© Problems -1 A jet of water 50 mm diameter strikes a flat plate held normal to the direction of jet. Estimate the force exerted and work done by the jet if a. The plate is stationary 'b. The plate is moving with a velocity of 1 m/s away from the jet along the line of jet. When the plate is moving with a velocity of 1 m’s towards the jet along the same line The discharge through the nozzle is 76 Ips. = Solution: d=50 mm=50x 10° m 3 x 60x10 a= 1.9635 x 10°m* Q=av 76 x 10° = 19635x 10° xV. V=38.70m's Case a) When the plate is stationary F.=pav? =, = 1000 x (1.9635 x 10°) x (38.70)" F,=2940.71N ‘Work done/s =F, xU ‘Work done/s =F, x0 ‘Work done/s=0Case b) V = 38.70 m/s (>) U=1mis(>) Fy=pa(v-uy F,=1000x 1.9635 x 10° x 87-1) F,=27901N ‘Work done/s =F, x U ‘Work done/s=2790.7 x 1 ‘Work done/s = 2700.7 Nuns or Jis or W Case ©) V=38.70 m/s(>) uU=1m/s(€) Fe=pa(V-U) Fy=1000x 1.9635 x 10° x 87+ 1)? F,=3094.65 ‘Work done/s =F, x U ‘Work done/s = 3094.65 x 1 ‘Work done/s = 3094.65 Nim's ‘+ Problems -2 A jet of water 50 mm diameter exerts a force of 3 KIN on a flat vane held ‘perpendicular to the direction of jet. Find the mass flow rate. © Solution: d=50mm=50x 10° m a ZxGox107F a=19635x10°m? F,=paV" 3000= 1000 x 1.9635 x 10° xv" V= 39.09 m/sth =pQ m= paV th = 1000 x 1.9635 x 107 x 39.09 6.75 kgs + Problems -3 A jet of data 75 mm diameter has a velocity of 30 mis. It stikes a flat plate inclined at 45° to the axis of jet. Find the force on the plate when. a. The plate is stationary b. The plate is moving with a velocity of 15 mvs along and away from the jet. Also find power and efficiency in case (b) + Solution: d=75x10%m a=—x(75x10°P 4 a= 4418x107 mn! Case a) When the plate is stationary Fe=paV" sin? (000 x 4418 x 107 x30'x Sin” 45 = 1988.10N Case b) When the plate is moving Fr=pa(V-U)' sine F.=1000x 4418x 10° x(30- 15) sin’45 F,=497.03 IN‘Output power = 7455.38 W Input power = Kinetic energy of jet/s Input power= 4 xshxV? Input power fxn? + Problem—4 A 75 mm diameter jet having a velocity of 12 mis impinges a smooth flat plate, the normal of which 1s inclined at 60° to the axis of jet. Find the impact of jet on the plate at night angles to the plate when the plate is stationery ‘What will be the impact if the plate moves with a velocity of 6 m/s in the disection of jet and away from it. What will be the force if the plate moves towards the plate. © Solution d=75x10% m = Ex (suo a=4418 x10°m*‘When the plate is stationery. Fa= pa" sind Fa= 1000x (4.418 x 10°) 12° sin30 F_=318.10N ‘When the plate is moving away from the jet Fa=pa(V-U) sind F,= 1000x4418 x 10(12 6) sin30 Fa ZN ‘When the plate is moving towards the jet Fa=pa(V+U)’ sind Fa= 1000 x 4418 x 10° (12 + 6)’ sin30 Fa=715.72N+ Problem —8 A jet of water of diameter 50 mm strikes a stationary, symmetrical curved plate with a velocity of 40 m/s. Find the force extended by the jet at the centre of plate along its axis ifthe jet is deflected through 120° at the outlet of the curved plate. Solution: Angle of deflection = 120° oo 4=50x10°m x x (50107 4 a= 1.963 x10°m* 10 mvs oe F,=paV" (1+ cosé) F, = 1000 x 1963 x 10° x 40° (1 + cos60) F,=47112N* Problem—9 A jet of water strikes a stationery curved plate tangentially at one end at an angle of 30°. The jet of 75 mm diameter has a velocity of 30 m/s. The jet leaves at the other end at angle of 20° to the horizontal. Determine the magnitude of force exerted along ‘x’ and ‘y’ directions. Solution: F.= m[U,- Vs] Fy=pa¥ [30 cos 30— (30 cos 20)] F,=1000 x 4.418 x 10° x 30 (30 cos 30 + 30c0s20) F,=7179.90N‘© Problem—10 A jet of water of diameter 75 mm strikes a curved plate at its centre with a ‘velocity of 25 m/s. The curved plate is moving with a velocity of 10 m/s along the direction of jet. IFthe jet gets deflected through 165° in the smooth vane, compate. a) Force exerted by the jet. b) Power of jet. ) Elciency of et. d=75 mm =75 x 10°m a= x(sxi7P a=4.418 x10°m? e=15° 25 mls \Om/s Fe=pa(V—Uy (1 + cosé) F,= 1000 4.418 x 10° [25 — 10}°x (1 + cos 15) F,= 1954.23Power of jet = Work done/s Power of jet=F.x U Power of jet = 1954 23x 10 Power of jet = 19542.3 W Kinetic energy of jet/s = — iV" 2 Kinetic energy of jet/s= 4foo0x 4418x10° x25)257 Kinetic energy of jev/s = 34515.63 W Output Input 195423 34515.63 n=564%© Problem: A jet of water impinges a curved plate with a velocity of 20 m/s making an angle of 30° with the direction of motion of vane at inlet and leaves at 130° to the direction of motion at outlet. The vane is moving with a velocity of 10 m/s. Compute. 4) Vane angles, so that water enters and leaves without shock i) Work done's © Solution: u - ageAssuming number loss Vi = Viz Ver = 20 cos 20 = 18.79 mvs Ve =20 sin 20 =6 84 m/s 684 sin 37.88 = Va=1L14ms Vp =Va=11.14 ays Va vu sin130” sin(180-130-B) 10sin130 sin (150 - Ba) = sin (50 - B:)= 0.6877 ‘Work done per unit mass flow rate =WmtVe) 0 = [18.19 + (Vincos fr -U)] = [18.79 + 11.14 cos 6.85 - 10] 10 = 198.57 Wikg= Problem: A jet of water having a velocity of 35 m/s stikes a series of radial curved vanes mounted on a wheel. The wheel has 200 rpm. The jet makes 20° with the tangent to wheel at inlet and leaves the wheel with a velocity of 5 m/s at 130° to tangent to the wheel at outlet. The diameters of wheel are 1 mand 0.5 m. Find 4) Vane angles at inlet and outlet for radially outward flow turbine. ii) Work done iii) Eificiency of the system © Solution Vi = 39m N= 200m, a = 0 eo: = 180-130=50° V2 - Sms Do - im D - 05m v= DN @ y= ztx200 60 = 10.47 mis y= DN o ye 2X0.5x200 o U2 =5.230 m/s Ver1197 289-1047) 8.10° Ve=5sin 50 Vp = 2.83 mis Vy2= 5 cos 50 Veo =3.214ms tanfo= 383 _ Ba 5.236+3.214 tan B= 24.38" ‘Work done per unit mass flow rate = [V2 Ur + Vaz Us] ‘Work done per unit mass flow rate = [32.89 x 10.47 + 3.214 x 5.236] ‘Work done per unit mass flow rate = 362.13 Wikg Avis + VeaU2 J — TT _ 2)2.89x10.47 + 3214x5236] 35° 1896 or 58.96%