ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 8854 First edition 1988-01-15 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION MEKAYHAPORHAR OPrAHMSALIAR FO CTAHAAPTINSAUMA Road vehicles — Alternators with regulators — Test methods and general requirements Vehioules routiers — Aternateurs avec régulateur — Méthodes cfessal ot conditionsForeword {180 (the Intemational Organization for Standardization) Is a worldwide federation of national standards Bodies (ISO momber bodias). The work of preparing Intemations! ‘Standards is normally caried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body intarestad In a subject for whlch a technical committee has been established has. ‘the right to be representad on that committee. Intemational organizations, gover ‘mental snd non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work, Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated 10 ‘the member bodies for approval bafore their acceptance as Intemational Standards by the ISO Councl. They are approved in accordance with ISO procedures requiring at laast 75 9 approval by the member bodies voting. Intomational Standard 180 8954 was propared by Technical Committeo ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles. Users should note that al Intemational Standards undergo revision from time to time ‘and that any reference made herein to any other International Standerd Imples its latest ecition, uniose othorwice etatod. © International Organization for Standardization, 1888 @ Prot in Swern etre corer ange Serpe Sn pon tate etoINTERNATIONAL STANDARD 1SO 8854 : 1988 (E) Road vehicles — Alternators with regulators — Test methods and general requirements 1 Scope and field of application ‘This International Standard specifies test mathods and generat requirements for the determination of the electrical charec- ‘erate data of alternators for road vehicles. It applies 10 altemators, cooled sccording to the manufac turer's instructions, mounted on internat combustion engines. 2. Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply. 2.1. tost voltage, U: Speciied value, in volts, at which the ‘current measurements shall be carted out. 2.2, outin frequency, na : Altemotor rotational frequency, ‘Which is the number of revolutions divided by time, in minutes to the power minus one, at which it bogine to cupply current |when frequeney is inoreased for tho fret timo. This depends on proexciting power (input), frequency changing velocity, bet- tory voltage and residual fx density ofthe rotor. 2.3. zero-amp. frequency. 7g: Altsmator rotational fee ‘quency, Inminutes to the power minus one, at which ft reaches ‘tho specified test voltage U, without any current output (the ppolnt whore tho current frequency charaotodatio = ln) in- ‘ersocts the abscissa). 2.4 minimum application frequency, my, : Alternator rote: ‘onal frequency, In minutes to the power finus one, which ‘corresponds approximatoly 10 the idling fraquency of the ‘engine. This rotational frequency i eet at 1 600 min~" for the purpose of this specitiction. 2.8 rated frequency, nq: Alterator rotational frequoncy, inv minutes to the power minus one, at which it suppios its rated ‘current. The rated frequency is specified as nq = 6 000 min: 2.6 minimum application current, i: Current, in ‘ampores, which is doliverad by the altemator attest voltage Uy ‘and at frequency m= 1 800 min 2.7 rated current, Iq: Minimum current, in amperes, which, the alternator shall supply at @ frequency np = 6 000 min? and at tost voltage Uj. 2.8 maximum current. Zax + Current, in amperes, which ‘the alternator suppilee at maximum continuous frequency (as defined by the altemator mentifacture} and attest voltage U;- 3. Test conditions The tests shall be carried out at a room temperature of 23 + 5 °C wherever possible, A temperature deviating from this range shail be recorded. ‘The reference point for recording cooling alr temperature shell be at 5 om from the air intake of the alternator. ‘The drsction of alternator rotation shall be as indloated by the ranufacturer, {In the measuring clout, a battery and an adjustable resistor ‘shunted 10 the battery aro used (see figures 1 and 2) “The teste shall be conducted using a fully charged lead-acid battery of the correct nominal voltage having & norrinal ca- pacity of not less than 50 % of the rated current Jp, expressed In ampore-hours. ‘Tho overall capabifty of tho tost oquipment ehell allow por- ‘ameter measurements within the tolerances shown in the tab, Table Pararnter ‘Acearecy Votage £03 Curent £05 Torque 32 Rotate! eawercy Ht ‘All measurements of current shall be caried out by adjusting the load resistor R to maintain @ constant test voltage U;- “The moasurernents shalt be canied out with integral or separate regulator. “To provent the regulator working, measurements shall be made ‘at the folowing test voltages : 19,5 + 0,1 V for 12 V eystoms; 27 + 0,2.V for 26.V eystems.180 8854 : 1988 (E) 4 Test equipment connection diagram For alternator tests, connections shall bo mede in accordance with figure 1. ‘The voltmeter shall bo connacted direct tothe alternator power ounput terminals ‘The connsoting cables used shall be adequate for the output of the altemator under test. In the case of a separate regulator, ‘thelr lengths shall bo recorded. 6 Measurement procedure 6.1 Currant/rotational frequency characteristic BA.1 Warm tests [5.4.1 Rotations frequencies and measuring points ‘Current messuramont chall be takun at the folowing rotational ‘requafcios (in minutes to the power minus one); the tempera {ure ofthe stator shall be allowed to reach equilibrium at each Inetvidual frequency before current vaiues are recorded : 2 A-rotationa frequency (= 1.000) ~ 1 600 — 2.000 — 72.500 — 3.000 — 3 800 — 4000 — 5 000 — 6 000 9.000, 12,000 — Mme ‘Tha current/rotational frequoncy characteristic Is indiested by the following five poles : a) Cutin frequency, my, Increase the alternator rotational frequency untl the charge Indicator system indicates the commencement of battery charging, and record this frequency. “The value of chargo Indicator influences the cut-in fre- quency and its valuo shall be agreed betwoon the alternator ‘manufacturer and the vehicle manufacturer. Altrnator with tetera or separate guitar 1b} Zoro-amp. frequency, mo (indirect meaeurement Reduce the altemator rotational frequency until an lter- ‘nator output current baowoen 5 % of Ip and 2A, but not los than 2 A, Is reached. Record frequency and current fot graphic determination of the zero-amp. fraquency : Le. the 2aro-amp, epood is dotorminad by extension of the curront/ rotational frequency characteristic unt the abscissa is Intersacted. ‘This graphic extrapolation shall bo made after comploting the measuroments. ©) Minimum application currant, ‘Adjust the attemator rotational frequency to ‘m= 1.500 min“ and rocord the alternator output current (defined 2s being the minimum application current 1) 4) Rated current, Jp ‘Adjust the alternator rotational frequency to tty = 6.000 min~', and record the altemator output cur- rent (defined as boing the rated current py) (8) Maximum ourront, Fre Adjust the alternator rotational frequency 12 fina 85 ‘spoctiod by the altemstor manufacturer, and record the alternator output current (defined as being the maximum ‘Curent Ira 6.1.1.2 Characteristic of powar absorbed (drive power) and officioncy “Th powor absorbed by the alternator shal be calouetad at the ‘measuring points shown in 5.1.1.1. If 80 desired, the eticlency ofthe altarnator may be calculated ‘and recorded. |v ‘Load resistor, R, eccording 10 the atometor type Figure 1 — Diagram for alternator testing roeoye repens em 0 nn5.1.2. Short form teats 8.1.2.1. Short form warm test ‘Tho alternator undor test shall bo warmed up for 30 min at ‘3.000 min=?. iis however permissible to reduce this time if it ‘can be shown that the temperature which would be reached after 30 min hes been attained in a shorter period. The voltage shall be constant and equal to the test voltage U; during the warm-up and the measuring period. ‘After the warm-up period, the rotational frequency shall be reduced unt the current is between 2 A and 0,05 I. Record ‘current and rotational froquency. ‘Current measurements shall bo takon at loast at tho following rotational frequency values (in minutes to the power minus fone) = 11500 — 2000 — 3.000 — 4000 — 6.000 — 9000 — 12000 — Pane If so desived, further intermediate values may be recorded. ‘The test time shell not exceed 30 ¢, with constant varlation of frequency. 51.22 Short form cold test Current measurements shall be taken ot least atthe following rotational frequoncy values (in minutes to the power minus jonel = (ran = ng pee wn a ISO 8854 : 1988 (E) 2 Acrotationa frequency ~ 1 500 ~ 2 000 — 3.000 — 4 000 = 6.000 ~ 9000 — 12000 — Minx If 90 dered, further intormodiato values may be rocorded. ‘The test time shall not excaed 30 s with canstant variation of frequency. 2 Testing of functional ability of regulator ‘The alternator shall be run at rated rotational frequoncy and rated current unti the temperature of the regulator becomes stable. The load shall then be reduced to 5 A and a check mada to determine that the voltage doos not rise above the alternator voltage specified by the alternator manufacturer. NOTE ~ The setting ofthe requator i sect to the vehicle manutec- 6 Presentation of results \Massurements of current/rotational frequency and power ab- ‘sorption cheracteristice shall be presented in accordance with figure 2. ‘The taste desorbed In 6.1.1 end 6.1.2 wil produce ciferent characteristic curves and therefore diferent maximum currant ‘aluos, The manufacturer shall indicate which tost mothod has been used.150 8864 : 1988 (E) mm Pq Px Fino pon nw oi” key Jax Maxims current Jn Rated current 2, Minimnurn appkcation currant ‘Trax Maximum continuous rotational frequency as defined by the alternator manufacturer ‘M5 Rated rotational frequency = 6 000 min=* ‘m1 Minium application rotational frequency = 1600 min? ‘Mo Zero-emp. frequency Power absorbed by the sltemator at full load (torque maasurement) Efficiency Figure 2 — Presentation of results108854: 1988 (E) UDG 629.11 : 621.3133 Deseriptors: coud veces, Itenel combustion engines, alirnetng-curent gnerators, teste, rice based on 4 pagee Seotgewes secs