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  • Nervoussystemlabreport

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    Toxins effect on action potentials, and cranial nerve and reflex action potential. Table below shows the effects the toxins have on the action potentials.

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    Toxins effect on action potentials, and cranial nerve and reflex action potential. Table below shows the effects the toxins have on the action potentials.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Baixe no formato PDF, TXT ou leia online no Scribd
    Sinalizar o conteúdo como inadequado
    23 visualizações3 páginas

    Nervoussystemlabreport

    Enviado por

    api-296590103
    Toxins effect on action potentials, and cranial nerve and reflex action potential. Table below shows the effects the toxins have on the action potentials.

    Direitos autorais:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Baixe no formato PDF, TXT ou leia online no Scribd
    Sinalizar o conteúdo como inadequado
    de 3

    ChassidyFolley

    NervousSystemLabReport

    ThislabreportwillincludeActionPotentialsalsoknownasimpulses,toxinseffectonaction
    potentials,andcranialnerveandreflexactionpotential.

    Actionpotentialinamultipolarneuron,
    wherethefirstpartoftheactionistriggeredbyastimulusandrespondsintransmittingmillivolts
    acrossthecellmembrane,riseandfallataconstantpace.(Allornothing)Depolarizationisthe
    reductionofamembrane'srestingpotentialsothemembranebecomeslessnegative.
    Repolarizationisthestateintheactionpotentialprocessthatreturnsmembranepotentialback
    toitsnegativevoltageafterthedepolarizationprocesshasoccurredbyselectivelyopeningand
    closingofthepotassiumchannelsonthecellmembrane.theperiodwhereaxonscantbe
    stimulatedtogenerateanewactionpotentialiscalledtherefractoryperiodwhichlimits
    impulsestoanaverageof100persecond.Thefollowingfigureswilladdressnervoussystem
    actionpotentialsstudies.

    Thegraphshowshowtheactionpotentialswork.

    Thetablebelowisshowingtheeffectsthetoxinshaveontheactionpotentialsandwhatthe
    resultofthemimpactingtheactionpotentialis.
    Toxins

    Definition

    Maculotoxin

    behavesasacationundercertainconditionsandwas
    showntobechemicallysimilartobutdistinctfrom
    tetrodotoxin

    Latrotoxin

    ahighmolecularmassneurotoxinfoundinthevenom
    ofspidersofthegenuslatrodectus

    Bungarotoxin

    powerfulneurotoxinfoundithevenomofthekrait

    Tetrodotoxin

    highlylethalneurotoxinpresentinumerousspeciesof
    pufferfish

    Apamin

    aneurotoxicinbeevenom

    Charybdotoxin

    itisaneurotoxinthatinhibitscalciumactivated
    potassiumchannels

    Conotoxin

    itisaneurotoxinfromthemarinefishhuntingsnails

    Figure2:Toxinsandtheirdefinitions

    ThetablebelowshowstheCranialNervesandhowtheywork.
    CranialNerves:

    Function:

    OlfactoryBulb

    senseofsmell

    OpticNerve

    isapairednervethattransmitsvisualinformation
    fromtheretinatothebrain

    OculomotorNerve

    enablesmostmovementsoftheeyeandthatraises
    theeyelid

    TrochlearNerve

    isamotornervethatthatinnervatesonlyasingle
    muscle

    TrigeminalNerve

    nervethatisresponsibleforthesensationoftheface
    andmotorfunctionssuchasbitingandchewing

    FacialNerve

    tastesensationsfromtheanteriortwothirdsofthe
    tongueandoralcavity

    GlossopharyngealNerve

    amixednervethatcarriesafferentsensoryefferent
    motorinformation

    AccessoryNerve

    nervethatcontrolsthesternocleidomastoidand
    trapeziusmuscles

    AbducensNerve

    isasomaticefferentnervethatinhumans,controls
    themovementofasinglemuscle,thelateralrectus
    oftheeye

    VestibulocochlearNerve

    transmitssoundandequilibriuminformationfromthe
    innereartothebrain

    VagusNerve

    interfaceswithparasympatheticcontroloftheheart
    anddigestivetract

    HypoglossalNerve

    innervatesmusclesofthetongue

    Figure3:TheCranialNervesandtheirFunctions

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