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  • Nervoussystemlabreport

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    Action potentials occur in the neuron's trigger zone when its membrane potential (electrical charge) rises and falls. During the refractory period, which lasts around 1 / 2500 pf of a second, the axons cannot be stimulated to produce another action potential. This lab report will also address the effects of toxins on the action potential followed by reflex testing.

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    Action potentials occur in the neuron's trigger zone when its membrane potential (electrical charge) rises and falls. During the refractory period, which lasts around 1 / 2500 pf of a second, the axons cannot be stimulated to produce another action potential. This lab report will also address the effects of toxins on the action potential followed by reflex testing.

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    19 visualizações5 páginas

    Nervoussystemlabreport

    Enviado por

    api-296603992
    Action potentials occur in the neuron's trigger zone when its membrane potential (electrical charge) rises and falls. During the refractory period, which lasts around 1 / 2500 pf of a second, the axons cannot be stimulated to produce another action potential. This lab report will also address the effects of toxins on the action potential followed by reflex testing.

    Direitos autorais:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Baixe no formato PDF, TXT ou leia online no Scribd
    Sinalizar o conteúdo como inadequado
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    NervousSystemLabReport

    Thislabreportaddressesanormalcellenvironment,whereactionpotentialsoccurinthe
    neuronstriggerzonewhenitsmembranepotential(electricalcharge)risesandfalls,theneuron
    thensendselectricalimpulsesdownanaxonawayfromthecellbodyanditwillalsoaddress
    theeffectsoftoxinsontheactionpotentialfollowedbyreflextesting.Actionpotentialalso
    knownasanerveimpulseistheeventsofelectricalresponsethattakeplaceinacell,caused
    whendifferentionscrossestheneuronmembrane.Thefirsteventinanactionpotentialis
    depolarization,wherethesodiumionsflowintothecellchangingthesodiumionsfroma
    negativetoapositivelevelatthemembraneoftheneuron.Theevenafterdepolarization,the
    cellrepolarizesitselfbyusingitssodiumpotassiumpumplocatedinthemembraneforevery
    threesodiumionsitpumpsout,itpumpsintwopotassiumionsuntiltheproperchargeis
    reached.Duringtherefractoryperiod,whichlastsaround1/2500pfofasecond,theaxons
    cannotbestimulatedtoproduceanotheractionpotential.Thefigureslowbelowrepresentall
    informationanddatacollectedbyresearchingactionpotentialfurtherandlabsperformedwith
    theinformationabove.

    Figure1:Aboveisachartrepresentingtheactionpotential.Thegraphisshowingthereactions
    tothedifferentamountsofvoltage.

    Figure2:Aboveisachartthatprovideseachtoxin,aswellastheeffectsofthetoxininit.It
    describeshowthetoxinsreactwhenthebodybecomesinfected.

    Figure3:Belowisapictureofthebrain.Alsobelow,isachartthatrepresentseachcranial
    nerveinthebodyandhowthatcranialnerveeffectsthebody.Whatisrepresentedinthischart
    isthenameofthenerve,whatthefunctionofthenerveis,andwhattypeofnerveitis.

    CranialNerve

    Type

    Function

    Trochlear

    PrimarilyMotor

    Motorfibersconduct
    impulsestomuscles.
    Sensoryfibersconduct
    impulsesassociatedwith
    proprioceptors.

    Optic

    Sensory

    Sensoryfibersconduct
    impulsesassociatedwiththe
    senseofvision.

    Trigemina

    Mixed

    Sensoryfibersconduct
    impulsesfromthesurfaceof
    theeyes,tearglands,scalp,
    forehead,anduppereyelids.

    Olfactory

    Sensory

    Sensoryfibersconduct
    impulsesassociatedwiththe
    senseofsmell.

    Oculomotor

    PrimarilyMotor

    Motorfibersconduct
    impulsestomusclesthat
    raisetheeyelidsandmove
    theeyes.Sensoryfibers
    conductitmpulsesassociated
    withproprioceptors.

    Facil

    Mixed

    Sensoryfibersconduct
    impulsesassociatedwith
    taste.

    Vestibulocochlear

    Sensory

    Helpswithhearing,balance,
    andtransferringinformation
    fromtheinsideoftheearto
    thebrain.

    Abducens

    PrimarilyMotor

    Conductsimpulsesto
    musclesthatmovetheeyes.
    Conductsimpulses
    associatedwith
    proprioceptors.

    Vagus

    Mixed

    Conductsimpulsesfromthe
    larynx,esophagus,pharynx,
    andthethoraxofthe
    abdomen

    Hypoglossal

    PrimarilyMotor

    Conductsimpulsesto
    musclesthatmovethe

    tongue.
    Glossopharyngeal

    Mixed

    Conductsimpulsesfromthe
    pharynx,aswellasfromthe
    tonsils.

    Accessory

    PrimarilyMotor

    Conductsimpulsestothe
    musclesthatmovethe
    tongue.

    Figure4:Belowisadrawingthatisusedtorepresenttheactionpotentialflowfromstarttothe
    beginning.Inthischart,ithasthetitleofeachactionandwhatthatactionrepresents.Itshows
    theflowofhowactionpotentialworks.

    Inthelab,wetestedthedifferentpartsofourbody.Wetestedourleftandrightbiceps,triceps,
    brachioradialis,patellar,achilles,babinski,crossedextensorandglabellar.Weputtheobjectto
    motionwhenwehititagainstacertainpartofourbody.Whenitwashitinacertainplace,a
    flinchorreactionoccurred.Foreveryone,theextenttothereactionvaried.

    Belowisagraphthatdescribesthereactionlevelofthelab.

    Test

    Left

    Right

    Biceps

    Triceps

    ++

    ++

    Brachioradialis

    +++

    +++

    Hoffmanns

    ++

    ++

    Patellar

    +++

    ++

    Achilles

    ++

    ++

    Babinski

    ++

    +++

    CrossedExtensor

    +++

    +++

    Glabellar

    +++

    ++

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