Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Orthographic
Projection
TOPICS
Object representation
Multiview projection
Glass box concept
Orthographic projection of point,
line, plane, surface and object.
Line convention
OBJECT REPRESENTATION
Axonometric projection
Multiview projection
MULTIVIEW PROJECTION
Width
Depth
Adjacent view(s)
is needed to
fulfill the size
description.
Height
Height
Depth
Width
Depth
TO OBTAIN MULTIVIEW
REPRESENTATION OF AN OBJECT
1. Revolve the object with respect
to observer.
2. The observer move around the
object.
Top view
Front
view
Front
view
Right side
view
Rear view
Bottom view
Depth
History
Width
Height
Orthographic
Projection
of Object Features
OBJECT FEATURES
Edges
Corners
Corner
Edge
No corner
No edge
No corner
OBJECT FEATURES
Surfaces
Limiting
element
Surface
Surface
Limit
Surface
Limit
PROJECTION OF POINT(S)
BT
BT
AT
AT
Equal
distance
B
A
AF BF
BR
AR
AF BF
AR
BR
PROJECTION OF LINE
True length
BT
AT
BT
Equal
length
AT
B
A
AF BF
Point
BR
AR
AF BF
AR
BR
True length
NORMAL LINE
PROJECTION OF LINE
True length
BT
AT
BT
Equal
length
AT
B
A
A
AF
BF
Foreshortened
BR
AR
AF
Foreshortened
BF
AR
BR
INCLINED LINE
PROJECTION OF LINE
Foreshortened
BT
AT
BT
B
BR
BF
AT
B
A
AF
Equal
length
BF
BR
A
AR
Foreshortened
AF
AR
Foreshortened
OBLIQUED LINE
PROJECTION OF PLANE
True size
CT
BT
CT
AT
BT
C
CR
BF
AF,CF
Edge
AT
Equal
length
BF
AR,BR
AF,CF
AR,BR
CR
Edge
NORMAL PLANE
PROJECTION OF PLANE
Foreshortened
CT
BT
CT
AT
C
CR
CF
BT
AT
Equal
length
CF
CR
BF
AF
Foreshortened
AR,BR
Edge
BF
AF
AR,BR
INCLINED PLANE
PROJECTION OF PLANE
Foreshortened
CT
BT
CT
AT
Equal
length
B
BF
CR
CF
BT
AT
CF
BR
BF
A
AF
Foreshortened
BR
CR
AR
Foreshortened
AF
AR
OBLIQUED PLANE
PROJECTION OF OBJECT
The views are obtained by projecting all object
features to the picture plane.
PROJECTION OF OBJECT
s
s
PROJECTION OF OBJECT
Line Convention
LINE CONVENTION
Precedence of coincide lines.
Hidden line drawing.
Center line drawing.
PRECEDENCE OF LINE
Order of
importance
Visible
line
Hidden
line
Center
line
Join
Correct
No !
Leave
space
Correct
No !
Correct
No !
Leave space
Leave space
Leave
space
Leave
space