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Essential Questions:
1. What is interconnectedness?
2. What is fluency?
3. How is fluency affect by the eight parts of speech?
Standards:
1. ACEI
a. 2.1
b. 2.4
2. Language Arts:
a. 5.W.6
b. 5.W.6.1a
c. 5.W.6.1b
d. 5.W.6.1c
e. 5.W.6.1d
f. 5.W.6.1e
3. Social Studies:
a. 5.1.20
b. 5.2.21
c. 5.1.22
Language Arts:
1. The Eight Parts of Speech
a. Noun
i. Words that name a person, a place, a thing, or an idea.
1. Example: Ms. Hedge (Person)
2. Example: Disney World (Place)
3. Example: Cell phone (Thing)
b. Verb
i. Words that express action or state of being
1. Example: Run (Present Tense)
2. Example: Hugged (Past Tense)
3. Example: Will Jump (Future Tense)
c. Adjective
i. Words that describe a noun or pronoun
1. Example: Red
2. Example: Young
3. Example: Bright
d. Adverb
i. Words that describe a verb, an adjective, or another adverb
1. Example: Loudly
2. Example: Slowly
3. Example: Happily
e. Preposition
i. Words that show position or direction and introduce prepositional phrases
1. Example: Under
2. Example: Through
3. Example: Over
f. Pronoun
i. Words used in place of nouns
1. Example: I
2. Example: You
3. Example: Mine
g. Conjunction
i. Words that connect words or groups of words
1. Example: And
2. Example: But
3. Example: Or
h. Interjection
i. Words (set off by commas or exclamation points) that show emotion or
surprise
1. Example: Oops!
2. Example: Ouch!
3. Example: Goodness!
2. Interconnectedness
a. Part of the terminology of a worldview which sees an oneness in all things. A similar
term, interdependence, is sometimes used instead, although there are slightly different
connotations. (www.google.com)
3. Fluency
a. The quality or condition of being fluent, in particular; the ability to speak or write a
foreign language easily and accurately; the ability to express oneself easily and
articulately.
Social Studies:
1. Exploration and Colonization
a. Vocabulary Words
i. Profit the money made on goods that exceeds the cost of production.
ii. Merchant a person who buys, sells, and trades goods for a profit.
iii. Barter the trading of goods for goods.
iv. Navigation the science of determining a ships location and direction.
b. The Middle Ages
i. The middle ages are a period of European history that ranges from A.D.
500 to 1500.
ii. End of ancient Rome to beginning of the age of exploration
iii. First people Norse or north people
1. Lived in Denmark, Sweden, and Norway
2. Ships carried furs, fish, and timber
3. Traded these items for oil, spices, and goods
4. Also called Vikings
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
iv. Viking explorers became the first Europeans to reach North America.
1. Sailed west built settlements in Iceland and Greenland
2. Diseases and battles with native peoples = abandonment
v. People traveled on boats, foot, horseback, etc.
The Crusades
i. 1095 journey to Jerusalem in western Asia
1. This city had religious importance to Jews, Christians, and
Muslims
ii. 1096 wars in Jerusalem began
1. Christians wanted to capture Jerusalem from the Muslim Turks
2. These wars became known as the Crusades.
iii. Crusaders captured Jerusalem
The Travels of Marco Polo
i. Italian family
ii. 1295 family returns to Venice after years pass
iii. Saw/ate unknown objects in Europe
1. Example noodles
Trade with Asia
i. Chinese traders brought silk, spices, and jewels to western Asia
ii. European merchants traveled by land across the deserts of central Asia
1. Dangerous journey
2. Could take years to complete
3. Think of a new route to take?
African Kingdoms
i. 1350 the ruler of a kingdom called Mali traveled to the Muslim holy city
of Mecca in Arabia
ii. The discovery of gold in the Americas ended African control of Europes
gold supply.
iii. Europeans began to enslave Africans in the 1500s, and the great kingdoms
collapsed.
A School for Sailors
i. Land routes to Asia were controlled by Portugals enemies
ii. Prince Henry of Portugal believed that ships could sail south along the
western coast of Africa to reach Asia.
1. He was eager to gain a share of Asias wealth for Portugal.
2. Trade with African kingdoms would grow if new sea routes were
followed.
3. He set up a school where experts worked on problems of
navigation.
iii. Sailors guessed their location by the North Star.
1. South of the equator, there is no north star (you cannot see it)
iv. The Chinese compass
v. Maps = technology to help guide explorers
b.
c.
d.
e.
a. Vocabulary Words
i. Empire an area in which different groups of people are controlled by
one ruler or government.
ii. Conquistador a name for the Spanish conquerors that first came to the
Americas in the 1500s.
b. The Aztec Empire
i. 1519 the Spaniard Hernan Cortes landed in Mexico with more than 500
conquistadors
ii. Native people have never seen colored or white skin
iii. Tenochtitlan one of the largest cities in the world
1. Aztec ruled this city Montezuma II
2. Cortes reached here in November 1519
iv. Smallpox became an issue
1. Killed more than 100,000 people
c. The Inca Empire
i. Wealthiest in the world ruled much of South America
ii. Extended more than 2,500 miles along the western coast of SA
1. The distance from NYC to Phoenix
iii. Linked by Highways
1. Located in the Andes Mountain range
2. Cuzco (or Peru) one of the highest cities on Earth
3. Quipus knotted strings to help remember information
a. Used these to keep records
b. Important tool for communicating information
iv. Inca Society
1. Rulers and religious leaders were the highest class
2. Instead of paying taxes
a. Repaired roads
b. Digging canals
c. Building temples
3. Gold and silver were important
a. Gold the seat of the sun
b. Silver the tears of the moon
d. The Fall of the Inca
i. 1531 The Inca empire was collapsing
ii. Smallpox was a problem
iii. Inca ruler Wayna Capac
1. After his death, a civil war broke out between his sons, Atahualpa
and Huascar, for control of the empire.
a. Atahualpa controlled Northern part of the empire
iv. Pizarro and Atahualpa
1. Pizarro took Inca ruler prisoner
a. Freedom room with gold and silver
b. Did not release the prisoner (was dishonest about his deal)
i. When the room was filled, Atahualpa was killed
ii. Gold and silver was melted down into blocks