Escolar Documentos
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Peubah Acak
Diskrit dan
Sebaran
Peluangnya
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, by
Sebaran Peluang
Sebaran peluang dari peubah acak X
adalah suatu gambaran nilai peluang
untuk masing-masing nilai yang mungkin
bagi X.
Untuk suatu peubah acak diskrit,
sebaran peluang dapat berupa:
1. Daftar/tabel seluruh nilai yang mungkin
bagi X dengan peluangnya masing-masing.
2. Rumus/fungsi yang digunakan untuk
menghitung peluang dengan menggunakan
nilai peubah acak X sebagai input.
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, by
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, by
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, by
(2)
f x 1
i 1
(3) f xi P X xi
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, by
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(1) F x P X x f xi
xi x
(2) 0 F x 1
(3) If x y, then F x F y
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, by
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, by
(3-5)
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, by
24
48 0 1
12
2400
14.142
12
18
John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, by
Sec 2-
22
John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, by
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, by
n x
for x 0,1,...n
(3-7)
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, by
0.9
16
153 0.1
0.9
16
0.2835
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, by
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P X 4 C
x4
18
x
0.1 0.9
x
18 x
1 P X 4
3
1 C
x 0
18
x
0.1 0.9
x
18 x
0.098
Sec 2-
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, by
x 3
P X 7 P X 2
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, by
and 2 = V(X) =
np(1-p)
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, by
Contoh:
Pada kasus transmisi bit, dengan n=4 dan
p=0.1.
Tentukan mean (rata-rata) dan varians
(ragam) dari jumlah kesalahan transmisi!
Karena X adalah jumlah kesalahan dari 4
transmisi bit menyebar binomial maka:
= E(X) = np = 4*0.1 = 0,4
2 = V(X) = np(1-p) = 4*0.1*0.9 =
3.6
= SD(X) = 1.9
John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, by
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Sebaran Poisson
Jika jumlah percobaan (n) pada percobaan
binomial semakin banyak (menuju tak
hingga) dan rata-rata binomial (np) tetap,
maka sebaran binomial menjadi sebaran
Poisson.
Let np E x , so p n
n
x
n x
n
x
P X x
p 1 p
x
x
1
n
n
n x
e x
x!
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, by
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for
x 0,1, 2,3,...
(3-16)
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, by
and
2=V(X) =
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, by
e 2.3 2.32
P X 2
0.265
2!
Sec 2-
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, by