ZIKA

VIRUS
Presented By: Dr. Harman Multani
Moderated By: Dr. Varsha A Singh

INTRODUCTION

Rhesus MonkeyUganda , Africa.

1948 in

Humans - 1968 in Nigeria, Africa

GLOBAL RISK
2007

Yap Island,Micronesia

Prior 2015 Asia and

Outbreaks in parts of Africa ,Southeast

the Pacific Islands

May 2015

First outbreak in Brazil

21 October 2015

152 deaths in the world.

1.2 million cases
76 deaths from microcephaly in Brazil

Since November - 4,000 cases of microcephaly

in babies
infected mothers.

VIRUS CLASSIFICATION

Arthropod borne Virus

Group: Group IV((+)ssRNA)
Family: Flaviviridae
Genus: Flavivirus
Species: Zika virus

VECTORS

VIRUS STRUCTURE & COMPOSITION

Mature virions (40 nm)

Nucleocapsid (25-30 nm)
Lipid Bilayer with enveloped E and M
proteins
ssRNA
Icosahedral symmetry

PRECURSOR MEMBRANE PROTEIN (prM)

large, highly-conserved
smaller,hydrophobic
smaller,
Smaller,hydrophobic
hydrophobic proteins
proteins

REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE IN HOST CELL

The reproductive cycle same as other known flaviviruses.

Virion -envelope protein
endocytosis.
fuses with the endosomal membrane
ssRNA genome released- cytoplasm
translated - structural and non-structural proteins.

3' NCR - RNA packaging, cyclization, genome stabilization,

recognition

and

5' NCR - translation ( methylated nucleotide cap or a genome- linked

protein)

Assembly- endoplasmic reiticulum

new virions - Golgi apparatus

release

new virions can infect new host cells.

PATHOGENESIS OF ZIKA
VIRUS

IiiIinInfection
i
Primary Hosts
IP:2-7 Days
sSpread

RReplication

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

Mild and last for 2-7 days.

Headache
Fever
Skin rashes (exanthema)
Pink eye
Conjunctivitis
Muscle and joint pain
Malaise

NEUROLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS OF ZIKA VIRUS

MICROCEPHALY

GUILLAIN BARRE SYNDROME

DIAGNOSISOF ZIKA VIRUS

Sample: Blood, Saliva, Urine.

PCR: Useful in first 3-5 days after the

onset.

Direct detection of RNA or specific

viral
antigens in clinicalspecimens.

Serology Test: Detect the presence of

antibodies
useful only after 5
days.

TREATMENT OF ZIKA VIRUS

There is no specific treatment or vaccine currently available.

America has TWO potential Zika vaccines ready for human

trials - but officials admit they won't be in use for 'several
years'

The Bharat Biotech International Limited in Hyderabad

say they have developed the world's first vaccine against the
Zika Virus. (Krishna Ella, chairman and managing director)

PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF ZIKA VIRUS

Avoid travel to areas with an active infestation.

Travelers should take the basic precautions to protect themselves

from mosquito bites.

During outbreaks, health authorities may advise that spraying of

insecticides be carried out.

Reducing mosquito populations and avoiding bites, which occur

mainly during the day.

Eliminating and controlling Aedes aegypti mosquito breeding sites

reduces the chances that Zika will be transmitted.

THANK
YOU