Physics Preliminary 2014 Exam

2014
YEAR 11 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
Physics
General Instructions
Total marks 75
Reading time 5 minutes
This paper has two parts, Part A and Part B
Working time 2 hours
Part A 20 marks
Write using blue or black pen

Board-approved calculators may be used
Attempt Questions 1-20

Allow about 35 minutes for this part
Draw diagrams using pencil

Write your Student Number or Name
where indicated
A data sheet, formulae sheets and
Periodic Table are provided.
Part B 55 marks
Allow about 1 hour and 25 minutes for this part
Part A 20 marks
Allow about 35 minutes for this part
Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for Questions 1-20.
Select the alternative A,B,C or D that best answers the question. Fill in the response oval completely.
Sample:
2+4=
(A) 2
(B) 6
(C) 8
(D) 9
If you think you have made a mistake, put a cross through the incorrect answer and fill in the new
answer.
A
If you change your mind and have crossed out what you consider to be the correct answer, then
indicate the correct answer by writing the word correct and drawing an arrow as follows.
A
C
correct
1.
2.
Light of wavelength 400 nm is travelling through space. The frequency of the light is
(A)
7.5 x 105 Hz.
(B)
7.5 x 1014 Hz.
(C)
1.3 x 10-15 Hz.
(D)
7.5 x 1016 Hz.
Two sound waves are shown on a CRO screen with the same axes settings, as shown.
Wave A
Wave B
Compared to Wave A, Wave B, when heard, would sound:

Volume
Pitch
(A)
louder
higher
(B)
louder
lower
(C)
softer
higher
(D)
softer
lower
Questions 3 and 4 refer to the following information:

An investigation was performed in a school laboratory to model the inverse square law for light
intensity and distance from the source. The results obtained from three different student groups were
recorded as shown in the table below.
Distance
from
source
(cm)
2.0
4.0
10.0
20.0
40.0
3.
4.
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
2500
630
100
25
6
2200
590
90
20
3
3800
900
150
38
9
From the results obtained, it seems likely that:

(A)
the three groups used different measuring tapes
(B)
the three groups used different light sources
(C)
group 3 obtained the most reliable results
(D)
the lights were left on in the laboratory while the measurements were being taken.
Which statement is true about this investigation?

(A)
The investigation is reliable.
(B)
The inverse square law does not seem to apply here.
(C)
The investigation should be repeated again to make it more valid.
(D)
The independent variable is the distance from the source.
5.
A ray of light enters a glass prism from air as shown.

45o
air: n = 1.0
glass: n = 1.5
ro
The value of r is
6.
(A)
sin
(B)
sin
(C)
sin 45
1.5
(D)
1.5
sin 45
sin 45
1.5
1.5
sin 45
Sound waves cannot travel through

(A)
glass.
(B)
a vacuum.
(C)
air.
(D)
water.
7.
8.
The wires that glow red hot in a toaster would not be suitable for use in wires that provide
electricity to a household. Wires used to provide electricity to households need to:
(A)
have a high melting point.
(B)
be able to give off heat efficiently.
(C)
have high resistance.
(D)
have low resistance.
The diagram below represents the pathway of electricity from the power station through a
typical household.
power station and

transformers
household
X
lights
Y
power points
Z
air conditioner
The reason for the separate pathways labelled X, Y, and Z is that:

(A)
different voltages can be used.
(B)
more power can be used in the household.
(C)
it is cheaper to build this way.
(D)
if one has a fault the others still operate.
9.
The Joule is the unit of energy. However, electrical energy is sold to consumers in the units
of kWh.
One kWh would be the equivalent of:
10.
11.
(A)
3.6 MJ
(B)
3.6 kJ
(C)
3.6 Jh
(D)
3.6 kJh
An effective way to build an electromagnet is to:

(A)
wind insulated wire around an aluminium nail.
(B)
wind bare wire around an iron nail
(C)
wind insulated wire around an iron nail
(D)
wind bare wire around a plastic rod.
A person touches a faulty metal toaster in the kitchen and receives a mild electric shock.
They survive the experience because of the:
(A)
circuit breaker.
(B)
fuse.
(C)
earth wire.
(D)
double insulation.
Questions 12 and 13 refer to the following information and graph.

A velocity versus time graph was plotted to display the motion of a vehicle, as shown below.
v (ms-1)
12
5
D
0
A
12.
13.
E
time (s)
The only time that the vehicle represented was stopped was:
(A)
between A and B as well as between D and E
(B)
between A and B
(C)
it is never stopped.
(D)
at point C.
The extra information required in order to find how far the vehicle travelled between times A
and B would be the:
(A)
time interval between A and B.
(B)
initial speed of the vehicle.
(C)
vehicles direction of travel at A.
(D)
speed at A.
14.
15.
A book is resting on a desk. The desk is gradually tilted until the book just begins to slide.
Before the book begins to slide it can be said that:
(A)
no forces are acting on the book.
(B)
gravity is less than the force of the desk on the book.
(C)
the friction on the book is greater than the force trying to make it slide.
(D)
the net force on the book is zero.
A net force of 200 N acts on a 250 kg object for 3.0 s.

The change in the momentum of the object is closest to:
16.
17.
(A)
750 N s
(B)
600 N s
(C)
83 N s
(D)
67 N s
Which of the following alternatives is an example of Newtons First Law of Motion?

(A)
A planes engines accelerate it down the runway.
(B)
A cannon recoils when the cannon ball is fired.
(C)
A car stops suddenly but the dog in the back seat ends up in the front seat.
(D)
A person falls backwards when they throw a heavy ball forwards.
Some of the advances in the developments of the accepted model of the Universe are listed
out of order:
P
Q
R
S
T
understanding of gravity
use of a telescope for astronomical observations
heliocentric model
geocentric model
epicycles to explain planetary motion
The correct order for the sequence of events is:

(A)
SRTPQ
(B)
RTSPQ
(C)
STRQP
(D)
RTSQP
8
18.
19.
20.
The relationship between the work of Friedmann and Hubble was:

(A)
Friedmann verified Hubbles observations.
(B)
Hubble verified Friedmanns prediction.
(C)
Hubble disproved Friedmanns prediction.
(D)
Hubbles prediction was better than Friedmanns.
The best model to represent the relationship between the colour, surface temperature and
luminosity of a star is:
(A)
placing red, green then blue coloured cellophane over a globe.
(B)
comparing a blue flame and the safety flame of a Bunsen burner.
(C)
the comparison of a 12V globe, fluorescent tube and a 100W globe.
(D)
the appearance of a 12V globe switched progressively from 2V to 12V.
The image shown is of the surface of the Sun
The regions labelled X are:

(A)
hotter and deeper than the surrounding surface.
(B)
cooler with stronger magnetic activity than the surrounding surface.
(C)
caused by areas of cyclonic wind type activity on the surface.
(D)
caused by clouds obscuring the surface.
Part B 55 marks
Allow about 1 hour and 25 minutes for this part.
Answer the questions in the spaces provided.

Show all relevant working in questions involving calculations.
Marks
Question 21 (4 marks)
(a)
Identify the quantity which is the product of a waves frequency and

wavelength.
.......................................................................................................................................
(b)
X-rays travel through air at 3.0 x 108 m s-1.

What is the wavelength of X- rays that have a frequency of 4.5 x 1017 Hz?
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(c)
Describe the effect on a waves wavelength if the wave slows down to half
its original speed upon entering a new medium but its frequency remains
constant.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
10
Marks
Electromagnetic waves are used extensively for communication.

(a)
(i)
Identify one kind of electromagnetic radiation that is NOT used for

communication.
.......................................................................................................................................
(ii)
Explain why this kind of electromagnetic radiation is not used for

communication.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(b)
Outline the problems that arise due to the limited range of the
electromagnetic spectrum that is available for communication purposes.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(a)
Describe one application of the reflection of waves by each of these shapes:

(i)
plane surface
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(ii)
concave surface
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(iii)
convex surface
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
Question 23 continues on page 13.
11
Marks
Question 23 (continued)
(b)
In the space below, sketch how a radio wave can be reflected by the
ionosphere so that it can be received on the other side of the Earth.
Label your sketch.
Huge amounts of data can be stored in digital form.

Identify two types of information that can be stored digitally for communication and
outline what is meant by the term digital.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(a)
Describe what happens to a Coulomb of electric charge as it flows through a

12 volt battery.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
Question 25 continues on page 14.
12
Marks
Question 25 (continued)
(b)
The Coulomb of charge in Q25 (a) then flows around an electric circuit with
a total resistance of 6.0 .
(i)
How many Coulombs of charge are passing through the battery each
second?
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(ii)
Find the power being supplied to this circuit by the battery.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(a)
In the space below, draw two circuit diagrams each having a battery and one
having two globes connected in series, with the other having two globes
connected in parallel. Label each circuit.
(b)
Given that the batteries and the globes used are identical, quantitatively
compare the current in the series circuit to the current in the parallel circuit.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
13
Marks
(a)
Draw a diagram showing the magnetic field through and around a solenoid
carrying current.
(b)
State two possible advantages of using a solenoid to produce a magnetic

field compared with using a bar magnet.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
14
Marks
(a)
Using examples, describe the differences between scalar and vector

quantities.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(b)
On a journey, a car had an average velocity magnitude of 40 km h-1 and an

average speed of 60 km h-1.
Using a diagram (not necessarily to scale), show how this could happen.
Find the force acting on a 5.00 x 103 kg satellite that has a circular orbital radius of
9.50 x 106 m and a speed of 6.49 x 103 m s-1.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
15
Marks
A spaceship in deep space fires its rocket motor that exerts a force of 8.00 x 104 N.
The rocket continues to fire while the spaceship moves through a distance of
1.0 x 107 m.
(a)
By how much did the spaceships kinetic energy increase during the firing
of the rocket motor?
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(b)
If the 6.0 x 104 kg spaceship had been moving at 4.5 x 103 m s-1 before the
rocket motor was fired, how fast is it moving now?
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
16
Marks
Describe one safety feature in cars that reduces the forces in collisions, and explain
how it does so
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
17
Marks
Assess the role of gravity in the formation of the Universe since the Big Bang.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(a)
Identify the factor other than distance that determines the brightness of a
star.
.......................................................................................................................................
(b)
Describe the relationship between the distance to a star and its brightness.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
18
Marks
It is important for the safety of astronauts to be able to predict the impact of high
solar wind events.
(a)
Explain how NASA can make broad predictions of solar wind activity for
space missions many years in advance.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(b)
Outline two other events or phenomena that are associated with high solar
wind activity.
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19

Physics Preliminary 2014 Exam

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2014

YEAR 11 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION

Reading time 5 minutes

This paper has two parts, Part A and Part B

Working time 2 hours

Write using blue or black pen

Attempt Questions 1-20

Draw diagrams using pencil

7.5 x 105 Hz.

7.5 x 1014 Hz.

1.3 x 10-15 Hz.

7.5 x 1016 Hz.

Compared to Wave A, Wave B, when heard, would sound:

Questions 3 and 4 refer to the following information:

From the results obtained, it seems likely that:

the three groups used different measuring tapes

the three groups used different light sources

group 3 obtained the most reliable results

Which statement is true about this investigation?

The investigation is reliable.

The inverse square law does not seem to apply here.

The investigation should be repeated again to make it more valid.

The independent variable is the distance from the source.

A ray of light enters a glass prism from air as shown.

Sound waves cannot travel through

have a high melting point.

be able to give off heat efficiently.

have high resistance.

have low resistance.

power station and

The reason for the separate pathways labelled X, Y, and Z is that:

different voltages can be used.

more power can be used in the household.

it is cheaper to build this way.

if one has a fault the others still operate.

An effective way to build an electromagnet is to:

wind insulated wire around an aluminium nail.

wind bare wire around an iron nail

wind insulated wire around an iron nail

wind bare wire around a plastic rod.

Questions 12 and 13 refer to the following information and graph.

between A and B as well as between D and E

time interval between A and B.

initial speed of the vehicle.

vehicles direction of travel at A.

no forces are acting on the book.

gravity is less than the force of the desk on the book.

the net force on the book is zero.

A net force of 200 N acts on a 250 kg object for 3.0 s.

Which of the following alternatives is an example of Newtons First Law of Motion?

A planes engines accelerate it down the runway.

A cannon recoils when the cannon ball is fired.

A person falls backwards when they throw a heavy ball forwards.

The correct order for the sequence of events is:

The relationship between the work of Friedmann and Hubble was:

Friedmann verified Hubbles observations.

Hubble verified Friedmanns prediction.

Hubble disproved Friedmanns prediction.

Hubbles prediction was better than Friedmanns.

placing red, green then blue coloured cellophane over a globe.

comparing a blue flame and the safety flame of a Bunsen burner.

the comparison of a 12V globe, fluorescent tube and a 100W globe.

the appearance of a 12V globe switched progressively from 2V to 12V.

The image shown is of the surface of the Sun