PENYELESAIAN UAS "MEKANIKA REKAYASA V" (reguler)

Semester Gasal 2005/2006 - Tgl. 21 Januari 2006

STEP 1 : Discretize and Global Degrees of Freedom (DOF)

Defined DOF
after boundary conditions

PENYELESAIAN :
Properties penampang
Bahan / material :
E = 2.10E+06 kg/cm2
Batang 1 :
A1 =

120 cm2
E = 2.10E+06 kg/cm2
I1 = 1.07E+05 cm4

L1 =
theta1 =

400 cm
0 degrees

Rekap Elemen dalam Matriks Kekakuan Batang

Batang
EA / L
4.EI / L
2.EI / L
6.EI / L^2
1
6.29E+05 2.24E+09 1.12E+09 8.38E+06
2
4.45E+05 1.58E+09 7.90E+08 4.19E+06
3

12.EI / L^3
Sudut (deg)
4.19E+04
0
1.48E+04
315

Data beban
P1 =
P2 =
q=
M=

500 kg
0
100 kg/cm
0

Gaya dan Momen Ujung pada Element #1:

Ha =
0 kg
Hb =
Va =
20000 kg
Vb =
Ma =
1333333 kg.cm
Mb =

0 kg
20000 kg
-1333333.333 kg.cm

Gaya dan Momen Ujung pada Element #2:

Ha =
0T
Hb =
Va =
0T
Vb =
Ma =
0 T.m
Mb =

0T
0T
0 T.m

Gaya dan Momen Ujung pada Element #3:

Ha =
0T
Hb =
Va =
0T
Vb =
Ma =
0 T.m
Mb =

0T
0T
0 T.m

Rekap Gaya Ujung Batang (Sumbu Lokal)

Ujung kiri (i)
Ujung kanan (j)
No. Btg
Beban FX(i) Beban FY(i) Beban MZ(i) Beban FX(j) Beban FY(j) Beban MZ(j)
1
0
20000 1333333
0
20000
-1333333
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
Beban atau Momen pada Titik Joint Struktur dalam Arah Sumbu Global/Sumbu Struktur
No. Titik :
1
2
Dis. Sb Global :
1
2
3
4
5
6
Beban/Momen :
0
0
0
500
0
0
Tentukan parameter yang dibutuhkan :
a. Sumbu global struktur pada tiap element
b. DOF sesuai sumbu global struktur
c. Kesesuaian sb lokal element dengan DOF arah global
d. Matriks Transformasi [R] dan [RT] tiap element
a. Displacement titik sumbu global struktur pada tiap element

Element
1
2
3

1
4

i
2
5

3
6

4
7

j
5
8

3
3

4
d1

5
d2

b. DOF sesuai sumbu global struktur

Global axis
DOF

1
1

2
2

c. Kesesuaian SB LOKAL element dengan SB GLOBAL dan DOF arah global

Local Axis
1
2
Element ke
1
1
2
Element ke
2
d1.CxCy+d2CxCy
d1.CxCy+d2CxCy
Element ke
3
Element #1
Local axis
1
Global axis
1
DOF
0
Element #2
Local axis
1
Global axis 4.Cx 5Cy
DOF
d1Cx

2
0

3
0

5
0

6
d2

3
3
d3

4
d1
d1.CxCy+d2CxCy

4
4
d1

5
5
d2

4
7
0

5
8
0

d. Matriks Transformasi [R] dan [RT] tiap element

Element 1:
R=

cos 1

sin 1

- sin 1

cos 1

0
1

0
0
cos 1

0
0
sin 1

0
0

0
0

0
0

- sin 1

cos 1

cos 1

sin 1

- sin 1

cos 1

0
1

0
0
cos 1

0
0
sin 1

0
0

0
0

0
0

- sin 1

cos 1

Element 2:
R=

Element 3:
R=

cos 1

sin 1

- sin 1

cos 1

0
1

0
0
cos 1

0
0
sin 1

0
0

0
0

0
0

- sin 1

cos 1

Hitung matriks kekakuan batang 1 [SM1] ===> DALAM SUMBU LOKAL

Batang =
1
Elemen dalam matriks kekakuan batang :
EA / L
4.EI / L
2.EI / L 6.EI / L^2 12.EI / L^3
6.29E+05 2.24E+09 1.12E+09 8.38E+06
4.19E+04
Cx =
Cy =

[SM1] =

cos theta =
sin theta =

1
0

Local axis
1
2

1
2
3
628800
0
0
0 41921.31 8384262

4
5
-628800
0
0 -41921.31

3
4
5
6

0 8384262 2.2E+009
-628800
0
0
0 -41921.31 -8384262
0 8384262 1.1E+009

0 -8384262
628800
0
0 41921.31
0 -8384262

Hitung matriks kekakuan batang 2 [SM2] ===> DALAM SUMBU LOKAL

Batang =
2
Elemen dalam matriks kekakuan batang :
EA / L
4.EI / L
2.EI / L 6.EI / L^2 12.EI / L^3
4.45E+05 1.58E+09 7.90E+08 4.19E+06
1.48E+04
Cx =
Cy =

cos theta =
sin theta =

0.707107
-0.707107

Local axis
1
2
3
1
444628.7
0
0
2
0 14821.42 4192131
[SM2] =

3
4
5
6

4
5
-444628.744
0
0 -14821.42

0 4192131 1.6E+009
0 -4192131
-444629
0
0 444628.74401
0
0 -14821.42 -4192131
0 14821.42
0 4192131 7.9E+008
0 -4192131

MATRIKS KEKAKUAN STRUKTUR [SMS]

Urutkan sesuai sumbu global/struktur dengan DOF yang didahulukan

DOF
Global axis

4
5
6
7
[SMS] =

1
1

2
2

3
3

d1
4

d2
5

d1
4
858525.1
-214904
2964284
-229725

d2
5
-214904
271646.4
-5419978
214903.7

d3
6
2964284
-5419978
3.8E+009
-2964284

d4
7
-229725.0826
214903.66136
-2964284.258
229725.08265

d5
9
2964284
2964284
7.9E+008
-2964284

9 2964284 2964284 7.9E+008 -2964284.258 1.6E+009

1 -628800
0
0
0
0
2
0
-41921.31 8384262
0
0
3
0
-8384262 1.1E+009
0
0
8 214903.7 -229725 -2964284 -214903.6614 -2964284
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

Hitung Matriks Beban Joint/ Nodal

Nodal forces:
a. - Akibat beban di sepanjang bentang (kedua ujung dikekang)
Element:

[AML]1

Element:

0
20000

Local axis
1
2

1333333
0
20000
-1333333

3
4
5
6

0
0

Local axis
1
2

0
0
0
0

3
4
5
6

[AML]2

Susun matriks beban ekivalen

-Ae =

Joint
1
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
3

Sb Global Element 1
1
0
2
20000
3
1333333
4
0
5
20000
6
-1333333
7
0
8
0
9
0

Element 2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

b. - Akibat Beban di joint (kedua ujung dikekang)

Aj =

Joint
1
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
3

Sb Global
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

DOF
1
2
3
d1
d2
d3
d4
8
d5

0
0
0
500
0
0
0
0
0

c. - Beban kombinasi atau gabungan (Ae + Aj)

Ac =

Joint
1
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
3

Sb Global
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

DOF
1
2
3
d1
d2
d3
d4
8
d5

0
-20000
-1333333.333
0
-20000
1333333.3333
0
0
0

Displacement / Deformasi Struktur

DF = SFF-1.AFC

DF =

Reactions:

d1

0.0008

d2
d3
d4
d5

=
=
=
=

-0.4404
-0.0003
0.4318
0.0018

GAYA-GAYA DALAM UJUNG ELEMEN

Batang:

Deformasi struktur dalam arah SUMBU GLOBAL di batang 1, sbb :

Tentukan no. Sb global dahulu
1
1
0
2
2
0
[DMS]1 =
3
3
0
4
5
6

d1
d2
d3

0.000795
-0.440394
-0.000312

Gaya ujung batang

AM 1 = AML 1 + SM 1 . M 1
0
20000
[AM1] =

1333333
0
20000
-1333333

Batang:

628800
0

0
41921.31

0
8384262

0
-628800
0
0

8384262
0
-41921.31
8384262

2.2E+009
0
-8384262
1.1E+009

Deformasi struktur dalam arah SUMBU GLOBAL di batang 2, sbb :

Tentukan no. Sb global dahulu
4
d1
0.000795
5
d2
-0.440394
[DMS]2 =
6
d3
-0.000312
7
8
9

d4
8
d5

0.431847
0
0.00179

Gaya ujung batang

AM 2 = AML 2 + SM 2 . M 2
0
0
[AM2] =

SELESAI

0
0
0
0

444628.7
0
0
0
14821.421289 4192131
+

0
4192131
1.6E+009
-444629
0
0
0
-14821.42129 -4192131
0
4192131
7.9E+008

versi buku matlab

Defined DOF
after boundary conditions

45
Batang 2 :
A2 =

120 m2
E = 2.10E+06 t/m2
I2 = 1.07E+05 m4

L2 = 565.6854 cm
theta2 =
315 degrees

TAN

SIN
COS

0.707107
0.707107

Cx
Cy
1
0
0.707107 -0.707107

Global/Sumbu Struktur
7
0

3
8
0

9
0

6
9

==> Global axis

==> Global axis
==> Global axis

6
d3

7
d4

8
8

9
d5

n DOF arah global

5
d2
d1.CxCy+d2CxCy

6
d3
9

<=== DOF sesuai sb global

<=== DOF sesuai sb global
<=== DOF sesuai sb global

6
6
d3

6
9
0

Uraian sb global :
Uraian sb 4 = 1.Cx + 2.Cy
Uraian sb 5 = 1.Cy + 2.Cx
Uraian sb 7 = 4.Cx + 5.Cy
Uraian sb 8 = 4.Cy + 5.Cx

[R] =

0
0

0
0

1
0

0
1

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
1

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

1
0

0
1

0.707107 -0.707107

0.707107 0.707107
0
0

0
1

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0
0

[R] =

0.707107 -0.707107

0
1

0
0

0
0

0
0

0.707107 0.707107
0
0

0
1

[R] =

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
1

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
1

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
1

6
0
8384262
1.1E+009
0
-8384262
2.2E+009

[SMS1] =

Global axis
1
2

1
2
3
1
2
3
628800
0
0
0 41921.31 8384262

d1
4
-628800
0

3
4
5
6

0 8384262 2.2E+009
-628800
0
0
0 -41921.31 -8384262
0 8384262 1.1E+009

0
628800
0
0

d1
6

d3

d4

Global axis
4
5
6
7
4 229725.1 -214904 2964284 -229725
5 -214904 229725.1 2964284 214903.7

0
4192131
7.9E+008
0
-4192131
1.6E+009

d2

[SMS2] =

6 2964284 2964284 1.6E+009 -2964284

7 -229725 214903.7 -2964284 229725.1
8 214903.7 -229725 -2964284 -214904
9 2964284 2964284 7.9E+008 -2964284

d3
6

d4
7

8
8

d5
9

0
0

0
0

0
0

1
2
3
8
1
2
3
8
-628800
0
0
214903.7
0
-41921.31 -8384262 -229725
0
8384262 1.1E+009 -2964284
0
0
0
-214904
0
628800
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
-2964284
0
0
0
41921.31 8384262
0
8384262 2.2E+009
0
0
0
229725.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1
0

0
1

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

1
0
0
0

0
1
0
0

0
0
1
0

0
0
0
1

0
0

0
0

0.707107 0.707107
-0.707107 0.707107
=

0
0
0
0

d1
d2
d3
d4

9
1
2
3
8
0
0
0

d5
1
2
3
8

AMS 2 = RT . AML 2

Transformasi sb lokal ke global ==>

[AMS]2

4
5
6
7

AMS 1 = RT . AML 1

Transformasi sb lokal ke global ==>

[AMS]1

<=== Ditata ulang manual

0
0
0
0

0
0
1
0
0
0

0
0

0
0
0.707107 0.707107
-0.707107 0.707107
0
0

0
0
0
1

0
0
0
500
0
0
0
0
0

0
-20000
-1333333
500
-20000
1333333
0
0
0

0
20000
1333333
0
20000
-1333333
0
0
0

Ae =

0
-20000
-1333333
0
-20000
1333333
0
0
0

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

1
2
3
d1
d2
d3
d4
8
d5

Tata ulang Ac :

Ac =

d1
d2
d3
d4
d5
1
2
3
8

500
-20000
1333333
0
0
0
-20000
-1333333
0

Deformasi struktur dalam arah SUMBU LOKAL di batang 1, sbb :

M 1 = R . DMS 1

M 1 =

1
0

0
1

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

1
0
0
0

0
1
0
0

0
0
1
0

0
0
0
1

-628800
0
0
0
-41921.31 8384262
0
628800
0
0

-8384262 1.1E+009
0
0
41921.31 -8384262
-8384262 2.2E+009

0
0
x

0
20000

0
=
0.000795
-0.440394
-0.000312

1333333
0
20000
-1333333

-500
15846.19
+

3343619
500
-15846.19
2994857

Deformasi struktur dalam arah SUMBU LOKAL di batang 2, sbb :

M 2 = R . DMS 2
0.707107 -0.707107
0.707107 0.707107
M 2 =

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

-444629
0
0
0
-14821.42 4192131
0
-4192131 7.9E+008
444628.7
0
0
0
14821.42 -4192131
0
-4192131 1.6E+009

0
0
1
0
0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0
0.707107 -0.707107
0.707107 0.707107
0
0

0.311968
-0.310843

0
0

-0.000312 =
0.305362
0.305362
0.00179

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
1

2937.187
-2937.187
+

-1661524
-2937.187
2937.187
-5E-010

ATAN

45

ASIN
ACOS

45
45

[R]T =

[R]T =

0
0

1
0

0
1

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

1
0

0
1

0.707107 0.707107

-0.707107 0.707107
0
0

0
1

0
0

0
0

0
0

0.707107 0.707107

0
0

0
0

0
0

-0.707107 0.707107
0
0

0
1

[R]T =

0
0

0
0

0
1

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
1

8
9
214903.7 2964284.3
-229725 2964284.3

###
###

###
###

###
###

###
###

###
###

###
###

-2964284 790475802
-214904 -2964284
229725.1 -2964284
-2964284 1.58E+009

###
###
###
###

###
###
###
###

###
###
###
###

###
###
###
###

###
###
###
###

###
###
###
###

d2
5
0
-41921.31

d3
6
0
8384262

-8384262 1.12E+009
0
0
41921.31 -8384262
-8384262 2.24E+009

d5

Cek:

OK

a ulang manual
###
###
###

Global axis
1
0
2
20000

0
20000
1333333
0
20000
-1333333

0
0
0
0
0
0

3
4
5
6

1333333
0
20000
-1333333

Global axis
4
5

0
0

6
7
8
9

0
0
0
0

###
###
###

###
###
###

0
0
0

Cek:

OK
0

0.00

-0.00021
0.000589

(0.44)
(0.00)

500.00
###
###

sb lokal
0
0
0
0.000795
-0.440394
-0.000312

0
0

1
2

DOF
1
2

0
0.000795
-0.440394
-0.000312

3
4
5
6

3
d1
d2
d3

sb lokal

-500
35846.19

DOF / sb global
1
1
2
2

-0.0005
0.035846

4676951.9
500
4153.8101
1661524

3
4
5
6

4.676952
0.0005
0.004154
1.661524

sb lokal DOF
0.311968
d1.CxCy+d2CxCy
1
-0.310843
d1.CxCy+d2CxCy
2

0.000795
-0.440394
-0.000312
0.431847
0
0.00179

3
d1
d2
d3

-0.000312
0.305362
0.305362
0.00179

3
d3
d1.CxCy+d2CxCy
4
d1.CxCy+d2CxCy
5
6
9

Cek :

(0.75)
0.31
0.31
0.74
-

sb lokal DOF / sb global

2937.1873
d1.CxCy+d2CxCy
1
-2937.187
d1.CxCy+d2CxCy
2

0.002937
-0.002937

-1661524
-2937.187
2937.1873
-4.66E-010

-1.661524
-0.002937
0.002937
-5E-016

3
d3
d1.CxCy+d2CxCy
4
d1.CxCy+d2CxCy
5
6
9

Cek :

[R]T [SM] [R]

1
0

0
1

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

628800
0

0
41921.31

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

1
0
0
0

0
1
0
0

0
0
1
0

0
0
0
1

0
8384262
-628800
0
0
-41921.31
0
8384262

0.707107 0.707107

444628.7

-0.707107 0.707107
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
1

0
14821.42
0
4192131
-444629
0
0
-14821.42
0
4192131

[R]T [SM] [R]

0
0
0
0
0.70710678 0.707107
-0.7071068 0.707107
0
0

OK
OK

-0.0005
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