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Endocrine System
15.3 Metabolism
Bio 30

Case Study: Andre the Giant

What condition does Andre have?

In what ways, does it affect his life?

Daily life?

Health?

Lifespan?

Emotional Effects?

What is the treatment for this

condition?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nj
ZBYfNpWoE

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A story about a man

Robert Wadlow

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_W
adlow

Growth Hormone (hGH)

Produced

by anterior pituitary

Stimulates

skeleton

Problems

elongation of

with levels:
Hyposecretion:
Too little hGH dwarfism
Hypersecretion:
Too much hGH gigantism (if
high only as child)
Too much hGH acromegaly
(if high as adult)

Human Growth Hormone

(hGH)
Excessive

amounts during adulthood leads to

acromegaly (hypersecretion)
Bones begin to widen since plates have already
fused and cannot grow in length

Untreated:
Cardiovascular disease
Sugar intolerance (diabetes)
Muscle weakness
Colon cancer
Breathing problems

hGH

increases cell size (hypertrophy) and

connective tissues by promoting synthesis while
inhibiting protein degradation or breakdown.
Hyperplasia- increasing the number of cells

As

a person ages, hGH declines and cellular

repair and protein replacement are compromised.
As one ages, protein is replaced by fat, causing
changes in the bodys shape

This is clearly a problem

Your

body is trying to achieve a

balance, a homeostasis

Page

471

Look

at the four graphs.

What

conclusions can you draw?

This is clearly a problem

Endocrine

systems main job is to maintain a

balanced internal environment

Deviations

from the normal condition are

USUALLY corrected

What

are some examples?

(try balancing with your eyes closed)

Examples: The body works best at:

a temperature of 37C
0.1% blood glucose
blood pH of 7.35

How does the body

prevent things from
going out of control?
Control
Three

mechanisms

parts:
Receptors, modulator (coordinating center),
and effectors

Homeostatic

control mechanisms can be

divided into 2 groups:
1. Negative Feedback
2. Positive Feedback
Read pg 472

Negative

feedback: most common, an

imbalance causes a corrective action to
restore body to its original state
Ex: body temperature (furnace), hormones

Positive

Feedback: process by which a

small effect is amplified, it perpetuates itself
Ex: fever, hormones released by mother
when a baby suckles

Its game time!

Using your cue cards decide whether each of the following

systems is an example of positive or negative feedback

You will get a 30 second discussion period before you must

play your card!

Negative or Positive Feedback?

Negative or Positive Feedback?

Negative or Positive Feedback?

Negative or Positive Feedback?

Negative or Positive Feedback?

Negative or Positive Feedback?

Negative or Positive Feedback?

Negative or Positive Feedback?

+ How are hormones controlled?

Feedback Loops
Hormone
production must
have a turn-off
switch

If

hormones are
not shut off, they
can have serious
health problems

Negative Feedback Loop

Hypothalamus,

anterior
pituitary (release hGH),
liver (releases growth
factors), stimulate
muscle, bone and fat cells

Lets

Draw It!

Practice Questions:

1. Define homeostasis in your own

words.

2. Use the example of a thermostat to

explain homeostasis.
3. Think of an example of a positive
and a negative feedback loop in
everyday life.