www.theurbn.

com/2011/09/synthetic-biology-engineering-life-or-engineering-for-better-life/sythetic-biology/

10. Disease and Immunity

Vaccination
LO To explain how we achieve immunity through vaccination

Starter: Discuss with the

person next to you how you
think this graph is linked to how
a vaccine works.

Vaccine video clip

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/
science/21c/keeping_healthy/antibiotics_d
rug_testingrev1.shtml
Video 2 >

What are vaccines?

People can be immunized against a disease with a vaccine.

This makes them less likely to get ill from the disease.
Vaccines contain a small amount of dead or weakened
pathogen particles.
A vaccine stimulates the production of
antibodies and memory cells that act
against the target pathogen, without
making the person ill.
If a vaccinated person is later infected by
the same pathogen, their immune system
can destroy it very quickly.

Complete summary activity on Vaccinations

Collective responsibility

If 95% of children had the MMR jab, the

diseases could be wiped out in the UK.
This is called herd immunity.
Diseases find it very hard to spread if
a large proportion of the population is
immune to the disease.

In some countries, vaccination is compulsory.

In the US, a child cannot enter school unless they have
been vaccinated, or obtained an exemption.
In 2008, parents in Belgium were sentenced to prison
for not allowing their child to have the compulsory
polio vaccination.
What do you think?

Would you change your answer to the

plenary now that you have acquired new
knowledge?

www.theurbn.com/2011/09/synthetic-biology-engineering-life-or-engineering-for-better-life/sythetic-biology/

10. Disease and Immunity

Vaccination
LO To explain how we achieve immunity through vaccination
Read the No jabs, No school news article. Underline any facts and
circle opinions.

A
question
of
risk
Scientists can never determine that a drug or vaccine is
100% safe or completely risk free. With vaccines, genetic
differences might lead to some people experiencing
unexpected side effects.
However, vaccines are not used unless
doctors are sure that the probability of
something going wrong is very low.
What is an acceptable level of risk?
How do you think the following factors affect the decision as
to whether a vaccine should be used?
how severe the potential side effects are
how serious the disease is, if caught.

Paper 6
Discuss with your partner what you usually get marks
for when drawing graphs for paper 6.

Paper 6

Discuss with your partner what you usually get marks for when
drawing graphs for paper 6.
Are you missing any?
O Orientation is the independent and dependent variables the correct
way around?
A Axes labels are the axes labelled correctly and have you included
units?
S Scale it is correct and evenly spaced? Does it fill at least half the
page in both directions?
P Plots have you plotted each point ACCURATLY and CORRECTLY?
L Line have you done a line of best fit (or curve of best fit) with a
sharp pencil?
If it is a bar chart you get a mark for bars that are even width and evenly
spaced.

Draw both the graphs and draw a conclusion from the data.

Complete exam question

Homework: Complete homework sheets