PROBLEMS. 9 8%. Problem. —Given the latitude of the place, and the declination and zenith distance of a body, to find its hour dangle and azimuth. ‘Applying the first two of equations (4) to the trianglé PZS, Vig, 2, making a= instead of 9° —h, as before, we find sinty Pa tiB l= OO" —Jsin[o— 81. (a4 703 5008 . sin [s — (90° — ¢)] sin (#—2) sory = tale Onn =) @ in which 24(0° — 8) +(00" — sat FOP— DFO 9) 00" + 4-4-8). Hence $22 +4 4-2) — 2 54648), 1 = 9)=4 6-9-4 $=46+6-3), 1-00 — =H E- 4-94 Fab E-9 49). By the substitution of these values, (24) and (25) become inty pH E—$-+8) sind +48) sn corseong 14 2a DEE+$—B code +H +d) int “Gos ¢ sins ew the expressions required. 85. Problem.—Given the latitude of the place, and the hour angle and declination of a body, to find its azimuth and altitude Suppose the azimuth to be reckoned from the south point. ‘Wo havo Z= 180° — 27, whence sin Z=sin Z, cos Z= —c0s2, ‘which values substituted in (5), (8), and (11), reduce them to coshsin 2! = cos 8 sin P (28) sink=sin3sin+00s8.cosgoosP (29) 08 hcos Z' = —sin 8cos # +cos8singcosP (30) Google10 SPHERICAL PROBLEMS. Make — sind=msin @ and cos 8cos P= mcos (82) then (29) and (30) beoome sin A= m (sin ¢ sin M+ 008 ¢ cos 2f) = moos ($=) co) 08 os Z7 =m (sin 008 Wf — cos sin 2) sin($—M) ey Dividing (31) by (32) ao cos P oo Dividing (28) by (84), tan Za 9088 ” but from (32), 088 _ cos M mcs F cos Mtan P hence B= ain(6— BM) (36) Dividing (84) by (88), cos Z 2 a tan ($—), cos 2 whence tan = oe er ‘Equations (85), (86), and (87) solve the problem. 38. To show that we are at liberty to make the assump- tions expressed in (81) and (82), we observe that if we have any two real quantities, positive or negative, as # and y, wo may put eamsind, y=mcos M5 ‘as wo then have a+ y= mt (sin? M+ 00st AL) = mi, Google