CHAPTER II. CONVERSION OF TIME,—HOUR ANGLES, Cosversiox or Trem, 99. Sideroal and Solar Days.—A sidereal day is tho interval between two successive meridian passages of the vernal equinox. An apparent solar day is the interval between two suooessive meridian passages of the sun's center. A mean solar day is the average length of all the apparent solar days in a tropical year. 40. Equation of Time.—The equation of time is 0 quane tity which, being aided to the apparent solar time, gives the mean solar time. Hence the mean time may be found from the apparent by adding the equation of time, that is, applying it according to its sign; and the apparent time may be found from the mean by applying the equation of time with a contrary sign. ‘The value of the equation of time for any day may be found from the solar ephemeris, or tables of the sun in the ‘Nantical Almanao. 41, Moan Solar and Sidereal Intervals. —‘The tropical year contains, according to Bessel, 365.2422 mean solar Gays. But since the sun makes an apparent revolution from west to east in the ecliptic in a year, it loses one diurnal revolution from east to west, in comparison with the fixed stars; hence there are just ono more sidereal than solar days in a year; namely. 368.24222, Googlea forves08 UF om Weave wen, WE me om OE a or Fewer wo @ aud Done. Guy = 2 LG muy be pet ca the oem A wiier oy m3 wi Gey — IE BE i. thes Sine a eideread day, hows. eu. ie shemer tham a solar day, hour, ete, a given ietervi: = ccutain more sidereal than solar days or house. Hosice St flows from (1), that any interral expressed in mean solar time may be changed into its siderval equivaent by multiplying by 1.002779; and from (4) that any cidereal interval may be changed into its mean sclar equivalent by multiplying by 0.991206, If then we put ‘any mean solar interval, ‘8 equivalent sidereal interval ; then 5 = 10027519 M = (1 +0.0027379) 35, = 0.98726065 = (1 —0.0027304) 8. Yur em0.0027879, =.0.0027304, su we have SeM+oM; Mas—es. ® ‘Tho valuos of ef nnd eS may be taken from the annexed tablos, which ary reduce from a larger table in the American Xphomeri veneer Cagle