Hci02 HumanFactor Users

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Human-Computer Interaction
the human factor
http://usabilitygeek.com/an-introduction-to-website-usability-testing/
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/
The world is divided into people

who think that theyre right.
Diedre McGrath
Reality
Multiple interaction idioms
Jenifer Tidwell, 2006
Reality
many familiar types/styles of user interfaces
Reality
command-line languages
instructions, keywords, abbreviations, special symbols,
I/O mechanisms
Reality
a classical UNIX console see @climagic on Twitter

Reality
interactive forms + spreadsheets
Reality
menus
pop-up menus
Reality
direct manipulation + hypertext
Reality
natural interaction
typical examples: gestures, natural language (e.g., speech)
Reality
natural interaction
conversational UI (CUI)
apps as chats
examples: interconnected.org/home/2015/06/16/conversational_uis
Reality
each has its own vocabulary of items, actions,
sensorial e.g., visual, auditory representations
Reality
each has its own vocabulary of items, actions,
sensorial e.g., visual, auditory representations
user experience (UX)
Reality
forms
text editors
graphic editors
spreadsheets
Web browsers
calendars
Reality
multimedia players
charts
immersive games
Web pages
social (virtual) environments
e-commerce/e-business applications
Reality
Heterogeneity of existing platforms
Jean Vanderdonckt, 2006
Reality
Heterogeneity of existing platforms
desktop (personal) computers
mobile devices: smartphone, tablet, automobile
output means: printer, fax, advertising screen etc.
home appliances e.g., (smart) TV, washing machine,
wearable devices: watch, camera etc.
social-oriented devices: ATM, info kiosk, photo booth
entertainment platforms e.g., Blu-ray player, Wii, XBox
Reality
Variety of performed tasks
Reality
Nokia findings in the mobile context (2007):
blogging, browsing, chatting, downloading, e-banking,
instant messaging, playing games,
searching: locations, people,
Reality
domain-oriented tasks:
business, programming, research, studying, training etc.
Reality
Multiple contexts
Reality
Multiple contexts
at work
examples: business & office applications, IDEs, tools, etc.

Reality
Multiple contexts
at home
examples: entertainment & leisure software

multimedia players, social networks, games,
Reality
Multiple contexts
during travelling
examples: PIMs, planners, geo-related services,

instant messaging software, recommenders,
Reality
Multiple contexts
specific locations
concert places, hospitals, malls, restaurants,
examples: smart apps/services provided by

mobile and/or wearable devices/appliances
discussion
In which context, tablet computers

(and related devices) could be the best choice?
case study: iPad http://pttrns.com/ipad
Reality
User volume and diversity
Reality
User volume and diversity
traditional users
a community of interest vs. population of a country
+
special users
having certain disabilities and/or needs
How about users?
http://buffalobillgates.tumblr.com/
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu
Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/
Knowing users
Who is the user?
Knowing users
Probably, we do not like her/him!
Knowing users
We must discuss with her/him
Knowing users
We need to observe her/him
e.g., RUM (real user monitoring)

a case-study: http://community.hpe.com/t5/BusinessService-Management/Deep-Diving-End-UserExperience/ba-p/6833418
Knowing users
The user is the person who
directly interact to the (software) product/service
Knowing users
involve others to use the product/service
Knowing users
obtain output from a given product/service
Knowing users
is making decisions regarding the acquisition
of a product/service
Knowing users
is using the product/service
provided by our competitor
Knowing users
User types (Eason, 1987)
primary
directly involved in the use of the product
(frequent hands-on beneficiary)
Knowing users
secondary
occasionally and/or indirectly uses the product/service
Knowing users
tertiary
affected by a product/service presentation
or influenced by a certain product/service
Knowing users
Identifying characteristics of the user population
demographics
age, gender, ethnicity
+
psychological profile
Knowing users
education
elementary school vs. doctoral studies
Knowing users
physical abilities
senses & perception e.g., visual acuity
(short/long-term) memory
anatomic features: length of arms, height, muscles,
Knowing users
computer-related abilities
general knowledge regarding the use of computers
or the target platform e.g., a specific game console
Knowing users
computer-related abilities
aspect of interest:
technophobic persons
Knowing users
skills
reading
using devices keyboard, mouse, remote control,
interpreting the output
etc.
Knowing users
experience related to the application domain
Users without prior knowledge about

semantic Web can understand
and operate this user interface?
Knowing users
experience regarding
the type of (software) product/service
Knowing users
working environment
+
other social factors
Knowing users
relations with other persons
+
the use of communication patterns (1:1, 1:n, m:n)
discussion
Web application providing online communication

services used in the context of winter Olympic games
discussion

user population
main user categories: athletes, their friends & families,
administration personnel, audience, sport reporters,
discussion

interaction
types of devices: desktop PCs, mobile phones,
info kiosks, public screens,
Web-friendly devices (smart phones, tablets),
discussion

conveying information
multiple formats
charts
rich versus limited data/interaction
search possibilities
filtering
reusing e.g., sharing data to other apps/services
etc.
Knowing users
techniques:
user surveys
interviews
(in)direct observations: user tracking, feedback
real user testing
Knowing users
techniques:
user surveys
interviews
(in)direct observations: user tracking, feedback
real user testing
user research
Knowing users
http://www.nngroup.com/articles/which-ux-research-methods/
Knowing users
Remark:
a software application could have
multiple audiences
Knowing users
Remark (Rogers, 2007):
there are few cases
when users really know what they want
Knowing users
Remark (Rogers, 2007):
natural tasks must be anticipated by software
on the basis of the perceived users behavior
Knowing users
Remark (Raskin, 2000):
few persons could pretend that newer products
are easier to be used than old ones
Knowing users
Laws of human-computer interaction
(Jeff Raskin, 2000)
a computer shall not harm your work or,
through inaction, allow your work
to come to harm
www.flickr.com/groups/insults/
Knowing users
Laws of human-computer interaction
(Jeff Raskin, 2000)
a computer shall not waste your time or
require you to do more work
than is strictly necessary
Knowing users
User InterfaceHumane Interface
(Raskin, 2000)
an interface is humane if it is responsive to
human needs and considerate of human frailties
Knowing users
User InterfaceHumane Interface
(Raskin, 2000)
an interface is humane if it is responsive to
human needs and considerate of human frailties
existing UIs are too complex for the majority of users
Utilizatorii
thanks to our graduate Alexandru Rugin

Can we model users?

Cognition
Cognition is a knowledge acquisition process
to understand the external world
via sensation, perception, and reasoning
Wang, 2008
Cognition
Wang, 2008
Cognition
Wang, 2008
Cognition
Cognitive engineering is a software engineering
principle that states the cognitive complexity and
human intelligent manageability should be
addressed as the dominant problem in almost
all processes of software design, implementation,
and maintenance
Wang, 2008
Cognition
Cognitive informatics
Wang, 2002
Cognition
Important aspects:
knowledge
behaviors
experience
skills
Cognition
Important aspects:
knowledge
behaviors
experience
skills
modeling the user
Cognition
Cognitive abilities define, in an abstract manner,
the model of a user
Utilizatorii
Cognition
5 major senses:
sight ophthalmoception
hearing audioception
touch tactioception
taste gustaoception
smell olfacception
www.tutis.ca/Senses/
Cognition
Non-traditional senses:
balance equilibrioception
temperature thermoception
kinesthetic sense proprioception
pain nociception
time chronoception
Cognition
Non-human senses
(not analogous to human senses):
echolocation
electroreception
magnetoception
Cognition
Card, Moran & Newell, 1983; Wickens, 1984

Cognition
Memory
short-term (working) memory
+
long-term memory
Cognition
Memory
data codification
types of stored things, associations
Cognition
Memory
capacity
number of remembered things
Cognition
Memory
duration (decay time)
how long a thing persists into memory
Cognition
Memory
visual data
codification = images
no pixels, but physical properties: edges, curves, lengths
capacity: 717 symbols
decay: ~200 ms
the need of visual representation

http://www.interaction-design.org/encyclopedia/visual_representation.html
RDFSpecies
by C. Serban
& D. A. Popovici (2012)
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu
Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/
Cognition
Memory
audio data
codification = sounds
capacity: ~5
decay: ~1500 ms
Cognition
Memory
audio data is pre-intentional
What youre saying?...
Cognition: perception
Bottom-up perception
uses stimuli
Top-down perception
based on context
spatial and/or temporal data
influence over long-term memory

Chunk = perceptual/cognitive unit
Chunk division e.g., grouping depends on
the user background knowledge and
how data is presented
Chunk division e.g., grouping depends on
the user background knowledge and
how data is presented
remember IA?
Common technique:
TLA (Three-Letter Acronyms)
Chunking example:
BMWRCAAOLIBMFBI
MWR CAA OLI BMF BIB
BMW RCA AOL IBM FBI
Common technique:
the codification of unrelated digits
uses 24 chunks
Users memorize phone numbers by grouping:
0232201090
0232 20 10 90
Working memory:
capacity: 7 2 chunks George Miller
decay: 7 sec. (5226 sec.)repetitions
Working memory:
capacity: 7 2 chunks George Miller
decay: 7 sec. (5226 sec.)repetitions
influenced by interferences
anterograde amnesia inability to store new memories

Memento (2000): http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0209144/
Long-time memory:
elaborate repetitions move chunks
from working memory to long-time memory
via connections (associations) with other chunks
Long-time memory:
elaborate repetitions move chunks
from working memory to long-time memory
via connections (associations) with other chunks
influenced by context
Recognition versus recall
representations must easily be
perceived and recognized
metaphors + idioms
discussion
from icons & symbols to visual metaphors
discussion
discussion
discussion
visual metaphors and/or idioms?

discussion
Metaphors create insight. But they also distort.

They have strengths. But they also have limitations.
Gareth Morgan
http://www.orangecone.com/archives/2010/05/smart_things_ch_7.html
discussion
the use of metaphors and idioms

in the context of wearable devices
humans remember visual properties of things
e.g., color, shape,
humans have difficulties in memorizing/recalling
arbitrary data
e.g., phone numbers, software serial numbers
UIs must facilitate recognition
users tend to annotate things
using external means to modify
existing (mental, internal) representations
users tend to annotate things
using external means to modify
existing (mental, internal) representations
examples:
underlining words, taking written/electronic notes,
cognitive tracing
implies external manipulation of things
in order to (re)structure or (re)arrange them
cognitive tracing
implies external manipulation of things
in order to (re)structure or (re)arrange them
examples:
scrabble, bookmarking, tagging, etc.
discussion
UIs must offer external representations of
the concepts used by the software
decreasing the cognitive overload

Graphic
Correspondence
Design Uses
Resources
Shape
Mark position,
Literal
identify category
Orientation
(visual imitation of
(shape, texture color)
physical features)
Size
Indicate direction
Mapping
(orientation, line)
Marks
Texture
(quantity,
relative scale)
Express magnitude
Saturation
(saturation, size, length)
Conventional
Color
(arbitrary)
Simple symbols and
color codes
Line
graphical representations in the context of UI design

Alan Blackwell (2011)

Graphic
Correspondence
Design Uses
Resources
Geometric
Topological (linking)
elements
Texts and symbolic
Depictive
calculi
Letter forms (pictorial conventions)
Diagram elements
Logos and
Figurative
Symbols
icons
(metonym, visual puns)
Branding
Picture
elements
Connective
elements
Connotative
(professional and
cultural association)
Visual rhetoric
Definition of
regions
Acquired


Graphic
Correspondence
Design Uses
Resources
Alignment
Identifying shared
grids
Containment
membership
Borders and
frames
Regions
Area fills
White space
Gestalt
integration
Separation
Framing
(composition,
photography)
Segregating or
nesting multiple
surface conventions
in panels
Layering
Accommodating
labels, captions
or legends


Graphic
Correspondence
Design Uses
Resources
Literal (map)
The plane
Typographic
layouts
Euclidean
Material object
(scale and angle)
on which the
Graphs & charts
marks are
Metrical
imposed
Relational diagrams
(quantitative axes)
Surfaces (paper, stone)
Juxtaposed or ordered Visual interfaces
Mounting,
(regions, catalogues)
orientation and
Secondary
display context
notations
Image-schematic
Display medium Embodied/situated
Signs and displays

http://worrydream.com/
Attention
humans can focus
using their perceptual processor
on a single input channel at a given moment
Attention
humans can focus
using their perceptual processor
on a single input channel at a given moment
spotlight metaphor
Attention
the spotlight could track
multiple input communication channels
in sequential manner only
Attention
visual attention is more important
than the aural one
Attention
within a input channel,
the stimuli are processed in parallel
Attention
within a input channel,
the stimuli are processed in parallel
interferences
Please, indicate the color of each word:
book
painting
ballet
penguin
astringent
melon
green
yellow
white
magenta
red
blue
green
yellow
white
magenta
red
blue
interferences the Stroup effect
Cognition
Cognitive processor
the brain compares stimuli and selects a response
human-computer
interaction
human-computer
interaction
human-computer
interaction
human-computer
interaction
human-computer
interaction
human-computer
interaction
human-computer
interaction
human-computer
interaction
for details, see www.slideshare.net/andresbaravalle/im2044-week-2-lecture

Cognition
Cognitive processor
the decision making process is based on
skills, rules, and knowledge
Cognition
Cognitive processor
skill-based decision making
learning by doing: walking, talking, driving, etc.
Cognition
Cognitive processor
skill-based decision making
learning by doing: walking, talking, driving, etc.
influenced by age
Cognition
Cognitive processor
rule-based decision making
e.g., social rules of proper manners
If Ill see an elderly person, then Ill politely say Hello.

Cognition
Cognitive processor
rule-based decision making
e.g., social rules of proper manners
cultural factors
could be important
Cognition
Cognitive processor
knowledge-based decision making
uses the prior background knowledge,
even in unfamiliar/unexpected situations
experiment
Try to compute the two mathematical expressions below:

74 + 46
LXXIV + XLVI
in your head
by using a piece of paper
with a calculator
experiment
Try to compute the two mathematical expressions below:

74 + 46
LXXIV + XLVI
in your head
by using a piece of paper
with a calculator
Which is easiest and why?

Cognition
User multi-tasking
attention is a resource that could be shared
in order to perform multiple activities
in the same time
Cognition
User multi-tasking
depends on the activity structure:
multi-modality
e.g., visual + auditory + tactile interaction
Cognition
User multi-tasking
codification
e.g., spatial data versus spoken data
Cognition
User multi-tasking
involved components
using perceptual/cognitive processor
versus
motor processor
Cognition
User multi-tasking
involved components
example:
playing chess versus pinball
Cognition
User multi-tasking
depends on the difficulty:
well-practiced tasks are more easily performed
Cognition
User multi-tasking
depends on the difficulty:
well-practiced tasks are more easily performed
example: its easier to ride the bike on an empty street
Cognition
Motor processor
open-loop control
autonomic
sending the same directives to the muscles
no feedback from perceptual processor
cycle time: ~70 ms
Cognition
Motor processor
close-loop control
muscles movements or their effects are perceived
and compared to the desired result
cycle time: ~240 ms
Cognition
multimodal man-machine interaction model (Dumas et al., 2009)

Cognition
cognitive conscious
versus
cognitive unconscious
Property
Engaged by
Used in
Can handle
Accepts
Operates
Controls
Capacity
Persists for
Conscious
Novelty
Emergencies
Danger
New circumstances
Unconscious
Repetition
Expected Events
Safety
Routine situations
Nonbranching
Decisions
tasks
Logic or
Logical propositions
inconsistencies
Sequentially
Simultaneously
Volition
Habits
Tiny
Huge
Tenths of seconds Decades (lifelong)
Jef Raskin, The Humane Interface, Addison Wesley, 2000

Cognition
Distributed cognition
(Edwin Hutchins, 1995)
cognitive resources are shared socially in order

to extend individual cognitive resources or
to accomplish something that an individual agent
could not achieve alone

http://hci.ucsd.edu/hutchins/dcogAviation.html
Cognition
Guidelines (William Gribbons, 08)

Reading:
place information and instruction in context
employ lists
chunk information
present content in sequence

Reading:
maintain consistency in language and procedures
highlight critical/new information, information structure
use familiar terms, and avoid acronyms and jargon
discussion
Leet (1337) speak

like other languages, 1337 is dynamic
symbols as shapes and not as their meanings
common phonetic replacements + inconsistencies
many acronyms and random capitalization
M. Perea, J. Duabeitia, M. Carreiras, R34D1NG

W0RD5 W1TH NUMB3R5, Journal of Experimental
Psychology: Human
Perception and Performance, 2007

Reading:
use illustrations to complement text
avoid the gratuitous use of animations & other movement
use familiar typefaces

Reading:
allow user control to repeat output
avoid background noise with auditory output
maintain higher contrast
discussion
www.webpagesthatsuck.com/worst-over-the-top-websites-of-2014.html

Memory:
leverage existing knowledge, behaviors, and tasks
avoid splitting attention between two tasks
focus on the user goals
limit information and features to what is really needed

Memory:
partition tasks in reasonably sized groups
support mental calculations, decisions, and comparisons
limit choices

Memory:
complete information automatically in forms & fields
use mnemonics
minimize screen clutter

Memory:
provide extra time for tasks
eliminate the anxiety of timeouts
provide reminders
Empirical laws
Fitts Law (1954)
predicts the pointing (movement) average time
as a function of the distance to and
width of the given target
Empirical laws
Fitts Law (1954)
how fast we can move the mouse to point to
a given UI component having a specific size
Empirical laws
Fitts Law (1954)
T = a + b * log2 (2*D / S)
T = time, D = distance, S = size
Empirical laws
Fitts Law (1954)
consequence:
Mac OS X menu is more ergonomic
than the main menu of each window in Windows
Empirical laws
Fitts Law (1954)
consequence:
pie (radial) menus are more easily to be used
than pop-up linear ones
Empirical laws
Hicks Law (1952)
predicts the decision time for a set of choices
(e.g., in a menu)
Empirical laws
Hicks Law
T = b*log2 (n + 1)
T = average reaction time (entropy of the decision),
n = number of equally probably alternatives,
b = a constant to be empirically determined
discussion
Hicks law in the context of wizard (anti)pattern
http://designinginterfaces.com/patterns/wizard/
Empirical laws
Hicks Law
example measuring the users reaction time:
if a Web page has ~70 links, then the time used to make
a choice (i.e., visiting a link) will be ~105 seconds (70*1.5)
the more choices are eliminated,

the more enjoyable the experience will be
discussion
reducing the
number of choices
Twitters frontpage
(2010 vs. 2015)
Empirical laws
Steering Law
predicting the time of moving the hand through
a tunnel having the length D and width S
S
D
Empirical laws
Steering Law
T = a + b * D/S
the difficulty varies linearly, not logarithmic
guiding the mouse is harder than pointing it
Empirical laws
Steering Law
consequence: cascading menus are hard to be used
How can design interfaces

if we dont know the real audience
of the application?
https://uxmag.com/articles/revisiting-proto-personas-for-executive-alignment
Persona
By using laws and abstract models of the humans,
we can specify classes of users
personas
Persona
A precise description of the user of a system,
and of what (s)he wishes to accomplish
user archetype
Alan Cooper
www.cooper.com/journal/2008/05/the_origin_of_personas
Persona
Although personas are not real people,
they represent them throughout the design stage
(Blomkvist, 2002)
Persona
Although personas are not real people,
they represent them throughout the design stage
(Blomkvist, 2002)
creates a concrete profile of the typical user

(reliable & realistic representations of the key audience segments)
Persona
Danger of the average users
Persona
The design must be performed regarding
the necessities and goals of each user category
www.interaction-design.org/encyclopedia/personas.html
Persona
Important aspects:
age, abilities, ethnicity, social context, etc.
user profile
Master on
Software Engineering :: Human-Computer
Student
Tourist Interaction
Name
Age
Location
Social Life
Work Life
Goals
Single (wo)man
Andreea G.
Paul R.
Ioana P.
19
32
27
Iasi, Romania
Paris, France
Bucharest, Romania
For her, going to university
was a challenge because she Because his earnings are
had to leave home,
above average and because
separate from her parents he works at least 50 hours She doesnt have time for
and beginning the process
per week, when he has
dating wrong persons.
of finding her identity, as an some free time he likes to
adult, and her place in the
make the most of it.
world.
She is a student in
He works as a software
She is a hard working
her freshman year at
developer, but now he
woman.
Computer Science.
is on vacation.
A new city meant new He believes that the person From her point of view, this
people & new friends.
blesses the place. That is application is the perfect
That is why she was glad to way when he travels he
combination between
take part of a Social Speed thinks it is very important online dating and real life
event. From her point of to know and understand dating. She knew from the
view, its a fun way to
the residents. Because of
start that this was not a
A. Stanciu, I. Schiopu,
A. Grigoriu, I. Lazar (2011) aisquared.wordpress.com
Master on
Software Engineering :: Human-Computer
Student
Tourist Interaction
Name
Age
Location
Social Life
Work Life
Goals
Single (wo)man
Andreea G.
Paul R.
Ioana P.
19
32
27
Iasi, Romania
Paris, France
Bucharest, Romania
For her, going to university
was a challenge because she Because his earnings are
had to leave home,
above average and because
separate from her parents he works at least 50 hours She doesnt have time for
and beginning the process
per week, when he has
dating wrong persons.
of finding her identity, as an some free time he likes to
adult, and her place in the
make the most of it.
world.
She is a student in
He works as a software
She is a hard working
her freshman year at
developer, but now he
woman.
Computer Science.
is on vacation.
A new city meant new He believes that the person From her point of view, this
people & new friends.
blesses the place. That is application is the perfect
That is why she was glad to way when he travels he
combination between
a
persona
includes
name
take part of a Social Speed thinks it is very important onlineadating
and&
real life
event. From her point of toaknow
and understand
She knew from the
photo,
plus somedating.
demographics
view, its a fun way to
the residents. Because of
start that this was not a
A. Stanciu, I. Schiopu,
A. Grigoriu, I. Lazar (2011) aisquared.wordpress.com
microdata HTML5 template

http://profs.info.uaic.ro/~stefan.negru/personas/
personas for PaMI (Patient Monitoring Interface) project

A. Berila,
A. Bulai,Buraga
C. Chiric
& M. Plesca, 2012
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu
profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/
Persona
Remarks (Donald Norman, 2004)
the purpose of the persona is to add empathetic focus
to the design
the personas must reflect the target group
for the design team
Persona
Main processes:
conduct user research
condense the research
brainstorm (make classifications)proto-personas
refine
make them realistic
examples: http://uxmag.com/articles/using-proto-personas-for-executive-alignment
discussion
Its not important how smart users are;

its important to be effective
Stephen Turbek, 2011
http://boxesandarrows.com/are-your-users-s-t-u-p-i-d/
discussion
S.T.U.P.I.D. user
Stressed Tired Untrained Passive Independent Distracted
S.M.A.R.T. design
Simply Memorable Accept autopilot
Recovery Test in realistic situations
http://boxesandarrows.com/are-your-users-s-t-u-p-i-d/
Conclusion
human capacities, cognition,

modeling users, empirical laws, personas
next lecture: design models & methodologies


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Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

The world is divided into people

Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

a classical UNIX console see @climagic on Twitter

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

typical examples: gestures, natural language (e.g., speech)

Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

examples: business & office applications, IDEs, tools, etc.

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

examples: entertainment & leisure software

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

examples: PIMs, planners, geo-related services,

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

examples: smart apps/services provided by

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

In which context, tablet computers

Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

How about users?

Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction

Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/