Name: _______KEY________

Date: ______________

Unit 12 Test Review

1. List the levels of biological organization in order.
Cell Tissue Organ Organ System

2. List the four tropisms and describe what plant hormones are involved.
a. Phototropism - auxin is responsible for bending the stem
towards the sunlight.
b. Thigmotropism - auxin allows the stem to grow around
objects (vines). Ethylene is also responsible for many thigmotropic
reactions.
c. Geotropism/Gravitropism - Cytokinins are responsible for
seed germination.
d. Hydrotropism - Abscisic Acid is responsible for closing
stomas (multiple stomata) to prevent water loss.

3. List the four plant organs and describe their function.

a. Roots - anchor the plant and absorb water and minerals from
the soil.
b. Stem - provides structure and support and positions leaves
to collect sunlight.
c. Leaves - Trap sunlight to make glucose; also the site of gas
exchange (CO2 and O2).
d. Flowers - contain the reproductive structures.
4. There are three processes involved in the movement of water into, through, and
out of plants. Describe each one.
a. Osmosis - The diffusion of water from high to low
concentration. This is how water is able to enter the roots of a plant.
b. Capillary Action - The ability of water to flow up the xylem
(against gravity) without the use of energy. This is made possible by the

Name: _______KEY________
Date: ______________
properties of water: cohesion (water molecules sticking to each other) and
adhesion (water molecules sticking to other things).
c. Transpiration - The evaporation of water from the leaves of a
plant through the stomata. This process is like sucking on a straw in that
as water is evaporated, more is pulled up through the xylem.

5. Over time plants developed Vascular tissue which allowed for water, nutrients
and minerals to be transported throughout the plant. There are two types of vascular
tissue. What are they and what does each transport?
Xylem - transports water and minerals
Phloem - transports food/glucose
6. One nutrient/mineral that plants need is Nitrogen. Most plants have a mutualistic
relationship with bacteria that live on their roots because the bacteria is able to fix
nitrogen into a form usable to plants. What adaptation have some plants developed
instead of nitrogen-fixing bacteria?
Some plants, like the Venus Fly Trap, have adapted themselves to digest flies to
get these missing nutrients through thigmotropism.

7. The Stomata, a pore or opening on the bottom of leaves, is responsible for what
two critical processes for a plants survival?
Transpiration - evaporation of water to cool the leaf down
Gas Exchange - allow for release of Oxygen and entry of Carbon Dioxide.

8.

What organelle and process is responsible for synthesizing starch for a plant?

Chloroplast - Photosynthesis
(Remember Glucose is a Starch - Carbohydrate)

9. Compare and contrast Passive and Active Transport.

Passive - Does not require energy. Moves from High to Low Concentration.
Examples are Diffusion, Osmosis, Facilitated Diffusion.

Name: _______KEY________
Date: ______________
Active - Requires ATP. Goes from Low to High Concentration (against the
gradient). Examples are Protein Pumps, Endocytosis and Exocytosis.
Both - Forms of cellular transport that utilize the cell membrane and sometimes
membrane proteins.

10. In addition to chloroplasts, what other organelle(s) is/are involved in energy

conversion?
Mitochondria - site of Cellular Respiration where Glucose is broken down into ATP