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Date ___________
Circulatory and Immune System
Multiple Choice
Write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on the line
provided.
_____ 1. Which is the correct direction of blood flow?
a. right atriumright ventriclepulmonary artery
b. right atriumleft atriumpulmonary artery
c. left ventricle
pulmonary artery
aorta
d. left ventricle
left atriumaorta
_____ 2. In the heart, the mixing of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood is prevented by
the
a. mitral valve.
c. septum.
b. tricuspid valve.
d. pericardium.
_____ 3. Through which path does blood typically flow through the circulatory system?
a. arteriescapillariesveins
b. veinscapillariesarteries
c. arteries veinscapillaries
d. capillariesarteriesveins
_____ 4. Which of the following is true about blood pressure?
a. It is not affected by atherosclerosis.
b. It is typically lower in veins than in arteries.
c. It drops a great deal when traveling through arteries.
d. Diastolic pressure is higher than systolic pressure.
_____ 5. If the thymus was unable to function, which population of cells would be directly
affected?
a. muscle cells in the heart
b. B lymphocytes
c. T lymphocytes
d. red blood cells
_____ 6. Which of these is a function of the lymphatic system?
a. production of antibodies
b. transport of fat-soluble vitamins to the blood
c. protein absorption through the small intestine
d. all of the above
_____ 7. The sudden death of brain cells when their blood supply is interrupted is called
a. a heart attack.
c. hypertension.
b. a stroke.
d. atherosclerosis.
_____
Figure 351
_____ 15. Which type of immune response is being shown in Figure 351?
a. cell-mediated response c. inflammatory response
b. humoral response
d. autoimmune response
_____ 16. During the winter you become sick with the flu. Shortly after that, you
become sick with strep throat. Will the same type of B-cells that fought the
pathogen that caused the flu fight the pathogen that causes strep throat?
a. Yes. Every B cell is capable of fighting every pathogen with which it comes in
contact.
b. Yes. B cells recognize similar antigens such as bacterial and viral pathogens.
c. No. B cells fight viruses while T cells fight bacteria.
d. No. Each B cell is capable of recognizing one specific antigen.
_____ 17. Which of these are the main working cells of the immune response?
a. self and nonself cells c. antigens and antibodies
b. B cells and T cells
d. histamines and interferons
Figure 352
_____ 18. What type of immune response is shown in Figure 352?
a. nonspecific response c. cell-mediated response
b. humoral response
d. inflammatory response
_____ 19. Which step in Figure 352 shows the destruction of an infected cell?
a. 1
c. 3
b. 2
d. 4
_____20. Which of these is an example of passive immunity?
a. a person develops antibodies to fight off an ear infection
b. antibodies are passed from a pregnant woman to an infant through breast
milk
c. a person develops antibodies against the measles vaccine
d. a person is vaccinated for hepatitis B
32. In the past, doctors would sometimes prescribe antibiotics for infections, even when
they couldnt determine if the infection was bacterial or viral. How did this contribute
to the misuse of medication?
___________
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33. Helper T cells are critical to the function of the immune system. If they are destroyed
by an HIV infection, how will this affect the bodys humoral immunity?
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Using Science Skills
Use the diagram below to answer the following questions on the lines provided.
A scientist used a mathematical model that describes the interaction of the human
immune system with HIV to simulate the effect of HIV drugs on HIV-infected patients. Her
goal was to determine the optimal time to begin treating HIV-infected patients. Graphs A,
B, and C in Figure 352 show some of the results of the scientists simulation.
Figure 352
34. Interpret Graphs What do the two lines on Graph A in Figure 352 represent?
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35. Compare and Contrast Look at Figure 352. Compare Graphs A and B. What do
they show?
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36. Interpret Graphs Based on Graphs A and B in Figure 352, what happens to T cell
concentration between days 800 and 1200 during an HIV infection?
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37. Predict Look at Graph A in Figure 352. Predict the T cell concentration of an HIVinfected person at 1000 days after infection. Give a range for your answer.
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38. Draw Conclusions Look at Graphs B and C in Figure 352. Based on these two
graphs, what conclusion can you draw about the optimal time to begin drug
treatment after a person becomes infected with HIV? Keep in mind that these drugs
are damaging to the body and unpleasant to take. Use the data in Graphs B and C to
support your answer.
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Using Science Skills
Use the diagram below to answer the following questions on the lines
provided.
39. Interpret Visuals What does Figure 353 represent?
40. Interpret Visuals Which part of the immune response is shown in Figure 353? How
do you know?
Figure 353
42. Apply Concepts Based on Figure 353, how is an antibody able to recognize a
specific antigen?
43. Apply Concepts How do antibodies act as signal flags to other part of the
immune system?
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the underlined word or
phrase to make the statement true.
_____ 44. The enzyme hemoglobin converts soluble plasma proteins into insoluble, sticky
filaments that form a clot.
_____ 45. When your body is exposed to the bacteria that cause strep throat, B
lymphocytes produce antibodies that fight the infection.
_____ 46. In your lungs, diffusion of oxygen from alveoli into capillaries stops when
oxygen concentrations in the blood are equal to oxygen concentrations in the
alveoli.
Using Science Skills
Use the diagram below to answer the following questions on the lines provided.
Figure 335
47. Interpret Visuals In Figure 335, identify the four chambers of the heart. Then use
them to describe the path through which blood travels in the heart.
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48. Apply Concepts What type of muscle makes up the organ shown in Figure 335?
Why is structure F more muscular than structure G?
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49. Apply Concepts What is the function of the structures labeled D, E, H, and K in
Figure 335?
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50. Apply Concepts What are the roles of the structures L and I in Figure 33-5?
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51. Predict In Figure 335, what would happen if structure A were blocked?
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Essay
Write the answer to each question in the space provided.
52. Hemophilia is an inherited blood disorder in which an affected person may bleed
continuously even after a minor injury. For people with hemophilia B, the disease is
caused by a lack of the protein thromboplastin. Why would the lack of thromboplastin
cause a person to bleed for a longer time than normal?
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