Analyse

Maintenance

Summative
Assessment

Objective

AODIFRSM

Design

Implementation

Revise
Formative
Assessment

Adapted from:
1.Dick & Carey
2. Kemp
3. Smith & Ragan

Analyse
Analyse

Context analyses
Needs of assessment (Problem Model/Innovative Model/ Discrepancy
Model)
Learning environment to be used
Students characteristics:
General characteristics (grade age sex)
Learning style (verbal, logical, visual)

Teacher states the specific and clear learning outcome of the content according to

Objective
Objective

ABCD Model
(A-audience/B-behaviour/C-condition/D-degree)
Commonly known as a roadmap to accomplish goals of the learning outcome
Select method, media & utilize materials

Design
Design

A teacher should answer the following questions:

what content is needed?
how should the content be presented?
how should it be sequenced?

Implementation
Implementation
Implementation

Pilot the instruction constructed in the learning environment

Training/teaching session

Evaluation done during the instruction.

Formative
Formative
Formative
Assessment
Assessment
Assessment

To determine the flaw of the in the ongoing teaching and learning context
instruction
Eg: Asking student questions

Revise
Revise
Revise

If the objective does not met, then take:

Action taken to improve the methods and instruction materials

Summative
Summative
Assessment
Assessment

Maintenance
Maintenance

Summative
evaluationassessment
occurs after is
project
developmentand
The
goal of summative
to measure
the level of success or
verifiestheoveralleffectivenessoftheinstructionalmaterials.
proficiency that has been obtained at the end of an instruction.
To asses the whole learning instruction effectiveness.
Eg: Assigning a grade to a final exam

Maintain the instruction if the evaluation shows a good results