Oscilaes:

d2x k
1
+ x = 0, ! =
T = , ! = 2" f , ! F = ma, F = !kx,
2
m
f
i

dt

x = A cos(! t + " ) , ! =arctan(!

!/!,

v2
d2x
dx
vo
) , A= xo2 + o2 , m 2 + b + kx = 0,
! dt
dt
" xo

r1,2 =

!b b ! 4km
, x(t) = (C1 + C2 t)e!!t , x(t) = C1e!r1t + C2 e!r2t ,
2m

x(t) = A0 e!!t cos("1t + # ) , !12 = ! 20 ! " 2 , ! 0 =

k
!v ! ! x0 2
, A0 = xo2 +( o
) ,
m
"1

At = A0 e!!t ,

dE
1
= !bv 2 , Et = k(At )2 , !E = E f " Ei ,
dt
2

Fmx
d2x
dx
.
+b +kx = Fmx sin ! d t , A=
2
dt
dt
(k ! m! d2 )2 +b 2! d2

Ondas:

!
2!
!2 y(x, t) 1 !2 y(x, t)
, ! =vk ,
,
v = = ! f , y(x, t)= Asin(! t kx) , k =
= 2
T
"
!x 2
v
!t 2

1
F
F! 2 A 2 ,
P(x, t)= F! 2 A 2 cos2 (! t ! kx) , Pmed (x, t)=
v=
,
2


!
v
!
v
, L =n n , f1 =
.
y(x, t) = y1 (x, t) + y2 (x, t) , fn = nf1 , L = n n , f1 =
2
2L
4
4L