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ANCHORAGE/DEVELOPMENT LENGTHS AND LAP SPLICE LENGTHS OF BAR

1. Development Lengths of Steel Reinforcing Bars (Type 2 deformed bars)


Development length, Ld , of bars in tension in normal weight concrete, complying with Code (ACI 31814)
minimum cover, bar spacing and confinement requirements, in multiples of bar diameter, db , shall be as shown in
the table below. (The figures in the brackets are the development lengths, Ld, for bars not strictly complying with
the Code minimum cover, bar spacing & confinement requirements).
fy, MPa

420
(60,000
psi)

f c (cylinder
strength, MPa)
17 (2500psi)
21 (3000psi)
25 (3600psi)
28 (4000psi)
30 (4400psi)
32 (4600psi)
35 (5000psi)
40 (6000psi)
50 (7200psi)

fc (Equiv.
cube strength,
MPa (psi))
21
(3000)
26
(3750)
31
(4500)
35
(5000)
37.5 (5500)
40
(5800)
43.75 (6300)
50
(7200)
62.5 (9000)

19 mm & smaller bars


Bot. bars Top bars

20mm and larger bars


Bot. bars
Top bars

49 (73)).
44 (65)
40 (60)
38 (57)
36 (55)
35 (53)
34 (51)
32 (47)
28 (42)

60 (92)
54 (83)
49 (76)
47 (72)
45 (70)
44 (67)
42 (64)
39 (60)
35 (54)

63 (95)
57 (85)
52 (78)
49 (74)
47 (71)
46 (69)
44 (66)
41 (62)
37 (55)

78 (120)
70 (108)
64 (99)
61 (94)
59 (91)
57 (87)
54 (84)
51 (78)
45 (70)

Notes:i) Tension development lengths shall be used in all cases, irrespective of type of bar forces.
ii) The development lengths given above, may be reduced where conditions of clear cover, clear bar spacing
and bar confinement as required by the Code, are satisfied. Appropriate calculations shall be submitted for
each specific case for Engineers approval.
iii) Horizontal bars below which more than 300mm of fresh concrete is cast, shall be considered as Top bars.
iv) Development lengths of bars in members 300mm or less in thickness or depth, shall be as for Top bars.
v) Development lengths calculated from the above table shall be rounded off to the nearest 5 mm.

2. Lap Splice Lengths of Steel Reinforcing Bars (ACI 318 14)


For all cases,
Lap splice length = 1.3 x Development length, Ld , as given in the above table.
Notes:
i) No more than 50% of the bars are to be lapped in any section.
ii) Lap splices shall not be permitted for bars larger than 36 mm.
iii) Mechanical bar couplers are preferred to lap splices. For bar diameter larger than 25mm, mechanical
bar couplers shall be used for splicing.
iv) Stirrups or ties are to be provided (minimum Code requirement) along the lapped lengths.
v) For concrete strength higher than 40 MPa (cyl.), splice lengths for 40 MPa concrete are to be used.

2a. Lap-splice Lengths of 20 mm and Larger Diameter Bars in mm.

fy
MPa

420
(60,000 psi)

f c
MPa
(cyl.)

21

Bar
Location

T
B

25

T
B

28

T
B

30

T
B

32

T
B

35

T
B

40

T
B

50

T
B

Splice Lengths in mm
Bar diameters,
(Bar weights in kg / m )
20
(2.466)

22
(2.983)

25
(3.854)

28
(4.831)

1820
(2810)
1405
(2160)
1665
(2575)
1275
(1975)
1585
(2445)
1220
(1870)
1535
(2365)
1170
(1820)
1480
(2290)
1145
(1740)
1405
(2185)
1090
(1665)
1325
(2030)
1015
(1560)
1170
(1820)
910
(1405)

2000
(3090)
1545
(2375)
1830
(2830)
1400
(2175)
1745
(2690)
1345
(2060)
1685
(2600)
1285
(2000)
1630
(2490)
1260
(1915)
1545
(2400)
1200
(1830)
1460
(2230)
1115
(1715)
1285
(2000)
1000
(1545)

2275
(3510)
1755
(2695)
2080
(3215)
1590
(2470)
1980
(3055)
1525
(2340)
1915
(2955)
1460
(2275)
1850
(2830)
1430
(2175)
1755
(2730)
1365
(2080)
1655
(2535)
1265
(1950)
1460
(2275)
1135
(1755)

2550
(3930)
1965
(3020)
2330
(3605)
1780
(2765)
2220
(3420)
1710
(2620)
2145
(3310)
1640
(2550)
2075
(3165)
1600
(2440)
1965
(2350)
1530
(2330)
1855
(2840)
1420
(2185)
1640
(2550)
1275
(1965)

32
(6.313)
.
2910
(4490)
2245
(3450)
2660
(4120)
2040
(3160)
2535
(3910)
1955
(2995)
2455
(3785)
1870
(2910)
2370
(3620)
1830
(2785)
2245
(2690)
1745
(2660)
2120
(3245)
1620
(2495)
1870
(2910)
1455
(2245)

COST CALCULATION
OF LAP SLICES

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