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One version of Hadith e Thaqalain says that Ahlebayt are khalifa. These khalifa or
caliphs can only be from Quraish as is evident from the following ahadith:
1. Sahih Bukhari Prophet said that after me there will be 12 Amirs and all of them
will be from Quraish
Al Baghawi in regards to the above hadith states that all sunni scholars agree upon its
authenticity.
2. Sahih Muslim Prophet said that life will not end until 12 caliphs come. Then he
said something which I did not hear. I asked my father, he said all of them will be from
Quraish
3. Sahih Mulim Islam will be strong until 12 caliphs come. The narrator heard the
same thing about hearing from his father
4. Religion will be strong until 12 caliphs come. Then something happened and people
did not allow me to hear.
5. In Tirmizi Same hadith with this addition : I asked the person besides me. He said
all of them will be from Quraish
Reference: Tirmizi vol. 4, pg. 106, under the chapter of Imam Mahdi
6. Sunan Abu Dawud with authentic chain: People started to yell and shout. I didnt
hear what the Prophet said. People started to stand and sit (it seems that something must
have had happened)
7. Musnad Ahmed ibn Hanbal (with authentic chain) Someone comes to Abdullah
ibn Masud and asks him: Did Prophet tell you how many caliphs to this ummah? Ibn
Masud said, Yes, and no one asked me this except you. He then said, 12 just like
Bani Israel
Reference: Musnad Ahmed ibn Hanbal, vol. 1, pg. 398
According to Ibn Hajar Asqalani, with regards to the above hadith, it is hadith Hasan.
He mentions this in his book Fath Al Bari, vol. 13, pg. 181
CONCLUSION
1. Number of caliph: 12
2. They are all from Ahlebayt. Quraish is a general term, but Ahlebayt is specific.
Why was Prophet not specific? He may have been specific, but the phrase all of them
will be from Quraish did not come from the Prophet but from Umar since he (Umar)
must have said this to fit him and others in the hadith as well. Thus this hadith may
have been filtered.
3. Those people are important since Allah spoke about them in Torah and gave details
in divine books.
Torah: Allah spoke to Ibrahim there will be 12 great men who will be rulers and will
be great nations.
These 12 great men are the same people who are mentioned in Bukhari and Muslim.
How do we know this? Because Ibn Katheer and Ibn Taymiyyah admit that they are the
same which are mentioned in Torah.
Ibn Katheer : in his book Al Bidaya wa al Nihaya, vol. 6, pg. 250 he says
In Torah which is in the hands to the people, Allah told Ibrahim that Ismail will come
and they will expand and from his descendants will be 12 great people. My teacher Ibn
Taymiyyah said they are the same 12 who are mentioned in the hadith by Jabir ibn
Sumra which is in Bukhari and Muslim and said many jews and Christians who became
muslims were mistaken by the same 12 which imam.(take exact statement from AY)
Verse 48:29 of Holy Quran:
Muhammad is the apostle of Allah. and those who are with him are strong against
Unbelievers, (but) compassionate amongst each other. Thou wilt see them bow and
prostrate themselves (in prayer), seeking Grace from Allah and (His) Good Pleasure.
On their faces are their marks, (being) the traces of their prostration. This is their
similitude in the Taurat; and their similitude in the Gospel is: like a seed which sends
forth its blade, then makes it strong; it then becomes thick, and it stands on its own
stem, (filling) the sowers with wonder and delight. As a result, it fills the Unbelievers
with rage at them. Allah has promised those among them who believe and do righteous
deeds forgiveness, and a great Reward.
In the above verse, those who are with him cannot be all the companions of the
Prophet since all of them were not merciful with each other. Rather they are the 12
Imams
It is not logical that Allah spoke about them, mentioned in Injil and Taurah, Prophet
Ibrahim knew about them and still the companions were not aware who those 12 great
men are. The information was thus erased/filtered and people do this because they are
in an environment which doesnt allow them to narrate such a hadith, for example: even
though they know Imam Ali is a great faqih and we have to follow Ahlebayt, they
avoided him.
Abdul Razzak al-Sanani, the teacher of Bukhari, said: that Ahle Sunnah dont say wa
Aale Mohammed in shahadat even though they know they should say it but were afraid
of Bani Umayyah i.e. they were practising taqiyyah.
Reference: Subbul al-Salam, vol. 1, pg. 193
There are 2 lists for 12 caliphs
1. List from Shias
2. List from Ahle Sunnah
We will now check which list agrees with the hadith
1. The shia list is mentioned with authentic chain according to our rules. The same
hadith is mentioned in sunni books.
Reference: Faraid al Simtain by Al-Jowaini, vol. 2, pg. 132, hadith no.: 431
The hadith has reliable narrators except two are not authenticated nor weakened. So
many scholars afford it the status of Hasan.
The two narrators which are not authenticated or weakened are:
a) Ahmed ibn Matraf ibn Sawad ibn Hussain al Qadhi al Basti
b) Abdul Ghaffar ibn Katheer ibn Kalebi
For Ahmed ibn Matraf:
Al Khateeb al-Baghdad met him in year 227 A.H. and took some ahadith from him and
did not weaken him.
Reference: Tarikh al Baghdad, vol. 5, pg. 171
For Abdul Ghaffar ibn Katheer ibn Kalebi:
He has to his credit many narrations mostly with regards to the virtues of Ahlebayt and
not weakened by anyone.