Movement

Shoulder
Flexion
(170-190)

Shoulder
Extension
(60)

Shoulder
Abduction
(180)

Muscles
Pec Major C. Head Lat. Pectoral C5-6
O: anterior medial clavicle
I: crest of greater tubercle
Ant. DeltoidAxillary C5-6
O: anterior lateral clavicle
I: deltoid tuberosity
CoracobrachialisMusculo. C5-7
O: coracoid process of scapula
I: prox. medial shaft of humerus
Biceps BrachiiMusculo. C5-6
O: supraglenoid tubercle and coracoid
process
I: bicipital tuberosity

Pec Major S. headLat. Pectoral C5-6

O: Lat. Margin of manubrium, body of
sternum
I: crest of gr. Tubercle
Tricep Long headRadial C6-8
O: infragl. Tubercle of scapula, post. aspect
of sup. humerus
I: olecranon process
Post. Deltoidaxillary C5-6
O: spine of scapula
I: Deltoid tuberosity
Teres MajorLower Subscap. C5-6
O: Inf. Angle of scapula
I: crest of lesser tubercle
LatissimusThoracodorsal C6-8
O: thoracolumbar fascia, sp. Proc. of lower
thoracic and all lumbar vert., post. crest of
ilium, lower 4 ribs
I: inf. Angle of scapula
Anterior DeltoidAxillary C5-6
Middle DeltoidAxillary C5-6
O: Sup-lat. surface of acromion
I: Deltoid Tuberosity
SupraspinatusSuprascap. C4-6
O: supraspinous fossa
I: greater tubercle

ROM position
Hook-lying or sitting, palm
toward trunk
Axis: find acromion, 2 fingers
of
Stationary: // to midline of
trunk
Moveable: // to longitudinal
axis of
humerus
**stabilize scapula to assess
GH movement only
Prone, arm facing body
-stabilize scapula
Axis: roll of acromion
process onto humeral head
(2 fingers)
Stationary: // to midline of
trunk
Moveable: // to longitudinal
axis of humerus

Supine, thumb up
Axis: 2 fingers lateral to
coracoid process (in center
of armpit)
Stationary: // to sternum
Moveable: // to longitudinal
axis of humerus

MMT position
Shoulder Flexion to 90
Anterior Deltoid
-Seated, arm in slight horizontal abduction
-Flex shoulder to 90, thumb toward ceiling
-Resist above elbow
-Palpate anterior deltoid

**Gravity minimized: side-lying, support forearm. From

extension to 90 flexion

-Prone, thumb down, arm at side

-Resist above elbow, stabilize scapula
**Gravity min: side-lying, support forearm. From 90 flexion
through extension.

Abduction to 90
Middle Deltoid
-Seated
-Abduct to 90, palm down
-resist above elbow
Supraspinatus
-Seated, scaption (IR, 30 horizontal add)
-resist at 70-90 flexion
**Gravity min: supine, support arm

Shoulder
Adduction

Pec major-both heads

Teres Major
Latissimus

Screen: seated, push up from table

(same as for scapular depressors)

Shoulder
Horizontal
Abduction
(45)

Shoulder
Horizontal
Adduction
(135)
Internal
Rotation
(70)

External
Rotation
(75-90)

Scapular
Protraction(Abdu
ction) and
Upward(Lateral)
Rotation

Triceps Long Head

Post. Deltoid
Coracobrachialis
Biceps Brachii both heads

Pec major-both heads

Anterior Deltoid
Coracobrachialis
Biceps Brachii

Pec Major-both heads

Anterior Deltoid
SubscapularisSubscapular C5-7
O: Subscapular fossa
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
Teres Major
Latissimus
Post. DeltoidLat. Pectoral C5-6
InfraspinatusSuprascapular C5-6
O: infraspinous fossa
I: greater tubercle of humerus
Teres MinorAxillary C5-6
O: Post. surface of lateral border of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus

Serratus Ant.Long Thoracic C5-7

O: Lat. ribs 1-9
I: Medial border of scapula
Pec MinorMed. Pectoral C8-T1
O: ribs 3-5
I: coracoid process of scapula

Sitting, elbow 90, abduct

90
Stabilize trunk and scapula
Axis: on top of acromion
process
Stationary: line up with
opposite acromion
Moveable: // to humerus
Same as Horizontal
Abduction

-Prone, arm supported of plinth, elbow bent

-stabilize scapula
-resist above elbow
**Gravity min: seated, support arm with elbow bent

-Supine, 90 elbow
-resist above elbow
**Gravity min: seated, support arm with elbow bent

Prone with towel under

elbow
Axis: olecranon process
Stationary: perpendicular to
floor
Moveable: ulnar styloid
process
Supine, towel under elbow
-stabilize front of shoulder
**substitution=trunk
extension

-Prone, arm of plinth w/ elbow bent

-resist front of forearm
**gravity min: seated, support forearm

-Prone, arm of plinth w/ elbow bent

-resist back of forearm
**gravity min: seated, support forearm

Axis: olecranon process

Stationary: perpendicular to
floor
Moveable: ulnar styloid
process
-Supine, shoulder flexed to 90, slight horizontal add.,
elbow ext.
-Palpate Serratus Anterior
-Protract scapula
-Resist just above elbow. Push arm into table
(retraction)
-watch for trunk rotation substitutions
**gravity min: seated, support arm at 90. Push pt. into
retraction, have them protract

Scapular
Elevation

Upper TrapeziusCN XI
O: EOP, lig. Nuchae, med SNL

-Seated, elbows bent and slightly abducted. Shrug

shoulders

Scapular
Depression

Scapular
Retraction
(Adduction)

Middle Trap

I: post/sup/medial clavicle
Levator ScapulaeC3-5
O: Tran. processes C1-4
I: medial border of scapula
RhomboidsDorsal Scapular C5
O: lig. Nuchae and sp. Proc. C7-T5
I: medial border of scapula
Lower TrapeziusCN XI
O: Sp. Processes T6-12
I:
upper lip of spine or scapula near
medial border
Subclavius
O: cartilage of 1st rib
I: inf. Surface of clavicle
Pec MinorMed. Pectoral C8-T1
O: Ribs 3-5
I: coracoid process of scapula
Latissimus Thoracodorsal C5-8
Middle TrapeziusCN XI
O: lig. Nuchae, sp. Proc. C7-T5
I: medial aspect of acromion
RhomboidsDorsal Scapular C5
O: lig. Nuchae, sp. Proc. C7-T5
I: medial border of scapula

Scapular
Retraction
(Adduction) and
Downward
(Medial) Rotation
Rhomboids

****Downward Rotation: Pec Minor, Levator Scapula, Rhomboids

****Upward Rotation: Serratus Anterior, Lower Trap, Upper Trap

-Resist top of shoulders

**gravity min: prone, support under shoulder. Pull pt. into
depression, have them elevate

-Prone
-Resist by pushing scapula into elevation

Screen: seated, push up from table

-Prone, elbow extended, thumb to ceiling

-Raise arm toward ceiling
-Palpate middle trapezius
-Resist scapula
**gravity min: seated, support arm
-Prone, IR (hand behind back)
-Raise arm of trunk
-Resist scapula
**gravity min: seated, arm behind back in same pos. as
above