February 2001

The University of Minnesota Press

and NCS Assessments Announce
R e v i s i o n s t o t h e M M P I - 2 Te s t
Materials and Reports

Five Scales Added to the Validity

and Clinical Scales Profile
The addition of five scales (VRIN, TRIN,
F , F , S) to the validity and clinical scales
B

The MMPI-2 instrument remains the most widely used and

widely researched test of adult psychopathology. Since the
test was launched in 1989, several new scales have been
researched and developed that heightened the need for
revised MMPI-2 test materials and reports. The University
of Minnesota and NCS Assessments are pleased to offer
revised MMPI-2 test materials and reports that incorporate the most current research.
MMPI-2 Validity/Clinical Scales Profile

profile (formerly the basic scales) will

enable test users to refine their evaluation of profile interpretability. The reordering of the validity scales reflects the
recommended sequence for developing
an interpretation of the scales: measures
of inconsistent responding (VRIN, TRIN);
measures of infrequent responding
(F, F , F ); and measures of defensive
B

responding (L, K, S). You will notice these

revisions in the hand-scoring materials
for the validity and clinical scales as well
as in all MMPI-2 test reports (except the
Basic Service Report) available through
MICROTEST Q Assessment System software and Mail-In Scoring service.

NCS Assessments
P. O. Box 1416
Minneapolis, MN, 55440
Phone: 800-627-7271
Fax: 800-632-9011
http: //assessments.ncspearson.com
F2523BR
P255

Validity and Clinical Scales Profile

The VRIN and TRIN Scales (Variable Response
and True Response Inconsistency)

The FP Scale (Infrequency-Psychopathology)

The FP scale was developed by Arbisi and Ben-Porath
to assist in differentiating elevations on the F scale
that are the product of genuine psychopathology from
those that result from over-reporting, after random and
fixed responding have been ruled out based on the
VRIN and TRIN scales.

Introduced as supplementary scales when the MMPI-2

test was published in 1989, the VRIN and TRIN scales
have been moved to the validity and clinical scales profile. These validity scales have proved useful in detecting
inconsistent responding of either a variable (for example, random) or biased (yea-saying or nay-saying) nature.

The S Scale (Superlative Self-Presentation)

The FB Scale (Back F)

The S scale was developed by Butcher and Han to

assess defensiveness. The S scale has 5 subscales
based on item content that point to possible reasons
for defensive attitudes: S1 Beliefs in Human Goodness;
S2 Serenity; S3 Contentment with Life; S4 Patience/
Denial of Irritability; and S5 Denial of Moral Flaws.

Introduced as an MMPI-2 supplementary scale, the FB

scale captures infrequent responding to the latter portion
of the MMPI-2 booklet, assisting in the identification of
changes in the respondents approach to the MMPI-2
test that occur over the course of the test administration.

MMPI-2 PSY-5 Scales Profile

Introducing the New PSY-5 Scales

Harkness and McNulty developed a model for
assessing psychopathology based on the Big
Five model of personality. They selected items
from the MMPI-2 item pool that matched their
model and developed five scales: Aggressiveness
(AGGR), Psychoticism (PSYC), Disconstraint (DISC),
Negative Emotionality/Neuroticism (NEGE), and
Introversion/Low Positive Emotionality (INTR).
An extended description of these constructs,
the scale development process, psychometric
properties, validity evidence, and guidelines for
interpretation is given in Harkness, McNulty,
Ben-Porath, and Graham (2002). The Personality
Psychopathology Five (PSY-5) scales are being
introduced in the hand-scoring materials for the
supplementary scales as well as the MMPI-2
Extended Score Report and all Minnesota Reports
available through MICROTEST Q Assessment
System software and Mail-In Scoring service.

Psychoticism (PSYC)
PSY-5 Psychoticism assesses disconnection from reality.
Unshared beliefs, as well as unusual sensory and perceptual experiences, are examples of disconnection.
Alienated and unrealistic expectation of harm is also
assessed. Persons with high Psychoticism scores tend
to have a higher probability of delusions of reference,
thinking that is disorganized, bizarre, disoriented,
circumstantial, or tangential. PSY-5 Psychoticism is a
phenotype, not linked to any specific etiology. It is
important to distinguish these PSY-5 Psychoticism
concepts from the use of the term by Hans Eysenck,
whose concept was linked more to criminality and
antisocial behavior.

Aggressiveness (AGGR)
PSY-5 Aggressiveness focuses on offensive and instrumental aggression. Persons high on PSY-5 Aggressiveness may enjoy intimidating others and may use
aggression as a tool to accomplish goals. PSY-5
Aggressiveness does not emphasize defensive or
reactive aggression. Interpersonally, high PSY-5
Aggressiveness is linked with dominance and hate.

Disconstraint (DISC)

Negative Emotionality/Neuroticism (NEGE)

Persons with high scores on PSY-5 Disconstraint tend

to be more risk taking, impulsive, and less traditional.
They have a slight tendency to prefer romantic partners who have the same features. They tend to be easily bored with routine. Tellegens (1982) Constraint concept was the antecedent to identifying PSY-5
Disconstraint in the structure of normal personality
and personality pschopathology markers (Harkness &
McNulty, 1994). This pattern of behavioral disinhibition
has been further described by Watson and Clark
(1993). Although Zuckermans (1994) Sensation
Seeking Scale bears a different label and research tradition, empirical correlations suggest significant overlap in personality individual differences tapped by
measures of disconstraint and sensation seeking
(McNulty, Harkness, & Ben-Porath, 1998).

Common features of elevated Negative Emotionality/

Neuroticism are focusing on problematic aspects of
incoming information, worrying, being self-critical,
feeling guilty, and concocting worst-case scenarios.
The personality disposition to experience negative
affects and emotions was articulated by Tellegen
(1982) and further described in Watson and Clarks
(1984) landmark review.

Introversion/Low Positive Emotionality (INTR)

Patients with PSY-5 Introversion/Low Positive Emotionality experience little joy or positive engagement.
Although linked with the corresponding social dimension of Introversion versus Extroversion, Tellegen
(1982, 1985) and Watson and Clark (1997) argued
persuasively that the core of the individual differences
dimension is the affective disposition. The scale name
emphasizes the link between these two dimensions.

MMPI-2 Supplementary Scales Profile

Revisions to the Supplementary

Scales Profile
Several revisions have been made to the Supplementary Scales profile. The following changes
appear in the MMPI-2 hand-scoring materials
as well as in all MMPI-2 test reports (except the
Basic Service Report) available through
MICROTEST Q Assessment System software
and Mail-In Scoring service.
Addition of the MMPI-2 version of the Cook/
Medley Ho (Hostility) scale
Deletion of the Schlenger and Kulka posttraumatic stress scale (PS); the PS scale is no
longer offered
Deletion of the Si (Social Introversion) subscales. In the hand-scoring materials, the Si
subscales and Harris-Lingoes subscales are
packaged together as the Clinical Subscales.
The Si subscales remain a part of the test
reports; however, subscale scores are reported,
not profiled in test reports.
Transfer of Validity indicators FB, VRIN, and
TRIN to the Validity and Clinical scales profile
The Supplementary scales have been reordered
to enhance interpretation:
A, R, Es, Do, Re (scales representing or related
to familiar normal-range personality constructs);
Mt, PK, MDS (indicators of generalized emotional distress with a clinical emphasis);
Ho, O-H, MAC-R, AAS, APS (indicators of
behavioral dyscontrol, the last three focusing
on substance abuse); and
GM, GF (gender-role scales).

R E V I S E D

MMPI-2
Manual for
Administration,
Scoring, and
Interpretation

The MMPI-2 test manual

has been revised to
provide information on
the revisions and new
scales, as well as
expanded guidelines
for interpretation based
on current research.
Call now to order your
MMPI-2 Manual for
Administration, Scoring,
and Interpretation
Revised Editiona musthave for all users!

Psy-5 References

Harkness, A. R., & McNulty, J. L. (1994). The Personality Psychopathology Five (PSY-5): Issue from the
pages of a diagnostic manual instead of a dictionary. In S. Strack & M. Lorr (Eds.), Differentiating
normal and abnormal personality. New York: Springer.
Harkness, A. R., McNulty, J. L., Ben-Porath, Y. S., & Graham, J. G. (2002). The Personality Psychopathology
Five (PSY-5) scales. Available Spring, 2002.
McNulty, J. L., Harkness, A. R., & Ben-Porath, Y. S. (1998, March). Theoretical assertions and empirical
evidence: How MMPI-2 PSY-5 scales are linked with the MPQ, ZKPQ-III, and NEO-PI-R. Paper presented
at the 33rd Annual MMPI-2 Symposium, Clearwater, FL.
Tellegen, A. (1982). Brief manual for the Differential Personality Questionnaire. Unpublished manuscript.
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. [Since renamed Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire.]
Tellegen, A. (1985). Structures of mood and personality and their relevance to assessing anxiety, with an
emphasis on self-report. In A. H. Tuma & J. D. Maser (Eds.), Anxiety and the anxiety disorders.
Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Watson, D., & Clark, L. A. (1984). Negative affectivity: The disposition to experience aversive emotional
states. Psychological Bulletin, 96, 465490.
Watson, D., & Clark, L. A. (1993). Behavioral disinhibition versus constraint: A dispositional perspective.
In D. M. Wegner & J. W. Pennebaker (Eds.), Handbook of mental control (pp. 506527). New York:
Prentice Hall.
Watson, D., & Clark, L. A. (1997). Extraversion and its positive emotional core. In R. Hogan, J. Johnson, &
S. Briggs (Eds.), Handbook of personality psychology (pp. 767793). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Zuckerman, M. (1994). Behavioral expressions and biosocial bases of sensation seeking. New York:
Cambridge University Press.

Additional Information on the Revisions

Additional Information on Research

If you would like additional information on the revisions

to the MMPI-2 test materials and reports, please visit
the NCS Assessments website at:
http://assessments.ncspearson.com

For information on possible research opportunities with the

new MMPI-2 scales, please contact the University of
Minnesota Press at:
Elizabeth Knoll Stomberg
University of Minnesota, Test Division
111 Third Avenue South, Suite 290
Minneapolis, MN 55401-2520
Phone: (612) 627-1964
Fax: (612) 627-1980
Email: stomb002@tc.umn.edu

Or call our Client Relations department at:

800-627-7271, extension 5225
Please see the insert for ordering and pricing information
for the revised MMPI-2 test materials and reports.

Copyright 2001 NCS Pearson, Inc. All rights reserved. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, MMPI-2, and
The Minnesota Report are trademarks of The Regents of the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.

F2523BR
P255
356-GEN
2/02

Ordering Information for

Revised MMPI-2 Test Materials and Reports
ADMINISTRATION MATERIALS

Revised MMPI-2 Manual for Administration, Scoring, & Interpretation

MMPI-2 PSY-5 Test Report (A University of Minnesota Press publication)
PROFILE FORMS AND ANSWER SHEETS

Validity and Clinical Scales Hand-Scoring Materials Package

Includes: 50 hand-scoring answer sheets and 50 validity and clinical scales profile forms
For use with softcover test booklets
For use with hardcover test booklets
Validity and Clinical Scales (50 per package)
Non-K-Corrected Validity and Clinical Scales (50 of each per package)
Clinical Subscales (Harris-Lingoes and social introversion subscales; 50 per package)
Content Scales (50 per package)
Content Component Scales (50 per package)
Supplementary Scales (50 per package)
ANSWER KEYS COMPLETE SETS
Validity and Clinical Scales (updated with all 8 validity scales)
For use with softcover test booklets
For use with hardcover test booklets
Clinical Subscales (Harris-Lingoes and Social Introversion subscales)
For use with softcover test booklets
For use with hardcover test booklets
Content Scales
For use with softcover test booklets
For use with hardcover test booklets
Content Component Scales
For use with softcover test booklets
For use with hardcover test booklets
Supplementary Scales (updated with the new PSY-5 scales)
For use with softcover test booklets
For use with hardcover test booklets
INTERIM ANSWER KEYS

Additional Validity Scales (Only includes: VRIN, TRIN, FB, FP, S)

For use with softcover test booklets
For use with hardcover test booklets
Additional Supplementary Scales (Only includes: PSY-5 and Ho)
For use with softcover test booklets
For use with hardcover test booklets
Additional Clinical Subscales (Only includes: Si)
For use with softcover test booklets
For use with hardcover test booklets

CODE

PRICE

24027
29422

$48.00
$12.00

CODE

PRICE

24083
24082
24001
24006
24005
24002
24086
24004

$82.00
$82.00
$41.00
$41.00
$41.00
$41.00
$41.00
$41.00

CODE

PRICE

24019
24012

$70.00
$70.00

24023
24016

$70.00
$70.00

24020
24013

$70.00
$70.00

24085
24084

$70.00
$70.00

24022
24015

$70.00
$70.00

CODE

PRICE

24105
24104

$25.00
$25.00

24106
24107

$25.00
$25.00

24108
24109

$25.00
$25.00

If you are a MICROTEST Q software customer, please call 800-627-7271, extension 5225 to request your free
upgrade with the latests revisions to the MMPI-2 test reports.
To place an order, please complete the order form on the reverse side of this page and FAX to: 800-632-9011,
or MAIL to: NCS Assessments Order Dept, PO Box 1416, Minneapolis, MN 55440, or CALL: 800-627-7271,
extension 5151 to place your order with our friendly Client Relations Representatives.

F2523FO
356-GEN
2/02

(Photocopy as needed)

Order Form
1

Account Number __________________________________________

Ship To:

Phone: 1-800-627-7271 Ext. 5151 or

1-952-939-5151
Fax:
1-800-632-9011 or
1-952-939-5199

Mail: NCS Assessments

ATTN: Order Processing
P.O. Box 1416
Minneapolis, MN 55440

Bill To: (if different)

Name ______________________________Title _____________________

Address change?

Name ______________________________Title _____________________

Phone (

Phone (

) _________________

Organization __________________________________________________

E-mail address _________________________________________________

Street Address _________________________________________________

Organization __________________________________________________

City _________________________State __________ZIP _____________

Street Address _________________________________________________

First Order? Please establish your qualification level (contact your sales representative)

)_________________________Fax (

) ________________________________________________

Include prepayment

City ______________________________State ________ZIP __________

Type of Practice

Clinical

Career

Medical

Corrections

Forensic

Personnel Selection

Products/Services

Other

Product Number

Quantity

Unit Price

Total

First-time MICROTEST Q software order (Annual license fee)

00278K
$89.00
To help ensure that your computer meets the minimum requirements for MICROTEST Q software, see pages 67 of the 2002 NCS Assessments catalog.
Sign and send both pages of the software license agreement attached (pages 105106 of the 2002 NCS Assessments catalog).

Payment (Prepayment required)

Check enclosed payable to NCS Assessments Check # ________ Amount $ ___________
Purchase order enclosed
Purchase Order # _____________________
Charge to:

Subtotal

Tax exempt?
NCS Assessments must have a copy of
certificate on file.

Add your state

and local tax $

Shipment
Standard Order Shipment
Add appropriate
Expedited Shipping
shipping and handling fee;
International
see chart below.

Name of Cardholder

Total

Signature

Shipping and Handling Charges

Card # __________________________________ Exp. Date ___________

Standard Shipment

Authorization, Prices, and Terms

Prices effective from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2002 and subject to change without notice.
Terms are balance net 30 days, F.O.B. Minneapolis, MN. If prices on your order are incorrect, we reserve the right to exceed the amount up
to 10% unless otherwise stated on your order. Please see Terms & Conditions on page 104 of the 2002 NCS Assessments catalog.
I authorize NCS Assessments to ship this order and agree to the terms set forth in the current NCS Assessments catalog, including the terms
of the NCS Assessments Qualification policy on page 110 of the catalog and the terms and conditions on page 104.

Order Size
$0 to $249
$250 to $499
$500 to $749
$750 to $999
$1,000 to $1,249
$1,250 to $1,499
$1,500+

Charge
$6.00
$10.00
$15.00
$21.00
$25.00
$29.00
$35.00

Authorized Signature __________________________________________________________

Expedited Shipping*: Add $15.00 to standard prices.

International Shipping: Add $25.00 to standard prices.

Title________________________________________________ Date __________________

*Shipments to Alaska and Hawaii automatically incur $15.00 priority charge.

All IDEAS inventory orders will be billed actual freight. Estimate 7%.

Order by phone: 1-800-627-7271 Order by fax: 1-800-632-9011 For information: http://assessments.ncspearson.com

F2523FO
P255
356-GEN
2/02