2.

Analyze Development of Infants and toddlers

From conception the first developments begin to follow a timeframe.
From one cell to a human and from birth up you have a framework of
developmental domains in which we begin to be able to follow.
Developmental domains are discrete areas of the childs development.
Developmental domains are further divided into subdomains. Each has a
developmental expectation, which is a broad general statement of what the
child should know and be able to do within the expected wide variability of
development that occurs in the early childhood period. Beginning at birth, a
child forms relationships with adults who will guide their learning and
development. Especially during the earliest years of a childs life from birth
to age 3, a childs growth and development is shaped within the context of
those relationships. Positive relationships are essential for the development
of personal responsibility, capacity for self-regulation, for constructive
interactions with others, and for fostering academic functioning and mastery.
Warm, sensitive, and responsive interactions help children develop a secure,
positive sense of self and encourage them to respect and cooperate with
others.
The germinal period is the prenatal development that occurs within the
first two weeks after conception. The embryonic period is the prenatal
development that occurs from two to eight weeks after conception. The fetal
period is the prenatal developmental period that lasts from two months to
birth, approximately seven months. At birth the baby is born, the umbilical
cord is cut, and for the first time the infant is self-sufficient breathing on its
own. Motor developments start with reflexes. Reflexes allow infants to
respond adaptively to their environment before they have an opportunity to
learn. Such reflexes are rooting, sucking and moro. Milestones are examples
of gross motor skills.
Gross motor skills are skills that involve large-muscle activities. These
skills start with posture, a dynamic process that is linked with sensory
information in the skin, joints, and muscles, which tell us where we are in
space: in vestibular organs in the inner ear that regulate balance and
equilibrium; and in vision and hearing. Holding their heads occurs within
weeks of birth, sitting with aid by two months, sitting independently by six to
seven months, and standing happens gradually over the course of the first
year. Then comes learning to walk within the next months.
Fine motor skills are skills that involve finely tuned motor movements.
Infants master fine motor skills during the first two years. Cues from

muscles, tendons, and joints, not sight of the limb guide reaching by four
months of age. They develop two types of grasps palmer and pincer. Infants
need to exercise their gross and fine motor skills.
Sensations occur when information interacts with sensory receptorsthe eyes, ears, tongue, nostrils, and skin. Perception is the interpretation of
what is sensed. Language forms through phonology, morphology, syntax,
semantics, and pragmatics. Babies begin by crying, cooing, babbling,
imitation, gestures, and then their first words.
Milestones are a great way to track developmental growth.
Developmental screening is done by your doctor/nurse, other healthcare
professionals, and community or school settings. Wellness child check-ups
are used to monitor your childs health and development through certain
developmental periods. Many children with developmental delays are not
being identified as early as possible. As a result, these children must wait to
get the help they need to do well in social and educational settings. Research
shows that early intervention treatment services can greatly improve a
childs development. Early intervention services help children from birth
through 3 years of age (36 months) learn important skills. Services include
therapy to help the child talk, walk, and interact with others.
The attention/love that we give infants/toddlers greatly impacts their
development by providing the basic needs in life. With basic needs met in life
then they can grow developmentally, because they have a safe, secure,
loving relationship established. When you give them attention and watch
them grow from a developmental stand point you will be able to notice and
track milestones to make sure they are following within reason to
developmental domains.