Designation: D2105 - ay AE ies Conhhder, Feshaa 192 sate United Sales of Antica Th py Fs bee |e hvac Nato Sac Longitudinal Tensile'Properties: of:'Fiberglass'i(Glass-Fiber- jOsetting-Resin) Pipe and Tube’ “This standard faves ander the xed desigtion D210 the mumber nimedutely (allowing the dssgnation indetes the year of criginal adoption or in he ete of rexian, he yar of ast ein, ‘Arwaberinpercthcnes tne he yea of tt appeal ‘oererp epi (e) nacates an eto change sae the ast evson oe Feapproval. 1, Scope 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the com- parative longitudinal tensite properties of fiberglass pipe when tested under defined conditions of pretreatment, temperature, and testing machine speed. Both glass-fiber-reinforced thermosetting-resin pipe (RTRP) and glass-fiber-reinforeed polymer mortar pipe (RPMP) are fiberglass pipes. Nore 1-—For the purposes ofthis standerd, polymer does not include natural polymer. 1.2. This test method is generally limited to pipe diameter of 6 in, (150 mm) or smaller. Larger sizes may be tested if required apparatus is available. 1.3. The values stated in inch-pound units are 10 be regarded, 4s the standard, The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only. 14 This standard does nov purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It as the responsibility of the user of this standard 10 establish appro- priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- bility of regulatory limitations prior to use Nork 2—There is no known ISO equivalent o this standard, 2. Referenced Documents 241 ASTM Standards: C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates O18 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics 638M Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plasties (Met tic) (Withdrawn 1996)! D883 Terminology Relating to Plasties "hits mato unde the jurisdiction oF ASTM Comite B20 on Psas aed i the diet espomiblty af Subcometiee 02023 on Reinforced Plastic Piping Systems and Chemical Equipment. "Curerteikon apponed March. 2014, ublshed March 2014, Orgy appoves 1962. Ls previous eon approved ia 2007 at D21US - O17) DOr 1012021050184, 2 or sefeenced ASTM sand, vst the ASTM webice arama, oF omact ASTI Casiomer Service ceriefasm.ors. Fr Ave ook of ASAE Standards ole fori, eer tothe sacs Decne Sunny pape The ASTM website, "The lst approved version of this hisercal stm is refivemed om en 11600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plas- tics 'D3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of "ibe (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe and Fittings E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines E83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Exten- someter Systems F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems 3. Terminology 3.1 General—Definitions are in accordance with Terminol- ‘ogy D883 and F412 and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology D1600, unless otherwise indicated. 3.2 Other definitions of terms and symbols relating to tension testing of plastics appear in the Annex (o Test Methods D638 and D638M. 33 Definitions of Terms Specific 10 This Standard: 33.1 aggregate—a siliceous sand conforming 10 the ‘quirements of Specification C33, except that the requi for gradation shall not apply. 33.2 exterior surface resin layer—a resin layer, with or without filler or reinforcement, or both, applied to the exterior surface of the pipe structural wall 3.33 fiberglass pipe—a tubular product containing glass fiber reinforcement embedded in or surrounded by cured thermosetting resin; the composite structure may contain ‘aggregate, granular or platelet fillers, thixotropic agents, pigments, of dyes; thermoplastic or thermosetting liners may be included. 3.34 liner—the inner portion of the wall at least 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) im thickness, as determined in 9.1.2, which does not contribute to the strength in the determination of the hydro- static design basis. 33.5. reinforced polymer mortar pipe (RPMP)—a fiberglass pipe with aggregate. 3.3.6 reinforced thermosetting resin pipe (RTRP}—a fiber lass pipe without aggregate 33.7 reinforced wall thickness—the total wall thickness ‘minus the liner or exterior coating thickness, or both. 4 Sommary of Changes stetion appears at the end ofthis standard CCopyiht by ASTM Int all sighs esrved Mon Apr28 US:4301 EDT 2014 Downlondeipmed dy Viet MOU pusus to License Agreement No futher rprodation authorly v2105 - 4. Significance and Use 4.1 Tensile properties include modulus of elasticity, yield stress, elongation beyond yield point, tensile strength, elonga- tion at break, and energy absorption. Materials possessing a low order of ductility may not exhibit a yield point. Stress- strain data at several levels of temperature, humidity, time, or other variables may be needed 10 furnish reasonably accurate indications of the behavior of the material 4.2 Tension tests may provide data for research and development, engineering design, quality control, acceptance for rejection ‘under specifications, and Tor special. purposes (Note 3). The tests cannot be considered. significant for applications differing widely from the load-time scale of the standard test (Note 4), Such applications require more suitable tests, such as impact, ereep, and fatigue. Nore 3-1ts realized that the method of preparation of « material is fone of the many variables that affect the results obtained in testing & materiel. Henve, when comparative tests of matenals pore are desired the greatest care must be exercised to ensure that all samples ae prepared Inexecly the same way: similatly, for reteree or comparative tests of sty piven series of speciens, care must be take 1 secure the maximum ‘gees of uniformity in dtl of preparation, treatment and handling ‘Nore 4—Reinforeements of plasties with giass ber offer wide oppor tunities for designing. and producing predate with markedly different responses to loading even whoa the hosie geometry of the prodict is ‘ilar Forexample, 2 wbular product may be designed to give maximam resistance to torsion Toading, but such 8 product might develo a twist or low if este in tension or under intemal pressure loading. Inthe ease of Pipe for general field we, internal pressure, as well as Toads in tension Compression, torsion, and flexure: must he resistad to. some degree Difleren pipe producers have chosen, by design, to offer prodscts Ba AifrentNalanes of resistance to wich sresing conditions As esl is important thatthe purchaser and the sller both have a cleer under stoning and agreement on the sigaiieance ofthis test method relative to the imended use, 5. Apparatus S.L Testing Machine—A testing machine of the consiant- rate-of-crosshead-movement type (Note 5) and comprising essentially the following: Nor Sis recognized thatthe constant rae-of crosshead-movernent 'ype of test leaves much to be desired fom a theoretical standpoint that sie differences may exist betwoen gage mafks on the specimen, and hat the testing speods specified dispuise important fleets characteristic of| materials in the plastic state, Further, iis realized that vargtions in the lveknesses of test specimens, which are prmited by these procedures, produce variations in the surface-votume ratios of such specimens a that these varations may influence the test resus, Hence, where direct comparable results are desired all samples should be of equal thickness and outside diametee. Appropriate mosieations of the test procedure sould be wsed when more precise physical data are needed. 5.1.1 Fixed Member—A fixed or essentially stationary ‘member carrying one grip. 5.1.2 Movable Member—A movable member carrying @ second grip. 5.1.3 Grips—Grips for holding the test specimen between the fixed member and the movaible member. The grips shall be self-aligning: that is, they shall be attached to the fixed and movable member, respectively, in such a manner that they Wi ‘move freely into alignment as soon as any load is applied. this arrangement, the long axis of the test specimen will ‘coincide with the direction of the applied pull through the ‘Copright by ASTM tt (llright rexered; Mon Ape 28 05:49:01 EDT 20 Dovmlondedvrined oy \Victnm MOU pura t Licene Agreement. No fhe eepraduton auborced, 2 01 (2014) centerline of the grip assembly. The test specimen shall be held in such a way that slippage relative to the grips is prevented insofar as possible. The grips shall be designed so that no crushing load shall be applied to the pipe ends. A suggested set of grips and mandrels is shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 5.1.4 Drive Mechanism—A drive mechanism for imparting 10 the movable member a uniform, controlled velocity with respect fo the stationary member, this velocity to be regulated as specified in 9.3. 5.1.5 Load Indicator—A suitable load-indicating mecha- nism capable of showing the total tensile load carried by the test specimen when held by the grips. This mechanism shall be ‘essentially free from inertia lag at the specified rate of testing and shall indicate the load with an accuracy of 21 % of the indicated value, or better. The accuracy of the testing machine shall be verified in accordance with Practice Es, [Nore 6—Experienes has shown that many esting machines now in use ae incapable of maintaining aceuracy for a long as the periods between Inspection recommended in Practice F4, Hence, itis recommended that each machine be studied individually and verified as often as nacessr It ‘wll requerty be necessary to perform this function dal, 5.1.6 The fixed member, movable member, drive mechanism, and grips shall be constructed of such materials nd in such proportions that the total elastic longitudinal strain of the system constituted by these pans does not exceed 1 % of the total longitudinal strain between the two gage marks on the {est specimen at any time during the test and at any load up to the rated eapacity of the machine. 5.2 Euension Indicaror—A suitable instrument for deter mining the distance between two fixed points located within the gage length ofthe test specimen at any time during the tes. Is desirable, but not essential, that this insirument automati- cally record this distance (or any change in it) as a function of the load om the test specimen or of the elapsed time from the tart of the test, or both. If only the later is obtained, load-time data must also be taken. This insirumeot shall be five of inert lag at the specified speed of testing and shall be accurate to: 1% of strain or better. Nore 7—Referonce is made to Practice EXS, 5.3 Micrometers—Suitable micrometers, reading 10 at least 6.001 in, (0.025 mm), for measuring the diameter and thickness of the test specimens, 6, Test Specimen 6.1 The test specimens shall be sections of fiberglass pipe or tubing with a minimum length of 18 in, (45.7 cm) beween ‘ips. 6.2 All surfaces of each specimen shall be free from visible faws, seratches, or imperfections 6.3 The minimum gage length shall be 2.0 in. (S.1 em) for ‘mechanical extension measuring devices. A gage length of less, Han 2.0 in. (5.1 em) is acceptable for electrical extension measuring devices, such as strain gages. 64 Gage marks may be placed on the specimen using ink, ‘rayon, scratches, punches, ete.. provided they do not damage the reinforcement,(fly pat05 - { Copyright ASTH Internationa, 100 Barr Harbor Drie, o1 West Cnshotucen, Pemsyvania 194262855 SEA ted states cf eric, This copys been ma! by he Dect for Senet and Quality (TAME) under er TM iterate seomenreo anes I seeve REINFORCING #AKD TEST SPECIMEN FIG. 1 Suggested Holding Deview for Tension Test Specimen 6.5 Pipe with high tensile properties may requite additional reinforcement atthe grip areas to prevent pipe failure from the crush load of the grips. 6.6 For determination of joint strength, specimens shall include a joint centered between the grips, 7. Number of Test Specimens 7.1 Atleast five specimens shall be tested for each sample. 7.2 Results from tested specimens that break at some obvious flaw or within one pipe diameter of the grips may be discarded. 8. Conditioning 8.1 Conditioning—Condition the test specimens at 73 = 4°F (22.7 £ 2.2°C) and 50 * 5% relative humidity for not less than 40 h prior to test in accordance with Procedure A of Methods D618, for those tesis where conditioning is required. (Copyright by ASTM Int (all igs served) Mon Apr 28 05:4501 EDT 2014 3 Downloaded ited by ‘Vietnm MOU part to License Agreement. No fre erations aorze, In cases of disagreement, the tolerances. shall (211°C) and #2 relative humidity 8.2 Test Conditions—Conduct tests in the Standard Labora tory Atmosphere of 73 = 4°F 22.7 + 2.2°C) and 50 = 5% relative humidity, unless otherwise specified in the test meth- ‘ods or in this specification. In cases of disagreements, the tolerances shall be +2°F (11°C) and +2 % relative humidity. 9. Procedure 9.1 Dimensions and Tolerances: 9.1 Wall Thickness and Diameter—Determine in accor dance with Practice D3567 9.1.2 Liner Thickness—It the test specimens conn a liner, determine the average liner thickness in accordance with Practice D3567. 9.2 Place the specimen in the grips of the testing machine, taking care to align the long axis of the specimen and the gripsAly p2t0s - fam buaerene 01 (2014) MANDREL dur, ove sine {207,06 208 w ot upper Lower SLEEVE REINFORCING BANGS youn a a e D = F e 7 7 z Te Te or ie a Be = Be Ye Be 2h Bie mm Pe o 2 Pe 2 ae Be me 2 wo ‘ Pie Ea a. Be ™ 26 1o- 1 2h Peias ¥ T w 7 o F 3 7 5 z To We Bie ae Be ma we oa Pe ae 2 oe re Bea ™ ES om ms a 3 om a8 at aoe ay + : pin me 4 a a am an ™ 5 6 = oe Nore Other sizes of pipe may be tested using ths test method by vary and testing machine. FIG. 2 Suggested Hol with an imaginary Tine joining the points of attachment of the _2nips to the machine. Tighten the grips evenly and firmly 10 the degree necessary 10 prevent slippage of the specimen during the test but not to the point where the specimen would be crushed 9.3 Speed of testing is the velocity of separation of the crossheads (or grips) of the testing machine when operating under no load. The speed of testing shall be either: 1 0.20 to 0.25 in./min (0.508 to 0.635 em/min) or 2 0.40 10 0.50 in min (1.02 to 1.27 emémin). 9.4 Atvach the extension indicator. Set the speed of testing, and start the machine. Specimens shall be carvied to failure, Record loads and corresponding deformations at appropriate Coryright by ASTM ofl :ights nerve: Mon Apr2R O5:S3,08 EDT 2014 Downloaded by Viemars MOU pusuat io Licewse Agreement No fares rproevios athe i the dimensions ofthe holding ture given in Fig. 240 fi the specimen Jing Device, Details even intervals of strain, Record the load carried by the specimen when the strain reaches 0.02 and the elapsed time from the start of the test until this point is reached. IF rupture ‘occurs before the strain reaches 0.02, record the elapsed time from the start of the test until the specimen breaks, 10. Calewlation 10.1 Tensile Sirengih—Caleulate the tensile strength by dividing the maximum (or breaking) load by the original minimum reinforced cross-sectional area of the specimen, Report the result to three significant figures. 10.2 Percentage Elongation—Calculate the percentage clongation by dividing the extension atthe moment of ruptuceah Con West of the specimen by the original distance bewe and multiplying by 100. Report the percentags two significant figures, 103 Mean Rate of Stressing—Calculate the mean rate of stressing by dividing the tensile load carried by the when the strain reaches 0.02 or at the moment of rupture, Whichever occurs first, by the original minimum reinforced cross-sectional area of the specimen, and then dividing this result by the time in seconds, measured from the beginning of the test, required (© attain this tensile load and strain, Report the result t0 three significant figures, Nore Its ealized that “meun rate of sessing” as defined in this test method has only limited physical significance. I dees, however, ahly describe the average rate at which most of te stress carried by the test specimen is applied and for that portion of the wress-train eurve in ‘which principal stessing occurs. ILS affected by the elaticity of the materials being vested but is fairly accurately determined by the method described. I cin, if desired, be determined more precisely by calculation from loadtime data, recorded especially for the purpose during a test 10.4 Mean Rate of Straining—Caleulate the mean rae of straining from a strain-time curve, plotted for the purpose, by selecting any convenient point on the curve and dividing the strain represented by the point by the corresponding time, Express the result as a dimensionless ratio per second (units per second) and report it to three significant figures. 10.5 Elastic Medulus shall be obtained by extending the initial linear portion of the loud-extension curve and dividing the difference in stress corresponding to a certain section on this straight Hine by the corresponding difference in strain, Report the result 10 three significant figures. Nore 9—Since the existence of 2 true elastic Hii in plastics, a6 in many other organic materials and in many metals is debatable, the propriety of applying the team “elastic modulus” ia is referenced generally aceepted definition to describing the “slillness” or “rigity” of 8 plastic has been seriously questioned. The exact srss-stain character ‘sues of plastic materials ae highly dependent on such Factors rae of application of stress, temperoture, previous history of specimen, ec However, stress-strain curves for pasties determined as described in this test method almont alvays show linear region at lowe stresses, and @ straight ine drown angeat to this portion ofthe curve permits calculation ‘of sm elastic modulus ofthe usually defined type. Such &coasiat fs useful if ts arbitrary nature and dependence on time. temperature, sid siilar factors are eaized 10.6 For each series of tests, calculate the arithmetic mean of all values obiained to three significant figures and report it as the “average value" for the particular property in question. 10.7 Calculate the standard deviation (estimated) as follows and repot it to two significant figures: Copyright by ASTAL Downloaded print by Vea MOU pursiamt o Liceme Agroement No father reproductions authorized (all sighs esr); Mon Apr28 05:43:01 EDT 2014 5 ght ASTI), 00 ar arr Di Conshohocken, Pennsyharis. 15426285 eT cay tas ben ma, one ve at ‘by Tre Directorate for Standaras and Quality (STAMEQ) under licer aeat PEA io a 52 VS n=) = estimated standard deviation, X = value of single observation, number of observations, and arithmetic mean of the Set of observations, x 11, Report 11.1 The report shall include the following: H.1.1 Complete identification of the material tested, includ- ing type, source, manufacturer's code numbers, form, principal dimensions, previous history, et 11.1.2 Type of test Specimen, gage length, gross dimensions, and reinforced wall thickness, 11.1.3 Conditioning procedure used, 11.14 Atmospheric conditions in test room, 11.1.5 Number of specimens tested, 11.1.6 Speed of testing, 11.7 Mean rate of stressing as calculated in 10.3, 11.18 Mean rate of straining as calculated in 10.4, 111.9 Tensile strength, average value, and standard deviation, 11.1.10 Percentage elongation, average valu deviation, HLM Elastic modulus, average value, and. standard deviation, I1.L.12 Description of type of failure, and ILL13 Date of test 12. Precision and Bias 12.1 Precision—Round-robin test programs are considered impractical for this procedure because grips used must be specially sized to fit the inside diameter of each pipe product as closely as possible for optimum results (see 5.1.3). Data obtained using this test method are nevertheless believed reliable. 12.2 Bias—Because of the lack of round-robin test ‘programs, an undetermined bias may exist for various reasons as noted in Section 4. For referee tests, the resolution of discrepancies must be resolved between the purchaser and the seller. and standard 13. Keywords 13.1 fiberglass pipe; fiberglass tube; longitudinal; reinforced polymer mortar pipe (RPMP); reinforced thermosetting resin pipe (RTRP); tensile strengthApp v2t0s - 01 (2014) ASTI itermationa takes no positon respecting io vay of ay paar ie sseerted mn connecton win ay ter mentored ‘nti stances Usae of i iandardareexpoceyacveed ta aletmmaton of he veut of ony auch pale Ans and he hk Ct inemgomentc sh AGM are analy et on respons ‘This stondard is ssf! to reveon a any tino by te oeporebe rectal commiee and mit be revised every fhe years and \wrot rood. iter reoporeved cr sraim. Your conmons ae muted early reson tt stan fr adn stats ‘ang shoud be aceressea to ASTM Intralot ossqutiers. Your comments ml reese Cel conaceraton a # mae tthe ‘espns tects comatie, which you may ator Ifyou fel at your carmars have nl Tce a fa arg you sds (rake your vems known lot ASTM Commit on Satan, tthe aint shonn balou ‘Ts stanaareiscopyrgttd by ASTH interatons 100 Bar Harbor Dive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken PA 10428-2080, LUnted Sites Irv repens (ingl or mute copies) of ns stndard may be cbiained by eotastng ASTM ot abOre sdiess 0° at 610-892-9985 (phone), 610-892 9585 (fs), Or sanicaeasimer femal): OF Wain Ihe ASTM webshe Cirmeastmor). Parrission rans to prolecory fe eared may aso be sscured hom the ASTA wets (waar on! coPyrianty. Copyright boy ASTM Int (all rghis eserves Moa Apr 2808301 EDT 2014 g Dovonlonedpemed by Vieam MOU pemsan wo License Agreement No fhe rprocutonsestord