ECDIS

Electronic chart display and

information system

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WHAT IS ECDIS
As set by IMO ECDIS comprises of:
Type approved hardware
Type approved monitor
Type approved software
And the correct electronic charts

Safety at sea
According to statistics 30% of
accidents could have been avoided
by ECDIS

What is ECDIS

AIS

ECDIS
ELECTRONIC CHART TYPES

Vector charts

All data is in a data base.

Data stored in data tables of separate
information. Tables for buoys, nav.
Aids, digitized coast lines, sounding
lines, text tables etc..
Each item stored with details of
geographic location, characteristics,
and range of chart scale it will be
shown.

Vector charts points to remember

Chart data can be manipulated.

Data not required can be removed.
Data cluttering screen can be removed.
E.g. During day transit, info. On lights can
be removed.
All removed data is still active in the
database.
Not all information can be removed from
display, e.g. minimum safety contours.

Vector charts- points to remember

Vector charts can change scale- zoom in or

out. Display will change according to scale.
e.g. Liverpool buoy.
All soundings have scale parameter.
Density of soundings as per scale.
Imagine attachment of scale factor to each
depth- appreciate the job of cartographer.
Chart details like datum, number, name
etc. only produced on demand.
Can draw a safety contour around your
ship.

Vector charts points to remember

No chart boundaries are seen. Charts

are seamless.
Chart seen in a 3D view- can detect
depth and overhead clearances.
Obtaining and maintaining of ECDIS
data done by national hydrographers
and stored centrally by IHO.
VECTOR CHARTS ARE solas
approved. Can replace paper charts.

RASTER CHARTS

Scanned image of a paper chart

Done by scanning the original
template used to make paper charts
No intelligence associated with raster
charts.
Unable to customize display
Look ahead warnings are limited

RASTER charts

Raster data is stored in picture

format.
Picture to be stored is divided in
small pixels of various colours.
Raster Charts are produced by
scanning paper charts using the
same technique as a photocopier or
fax machine.

Raster charts-points to remember

Raster data on display cannot be

manipulated by operator.
No data can be suppressed or recalled.
Raster chart must be displayed at correct
scale as the parent paper chart.
Zooming simply magnifies, no additional
data.
Must warn user when not in scale.
Of course user can select another scale
chart.

Raster chart- points to remember

When changing chart, position

transferred automatically- unlike
paper chart.
No warning about depths etc.
Cannot draw a safety contour around
ship.
Charts are not seamless, boundaries
are visible.

Raster charts

Approved raster data can be used in

ECDIS system where vector data is
not available- duel fuel mode.
Paper charts to be used as primary
source where vector data is
unavailable.

What is the difference

between vector and ENC

Electronic charts : for ECDIS

VECTOR---------ENC

RASTER---------RNC

CHARTS for ECDIS

ENC- Electronic Navigational Charts: simply
are vector charts that comply with the
following standards:
Issued by state hydrographical office - no
private charts

ENCs are referred to WGS 84 datum

Must be of S57e3 vector format

Must be of S52 ENC product specification

ENC content is responsibility of issuing

hydrographical office

How do I recognise an official ENC

WHEN USED IN AN ECDIS:
ECDIS distinguishes an official ENC
from unofficial data.
When unofficial data used, ECDIS will
warn the user by alarm.
Unofficial chart boundary will be
identified by one sided red line with
diagonal stroke on the unofficial side.

CHARTS FOR ECDIS

RNC- Raster Navigational Chart
Must be:

Issued by or under the authority of

a government

Of S61 RNC product specification

RNCs can be used in ECDIS but as
1.
Secondary mode of operation
2.
Only where no ENC published
3.
Paper charts to be available

ECDIS AND ECS

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE

Why is ECDIS different

ECDIS is different simply because

there is a standard, and any ECDIS
must comply with the standard.
Strictly regulated via SOLAS
INTEGRATED navigation display
Automatic route monitoring
Uses official electronic charts
Automatic and regular chart updates

WHICH STANDARDS BUT

ECDIS capabilities by IMO

res.817/19
S57- data transfer
S52 chart content & display
S61 raster display
IEC-61174

Dont understand numbers

Equipment to be certified- type

approved.
Equipment to be backed up.
Charts to be official
Operator to be qualified.

ECDIS
How accurate is ECDIS

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ECDIS
Requirements by various
States

Human element and ECDIS

While young navigators will often be quick

to explore the ECDIS and learn details, the
older and more experienced staff may be
reluctant users.
The danger is that electronic navigation
becomes an exercise controlled by those
with a flair for computers rather than
those with experience in navigation.
On the other hand young officers may rely
completely on electronic navigation and
ignore the need of cross checking by
traditional means.

Weather Routeing
Preparation for
future regulations

Recent IMO directive MSC/Circ.1063 establishes

minimum standards for weather routing services
onboard ship.
IMO has stipulated minimum standards for weather
routing services.

An ECDIS with integrated Weather Forecast

functions meets this new IMO regulation.

Playback Functions

Onboard briefing
(replay of previous
passages)
Analysis of emergency
situations
Court-quality data

Live
example
4:
Situation:
Hong-Kong owned MV Pretty
Source, a 47,000-gt bulker,
received in Singapore a new
charter for a passage to
River Plate, Argentina. But
some of the charts required
for the passage were
missing onboard.
Loss:
Ship sat Off-Hire for 5 days
and lost an additional
US$40,000 for hiring a supply
vessel to deliver charts.
Conclusion:
With the on-line Chart Update Service available with ECDIS, a license
code for the required charts would have been delivered via e-mail
onboard within a few minutes.

Better use of navtex

automated plotting eg NavTex

Fuel savings with Transas and SPOS

Fuel savings
Test of SPOS during a winter season for Jo Tankers was analysed in
seasons with and without SPOS on board.

The results are remarkable

when looking at the
westbound voyage tracks:
Before SPOS was onboard;
the voyage tracks were quite
conservative: south to 40
parallel and then
westbound.
When SPOS was on board;
The variation in tracks is
much greater. This is
explained by the availability
of accurate weather
information and the SPOS
route advice.

Fuel savings
The weather encountered was also evaluated and the effect
of both weather and a different track on vessel
performance such as sailed time and average speed.

The Worlds Biggest Single

Contract For ECDIS
A.P. Moller, Maersk Sea Line.

160 dual ECDIS systems

Even before SPOSChastine Maersk saved in one year over

$126,000 in fuel