Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Subordination of Muslims
TheRashtra Dharmaarticle says that Upadhyaya advocated the political
defeat of the Muslims, which will require the political defeat of Pakistan
Political defeat will end his [the Muslims] aggressive attitude and he will return
to his original Hindu nature. In this line lies the clue to why BJP president Amit
Shah made a speech claiming that firecrackers will be burst in Pakistan if BJP
loses Bihar. In the BJP-RSS imagination, Pakistanis are politically wedded
with the Indian Muslims. In effect, Amit Shah was telling the people of Bihar
that all Muslims are Pakistanis at heart and that is why they will rejoice if the
BJP is defeated. Voting for the BJP will mark a political defeat of Muslims/
Pakistanis.
According to Upadhyaya, those who advocate Hindu-Muslim unity rather than the defeat of Muslims areMuslimparast(appeasers of Muslims). In
Modi-ruled India, our ministers are telling us that Hindu-Muslim unity is divisive
because it appeases Muslims rather than defeating them.
We must remember that Upadhyaya was less explicit than RSS ideologue
MS Golwalkar about the subordination of Muslim citizens in India. InWe, Or
Our Nationhood Defined, Golwalkar wrote: Muslims living in India should be
second class citizens living on Hindu sufferance, with no rights of any kind
may stay in the country wholly subordinated to the Hindu nation claiming
nothing, deserving no privileges, far less any preferential treatment, not even
citizens rights.
This is the same Golwalkar whose unambiguousness Narendra Modi
admired in ahagiographyauthored by him in 2008. In that, the Indian prime
minister, then still the
chief minister of Gujarat,
expressed reverence for
Golwalkar as a formative
political influence.2 Not
surprisingly, the list of
great men of Indian
history with admirable
qualities cited by Modi
contains not a single
Muslim or Christian.
Moreover, it refers to
Ambedkar as the modern Manu a phrase that
could only be a deliberate
insult to Ambedkar, who
burnt theManusmriti for
Courtesy: sanitarypanels.com
2
members of the JNU faculty, and the late civil libertarian K Balagopal and
retired IAS officer and social justice expert PS Krishnan.
It is these agitations in defence of reservations and affirmative action that
the RSS refers to derisively as caste struggle and castigates Left groups for
taking up. Equating Hindu upper caste identity with Indian identity, thePanchjanyaarticle brands a range of Dalit Bahujan organisations and forms of protest
as crypto-Christian and anti-national.
defiant protests to defend civil liberties. From the walls to the library to the
classrooms to the hostels and dhabas, everything must offend the senses of
the RSS and frustrate its sensibilities.
utes many MPs, cabinet secretaries and ambassadors. But JNUs abiding
contribution cannot be measured in terms of how many of its alumni can be
found in the establishment. Just as important are the activists it has contributed
to peoples movements, and the fine scholars and researchers it produced in
a variety of disciplines. JNU and its students, faculty and alumni speak with
the greatest pride and love for the likes of Comrade Chandrashekhar, the
former JNUSU President who went to Bihar in 1997 to be a Communist Party
of India (Marxist-Leninist) activist and was killed at the behest of the politician
don Shahabuddin.
Above all, JNUs best contribution and that of every university lies
in sharpening the urge to question everything without fear or hesitation, and
sharpening the intellectual tools to answer those questions. For many, JNU
offered the space (to paraphrase Marx) to not only interpret the world in various ways, but to change it.
1. Article in RSS monthly: Deendayal Upadhyaya was against Hindu-Muslim unity,
http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/lucknow/article-in-rss-monthly-deendayal-upadhyaya-was-against-hindu-muslim-unity/
2. Modis biography of Golwalkar suggests RSS leader was vital influence, http://
scroll.in/article/669178/modi-biography-of-golwalkar-suggests-rss-leader-was-second-most-important-influence
3.http://panchjanya.com//Encyc/2015/11/2/Nn~e&bZlkbZ&o&uo&
okeiafFk;ksa&ds&xBtksM+&dk&vk.aspx
4. http://panchjanya.com//Encyc/2015/11/2/ts,u;q&njkj&dk&x<+.aspx
Kavita Krishnan is a politburo member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation, secretary of the All India Progressive Women Association, and a
former joint secretary of the JNU Students Union.
(Courtesy: Scroll.in Nov 07, 2015)
Comrade Chandrashekhar
7
lism
S !!!
ona
THI
ati
OT
rN
IS N
Ou
njvly ;g nks Hkkjr dh yM+kbZ gS tks vc fnYyh ds njokts ij nLrd ns jgh gS,d Hkkjr gS tks vius fdlkuksa vkSj vkfnokfl;ksa dks cckZnh dh vksj kdsy nsus
okyh uhfr;ksa vkSj fuT+kke ls eqfDr ekax jgk gS vkSj taxy&tehu ij muds gd dh
ekax dj jgk gS] ;g Hkkjr ds i;kZoj.k vkSj Hkfo"; dks nkao ij yxkdj iwathifr;ksa
ds ^vakkkqak equkiQs* ds [ksy dks jksdus dh ekax dj jgk gS] ;g Hkkjr efgykvksa vkSj
nfyrksa ds f[kykiQ jkstukepk cu pqdh fgalk ls yM+ jgk gS] T;knk cjkcjh] vktknh]
[kqneq[rkjh vkSj vkRelEeku ds fy,- ns'k dk ;g nwljk rlOoqj keZ ;k bykds ds uke
ij leqnk;ksa ds mRihM+u ds f[kykiQ ,dtqV gks jgk gS] ;g yksdra=k dks fliQZ cksy Hkj
8
ikus ds vfkdkj ls vkxs ys tkdj thus ds vfkdkj ls tksM+ jgk gS tgk iQSfDV;ksa ds
;qok etnwj tsyksa esa ugha lM+k;s tk;saxs] tgk Je&dkuwuksa dks iwathifr;ksa dh 'kg ij
[kks[kyk ugha fd;k tk;sxk- bl Hkkjr esa ;qok gljrksa dks vijkk ;k ^yo&ftgkn* ugha
le>k tk;sxk vkSj Fkkfy;ksa esa ijksls x, Hkkstuksa dk keZ vkSj tkfr ugha iwNh tk;sxh- bl
Hkkjr esa ckck lkgsc Hkhejko vEcsMdj dk lafokku detksj ls detksj O;fDr vkSj gj
,d dh xfr vkSj lEeku dh xkjaVh djsxknwljk lkk dk viuk Hkkjr gS ftldh dksbZ Hkh vkykspuk ^ns'kHkfDr* ds rjktw esa rkSyh
tkuh gS- bl Hkkjr dk ^v[kaM uD'kk* ukxiqj ls ikl gqvk gS vkSj ,d iqjkus feFkd dks lp
lkfcr djrh gqbZ bldh tku iwt
a hifr;ksa ds equkiQk :ih rksrksa vkSj LVkWd ,Dlpst
a ds xzkiQksa
esa clrh gS- lkk vkSj iwt
a h ds xBtksM+ }kjk ikfyr&iksf"kr ehfM;k fnujkr bldh loksPZ prk
ds xq.k xkrs gSa ftlds f[kykiQ ,d 'kCn Hkh ^ns'kksg* gS- nknjh ls ysdj gSnjkckn dsUh;
fo'ofo|ky; rd] mQcM+&[kkcM+ vkfnoklh bykdksa ls ysdj Hkkjrh; fdlkuh ds leryksa
rd] eqtiQjuxj] eaxksyiqjh gksrs gq,] nkHkksydj] ialkjs vkSj dqycqxhZ ds e`r 'kjhjksa dks
rexksa dh rjg is'k djrs gqbZ ;gh equknh ct jgh gS- ^tks gekjs f[kykiQ gS] oks ns'kksgh gS*-
vpjt gksrk gS fd ftl ns'k esa vkRegR;k djus okys fdlkuks]a isV iQqyk, dqiksf"kr cPpksa
vkSj [kwu dh deh dh f'kdkj vkSjrksa dh lkykuk&nj c<+rh gh tk jgh gks ogka jk"Vh; cSd
a
m|ksxifr;ksa dks yk[kksa djksM+ #i;ksa dk yksu ekiQ dj ns jgh gks]a Hkz"Vkpkj ds lk, esa yk[kksa
djksM+ ds j{kk lkSns gks jgs gksa vkSj ljdkj ls ysdj cM+&s cM+s Vhoh pkSuyksa ij cgl D;k]
mldk fn[kkok rd u gks jgk gks- D;k blesa ljdkj dh jtkeanh ugha gS\ D;k d`f"k&uhfr;ksa
vkSj ljdkjh mis{kk ls iSnk gq, ladV ds pyrs Hkw[kksa ej jgs] vkRegR;k dj jgs] xko&ns'k
NksMd
+ j iyk;u djrs vkSj 'kgjksa esa nj&nj dh Bksdjsa [kkus dks etcwj bu fdlkuksa ds dtsZ
ekiQ fd;s tk;sxa \s oSf'od Lrj ij ekuo fodkl lwpdkadksa ds lcls fupys ik;nkuksa ij
[kM+s bl ns'k esa nqfu;k ds dqN lcls vehj yksx jgrs gSa ftuds ikl ns'k dh 76 lEink
vk pqdh gS- vkf[kj ;g fdldk ns'k gS vkSj dSlh mldh ns'kHkfDr\
bu 'uksa dks mBkuk ns'k dk lPpk ukxfjd gksuk gS- ^gekjs VSDl ls pyrk gS
ts,u;w* ds uke ij vlgefr ds Loj dk xyk ?kksaV nsus dks vkrqj Vhoh ,adj ;g Hkwy
tkrs gSa fd f'k{kk esa lfClMh dk vfkdkj vkSj jktuhfrd jk; j[kus dh vkT+kknh dk
vfkdkj Hkh[k ugha gS- VSDl ds uke ij Nk=kksa dh vkokt nckus okys D;k okLro esa
ns'k ds ku vkSj VSDlksa dh pksjh ij cgl ds fy, rS;kj gSa\
fo'ofo|ky;ksa ls Mj D;ksa\
fo'ofo|ky; fopkjksa dh cgqrk;r vkSj cgl dh txgsa gS-a ns'k ds yxHkx gj egRoiw.kZ
dSEil ds van:uh elyksa esa ckr&ckr esa viuh ukd ?kqlkdj ;g ljdkj D;k lkfcr
djuk pkgrh gS\ dSEil esa gq, fdlh dk;Ze ds nkSjku ;fn dqN vkifktud gqvk gS
rks ts,u;w 'kklu bruk l{ke gS fd mldh tkap dj dksbZ dne mBk lds- blesa ljdkj
dk dwnuk lkfcr djrk gS fd og fdlh [kkl ,tsMa k ij dke dj jgh gSfiNys ,d o"kZ esa ftu nks phtksa us Hkktik ljdkj dh Nfo dks lcls T;knk vM+pusa
is'k dh gSa] muesa igyh cqfthfo;ksa&lkfgR;dkjksa dh kkfeZd&djiu vkSj vlfg".kqrk
ds f[kykiQ eqfge jgh] rks nwljk vkbvkbVh ekl esa vEcsMdj&isfj;kj LVMh lfdZy]
,iQVhvkbZvkbZ esa xtsU pkSgku fd fu;qfDr] vkWdqik;h ;wthlh vkUnksyu] MCywVhvks okil
tkvks bR;kfn ls ysdj jksfgr oseqyk dh laLFkkfud gR;k ds f[kykiQ vHkwriwoZ rjhds ls
mB [kM+k gqvk Nk=k vkUnksyu jgk gStks ljdkj gdhdr vkSj tehu ij gq, okLrfod dke ds ctk; ?kks"k.kkvksa vkSj
mlls Hkh T;knk best ds [ksy ls py jgh gks] mldk i<+us&fy[kus okyksa] e;&oxZ
ds rcdksa vkSj ;qokvksa ds chp esa bl rjg yxkrkj ,Dlikst gksuk mls ,d Lrj ij
cSdiQqV ij j[k jgk Fkk- oSls ;g ljdkj ^dqks ds fiYyksa* dh ekSr ij vkalw cgkus okyh
ljdkj ugha gS ij viuh Nfo ij pkSrjiQk iM+ jgh ekj vkSj bl nkSj ds ?kVukeksa us
mls ^dSYdqysVsM* vkalw cgkus ij etcwj t:j dj fn;k Fkkbu lkjs vkUnksyuksa dh xwt fnYyh esa cjdjkj j[kus dk dke ts,u;w ds Nk=k&vkUnksyu
us fd;k gS- blh dkj.k vkt ts,u;w ij bruk rh[kk geyk fd;k tk jgk gS-
ukStokuksa dks ^gj Lrj ij* vius iSjksa ij [kM+k djus ds lkFk&lkFk fo'ofo|ky;ksa
dk dke 'u djuk gS- ts,u;w 'u mBkrk gS vkSj fofHkUu vkUnksyuksa ls [kqn dks tksM+rk
gS- ts,u;w tSls f'k{k.k&laLFkku neu] foLFkkiu] xjhch vkSj mRihM+u dh nqjfHklafk dks
10
ckj&ckj 'ukafdr djrs gSa vkSj iwNrs gSa ns'k fdldk gS\ lkk dh utj esa ;gh ts,u;w
dk vijkk gSfofHkUu fopkjkkjkvksa dks ekuus okys Nk=kksa esa rh[kh cgl ds ckotwn ts,u;w esa
'kk;n gh dHkh fgalk gksrh gS- Nk=kla?k dk pquko fcuk ku&ckgqcy ds Nk=kksa dh pquh gqbZ
Lora=k pquko lfefr djrh gS ftlds fu.kZ; lcdks ekU; gksrs gS-a bl iwjs rkus&ckus esa og
ukxfjdrk curh gSa tks vkkqfud Hkkjr fuekZrkvksa dk LoIu Fkh ftls egku nk'kZfudksa vkSj
jktuhfrd fpardksa }kjk ckj&ckj mn~?kkfVr fd;k x;k gS- mPp dksfV ds lekt&foKkuh]
jktuhfrK] flfoy lsod] i=kdkj] ys[kd] oSKkfud iSnk djus ds lkFk&lkFk ukxfjdrk
dh ;g Vfs uax ^ts,u;w dk nk;* gS- fo'ofo|ky; dh izLFkkiuk ds :i esa tokgjyky
usg: }kjk nh x;h fo'ofo|ky; ds ms'; dh ifjHkk"kk bu lcesa ,d dk'k&LraHk dh
rjg jkLrk fn[kkrh jgrh gSij bl ek;us esa vkj,l,l dk joS;k cgqr vyx gS- vkSifuosf'kd laj{k.k] kkfeZd
enkUkrk vkSj tkrh; vfHkeku ds xkjs ls cuh bldh fopkjkkjk ftl jk"V vkSj ftl
rjg ds lekt dk liuk ysdj vkxs c<+ jgh gS mlesa u rks ,slh ukxfjdrk] 'ukdqyrk]
vkykspuk] cgl ds fy, xqatkb'k gS u gh reke fdLe dh vfLerkvksa] jk"Vh;rkvksa]
oafpr lewgksa ds fopkjksa vkSj vkdka{kkvksa dh lquokbZ- mUgsa xkakh&usg: tSls mnkjoknh
Hkh eatwj ugha gSa- ihfM+rksa&oafprksa vkSj ;qokvksa dh vkcknh esa vikj yksdf;rk ds pyrs
vEcsMdj vkSj Hkxr flag tSls uk;dksa ij ckr djus ds fy, etcwj gksus ij os mUgsa
Hkxok jax esa jaxuk ugha Hkwyrs- ij varr% muds uk;d ukFkwjke xksMls tSls gR;kjs vkSj
lkojdj tSls HkxksM+s gh jgrs gSa ftUgsa os bfrgkl ds dckM+[kkus ls >kM+&iksaNdj ckj&ckj
ckgj fudkyus dh dksf'k'k esa yxs jgrs gSa11
fu'kkus ij j[ks x, ;s Nk=k&Nk=kk,a kwy vkSj gljr ls Hkjs okLrfod Hkkjr ls vkrs
gSa- xjhcksa&nfyr&cgqtuksa vkSj yM+fd;ksa dk vk[kksa ns[kk ;FkkFkZ (tgk ds czk.koknh@
lkearh@enZoknh ifjos'k esa vkt Hkh utj ls utj feykuk vijkk gks) vkSj jk"Vh; Lrj
ij vk;ksftr dfBu os'k&ijh{kk ls xqtjdj ns'k dh jktkkuh esa fLFkr bl fo'ofo|ky;
rd igqpus ds fy, fd;k x;k la?k"kZ mudh etcwrh gksrs gSa- fu'p; gh blesa bykdkbZ
fiNM+siu vkSj fyax ds vkkkj ij vfrfjDr vad nsus okyh os'k&f;k bR;kfn ls mUgsa
enn feyrh gS ij bldk drbZ eryc ugha gS fd mUgsa dSEil esa dksbZ HksnHkko vkSj
eqf'dysa ugha >syuh iM+rh- ,sls esa ts,u;w Nk=kla?k dh jguqekbZ esa okeiaFk ds lkFk&lkFk
cgqjaxh Nk=k&vkUnksyu muds ikl ml thou 'kSyh ds :i esa vkrk gS ftls ts,u;w ds
Nk=k vks<+rs&fcNkrs gSadekscs'k jksfgr oseqyk tSlh ifjfLFkfr;ksa ls vkus okys ;s Nk=k vius leqnk;ksa ds
nq%[k&nnZ] vuqHkwfr;k] Hkk"kk vkSj Hkko] la?k"kZ vkSj lius Hkh ys vkrs gSa ftls ts,u;w dh
vdknfed Vsfuax vkSj 'kksk Kku&ljf.k;ksa esa <kyrh gSa- tkfgj gS ;gk fopkjksa vkSj n`f"V;ksa
dh csbargk VdjkgV gksrh gS- ,sls esa vdknfed Vsfuax ls gkfly ijk;s vkSj fojkskh
fopkjksa dks lquus vkSj le>us dh lgu'khyrk vkSj Nk=k vkUnksyu dh okn&fookn ls gh
lHkh elyksa dks gy djus dh thoar jok;r ml jlk;u dk dke djrh gS tks fdlh
Hkh vkkqfud vkSj lH; ns'k dh yksdrkfU=kd ukxfjdrk ds fy, vko';d [kkn&ikuh gSblh vFkZ esa fo'ofo|ky; ^Hkfo"; dh ulZjh* gksrs gSa ftldh dYiuk fgVyj dh ukth
lsuk ls mkkj ekxh x;h gkiQ isaV (vc iQqy) igudj lqcg&lqcg naMor djus vkSj
euqLe`fr dks gh ek.k ekuus okys dj gh ugha ldrs- tks yksx ugha pkgrs fd lkekftd
rkus&ckus] Kku&foKku ls ysdj gj ,d pht esa dqN oxksaZ dk pyk vk jgk opZLo VwVs
os bu vkkqfud ,dyO;ksa dk ;sudsudkjs.k vaxwBk vc Hkh dkV ysuk pkgrs gSavxj fofokrk vkSj frfufkRo ds Lrj ij ts,u;w ,d vFkZ esa ^feuh bafM;k*
gS vkSj ,d mnkgj.k ds :i esa fopkj vkSj O;ogkj ds Lrj ij yksdra=k dh loksZPp
ijEijkvksa o vlgefr ds Loj dks jpk,&cpk, ts,u;w gekjs ^liuksa ds Hkkjr* dk ,d
lw{e txr (Microcosm of Ideal India) gS] mldh var'psruk gS rks Hkktik ljdkj
dk ;g geyk blh ^liuksa ds Hkkjr* ij gS-
ts,u;w vkSj mlds cgkus okeiaFk ds ij geyk] nq"pkj dksbZ u;h ckr ugha gS- ij
;g bl ckj ,d u;k vk;ke ys pqdk gS- ekStwnk ljdkj vkSj mldk efLr"d vkj,l,l
13
fur u, ^nq'eu* (other) [kM+s fd;s cxSj ugha jg ldrk- igys ,uthvks] yo&ftgknh]
fiQj xkS&ekal [kkus okys] fiQj fofHkUu f'k{k.k&laLFkku vkSj muesa dke djus okys laxBu]
jksfgr tSls Nk=k vkSj fiQj ^ns'k&ksfg;ksa* dh u;h tekr vkSj tkfgj gS ts,u;w mudk x<+cqjs fnu yk pqdh ljdkj dh ;g t:jr gS fd og yksxksa dks cgdk, j[ks- egaxkbZ]
LokLF;] f'k{kk] jkstxkj] d`f"k vFkZra=k&gj izQaV ij ljdkj iQsy gksrh tk jgh gS- ,sls esa
mls ,d etcwr nq'eu dh t:jr gS tks eSnku esa fVd lds- ftlds f[kykiQ tuekul
HkM+dk;k tk lds- nknjh dk v[kykd ,d detksj nq'eu Fkk ftldh gR;k ls bl
ljdkj dh dkiQh fdjdjh Hkh gqbZ Fkh- mUgsa ,d ,slk nq'eu pkfg, ftls os gj txg
ekStwn fn[kk ldsa vkSj crk ldsa fd og ^ns'kksgh* gS vkSj ^fons'kh rkdrksa* ls feyk gqvk
gS] blfy, blds tks leFkZd tgk feysa ogka geyk djks- njvly vkj,l,l&Hkktik
viuh vliQyrk dks vak&jk"Voknh mUekn ls <aduk pkgrh gS vkSj bl mUekn dh vkM+
esa okeiaFk fojksk dks ^ekWl djsDVj* nsuk pkgrh gS,d Lrj ij ;g la?k vkSj czk.koknh rkdrksa dh ckS[kykgV dks fn[kkrk gS ogha
nwljh rjiQ ;g iQklhokn dh vken dk jkLrk Hkh lkiQ djrk gS- blfy, os ts,u;w
fookn dks yEck [khapuk pkgrs gSa- ,slk yx jgk gS fd bl NksVs ls fo'ofo|ky; ds
uke ij py jgk ;s ;q vc rd vulqy>s dbZ eqksa dks lkeus yk,xk- yksdrkaf=kd]
izxfr'khy] kafrdkjh rkdrksa ds le{k ;g ,d gh lkFk pqukSrh vkSj cgqr cM+k ekSdk
gS- vxj lgh rS;kjh vkSj le> ds lkFk blesa gLr{ksi tkjh j[krs gq, bls tuekul
ds jkstkuk la?k"kksaZ ls ,desd fd;k tk ldk rks ^ts,u;w fookn* iQklhoknh rkdrksa dk
^okVjyw* lkfcr gks ldrk gS-
Vhoh cglksa esa dqN mUeknh ,adjksa lfgr Hkktik vkSj ,chohih ds yksx ckj&ckj
okeiaFkh yksxksa dks ^oUns ekrje* vkSj ^Hkkjr ekrk dh t;* cksyus ds fy, yydkj
jgs gSa- mudks yxrk gS mUgksaus okeiafFk;ksa dh ^detksj ul* idM+ yh gS- Hkkjr tSls
fofo/rkiw.kZ ns'k esa fdlh ,d ukjs dks jk"Vokn dh dlkSVh ds crkSj is'k djuk bl
ns'k dh laLd`fr ds gh f[kykiQ gS- fiQj Hkktik ;k la?k ds yksx jk"Vokn dk lfVZfiQdsV
ckaVus okys gksrs dkSu gSa\ tks laxBu vktknh dh yM+kbZ ds nkSjku ekurk Fkk fd ^fganqvksa
dks vaxzstksa ds f[kykiQ yM+us esa viuh mQtkZ cckZn ugha djuh pkfg,* D;k mls ns'kHkDr
laxBu dgk tk ldrk gS\ tc xka/h th ns'k dks Lokoyach cukus ds fy, ukjk ns jgs Fks
fd ^[kknh oL=k ugha fopkj gS* ml le; la?k ds yksxksa us fgVyj ds lSfudksa dh [kkdh
fuDdj m/kj ys yh- ;g [kkdh Hkh oL=k ugha fopkj gS& rkuk'kkgh dk fopkj] yksdra=k
dks jkSanus dk fopkj] vius gh ns'kokfl;ksa dks ,d nwljs ls yM+okdj gR;k djus dk
fopkj] L=kh dks nks;e ntsZ dk euq"; ekuus dk fopkj- ,sls fopkjokys tc ^Hkkjr ekrk
14
dh t;* ds ukjs dks MaMs ds tksj ls ns'kHkfDr dk iSekuk cukus dh dksf'k'k djrs gSa rks
os Hk; vkSj vkrad ds tfj;s viuh ns'k fojks/h dkjxqtkfj;ksa ij inkZ Mkyus ds iz;kl esa
gksrs gSa- turk dh esgur dh dekbZ dks gtkjksa djksM+ dk pwuk yxkdj ns'k NksM+us okys
fot; ekY;k us Hkh vius dks jk"Voknh crk;k- ns'k:ih eka dks ywVus okyksa ds f[kykiQ
^Hkkjrekrk dh t;* Nki Nn~e jk"Vokfn;ksa ds eqag ls cksy ugha iQwVrkckr ysfdu blls Hkh xaHkhj gS- tks yksx ,d rji+Q ^Hkkjrekrk dh t;dkj* dj jgs
gSa ogh yksx nwljh rji+Q ns'k ds ty taxy tehu dks nslh fons'kh iwathifr;ksa }kjk ywV
dh [kqyh NwV ns jgs gSa- xksjs vaxjst pys x, ysfdu Hkwjs vaxjst }kjk ns'k dh vueksy
laink dh ywV tkjh gS- Hkkjrekrk ds fy, iQkalh p<+ x, Hkxr flag bl rF; dks
Courtesy: R Prasad, ET
HkyhHkkafr le> jgs Fks- blhfy, xksjs vaxjstksa ds lkFk Hkwjs vaxjstksa ls Hkh Hkkjr dks eqDr
djkus ds fy, mUgksaus ^bao+Qykc ftankckn* dk ukjk fn;k ftlesa eka :ih ns'k dh egt
iwtk vpZuk ugha] cfYd mldh laizHkqrk vkSj mlds ukxfjdksa dh gj rjg ds 'kks"k.k ls
eqfDr dh ckr dgh xbZ gS-
la?k dh Hkkjrekrk dh Nfo esa lksuh lksjh tSlh vkfnoklh efgyk,a 'kkfey ugha
gksrh- blfy, mudk psgjk Hkh tyk fn;k tkrk gS- tgjhys dkysiu vkSj nnZ esa fyiVk
gqvk lksuh lksjh dk psgjk] fganqRo ds Bxksa }kjk rkfM+r ^Hkkjr ekrk* ds dyafdr psgjs
dks fn[kkrk gS- lksuh lksjh tSlh efgyk,a lhks bl ns'k dh feh ls vkrh gSa vkSj blds
taxyksa] ufn;ksa] igkM+ksa vkSj yksxksa dh j{kk esa [kM+h gksrh gSa- os ns'kt (indigenous)
15
Hkkjrh;ksa dh ml vVwV laLd`fr dk >aMk mBk;s gq, gSa ftldh ijaijk oSfnd ;qx ds bl
kjrh ij iSj j[kus ds gtkjksa o"kZ igys rd tkrh gS-
lcls igys ;g ns[kuk cgqr t:jh gS fd tks yksx lsuk ds uke ij vak&jk"Vokn
iQSyk jgs gSa ogh lsuk ds tokuksa dh ekSr ds fy, Hkh ftEesnkj gSa- vktknh ds brus
n'kd xqtjus ds ckn Hkh ge vkt rd vius iM+ksfl;ksa ls lEcUk D;ksa ugha lqkkj lds
gSa\ lhek ds nksuksa rjiQ ruko ls fdldks iQk;nk gksrk gS\ vke fdlku ifjokjksa ls vk;s
gq, ukStokuksa ls cuh nksuksa eqYdksa dh lsuk dks vkil esa yM+okrk dkSu gS\ 'kghn lSfudksa
dh yk'k ij jktuhfrd mYyw lkkus ds ckn mUgsa D;ksa Hkqyk fn;k tkrk gS\ jk"Vokn ds
uke ij vkf[kj ge dc rd vius lSfudksa dks rkcwrksa esa ?kj okil vkrk ns[ksaxs\ dkSu
pkgrk gS fd nksuksa eqYdksa ds chp v'kkafr cuh jgs\
cgqr nqHkkZX;iw.kZ vkSj 'kkfrjkuk <ax ls Hkktik vkSj Vhoh ,sadjksa us lsuk ds dqN yksxksa
dks ^ts,u;w&fookn* esa mrkjdj ekeys dks vkSj rwy nsus dk dke fd;k- gdhdr ;s gS
fd blesa ls dbZ fjVk;MZ lSU;&vfkdkjh ^fjlpZ laxBu* vkSj ^fFkad VSad* dh vkM+ esa
bl mi egkns'k esa ;q vkSj ruko ds okrkoj.k dks cuk;s j[krs gSa- bldk vafre iQk;nk
nqfu;k ds fefyVh baMfLV;y dkWEiysDl mBkrs gSa- ;g loZfofnr gS fd Hkkjr nqfu;k dk
lcls cM+k gfFk;kj&vk;krd ns'k cu pqdk gSoSls Hkh Hkkjrh; lsuk cgqr cqjs nkSj ls xqtj jgh gS- gekjk gfFk;kj ctV lsuk ds
osyiQs;j ctV ls cgqr T;knk gS- gdhdr ;g gS fd lsuk esa vkRegR;k djus okys tokuksa
dh la[;k nq'eu dh xksyh ls ejus okys tokuksa dh la[;k ls T;knk gS vkSj Lo;a lsuk ds
fjdkM~lZ crk jgs gSa fd lsuk ds viQlj vkSj tokuksa esa euksjksfx;ksa dh la[;k c<+rh gh
tk jgh gS ftldk dkj.k lsuk ds vUnj dke dh ifjfLFkfr;ka gSa- xkSj dhft;s ^ns'kHkDrksa*
ls Hkjs gekjs ns'k dh lsuk esa viQljksa ds 15]000 ls T;knk in [kkyh gSa- vkf[kj yksx
lsuk esa D;ksa ugha tk jgs\ lsuk esa lcls fupys ntsaZ ij dke dj jgs tokuksa dks dbZ
fdLe ds HksnHkko Hkh lgus iM+rs gSa- vk;s fnu lsuk dh mQijh dksfV esa Hkz"Vkpkj cgqr
vke ckr gks pqdh gS ftldk vankT+kk lsuk ds Hkhrj Hkz"Vkpkj ds ekeys esa py jgh
^dksVZ vkWiQ bUDok;fj;ksa* ls yxk;k tk ldrk gS- buesa ls vfkdk'k ckrksa dks xksiuh;rk
vkSj ^lsuk dk eukscy detksj gksxk* ds uke ij nck fn;k tkrk gS;g Hkh ;ku nsuk pkfg, fd dbZ vFkksaZ esa Hkkjrh; lsuk vc Hkh vkSifuosf'kd
uLyh;rk o oxZ vkSj tkfr ds vkkkj ij pys vk jgs inkuqe (hierarchy) dks
frfcafcr djrh gS- lsuk esa HkrhZ ds ftl ^'kkjhfjd ekinaM vkSj {kerk* dks vkkkj
cuk;k tkrk gS og Hkw[k] dqiks"k.k vkSj xjhch ls xzLr 67 nfyrksa vkfnokfl;ksa dks lsuk
ds v;ksX; cuk nsrk gS- D;k lsuk vkSj ^ns'kHkfDr* fliQZ Hkjs&iwjs yksxksa dh cikSrh gS\
16
lsuk vkSj jk"Vokn dks ,d eku ysuk drbZ lgh ugha gS- lPpkbZ ;g gS fd Hkkjr
tSls ns'k esa fdlh dk lsuk esa HkrhZ gks tkuk fdlh fo'ks"kkfkdkj ls de ugha gS- bldk
vanktk lsuk dh HkfrZ;ksa esa meM+us okyh HkhM+ ls yxk;k tk ldrk gS ftuesa vfkdka'k
ek;wl gks ?kj ykSV tkrs gSa- tks yksx HkrhZ gks tkrs gSa muesa ls dbZ guqeuFkIik dh fu;fr
dks izkIr gksrs gSa vkSj lRrk muds cfynkuksa dks rexs lk Vkaxdj ^ns'kHkDr* cu tkrh
gS- vkf[kj guqeuFkIik vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa dh ekSr dk ftEek fdldk gS\ D;ksa mUgsa
igys ugha fudkyk tk ldk\ blds fy, dkSu ftEesnkj gS\
Courtesy: drambedkarbooks.com
17
and the Northeast. True, some student organisations are sympathetic to the
causes of groups that are at war with the government of the day.
But Arnab, are we supposed to hold the entire university responsible for the
activities of a few students who celebrate the deaths of policemen? Doesnt your
news channel differentiate between the death of an army soldier and that of a
policeman? How many policemen got decorated with medals when they died
undertaking rescue operations during natural disasters in the last five years?
Year after year, the issues of J&K and the Northeast have been close to
the hearts of the JNU student community. Students with diametrically opposite
ideas and ideologies. With unbelievable energy and unshakeable intentions.
Does this fact make them anti-national as a matter of definition? As a matter of
first principle? As a matter of divine imputation? No, Arnab, no. Name a place
where an Indian prime minister goes to address a public rally and says that
his government will do everything possible insaniyat ke dayre mein to wipe
peoples tears. Atal Bihari Vajpayee said that to the masses in Srinagar. This
phrase has changed the political discourse of our times. People are suffering
in Kashmir, Arnab. They are suffering in the Northeast. When it comes to the
causes behind their suffering of generations, and the broad policymaking
contours of what the governments of the day should do, the students may not
agree with you. Does the very act of highlighting the issues of J&K and the
Northeast make the students and their leaders anti-national?
Three, JNU is not a communist bastion. Not a breeding ground for leftist
organisations that do not believe in the idea of India. JNU has always been
a home for all shades of ideas. The student community is as diverse as the
subcontinent. Their ideologies are diverse. Their political plumage as colourful.
The Brahman-Shravana RSS shakhas have been active in the university since
the 1980s. You need to visit the campus to see how energetic they are. Not long
ago, in 2001, the JNUSU had a president who belonged to the rightwing ABVP.
The students in JNU are as worried about Indias future as you and I. No
leftist group has ever wanted the state to go away. They have been having
problems with the governments of the day. That is a different point. From the
leftist point of view, the legitimacy of the ideological state apparatus is always
to be interrogated. Some groups take public positions about wresting power
from the ruling elite. But nothing like overthrowing Parliament.
Remember Comrade Chandrashekhar? He was our president when I was
a student there. He was voted in twice as our leader. Of Aisa. Of Siwan. Of
old-world idealism. A beautiful human being. A sweetheart. The most innocent
pair of eyes I have seen in my life. He was killed. In 1997. Within two years of
leaving the presidents chair. Shot dead in broad daylight. At a public meeting.
Do you know the name of the venue? Jai Prakash Chowk. Was he not a patriot?
Did he not love this nation? Was he a lazy slogan-shouting student leader?
19
Courtesy: sanitarypanels.com
20
A Song or Two
(For the cognisance of Justice Pratibha Rani)
1. Setting an unusual precedence, Justice Pratibha Rani starts her bail
order on Kanhaiya Kumar with a Hindi film song "Mere desh ki dharti sona
ugle.." (My countrys land brims over with gold and pearls). The fact is that
the Government of the day are inviting crony corporates and MNCs to loot
the countrys land, its gold, its minerals, its
forests, and the countrys police and armed
forces are unleashed to massacre and murder those peasants and adivasis who defend
the countrys land and resources! It would be
interesting to know whether our honourable
judge consider this corporate plunder of our
desh ki dharti and State repression that
facilitates that plunder, to be nationalist?
And also does she think that the State which
brands defenders of land and resources
against such plunder as anti-national?
2. In the bail order, Justice Pratibha
Rani also makes emotional references of the
soldiers who give up their lives on our borders. Professor Nivedita Menon, in contrast,
refreshes our
tkus okys flikgh ls iwNks
memory with a
oks dgka tk jgk gS
poignant Hindi
b'd gS dkfry&,&ftanxkuh
film song by
[kwu ls rj gS mldh tokuh
Makhdoom
gk; eklwe cpiu dh ;knsa
Mohiuddin
gk; nks jkst dh ukStokuh
which evokes
tkus okys--a haunting
dS
l
s
lges
gq
, gSa uT+kkjs
narrative of a
dS
l
s
Mj
Mj
ds
pyrs
gSa rkjs
soldier partD;k
tokuh
dk
[kw
u
gks
jgk
gS
ing to fight a
lq
[
kZ
ga
S
va
p
yka
s
ds
fdukjs
war. Menon
tkus okys--reminds The
dkSu nqf[k;k gS tks xk jgh gS
refrain of the
Hkw[ks cPpksa dks cgyk jgh gS
song is Ask
yk'k
tyus dh cw vk jgh gS
the departing
ftUnxh
gS fd fpYyk jgh gS
solider, where
tkus okys--Courtesy: R Prasad, ET
do you go? It
22
talks about death and destruction, of weeping women and hungry children. This
song about the futility of war also goes out to all those who say it is insulting to
the armed forces to raise our voices against widespread militarization of the
Indian subcontinent. Would we all be safer, including our soldiers, if the elites
of neighbouring countries and a global military industrial complex did not have
immense stakes in keeping
bUlkiQ dh Mxj is] cPpks fn[kkvks py ds
tensions running high? 1
;s ns'k gS rqEgkjk] usrk rqEk gh gks dy ds
3. Justice Pratibha Rani
nqfu;k ds jat lguk vkSj dqN uk eqg ls dguk
preambles her bail order by
lPpkbZ;ksa ds cy is] vkxs dks c<+rs jguk
a Hindi film song to remind
j[k
nksxs ,d fnu rqe lalkj dks cny ds
students of their patriotic duties.
vius gks ;k ijk,] lc ds fy, gks U;k;
In response, noted lawyer
ns[kks dne rqEgkjk gjfxt uk Mxexk,
Sanjay Hegde (in a television
jLrs cM+s dfBu gSa] pyuk laHky laHky ds
discussion) reminded her of
another popular patriotic Hindi
bUlkfu;r ds lj is bTtr dk rkt j[kuk
ru eu dh HksaV nsdj Hkkjr dh ykt j[kuk
film song "Insaaf ki dagar
thou u;k feysxk vafre fprk esa ty ds
pe..." that she couldve drawn
- Shakeel Badayuni
inspiration from.
Sanjay Hegde
The Delhi High Court order granting bail in Kanhaiya Kumars writ petition
is an exercise in judicial niggardliness. Far from being a sentinel on the qui
vie in the defence of a citizens fundamental rights, the court seems to be
imprisoned by a sense of majoritarian rhetoric. The order is only a recognition
that the prosecution did not appear to have any material evidence against the
accused that appears to have impelled the court to grant bail.
Grant of bail is subject to some badly crafted conditions, which are sufficiently vague to warrant a withdrawal of the concessions, as and when any
application is made by the prosecution. The liberty of the citizen granted to
[1] http://kafila.org/2016/03/06/another-patriotic-song-to-counter-meredesh-ki-dharti/
23
Kumar effectively turns the Jawaharlal Nehru University campus into an open
jail or a place for his rehabilitation, and turns his faculty into prison wardens,
charged with ensuring the inmates good conduct.
Multiple Assumptions
After narrating the history of the case and recording even the prosecutions concession that there is currently no video evidence of Kanhaiya Kumar
actually raising objectionable slogans, the court sets out in detail the slogans
alleged to have been raised by some protestors. It also incorporates photographs of students and protesters holding posters that it deems anti-national.
It then goes on to say:
Today I find myself standing on a crossroad. The FIR in question has been registered only on 11th February, 2016. Investigation is at the initial stage. The petitioner
is the President of Jawaharlal Nehru University Students Union. His presence at the
spot on 9th February, 2016 has been claimed on the basis of raw video footing of
that day i.e. 9th February, 2016. The petitioner at present is in judicial custody. The
question is, in view of the nature of serious allegations against him, the anti-national
attitude which can be gathered from the material relied upon by the State should be
a ground to keep him in Jail.
As President of Jawaharlal Nehru University Students Union, the petitioner was
expected to be responsible and accountable for any anti-national event organised
in the campus. Freedom of speech guaranteed to the citizens of this country under
the Constitution of India has enough room for every citizen to follow his own ideology
or political affiliation within the framework of our Constitution. While dealing with the
bail application of the petitioner, it has to be kept in mind by all concerned that they
are enjoying this freedom only because our borders are guarded by our armed and
paramilitary forces. Our forces are protecting our frontiers in the most difficult terrain
in the world i.e. Siachen Glacier or Rann of Kutch. It is a case of raising anti-national
slogans which do have the effect of threatening national integrity
In these paragraphs, the court has made several assumptions. Firstly, that
the protests were anti-national, which is a judgment on politics and not on law.
There is no crime in Indian law which is defined or punished as anti-national.
Secondly, it puts on the elected president of the JNU students union the
responsibility of regulating and preventing anti-national activity. It like making
the president of the Patiala House Bar Association responsible for the conduct
of lawyers on the court premises.
Thirdly, it draws a false binary between soldiers defending the countrys
border and the fundamental rights of the citizenry so defended. It cannot be
the courts case that soldiers defend only citizens who shut up. As has been
pointed out elsewhere, soldiers on the border and students on scholarship
come from the same stock of impoverished peasantry that is the backbone
of this country.
24
Breathtaking Diatribe
The judgment then makes a stunning descent into anti-intellectualism:
The petitioner belongs to an intellectual class pursuing Ph.d. from International
School of Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, which is considered as hub of
intellectuals. He may have any political affiliation or ideology. He has every right to
pursue that but it can be only within the framework of our Constitution. India is a living
example of unity in diversity. Freedom of expression enjoyed by every citizen can
be subjected to reasonable restrictions under Article 19(2) of our Constitution. The
feelings or the protest reflected in the slogans needs introspection by the student
community whose photographs are available on record holding posters carrying
photographs of Afzal Guru and Maqbool Bhatt.
The faculty of JNU also has to play its role in guiding them to the right path so that
they can contribute to the growth of the nation and to achieve the object and vision
for which Jawaharlal Nehru University was established.
The reason behind anti-national views in the mind of students who raised slogans on
the death anniversary of Afzal Guru, who was convicted for attack on our Parliament,
which led to this situation have not only to be found by them but remedial steps are
also required to be taken in this regard by those managing the affairs of the JNU so
that there is no recurrence of such incident
The thoughts reflected in the slogans raised by some of the students of JNU who
organised and participated in that programme cannot be claimed to be protected as
fundamental right to freedom of speech and expression. I consider this as a kind of
infection from which such students are suffering which needs to be controlled/cured
before it becomes an epidemic.
Undeserved Liberty
The infection metaphor is allowed to develop into full gangrene in the
latter part where it notes:
Whenever some infection is spread in a limb, effort is made to cure the same by giving antibiotics orally and if that does not work, by following second line of treatment.
Sometimes it may require surgical intervention also. However, if the infection results
in infecting the limb to the extent that it becomes gangrene, amputation is the only
treatment. To enable him to remain in the main stream, at present I am inclined to
provide conservative method of treatment. Taking into consideration the facts and
25
Effectively, Kanhaiya Kumar and his comrades of the students union are
being told that their liberty is being ensured by a court that considers them
to be undeserving of it. Kumar is being set at liberty only to ensure that his
infected intellect can be cured by the supervision of his faculty, in environs
whose safety has been secured by the sacrifice of soldiers. His continued
liberty is made contingent upon good personal behaviour and by ensuring
obedience among his compatriots.
The order has collectively punished and stigmatised one of Indias best
universities. More importantly it has underlined for the rest of us, the fragility of
our freedoms, when judges fail to protect them. Our defenders and expounders
of the Constitution, as revealed by this order, can be pitiful men (and women),
dressed in a little brief authority.
(Courtesy: Scroll.in, http://scroll.in/article/804667/kanhaiya-kumar-bail-order-imprisoned-by-a-sense-of-majoritarian-rhetoric)
26
ds ckjs esa vkius loky iwNk vkSj vkidk Hkk"k.k [kRe gksus ds igys gh yksxksa us vkidh
tkfr fudky nh- eSa vkidh tkfr ds ckjs esa dksbZ fnypLih ugha j[krk gw vkSj eSa ;g
fcydqy ugha ekurk gw dh vxj vki mPp tkfr ds gksrs gSa rks vki tkfroknh gh
gksaxs ysfdu vkids foHkkx@ea=kky; ds rjiQ ls tks fpf;k fy[kh xbZ mles jksfgr vkSj
mlds lkfFk;ksa dks tkfroknh@casteist crk;k- eSMe D;k vki casteism vkSj caste
assertion dk vUrj le>rh gSa\ eS le>rk gw dh vki ;s vUrj Hkyh&Hkkfr le>rh
gSa D;wafd vkj,l,l tks vkidh ljdkj vkSj ea=kky; dks pykrk gS] og o.kZ O;oLFkk
ds uke ij tkfr O;oLFkk dks Hkkjrh; lekt dh vkRek le>rk gS vkSj vkj,l,l ds
,tsaMs dks ykxw djokus dh jktuhfrd dV~Vjrk geus le; le; ij vki esa ns[kh gSaeq>s mEehn gS fd vkius euqLe`fr i<+h gksxh vkSj vkidks tkudkjh gksxh fd
vkj,l,l euqLe`fr ds ewY;ksa dks ysdj fdruh jktuSfrd frcrk j[krh gSa- vkidks
;g Li"V gksxk fd oks ewY; nfyr vkSj ukjh leqnk; ds fr gekjs vUnj fdl rjg
dh psruk dks LFkkfir djus dk ;kl djrs gSa- eSa ,d nfyr gksus ds dkj.k bldks i<+
dj dkiQh viekfur ,oa cspSu eglwl djrk gw ysfdu ,d ukjh gksus ds dkj.k vki
ds vUnj ;g cspSuh D;w mRiUu ugha gksrha\ vki viuk Hkk"k.k nsrs le; ftruk Hkkoqd
gksus dh dksf'k'k djrha gSa] yxHkx liQy Hkh gksrh gSa] oks Hkkoqdrk D;k euqLe`fr i<+us
ds le; Hkh gksrh gS\ vxj vkius euqLef`r dks vc rd ugha i<+k gS rks mEehn djrk
gw fd ml fdrkc dks i<+us ds ckn ,d ukjh gksus ds dkj.k vki rqjar Hkktik NksM+saxh
vkSj mlls igys fdlh nfyr lkaln] tks fd mfnrjkt Hkh gks ldrs gSa] ds lkFk feydj
laln esa gh euqLe`fr dk ngu djsaxhvkius vius Hkk"k.k esa ph[k&ph[k dj dgk fd jksfgr dh e`R;q ds ij jktuhfr gks
jgh gS- eSMe 'kk;n vki bruh ukle> ugha gSa fd vki ;g ugha tkurh gSa fd jksfgr dh
e`R;q Hkxok jktuhfr dk ifj.kke Fkh- jksfgr nf{k.kiaFkh jktuhfr] ftldh okgd vki Hkh
gSa] ds f[kykiQ Fkk
ftldh dher mls
viuh tku xa o k
dj pqdkuh iM+hfiQj Hkh jksfgr dh
egkurk nsf[k;s fd
mlus vkidks ekiQ
fd;k- vkt vkidh
ljdkj o laxBu
bl ns ' k ds gj
fo'ofo|ky; dks
Nk=kksa dh dczxkg
28
leFkZu feyk gqvk gS] ds ,tsaMs dks ykxw djus ds fy, iwjh rjg frc gS- vkSj mlds
fy, ;g T+k:jh gS fd lekt ls lkspus vkSj rdZ djus dh {kerk dks [kRe dj fn;k
tk;- pwfd fo'ofo|ky; rdZ vkSj oSKkfudrk dh txg gksrs gS] blhfy, LokHkkfod
fu'kkus ij ge vk,- vki vkj,l,l ds czk.koknh fganqRo jk"Vokn ,oa dkWiksZjsV ,tsaMs
dks ykxw djus esa bruk e'kxwy gks pqdh gSa fd vkius fdlh Hkh fo'ofo|ky; dks cus
jgus ds tks ewY; gksrs gSa mudks cckZn djus dh dle [kk yh gS- vki viuh jktuSfrd
fopkjkkjk ds fr tks fd cgqlaLd`frokn esa fo'okl ugha j[krh gS] ds lkFk [kM+h gSa
vkSj ge cgqlaLd`frokn ds lkFk [kM+s gSa] ge vkils fdlh Hkh jge dh mEehn ugha
djrs gSa vkSj ftruk rsTk gks lds gkj dhft;s ge Hkh viuh rkoQr cVksj dj ds iwjs
gkSlys ls vkidk lkeuk djsaxsvafre ckr dg djds viuh ckr [kRe d:xk] ,d ckj dHkh fdlh us vkids
?kj ds ckgj ksVsLV fd;k Fkk rks vki dSejs ds vkxs vkdj jksus dh dksf'k'k dj jgha
Fkh vkSj vius cPpksa ds Mj dk gokyk ns jgha Fkha] ysfdu esjh ek ugha jks jgh gS] cl
FkksM+h fpfUrr gS ysfdu fiQj Hkh cksys tk jgh gS fd eksnh ls yM+rs jguk] Mjuk ervkids }kjk cuk;k x;k ^ns'kksgh*
vuUr dk'k ukjk;.k
Courtesy: R Prasad, ET
30