1.

John Locke- A
n English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the
most influential of Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as the "Father of
Liberalism"

Tabula Rasa-
Refers to the epistemological idea that individuals are born without
built-in mental content and that therefore all knowledge comes from experience or
perception.
2. Friedrich Froebel-
A German pedagogue, a student of Pestalozzi who laid the
foundation for modern education based on the recognition that children have unique
needs and capabilities.
What was his contribution?
Launched the first kindergarten in 1837, grounded in play and activity
and the nurturing of creativity through the systematic deployment of a
sequence of gifts.
What did kindergarten mean?
Childrens garden
3. Sigmund Freud-
An Austrian neurologist and the father of psychoanalysis, a clinical
method for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient and a
psychoanalyst.
Id-
The part of the mind in which innate instinctive impulses and primary
processes are manifest.
Ego-
A person's sense of self-esteem or self-importance.
Superego-
The part of a person's mind that acts as a self-critical conscience,
reflecting social standards learned from parents and teachers.
1. John Dewey-
An American philosopher, psychologist, and educational reformer
whose ideas have been influential in education and social reform.
Progressivism-
The term applied to a variety of responses to the
economic and social problems rapid industrialization introduced to
America.

4. Margaret McMillan-
A Christian Socialist and member of the Fabian Society.
Working in deprived districts, notably Bradford and Deptford, she agitated for reforms
to improve the health of young.

What was her contribution?

To demonstrate her care and concern with nurture as well as learning

5. Rudolf Steiner-
An Austrian philosopher, author, social reformer, architect and
esotericist.

What are Waldorf Schools?

Non-sectarian and non-denominational. They educate all children, regardless of
their cultural or religious backgrounds.

6.Patty Hill-
A composer and teacher who is perhaps best known for co-writing, with
her sister Mildred Hill, the tune which later became popular as "Happy Birthday to
You".

NAEYC-
The National Association for the Education of Young Children (
NAEYC
)
is a professional membership organization that works to promote high-quality early
learning for all young children, birth through age 8, by connecting early childhood
practice, policy, and research.
7. Maria Montessori-
An Italian physician and educator best known for the philosophy
of education that bears her name, and her writing on scientific pedagogy.

Montessori Approach- A method of education that is based on self-directed

activity, hands-on learning and collaborative play. In Montessori classrooms children
make creative choices in their learning, while the classroom and the teacher offer
age-appropriate activities to guide the process.
8. Lev Vygotsky-
A Soviet psychologist, the founder of a theory of human cultural and
biosocial development commonly referred to as cultural-historical psychology, and
leader of the Vygotsky Circle.

Sociocultural Theory-
Describes learning as a social process and the origination
of human intelligence in society or culture. The major theme is that social interaction
plays a fundamental role in the development of cognition.

9. Loris Malaguzzi-
Teacher, educationalist.

Reggio Emilia-
An educational philosophy focused on preschool and primary
education; developed after World War II.
Pedagogista- A specialist in the theory of education.
Atelierista-
A special teacher that welcomes children's ideas and ongoing projects.