Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
menyebabkan hilangnya pertimbangan dan menyebabkan rasa sakit. Nitrous oxide ini
adalah sejenis zat yang pada mulanya dapat digunakan sebagai pembius waktu
melakukan operasi oleh dokter.
10. Formaldehid
Formaldehid adalah sejenis gas tidak berwarna dengan bau tajam. Gas ini tergolong
sebagai pengawet dan pembasmi hama. Gas ini juga sangat beracun keras terhadap semua
organisme hidup.
11. Fenol
Fenol adalah campuran dari kristal yang dihasilkan dari distilasi beberapa zat organic
seperti kayu dan arang, serta diperoleh dari tar arang. Zat ini beracun dan membahayakan
karena fenol ini terikat ke protein dan menghalangi aktivitas enzim.
12. Asetol
Asetol adalah hasil pemanasan aldehid (sejenis zat yang tidak berwarna yang bebas
bergerak) dan mudah menguap dengan alcohol.
13. Hidrogen sulfida
Hidrogen sulfida adalah sejenis gas yang beracun yang gampang terbakar dengan bau
yang keras. Zat ini menghalangi oksidasi enzim (zat besi yang berisi pigmen).
14. Piridin
Piridin adalah sejenis cairan tidak berwarna dengan bau tajam. Zat ini dapat digunakan
mengubah sifat alcohol sebagai pelarut dan pembunuh hama.
15. Metil Klorida
Metil klorida adalah campuran dari zat-zat bervalensi satu antara hydrogen dan karbon
merupakan unsurnya yang utama. Zat ini adalah senyawa organic yang beracun.
16. Metanol
Metanol adalah sejenis cairan ringan yang mudah menguap dan mudah terbakar.
Meminum atau menghisap methanol mengakibatkan kebutaan dan bahkan kematian.
Akibat dari Merokok
Akibat negatif dari rokok, sesungguhnya sudah mulai terasa pada waktu orang baru mulai
menghisap rokok. Dalam asap rokok yang membara karena diisap, tembakau terbakar
kurang sempurna sehingga menghasilkanCO (karbon mono oksida), yang disamping
asapnya sendiri, tar dan nikotine (yang terjadi juga dari pembakaran tembakau tersebut)
dihirup masuk ke dalam jalan napas.
CO, Tar, dan Nikotin tersebut berpengaruh terhadap syaraf yang menyebabkan :
- Gelisah, tangan gemetar (tremor)
- Cita rasa / selera makan berkurang
- Ibu-ibu hamil yang suka merokok dapat kemungkinan keguguran kandungannya
SMOOKING DANGERS
by: Grandtino Maail
Dangers of smoking to health body has been investigated and proven by many people.
Adverse effects of smoking were already clearly known. Many studies have shown that
smoking increases the risk of various diseases. Such as heart disease and blood vessel
disorders, lung cancer, oral cancer, laryngeal cancer, cancer osefagus, bronchitis, high
blood pressure, impotence, and pregnancy disorders and defects in the fetus.
Recent research also shows the dangers of secondhand-smoke, the smoke inhaled by
people for non-smokers to be around smokers, or commonly referred to as passive
smokers.
TOXIC SUBSTANCES EXPOSURE TO CIGARETTECigarettes contain more than 4000 over the elements and at least 200 of them are harmful
to health. The main toxins in cigarettes are tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide. Moreover,
in a cigarette also contains other chemicals that are not less toxic.
Toxic substances contained in cigarettes, among others, are as follows:
1.Karbon monoxide (CO).
CO gas is a gas that has no odor. This element is produced by incomplete combustion of
carbon or carbon element. CO gas produced by a cigarette can reach 3-6%, this gas can
be sucked by anyone. By people who smoke or those closest to the smokers, or people
who are in one room. A person who is smoking will only suck the third part, the current
middle or mid-stream, while the current edge (side - stream) will remain outside. After
that smokers will not swallow all the smoke out but he semburkan again.
CO gas has the ability to bind to hemoglobin (Hb) found in red blood cells (erythrocytes)
more strongly than oxygen, so that whenever there is smoke cigarettes in addition to air
oxygen levels are reduced, plus it will be more red blood cells deprived of oxygen,
because of the transported is CO and not the O2 (oxygen). Body cells that are deficient in
oxygen will try to improve is through compensation by way of shrinking the blood
vessels or spasms. If the spasm lasts long and continuous then be easily damaged blood
vessels by the process of atherosclerosis (narrowing). Narrowing of blood vessels going
to happen everywhere. In the brain, the heart, the lungs, the kidneys, on foot, in the birth
canal, in the placenta in pregnant women.
2. Nicotine
Nicotine contained in cigarette smoke between 0.5 - 3 ng, and everything is absorbed, so
that in the liquid blood or plasma between 40-50 ng / ml.
Nicotine is not carcinogenic components. The results of thermal decomposition of
nicotine as dibensakridin, dibensokarbasol, and who nitrosamines are carcinogenic. In the
lungs, nicotine can inhibit the activity of cilia. Just as heroin and cocaine, nicotine also
has the characteristics of addictive and psychoactive effects. Smokers will feel pleasure,
decreased anxiety, tolerance and physical attachment. That is why so hard to quit
smoking.
Effects of nicotine causes the excitation of kathekolamin hormones (adrenaline), which is
spurring the heart and blood pressure. The heart was not given a chance to rest and blood
pressure will be more elevated, resulting in the onset of hypertension.
Another effect berkelompoknya stimulate platelets (blood clotting cells), platelets will
clot and eventually will clog already narrow blood vessels due to fumes containing CO
from cigarettes.
3. Tar
Tar is a kind of thick liquid dark brown or black substance which is a hydrocarbon that is
sticky and stick to the lungs. Tar levels in cigarettes between 0.5 to 35 mg per stem. Tar is
a carcinogen that can cause cancer of the airways and lungs.
4. Cadmium
Cadmium is a substance that can poison the body tissues, especially kidneys.
5. Acrolein
Acrolein is a colorless liquid substances such as aldehydes. This substance contains less
alcohol content. That is, acrolein is a liquid alcohol has been taken. This liquid is very
detrimental to health.
6. Ammonia
Ammonia is a colorless gas composed of nitrogen and hydrogen. This substance is a
sharp smell and very stimulating. So loud that there is poison in ammonia so that if any
entry into the blood circulation will result in someone fainting or coma.
7. Acid Format
Formic acid is a kind of colorless liquid which can move freely and create blisters. This
liquid is very sharp and penetrating odor. These substances can cause a person to feel like
an ant bite.
8. Hydrogen Cyanide / HCN
Hydrogen cyanide is a gas that is colorless, odorless and tasteless. This substance is the
lightest substance, flammable and highly efficient to hinder breathing and damage the
respiratory tract. Cyanide is one that contains toxic substances which are very dangerous.
Just a little cyanide is inserted directly into the body can lead to death.
9. Nitrous Oxid
Nitrous oxide is a gas that is colorless, and when inhaled can cause loss of consideration
and cause pain. Nitrous oxide is a kind of substance that can be used initially as a
tranquilizer time to perform surgery by a doctor.
10. Formaldehyde
Formaldehyde is a kind of colorless gas with a sharp odor. This gas is classified as a
preservative and disinfectant. This gas is also highly toxic to all organisms living hard.
11. Phenol
Phenol is a mixture of crystals produced from the distillation of some organic substances
such as wood and charcoal, and tar obtained from coal. This substance is toxic and
dangerous because phenol is bound to protein and inhibit enzyme activity.
12. Asetol
Asetol is the result of heating the aldehyde (a kind of colorless substances which are free
to move) and volatile with alcohol.
13. Hydrogen sulfide
Hydrogen sulfide is a kind of poisonous gas that burns easily with a strong odor. This
substance prevents oxidation of the enzyme (iron-containing pigment).
14. Pyridine
Pyridine is a kind of colorless liquid with a sharp odor. This substance can be used to
change the nature of alcohol as a solvent and weed killer.
15. Methyl Chloride
Methyl chloride is a mixture of substances valency one between hydrogen and carbon are
the main elements. This substance is toxic organic compounds.
16. Methanol
Methanol is a kind of lighter fluid volatile and flammable. Drinking or sucking methanol
cause blindness and even death.
As a result of smoking
Negative consequences of smoking, is already starting to feel at the time a new person
started smoking cigarettes. In a smoldering cigarette smoke because it sucked, tobacco
burns less than perfect so as to produce CO (Carbon mono-oxide), which in addition to
its own smoke, tar and nicotine (which occurs also from the burning of tobacco) is
inhaled into the airway.
CO, Tar, and Nicotine affects the nerve that causes:
- Restlessness, hands shaking (tremors)
- Taste / appetite is reduced
- Pregnant women who like to smoke can be the possibility of miscarriage abortion
Tar and Smoke
Tar and cigarette smoke stimulates airway, and the tar was buried disaluran it is causing:
- Cough, cough or shortness of breath
- Tar is stuck in the airway can cause airway cancer,
tongue or lips
Nicotine
Nicotine stimulates the rise of adrenaline hormone which causes the kidneys of children:
- Heart palpitations
- Increased blood pressure and cholesterol levels in blood,
pliers closely with the occurrence of heart attacks
CO gas (Carbon Mono Oxide)
CO gas is also negatively affect the airway of blood vessels.
Carbon mono-oxide is more easily bound to hemoglobin than oxygen
Therefore, the blood of many people who take in CO, is reduced power for oxygen
transport means and people can die due to carbon mono oxide poisoning. In a smoker is
not going to happen CO poisoning, but the influence of CO is inhaled by the smoker with
little by little, slowly but surely will have a negative influence on the airway.
source:
http://bahayamerokok.com
http://www.gizi.net
http://nusaindah.tripod.com/akibatmerokok.htm
http://www.smallcrab.com/kesehatan/505-penyakit-yang-diakibatkan-merokok
http://peyank.wordpress.com/2007/11/01/racun-dalam-rokok/
This post has no tags