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This is an action at law and in equity for patent infringement, arising under the
Patent Act, 35 U.S.C. 1, et seq. This action represents an amendment to claims that have been
pending against CVS since 2012 in the United States District Court for the District of Colorado.
Crocs has filed this amended complaint in the present Court to address recent objections and
representations by CVS pertaining to its corporate presence in Colorado. Upon filing these
amended claims, Crocs will dismiss the pending complaint against CVS in Colorado.
2.
CVS has manufactured, used, offered for sale, sold, and/or imported molded
footwear throughout the United States that copies Crocss well-known footwear design and
infringes Crocss rights in U.S. Patent No. D 517,789 (the 789 Patent) and U.S Patent No. D
632,465S (the 465 Patent). CVSs products are not manufactured by Crocs, nor is CVS
connected or affiliated with, or authorized by, Crocs in any way. This action seeks injunctive
relief and monetary damages to remedy the harm to Crocs caused by CVSs infringement of
Crocss patent rights.
PARTIES, JURISDICTION AND VENUE
3.
On information and belief, CVS Health Corp., formerly known as CVS Caremark
Corp., is a Delaware corporation with a principal place of business at One CVS Drive,
Woonsocket, Rhode Island 02895.
5.
principal place of business at One CVS Drive, Woonsocket, Rhode Island 02895.
6.
The Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this case pursuant to 28 U.S.C.
1331 and 1338(a) and (b), because this case presents well-pleaded federal questions arising
under the Patent Act, 35 U.S.C. 1, et seq.
7.
The exercise of in personam jurisdiction over CVS comports with the laws of the
State of Florida and the constitutional requirements of due process because CVS has committed
acts of infringements in violation of 35 U.S.C. 271(a), and places infringing products into the
stream of commerce, with the knowledge or understanding that such products are sold in the
State of Florida, including this District. On information and belief, CVS has derived substantial
revenue from the sale of infringing products in this District, expects its actions to have
consequences in this District, and has derived substantial revenue from interstate and
international commerce.
-2-
8.
1400(b), because on information and belief, CVS transacts business within this District, has
imported into this District, and has offered for sale in this District products that infringe Crocss
patents. In addition, a substantial part of the events giving rise to the claims occurred in this
District.
GENERAL ALLEGATIONS
CROCS, INC.
9.
men, women and children, which incorporate Crocss patented designs and technology.
10.
department stores, specialty footwear stores, sporting goods retailers, and outdoor retailers.
Crocs footwear is also sold through a variety of specialty channels, including gift shops,
uniform suppliers, independent bicycle dealers, specialty food retailers, and health and beauty
stores. Crocs distributes its products in over 125 countries worldwide. In addition, Crocs sells
its footwear through its websites, including but not limited to, www.crocs.com and
www.crocsrx.com, and in kiosks in shopping malls throughout the country. The Crocs brand has
become well-known for the design, manufacture and sale of distinctive molded footwear and
related products worldwide.
THE 789 PATENT
11.
On March 28, 2006, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office duly, properly and
legally issued U.S. Patent No. D 517,789, entitled Footwear, with Crocs as the assignee. A
copy of the 789 Patent is submitted with this Complaint as Exhibit A.
-3-
12.
The 789 Patent claims an ornamental design for footwear as shown and described
13.
On February 24, 2010, the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit
issued a decision confirming the 789 Patent and finding that several products, including ones
similar, if not identical, to the footwear sold by CVS, infringe the 789 Patent. The Federal
Circuits decision also acknowledges the fact that Crocs shoes, which practice the 789 patent,
enjoyed a great deal of commercial success and industry praise and that others in the industry
have been copying Crocs inventions.
-4-
On February 15, 2011, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office duly, properly and
legally issued U.S. Patent No. D 632,465 S, entitled Footwear, with Crocs as the assignee. A
copy of the 465 Patent is submitted with this Complaint as Exhibit B.
15.
The 465 Patent claims an ornamental design for footwear as shown and described
-5-
Through its retail division, CVS Pharmacy, CVS has manufactured, used, offered
for sale, sold, and/or imported molded footwear that infringes the 789 Patent, including, but not
limited to, Doggers toddler clogs (pictured below), which are distributed throughout the United
States by U.S.A. Dawgs, Inc. (Dawgs).
17.
Through its retail division, CVS Pharmacy, CVS has manufactured, used, offered
for sale, sold, and/or imported molded footwear that infringes the 465 Patent, including, but not
limited to, Fleece-Lined Doggers clogs, which are distributed throughout the United States by
Dawgs. For example, CVS Pharmacy has offered for sale Fleece-Lined Doggers clogs in its
product brochures and advertisements directed to this District.
-6-
18.
Crocs holds other patents for its footwear products, in addition to the 789 and
465 Patents, including U.S. Patent No. 6,993,858 B2, entitled Breathable Footwear Pieces.
CVSs molded footwear may also infringe these other patents.
19.
The infringing footwear products that CVS manufactures, uses, offers for sale,
sells, and/or imports throughout the United States are not manufactured by Crocs; nor has Crocs
licensed, authorized, sponsored, endorsed, or approved CVSs actions in any way; and CVS is
not associated or connected with Crocs. Crocs has never provided any authorization, license,
assignment, or other permission to CVS to use the 789 or 465 Patents.
20.
The fact that the Doggers clogs sold by CVS are obvious imitations of well-
known and successful Crocs styles, which the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal
Circuit has addressed at least as to the 789 Patent, shows that CVSs conduct is intentional and
in bad faith.
21.
To the extent CVS continues to sell, offer for sale, import, and distribute molded
footwear, including, without limitation, the Doggers clogs, that infringes the 789 Patent, and
to the extent CVS continues to sell, offer for sale, import, and distribute molded footwear,
including, without limitation, the Fleece-Lined Doggers clogs, that infringes the 465 Patent,
its infringing actions are causing irreparable harm to Crocs for which Crocs has no adequate
remedy at law.
HISTORY OF CROCSS CLAIMS AGAINST CVS
22.
On August 8, 2012, Crocs first filed its claims arising from infringement of the
789 patent against CVS in the United States District Court for the District of Colorado, in Civil
Action No. 1:12-cv-02096-PAB. On information and belief, between 2006 and 2012, CVS
owned or maintained retail pharmacy locations in Colorado, a Pharmacy Benefit Management
-7-
office in Colorado, and a CarePlus Pharmacy located in Denver, Colorado, making the exercise
of jurisdiction reasonable as of the time the lawsuit was filed. Moreover, patent infringement
claims relating to the same Dawgs-branded footwear sold by CVS were already pending against
Dawgs, its affiliated entity Double Diamond Distribution, Ltd. (DDD), and others, in Civil
Action No. 06-cv-00605-PAB-KMT (the Colorado Action). Therefore, the interest of judicial
economy was served by having claims relating to the same infringing footwear and raising a
common set of factual and legal issues pending before the same court.
23.
Shortly after Crocs brought suit against CVS in Colorado, that lawsuit was
consolidated with the Colorado Action in light of the existence of common issues of fact. Within
weeks, and prior to discovery being taken of Dawgs, DDD or CVS, the Colorado Action was
stayed at the request of Dawgs and DDD, given that Dawgs and DDD had petitioned the U.S.
Patent Office to reexamine the 858 and 789 Patents.
24.
On April 21, 2016, at the request of Dawgs and DDD, the stay in the Colorado
Action was lifted. On May 23, 2016, CVS moved to dismiss the claims against it for lack of
personal jurisdiction.
25.
In the interest of conserving judicial resources, and to prevent the need for Crocs
to maintain a separate lawsuit against CVS in a separate forum that raised similar questions of
fact and law, Crocs offered to dismiss CVS from the Colorado Action without prejudice, so long
as Dawgs, DDD and CVS stipulated that (1) all shoes sold by Dawgs or DDD to CVS during the
relevant time periods were sold to CVS within the United States; (2) Dawgs and DDD would
retain samples of each shoe sold to CVS and documents sufficient to show revenue and volume
of all sales of shoes to CVS; and (3) CVS would not rely on its status as a non-party to the
Colorado Action as a basis for objecting to discovery served on it in the Colorado action.
-8-
Counsel for CVS rejected Crocss proposal. Consequently, Crocs is amending its claims against
CVS in this forum, and will voluntarily dismiss its complaint against CVS in the Colorado
Action upon the filing of this action.
CLAIM FOR RELIEF
Infringement of the 789 Patent 35 U.S.C. 1, et seq.
26.
Crocs hereby incorporates each of the preceding paragraphs as if fully set forth
27.
CVS has manufactured, used, offered for sale, sold, and/or imported footwear
herein.
products, including, but not limited to, the Doggers clogs, that infringe the 789 Patent, in
violation of 35 U.S.C. 271(a).
28.
As a result of CVSs infringement of Crocss rights in the 789 Patent, Crocs has
suffered and, to the extent infringement is ongoing, will continue to suffer damages in an amount
to be proved at trial. In addition, Crocs is entitled to recovery of CVSs profits pursuant to 35
U.S.C. 289.
29.
CVSs infringement of the 789 Patent has been with full knowledge of the 789
Patent and Crocss rights therein. Any continued infringement with full knowledge of the 789
Patent and Crocss rights therein is willful.
30.
CVSs willful infringement of Crocss rights in the 789 Patent warrants an award
of treble damages under 35 U.S.C. 284, and makes this an exceptional case warranting an
award of Crocss reasonable attorneys fees and costs under 35 U.S.C. 285.
31.
CVSs infringement of the 789 Patent has caused irreparable harm to Crocs, and
will continue to do so unless enjoined. As a result, Crocs is entitled to injunctive relief pursuant
to 35 U.S.C. 283.
-9-
Crocs hereby incorporates each of the preceding paragraphs as if fully set forth
33.
CVS has manufactured, used, offered for sale, sold, and/or imported footwear
herein.
products, including, but not limited to, Fleece-Lined Doggers clogs, that infringe the 465
Patent, in violation of 35 U.S.C. 271(a).
34.
As a result of CVSs infringement of Crocss rights in the 465 Patent, Crocs has
suffered and, to the extent infringement is ongoing, will continue to suffer damages in an amount
to be proved at trial. In addition, Crocs is entitled to recovery of CVSs profits pursuant to 35
U.S.C. 289.
35.
On information and belief, CVSs infringement of the 465 Patent has been with
full knowledge of the 465 Patent and Crocss rights therein at least as of the filing of this
amended complaint. Any continued infringement with full knowledge of the 465 Patent and
Crocss rights therein is willful.
36.
CVSs willful infringement of Crocss rights in the 465 Patent warrants an award
of treble damages under 35 U.S.C. 284, and makes this an exceptional case warranting an
award of Crocss reasonable attorneys fees and costs under 35 U.S.C. 285.
37.
CVSs infringement of the 465 Patent has caused irreparable harm to Crocs, and
will continue to do so unless enjoined. As a result, Crocs is entitled to injunctive relief pursuant
to 35 U.S.C. 283.
PRAYER FOR RELIEF
WHEREFORE, Crocs prays for entry of judgment granting:
- 10 -
A.
according to proof;
C.
An award to Crocs of the total profits received or derived by CVS from the
manufacture, marketing, sale, offering for sale, and/or distribution of products bearing or using
any copy or colorable imitation of the 789 Patent or 465 Patent pursuant to 35 U.S.C. 289;
D.
A declaration that CVSs infringement and other wrongful acts herein alleged be
determined deliberate, willful, and in conscious disregard of Crocss rights pursuant to 35 U.S.C.
284;
E.
Compensatory damages;
H.
I.
Such other and further equitable and legal relief as this Court deems just and
proper.
- 11 -
JURY DEMAND
Crocs hereby demands a trial by jury on all issues so triable.
Respectfully Submitted,
/s/Gerald E. Greenberg
GERALD E. GREENBERG
Florida Bar No. 440094
ggreenberg@gsgpa.com
FREDDY FUNES
Florida Bar No. 87932
ffunes@gsgpa.com
GELBER SCHACHTER & GREENBERG, P.A.
1221 Brickell Avenue, Suite 2010
Miami, Florida 33131
Telephone: (305) 728-0950
Facsimile: (305) 728-0951
E-service: efilings@gsgpa.com
and
MICHAEL A. BERTA [Pro Hac Vice Pending]
Michael.berta@aporter.com
SEAN CALLAGY [Pro Hac Vice Pending]
Sean.Callagy@aporter.com
LARA PALANJIAN [Pro Hac Vice Pending]
Lara.Palanjian@aporter.com
ARNOLD & PORTER LLP
Three Embarcadero Center, Tenth Floor
San Francisco, CA 94111
Telephone: (415) 471-3277
Facsimile: (415) 471-3400
Attorneys for Crocs, Inc., Plaintiff
- 12 -
EXHIBIT A
FOOTWEAR
(75)
Inventor.
(73)
(**)
Tenn;
CA
2375957
9/2002
EP
0 802 039 A2
M997
EP
0 802 040 A2
10/1997
EP
0 884 005 A1
12/1998
EP
14 Years
0 802 041 A2
GB
M997
2322286
(22) Filed:
US D517,789 S
45 Date of Patent:
8/1998
OTHER PUBLICATIONS
http://Web.archive.org/Web/19980420230857/WWW.birken
stock.com/featprof.htm (3 pages).
Related US. Application Data
,W 10
ma
rs
36/10, 11.5
(56)
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1,392,350 A
2,180,924 A
2,470,089 A
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4,032,611
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4,408,401
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4,967,750
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Seidel et a1.
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Solow
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Stein
PoZZobon
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Gelli
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US D517,789 S
Page 2
A
S
A
S
9/1998
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EXHIBIT B
(75)
FOOTWEAR
**
Term
14 Years
3/2008 Seamans
D564,204 S
3/2008 Seamans
13564205 5
135641207 S
3/2008 Seamans
3/2008 Seamans
D564,208 S
3/2008 Seamans
3/2008
File/d1
Anastasiadis
D564749 S
30008 Seamans
D567,48l S
4/2008 Hoyt
D567,482 s
4/2008 Hoyt
D563,082 S
D564,395
US D632,465 S
(Continued)
000061122-0001
11/2003
(Continued)
OTHER PUBLICATIONS
(51)
(52)
(58)
LOC (9) Cl
US. Cl. ...... .... ...... ... ........ .. D2/923; D2/896; D2/926
Field of Classi?cation Search ................ .. D2/896,
3/1998 Caldwell
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D450,261
D473,040
D498,901
6,993,858
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D517,790
D525,419
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7,146,751
D535,088
D543,341
2/2001 Gray
S
S
S
B2
S
S
S
S
S
B2
S
S
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*
(Commued)
Primary ExamineriDOminiC Simone
(74) Attorney, Agent, or FirmiFaegre & Benson LLP
(57)
CLAIM
2/2008 Hoyt
US D632,465 S
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US. PATENT DOCUMENTS
D575,937
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D579,182
D579,651
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D599,538
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D610,784
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*
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4/2008 Liow
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7/2008
S
S
S
S
S
S
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S
S
S
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The JS 44 civil cover sheet and the information contained herein neither replace nor supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, except as
provided by local rules of court. This form, approved by the Judicial Conference of the United States in September 1974, is required for the use of the Clerk of Court for the purpose
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Example: U.S. Civil Statute: 47 USC 553
Brief Description: Unauthorized reception of cable service
VIII. Requested in Complaint. Class Action. Place an X in this box if you are filing a class action under Rule 23, F.R.Cv.P.
Demand. In this space enter the dollar amount (in thousands of dollars) being demanded or indicate other demand such as a preliminary injunction.
Jury Demand. Check the appropriate box to indicate whether or not a jury is being demanded.
Date and Attorney Signature. Date and sign the civil cover sheet.
SouthernDistrict
Districtof
of__________
Florida
__________
Plaintiff(s)
v.
CVS Health Corporation, formerly known as CVS
Caremark Corporation, a Delaware corporation; and
CVS Pharmacy, Inc., a Delaware corporation,
Defendant(s)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
Michael A. Berta
ARNOLD & PORTER LLP
Three Embarcadero Center
Tenth Floor
San Francisco, California 94111
If you fail to respond, judgment by default will be entered against you for the relief demanded in the complaint.
You also must file your answer or motion with the court.
CLERK OF COURT
Date:
Signature of Clerk or Deputy Clerk
; or
I left the summons at the individuals residence or usual place of abode with (name)
, a person of suitable age and discretion who resides there,
on (date)
, who is
; or
; or
Other (specify):
.
My fees are $
0.00
Date:
Servers signature
Servers address
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SouthernDistrict
Districtof
of__________
Florida
__________
Plaintiff(s)
v.
CVS Health Corporation, formerly known as CVS
Caremark Corporation, a Delaware corporation; and
CVS Pharmacy, Inc., a Delaware corporation,
Defendant(s)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
If you fail to respond, judgment by default will be entered against you for the relief demanded in the complaint.
You also must file your answer or motion with the court.
CLERK OF COURT
Date:
Signature of Clerk or Deputy Clerk
; or
I left the summons at the individuals residence or usual place of abode with (name)
, a person of suitable age and discretion who resides there,
on (date)
, who is
; or
; or
Other (specify):
.
My fees are $
0.00
Date:
Servers signature
Servers address
Save As...
Reset