Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
THE
SEVEN
BOOKS
OF
iEGINETA.
PAULUS
TRANSLATED
FROM
THE
GREEK.
WITH
COMMENTARY
A
EMBRACING
COMPLETE
BY
POSSESSED
GREEKS,
OF
VIEW
THE
ARABIANS
AND
ROMANS,
KNOWLEDGE
THE
ON
ALL
SUBJECTS
CONNECTED
BY
FRANCIS
IN
MEDICINE
WITH
THREE
VOL.
SURGERY.
AND
ADAMS.
VOLUMES.
III.
LONDON
PRINTED
FOR
THE
MDCCCXLVI
SYDENHAM
SOCIETY
I.
;en by
-RVATION
SERVICES
PRF:
SIP
DATE.
^99\
par
XT
ED
liY
C.
HAUTHOt,OMt!:\V
AND
J.
C|.nsP-
ADl.ARD,
I
the
it necessaiy
THINK
in
plan
restricted
the
which
this
rule
it will
accordingly
adhered,
except
in
that
be
be
few
the
of
and
to
bring
down
might
see
the
of
course
from
the
preceding
two
of the
ancients.
practical
the
at
once
art, and
of the
this
and
the
it
purposes,
annotations
what
in
modern
to
is
the
what
the
work
actually
exact
medicinal
were,
these
have
otherwise
would
the
subjects
practice of
the
first
render
to
to
me
substances
according
the
formation
in-
ready
to
necessary
times,
import
cine
medi-
of
volumes
has
with
prevailed
preceding
appeared
the
frequently
how
order, therefore,
In
in
used
substances
macy
Phar-
reader
ordinary
opinion
some
and
from
me
with
it
subject-matter
Medica
known
to
from
for
or
indispensable,
connected
of
the
to
the
to
generally
departure
with
was
is well
have
apparent
on
work
my
illustration,
of
to
had
literature, and
Materia
proceeding
It
of
course
where
the
that,
Society,
that
dealing
work
it is stated
ancient
of
sake
differences
contained
for
in
sciences
the
what
many
by. the
access
the
whole
the
the
instances,
impaired.
nomenclature
regard
the
tained
con-
professional opinions
observed
be
namely,
of
of
period
But
plan
of
much
changed,
deviation
Sydenham
in
ancients, it became
different
very
of
explanation
Commentary
Volume
the
of
for
volume,
usefulness
terms
the
demanded
present
of
the
called
properly
special object.
the
the
some
First
gave
treated
subjects
is
of
in
in
of
what
other
in
volume,
Council
history
various
to
find
the
to
of the
the
^eemed
words
few
Commentaries
Advertisement
advice
the
by
will
VOLUME.
executed.
were
the
the
THIRD
say
reader
which
volumes
to
concluding
this, my
upon
In
the
why
reason
THE
TO
ADVERTISEMENT
that
so
of
the
ancient
mentioned
to
the
one
nomen-
in
ADVERTISEMENT
vi
clature
the
of the
TO
present
age.
in
this
Commentary
modern
authorities^ and
only
not
from
THE
likewise
from
contains
the
Materia
Medica,
treated
are
and
has
the
their
authority
and
him
fair to
this
on
him
to
of my
I have
to
for the
would
at
the
to
make
it
gave
knowledgment
gratefulac-
my
received
which
it is
time
same
him
for
which
they speak
their
proceedings
merit
they
volumes
in
anywise
turn
may
out
repertory
and
If
exertions
my
which
of
work,
the
I have
Toiov
in
June
21st, 1847.
of
in
in the
Annual
that
whatever
degree
of
be
wanting
in
not
to
Report
together,
constitute
Sydenham
the
more
judgment
Society
certainlynever
bestowed
turning
re-
selectingmy
flatteringterms
taken
be
Council
the
upon
ToSf
a7ri/3"j
shall
of
three
copious
which
is
the
generally
it.
irpayna,
F.
Banchory,
to
professionalsubjects than
such
B'
the
to
me
very
to
on
1 shall
thanks
found
that,
opinions
elsewhere.
on
be
acknowledged
intelligentmembers
pronounce
the
I trust
it will
opportunity
upon
first volume
in
of ancient
found
for
undertaking
present
conferred
for 1845.
parts,
be
will
and
of the
discovered
succeeding
the
expression of
they
publication,
laborious
my
embrace
which
honour
work
and
who
assistance
but
advanced
herein
sincere
most
my
be
right
no
having brought
now,
conclusion,
to
in
erroneous.
And
the
work
owe
and
which
described
now
Council,
advice
the
satisfaction
plan
and
articles
much
the
Pereira
Dr.
valuable
part
state
of
but
authors,
various
the
lected,
col-
commentators
ancient
the
that
state
To
approval.
and
I have
sanction
for much
from
of
And
to
power
my
entire
work.
other
to
materials
Botany, Mineralogy,
on
illustration
of in this
it in
ha^dng
in
herbalists
that
references
in
variety of
earlier
writers
recent
abounds
volume
found
it will be
Accordingly
Dioscorides, Theophrastus,
on
VOLUME.
THIRD
A.
CONTENTS
OF
VOLUME.
THIRD
THE
BOOK.
SEVENTH
PAGE
SECT.
1.
On
the
Temperaments
2.
On
the
Order
On
3.
On
the
the
indicated
as
the
by
their
Tastes
Temperaments
medicines
simple
Third
Materia
Simple
of
Simples
the
to
the
On
of
of
Powers
Substances
Degrees
powers
Appendix
4.
and
of
....
17
individually
Section
Medica
the
by
On
"
the
introduced
Substances
into
Arabians
424
Medicines
Purgative
480
....
On
things
those
which
bile
evacuate
481
.
Medicines
which
evacuate
black
Medicines
which
evacuate
phlegm
bile
48.3
ib.
....
Medicines
which
evacuate
484
water
....
On
cholagogues
On
melanogogues
On
phlegm
On
.1.
On
6.
On
8.
On
492
agogues
Compound
the
......
the
the
ib.
......
Purgatives
is
of
to
493
.....
of
Management
dose
On
491
......
hydragogues
what
7.
489
......
be
those
done
to
Purgatives
of
Treatment
those
take
who
Purgative
On
Liniments
to
to
the
be
On
pi'oper
499
.
Hiera;
500
applied
to
the
Anus,
and
purgative
Applications
Navel
502
.
10.
by
and
497
9.
purged
not
are
Medicines
......
Hypercatharsis
called
Antidotes
who
Emetics
503
........
Modes
of
administering
hellebore
.504
CONTENTS.
Vlll
PAGE
SECT.
On
11.
of
kinds
different
the
Antidotes
510
....
On
12.
Trochisks,
528
Troches
or
.....
13.
On
Dry
14.
On
Liniments
to
15.
On
Delicious
and
and
Applications
and
Mouth
the
Officinal
536
(Smegmata)
Abstergents
Throat
541
Potions
544
....
16.
On
Collyria
Agglutinative
and
548
Applications
.
17.
On
from
18.
On
and
Plasters,
of
Works
the
added
are
and
Antyllus,
the
on
the
to
On
and
(Dropaces),
Liniments,
On
21.
On
Different
On
oil
558
Plasters
Sinapisms
of
Preparations
581
Oil
and
Ointments
589
ffinantharia
598
.
22.
them,
to
wax
Calefacient
20.
of
576
(Acopa),
Ointments
Restorative
of
proportion
19.
boiling
Epithemes
and
Plasters
Emollient
which
things
those
Perfumes
and
Cyphi
599
......
23.
24.
On
On
the
of
Preparations
from
Pessaries,
the
which
Masucha,
of
Works
call
some
Antyllus
ib.
.
25.
On
which
Medicines
Works
of
be
may
substituted
General
On
Weights
Index
and
for
from
another,
one
the
Galen
604
.
26.
601
Masuaphium
Measures
609
......
629
JIGINETA.
PAULUS
BOOK
of
treat
to
are
we
I.
SECT.
is
safe
not
of
are
for
of
colour
every
But
in
come
thereby
is
in
may
they
cuts,
are
of
Simple
mentioned
in
the
incrassate
a
divides,
cold
and
attenuates,
it
parts,
is
of
or
of
hot,
all
and,
in
desiccative
removes
them
of
and
tongue
then,
their
of
nature.
all
obstructions,
colours,
sense,
these
That
not
subjected
so
their
obstruct,
to
is
moistening
in
powers
contract,
addition
the
gree
de-
And
their
bodies
excite
their
the
substance.
and
tain
cer-
hotness,
from
the
they
to
but
their
cold, drying,
parts
clearly
hot
are
sist
con-
whether
substances,
the
to
substances
clear
not
and
judge
it to
AS
regard
inodorous
of
the
judge
for
inequality
tasting,
Avith
contact
one
and
both
with
smell
particles
found
are
Astringents,
dispel,
work^
SUBSTANCES
odorous
and
their
the
impracticable
more
fine
of
of
because
substances.
it
of
tenuity
the
indicated,
still
nature
but
particles,
consist
extent,
of
whole
the
TASTES.
the
objects
sensible
cold
or
THEIR
from
judge
thick
of
hot
those
OF
BY
to
of
temperament
indeed
of
TEMPERAMENTS
THE
ON
INDICATED
It
of
Medicines,
all
especially
more
last
books.
preceding
six
of
properties
the
and
Compound,
and
and
seventh
tbe
being
book,
this
In
SEVENTH.
to
that
peraments.
tem-
condense,
properties,
which
and
is
acid,
cleanses
SIMPLES.
witliout
in
; but
heating
being
the
acid
the
acid
cokl, and
is
is
like
In
hot
which
and
attennant,
heat.
"What
is
salt
decided
without
softens, and
heat
rarefies
cold.
or
:
but
this, that
is
what
humours
is sweet
denses,
con-
that
But
stupefies.
pickle, dries,
as
and
the
cold, incrassate,
preserves
"VMiat
down,
thick
the
cuts
is watery
braces,
contracts,
this,that
cleanses
is bitter
acid
and, further, in
that
the
it in
differs from
attracts, discusses,breaks
manner,
and
detergent
sensible
without
acrid
the
vii.
acrid, resembles
is
purging, but
the acrid
repels,but
is escharotic.
pores,
and
attennant
which
that
[book
relaxes, concocts,
is
relaxes.
SECT.
ox
II.
THE
nor
heat,
but
whatever
from
it is
which
to
its
is
which
be
it
to
four
to
substance
but
heats, indeed,
and
things
heating
or
rank.
Such
not
an
such
and
burn,
so
fourth
things
things
are
But
the
to
occasion
without
and
alum.
be
reflection
with
regard
prevailing temperament
be
manifest
nor
may
such
which
the
as
kind
are
virtue.
of the
of
a
that
as
nature
which
thu'd
form
to
part
such
are
as
the
things
unripe juice of
eschars
things
as
of
the
be
of
the
to
dries
in
great
quicklime.
of desiccants
which
I'ank.
also
misy, chalcitis,and
all those
second
strong, but
the
manner
are
be
of
hot
like
death
for
be
to
drying
so
to
propertiesto
said
In
burning,
be
said
naturally so
is of
also ; such
being caustic,
perament,
prevailing tem-
manner
strong
no
these
fourth.
nothing
substance
astringent,of
are
as
of
as
rank,
have
as
degree, may
degi'ee burns
But
has
cold
foui'th.
the
useful
are
extreme
But
are
as
when
and
requires demonstration,
in like
and
called
so
manifestly,requiring
moist,
the
to
hot, according
not
its existence
cold, dry,
Such
according
hot
or
It will be
ranks
is
colder,
or
as
to
drier,moister, hotter,
make
temperament
same
neither
as
either
prevailingpower.
demonstrate
the
TEMPERAMENTS.
THE
OF
is of
called
calling that
when
DEGREES
applied,so
not
must
to
pru'pose
AND
medicine
moderate
that
ORDER
are
grapes,
without
strongly
sumach,
SIMPLES.
II.]
SECT.
thorities
following is
The
Commentary.
Dioscorides
(de Materia
(pluries)
;
nius
Largus
(pluries)
; Marcellus
Rei
pluries);
Antonius
gen.)
Med.
Comp.
Empiricus
ii); Oribasius
(de
Med.
(de
Galenus
Med.
Comp.
xi et
Zosimus
sec.
seq.);
Panopolita
(Meth. Med=)
Actuarius
N.
.
Herbis) ;
;
(jNIed.Collect,
animal.) ;
ex
confectione);
de
'
(v); Scribo-
Pliny (H
Comm.
au-
Hippocrates
Floridus
Macer
loc.
sec.
ancient
Celsus
Betonica) ;
(iand
(de Zythorum
Medica)
(de Herba
Platonicus
Sextus
Pharmacy
Scriptores; Apuleius
de
Aetius
the
Rusticse
Musa
(de Simpl. ;
list of
and
]\Iedica
Materia
the
on
INIyrepsus
(Chemia)
Geber
virt.)
;
xxviii
Albucasis)
Kisp.
p. 276
Baithar
Scriptores Arabici
Rusticpe
Med.
(Libellusde
with
left
has
Avriter
alludes
describes.
never
the
same
a
In
be
science
in
as
considerable
but
his
two
of
the
his
IMedica,
"
ancient
The
left it.
Alston
degree
ever
of
genius
of lustre
over
The
Greek
said
to
have
substances
properties,are
mostly
authors, subsequent
added
described
single
one
by
him.
to
he
rity
great authowhich
can
justlyremarks,
in
nearly
subject by
from
time,
to
scarcely
which
to
after
borrowed
article
he
other
the
the
his
any
articles
contributions
remained
times
than
first and
is the
and
fullyand
more
instances
three
powers
IMedica
of their
familiarly
stances
vegetable sub-
treated
has
or
short, Dioscorides
he
the
Materia
too
state
except in
Materia
the
Alchindus
been
vegetable physiology
and
medicinal
the
to
on
but
the
on
Theophrastus
ingeniously of botany
Greek
of
most
regular treatise
no
of his time.
pharmacy
H.
Rei
cine,
World, still employed in the practiceof medi-
Old
of the
A.
have
to
appears
properties of
the
B.
grad.)
compos,
Hippocrates, althovigh he
acquainted
Casiri
ap.
Sontheimer)
von
e.
Arab.
Biblioth.
ap. Casiri
(Uebersetz
i.
Med.
(de Prsepar.
Prsefatio
Baitharis
Ebn
Servitor
the
can
of
his
sophical
philo-
medicines
even
his
tail
de-
Dioscorides.
scarcely
list of
be
medicinal
'
*
CoMM.
SIMPLES.
advance
can
shall
presently,
see
Galenical
almost
with
the
most
otherwise
yet
candour
this
writer
of ancient
in
obliges us
is but
to
he
matters,
from
discriminating real
admit
that
be
with
relied
much
The
Dioscorides.
the
which
account
of
formation
but,
upon
science
to
At
masters.
the
of
view
cursory
being
struck
medical
nearly
the
medicine,
proper
be
feared
of
medicinal
to
these
will
not
Ebn
their
the
to
Grecian
take
Baithar,
into
even
this
described,
are
terms
but
as
of
first time
lack
stores
soon
than
collection,more
and
they
tunately
for-
scholars
introduced
it is
a
only
into
to
desideratum
supplied.
substances, however,
be
is
far
Ebn
more
by
without
talent
department
of
1400
medicinal
them
no
been
had
original matter
is still
be
of
manv
now
German,
this
in
people
the
to
transmitted
European
it
vomica,
Galen,
no
for the
articles
it from
impossible
of
wonderful
In
is
there
key
it is
many
for the
then
to
regards arrangement
as
received
they
to
same
and
Dioscorides
shape
accessible
articles
dietetical
and
his
limited,
nux
other
whole, they
of
the
science.
from
to
formulae
musk,
many
work
that
made
being
few
senna,
the
translation
with
displayed by
and
in
opinions
is confined
matters
great
the
Sontheimer^s
Dr.
be
his work
of
good
time
same
rendered
his
can
cannot
these
same
general principlesas
and
in
the
much
in
us
he
has
together
nifitter
copies closely
camphor,
myrobalans, tamarinds,
Medica;
and
medicine,
when
plan
of
more
added
and
^Materia
in
nor
gives of
he
the
Arabians
The
the
sional
profes-
judgment,
simple substances,
of
classification
but
with
wholly incapable
useless
objection
same
Celsus
countiyman
except
subjects
For, being
authority.
facts
and
little
very
upon
all medical
on
been
pretended
of
have
on
feel reluctant
literature,we
terms
to
appears
the
information
practical acquaintance
no
we
as
curious
indifferent
very
vii.
of
exposition
Of
and
rare
than
evidently possessed of
many
lucid
remarkably
department
every
speak
to
lias given,
originalitj^
to
principlesof therapeutics.
replete
so
claim
great
no
[book
doubt
noticed
relative
the
to
by
stances
sub-
practice
regretted
which
of
that
it is to
Baithar's
copious
list
than
SIMPLES.
SECT.
II.]
those
of the
other
originalof
very
contains
Rhases
work
above
counted
making
in all.
in modern
in use,
in
or
times, it
making
with
and
medicines
to
skilful
management
in
had
the
assure
and
in
reader
is
permitted
lists of
of
medicinal
and
this
to
us,
very
we
hsec
have
have
we
a
convey
within
now
distinct
moderate
idea
that
of
solely to
Aetius
it in the
and
it
when
memoranda
as
entire, and
confine
present instance
our
:
"
ancients
ing
accord-
need
we
of
if
the
scarcely
matter
limits
our
the
ancient
had
classified
ties,
authori-
Serapion.
iniquis
account
of
the
excellent,
particularly
sufficientlyexplicitto
compared
no
in the
INIedica
system, and
Galenical
tlie
is
us
the
that
Aetius's
it is
mentary
ele-
relinquo.
]\Iedica is
add, that
of the
me
that
above
limits
lengthy exposition of
the
given by
now
that
there
of
some
of Aetius
the Materia
to
wished,
mentioned
generalprinciplesof
and
oui
of their
behind
account
here
as
We
this
but
have
introduced
have
seen,
erroneous
could
substances
Verum
any
and
Materia
in the
actions
especiallythose
more
material
affirmed, indeed,
been
have
Ave
pensatory
Dis-
amply provided
were
anywise
It has
articles
their
of
ai'ticles;
to S^l
quite clear
it is
in
them.
the
of
proof
stances,
sub-
principallyfrom
arise
must
were
publicationswhich
nature
the
to
has
physicians
they
of
classified
never
animal
168
received
possible character,
every
that
suppose
late
some
Arabian
of
reason
only
amount
all events,
At
is
that
states
ingenious compositions
more
ingredients.
Greek, Roman,
than
in
superioraccuracy
Alston
"
of
is
science
of medical
number
plants,and
Comm.
'
only
This
Materia
in the
Avicenna
of
smaller
Medica
the Materia
Dioscorides, wherein
minerals, 700
958
at the
improvement
is
the
supply anything
that
articles,and
remarked,
of
90
simples contained
so
be
seldom
example,
For
765
only
in the
contained
authorities,and
own.
it is to
747, which
he
their
in
Arabians, who
Greek
footsteps of the
is contained
with
the
full
himself,
we
shall
annotations
and
give
almost
SIMPLES.
On
"
"
There
cold, or
or
of
possessed
and
to
each
of
the
them
above-mentioned
the
in such
them
when
possessed of
from
aliation
have
heat
than
the
imperceptibleto
like
one
to
and
this
be
bodies,
mortification.
produces
desiccant
and
be
laid
oil
down
the
or
the
first
juice of
fourth
those
things
which
and
which
dill and
fourth,
fenugreek
them,
to
next
are
until
we
come
of
to
moderate
their
for
also
to
the
purpose
the
juices ;
sense
as, for
second
the
the
to
Such
of
degrees
In
third
so
In
those
the
like
hot
to
order;
of
and
cicuta,
as
regard
first
and
coohng
third
manner,
medicines, beginning
knowledge
medical
them
arrange
may
is of
instruction.
of taste, and
example,
tating
humec-
of
in the
caustic.
desiccant
degree, we
extremes.
exercise
qualitiesof
and
and
hyoscyamus.
belong to the
to
come
respectingmoistening
those
and
that
remember
such
is
instruction,rose
are
third
of
first order
second,
second
the fourth
order
of
course
in
the
flection
re-
first order
with
an
in the
roses
being
the third
manner
being placed
mandi'agora,
meconium,
things,
cleai'er the
from
senses
mortification
such
Let
which
fourth,or last,caustic.
it is in like
articles.
itself
rose
occasion
not
So
render
to
; the
things
does
and
temperament
its coldness
the
:
requii'esreflection to demonstrate
consists of such
things as are perceptiblycold; the
perceptiblycold,but
of
change
cooling things,the
frigorificor
class
our
inferred
the
the
all
is another
orders,
and
burning;
not
of
manner
four
only to
being perceptibleto
but
is
there
Of
for
sufficient
there
that
we.
make
to
senses,
second
the
stronglyheating
In
right
be
principleof
and
truly
be
cannot
temperament
certain
temperament
it
that
similar
them,
thought
it down
in
the
hotter
will
as
is
them
of
each
of
or
endeavoured, however,
have
manner
received
have
they
is of
which
properties
We
laying
practicalpiu'poses,
medicines
in
subtile
of
consisting
or
degree
accurately determined.
define
cines,
particular actions of medibeing to a certain degree
the
humid,
dry, or
particles,but
gross
in
VII.
Medicines^
of Simple
differences
are
arising from
hot,
Poioers
the
[book
with
until
small
no
One
the
substance
we
portance
im-
ought
peculiar
when
SIMPLES.
II.]
SECT.
the
applied to
it to
Such
soiu'.
Such
things
as
and
corrosive
are
biting
of
those
which
called
sweet
called
fat.
but
such
If,then,
to do
so
in
which
are
called
acid, and
do
with
so
these
But
if you
do
may
from
so
from
galls,sumach,
and
devoid
are
to
taste, take
in your
of
all
and
memory
of
none
you
neither
the
may
and
of
what
such
call
as
the
barley,and
I have
of
the
endowed
with
consistence,
without
starch,
and
most
pholyx, ceruse,
nor
very
the
and,
to be
obscure
but
inclines
in
the
tion
percepand
little to
ness,
sweet-
from
this,
of certain
others
call
wheat
resembling
devoid
most
intermediate
things
of grass, of
things the
not
and
quality as
which
things, as
taste, it have
such
taste
sweet
rob
addition, that
and
an
memory.
neither
reeds
is in
that
bitterness,
Proceeding
of all other
it Avere,
purest water,
qualities
;
cold.
juice of green
of moderately
water, which
such
pungency.
and
aforesaid
bitterness
nor
of
it, retain
it be
Of
astiingeucy,you
judge
tasted
earth.
the
intermediate
an
that
see
the
cold, or
it
of
the
order
from
to
have
acrimony,
in
sweetness,
wish
as
like,which
if of
moderately sweet,
described
I mean
qualities,
heat
of
such
as
like ;
the
readilyperceive the
more
juices which
watery
hot
very
if
having
; but
acidity,acrimony,
it be
and
quahties,or
water,
it contain
perception of
would
if you
Fm'ther,
as
that
bile ; and
and
natron
honey.
acquii'ethe
to
biting
delight,are
onions,
garlic,
wish
ful
pain-
sensible
the
salt.
delight,are
judgment
trary,
con-
sensible
without
form
not
acrid ; and
poured upon
and,
asperities,
to
from
rougher
things
are
this
wish
you
also
when
as
do
as
is called
called
be
to
are
of
and
called
are
such
tongue,
cornels,
pears,
intenselyaustere
Those
fermentation
ronghens
cleansing, are
remove
lubricate,fill,
learn
may
bitter.
heat,
causing
and
strong heat,
without
of the
erosions
you
with
is
detergent
more
called
unripe
as
detergent
are
degree, are
power
be
to
appear
it
contract
wild
and
when
things, as
constringe and
such
thing that
and
strongly,contracts,
depth,
considerable
dries
tongue
cold.
state
.If
liquid but
tween
be-
being
a
dry
and
desiccative
necessarilybe terrene
These
things are called emplastic, such as
of the
thoroughly-washed metals, as pom-
must
calamine,
Cimolian
earth,
Samian
earth,
and
SIMPLES.
tlie like.
Some
and
nature
viscid
and
tic
contain
some
therefore
one
in
There
two
similar
oil,but
to
That
of
swine
of
The
fats then, if
of
but
of
are
with
the
in
contained
humidity
are
Acids
when
likewise
are
the
permeates
easilycoalesces
readily coalesce
if you
will
effect
recollect
for the
their
actions
act
the
action
trial
of
appear
recommend
neither
no
one
cannot
quality or
be
the
that
that
of
drier
medicines
and
when
removed
removed
the
the
of
organs
and
mixed
power
ascertained
to
make
whether
if that
and
without
as
pungent,
up
by
same
tion,
sensa-
to
sour
exert
stances
sub-
ascertain
is
made
I would
have
course
re-
its
its
and
possible having
as
trial of such
it be
not
being pungent,
much
with
it
acids
which
and
stance
sub-
sensation,
the
their
does
testifyto
species aside,
sour
But
and
slow
we
cold.
watery
sour
bitter,but
nor
foolish
is
and
every
sour,
time
dry
larly
particu-
if
for
juices,in
particles
tongue,
juices
will
and
terrene,
contract
peculiarityof
of
that
which
than
terrene.
terrene
when
substance,
same
lay
to
acid, sweet,
and
evenly,
acid
sour
the
at
something
it is useless
than
the
truly
you
to
of
more
a
but
on
more
of
suet
impression,
of
passage
quick
appears
the
and
means
The
such
is terrene
And
again.
is
of
terrene
body
what
but
milk
an
particlesare thick
in composition are
the
parts of
"
"
no
melted,
is
Emplastic
astringents.
sentient
the
by
their
cold.
juices,which,
of
egg
and
astringents are
composition of
cold, like
but
attenuating,
fat
is hotter
wax.
But
qualitiesthey
for the
no
nature.
the
other
the
of
terrene
parts, and
well-washed
as
cock
emplas-
earth, and,
white
are
struent
acrimony, are emplastic,or obespeciallyif of a drier and more
have
more
pores,
to
in their
subtile
they
such
regard
the
of
nature, such
terrene
then
the
or
of
kind
The
more
sucli
cheesy part
swine.
acrid,and
are
goose
but
that
fat of
the
them
vii.
in their
watery
dry, and
The
The
terrene.
more
also
and
so
einplastic,
and a buck-goat
a bull
swine.
oil.
sweet
as
and
of water,
are
terrene
very
also
little air
no
emplastic.
the
medicines,
but
only terrene^
not
are
[book
astringency ;
a
medicine,
as
for
it
astringency,or by
SIMPLES.
II.]
SECT.
qualitiesmixed
of the
any
witli
in addition
sori,and,
copper,
to
which
also
are
the
at
the bodies
propertiesupon
not
are
thereby informed
the
copperas,
its
exerts
flakes
of
pictorium
astringentsul)stances
pungent, act by both their
which
to
of
of
other
time
same
trial
the armeniacum
them,
and
combination
made
is
Therefore, chalcitis,misy,
action.
by
it,or
which
substance
the
that
both,
they
whether
applied;
are
burn
they
but
astrin-
their
by
we
taken
acrimony ; for such substances, when
into
the body, being composed of gross
particles,and rather
of
hot in their
ignited in the course
having become
powers,
they undergo in the body
time, according to the change which
of
the
stones
irons
or
that
is
Avild
these
changes
the
they
as
the
and
of
is
called.
a
thick
If
is the
But
if
will
render
heated
occasion
for
the
the
the
at
a
become
former
ripened, are,
of
when
for
dissolved
quality
to
sweetness
such
trees
and
and
acorns
it becomes
renders
fluid to
and
the
obtund
watery
appear
if
and
moistened
if with
newly foi'ined,.sour
harder
When
acid.
; but
as
watery
both
it will
becoming
watery,
coldness
time, if with
same
change
fruits
acid,
ways
only moistened,
and
nature
in three
with
of
and
is terrene
case
it
action
only heated,
as
the
that
by undergoing
or
the
will
then
softer ; but
nor
like, if
the
prove
flowers
cultivated
manifest
is
have
the
the
removed
time.
same
are
it
such
you
of the
or
must
found
tasted
flowers
the
better,
something
manner
having
have
moistened,
or
acquired sweetness,
for
you
substance
sour
humid
more
humidity
;
the
at
become
austere
out
necessarilybe
by being heated,
chesnuts,
as
galls,or
either
have
such
It is
for
look
in
quality, you
it will
it
intensely sour,
other
no
neither
try
weight they
body.
the
over
stomach
the
their
to
hypocistis,acacia, sumach,
appear
contains
pomegranate,
pomegranate,
substance
owing
when
and
to
described
heard
formerly
of the
haste
make
and
about
parts
observation, to
much
purely astringent,
substance,
the
distributed
incapable of being
therefore, after
burn
and
ulcerate
animal,
heated
like
are
their
by
or
gency
and
it will
airy,to fatness;
an
sweet
dry
to
in
us
their
wlien
con-
SIMPLES.
10
according
sistence, eacli
it
produced
and
juicy ;
or
which
but
from
things
the
one
by
the
But,
sun.
ripe, their
when
acidity
and
obrious
that
become,
the
since
sour
fruits
as
sweet,
being
will
great variety
qualities. Wherefore, the
such
other
things, are
cold
and
but
acquiring
myrtle,
of
wild
the
pear,
but
the
things,
are
only
the
wines,
Thersean
other
like
olive in
the
which
like
the
formed,
cold
wholly congealed it
gathering are filled
acquire much
For
and
if all fruits
that
is
more
from
what
is
more
perfect
juice
turns
with
water,
if the
are
in
and
hotter
refrigerationbecomes
And
as
such
first
at
acid
is
is
the
acid, but
solar
colder
sweet.
acid,
is
it is
turningso
such
fruits
such
from
as
as
if
very
the
at
wise
other-
slight
ripe sweet,
it is obvious
acid; whereas,
clear
in
acid, and
heat,
When
from
in process
bitter
more
entirelyacid ; and
much
humidity, and
readilybecome
things
afterward
wholly
and
juice of
juice
sour
The
rob,
fruit and
The
all other
becomes
imperfect and
such
sweet.
called
must
becoming
unripe grape
ripened by
at the
sour
and
at
the
austere
sweet.
fatty.
are
and
size,
of
fruits
The
have
as
also of
bitter,ends
a
manner,
causes.
only
in
Scybelitic,boiled
the
remain
they
fruit of the
time
same
things,are
and
such
these
cornel, and
increased
sweet
are
The
and
of
ilex,the
change.
time
remain
some
last,because
oak
sweet
of
mixture
the
Aminaean
of
austere.
time, becoming
acrid
more
the
particular,but
oil is
of
and
fruit
at
wine,
such
internal
Surrentine,
astringency,are
of
without
process
other
no
from
the
to
sour
the
at
as
time;
same
like
dry
fruit
nature,
become
austere, and
arise
All
olive.
twofold
first,in
at
sour
acidity
it
acid, some
some
that
sour,
of
when
time,
first,they
And
acquire
not
suppliedfrom
other
cold.
by
do
intermediate
is
at
become
they
after
is occasioned
sweetness
sourness
some
being
sourness,
fruit of the
the
which
innate, and
their
Some
the
as
by heat,
and
proper
without
humid
more
to
VII.
which
tree
aside
trees, but
sweetness,
concocted
are
the
Some
to
sourness
laid
maturit3^
at
upon
them.
have
the
become
time, they
they
arrive
all while
at
of
nature
get aciditysuperadded
they
as
separated from
pass
of
quality when
sweet
sweetness
the
to
process
some
latter
again
in
[book
what
wine, therefore,
that
it returns
SIMPLES.
12
coldness,
nor
affections
require
persons
will
applicationwhich
acrimony. The juice of
of
but
sour
trees
cold, but
first
at
are
also
so
the
and
sour
are
unripe
taste
that
there
is
and
austere
the
part
sensation
one
he
for
things;
things
sour
will
acids, and
from
it
contracting, as
and
constricting,
are
acids
if any
one
from
sour
propel inwards
equally squeezing,
the
but
fruits
to
seem
were
only
not
perceive clearly
another
which
And
things.
austere
is
only
not
by
pungent
all the
almost
and
quinces,myrtles,or medlars,
will taste
violence
then,
grape,
vii.
such
in
for
without
before,
the
to
sour
it
externally any
induce
not
mentioned
for, as
witli
soothed
be
to
an
acid
mixed
heat
pungent
any
[book
austere
seem
sation,
rough and unequable senthe
the
of
that by drying they expel
humidity
so
parts
and
austere
of sensation.
sour
juices,there is
Thus, between
sensation
not
of
certain
easily to be
a
peculiar difference
understand
from
what
everybody must
described, but which
to
said.
been
has
I
qualities,
other
but
every
the
heat
in
us
have
and
parts congealed by
we
pleasant and
useful
so
possessedof
such
within
the
and
demulcent
are
nourishes
to
it
and
food
of
his
according
to
delighted
and
things
and
their
is
heat
things,when
such
much
as
of heat
is
as
those
things
substance
which
medicine
does
And
of
but
food
which
proportionate to
to
an
appear
without
so
which
food
yet
very
it is not
allied
is
bodies
with
are
being
their
bitter,such
degree
as
of
honey
all other
sweet
of
less
heat,
which
for
one
nature
; but
as
one
men
are
sweetness
so
is every
the
less sweet
it
hence
all
affection
such
which
and
and
to,
moderately hot,
agree
mains
re-
expand, soften,
be
and
not
parts, it is
and
we
the
does
the
immoderate
also with
and
of
not
peculiarsubstance
expand
unpleasant,but
nourished
are
it
us,
hot,
be
to
all nutritive
for
bodies
boiled, and
things
of
whole
they get
longer sweet,
and
limits
until
the
food
all sweet
degree
of
greatly exceed
especiallyif
it heats
as
continuity
benefited.
kinds
those
and
all
cold
be
to
not
water,
warm
requires,therefore, to
the
with
agree
kind
the
with,
agrees
does
delighted,more
cold,
the
nor
free from
found
always
and
hot,
are
of
the
break
dissolve
is
touch
the
trial
upon
as
sour
substance
sweet
cold, with
are
Every
induce
to
hot,
these
are
no
is old
things ;
for
allied to the
SIMP1.E8.
TT.]
SECT.
of the bodies
temperaments
all such
; but
sweet
prepared, for
cold, and
and
humidity
drying ;
that
more
when
hot,
ashes, it
reason
is
detergent,and
and
thick
bitter
is calculated
is
and
dry
that
bitter
are
as
become
they
take
do not
formed
putrid;
for
place
dry
hot.
as
to
prove
and
to
cut
viscid
collected
worms
from
the
less
and
all
animals,
bodies.
and
humid,
than
that
which
the
and
dryness ;
porous
some
are
of them
purely
things
and
and
the
are
same
differ from
(as
are
attenuating;
one
bitterish,being
are
other
no
but
men,
is
by
more
manner
or
ashes
as
such
intermediate
but
indeed,
bitter,for
another
and
all
as
attenuating
more
which
have
less
both
perceptibly
as
the
are
the
hard,
are
fossils),
brittle
arc
and
so
are
wrought by
salts,such
almost
but
factions
putre-
is
truly sweet
iunutritive,so those
attenuated
of
animals
is
allied to the
thus, too,
time
bitter
like
prone
and
creature
nutritive
are
more
terrene
more
at
is
which
that
juice is
they
bitter
the
less calefacient
is
salt
hot ; but
and
denser,
The
sweet.
this,that
heat
which
in
dry
are
intermediate
are
and
terrene
things
cumstance,
cir-
fruits when
animals
Those
living
every
As, therefore,
nutritive,and
in
bitter
cinders.
things
because
least
that
the
other
nor
; but
natron
all others
that
this
For
nature
and
be
of
and
down
ashes
see
in humid
break
are
less
or
such
in
we
being
to
in lime
engender
usually
watery, by
being over-roasted, as
are
things
and
by
But
terrene, may
to putrefaction, and
such
such
and
things
humid.
of
to
of
corrected
addition
therefore, in
is
thing
be
to
by
mixture
such
humid
are
until
corrected
the
by
are
necessarilyrendered
humours,
sap
which
from
be
manner
necessarily more
arises
bitter
every
proper,
is sweet
is
like
already
unsavoury
require to
In
than
things
this bitterness
and
heat.
drier
which
appear
sufficientlycold
by
those
less
or
and
hot
are
are
and
terrene
are
as
food
allied
not
are
which
tlieynourish^ appear
which
which
those
those
calefacient
as
13
hotter
between
and
and
the hard
salts and
saltish thing
aphronitrum ; and if you will warm
any
to a
bitter.
Thus, the
great degree it will straightw-aybecome
of the Lake
water
Sea,
Asphaltitis,which they call the Dead
overheated
within
hollow
and
hot place, and
Ijeingcontained
a
by
the sun,
becomes
bitter,and
for this
reason
it becomes
more
SIMPLES.
14
in
bitter
of
it,and
it into
put
hollow
summ^'
the
during
sun
in winter.
than
summer
[book
vessel
in
place exposed
such
into
it contain
near
Jericho
bitter than
of
called
Lake,
will
you
it is called
Jordan,
catch
that
see
Dead
the
will
die
Lake
which
fall
river
into
them
and
immediately,
hence
is intensely
which
that
Thus,
mouth
the
throw
and
Sea.
or
in
fishes pass
some
they
more
be found
rivers
the
the
to
especiallythe
of the
none
to
aj)pear
if you
river,and
the
the
it
many
some
straightwaybecome
it will
season
will draw
if you
And
VII.
bitter
to
such
degree only
first
when
applied externally to
those
animals,
and
all
are
internal
heating
powers,
but
parts ;
such
But
and
if
the
they
like,
the
common
in
diaphoretic,and,
also useful
are
in
But
discharges.
word, cutting
juiceswould
acrid
bitter
ashes,
while
often
acrid
in
respecting all
vapours.
]Most
juices ;
for all
of smell
and
onions,
less
things,
and
than
such
of
articles
as
the
to
as
food.
vapours,
acids,and
taste
and
But
juices,it
the
of the
substances
mixed,
humiditv
much
things
acrid
such
likewise
in like
manner
but
a
as
in
the
as
the
and
some
menstrual
bitter,
this,that
therefore
since
afi'ect
bitter,there
not
are
we
use
enough
us
all
like
dry temperament
still remains
then,
of
differ from
also
as
diuretic,
are
and
chest
to
seem
in
terrene,
discutient
the
only
not
cantharis
parts, such
like, they
and
from
expectorations
the
as
and
of subtile
consist
to certain
call ulcerative
we
nally,
inter-
distinguishedonly by
thicker
if
natiu'e,
taken
adverse
them,
are
as
when
to
truly hot,
are
dissolvent
are
to
proceed
next
they
but
substance
to men.
arsenic, sandarach,
no
of
;
destructive
septicand
their
of
excess
skin
the
in their whole
which,
buprestisare
said
that
then
is
shall
we
of them
say
may
burn,
to
not
as
we
all
to
to
no
has
treat
few
been
of the
similarlyto
the
the senses
move
^"inegaritself,
acrid things, as garlic,
; and
like, are
the
dung,
we
are
confident
that
we
know
its
SIMPLES.
II.]
SECT.
quality, and
tilings,sucli
to
agree
callingthe
things, and
it
is but
there
their
little
bulk,
; for
nature,
them
should
parts,
so
safe to
not
from
the
be
to
judge
taste
to heat
the
and
hot
are
but
heat.
know
cold ; and
from
it is not
its smell
tasted
are
safe to
but
;
fall
in
sensation
agreeably
which
terrene
is
bitter,which
the
has
been
humid
yet from
the
is
possibleto
For
are
thick
subtile
of
form
medicines
of
colour
derive
every
certain
diate
less hot
colour
are
but
such
hotter.
as
And
the
and
kind
of
are
of
which
a
and
the
third,
of
as
simple
impracticable
more
every
the
rose
safe then,
of their
wine,
the
is cold
for
or
wheat, vetches,
And
juices it
temperament.
Avhiter
yellowish
hot, cold,
colour.
seeds, roots,
indication
; and
part in it
powers
colours
of
why
excites
sour
is hot ;
of all the
by
cause
each
is not
are
tenuity
bodies
particlesand
their
namely,
found
are
their
temperament
and
it is still
from
substances
they
of subtile
of
qiialities
It
it is
as
shown
is the
tongue,
cold.
but
how
parts of the
parts
judgment
smell
the
simple
dry, and
of
is necessarily
from
estimate
to
its nature,
to
consists
said, to
substances
the
upon
consists
which
waterv,
all the
taste
equably
of all the
judge
it is
inodorous
are
of
its
Hence
it is not
of
in
smell
which
substance
from
terrene
degree
indication
certain
aud
is emitted
the
but
in particular
dense
apparent
is the
what
inequalityof their
The
is of
smell
things
sour
from
things
tongue,
no
respiration.
it is not
that
taste
fragrantthings give no
therefore
that
in their
the
by
in
the
sweet
disproportionate
what
temperament
but
particles,
and
smell
of their
brain
to
have
quantity,thick, and
the
we
that
are
classes,
two
to
sweet
things
sour
taste
analogous
and
in
smell, odorous,
that it is
salt
natural
in
reach
for
and
particles,
of
it is
small
of thick
consist
as
that
so
not
with
case
substance
the
cold
as
is the
as
and
and
to
which
at least
smell, we
taste
have
not
are
bodies
or
them
odorous
as
from
emitted,
of
fragrant
the
to
because
of
smell
which
the
such
that
appear
things, the
substances
fetid to
And
attempt
each
them,
offend
and
not
refer
considering
the
would
do
all
we
of those
most
fetid, and
and
to
and
and
from
smell.
putrid
almost
to
of
sense
become
away,
abstain
we
once
in tlie
have
as
straightway throw
short, with regard
found
at
confidence
repose
Ave
therefore
15
and
and
they
are,
interme-
kidney-
16
SIMPLES.
beans,
and
and
chick-peas, the
others,
many
the
bright yellow,
be
can
it is
hotter
formed
far well.
so
demonstrated,
for
It
the
therefrom
of
is best
this
by
degree by
For
the
the
the
the
which
smell.'^
abstract
of Galen's
of
tract
of
of
in
the
ancient
The
of
that
substances,
information
Before
Galenical
remark,
theory
of
medicine,
of
the
but
for
Materia
present
our
the
only
on
the
works
traces
the
also
of
of
called,
Materia
take
the
the
of
Medica,
ancient
but
that
scarcely be
held
action
small
of
it is
the
pound
com-
complex
principles of
The
Chemia'
'
of the
of
knowledge
of
nature
but
supplies little
Pharmacy.
the
it
in
the
or
be
may
importance
all
old
our
of
the
literature
to
the
be
the
a
of
to
have
the
of
of
other
Quincy.
that
state
in
detected
signatures,as
exception
medical
of
days
opportunity
doctrine
herbalists, as,
and
authorities, we
with
to
the
ingeniously
commentary,
down
present
singular
to
works
the
and
it
was
Arabian
the
is
but
of medicines
action
in
recondite
or
show
to
Simples;'
by Theophrastus (de
the
Medica
to
Simples.'
tastes
upon
alchemy,
on
of
given
may
can
and
small
is referred
On
theory
ingenious ;
regarding
say,
not
prevails in
it
We
been
of
is
and
founded
tending
as
that
Greek
writers
few
is to
the
work
harmony.
interestingabstract
concluding
to
proper
give
Avicenna;
'
musical
ancients
on
of
of the
be
to
very
the
possessed by
no
in
Powers
of the
Plato,
explain, being
contains
before
will
taste
reader
the
opinions
nature
geometrical propertiesand
Geber
riment,
expe-
but
assisted
Book
Serapion's
appears
difficult to
the
be
'On
Second
Timajus'
Plantarum,
subject,the
vi.) Alkhendi's
medicines
and
the
'
deceived
work
the
Albengnefit.
discussed
Causis
of
be
exact
and
[Prasfatioin Aetium.)
introductorypart
useful
by
jecture
con-
said
often
of each
medicines,
of
been
of
and
if any
powers
it will
of the
first tractate
has
as
for
genus,
that
powers
VII.
kingspear,
each
so
by experiment,
powers
the
cannot
you
fuller account
white,
then,
the
In
of
are
than
indications, in
many
as
determine
to
ascertainingtheir
to
things
are
iris, that
of
root
similarlyaffected.
are
part, such
most
[book
it has
Geber,
writer,
we
who
have
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
17
allusion
no
would
to
from
appear
what
minds
authoritieshadkepttheir
SECT.
ON
III.
part of
The
task
our
medical
of it.
INDIVIDUALLY.
SIMPLES
OF
their
that
the contamination
free from
POWERS
THE
Commentary.
mentioned
have
we
Comm.
which
upon
are
we
Comm.
now
'
is at
entering
of
but
feel diffident
may
venture, however,
no
far
pains as
with
this
which
that, with
and
the
commentators
that
in
our
have
of
unravel
ancient
article
the
learned
those
have
we
have
we
fully
care-
authors, and
involved,
is
science
eveiy
intricacies
the
labours
of
have
modern
We
Dioscorides.
generallyreposed
most
fidence
con-
are
paid
to
power
intention, upon
to
on
mention
may
the
assure
ourselves
availed
likewise
to
department
this
compared
abilities
our
lay in
as
and
arduous
so
once
of
deal
good
It will
Sibthorp.
attention
reflectingmuch
important, as
of this subject.
to
works
of
consider
we
that
seen
works
the
ancient
the
light on
our
highly
literature
freelyfrom a variety
limits prevent us from
of other soui'ces.
As our
entering into
the discussion
of controverted
sity
points,we are under the necesof merel}'^
own
investigationsin
giving the result of our
wish to see
the commentator's
each case.
Those
who
opinions
these
fullyon
more
Dunbar's
Greek
'
We
further
also be
have
matters
are
culled
referred
Lexicon,' which
the
Appendix to
exclusivelyby
to
written
was
him.
'A/3ooro"'0)',
Abrotonum,
being
of
very
the whole
to
the
discutient
small
degree
body, it cures
stomach
unburnt,
III.
of
Southermoood,
cures
; and
and
cuttingnature,
of sourness,
the
periodicalrigors.
burnt
alopecia,along
being
with
for it is
if rubbed
and
more
some
third
dries in the
and
warms
But
possessed
with
it is
oil
pver
prejudicial
desiccative
of the
gree,
de-
than
finer oils.
2
the
'
"
'"
'
"
Dioscorides
Commentary.
CoMM.
[book
SIMPLES.
18
the
femina.
the
and
mas.
Abrotanum
Artemisia
of its faculties
other
of
use
minthic.
the
For
iElian
historian
authorities
latter
is
ancient
as
who
by
it
of
most
strongly
an
anthel-
the
natural
medical
the
modern.
and
ancient
As
an
says,
with
friction
that
intermittents, and
authorities
down
to
praising it as an
abortion,
266.)
(ii,
in
particularly
the
and
of the
diseases
cleansing medicines
tincture
vinous
He
poisons.
Galen, under
boiled
that, when
coldness
vinous
of the
this head
adds, upon
oil and
with
others
tues
vir-
them
in
authority,joinsthe
as
antidote
an
tincture
rubbed
the
over
of it is useful
in
Dioscorides
authority,"
stomach, it
In the
cures
Greek
modern
wormwood
species of
Ai-te-
and
Abrotonum
M.
more
narcotic
to
unknown
"an
same.
the
on
quoting freelyfrom
Serapion, after
sea-sickness.
and
says, that
also
the
anus
(xiv,19.)
MacerFloridus, a comparativelymodern
it
in commending
authorities
ancient
of
all the
by
southernwood, recommending
of
in
says,
is fuller than
Aetius
Galen
joins Dioscorides
that it produces
Avicenna
emmenagogue,
lixivial ashes
of the
of it is confirmed
times.
recent
in
it among
character
this
roasted
is useful
southernwood
oil of
the
as
treated
has
internallyas
is praised by
Medica, both
Materia
the
on
it
purpose
A.
(H.
and
Cha-
Santolina
recommends
He
elaborately.
most
is the
doubt
the
author
ancient
externallyin fomentations,
both
probably
species,
two
without
one
subsequent
the
describe
southernwood
is the
Galen
Hippocrates, but
The
the
The
mcecyparissus.
of
most
exception of Paulus,
the
authorities^with
and
vii.
1356.)
'A'yaXXo^oi',
Agallochum,
aromatic
the
mouth.
to
the
amount
of
tone
in
the
Indian
an
When
nature.
of
and
is
of
chewed
is also
It
a
wood
drachm
stomach,
pleuriticcomplaints.
and
resembling
it contributes
the
thyia,of
to the
fragrance
perfume.
weight, cures
waterbrash
agrees
with
an
drunk
and
loss
hepatic, dysenteric,
[book
SIMPLES.
20
vii.
Ayrjparov,
is
Ageratum, Maudlin,
anti-inflammatory
'
herbalists
modern
Our
'
"
that
this is
and
the
commentators
commended
been
the
as
Dioscorides, however,
uterus.
Galen
heating, whereas
We
(iv,59.)
in those
the
of
do
is
Celsus,
Yitex,
It consists
believed
of
drunk, but
drunk,
toasted
acts
as
'
'
see
It
iElian
place
in
(1,134), and
in the
is
of
'
"
and
sour
Co:\iMENTARY.
'
which
the
But
probably
our
of
When
the
VitCcV
of the medical
modern
authorities
lately,however,
Oui"
(De Simpl.)
Parnassus
is
author
For
the
abridges
Arabians,
Rhases
is
particularlyuseful
which
an
of
fine
agglutinant
it
particles,
of
bloody
lithontriptic.
treats
couch-grass,
agrostisin Parnasso,
also,when
AypwoTiC)
Dioscorldcs
is
and
eaten
spleen.
Until
character.
it,therefore,is
its decoction
it is
Hippocrates.
of
that
rank.
distributable.
(ii,
2, 4-3),and
works
Grass,
is somewhat
Avounds,
'"
and
liver
and
CoMM.
the
more
Galen
'
Gramen,
third
Its seed
one.
Pharmacopoeia.
our
Avicenna
particularly
occurs
the
when
only
(H. A.ix,36.)
this
to
extracts
dispelsflatulence,whence
of
and
in
dries
anaphrodisiacal powers
chaste-tree,are noticed by most
its claims
Dioscoridiss
and
under
deobstruent
authorities,and by
former,
merely gives
The
Agnus Castus, or
it held
of the
Hippocrates, nor
treated
of by any of
it
chastity, not
to
it is less flatulent
question
tory.
anti-inflamma-
A.yi'og
T] \vyoQ,
strewed
when
also
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
contribute
to
of
is
57.)
(ii,
particlesand
fine
works
found
heats
C/taste-tree,
the
text
the
we
Galen
'
in the
of
it
that
say
mildly
as
Baithar, who
Ebn
and
Dioscorides
it in
have
nor
it
has
it
emollient
an
to
seems
error
some
find
not
Arabians, except
from
represents
there
Perhaps
and
medicine
diuretic
eupa-
times
modern
to
Afferatum,
it is his
that
hold
down
generally agreed
are
the Achillea
say,
INIesue
on
Dioscorides
From
torium.
is to
that
maudlin,
our
slightly
powers.
Commentary.
CoMM.
and
discutient
of
possessed
separatelyof
or
has been
Triticum
very
the
repens,
agrostis,
and
of
doubtfullyreferred
"
to
to
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
coufouuded
have
the
applied to
other.
the
Parnassia
the
21
these
latter the
The
herbalists
modern
Comm.
appear
together, and
which
characters
would
articles
two
author
Dioscorides
with
agree
gives
the
'
have
to
'
to
ancients
in
(ii,2, 704)
In
stands
repens
Latini
agrostem
for the
onoclea
has
whence
it is useful
suitable
remedy
leaves
less
are
therefore,they
there
for
The
desiccative
drunk
also
for
in
draught
Commentary.
the
to
The
of
extent
first
an
speciesis
root, and,
the
diarrhcea.
The
lycapsos
erysipelas.
with
manner
of
possessed
applied as a cataplasm, as
fourth varietybeing smaller
The
eaten.
than
these, is beneficial
properties than
vipers,when
is called
bitter;
astringent and somewhat
in spleniticand
It is a
neplu'iticcases.
applied with polenta. The
erysipelaswhen
more
medicinal
which
are
is
astringent,agrees in like
onochilos
(or alcibiadios)being
being
that
For
powers.
cooling and
are
varieties,all of which
four
are
saine
which
root
a.
appellant."
possessed of the
not
modern
the
gramen
Anchusffi, Alkanet
Rhases
for
stronger
the
bites
amulet, and
an
than
bitter
the
than
broad
of
when
others, has
the
lumbricus
dios,
alcibiawhen
acetabulinn.
either
the
Anchusa
tine-
Comm.
'
toria
L.,
Echium
the
the
or
italicwn
fourth
tinctorhim
Litkospermum
L.
the
Our
author, in his
Haly
and
Galen.
is
used
diffiisum,and
ancients.
our
lycapsos,the
alcibiadios,the Echiinn
difficulty,
however, in determining
in
the
Abbas
modern
The
borrow
only
all
one
account
of
the
them, follows
Dioscorides.
they
Pharmacopoeias
for
only
colouring.
substances
is the Anchusa
The
siderable
con-
of the
Galen,
AA'icenna, Rhascs,
say of them
of these
alkanets
is
medicinal
from
that
Dioscorides
is retained
tinctoria,and
virtues
of
it
the
'
'
Lithospermum,
CoMM.
"
SIMPLES.
22
of any
or
speciesof EcMum,
'
'
'
iiized.
Indeed,
modern
Greek
as
it to be
the
is
sort
Adarce
rubbish
and
be
cannot
of the
anchusa
of
froth
It
salt
taken
stated
and
Dioscorides, Galen,
the
other
it
concretion
saline
was
salt lakes.
But
and
that
modern
no
think
it
given by
substantially
probable that
this
Arabians
borrow
A^icenna
adarce
from
2, 17)
(ii,
him
have
under
Dioscorides
(v,136.)
in
See
The
particular
mentioned
It is not
which
applied to
Alcyonium.
this head.
treated
from
been
sciatica
question,
has
alcyonkim,
lepra and
of
cure
in
in
could
never
]Medica
may
See
zoophyte.
it for the
recommends
the
he
substance
the
herbs
and
that
Materia
is that
gather
reeds
the
it to
is
can
confesses
the
compares
we
about
found
authority on
speciesof
some
had
he
Dioscorides
of it.
we
jNIatthiolus
even
satisfyhimself
formed
it
substance
this
all
which
to
for
things ;
authorities
other
author's,from
our
as
same
the
almost
heating
'
"
mitting
ad-
in
collecting abont
water,
internally.
The
descriptionof
be
to
ancients.
acrid, and
is veiy
the
in
hesitation
no
Commentary.
CoMM.
of
have
VII.
recog-
retained
is
it is there
as
need
we
common
weeds.
when
burning
and
Pharmacopceia,
scarcely
are
tiuctoria
Ancliusa
plant in Greece,
common
the
[book
Celsus.
by
''A.^'iavTov,
Maiden-hair,
Adiantum,
discutient
intermediate
an
and
with
place.
expectorationsfrom
belly.
its
promotes
says
the
the
same
can
be
property
the
as
no
describes
of not
growth
of it.
same
the
doubt
to
and
heat
being
of the
wet
hair.
(Ther. 846.)
says
stops
it derives
that
P.
vii,13.)
to
its
adds,
He
According
of the
another
species by
CapiUus
the
name
Veneris
of
name
that
Apuleius, it
L.
it
Nicander
callitrichon,
polytrichon,and asplenon.
that it is the A.
holds
cold, it
defluxions
in rain.
(H.
rately
mode-
alopecia,discusses
in a draught, di'ies
taken
lungs, and
Theophrastus
Commentary.
from
regard
up
and
desiccative,attenuant,
when
lithoutriptic
swellings, proves
CoMM.
is
There
Dioscorides
which
rpt^oVmi^cc,
is
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
Schneider
and
Sprengel
23
referringit
in
agree
the
to
Aspleniuin
Comm.
'
"
L.
Trichomanes
Stackhouse
The
species.
these
varieties.
two
desiccative
It
inflammations
Commentary.
describes
and
specieswhich
Sedum
latter
to
which
may
S.
house-leek
is
the
eyes
bites
possess
medicinal
be
to
in
of
some
refrigerantand
^Etonychon
wine
greater
ache,
head-
tery
dysen-
for
stopping
applicationto the
an
commends
the
this
Greeks.
it in
the
Ebn
Even
head.
These
plants,
still allowed
Dispensatory, are
our
properties. See
in
The
Serapion,Avicenna, Rhases,
from
retained
with
Floridus
merely copy
nothing originalunder
not
species,
applicationfor
an
as
Macer
calls it acidula.
He
It is still retained
is held
and
pessary,
Abbas
has
although
as
'
the
refers
third
stellatum.
di'unk
when
a
has
Comm.
arbo-
Sempervivum
spiders,diarrhoea, and
Haly
Baithar
Sedum
venomous
in
women
menorrhagia.
and
of
the
Dioscorides
anthelminthic
an
fluor of
in
Dioscorides
to
praisedby
for the
as
referred
the
be
andAetius,
Lindley, however,
Dr.
ochroJeuciim.
Galen
from
to
seem
rupestre.
be
defluxion.
author, coppng
Our
two
degree, is moderately
applicable for erysipelas,
is
from
there
thii'd
in the
cools
astringent, and
and
herpes, and
?), of which
Sempervivum,
reum
its
medicine, is prepared
domestic
favorite
still holds
'
Adiantum.
the
are
as
respecting both
which
capillaire,
of
syiaip
them
with
agrees
to
Lindley (^'^eg.
Kingd. 345.)
foreign Dispensatories,and
astringent.
will be treated
of under
the
head
of Stones.
A07joa,
Pulticula,Pap, is
is
prepared from
with
children.
Co.MMENTARV.
It
is the
bouiUie
Puis
in
prepared
ground
It
of
puis
also for
Dioscoridcs
wheat,
pup.
and
being supped,
any
corn,
the
same
agrees
^Matthiolus
from
rice.
of
account
says
Hcsychius speaks
Pliny
and
which
cataplasms.
gives
fritillaof Pliny.
e.
fit for
from
speltor
answers
French, i.
from
kind
it.
it is called
of
its
being
Lomm.
'
'
'
SIMPLES.
24
[BOOK
vii.
Atyt'Awi/',
possessed of discutient
-^gilops,Cockle, is
it
and
inflammatious
indurated
cures
wlience
poTvers,
segilops(fistula
lachiy-
malis.)
"
in determining tlie
great difficulty
is
There
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
grasses
'
ancients.
of the
''
Herbar
of Gerarde
the
probably
of
mentions
further
dried,
211),
See
in
the
Galen.
copies
flour and
with
up
He
Arabians
borrow
particularAviceuna
2,
(ii,
Serapion (c.25.)
Its
leaves, when
but
the
resin
restorative
Atyf{ooc,
of it
being
ointments
drunk
with
applied
with
it is
heating in the
consists
of
fine
vinegar, remove
hotter
and
than
first
particles.
pains ;
gouty
leaves, is mixed
the
with
emollient
vinegar, is
Commentary.
CoMM.
was
gives nearly
The
(iv,136.)
use
'
present article
juice of it,mixed
the
'
when
The
author, ^yho
our
for
up
by consulting the
seen
Dioscorides
ovata.
as
be
may
subject.
Dioscorides.
closely from
and
it
that
laid
was
this
on
JEgilops
account
same
This
There
be
can
doubt
no
it
that
is
the
'
Populus
"
both
Our
nigra.
Greek
and
author
and
Arabian, copy
We
will have
occasion
See
Karabe.
Celsus
to
does
of its gum
mention
not
ai-ynooq
of Hippocrates
Kpr]TiKi]
Populus
nigra.
Avicenna
For
the
-,
(i,110.)
afterwards.
The
poplar.
doubt
no
Arabians,
(ii,
2, 333, 340, 364)
resin
or
the black
was
authorities,
Dioscorides
closelyfrom
treat
other
all the
variety
consult
in
Serapion (c.266)
particular
and
of
Ehases
AtSotoi',
Testiculus,
with
wine
bitten
'
'
drunk,
and
by vipers.
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
the testicle of
mends
All
the
copy
is
privy parts
Dioscorides
'MQu\n
stag, when
remedy
It is also mixed
Sextus
from
and
of
to
^vith
Platonicus
a
stag
as
in
an
dried
those
and
who
compound
like
triturated
have
medicines.
manner
antidote
recom-
for
46.)
(ii,
Xiyvvqwill
be
treated
under
been
A.
poisons.
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
25
AlOlOTTiq,
aud
nmllein;
ischiatic
and
trachea,
when
^tkiopis,
English
with
taken
of
It
of
of
of it.
extract
exception
from
Dioscorides
Sanguis,
swine
liquid
hot,
removes
and
it is
it
keeps
of
the
from
the
if drunk
breaks
down
lambs
cures
drunk
blood
said
bears,
with
of
kidneys.
of the
goose.
in
of blood
goats, and
contains
That
The
of
blood
antidote
the
land
the
of
from
blood
of
that
says
its
to
ness,
dryand
fowJs
of
that
and
of
blood
the
the
from
in,
that
dropsy,
brain,
vinegar, to
said,
dog-tick.
domestic
recently coagulated
goats, of buck
The
the
of
of
is
also
manner
cases
with
if rubbed
goats, owing
of the
of
trephining,
remedies,
That
membranes
vision.
of
blow;
bats, it
and
all these
in the
septicmedicines.
in like
injected
drunk
virgins,and,
is beneficial
wild
of
of
chamseleon
that
vomiting
if
when
in
pigeons,
from
cases
that
human
wood
eyes
blood
and
tlie
ripen apostemes.
acuteness
of
milk,
cures
of
the
The
equal quantity
an
hemina,
to
owl,
epilepsies. The
with
of
of
But
of the
stops hemorrhages
in
trial of
him.
stones
mater,
of
made
with
dura
growing
blood
they disappointed
the
breasts
the
temperament,
about
That
nature, but
the
blood
dyspnoea.
the
to
Galen, having
half
moderate
the
upon
hair
frogs,and
But
if
of
water, relieves
preservative
who
head.
this
like
very
pigeons,
common
extravasated
poured
or
jMedica
Baithar,
cold
hot, being
less
of
That
it is of
of
anti-inflammatory.
wine
is
and
turtle, being
when
Dios-
Aifxa,
kind
no
temperament.
the
Ebn
Comm.
'
nor
from
Materia
under
the
Galen
borrowed
of
Salvia
Blood
and
the
gives
Neither
it in the
the
the
Gerarde
has
find
not
'
is
petty-
relieves
asperityof
being
herbalist
author
do
with
tlie
drunk,
as
^Ethiopia.
Our
We
Arabians,
down
set
English
mullein
treated
merely gives an
of
be
our
(iv,193.)
the
like
honey.
may
which
name
corides
leaves
and
pleimtic diseases, hsemoptj'sis,
to
has
of
decoction
the
Commentary.
Aetius
has
^tliiopis^Ethiojnan Sage,
Salvia
kids,
of
amount
The
chest.
of
bulls, is
crocodile
duces
promixed
stallions
is
bloods
is
given
the
duck,
of
for
the
SIMPLES.
26
"~^^'
in
CoMM.
'
'
be
may
it
down
set
fullest
the
and
spreading
and
lepra
wine
for
he
able
in
English
old
this
herbalists
linseed
as
iris.
works
the
of
cataplasm;
repeat
cense,
frankin-
Aetius
says,
have
We
not
Avicenna
the
ancient
nor
Dioscorides
copy
and
for
Hippocrates
merely
in
tumours;
(ii,122.)
than
(c. 70)
Serapion
for lichen
and
applied
Arabians
The
gangrenous
attenuant
in
gives
recommends
vinegar
indolent
conception
less
; he
pigeon^s dung
with
it noticed
See
and
and
Arabians,
Dioscorides
applicationto
sulphm'
mulse
third
in the
of the
faculties
and
with
almost
Zizanien
an
as
strumous
Celsus.
Galen.
Our
but
find
to
of
those
and
with
it promotes
acrid
been
boiled
fumigation
says
more
with
boiled
Galen.
Animalibus.)
ex
temulentum.
salt
and
discussing
in
it is
and
from
iris.
the
its medicinal
of
when
used
and
Lolium
sores,
disease
ischiatic
the
radishes
drying,
is the
which
as
and
to
power
This,
account
with
along
article
vii.
A.ipa,
heating
is
Loliunij Darnel,
'
this
abridges
in
also
See
author
Our
CoMMEXTARY.
CoMM.
[book
(ii,2, 658.)
characters
of
plant.
A/caXAic
fruit
of
which
is
ingredient
'
Our
article.
the
with
or
of
author
myrica
decoction
the
Egypt,
Collyria,for promoting
the
and
copies
variety
by
of
the
Hippocrates
it
as
of
acute-
or
nor
it is
does
have
we
the
bling
resem-
species
some
appear
found
this
conjectm-e,
merely
not
of
under
plant,
therefore
may
It
Arabians,
treated
Egyptian
an
We
tamarix.
not
Dioscorides, who,
probability,that
the
of
have
Aetius
from
(i,118.)
considerable
treated
in
aKaKouCiq,describes
of
name
in
growing
Galen
Commentary.
CoMM.
*
an
^-ision.
of
ness
"
shrub
is the
that
it in the
it is
works
Celsus.
'A/ca/c/a,
Acacia
coohng
and
third
is of the
medicines
terrene.
but
order
if
of
desiccants, and
washed,
of
the
second.
of the
first of
It is
sour
SIMPLES.
28
(v,2) belong
Celsus
CoMM.
'
'
'
this
to
ascribed
Pharmacop.
M.
the
to
70)
p.
acacia,
ancients
the
which
vit.
Modern
for certain.
chai-acters
M.
(See Ruttr,
it.
to
rather
not
determine
the
confirmed
have
authorities
place, or
cannot
^lilligansuggests, -^ve
as
[book
Gray (Suppl.
to
45.)
p.
A/cai'0(oi',
therefore
powers,
'
"
describe
either
affirms
tetanus, and
and
modern,
may
be
have
written
and
Pliny.
See
Beckmann
it is of
virtues
ascribe
to
by comparing
amused
The
this
what
Gerarde
cotton-thistle
(Encycl. of
Garden,
long
reader
used
as
Culpeper
Dioscorides
potherb.
Artichoke)
736.)
p.
A.KavBa
and
descriptionsof
was
ancient
The
case.
luA-entions, under
of
(History
others, both
the
with
affected
persons
it in
ancient
the
it with
of
to
sernce
authority all
his
upon
Loudon
and
that
lUijrkii.m,cotton-thistle.
0.
or
and
meaning
cotton-thistle,
of the
name
heating
delineate
herbalists
other
our
acanthium
Onojwrdon
Dioscorides
the
plant under
this
the
and
Gerrard
Commentary,
CoMM.
'
has
is
Acanthium,
XtvKTj,
Its
IVhite-thorn.
is
root
desiccative
it relieves stomachic
therefore
moderately astringent,
and
complaints,
Arabic
it restrains
Whence
powers.
^^^
we
refer
may
the
and
the
the
latter,or
12.)
See
Avicenna
(CoUig. \, 42)
to the
Arabian,
follow
authorities
therefore
it
of
blood
other
and
Onopordon
acanthium.
in giA'ingits characters,
Dioscorides
(ii,
2, 671-3) ; Serapiou (c.130)
Rhases
(Cont.
'
Acinus;
flow
desiccative
charges.
dis-
Commentary.
CoMM.
astringent and
resembles
it restrains
1. ult.
(iii,
Averrhoes
i, 670.)
A.KIVOQ,
basil, and
aMne
All
and
is
moderately astringent,
discharges,when
uterine
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
in
taken
draught
erysipelasand
for
Oui*
name
of wild
there
seems
not
are
Galen
that
of the
anv
(ii,254)
Wolfsbane,
be
may
lycoctonon, being
Comm.
'
described
Arabians
works
this
it.
has
have
in
deed
In-
described
found
we
'
it in
of Celsus.
Wa^ca\iayyi^Q,
of
possessed
is, therefore,
it
externally it
is
the
pilosum, and
authority
has
neither
in the
A/vOi'trov or
properties ;
use
it under
Ocimum
their
Serapion
nor
Baithar
Aconitum,
of
'
the
question
the
cataplasm, is
describe
perhaps
to
aware
Ebn
except
as
herbalists
old
reason
Neither
we
applied
basil, meaning
little
instance.
when
pliygethlon.
Commentary.
it
and
29
flesh
applied to
of
possessed
former, is pai'ticularlyfatal
be
to
not
septic and
taken
erosion.
The
properties
same
wolves,
to
internalh', but
requiring
the
deleterious
the
as
the
as
is
other
to
panthers.
The
Commentary.
Dioscorides
supposed
of
Koiufxaoov
been
already
Fifth
Book
of among
treated
It
("45.)
principallyin complaints
of
the
C)76.)
either
that
aconites, borrows
He
of
says
was
used
only
as
in the
pains of the
in
it is not
treating
(ii,2, 361,
administered
of
says
the
aconite,
(Cont. 1.
eyes.
and
anodyne,
Dioscorides
Bliases
The
substances
an
Neo-
It has
from
that
the
latter.
Avicenna
lycoctonon,
reheve
to
the
Comm.
'"
Aconitum
these.
eyes.
externally.
internally or
it
the
be
to
used
of
the
of
poisonous
closely
the
former
seem
the
was
and
by
generally
are
Pharmacopoeia,
the
would
described
authorities,
Greek
for
Hippocrates
aconite
Parclaliandtes
substituted
is
montamim
other
modern
the
In
Napellus.
the
the Doronicum
be
to
species of
two
ult.
i,
20.)
'
Acorum,
its root
use
also
Flag,
for
diuietic, and
attenuates
tliickened
Commentary.
psendacorus,
stated, and
maintained.
A/copov,
heats
Siveet
It
not
the
All
the
scirrhus
third
of
the
degree.
We
It
spleen.
cornea.
appears
Acorus
diies in the
for
indisputably
Gerarde
even
as
and
verus,
ancient
the
as
old
Dr.
authorities
to
be
herbalist
Hill
and
ascribe
the
Acorus
has
others
much
Comm
'
clearly
have
the
"
'
CoMM.
it
virtiies to
same
'
(i^ 2)
as
(ii,2, 45)
lu
Serapion (c.269.)
with
author.
our
A"\dcenna
identified
the
KoXa/nog
the
of
The
women.
the
relieves
wine,
'
and
Greeks,
'
It
is
quitc
certain
of the
Romans
or
Locusta
the
it
doubt, then,
and
of
the
(ii,56)
treats
this
ancients.
of
They
food
does
A%dcenna
locusta
only
the
and
discutient
locusts
'
"
The
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
bucus
for
and
nigra
the
recommends
boiled,
for
Galen
and
terms
like
borrow
from
German
agree
Paulus.
and
is
the
with
him.
The
bv
the
article
an
Pharmacopoeia.
Allien
the
eaten
humilis
commended
Dioscorides
the
the
uterus
treat
of
and
be
of
in
Galen.
the
Ebn
Sontheimer,
Sambucus
has
(iv, 161.)
it in
general
it
(Cont. 1, ult. i,
Baithar, according
in which
of
been
generally
particularlySerapion
of Rhases
acte
is
further
elder
treating of
See
elder
He
of
Sa?yi-
ancients
states, the
hardness
Arabians
the
the
by
stomach.
authorities
drunk
or
bowels.
and
alctha
In
as
which
The
translator. Dr.
either
in
to
Celsus
used
of water
Dioscorides
Dioscorides
(ii,28.)
much
Greek
from
with
Greek
other
It appears
(c. 284.)
23)
the
food
made
obstructions
its larvous
^a/xaiaKTr], Sambucus
water
As
disagrees
hip-bath
in
wingless
fuieyaXri,
much
are
dropsy.
but
hydragogue,
Without
The
two
Ebulus,
of
cure
of
were
powers.
of
discharge
L.
locust
possessed of desiccative,moderately
are
agglutinative
occasion
they
the
(ii,2, 388.)
same
modern
in the
Ebulus, Dwarf-elder,
vel
of
'A/cpig
abridges,
article
Elder-tree, and
the
in
xi,35.)
insect
and
an
Afcrrj
Sambucus,
N.
noticed, however,
not
of medicine
or
H.
cially
espe-
drunk
speciesof
was
is the
the
as
kuovm,
are
dysuria^
the
migratorius
author
our
that
Phn.
copies from,
is well
as
wav,
by
author
Our
state.
(ad
GryUus
the
was
mentioned
locusta
Harduin
See
grasshopper.
relieve
it is
Pharmacopoeia
fumigations
of
21)
(p. 32.)
a^oj/naTLKog
in
1. ult.
(Cont.
Greek
bite
CoMMEXTAKY.
CoMM.
Rhases
vii,
particularlyDioscorides
See
modern
Locustse^ Grasshoppers,
'
[book
SIMPLES.
30
A^icenna
opinion
we
his
to
fully
(ii,2, 611)
is
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
elder, but
the
not
detect
the
other
the
in
Book
he
have
^Ye
jasmine.
his
that
scarcely suppose
31
the
on
been
not
to
Comm.
'
'
but
Med.,
Mat.
entirelyoverlooked
has
able
"
can
it.
"AX.c,
Sales, Salts, have
fore
they
by
preserve
substances
in the
are
body,
and
also
their
contract
TMiere-
astringent powers.
humours
whatever
consume
and
desiccant
discutient.
For
Commentary.
of the
account
an
salts of the
factitious
Comm.
'
ancients,
remarks
skum
or
that
the
down
of
salt
he
adds,
is
soda
called
of
the
Salmasius,
it
that
merelv
of the
of the
copy
his
Hill
of the
sal
fact,from
salt,nobody
ammoniac
then
was
so
sal
ably
considerwith
agree
also
maintains
See
gem.
avoid
can
also
He
It is
scription
de-
that
seeing
it
of the
treats
of them.
account
prived
de-
Dioscorides'
fossil salt.
common
salts at
some
"When
to
seems
Dr.
In
15.)
(iii,
and
salt,and
fossil
gem.
peculiar form
varietv
to
venture
not
sal
native, impure
The
(v. a^povtr|Ooi'.)
Geoffrey
the
JIos salis,
or
caustic,and
native
ours.
was
faculties
medicinal
ancients
was
Mineral.'
'
of the
was
it
only
was
Jameson^s
the
dare
we
translated
literally
them
recommends
internally
by Pliny (xxxi,45.) He
in
and
and
in
the
mouth
fomentations,
externally
clysters,
by
of Diosthe
whole
baths, and fumigations. Serapion quotes
additional
Salts without
corides' chapter on
supplying much
describes
He
information
of his own.
minutely the process
of
roasting
with
coals,
he
red
with
salts in
and
thus
applying
describes, from
salt,extracted
much
from
pungency
satisfv ourselves
whether
heat
clear
(c, 409.)
or
The
them.
authorities, as
Arabian
hard
to
not
We
stones, and
never
this be
them
covering
vessel, and
earthen
an
the
'
^
situations
its colour.
owes
it becomes
Greeks
from
different
it
Sprengel
merely the
magnesia, lime,
also
acid
virpovby
a^poc
ammoniac
that
which
to
its carbonic
of
substance, being
containing
a'Aoc avOog,
The
in.
different
admixtm'e,
terrene
xxxi, 39.)
maris, is
ayrvr^, or spuma
in such
sticks to rocks
salt,which
very
of
carbonate
N.
aXog
usually formed
is
as
particularPliny (H.
in
see
being
niac
ammo-
white
being saltish,
could
same
sal
up
altogether
as
the
sal
"
SIMPLES.
32
'
'
"
"
"
tlie Greeks.
of
ammoniac
CoMM.
indistinct
sal
to
also
lias
description of
be
could
appear
xxxvi, 45.)
Still,liowever,
setting down
the
being
as
which
that
variety of
and
ammoniac
the
arrives
Beckmann
Geber
salt of the
ammoniac
sal
Avicenna
It
and
propertiesin
This
Commentary.
'
'^
seed
is
be
the
author
of
decoction
grievous pains
the
of toothache
recommends
marsh-mallow
as
advises
the
i, 26)
Malvacece
does
It
all
agree
to
seem
The
and
be
of
sub-astringent.
be noticed
views.
the
For
;
This
either
in
in'
tions.
affec-
with
to
it in
over
go
Even
our
praises of
the
the
Arabians,
Rhases
genus
(Cont.
of
the
by Hippocrates
in the
modern
or
Greek
1837.
AXt/iiov,
heterogeneous
But
useless
(c. 76)
Serapion
agree
cases
acute
rinsed
Dioscorides.
or
author
our
the
other
be
to
Althaa
consists
also
are
speaks highly of
in dysuria, the
Avine
(Collig.v, 42.)
Averrhoes
not
have
they
Besides
new
supply no
in repeating
bv
delivered
'
Halimon
lows.
mal-
arborea
whole
the
would
occurs
officinalis
Athens
Phai-macopoeia,pubhshed at
Celsus.
our
seed
and
fuller than
with
mouth
(iii,
153.)
(ii,2, 72)
Avicenna
degree,
herbalists
1. ult.
drunk
it when
and
root
it,Dioscorides
authorities, who
other
modern
see
of
also
He
cases
with
wild
the Lavatera
Dioscorides
is much
officinalis.
but
its properties,
in enumerating
upon
character.
its
well
to
as
general
very
our
holds, however,
lithontriptic.
either
must
the
Althcea
which
conclusion
is the
he
authors
speciesof
intense
more
The
detergent of alphos.
CoMM.
is
But
(phymata).
tumours
other
all the
medical
discutient,relaxant, anti-inflammatory,soothing,
is
ripens
in
E/3t'(r/coc,
Jf
Ebiscus, Marsh-mallows,
or
H.
hesitation
no
would
(N.
certainlyacquainted
Inventions.)
'A\9aia
Althsea
it
Pliny
it
were
(History of
salt.
it.
ammoniac.
This
regarding
at
of
Greek
gem.
tlie
sal ammoniac.
kinds
have
and
describing
true
sal
our
need
we
in
vii.
600)
salt, whicli
factitious
else than
nothing
the
several
describes
minutely
Baithar
1. ult.
(Cont.
Rliases
A^dcenna
Ebn
"
[book
the
particles,
being
greater part
of
it is of
saltish
a
hot
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
mth
temperament,
or
Dioscorides
author
the
For
characters
abridges the
the
Arabians,
of
from
Atriplex Halhnus,
this
Galen
Comm.
'
'
'
sea-purslaneof our
English
A
vicenna
particularly
(ii,2,
It is the
(i,126.)
herbalists.
promotes
semen.
probably is
which
substance,
and
Our
Commentary.
It therefore
undigested sap.
an
of milk
formation
the
33
see
470.)
AXKciia,
with
drunk
the
wine
it
removes
All
Commentary.
evidentlyis
Celsus,
the Malva
mallow.
in
far
gi^dng
this
Alccea,Yervain-mallow,
the
Comm.
particularlyDioscorides
either of Hippoworks
crates
the
as
in
agree
See
occur
as
nor,
of
root.
authorities
the
its
particularly
belly,more
which
article,
When
speciesof wild mallows.
dysenteriesand gnawing pains
is
Alcaea, Vervain-mallow,
in
know,
we
of
those
the
Arabians.
AX/cvovm,
Alcyonia ; they
being possessed of
is
an
vermiform
sium
(it
when
biu-nt,it
That
which
and
has
only detergent,but
unwashed
likewise
wool
Commentary.
is
the
best
called
mile-
wherefore,
lichen
is most
acrid, proving
and
alphos.
which
that
not
sembles
re-
of all.
weakest
of the
account
an
kind
excoriating; but
is the
For
the
cleanses
sui'face
smooth
but
purple)
alopecia,and
cures
of all matters,
discutient
detergent and
acrid quality;
are
Aristot.
alcyonia,see
Comm.
'
(Hist.
Anim.
According
which
the
ix, 15)
Sprengel,
to
1 st
A.
which
species
stuposa, Ellis, or
aurantium,
the
alcyonia
and
when
rich
spongy
interior.
III.
3d,
"
soup."
the A.
(Mat.
of
are
palmatum
The
Med.
of
v,
Pall.
135.)
called
a
abridges
sort
of fishes
The
up.
of
zoophytes, five
and
Pliny. The
the
4th,
and
the
2d, the
the
the
they
swell
Spongia
5th,
GeofFroy
like gum
milk
warm
bones
Pall.
;
much
zoophytes
author
kind
cotoneum,
xxxii, 27.)
vomited
Dioscorides
by
substances, containing
Our
to
substance
in broth
of the
and
Spongia panicea,
Pall.
mixed
applied
Alcyonium
the
swallowed
and
47,
x,
consisted
A.
described
are
is the
papillosum
A.
the
also
was
H.
Pliny (N.
kingfishershad
term, however,
species of
says
the
that
tragacanth,
and
make
Dioscorides^
of the
account
3
'
SIMPLES.
34
do Aviceuna
alcyonia, as likewise
CoMM.
1. ult.
'
rosive^
caustic_,and
believe
it does
in the
occur
propertieslike salts,only
the
of very
and
'
"
with
from
weaker
detergent powers,
times
(Coiit.
as
cor-
(v^ 6, 7, 18.)
is unmixed
and
Rhases
vir.
We
Hippocratic treatises.
of
the
other
mixture
with
pickled olives
therefore
is
has
matter
is
water.
possessed
injectedin ischiatic
dysentericcomplaints.
CoMMEXTARY.
CoMM.
'
of
bi"ine
medicine,
cleansing
(iij
2, 605) and
prescribesit several
Celsus
\, \, 677.)
not
[book
be
no
as
doubt.
the
both
is useful
in, when
poured
article,there
brine
of the
addition, recommends
Dioscorides, in
water
ulcers
putrid
of this
nature
recommends
Galen
for
wash
the
Regarding
from
pickled fish
and
mouth
it for such
the
upon
can
rectum.
cases
as
sea-
'AXojj,
Aloe, Aloes,
the
third.
is
heating
is
It
it is less
anti-inflammatory,and
especiallythose about the
it is
detergent,but
the
promotes
and
anus
Dioscorides
Commentary.
CoMM.
degree,and
first
desiccative
washed
protic. ^^^len
in the
in
ecco-
stomachic;
more
cicatrization
of
ulcers,
pudendum.
is the
first author
who
gives
'
"
distinct
of this
account
vai'ieties of the
the
hemorrhoids
the
contrary
hemorrhoids
Galen
and
that
says
and
eflPect.
that
b}^Dr.
several
Pereira
as
also Dr.
et
Arabia
it is at
being the
Aloe
giguitur, arbor
the
stomach
says
and
it is
an
liver.
odoris
He
it
in
duces
pro-
it is hurtful
in
same
stomachic
hepatica vera
socotorine
suavissimi
commends
and
Mesne,
authorities.
excellent
two
of veins
mouths
Mesne,
the
describes
arenaceous
and
the
medical
of the
the
the
Averrhoes
He
the. fundament.
says
mentions
eccoprotic. Didymus
do
of
up
A^dcenna
to
Hence,
affections
properly remarks
vi,6), as
it closes
but, according
article.
hepatic.
important
aloe.
of aloes
et
as
an
is to
aloe.
"
summi."
which
inclica
That
socotorine
purgative
it
Aloe
In
See
India
(Orig.)
evacuates
applicationto
SIMPLES.
36
'
this to
'
be
occasion
plant
article
made
Dioscorides
the
by
its
from
(iv,177),
the
Arabians.
and
Pliny
purgative
shall
we
treating of
uncertain.
is very
mention
authorities
turbit, but
question when
have
additions
this
What
all the
powers.
See
our
author
whom
vir.
supposed
commentators
produces
Medica
reallywas
tlie older
which
this
discuss
Materia
the
to
the
to
of
Many
Commentary.
CoijiM.
'
[book
medical
in
particular
evidently
copies.
'
is
Alysson, Madivort,
who
bitten
been
have
of the
'
and
"
from
that
It
was
Marrubium
to
cleanses
the
of Galen
The
have
been
of
name
former
species
some
recommends
See
(iiij
95.)
Vulpes,
renders
fluids to
into
the
oil
it
it
Wherefore,
of
in
and
tured
conjec-
fact,there
inability
our
own
the
animal, if boiled
discutient, when
surface.
been
A.
of
Galen.
hydrophobia,
this
CoMM.
'
account
of the
medicinal
oil
attracts
when
for
alive
the
arthritic
dead,
or
deep-seated
patients are
time
a
hip-bath
the
complaint entirely,if at its commencement,
it if protracted.
moderates
Galen
and
Commentary.
Serapion give nearly the
put
the
(ii,2, 26.)
whole
the
must
is
It
has
our
herbalists
madwort.
Ave
also
the
which
Veronica, but,
of
substance
is
(which
to
herbalists
different
also Avicenna
tJie Fox
the
his
tions
obstruc-
removes
earlier
Dioscorides
Dioscorides
is
Galen's
of
That
of dis-
ephelis.
supposed by
the A.
Ahjssum.
it
those
to
use
Being possessed
species of horehound,
it is of
powers,
no
to
because
dogs.
Dioscorides.
distinctive
give the
is
that
of
author's) is
"
and
commentators
mad
desiccative
kidneys,
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
called
so
by
AXvaaov,
considerable
properties of the
Canis
it
vuljpesas
moves
re-
and
same
our
author.
A/iopoKOC)
Amaracus,
and
'
in the
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
desiccative
Marjoram
appears
quite
in
the
third
degree,
second.
That
certain
it is calefacient
from
it
was
the
some
ancient
species of
marjoram
descriptionsof it ;
but.
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
otherwise, it
bably, it
the
was
same
as
For
and
emmenagogue,
an
the
Rhases
(Cont.
2, 466)
(ii,
see
Avicenna
1. ult.
i, 439.)
Arabians,
other
for various
Most
Comm.
pro-
'
'
the
the
stronglyrecommends
Dioscorides
Marjorana.
num
determined.
satisfactorily
the sampsuchus, namely,
as
be
cannot
37
Origa-
ointment
(i,78.)
purposes,
Serapion (c.286);
A^topai'roi',
when
and
it
It dries
all
up
when
taken
defluxions, and
is bad
The
CoMMEXTARY.
menstrual
the
promotes
blood
coagulated
dissolves
honey.
wine
with
taken
incisive,and
and
is attenuant
Amaranth,
Amarantum,
discharge,
and
wine
with
stomach,
for the
describe
herbalists
old
fore
there-
under
plant
Comm.
'
the
of
English name
this
borrows
author
How
plant,which
should
nature,
well
at the
bleeding solelyfrom
things
laid
it
regard
must
colours.
to
be
time
same
act
being
as
an
as
its
tory.
contradicof
drying
does
emmenagogue,
see
of
substances
under
he
although, as
(Simpl.2, 4)
rule
virtues
But
the
as
the
to
they represent
in this way
act
down
rather
certainlyappears
Our
of
account
'
it has
that
his
Aetius
be
to
Om*
appear.
remarks
and
Galen
from
properties,Avhich
medicinal
not
it
article,but
that
drawn
helicrysus,which
Galen
had
inference
no
be
can
adds,
with
their
from
Dioscorides
holds
plant.
same
when
Ambrosia;
appliedas
has
cataplasm it
astringentand
repellentpowers.
Ambrosia,
Commentary.
is
name
vague
Our
old herbalists
Oak
of
He
Galen
which
Cappadocia,which
gives it the same
and
maritima,
Aetius
a
plant
has
describe
do
not
by
any
been
plant under
medicinal
the
It
same.
p.
Arabians
the
as
probably
unknown
70.)
English
We
except
of
name
the A. of Dioscorides.
character
yet wholly
of the
they represent as
Pliny remarks
as
to
our
is the
the
have
Ebn
author
shops.
not
Baithar
(iii.)
Ambrosia
found
See
it
(i,80.)
SIMPLES,
S8
[booktii.
"A/H/LU,
is of
the
and
of
and
diuretic
Bishop's Weed,
Ammij
the
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
'
but
"
held
long
Ammi
in
place
the
ranked
as
of the
one
authorities,ancient
bestowed
aud
it
upon
bui'nt.
CoMM.
is
Some
but
does
possessed,but
which
resisted
Pliny (H.
N.
when
now
the
be
to
all
word,
giving it
and
It is
the
ters
charac-
Galen.
like
stone-
fire it is not
depilatories.
with
the
generally confounded
which
it is compared by Dioscorides,
substance, being a varietyof asbestus.
mention
medicinal
any
states
that
force
of
the
in
(De
is held
now
is
different
not
In
agree
Dioscorides
because
with
plumosum,
Dioscorides
seeds, and
has
Galen
AytUOlTOl',
formed
in Cyprus, being
This
yet it is
63)
(iii,
hot
it in desiccative
use
it is in fact
it is
lesser
modern,
is
Commentary.
Ahimen
]\Iedica,and
carminative.
by
called
so
Bishop's weed,
or
Dioscorides
four
and
Lapis Amiantus,
alum,
Materia
aperient, and
attenuantj
particles,discutient
v) ; Avicenna
Simpl.
of calefacieuts
particularlyuseful.
copticum,
See
scarcely recognized.
order
subtile
of it is
seed
The
third
garments
made
were
(M. M.
fire.
propertiesof
v,
which
of
out
See
155.)
it,
also
xix, 4.)
''A^^UOC:,
that
Arena, Sand;
Wherefore
when
which
have
dry
fomentation
heated
been
in
instead
The
sea-shore
the
by
buried
Commentary.
CoMM.
the
on
and
of millet
Sand
desiccative.
sufficiently
it dries
sun
it
is
or
when
up
roasted
bodies
it forms
salts.
the Sea-shore.
of
all humid
have
We
often
'
"
"
had
occasion, in
heated
sand
as
and
diT
emollient
the
of this
work,
to
mention
the
use
of
fomentation.
powers,
so
to
as
dissolve
is
scii*rhous
juice of
tumours
tofi.
Commentary.
CoMM.
course
AjniLi(i)i'iaKoi'
Ovpia/Lia,
Ammoniac
Perfume,
thymiama.
Ammoniacum
intense
the
juice of
Dioscorides
a
Ferula
growing
describes
near
the ammoniac
Cyrene, and
mentions
as
being
after-
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
that
wards
in
tribe
reed
is
kind
infezior
which
day,
Lybia,
kind
better
the
inferior
an
with
Greek
The
of
the
and
was
Dioscorides
bowels
when
of
the
indurations
taken
in
chest
when
of
the
Galen
gives nearly
Dioscorides
much
and
diuretic
and
and
for
the
liver
Arabian
and
emmenagogue,
Ebn
supply
additional^ information
and
commends
Averrhoes
dissolves
Avicenna,
hard
the
it
niac,
ammo-
poses,
pur-
honey
in
the
for
form
(iii, 88.)
quotes
particulars of
humours
the
tions
affec-
Serapion
other
that
as
from
and
Baithar,
as
of
cornea,
medicine
the
not
it is
body.
-Abbas
Haly
interest
any
the
orientalis.
other
applied
of it.
of
is
loosening
with
expels
modern
it
authorities, such
Rhases,
head.
for
linctus
few
the
quainted
ac-
medicinal
as
when
not
religious rites.
many
of
adds
(c. 268.)
no
in
and
characters
and
from
as
present
were
kind
asthma
for
nebulae
same
Galen,
importance
for
externally;
given
spleen
finest
"
the
does
Ferula
used
being
draught
and
cataplasm;
and
the
In
or
the
ammoniac
internally
^^hether
whether
questioned
from
recommends
both
have.
'
produces
ancients
gummiferum,
called
so
the
we
svffimentum, was
or
-which
of
Comm.
"
ammoniacum,
that
of the
tree
tingitana.
which
is
it
reed
Dorema
holds
kinds
two
from
ammoniacum
the
Heracleum
thymiama,
of
from
Pharmacopoeia
product
Ferula
the
Hill
Dr.
the
The
commercial
procured
certain.
appear
called
the
obtained
is also
Amnion.
near
now
be
is
kind
39
under
this
softens
which
(Collig.v, 42.)
tumours.
'A^to'pyr?,
Amurca,
the
calefacient,
cures
in
desiccative
and
ulcers
in
of Oil, is
Lees
dry bodies,
of the
second
medicines.
but
order
these
By
increases
and
of
intensely
it
means
exasperates
those
others.
The
Co:m:mentary.
sediment
external
of strained
application,
Dioscorides
injectioninto
of these
oil.
in
in various
collyriaand
amurca,
parts.
form
affections.
plasters.
the
Celsvis
which
rectum,
He
also
the
Dioscorides
as
mentions
it is
He
speaks
m-ethra,
it often
of
its
the
it is
an
being
Comm.
'
'
as
strong
greatly commended
says
and
states, is the
by
article
used
vagina, in
as
in
an
diseases
SIMPLES.
40
[bookvii.
A/LiTreXoTrpacfoi',
Vine-leek, being
Ampeloprasum^
acrid
most
mended
and
Dioscorides
by
degree
is
leek^
it
hence
and
hurtful
in
beneficial
food,
follows
author
Our
the
leek
to
L,
Ampeloprasum
being
as
than
emmenagogue
given
Allium
The
'
'
wild
to
stomach.
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
last
the
to
of
incisive,deobstruent,
It is
deleterious.
proves
the
according
liot
and
species
powerfully
more
{Allium Porrum)
stung by
persons
is
recom-
calefacient
and
when
animals.
venomous
Galen.
'AyitTTfAocay^ia,
of
detergent
of
The
powers
but
weaker.
The
psilothrum)
The
root
is
vine
of the
eaten
are
down
vine,
the
with
cataplasm
black
shoots
have
also
and
figs;
called
some
astringency.
of
it
and
bryony,
wild,
hot.
is like the
fore
Where-
applied externally
or
itch
diuretic.
prove
moderately
cures
the
(calledalso bryonia
drunk
spleen when
sessed
pos-
those
are
and
are
hke
stomachics,
as
tops
also
ivhite vine
detergent,attenuant,
it melts
a
but
cultivated
and
its grapes
Vine;
powers,
the
and
as
Wild
the
sylvestris,
Yitis
and
The
leprosy.
aforementioned, only
weaker.
The
Commentary.
CoMM.
wild
vine
evidently the
is
Tamus
com-
'
"
""
munis
the
alba.
Bryonia
the
why
is
that
Pliny
and
could
them
Dioscorides
the
in
the
terms,
applicationto
an
(iv, 180.)
He
powers.
Our
Materia
Medica,
the
ancient
which
at
especiallyof
as
and
which
authorities.
and
mahgnant
take
of the
See
biTonies
reason
(xxiii,1),
Arabians.
the
and
the
more
strongest
ill-conditioned
notice
and
them
in
of
older
in the
the
together,
length,
commends
herbalists
all treat
that the
all
are
considerable
he
black
confounded
are
error
Oribasius
modern
the
sufficientlyexpound
them
white,
and
herbalist, says
\ine
wild
not
of
old
om*
the
all one,
treats
dioica
Bryonia
Gerarde,
bryony
made
and
white
its
purgative
writers
same
sores,
on
terms
the
as
Bryonia.
AfivycaXa,
Ajuygdalse, Almonds;
which
are
attenuant
and
the
bitter
deobstruent
are
of
possessed
of
powers
deep-seated viscid
and
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
aud
humours,
thick
wood
The
of
detergent
tlie
has
same
41
The
powers.
in
lodged
those
sweet
the
skin.
moderately-
are
hot.
article
this
Respecting
Commentary.
there
can
of
the
he
Comm.
no
'
difference
of
authorities
take
with
vinegar
or
the
nearly
commends
such
oil
almond
diseases,
otherwise
enlarges
almonds.
As
as
is
1. ult.
them
'
strained
be
to
and
separated ;
become
paring
starch
Pliny
describes
says,
17.)
it may
He
Serapion
be
is
taken
in
from
astringent,
also recommends
obstructions
of
of
this
in
he
gives
See
also
Rhases
The
latter
(Cont.
recommends
liver.
wheat
moistened
which
water
it becomes
in
the
is to
be
soft,
very
poured off,and
quickly
with
bran
the
before
sun
it
are
process
prepared
calls it
the
of
TN'hen
water
author's
mostly
the
of
humours.
Om*
Commentary.
are
recommends
He
diseases
dog-days,
di'ied
be
powers
of acrid
of
virtues
other
clean
day.
the
and
Its
emollient
and
the
of
it is to
sour.
from
in the
poured
it is
heat
the
during
water
and
AftvXoj',
is formed
Starch,
Amylum,
of the
deobstruents
other
almonds
bitter
which
account
(Collig.v, 42.)
Averrhoes
powerful
as
and
speaks highly
the
uterus,
character,
same
says,
interesting,(ii,257.)
most
i,45)
he
herpes
Altogether
kidneys.
article
he
almonds
it the
fattening.
are
application to
an
the
nephritic,calculous, and
food,
almonds
sweet
Bitter
skin.
of
greatly
complaints,
of
very
they
says,
various
displacement
gives
article
an
and
stomachic,
them
AA^cenna
(i,38.)
in
earache,
and
in headache
the
aud
pains, inflammation,
as
also
as
forehead
the
Dioscorides
in
demulcent
from
Serapion gives
(i,186.)
(c.82.)
'
resisting
formed
internally,he
diuretic,
ancient
in
applied to
Taken
of them.
almonds
cataplasm
oil,and
rose
account
same
many
of
that
states
and
laxative, soporific,
are
and
powers
headache.
relieves
temples
or
the
of
notice
Dioscorides
intoxication.
almonds,
Plutarch
opinion.
nearly
the
or
recommends
it in this
the
mode
Dioscorides
from
wheat
and
of
account
same
terms.
N.
Comm.
pre-
(ii, 123.)
spelt.(H.
it in
of
'
He
xx-\-iii,
haemoptysis.
complaint, (c.29.)
'
Celsus
CoMM.
""
'
"
'
succi/'
ranks
it among
tioned
by Hippocrates, who
recommends
mouth
(De
to
the
the
boni
"
res
womb.
of the
'
; its powers
Amomum
the
For
it
Mulieb.
would
we
to
Greek
the
to
beg
which
refer
hke
digestive.
more
practicalacquaintance
we
agree
This
Cardamomum.
started
there
been
very
describing
and
and
no
doubt
similar
to
it
it
that
to
eyes, and
ripeus
those
gouty
in the
of
and
of
liver and
prove
they
ingredients
and
of
more
author,
our
or
and
(c.279.)
not
were
an
which
he
of
it
of
way,
the
same
both
as
an
given
of
inebriating
of it is made
in
[hamama)
the
Haly
diseases
amomum
decidedly
seems
thing)
plaster [mcdagma)
recommends
it
authority
account
includes
the
the
that
Serapion (ii,251.)
Celsus
emollient
possessed
it is
exactly
and
the
upon
Avicenna's
(Avhich,by
it is useful
descriptionsof
adds,
decoction
of
nephritis,hepatitis,and
the
and
cataplasm
inflammations
hip-bath,
of
cases
meliceris,
and
raisins ; that
of
rific,
sopo-
forehead,
the
to
boils
soothes
with
form
the
kidneys.
cardamomum
that
treats
scorpions,in
by
Isaac, that
the
plaster
discusses
bowels,
Dioscorides, Galen,
Abbas
and
have
must
Dioscorides
persons,
Galen,
of
son
recommends
the
and
fitting in
soporificpowers,
from
ancients,
the
substances
two
Serapion quotes
(i,14.)
Dioscorides
and
up
it is
the
these
stung
persons
decoction
Humaim,
of
amomum
applied in
complaints, in
by
viously
pre-
still if
But
in female
gout,
been
had
i, 14.)
Dioscor.
another.
one
relieves
basil;
with
that
when
anodyne
useful
proves
which
Amomum
the
as
as
stating
it down
have
we
now
not
fully of
the
be
be
can
setting
Sprengel. (ad
cardamom
the
in
opinion, however,
Feseus
by
learned
the
by
the
illustration
question,unless
in
article
with
Pereira
Dr.
that
subject,
Appendix
the
in
all the
admitted
be
must
no
with
we
Notwithstanding
received, it
it has
said
this
of
literature
have
but
sweet-flag ;
the
of
latter
general
what
Lexicon.
men-
ii.)
those
the
the
to
is
apphcation
an
as
'
"
It
(ii,20.)
yii.
A.IX(s)fXOV,
are
di-ier,and
is the
former
Commentary.
CoMM.
"~^'
[book
SIMPLES.
42
excellent
the
among
which
to
he
scribes,
de-
application
SIMPLES.
44
[book
vii.
Ai'opa/vjj,
is
Portulaca, Purslain,
humectates
of
stomach
the
defluxions.
its
By
'
'
aud
Adscidityit
its
by
Both
he
and
author
our
commendation
writes
and
and
teeth
heat
dispels
when
it relieves
its
fully on
author,
our
set
on
dysentery
from
to
sub
and
Galen,
plant, which
the
who
writes
its
date.
intestinal
bowels,
various
other
Averrhoes
terms
the
Tutsan,
varieties
two
are
of
as
wise
like-
cooling
the
our
Celsus
For
the
also
inflammations
calls it
Arabians,
Rhases
(Cont.
of it in
treat
flammatio
in-
head,
hsemoptysis,hemorrhoids,
They
or
of
ascyrroides,being
named
in
and
gent
astrin-
an
see
Serapion
1. ult.
i, 563)
nearly the
same
Greeks.
Androssemum,
and
(ii,
2, 534)
(Collig.v, 42.)
as
there
(ii.)
earnestly
place
it
internally,for
(ii,150.)
cases,
Avicenna
and
worms,
cooling herb,
and
(c. 349)
"c.,
purs-
Dioscorides
\drtues, recommending
eyes
the
-astringentherb.
retained
late
describes
of the
it,the
of which
one
species of
Their
dionysias.
fruit
John's
is called
hypericon,
is
purgative,
or
Park-leaves
but
wort
ascyrron
the
but
?);
other
is
their
leaves
been
gene-
desiccant.
more
Commentary.
'
abdomen,
the
cooling
copy
of this
of
'
the
smooths
like
Aetius,
{Portulaca oleracea)as
CoMM.
to
but
it relieves
powers
astringency
"
these
degree,
hemorrhages.
lane
in
third
the
by
applied
and
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
when
acids
edge by
and
second
in the
in
cooling
rally
set
plants of
close
lands
on
The
truth
of
is
resemblance
have
as
recent
times.
the
to
the
article
it
plant,
classic
Hypericum
Rutty
this
as
together by
and
Tutsan
down
ciliatum.
the
Our
the
the
matter
we
authorities.
Both
then'
wonder
androscemum
should
and
all the
application
believe
to
the
often
that
been
the
Htjpericum
be
that
as
species have
Culpeper
medical
viewed
the
were
have
to
who
to
and
genus,
expressed
an
inclines
another, they
one
Pliny,
Sibthorp,
spot,
numerous
older
strongly as
but
has
so
confounded
the
herbalist
important
lost
sight
an
of in
authorities, recommend
burns
and
ulcers, and
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
45
administered
Comm.
cholagogue powers to it when
internally.
See Dioscorides
(i);
(iii,
163) ; Galen (De Simpl. v) ; Aetius
Ebn
Baitliar
Rliases
Coll.
Oribasius
xiii)
(ii,579) ;
(Med.
;
The
ult.
last
two
1.
i^59.)
merely give extracts from
(Cent.
ascribe
'
'
"
and
Dioscorides
Galen.
Androsaces, is
It and
cative.
its
bitter and
acrid
fruitywhen
Tliis is
herb, discutient
drunk,
and
desic-
diuretic.
are
"
'
'
'
'a
of it have powers
Anemone, Wind-jfoivei'
; all the varieties
and open the mouths
which
of
acrid,detergent, epispastic,
are
vessels
whence
applied,and
they
attract
poetry,being
He
two, the
mentions
each
in
and
coronai'ia,
the
indigenous in
external
gardens.
anemone
for foul
see
Avicenna
1. ult.
to be
iii,48) ; Ebn
The
other
is
of
as
colour
the
latter
A.
only
tivated
cul-
them
ulcers,in
in Celsus.
divides
commonly
principallyas
mation
collyriafor inflammenstruation,
succeeding authorities
For
follow
the
him.
Arabians,
Rhases
(Cont.
than
(ii,1 00.) They do little more
in the modern
The A. prateasis occurs
Baithar
down
pessariesto promote
found
(ii,2, 655)
wild, and
set
(132.)
Comm.
Dioscorides.
diff^erence
be
ancient
difficulty
some
by
nemorosu.
the
in
'
been
the
recommends
eyes, and in
and the
Galen
is not
may
the A.
as
of the
The
and
former
other
as
applications,
(ii,207.)
has
speciesdescribed
cultivated
The
flowers.
in
celebrated
varieties,
according to the
into two
their
there
genus,
determining exactlythe
in
leprosy when
remove
wind-flowers, so
numerous
phlegm,
milk.
The
Commentary.
is
increase
'
'
SIMPLES.
46
'
and
is
in
dries
But
and
and
ulcers.
foul
upon
the
But
of the
third
of
order
sprinkled
when
and
less
hot
abridges
the
humid,
more
oil it
crnde
concocts
is useful
is
green
in
digestive.
Our
Commentary.
of
account
various
dill
the
his
in
Dioscorides,
useful
proving
The
(iii,60.)
the
promoting
as
the
in
it for
of
milk, stopping
the
hip-bath, and
usvial copy
as
flow
bowels, increasing
hystericalwomen
Arabians
Galen.
graveolens) giA^en by
usual
opening
to
and
condenses
author
[Anethum
such
pm'poses,
slight vomiting,
from
urine,
forth,
so
both.
Avi-
See
(ii,2, 69.)
cenna
'
there
Anthyllis ;
applications
cant
pine
consists
of
Comment
to
AvBvXkiQ,
varieties,both
two
are
ulcers
but
It is also
The
AKY.
that
of which
be
to
as
desic-
are
the
resembling
particles,so
subtile
more
epilepticcases.
CoMM.
it becomes
and
boiled
and
soporific;
drying medicines,
and
heating
degree intensely,
When
degree.
same
burnt
when
second
the
in
diaplioretic,anod}Tie,
vii.
Avr]9ov,
warms
tlie
nearly
swellings.
CoMM.
it
Dill;
Anetlium,
[book
ground-
beneficial
in
detergent.
more
former
species,
which
Dioscorides
de-
"
scribes
"
and
recommends
willingly refer
of
the
to
The
joins
Dioscorides
in
744),
for which
virtue
of
cure
wounds,
the
probably
it
commending
the
but
in favour
it, and
against
is
other
the
Anthyllis vulneraria,
authority is
cretica.
scientific
for
Ajiiga
as
anthylliswas
would
we
the
of
nance
predomithe
Iva.
Cressa
Avicenna
herb
Aulnerary
(ii,2,
long celebrated,
as
its
implies.
name
A.V1](J0V
}
drying
the
Anise;
Anisum,
in the
thu'd
seed
degree.
is
particularlyacrid, eating,
Hence
it is diuretic
and
and
dispels
flatus.
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
'
"
Serapion
authorities,
gogue.
other
call the
It is
three
now
and
Pimpinella
reckoned
the
Avicenna,
anisum
like
diuretic
and
hot
and
fennel.
the
Greek
emmena-
seeds,
the
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
47
'
or
'A.i"Tippivov
Avappii'ov,
Antirrinoiij or
those
learn
may
its
of
the
Calfsnout,
properties
whence
weakcrj
writcs
of
being
as
of
this
no
sembling
re-
you
article,Antirrinum
medicine.
in
use
Simpl. V.)
and
bubonium,
Galcu
or
but
properties.
CoMMEXTARY.
Orontium,
has
Snapdragon,
Anarriuon,
it
only
as
(De
other
Serapion
has
omitted
in
its root.
secretion
'
KvtoviQ or
Q,i'(ji)viQ,
or
juice,when
Its
of
by
it.
'
Anonis,
'
'
amulet
an
external
the
Comm.
'
with
drunk
especially
wine, promotes
breaks
urine, is lithontriptic,
eschars, and
the
soothes
as
Galen.
further
mentions
pickle
of Rhases
Serapion and
of late
have
the
borrow
fact
it,that
it
appear
to
five
not
of the
Greek
94.)
p.
of
it from
Modern
thorities
au-
It
is
copoeias.
Pharma-
caries.
apothe-
Two
species
in the
spinosa, occur
'
*
Onobes
roots.
Comm.
'
from
the
be
it.
the
sometimes
was
characters
omitted
of
account
aperient
been
expelled from our
to our
wholly unknown
it has
yet it is
Even
See
Avicenna
that
years
of
in
gives the
it among
enumerate
All
It would
18.)
(iii,
Galen.
only
abridges his
from
antiquorum
Dioscorides, who
used
author
Our
modern
ATTapivT),
Lappa,
Cleavers
(which
call
some
desiccativc; it also
All
herbalists
the
others
philanthropon,
and
best
commentators
Comm.
"
agree
and
leaves
that
it is the
others.)
is useful
drunk
with
cures
earache
to
persons
;
an
and
tumours.
aparine.
According
wine
scrofulous
Galium
to
Dioscorides
bitten
by phalangia
injection of
when
mixed
Galen
the
up
and
same
with
the
of
decoction
and
its
vipers,when
into
the
axunge
subsequent
cars
it discusses
autho-
'
*
48
SIMPLES.
rities
CoMM,
attach
to
seem
less
[book
importance
it.
to
94.)
(iii,
vii.
We
"
find it in
cannot
but
a
Serapion^Rhases, Avicenna,
it is treated
of
in many
place
all
by
modern
however, in the
our
modern
Greek
partly of
terrene
therefore, it is
as
Our
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
cataplasm
'
"
as
and
Pliny
pears
an
cools
Galen
article of food
of it
of
quickly fatal
it proves
'
Commentary.
'
"
acrid
the
it be
whether
or
one
decided
on
sists,as
eradi
(i,167.)
But
cause
be-
cynomoron,
it is also deleterious
borrows
Galen.
his
It is
clearlya poison
by Schulze among
Orfila
formerly
we
as
this
rather
the
also treats
the
Periploca Graca,
of
account
It
the
is the
been
he
of it
ful
doubt-
seems
stated
it
diximus
pretend
cannot
we
to
give any
subject.
old
A.7royryfjia,
pitch scraped from
discutient
explains,of
macerated
navibus
herbs,
Dioscorides
Commentary.
had
that
says,
dogs.
to
fact,it is classed
these
opinion
Apochyma,
CoMM.
treated
'
the
Dioscorides
eaten,
it is also called
(Toxicol,veterum.)
poisons.
among
be
In
medicine.
ancient
to
Both
when
of
have
Dioscorides
persons
author
Our
closelyfrom
article very
than
applied
hot, without
being very fetid and
being desiccant.
when
applied externallyas a cataplasm it is discutient,
men,
Hence,
CoMM.
eaten,
When
J^vvoK^a/nj^i],
or
canina, Dog's-bane
When
We
Book.
perry.
prejudicalto hungry
Brassica
consisting
temperament,
Aetius.
First
in the
mention
make
prove
to
moderately.
copies the characters
and
Attokvvov
to
as
author
from
commwiis
Pyrus
Attiov,
contained,
It is not
and
it dries
found
has
Pharmacopoeia.
Pear, is unequal
the
herbalists,and
pharmacopoeias.
'
Pyrum,
older
Abbas
Haly
nor
the
It
is
of tumours.
calls it also
wax
in salt water.
cera
ships.
marino
and
Xu)Triaaci.
pitch
Pliny
of
saj^s of
sale macerata.
It
ships
con-
which
"
it, Zopissam
Optima
haec
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
Adclitur
na\dum.
tirocinio
collectiones.^^
cutiendas
49
malagmata
xxiv, 26.)
N.
(H.
ad
in
autem
dis-
Comm.
"
'
"
'Apay^vr],
the
to
softened
Spicier,when
the
Aranea,
and
forehead
temples,
is said
of tertians.
periodicalattacks
stops hemorrhage, and
the
remove
into
plaster,and
by Dioscorides
to
web, when
Its
plied,
apfrom
superficial
sores
presences
plied
ap-
infliimmation.
Dioscorides
Commentary.
describes
species,which
two
Comm.
'
domestica.
retiaria,and the Aranea
probably are the Aranea
of their medicinal
account
properties.
Serapion gives the same
been
to have
They appear
principallyused externally,as an
anti-inflammatoryapplication.
'
"
A^yefX(i)vr],
Prickly Poppy, is possessed of detergent and
Argemone,
discutient
powers.
Of
Commentary.
the
bv
is the
former, which
in nebulae
him
the two
and
as
the
Geum
an
applicationin
but
adds
of
case
of
persons
and
the
the
Arabians
it,that
when
sores
of Ebn
Dioscorides
not
seem
Baithar, who
and
Galen
had
of it
more
of it at
treat
to
of it.
eyes
in the
all,with
the
ception
ex-
of what
may
208.) Galen
(ii,
cursorily
; and
animals,
treat
the
it is useful
wine
principally
aff"ections of
with
venomous
succeeding authorities
would
and
"
as
other, which
also recommends
drunk
stung by
its leaves
and
eve,
'
"^
is recommended
The
he
avens,
by Dioscorides,comm.
argemone,
inflammations.
iirbanvm, or
external
Papaver
albugo of the
speciesdescribed
(i,28.)
Apt(70pOl',
Arisarum,
but
much
Friar's
acrid ; and
more
Commentary.
to
this
Our
plant,which
nificant powers.
botanical
name
medicine, and
Arabians
III.
has
herbalists
they
even
It is the
aris of
arisaron.
recommends
it
to
have
to
olive.
an
of Friar's Cowl
name
be
wakerobin,
size of
of the
give the
admit
is Arum
appear
root
the
than
Cowl, is smaller
possessed of insig-
Pliny. (H.
Dioscorides
N.
calls it
acrid
an
solelyin collyria.(ii,198.)
confounded
it with
Comm.
'
"
the
arum,
The
under
"
SIMPLES.
50
the
CoMM.
""^^
of
name
Baithar
Luf.
See
[book
Avicenna
(ii,2, 132)
vii.
Ebn
and
(ii,449.)
A.oit7To\oyria,
Aristolocliia,Birthwort
of
subtile
and
useful
most
are
subtile
is
particles,and
between
CoMM.
these, but
authorities
their
still retain
used.
places in
the
expulsion of the
ix,15)
as
He
antidote
an
it
Avicenna
strongly
Pliny
Pistolochia.
its
'
"^
major and
in
Theophr. (H.
arsenic
and
authorities
the
other
heats
and
on
dries
also
commends
re-
for asthma.
1. ult.
;
species under
writers
being
as
cine,
alexipharmic medi-
(Cont.
confirm
P.
commending
great length, re-
it
He
of it at
the
the
the
the
See
Materia
racter
cha-
Quincy,
Medica.
third
only
of
name
birthwort's
in the
desiccant
Ebn
i, 77) ;
Baithar,
in
degree.
the
first
'
Commentary.
CoMM.
discharge,
describes
with
Rhases
equally calefacient,but
degree.
'
an
Junipeinis,the Jumper,
fruit is
uterine
recommend
The
seldom
it is useful
emmenagogue.
uterine
also
describes
^Modern
to
by
first two
lochial
also
Mesue
treats
(Collig.v, 42) ;
pluries.
as
as
See
(ii,2, 49.)
See
along
fumigation
Averrhoes
The
also says
poisons.
to
and
Aris-
described
been
downwards
Nicander
toxicologistsfrom
birthwort
round.
afi'ections of the
The
mediate
respects, inter-
downwards.
foetus.
more
Birthwort, the
menstruation, the
clematitis
our
recommends
Dioscorides
of
The
the
clematis,have
Diosoorides
from
than
the
specics of
tolochia
less hot
subacrid
consists
no
Thrcc
CoMMENTAKY.
the
The
and
drastic.
more
way
liot, consist
are
round
The
is every
weaker.
of it
detergent, bitter
are
remedies.
and
particles,
fragrant but
kinds
all
the
Dioscorides
minor, which
describes
probably
are
two
to
speciesof it,the
be
referred
to
the
in diseases
of the
mullein.
the
CoMM.
"
mend
it
Both
as
and
ophthalmic
hairs
of the
recom-
acrimony,
little
mixed
It is therefore
the
promotes
growth
up
the
of
eyelids.
shall not
We
Commentary.
'
'
medicines, and
yii.
chilblains.
and
burns
to
mentioned
have
we
detergentpropertieswith
has
with
CoMM.
authorities
degree of astringencv.
small
the
appHcation
an
Armeniacum,
"
[book
SIMPLES.
52
enter
of dis-
modern
by
decide.
who
of
names
(c.404)
copper
and
green
as
confounds
ascertained
well
is
described
now
copper
He
green.
applied to
when
substance
this
mountain
cosmetic
it
of
carbonate
native
the
with
pares
com-
is
that
under
the
merely
the
commends
re-
eyelashes.
Lapis armeuiacus,
accuratelydistinguishesbetween
AA-icenna
but
name
to
of
cluysocolla,which
it
Serapion
the
venture
cannot
we
was,
Mineralogy
of it under
to
speciesof
armenium
Cleavland's
See
treats
it
the
them,
Apvapu),
Arnabo, is
up
the
with
at
being possessed of
ointments,
degree, like
third
that
says,
one
be
it may
cassia and
used
it is
Hence
aromatics.
of the
hot
and
instead
dry
Hence
carpesium.
of
mostly
in
powers
Posidonius
when
cinnamon
mixed
it is not
hand.
article,which
This
Commentary.
CoMM.
(xvi,113),
Aetius
rately
It
determined.
beth, of which
another
besides
we
place.
See
"viU
the
our
author, has
been
has
of
to
treat
to
'only by
been
never
supposed
occasion
have
treated
is
be
the
accuzerum-
fully in
more
Appendix.
AoI'OyXw(T(70V,
Plantain,
Plantasro,
having
little
cools
both
a
watery
and
and
astringency; therefore
di'ies in
a
terrene
it agrees
the
second
substance,
with
lignant
ma-
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
of its
of
For
it is
Toeingnarcotic.
without
cooUng
it stops
temperament
tliem.
53
was
greater plantain of Dioscorides
all
down
to
the
probably the Plantayo major, which, in
ages
celebrated
a
as
vulnerary herb.
so
present times, has been
author's
Our
Dioscorides
authorities.
of
The
lanceolata
from
the
difference
in
lesser
and
Dioscorides
Galen.
and
list
substances
of
33.)
(ii,
in the
opinion
None
which
of the
modern
Greek
from
is
two
is either
former,
the
See
(ii,152.)
word
copy
of the
None
these
between
Dioscorides
of
Serapion
for word
plantains are
tioned
men-
plantago" in the
places the
both
astringent and cooling,
"
Celsus
b}' Hippocrates.
either
plantain
Avicenna
taken
is
or
Floridus.
Macer
virtues
its
for, in
Galen,
shade
of
account
or
scarcely
Comm.
The
CoMMEXTARY.
are
speciesof plantago
Pharmacopoeia.
described
here
occur
'Apoi^,
is
JFakerobm,
Arum,
of
of
the
substance
terrene
hotter.
are
in
heating
and
that
is hot
and
order
first
But
the
is
dracunculus
stronger.
We
Commentary.
herbalists,that
the
Arum
this
authors
author's
account
who
wakerobin
L.
Pliny
have
noticed
of its faculties
and
its
by
of it
treat
See
Avicenna
246.)
Even
the Materia
treated
at the
]\fedica.
place.
the
are
See
only
Our
purgative powers.
the
and
modern
same
as
that
its ancient
authority. The
confusedly,under
the
given
character
Arabians
Liif.
of
name
Baithar
Serapion (c. 43) ; Ebn
present day it is not wholly excluded
We
M.
See Pereira
(]\I.
p. 811.)
of its congener,
in another
Mesne
is much
Oribasius,
amply
(ii,
the
Book
dragon herb,
I,
as
an
article of
from
have
food,
114.
'ActaiviKOV,
Arsenic,
is
possessed of caustic
but
depilatories,
if the
Comm.
cuckow-pent, namely,
or
has
confirmed
older
our
'
'
with
along assumed,
is the
maculatum,
ancient
all
have
powers.
application l)c
It is used
allowed
to
also
remain
for
long
'
SIMPLES.
54
it affects
the
skin
itself.
[book
burnt
Wlien
its
vii.
particlesbecome
attenuated.
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
There
be
can
hesitation
no
in
deciding that
'
this
is
called
yellow- sulphuret of arsenic, commonly
orpiment, the latter term
being a corruption of auripig-
'
the
mentum,
the
ancients
used
and
Latin
this mineral
the
form
arsenic
as
Csehus
arsenic
containing
Celsus
in
external
an
clysters,and
arsenic
with
He
also
The
(v, 5.)
the
tion,
applicain
tions.
fumigaof
pine,
speaks highly of a
and honeyed water.
He
particularly
esthiomenos
of
applicationto herpes
an
(ii,2, 48.)
nose,
mouth,
pill,for asthma.
See
freely as
recommends
of
commends
it.
very
the
internallyby
Avicenna
in
of
name
Aurelianus
gum
recommends
for ascarides.
jection
in-
an
It
of chronic
freelyused in injectionsfor the cure
dysentery.
iii.) Serapion speaks favorably of it in complaints
(See Book
of the eyes.
arsenic
is a
(" 381.) Servitor says, that sublimed
the fungous flesh
removes
septicand pungent medicine, which
was
of
ulcers, and
makes
mention
which
of
arsenic,by
with
describes
depilatory. He
subliming and whitening
of
process
is
are
we
arsenic.
Geber
it is clear
he meant
white
which
familiar,
now
it.
minutely
AA-icenna
also
likewise
of
treats
the
the
factitious
limed
suboxide
29.)
(iii,
AoTfyittcrm,
Artemisia,
of
subtile
suit with
'
'
Dioscorides
by
camjjestris.
is
first.
the
the
heating in the
They are composed
break
down
of the
womb.
speciesof
recommends
He
the
artemisia
the
first two
describe
probable,
by AAacenna,
Aetius
and
species of
under
was
most
the
this
the
head
Artemisia
whose
of
the
strongly
the
He
of
as
a
also makes
characters
and
an
bath,
hipit
are
berengfef it appears
authorities
describe
artemisia.
an
form
the
described
arborescens, spicata,
given internally,in
and
Galen
in
stones
artemisia
an
(c. 83.)
Avicenna
it
as
it by
be.
only
they
are
be
given
to
three
when
and
to
in the
probably
are
emmenagogue,
varieties
fumigations
The
Commentary.
CoMM.
that
particles,so
kidneys, and
'
desiccant
degree, and
second
both
Mugwort;
oriental
Judaica.
Serapion
and
species,which,
Honain
(ap.
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
Indica.
tlie A.
describes
also
Avicennam),
55
The
famous
Moxa
Comm.
'
is
prepared
to
the
'
from
Under
Travels
lanugo
the
retained
virtues
evident
is
lithontriptic,
Macer
Floridus.
believed
speciesof
from
be
to
from
got
artemisia
the
here
be
in
for
accounted
AVe
by
of
gruel,and
then, having
to
the
consistence.
His
is most
ample
Asarum,
but
more
which
purge
our
him.
in
it is
discutient
leaven
of
now
than
of
the
of
the
descriptionof
the
78th
its
it
added
oil
He
adds,
He
uses.
the
butter
that
difterent
its
to
for
kinds
First
directs
'
"
us
boil it
best
of all
promoting
kinds
Comm.
'
mode
it,to
to
of
consistence
it is the
acquainted
the
sect,
acquires
or
can
is attractive
account
the
until
was
of
Asarabacca,
This
or
and
drunk
has
the
same
and
chronic
with
plant,which
Asarabacca,
common
like white
of
puration.
sup-
cataplasms
the sweet
as
powers
midse
is
certainly the
is said
flag,
to
hellebore,
the
and
promoting
amount
(i,9.)
well
with
to
seems
he
and
is
'^^^^
cal
dropsi; its
he
have
says,
looked
over-
nearly as
Oribasius
recommend
Comm.
to
menstruation
of six drachms,
Galen
Asarum
Dioscorides
by
emetic, answering
sciatica
as
work
and
diuretic,heating,
roots
intense.
Europceum,
cases
he
account
Commentary.
be
some
in water
dissolve
with
applications
given
excellent
an
to
proper
(and
moxa,
more
the
poultice and
bread
bread
it is
For
ancients
gives
preparing the
the
have
the
Oribasius
Book.
of
used
of it in the
the
gave
and
KoTOQ,
cataplasm
from
Commentary.
the
'
Bread
That
medicine.
practiceof
Panis,
Barrow's
emmenagogue
an
furnishing the
as
See
Dioscorides
is said
what
from
Except
as
'
adheres
Pereira.
which
character
which
artemisia.
leaf of the
and
Woodville, ]\Iiller,
China/
long
substance
downy
or
of the
surface
in
artemisia
the
brief
follow
it in
the
56
CoMM.
SIMPLES.
same
cases
Dioscorides, and
as
[book
in obstructions
also
vii.
of tlie liver
"
and
"
spleen^and
authorities
it
(Mat.
:Med.
by
43)
bestowed
retained
Fuligo, the
and
to
in
modern
this
occasion
and
The
now
deserve.
to
seem
has
is
nearly
seded
superis
asarum
still
painters
possessed of
38.) Although
attention
it woidd
country.
article
i,178); Rutty
p.
Ipecacuanha
Greek
which
Snot
is
Med.
(Mat,
than
548.)
p.
emetic
an
in the
burn
asarabacca
(M. M.
as
Lewis
Modern
medicinal
Dispensatories,less
our
the
Royle
See
this
of
from
on
it
ingredient in coUyria.
character
the
Dioscorides.
excluded
See
stimnlaut
confirm
given
not
as
It is taken
use.
discutient
and
acrid
It
putrefaction.
from
works,glassso
powers,
as
burns, with
cures
rose-cerate.
CoMxMENTARY.
CoMM.
'
'
'
mention
terms
the
Dioscoridcs
Fuligo,or
and
of
soot
of the other
some
authorities
same
Paulus.
as
A.aKa.\apwTr]Q,
Stellio,the Sivift
; this animal
but
bitten
the}^say
scorpion.
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
by
that
'
'
Book.
is
the
good
It is mixed
We
It
it is
have
spotted
for
is useless
apphcatiou
also with
treated
of this
to
by
to
venereal
stellio
author
our
poses,
pur-
persons
excitants.
reptilein
lizard, Lacerta
all other
the
Fifth
L.
in
Its
another
drunk
good
in the
'
is
the
and
There
of
its medicinal
candidly admits,
medicine.
Pliny,
it for
the
like
cure
with
tormina
cataplasm
animals, and
little
he
from
had
Dioscorides
tormina
to
reason
doubt
Swallow-wort.
characters
of
of
venomous
appears
that
form
its powers,
it is
nant
malig-
breasts.
Asclepius vincetoxicum, or
borrows
Galen
in the
bites
uterus
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
wine, and
applicationto the
ulcers
'
with
to
no
and
and
that
Our
Dioscorides.
author
96.)
(iii,
experience of it
our
the
author,
bites
of
it
as
mends
recom-
serpents.
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
(H.
Until
xxvii, 18.)
N.
Dispensatories,with
Pliarmacop.
to
characters
]Med.
in
place
it
given
Rutty (Mat.
held
latelyit
the
Quincy (p.59)
See
57
Comm.
'
'
the
by
44)
p.
modern
our
ancients.
'
Gray (Suppl.
57.)
p.
''AaKvppouis
Commentary.
of under
treated
We
stated
have
Androssemon.
dif-
the
avSocxrai/iWv
under
Comm.
'
distinguishingthe
is in
ficultythere
described
7'icum
decide
whether
the
163.)
the
1. ult. i, 59)
the
an
only
(iii,
either
identical
being
as
an
burns,
applicationto
to
as
ascyrron
"
the
or
E-hases
.(Cont.
heterogeneous
dients,
ingre-
See
.
2. 354.)
(ii,
Avicenna
it
pretend
androscemum
the
androssem.um
the
or
as
of
treat
hypericum
be
speciesof Hype-
cannot
recommends
sciatica,and
Arabians
We
article
present
in
emmenagogue,
with
ancients.
Dioscorides
perforatum.
The
the
by
different
A(T7raXaaoc,
is
Aspalathus, Kose-wood,
acrid
having
desiccant.
and
this
On
of
composed
astringent
powers,
it is useful
account
and
hence
it
for
mortifications
into
the
is
and
defluxions.
Commentary.
We
must
not
enter
discussion
Comm.
re-
'
this
garding
at
the
conclusion
substance
be
what
tree
or
the
Upon
it
to
it in
for
difference
it.
of
shrub
whole
suffice
that
near
so
substituted
great
thus
need
the
of
predominence
rhodium
it
be
will
has
observed
been
authorities.
^Moses
See
Rhases
characters
(Cout. 1.
as
ult.
The
the
in
Greeks.
i,251.)
The
rhodium.
in favour
the
an
of
aspala-
injection
genital
organs
.
distilled
oil of
Lignum
by modern
(llojal Pharmacopoeia,
similar
Charras
Arabians
is
complaints, (i,19.)
other
the
recommended
that
to
authorities
is
the
of
there
Lignum
gargle in aphthae,as
or
came
that
recommends
ulcers
impure
the
evidence
Dioscorides
as
latter
botanical
produces
arrived
now
rhodium,
the
the
Lignum
scarcely say,
among
it is which
and
spreading
have
we
that
qualities,
We
in wine
that
say,
either
opinion
the
boiled
when
to
was
species of Cytisus.
some
in
article
give
Sec
cases
the
Avicenna
aspalathus the
(ii,2, 20(5);
aspalathus of
Cclsus
(v,24)
CoMM.
[book
SIMPLES.
58
doubt,
no
was,
the
same
Dioscorides.
of
that
as
VII.
is pro-
It
'
'
the
bably
'
/.liXaivap'lQaof Hippocrates.
AtTTrapo'yoCj
but
of
seed.
of
the
It also
and
is detergent,
Myacanthinus,
or
temperament
kidneys
heat
to
as
and
cold
liver, especiallyits
it is
and
roots
toothache.
cures
Commentary.
CoMM.
Asparagus,
middle
deobstruent
Rock
the
Asparagus,
Book
See
I,
75.
The
to
have
been
medicinal
asparagus
'
'
of the
'
would
ancients
garden
for the
suppose,
must
down
the
being
hence
diseases
been
of
affections
of the
collection, and
(ii,2, 603)
A\acenna
treated
fullv
Rhases
kidneys
and
not
surprise
us,
in the
to
hands,
be
cannot
imparts
Casiri
from
(Bibl.Hist.
Corruda
of
by
Galen
(Cato de
R.
the
that
its odour
this
that
(V.
the
337.)
Hippocratic
Arabians.
See
Symeon
acts
asparagus
upon
herb
of
red colour
herb
Not.
he
alludes
At
Bogdani.)
ancients
believed
held
it is
wild
The
pickle in
i, 667.)
What
and
other
many
as
in the
certain
we
celebrated
powers,
it,remarks
to
Arabians
The
Arab.
been
the
used
are
Dioscorides
it
1. ult.
is reddened.
the cuticle.
by
occurs
exactly ascertained.
it is clear
events
urine
It
(Cont.
since, by holding
the
From
recommends
Celsus
very
ancient,
jaundice, nephritis,and
in
kind.
both
diiuetic
and
been
the
has
asparagus
deobstruent
of
given
like
purposes
our
given by
have
to
acutifoHiis.
time, the
present
it has
A.
from
its root
properties,since
in
the
of
seems
medicinal
been
possessed
there
them
between
have
description
yet
culinary and
same
to
the
and
(ii,151),
little difference
as
from
asparagus,
Dioscorides
appear
different
that
in
sorption
ab-
antiseptic.
called
was
asparagus
all
R.)
AcTTrXjJl'tOV,
Asplenium, Spleemvort,
substance
which
'
"
of
down
stones
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
consists
breaks
It therefore
place in
very
recent
the
or
The
INIateria
period.
has
Ceterach,
subtile
and
Dioscorides
from
propertiesof
particles,but
dissolves
spleenwort,or
Medica
the
indurated
Asplenium
the
commends
is
hot.
spleens.
ceterach, held
earliest times
it in
not
down
diseases
to
of the
is recommended
CoMM,
'
[book
SIMPLES.
60
for
of
ardour
the
"
buboes, and
eyes,
the
atticus
Aster
from
copy
Avicenna
(ii,2, 357)
(Contin. 1.
ult.
It held
See
See
(De
Simpl.
in
particular
96)
Rhases
of Celsus.
works
in the
Dispensatorydown
modern
our
found
It is not
i,95-)
place in
Dioscorides,
Serapiou
treating of
in
Arabians
The
quinsies.
of
stomacli, inflammations
the
'
vii.
to
late date.
Quincy (116.)
AcrroayaAoc^
Liquorice,is a small shrub, having astringent
in no
desiccative
contemptible degree. It promotes
Astragalus,Tfild
roots,
wine
and
is
the
cicatrization
That
species have
Dioscorides.
mostly
duced
pro-
The
(iv,62.)
astringentboth
an
as
it in
find
vetch
the
Avorks
nally
exter-
do
Arabians
not
of
either
manifestlyborrows
author
Our
the
to
and
particular genus
AU
the authorities,both
it
cannot
Celsus.
or
is
the
determined.
modern, recommend
Hippocrates
with
drunk
astragalusbelongs
doubt, but
no
internally. We
and
It
bowels.
the
the
been
never
and
ancient
of
admit
can
when
of Arcadia.
Commentary.
tribe
ulcers, and
old
discharges of
stops the
in Pheeneum
CoMM.
of
from
to
appear
treat
of it.
'Acr^aXroCj
'
Bitumen
CoMMENTAKY.
CoMM.
desiccant
it is therefore
degree :
'""'^
it is
agglutinativeof
The
in
calefacient
and
asphaltus, or
fresh
the
second
wounds.
judaimm,
Bitumen
held
'
place in
down
to
the
Materia
very
Medica
from
period.
recent
the
days
It got the
of
Hippocrates
pitch,
of Jew's
name
having
principallyprocured from Judsea, where
it is found
Sea, or Lacus
floatingon the surface of the Dead
corides
have been
commentators
Asphaltites. Some
puzzled by Diosfrom
been
its
representing
purplish, but
this
colour, such
and
as
not
that
(" 177.)
1. ult.
i, 88)
to
of
See
;
of
colour
borne
in
scarlet
red
the
represent it
modern,
emmeuagogue.
it.
be
it is to
term
the
sea.
the
mind
but
All
finest
that
to
the
any
asphaltus
the
ancients
rich
as
plied
ap-
dark-blue
authorities,ancient
also Celsus
as
(v,6.)
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
Asphodelus, Kingspear
and
discutient
facient,desiccative,and
Co-AiMEXTARY.
and
crates
in
it
for
pharmic,
and
Our
199.)
Avicenna
26.)
273)
(ii,
sometimes
old
for
all
used
herbalists
Gerard
as
have
toothache,
Galen.
from
For
culinary herb.
It has
been
the
Rhases
and
characters
discarded
alexi-
an
Arabians,
I, p.
the
see
1. ult.
It
i,
was
Our
118.
medicine.
(ii,
cases,
Galen.
as
from
as
(Cont.
Vol.
See
who
recommends
other
many
Dioscorides
time
and
an
author
and
mentioned,
Serapion (c.221)
The
is Dioscorides, who
follows
copy
(i,70.)
some
for
externally as
decalvans.
porngo
we
author
They
diuretic, and
elaborately
cure
'
'
are
purposes
as
cures
'
treat
general
it most
the
It therefore
cale-
more
alopecia.
authorities^including Hippo- Comm.
of the Aspodelus ramosus,
or
Kingagreed in recommending it internally
being emmenagogue
applicationto alopeciaor
of
detergent
attenuate.
as
treats
burnt
of
possessed
Celsus,
and
spear,
is
its root
When
powers.
61
See
Pharmacopoeia
past.
A.TOaKrv\iQ,
Commentary.
treated
of
Sprcngel
on
regard
Fuchsius
thistle.
to
another
the
in
atractylisas a
referringit to the
Carlina
Dioscorides, however,
it ; most
in
of the
holding
See
it to
Gerard^s
old
be
are
greatly at
herbalists
the
Herbal
The
lanuta.
agree
Carduus
benedidus,
(ii,489.)
We
with
Belon
or
cannot
and
blessed
help
benedictus
remarking, however, that the virtues of the Carduus
means
as
given by Quincy (English Dispensatory,i,2) by no
with those assigned to the atractylis
by Dioscorides
; he
agree
holds it to be alexipharmical.(iii,
Oiu* author copiesfrom
97.)
Galen.
in
The
Arabians
particularAvicenna
supply no additional
2, 159.)
(ii,
information.
See
ATpo"^a^(CJ
Atriplcx, Orache,
moistens
in
the
second
degree
and
Comm.
'
with
tators
commen-
variance
with
have
cools
'
the
in
of the
Hortensis)as
"
as
article
an
from
Dioscorides
explained by
like terms
by
(Cont.
and
Paulus
the
of
it,adds
lentil,and
when
but
is
jaundice
and
It is
his
on
74.
It is still used
Our
author
it is
amplified and
Serapion (c.146)
what
quoting
of
more
and
Dioscorides
he
had
laxative.
like
astringent
powers
difficult to
digest than
strongly desiccative,with
more
of in
Ehases
authority that
own
possessed
eaten
copies
brieflytreated
powerfully emetic
is
{Atriplex
orach
of it is
account
after
Rhases,
Vetch,
the
whose
(ii,
2, 174)
A\dcenna
Wild
lentil
Continent.
of it prove
the
moderate
of
heating properties.
This is clearlya speciesof Vicia,but whether
Commentary.
mined.
deterbe
the bithynica,lutea,or hybrida cannot
satisfactorily
degree
'
Galen.
seed
Aphace,
'
(ii,145),
say
the
I, "
in Book
the
on
i,97.)
1. ult.
known
CoMM.
food
of
treated
herb
cuhnary
of
it is useful
whence
have
We
'
belly.-
vii.
liver.
Commentary.
CoMM.
the
opens
detergent powers,
of
obstructions
'
therefore
It
first.
sessed
'
[book
SIMPLES.
G2
of
It is treated
the
with
in
ancients
Arabian
is
indebted
it
to
to
appear
agree
The
astringent powers.
it.
overlooked
have
and
(ii,177)
Dioscorides
to
herbalists, who
older
om-
assigning
would
authorities
author
by
Our
Galen
(De
Simpl. v.)
A^jooi'irpov,
is
Aphronitrum
so
as
to
cure
only
pruritus.
not
to
possessed
those
cleanse
But
of discutient
parts which
drunk
when
detergent
and
are
foul,
for the
it is bad
powers,
but
also
stomach.
J'tVpOV,
A(j)^OQ
nitri;
Spuma
is
substance
it has
powers
like
attenuate, and
more
those
of
therefore
but
natron,
it is smooth
its
like
flom\
and
are
"
induced
The
modern
Dr.
As
Commentary.
CoMM.
Spuma
to
nitrum
chemists
nitri- o^ the
give it
of
Coray's account
the
call
in his
the
name
Nitrmn, Aphronitrum,
is of
high authority,we
translated.
language literally
own
ancients
by
ancients
of the
was
not
that
(nitre or
substance
nitrate
of
which
potass),
being
that
composition of
wliicb
and
And
soda.)
nitrum
called
is
acid
carbonic
or
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
called
and
ofi:'.^^
(Ad Xenoc.
it appears
and
et Galen,
that
the
of soda
were
and
externallyand
the
nitri.
spuma
of
Aquat.)
ex
nitrum
which
gives
easilyscraped
this account
From
"
of the
had
readih^ crumbled
Dioscorides
aphronitrum
rescence
superficialefflo-
softer and
the
native
more
bonate
car-
spongy
bright
into
down
lengthy
more
of
stony lumps
was
lumps
kinds
those
appearance
or
'
softer
the
litri,
harder
and
called
pieces aphronitrum,
and
of
carbonate
more
flourypart, which
de Al.
firmer
and
Comm.
'
combination
native
or
spongy
nitri
spuma
nitrum
native
harder
more
vegetable alkali,Ijut
(natron
the
tlie
and
being
alkali
an
aphrolitrum ; and
of the
acid
natron,
they
litrum,
or
nitric
63
florid
poAvder^
account
its medicinal
either Galen
or
our
author,
propertiesthan
and
disnot
only recommending it externallyas a stimulant
cutient applicationto various
and
diseases
the bites
cutaneous
of mad
antidote
to poisonous
dogs, but also internallyas an
mushrooms, buprestis,bull's blood, "c. (v, 129.) Serapion has
nitrum
and
a
aphronitrum, but it
very interesting chapter on
is in
great
For
(c.411.)
Litrum
under
place that
Afrum
found
made
measure
a
fui'ther
of
account
in this section.
the
aphronitrum
nitrum,
that
is to
from
up
AVe
would
a
say,
Dioscorides
the
may
appear
variety of
and
ancient
just
the
nitrum^
mention
nitrum
see
in this
been
have
to
Galen
merely
or
natron
in Africa.
'A^pctc,
Pyrum
of
the
silvestre,the
common
pear,
Jflld
but
Pear
its
intense.
more
hke
properties are
It therefore
those
tinates
agglu-
large wounds.
Commentary.
wild
pear.
(i,168.)
Dioscorides
He
recommends
Serapion
Absinthium,
and
mentions
it
Mesne
as
an
give it
that
antidote
the
same
it is
to
species of
mushrooms.
character.
it is
Comm.
'"""'
SIMPLES.
64
The
astringency.
[book
herb
the
liottei' than
mucli
of it is
juice
vii.
itself.
'
'
the
one
not
the
also describes
Dioscorides
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
Ai-temisia
clearlythe
being
marithna,
that
recommends
in
great many
diuretic
flatulence
in
nagogue
with
ophthalray ;
the
which
the
and
fever,
the
by
used
people
aforesaid
for the
which
were
it is less
the
same
authorities
of
in the
hold
and
that
is very
(H.
as
wine
of
and
Thrace,
of
absence
perties
prosays
southernwood.
as
Arabians
(Bibl.H.
it in
recommending
and
(ColHg. v, 42)
of
xxvii,28.) Galen
desiccative
The
pains
diseases
it
recommend
A.
336.)
All
the
See in particularAvicholagogue.
full in describingthe medicinal
perties
pro-
it is
of syrup,
N.
its
medicinal
many
it.
Casiri
intention.
wormwood,
form
Averrhoes
but
attenuant
2, 2), who
(ii,
cenna
to
calls it anthelminthic.
Apuleius
with
ascribed
intense
the
in the
purposes
fullythe
(iii,
23.) Pliny enumerates
cation
suffo-
dragon
sea
Propontis
about
emme-
mentions
He
lieving
re-
vinegar, and
with
cataplasm
cases.
being
as
feeling of
and
mouse
a
corides
Dios-
proving
the
removing
shrew
other
in many
made
they
bowels
suiting in dropsicalaffections
as
spleen, and
wormwood
that
of
removing toothache,
vapour
of
bites
the
beforehand,
taken
and
pessary,
rather
internally;
drunk
when
by mushrooms,
counteracting the poisonous
wine
the
hemlock,
or
but
{Artemisia abrotanum)
when
stomach
of the
potion
induced
when
surfeit
preventing
and
other
the
commentators.
externallyand
both
cases,
species,
and
namC;,
wormwood
true
other
two
in wine.
See
also
Rhases
infusion,in decoction,
of it that
it is
stomachic,
jaundice,quinsy,inflammation
the liver,spleen,and womb,
Arabian
authorities
commends
of the
and
it
in
as
appetite,useful
of the
whetter
eye
and
dropsy.
a
hardness
ear,
One
of
deobstruent,
the
same
class,we
need
scarcelyremark
that
of
Serapion's
and
in
substances
in the list of medicinal
jaundice. It occurs
The
latter recommends
both
by Hippocrates and Celsus.
and diuretic.
Although its use
as
being both stomachic
febrifugehas been superseded by a more
popular medicine
of
in
cases
used
it
as
it still holds
of
a
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
place in
the
contains
specieswhich
two
and
Absinthium
Artemisia
modern
Dispensatories.The
our
65
Greek
described
are
Artemisia
See
the
by
'
of
names
of contra
name
Comm.
'
"
latter is the
The
contra.
being an abbreviation
Lindley (Veg. Kiugd. 705.)
its
santonicum,
Pharmacopoeia
vermes.
BaXaJ'OC ^IvovpiKT],
Nut
iinguentaria.
Glans
gency
of
amount
lower
the
therefore
and
tions
of
belly.
the
incisive
when
drunk
when
the
viscera.
along
honeyed w^ater,
and
vomiting
astrinthe
to
loosens
oxycrate it is of
with
It
fleshy
with
in afifec-
detergent
vinegar. Its
proves
in with
use
is
bark
astringent.
very
There
Commentary.
ben
nut, the
ben
See
Myrobalanum,
lead
the
be
can
derived
being
the
from
is the
this
dispute that
no
The
Arabians.
Comm.
'
it is
Yahl.
moringa
called
term
which
from
tree
reader
but
with
the
occasion
shall have
we
of
coincidence
the
identify it
to
Arabians, of which
it were,
as
powers
occasions
rubbed
when
and^
with
taken
But
of
skin
its inner
weight_,it
drachm
for obstructions
and
detergent
parts have
Ben
myrobalans of the
to give some
account
of
interesting account
another
not
must
name
best
the
w^orst.
it has
quality,and
oil in
the
it,
N.
(H.
xii,47.)
got the
often
name
Being principallyused in unguents,
writes fullyof its medicinal
of glans uuguentaria. Dioscorides
it in
an
particular inwardly, as
properties,recommending
and
emetic
applicationto
purgative, and externally,as an
various cutaneous
diseases,such as psora and leprosy (iv,157.)
places as an ingredient in
of the
emollient
especiallyfor indurations
ointments, more
and
Avicenna
spleen (iv,9; v, 18, 4.) The Arabians, especially
Serapion, treat of it at great length,but in nearly the same
Celsus
terms
as
Dioscorides
excluded
been
it in
recommends
in modern
from
times
and
our
and
See
Hill
111.
purge,
but
in
(Mat. Med.
late
Dispensatories;but
the
confirm
the
Of
Galen.
Dioscorides, that is
from
several
to
say, that
latter
4, 94)
characters
it acts
our
of
it
given above
as
and
p.
has
ties
authori-
older
both
capacity slowly
ben
nut
years
an
with
52.)
5
emetic
pain.
'
'
is
Baccliaris, Spikenard,
used
for
astringent
Commentary.
being
some
English
and
names
repeats
that
the
It does
characters
Our
Dioscorides,
who
being
to
author
of
ties.
authori-
ancient
the
and
Celsus
his
draws
recommends
of
in those
nor
it
of
characters
other
it, among
ointment.
Lydian
the
fi'ora
as
purposes,
promoting parturition(iii,
44.)
and
emmenagogue
herb
Avorks
in the
occur
Arabians.
on
appliedboth
is
given by
Dispensatories.
expelled from our
the Glossa Hippocratica,mentions
since
long
it
of
Commentary
name
not
disputed article,tbe
mucb
of its
think, is in favour
authority,as we
Gerard
Old
gives it the
species of Conyza.
of ploughman's spikenard and
cinnamon-root,
been
in his
Galen,
this
of
the
It has
being
in fluxes.
Regarding
predominance
is
boiled
its leaves
Bnt
VII.
cinnamon,
when
its root
and
emmenagogue.
beneficial
are
like
fragrant herbj
acrid;
It is
garlands.
and
deobstruent, diui'etic,
CoMM.
[book
SIMPLES.
66
BaAavoTtOJ',
Balaustium,
of
the Flower
also
astringent,haAing
heals
CoMM.
Commentary.
is
ancient
an
on
tseuia.
and
general
other
use
Arabians
give
balaustine
from
to
the
stop vomiting.
wanting
confirm
efiicacy of
dysentery, and
of the
double
Galen
that
it
writes
it is
internally
similar
from
of the
Wild
the
by
he
meant
elaborately
very
example
stating
of
that
it
externallyin intertrigo
of haemoptysis,
cases
stomach
it,and
or
further
appetite,and
intoxication,and
See
It
principallyas
which
good
the
of
account
whetter
in
used
much
ascaris,by
and
(ii,
2, 109.)
to
medicine
this intention
ill eff'ects of
Avicenna
the
as
Flower
with
it is powerfully
powers.
recommends
all defluxions
in
cold
astringent quality,and
an
ulcers,
dysentery, and
The
of
the
broad
(See ii,147.)
article,contending
this
in
kill the
to
plant possessed
was
Dioscorides
physicians.
anthelminthic
the
astringent
an
and
desiccant
Balaustine, or
Pomegranate,
Pomegranate
stops defluxions.
and
superficialsores,
IVild
the
medicine
womb.
mend
recom-
restorative
calculated
j)articularSerapion (129),and
Although modern
authority is not
what
balaustine
in
the
ancients
as
menorrhagia,
stated
astringent
an
it
have
has
been
in
excluded
regarding
diarrhoea,
of
late
68
CoMM.
SIMPLES.
Oribasius,
neither
is it found
[book
in
Celsus.
Avicenna
vii.
Ebn
and
"
"
Baithar
they
believe
we
from
copy
the
are
only
Dioscorides
Arabians
(ii,2, 553,
who
and
it, and
notice
i, 166.)
^aroc,
Riibus, the Bramble;
and
and
desiccantj
defluxions.
in
calciiK.
It is therefore
is
edible
desiccant, more
addition
and
hotter,
but
the
especiallyif
its
to
has
is
dried.
In
down
is
renal
astringency.
and
sour
like
stops
astringency,
moderate
unripe
and
breaks
It therefore
degree.
rijiefruit
Its
moderately astringent
agglutinates wounds
in
root,
small
no
is
shrubby part
therefore
The
attenuate
its
powerfully
also
manner
the
flower.
CoMM.
CoMMEXTARY.
Dioscorides
the
cosus,
B.
The
is
probably
other
is the
'\oaioq of
be
to
the
cannot
Fragaria
writer, but
the
abridges Galen,
of the
and
desiccative
dysentery, fluxes
as
fluor
it
aphthae
hence
of the
he
as
an
when
of
antidote
chewed,
children,
brieflyalluded
The
Arabians,
Serapion (De
held
their
be
as
to
to
ancient
many
in
from
usual, copy
and
sting
which
fiiiit of
from
Om'
it to
indulges
looseness
the
and
its
author
powers
moderately astringent
of
the
of the
the
externally,for
Celsus
Sinipl. 124)
place
the
was
defining the
pronounces
strengthen
to
and
by
Greek
any
be
in
useful
the
other
the
and
diseases
and
in
Prester
serpent
cure
of
cure
more
tion
decoc-
bowels,
gums
in
in calculus
still
virtues,recommending
in
astringent
an
as
its
to
others
exposition of
albus,
its leaves
and
out
and
Eustathius,
to
great pains in
makes
The
of
(iaruiSsg,
xiii,121.)
lithi'ontriptic.Dioscorides
lengthened
of
is at
he
Iliad,
fruti-
suppositionwe
by
author,
by
bush.
(]Met. i, 104)
f.Lopov
our
(Ad
this
Ovid
called, according
so
who
which
batos,
bv
made
Rubus
Ruellius
noticed
The
62.)
xxv,
mulberries.
to
by
the
with
not
are
described
raspberry
supposed by
was
occasionally
resemblance
Idcexis,or
mentioned
N.
bramble
one
Straivberry, but
first
bramble, being
of
well-known
Strawberries
are
is
species
Rubus
or
by Pliny (H.
mention
that
Dioscorides
agree.
then
first
the
herpes,
36.)
(iii,
It
A^-icenna
chai"acters
and
(ii,2, 572.)
in
our
Galen.
See
The
rubi
Dispensatories
down
the
SIMPLES.
iii.J
SECT.
to
late date.
rubi
still
are
See
which
and
also
pain
the
of
Croivsfoot,consists
of acrid
but
and
when
skin.
caustic, so
dried
Commentary.
is
root
Sec
purposes.
'
four
varieties, all
desiccant
it proves
of
powers,
ulceration
with
of
only detergent
sternutatory.
According
Comm.
'
occasion
to
as
moderately used,
The
of
89.)
p.
are
several
yet
for medicinal
shops
Ranunculus,
Even
in the
kept
69
Sprengel, the
to
first
species is
Com.m.
'
the
Ratiunctdus
Asiaticus
third,
the
Galen
recommends
R.
and
it
as
second,
him.
stigmata,
chilblains,and
Arabians
of
treat
Greeks, copying
and
Galen.
343.)
Neither
from
of
for the
tumours,
them
R.
-as
author
our
similar
account
of
leprous
fomentation
to
toothache.
the
The
terms
same
characters
(ii,2, 368),
aquatilis.
removal
remove
in
medicinal
from
and
the
as
Dioscorides
Ebn
Baithar
gives anj-thingoriginal of
authority. The
ranunculi,
Arabian
any
other
Avicenna
See
them
ranunculi
their
the
'
'
the
lanuginosus;
gives a
applicationto
the
R.
fourth,
Dioscorides
and
an
as
tlie
the
powerful escharotic,and
ranunculi, recommending
nails,psora,
nor
the
miiHcatus
(ii,
his
own,
we
need
been
discarded
scarcely mention, have now
by the regular
still kept in the
are
practitioner;but yet several of them
vesicants.
shops, and have the reputation of being excellent
old
Gray (Suppl. to Pharmacop. p. 122.) In like manner
Culpeper
safer
that
affirms
blister
than
the
crowsfoot
contain
not
effectual
an
(p. 59.)
cantharides
Pharraacoposia does
is
The
and
modern
much
Greek
it.
Barpayoi,
Ranse,Frogs; they
bites
of
desiccant
with
liquidpitch.
them
the
green
Dioscorides, Galen,
in
species with
burnt,
when
the
which
frog.
into
cases
they
Wc
have
mentioned
must
have
stated
in
for the
soup
ashes
become
alopecia,along
cure
and
by
their
and
Commentary.
made
when
eaten
animals
venomous
very
mend
are
Scrapion
author.
oiu-
been
another
recom-
most
The
familiar
place
Com
that
is
the
"
M.
^
SIMPLES.
70
[book
vii.
if
CoMM.
Greeks
"-^^
food.
and
Romans
did
not
tlie
use
frog
article
an
as
of
(Vol. I, 166.)
BSfXXto)',
Bdellium
both
;
which
powers
especiallythe
and
tripticj
the
prove
emollient
recent.
The
Ind.
he
from
well
suflBciently
afterwards, it is
which
bdellium
is
that
Rumphius
the
that
most
the
]Matthiolus,who
Borassus
maintained
of
"
The
Bdellium
term
substances.
bdeUium
Med.
(Hindoos
Bdellium, and
p.
1634.)
in
ancients
the
flabelliformis,
it is procmed
that
kinds
of
bdellium
menstruation
still more
See
to
to
have
;
be
it for
in
diuretic,and
it.
Dunbar's
to
at
all events
supplied
little
called
what
or
no
their
recommends
apphcations.
it does
not
occur
As
in the
it
far
as
it.
He
as
works
of
promoting
emetic,
an
evidently
were
Grecian
information
have
masters
respecting
and
been
sents
repre-
dissolvent,
for
frequently as
we
both
acquainted
were
tumours,
additional
The
acquainted with
they
than
have
we
Lexicon.
Tlie Arabians
the bdellium
African
Africana." (Mat.
Royle
is
fumigations,and
(i,80.)
expectorant
with
further
calefacient,emollient, and
pessaries,and
false
or
See
described
has
dissolvinghard
fomiliar
in
well
gummy
from
Greek
been
of
obtained
further
see
two
the
is
the Heudolotia
Bdellium,
bdellium
recommends
have
from
to
bdellium,
kind
other
the
but
90.)
appear
is Indian
Commiphora.
The
the
applied
Scripture,which
?)
Appendix
would
the
of
is obtained
On
is
of these
One
{Balsamodendron
and
the
Amyris
with
certained
clearlyas-
Cliamwrops humilis.
or
the
these
tree
He
myrrh,
said
been
hitherto
yet
the
on
Virey, founded
it is got from
to be
some
species of Amyris, seems
probable. Dr. Pereira
gives the following account
opinion
resinous
Med.
actual
the
fact that
not
(Mat.
remarks
described
procured from
dwarf palm,
this article
"
it is
also that of
the
more
diuretic^ lithon-
Ainslie
Dr.
as
got has
although supported by
from
tumours,
is also
lamentable
botanists.
by
and
indurated
Arabian
Dioscorides,
i, 30), has
adds
of
possessed of
are
digestive.
Commentary.
CoMM.
Arabian
Scytliiauand
an
Ancenna
ingredient
able
Hippocrates.
to
cover,
dis-
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
71
Bfrrovtfcr;,
Bettonica, Bettony, is
those
of
in
situations,and
medicines.
There
but
others
situations,having
leaves
said
be
mentioned
with
leaves
dedication
Augustus,
to
betony
to
"
MMS."
is useful
for
of
says
in which
after
"
it,
cubitum
ultra
Cestrou
in
it
For
; for
pains
teeth, boiled
the
Comm.
'
'
work
in
prevent
of the
eyes
wine
as
head,
ceeds
pro-
the
psj^chotrophon,
tenuibus, thyrso
cases
as
an
external
he
plication
ap-
pains in
and
for
consumption
the
liver,spleen, and
the
to
of
amount
for calculus
antidote
in which
; for
fomentation
or
an
he
description of
of the
that
emperor
quercui similibus,
thyrsi spicato, modo
of tiie
in
foliis
some
eightcyathi of hydromel
intoxication
the
etiam
vocatur,
fractures
in old
with
commences
short
vinegar;
for
of
difficulty breathing ;
complaints of
kidneys ; as a purgative when
given to
of
in
Libellus
seen
informs
summitate
recommends
bites
vomiting, and
is
locis,radicibus
following are
he
giving
The
to
as
have
author
quadrangulo,
odoris, semine
drachms
action
forty-sevencomplaints,which
thymbrte.ee
the
its
to
There
We
The
frigidisreperiturin
siquidem
boni
cept
aforementioned, ex-
purposes
says,
in octavo.
enumerate,
He
tenui
cold
notes
herb.
cestrum;
'
some
scarcelyfour
the
called
ancient
very
nephritic
delights in
hydromel, occasions
Alston
attributed
INIusa,by
to
of
it
mostly
herb
name
addition
other
many
with
Dr.
(De Betonica)
the
is possessed
bowels.
the
Commentary.
Antonius
for
drunk
open
another
the
to
In
powers.
diuretic,it is useful
the
gives
like
grows
composition of
Romans
resemblance
no
its medicinal
when
particular,
the
It
taste.
psychrotrophon, because
it
name
the
branches
slender^ and
more
for the
is used
Dioscorides
which
bettonica, to
still
is among
slender
having
qualityto
scarcelyany
rocky
herb
pennyroj-al,but
the
of
for
poisons
four
dropsy;
and
the
Dioscorides
he
thinks
is the
B.
alapecurus.
But
for the
gene-
ral
CoMM.
'
[book
SIMPLES.
72
of this
literature
subject,we
'
it in tlie
'
on
held
Appendix
in
place
and
purulent
where
he
it,that
of
says
snakes
(v, 27, 10.) For
stings of venomous
Averrhoes
in particular Serapion (322), and
Our
betony, praiseit
of
and
herbalists
old
and
diuretic
as
ptysis
it in haemoit enters
for
vulnerary herb,
as
an
dysentery
Arabians,
the
and
see
(Coll.v, 42.)
who
authorities
modern
other
late
place,
only in one
application to the
it
useful
an
betony
very
antidotes
mentions
it is
The
to
chest, and
Myrepsus's
Celsus
affection.
ceeUac
of
discussion
our
recommend
Pliny
of the
affections
several
ingredient into
and
and
Dioscorides
Both
period.
down
Medica
Materia
the
to
Lexicon.
Greek
Dunbar^s
to
refer
must
VII.
of
treat
being possessed
as
faculties.
emmenagogue
BjJ^tOV,
Tussilago,
named
Coltsfoot,it is
proving useful
it is composed
its
from
fumigations; and
CoMM.
'
of
and
hot
'
*
it in
recommend
Galen
and
Dioscorides
so
orthopnoea in
coughs, and
for
it is
watery substance.
Tussilago Farfara,or Coltsfoot.Both
It is the
Commentary.
Bechicon
called
also
fumigations for
the
cure
(p. 67.)
BX/tov,
is
Blitum, Bute,
cold
CoMM.
second
in the
The
celebrated
Galen
114.)
medicinal
is humid
potherb,which
and
degree.
Commentary.
long
an
esculent
as
in
brief
very
herb.
medicinal
like
Dioscorides,
powers
Blitum,
Amaranthus
or
culinary and
and
bhte,
author,
our
For
terms.
has
(See
treat
the
been
vol.
of
i,
its
Arabians,
see
Rhases,
is
treated
ceased
to
blite is
says, the
of
occupy
by
our
a
more
herbalists
older
place in
laxative
our
than
;
but
the
has
Dispensatories.
mallow.
long
It
since
-SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
bitterness,and
cative
and
emetic
is
the
at
of
have
the
esculent
considers
onion_,but
In
addition
that
uncertainty
with
emetic
various
in
loose
when
drunk, it cures
treat
very
it
of
given
merely
the
the
Hyacin-
often
Galen.
See
of
plied
ap-
of its medicinal
when
its
decoction
produces vomiting
succeeding authorities,like
it. The
to
possessed
was
says
and
dominance
pre-
believe
we
are
bulbus
of
but
being
roots
deal
good
hulbus;
itself,and
by
the
and
is also
emetic
succinctlyof
Dioscorides
from
copy
and
Galen
(ii,200, 201.)
author,
bulbous
of the bladder
diseases
Comm.
preferringthe
matter, however,
name
eaten
that
comosmn.
account
of its
Dioscorides
manner.
properties,that
is
the
that
The
species
Muscari
the
There
favour
plants having
and
powers,
in
been
have
for
emetic
the
to
is desic-
Book
First
of
aSoc jSorcu'jjg
|3oX/3oc:
op.oi.aq
fact of the
The
comosus.
that
regard
authority is
of
be
add
to
KoXyriKw.(Idyll,xiv.)
Kpo/iifivw
to
mentioned
there
reasons
degree
detergent.
in the
it to the
refers
Sprengel
the
to
also
bulbus
thus
and
mentioned
We
certain
astringency,and
of
time
same
agglutinativeof wounds^
hotter in its properties.
Commentary.
Harduin
BoA/3oc,
is possessed of
esculent
the
Bulbus;
73
our
Borpyg,
and
call it Ambrosia,
Botrys, Goosefoot;
It is a plant sufficiently
Vort.
fragrant,and
some
wine
There
Commentary.
plant described
of
Oak
Jerusalem.
Chenopodium
Dioscorides
not
noticed
any
of
yet it held
time
of
no
seems
by
our
It
has
to
reason
drunk
old herbalists
now
got the
doubt
under
with
that
the
scientific
brieflyrecommended
120), and Pliny (N. H.
(iii,
in
It is
Botrys.
by
by
when
Mug-
orthopnoea.'
cures
is the
others
tliis Comm.
of
name
of
name
orthopnoea
It is
xx\'ii,
31.)
place in
our
English Dispensatory
as
late
Quincy.
Bovpwvtoi',
Bubonium,
has
been
described
under
Aster
Atticus.
as
the
SIMPLES.*
74
[book
vii.
Boi"yXw(T(TOl',
Biigloss,is humid
Buglossum,
Hence
Avheu
added
Commentary.
CoMM.
wines
to
The
hot
and
it is said
Borage^
in
temperament.
produce hilarity.
to
Anchusa
or
its
Bughssum,
long
Dioscorides
down
held
'
'
in
place
'
the
it had
Boerhaave^
Dioscorides
not
in the
IMedica.
From
reputation of being
the
(iv,126) ;
with
met
Materia
Avicenna
works
good
cordial.
See
"We
believe
it is
(ii,2, 375.)
either
of
to
Hippocrates
Celsus.
or
BoUl'EtO)',
Buuium
nagogue;
the
Pseudobunium
We
Commentary.
CoMM.
hot, diuretic,and
it is
in like
treated
this
of
emme-
manner.
article,which,
notwith-
'
"
'
standing
we
disagreement of
the
Earth-nut,
as
it to be
the
the
Bunium
in the
First
discharge,and
and
the
bladder
Bulbocastamwi,
Book.
in
of
modern
oui*
affections
and
Galen
(iv,122.)
account
same
in
useful
it
as
The
of
the
or
bunium
pseudorepresents
to
promote
the
the
neys,
spleen,kid-
other
authorities
author.
our
herbalists,
Dioscorides
tenuis.
PimpineUa
and
commentators
diuretic,calefacient,possessingpowers
lochial
place
be
to
culinary herb
be
may
give
believe
willing to
are
the
It
held
long
Dispensatories.
BouTrprjcrrjCj
is
Buprestis,Burncoiv,
and
be
'
*
tained
prepared
Whatever
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
therefore
may
respecting the
satisfied that
fullyof
it
it
as
the
was
resembling
doubts
poison
Meloe
in
others
in the
Cantharis,
the
Fifth
have
may
ancients,
vesicatoria.
the
the
like it.
Biiprestis of
of it is made
mention
insect
an
Book
We
"
we
enter-
well
are
have
31.
treated
Occasional
Hipprocratictreatises. (De
Mulieb.
i, et alibi.)
Butyrum, Butter,
discutient
of
in
buboes
Beckmann
of
digestiveand
applied to
and
children
it concocts
linctus
'
"
for
use
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
possessed
propertieswhen
especiallyof
more
is
parotis;
during
humours
Though
it
soft bodies
it is therefore
it attenuates
the
time
lodged
of
in the
the
the
gums,
dentition, and
chest.
certainlybe true,
that
(Historyof Inventions),
moderately
Greeks
as
and
stated
Bomans
by
SIMPLES.
76
and
Cor-iM.
He
is
from
from
taken
mostly
'
milk.
cow's
That
and
of
is
but
that
boils
parotis,bubo,
in
the
the
aff'ections of
of
drunk
and
in
copies
the
descriptionwhich
he
from
borrows
of
nothing
his
butter
in
(ii,2,
110.)
own.
the
exactly
also
of
it
both
Aetius
Galen.
2.)
Paulus,
as
when
from
Rhases
and
gives
also recommends
Dioscorides
as
as
like
mentions
(xv,
Avicenna
cases
bodies,
inflammatory
of butter
and
no
such
Dioscorides.
133.)
same
and
pneumonia,
Oribasius,
(1.ult.
hard
others
many
gives
name.
it has
inflammations,
He
linctus.
Dioscorides, Galen,
quotes
Galen.
form
Oribasius
children.
pleurisy and
in
expectorant
(ii,104.)
of very
and
mouth,
in
mouth
the
soft
fill up
its
that
means
it also in dentition
recommends
He
useful
discusses
and
rates
enume-
with
powers
he
body, by which
preternatural tumours
it concocts
nature.
small
got
in greatest
it derives
hence
with
powers
intermediate
discuss
to
and
is
and
is contained
of the
hardness
powers
of cows,
concoctiTC
it has
tient, and
milk
the
butter
it.
upon
merely
incarnate
vii.
being
butter
most
Celsus
which
that
states
dwell
not
stating that
articles
the
among
quantity in
shall
xsviiij35.)
N.
(H.
sores,
in
of milk
Pliny's account
Dioscorides^ we
original,hov.ever,
butter
81.)
(iij
cicatrizingulcers,
'
[book
Serapion literallytranslates
(De Simpl. 457.)
and
Galen,
Dioscorides
and
J^ov(j)6a\/iioi',
but
camomile,
has
Oxeye,
Buphthalmum,
much
discutient, so
larger
as
to
cure
flower
and
like
that
acrid.
more
indurations
It
when
the
of
is therefore
mixed
with
cerate.
'
'
The
CoMMEXTARY.
CoMM.
'
to
of
make
Helleborus
the
niger,
and
so
(Ad Dioscor.)
Valentino.
Our
old
herbalists
Buphthahnum,
some
forth.
some
much
puzzled what
contending for its being
were
species of ConsUigo,
See
It would
seem
author
boiTOws
Gerard
(Herbal)
likelythat
all that
was
(iii,
146.) Galen
chapter of Dioscorides
terms
as
respecting it in nearly the same
the Arabians, see
Avicenna
(ii,2, 97.) It
the
in the
Hippocratic collection.
some
and
Sprengel
it is the
worth
themum,
ChrysanAnthemis
copying
expresses
Dioscorides.
is
not
in
himself
For
mentioned
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
like
third
in the
possessed
It is
Dioscorides
cifolia.
The
He
recommends
spreading
to
bloody
abortion
the
ancient
works,
hold
well
are
it to
be
when
drunk
form
in
particular Avicenna
like
by
produces
Floridus
when
Its
the
(ii,2, 6);
Serapion
his
genuine),
and
rious
delete-
Arabians.
See
medicinal
by
manner
All
(but
generally reputed
"
tion
applica-
and
wine,
Comm.
tamaris-
it
says
in
Macer
medicine.
given
are
described
fumigation. (L,104.)
of
not
are
aware,
uterine
an
powers
in
He
if
powers
external
carbuncles.
ticles,
par-
Crj)ress.
savine
an
and
subtile
cypressifoUa and
authorities, including
we
of
the
principallyas
in the
applied externally,or
heating
discutient
like
Sabina
and
sores
and
water
it
is
consisting of
species
the
probably
are
and
subtilizing and
two
it
Cypress,
mortifications
applied to
Commentary.
the
degree
of
11
Ebn
(c. 255);
Baithar
and
powerful
With
regard
to
jts
excitant
obviously
and
ii'ritant
ancient
uterus."
authorities
had
the
the
on
Suudelin,
the
on
action
to
according
specific
of
emmenagogue
All
]\rateria
animal
the
it operates,"
"
shows
"
Pereira,
kidneys,
this
]Medica.'^
economy,
quoted by
as
on
whole
and
how
as
yet
more
correctly
the
of its powers.
judged
"
Boerravt/cj/,
Bretannica, Water-dock,
and
powers,
dock.
The
juice
were
versy
cures
It
would
place, to
proper
which
to
SprengeFs
say,
appearance
be
not
astringent and
resembles
mortifications
has
touch
upon
prevailed among
the
with
regard
in the
worth
this
to
elaborate
of
possessed
while,
glutinative
ag-
Wild-
the
mouth.
if this
even
Comm.
'
'
the
authorities
wish
in
of it
Commentary.
is
work
'De
Vera
'^Annotations
that, in
all
Herba
on
the
old
All
hunting's
and
Dioscorides'
the
nical
botawould
Whoever
Professor
consult
contro-
and
herbalists
plant.
probability,tlie plant
speciesof water-dock.
lengthened
(iv,2.)
in
authorities
Suffice
question
who
treat
was
it to
some
of it
give
SIMPLES.
78
it
CoMM.
'
'
mucli
the
character
same
as
[book
See
author.
our
vii.
particularly
It held
a
(ii,2, 102) ; Serapion (c. 222.)
place in
represents
English Dispensatory as late as Quincy, who
of the
Bretannica
be
to
the
{''the hydrolopathum, supposed
Avicenna
'
our
it
ancients")
the
as
specificfor
scurvy.
Boo^ioc,
Avena,
has
Oats,
desiccative^ and
has
also
well
It is not
Commentary.
CoMM.
it
astringencyj whence
of
without
discutient
moderately
some
those
resembling
powers
It is
barley.
It
pungency.
diarrhoeas.
cures
ascertained
this
whether
be
'
"
Avena
'
an
head
is
is not
The
Secale.
or
of bv
Celsus
the
nor
Dioscorides
author
Our
probably spurious.
treated
of
chapter
under
this
Galen.
abridges
It
Arabians.
4'
Bowov,
Bryum
and
sea-biyum
the
useful
is therefore
inflammations
found
oaks,
on
time
that
is
applied
which
as
and
astringent,
cataplasm
is called
poplars, and
white
cooling
to
splanchnon,
pitch-trees,is at
moderately emollient,
hot
being
the
same
especiallythat
more
cedars.
upon
It
Commentary.
CoMM.
when
kind
and
discutient
lichen
or
e\ddent
appears
that
it is
species
of
'
'
"
Lichen
Usnea,
or
is borroAved
closely
what
but
Arabian
the
from
principallyin
of
hip-bath
without
appearing
E-hases, however,
1. ult.
the
adds
is
quite
delivery
that,
Serapion
identifyit
Avicenna
i, 753.)
in
of
dose
recommends
Several
are
still to
be
of
found
of
it
10
with
of
the
foetus
either
drs.
it acts
the
shops,
See
of
of the
bryon
tringent
as-
form
713)
species
and
usnea
Greeks.
identity. (Contin.
dead
as
genera
and
an
the
(ii,2,
principallyas being
the
copies
as
in
womb,
their
usnea
author
it is emmenagogue,
speciesof
in
the
term
it
several
aware
says
the
Our
Avicenna
notice
to
The
recommends
affections
biiefly
(c. 247)
Serapion
authors.
fumigation.
or
clear.
not
Dioscorides
Galen.
from
speciesis
have
and
cures
proHe
alive.
or
deadly poison.
diuretic
lichen
the
Gray (Suppl.
and
and
menagogue.
emusnea
reputation of
to
the
Phar-
it
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
the
Bryonia, Bryony
Commentary.
See
White
79
is
Vine
a/.nre\oQ. Mesne
under
and
plilegmagoguOj deobstruent,
of tlie
epilepsy,vertigo,coldness
as
for
especiallyin
hard
to
form
of
figs and
plaster,with
wine
the
says, it proves
also commends
it
and
internally
externallyhe
as
has
by
animals.
venomous
the
In
word,
draught,
He
face.
scrofula.
of persons
cure
'
*
of
abortion.
of
in
'
the
removal
In
procures
praisesit
the
in
the
like.
in diseases
cosmetic
and
emmenagogue
spleen,in
for
medicine;
couglis,asthmas,
tion
applica-
the
of
Comm,
external
an
as
inflammations
aspostemes,
recommends
diuretic
nerves,
pleurisy,and
linctus,in
named.
so
who
Both
He
adds
have
been
author
ancient
no
tison
so
(p.445,
Poisons
on
First
edition.)
FoXo,
Lac, Milk
a
cheesy, a
serous,
and
greatest abundance
fiprmed.
Whey
it loosens
the
thick
part is
it is
way,
acrid
defluxions
other
an
and
fidlyin
subject in
from
of
the
The
sheep ;
the
this
Galen.
the
which
from
The
remedy
The
acrid
milk
of
which
the
We
have
place.
Book
treated
that
Our
whole
we
author's
the
is of
the
goat^s,and
of
milk
of
the
need
account
as
cantharides
or
as
all
lated
reguthat
then
of
cows.
enlarge
of it is
remedy
arsenic, have
milk
and
propertiesof
not
any
other
best
or
of
eye,
and
acrid
pebbles
contents
of
woman
cheesy
dysenteriesand
humours
and
First
for
is
hence
blunts
hot
by
in
it butter
account
either
bowels.
after
that
on
is boiled
authorities,recommend
substances, such
substances,
last is contained
milk, and
and
applicationsfor
Commentary.
so
cow^s
excellent
on
acrimonies.
ass
the
of three
milk
temperament
the
fatty part,
compact,
more
other
suitable
consists
milk
When
humours.
are
in
is
of
sort
every
been
on
milk
the
abridged
and
when
most
acrid
swallowed.
Comm.
80
SIMPLES.
Dioscorides
[book
VII.
of melanclioly,
whey is beneficial in cases
in all parts of
and
exanthemata
epilepsy^lepra,elephantiasis,
the body.
He
recommends
rations
milk
as
new
a
gargle in all ulce-
CoMM.
says
of
the
ulceration
and
either
it
is
itself
by
also
Avoman's
who
he
when
says,
and
stomach
di'unk
applicationto
of the
the
in
to
the
of
chondrus
A
breast, relieves
the
it suits the
of those
cure
useful
is otherwise
kinds
All
gout.
womb.
of the
from
phthisis;
and
of
decoction
sucked
with
sheep, cows,
pebbles, and injected
ulcerations
sea-hare, and
eyes,
milk
with
the
ptisan, or
bowels
the
on
says, the
boiled
adds,
of the
have
he
when
with
or
defluxions
He
injected,he
milk,
erosion
in
tenesmus.
stops them,
goats
or
and
mouth,
as
of
an
milk,
liver,
inapplicable in diseased
spleen, diseased
affections,fevers,and headaches,
vertigo,epilepsy,all nervous
"
adds,
unless
the
are
when
the
schiston
All
the
schiston
was
other
given to move
explained in
have
we
authorities,whether
of milk, follow
Serapion (De
Dioscorides
the
views,
Thus
he
various
it in
poisons, but condemns
Hippocrates prescribesmilk in
been
to have
very partialto the
fevers.
seems
recommends
the
bowels.
regard
milk,
to
it in
as
phthisis,and
schiston, prepared
with
in
See
particular
nearly the
entertained
same
Greek
authorities.
as
antidote
an
headaches
various
and
to
acute
instances, and
of it.
use
(" 88.)
in treating
Arabian,
or
Galen.
Celsus
What
bowels.
Fii'st Book
the
Greek
and
Simpl. 457.)
with
the
is
pebbles, in
He
mends
recom-
affections
of the
(Epidem. vii.)
FaXrj,
Mustella,
Wherefore
and
the
Weasel;
rubbed
when
rheumatism
when
burnt,
in
along with
prepared and
when
its ashes
vinegar it
dried
it
discutient.
are
relieves
gout
with
answers
epilepsies.
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
'
"
of
According
mustella,
but
neither
the
English, nor
of its medicinal
M.
the
Furo,
virtues
to
or
communis,
Ferret.
is taken
from
Our
is
called
author's
species
weasel
in
description
Dioscorides.
VaXiov,
GaUum,
its
name
Yellow
of
Galium
Ladies'
from
Bedstraw,
its
or
Cheese
Rennet
coagulating milk.
it derives
It resembles
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
The
Commentary.
subacrid.
The
flower
of it
burns.
and
hemorrhages
suits with
and
is desiccative
cleavers,and
the
81
Galium
name,
very
now
veriim,
gene-
Comm.
all
They
have
the
merely
Dioscorides
from
copy
able to
been
not
'
'
rallygiven to
find
it in
the
works
Gralen.
and
of
either
'
We
crates
Hippo-
Celsus.
or
Galiopsis(calledalso Gahobdolon),
smoother
fetid,and
and
applicationto
ulcers
acts
indurated
Our
Commentary.
nettle, but
the
discutient
emollient
and
It also agrees
tumours.
of
form
in the
as
is like
with
ing
spread-
cataplasm.
old
generallyheld
herbalists
the
gali-Comm.
(See Gerard
to be a species of Lamium.
opsis of Dioscorides
it be
that
whether
and
But
a
or
species of
Parkinson.)
be positively
determined.
figwort (theScrofularia"peregrind)cannot
Rutty
says
the
Lamium
maximum
of C.
Bauhin
has
the
marks
other
which
authorities
Dioscorides
have
noticed
it.
Fapoc,
Garum,
Brine
desiccative,and
to
of
is therefore
putrid ulcers,and
and
ischiatic
Commentary.
tinis
Pickled
is administered
as
application
tery
injectionin dysen-
external
an
as
and
an
diseases.
"
Garum
est
piscium cseterisque
quse
Rcndtorpi Notse ap. Fabricii
(Dcipnos. ii);
xxxi, 43) ; Athenaeus
XX, 46 ; Pliny (H. N.
Apicius (c. vii.) Coray defines it, the juice or brine of
"
III.
Comm.
SIMPLES.
82
fishes."
pickled
CoMM.
(Ad
[book
Xenocrat.
prepared
Sauce
Fragment.)
vii.
'
'
the
by macerating
'
Cselius
esteemed.
"
fishes
pickled
as
injection in
an
authorities
other
Aetius
See
on
of
those
and
and
by dogs^
the
All
character.
same
Celsus
Foes
CEconom.
of
sauce
(ii,34.)
it the
give
silurus.
the
the
sciatica
(ii,2, 486)
of
particularly
from
bitten
persons
of it
Hippocrates.
article in
this
dysenteiy
treat
that
was
recommends
to
Avicenna
'
tunny
praises
cataplasm
works
the
the
Dioscorides
that
(ii)
;
in
occurs
in
as
of
Aiu'elianus
ii, 1.)
Pass,
(Tard.
intestines
gives
dissertation
learned
Hippocrat.^
Tsi'TiaVTf,
Gentiana, Gentian
the root
cleansing, and
and
is
deobstruent
and
detergent
as
tilising
in sub-
efficacious
sufficiently
medicine.
CoMM.
Dioscorides
Commentary.
lutea
has
?)
in
heating
of
cases
and
pepper
affections
rium
rue
that
and
other
that
it
bitten
that
it procures
it is
bitter.
recommends
it
hepatic
when
herb, and
^iilnerarv
affections,
and
animals, with
venomous
in
abortion
its attenuant
owes
by
it is useful
that
the
gentian [Gentiana
medy
astringent faculty; that it is a re-
persons
cutaneous
intensely
and
that
states
in
applied
is used
(iii,
3.)
stomachic
and
for
manv
justly remarks
to its being
powers
deobstruent
Dioscorides,
of
it
Avicenna
times.
its
very
enumerating
namely,
gives
abstergent, attenuant,
and
powers,
application to
parts stung by
Baithar
authorities
gives
on
this
very
head,
pocratic collection.
it is stated
This
Greece.
that
would
the
In
G.
seem
by
the
it
Greek
is found
the
Greek
modern
imply
cases
in modern
of
it,
authorities,
in
that
the
an
2, 281.)
(ii_,
from
interesting
(i,260.) It
to
in
particularlyas
animals.
venomous
grows
Celsus
See
account
extracts
lutea
sei-pents.
deobstruent, diui*etic,and
recommends
emmenagogue
Ebn
circumstantial
stated
as
ulcers
Galen
a
place in the Theriac.
always obtained
Serapion says it is the best of all remedies
(v,23.)
of hydrophobia, and
this character
it has obtained
Hence
colly-
in
Ai'abian
the
Hip-
Phai'macopoeia
Alps
it is not
of
a
land.
Switzernative
of
Cimolian
is
discutient
with
tbe
washed
oxycrate.
The
Terra
is rubbed
upon
is
The
the
present, with
be
fever
similar
"
"
'
of
'
them
would
we
Theophrastus
Of
corides.'
the
fullest
Rhases,
Stones,' and
on
and
of
slippery clay,
of
iron, "c.
into
earth, made
guarantee
The
pure
kind
and
Samian
red
The
Lemnium
have
resembling:
the
the Lemnian
chalks
or
compact
kind
eai'th. Pliny
The
most
fat,viscid,
of
ruddle
is
silex,aluthe
was
with
nian
Lem-
seal, as
white
chalk.
have
to
been
pipeclay.
been
The
Chian, Selenusian,
less
or
of ochre
ranks
the
Lemnian
stamped
"
Sigillum
was
was
give
information.
it is
Dios-
Galen
bole, consisting
and
on
on
in
them
The
its
called aster
ruddle
Annotations
additional
colour."
cakes
supposes
to
and
earth
Kidd
argil;
Sinopic
among
of
of
earth, that
Armenian
red
the
of
pale
'
account
Dunbar's
little
Lemnian
fuller
Sprengel's 'Notes
The
supply
the
Hiirs
Serapion, treat
but
ample manner,
Geoffrey says
for
Appendix
the
to
to
them.
of
account
to
of
explanation
brief
of
cerate.
writers, Dioscorides
ancient
the
Avicenna,
(jUiXroc)was
mine, oxyd
refer
to
Lexicon,'
Greek
and
English
beg
give
tic
sep-
flesh
fungous
with
ancients, and
of the
earths
medicinal
the
mixed
now
and
is discutient
the
if
or,
possessed of
is
Alanabolus
restrains
shall
wine,
diluted
thin
Ochre
when
ones
We
Commentary.
CoMM.
Bole, is
also
excellentlywith
agrees
The
water.
fills hollow
ulcers, and
with
it therefore
its powers;
in
called
Armenian.
the
to
powers
Armenian,
the
It is drunk
afl'ections.
the
but
sumption,
belly,spitting of blood, conlential
pestiulcers, and
humidity, humid
from
dyspnoea
when
resembling
powers
therefore
of
fluxes
dysentericcases,
pungency
has
Pnigitis
The
out
with-
detergent,
air and
without
it is desiccant
preferable.
cineritious is
out
with-
not
decidedly astringent,but
is
Eretrian
The
pungency.
and washed
burnt
breed
which
worms
earth
of
discutient, but
and
is full of
Cretan
the
destroy
to
burns
cures
kind
the
Ainpelitis(it is
vines
The
pungency.
cooling, and
more
vii.
being refrigerantand
powers,
powerfullydesiccant
is
them)
in
mixed
possessedof
but
which
'"
[book
SIMPLES.
84
the
or
pure.
The
marl, nearly
Cimolian
and
Kidd
earth
sup-
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
it
pose
steatitis
our
was
the
argil.
au
Melian
alum,
and
would
formed
Armenian
bole
described
to
as
It
Hill
Dr.
the
found
Geber
it
earth
been
red
That
toothache.
the
of
of
the
ancient
is
of
much
celebrated
and
It
Serapion.
is
clear, as
bole which
Arabians.
Dr.
absorbent.
The
coloui'.
magnesia.
of
Serpent,
is
decidedly
powers
and
Galen
Commentary,
the
with
asp,
the
in, sharpens
from
snow-white
The
appearance
the
by
argil, of
Slough
boiled
when
the
astringent and
impure
an
was
The
East.
first used
excellent
an
coal.
yellovjArmenian
the
was
being
Serpentis,
Senecta
desiccative
it
that
'
earth,
different
Galen.
practice by
into
'
"
cannel
was
Comm.
of
account
bituminous
It
ancients
Theophrastus.
Galen, Aetius,
See
plague.
the
of
principally
of
was
the
lime.
frequent mention
makes
rubbed
Melia
very
for the
remarks,
Eretrian
Terra
from
triturable,like
veiy
used
Galen
Hill
introduced
was
consisted
remarks,
brought
now
be
remedy
have
have
to
seem
^Nlatthiolus
earth, as
stone, and
the
of
Dioscorides^s
stone-coal,probably resembling
from
Armenian
to
from
earth
From
it appears
different
was
Cimolian
purple
soap-rock.
or
earth,
Ampelites
The
Tlie
85
likewise
Serapion
recommend
Comm.
'
the
of
skin
boiled
when
it,only
he
the
recommends
ophthalmic remedy,
used
medicinally in
also
skin
cast
account
same
of the
viper
as
an
still
serpent's slough
(^Materia Medica,
Ainshe
See
East.
the
Abbas
Halv
is
The
(ii,19.)
the
See
'
^-inegar,as
or
gives nearly
wine
in
toothache.
and
earache
for
remedv
snake,
ii,291.)
Ft/c tvTepa,
terreni. Earthworms,
Vermes
to
wounded
the
immediately
have
nerves,
and
pounded
when
most
applied
Avonderful
effects.
Dioscorides
Commentary.
and
applied, agglutinate
boiled
that, when
of
boiled
the
ears
in oil and
with
the
says
divided
grease
earthworms,
that
and
nerves,
of
goose,
pounded
stop tertians;
they
cure
when
tions
affecwhen
relieve
Comm.
86
CoMM.
'
SIMPLES.
and
tootliache
pounded
and
that
'
'
drunk
in
diuretic
being
as
when
burning
Aetius
drunk
in
wine,
(ii,2, 198.)
described
and
only
not
little
them
diuretic
of
earthworms,
this head
than
and
lithontriptic.
earthworms,
or
and
'
pounded
also
for their
in
authorities,
when
but
terrestres,
commended
much
very
physicians,
ancient
them,
being
as
worms
earth-
applied externally
under
more
when
Lumbrici
The
certain
VII.
mentions
He
virtues
recommends
Avicenna
Paulus.
and
do
descriptions of
the
copy
of
report
medicinal
the
on
Arabians
The
(ii,168.)
or
fullest
is the
the
to
in must.
drunk
given internallyand
boiling. Of all the
been
have
earthworms
[book
medicinal
Lewis's
are
virtues
'
Materia
Tiyapra,
desiccative
mentions
Galen
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
Grape-stones
the
vinegar
recommends
torsion
the
also
See
(ii,2, 723.)
in
of
contusion
for
oil
Avicenna
bowels.
with
stones
second
all defluxions.
with
agree
in the
of
limbs
Ehases
the
the
nerves,
and
as
all defluxions
ashes
and
of grape-
along
of
softening^
(1.ult. Cont.
and
sour
the
with
joints,
i, 745.)
Tiyy'iSiov,
Gingidium, Toothpick Fennel,
heat,
but
is desiccative
in the
is
manifest
possessed of no
degree, and astringent. It
third
is,therefore, stomachic.
Dioscoiidcs
CoiMMENTARY.
CoMM.
"
of the
says
Daucus
gingidium,
'
*
that
it is
in
decoction
Galen
defines
with
its virtues
slightlyheating
Few
if any
wine,
powers.
of the
that
as
it is diuretic
be
to
The
Arabians
medicine,
and
treat
noticed
when
taken
lithontriptic
(ii,166.)
considerable
others
have
astringency with
of
it in like
terms.
it.
VXavKiov,
Glaucium,
Horned
Poppy,
is rather
disagreeablyastringent.
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
but
is not
used
species
in
the
of
Our
Dioscorides
It
of
the
far
the
we
as
in the
Glaux,
also
it
in those
Milhvort
the
have
used
it in
described
in modern
of
It appears
Rhascs
does
not
and
Comm.
'
'
*
he
"
follows
only in
erysipelas. See
it,not
and
occur
It has
been
herb
is
hot
humid
in
the
and
formation
works
o^
scarcely
gives
which
it has
the
same
it.
We
light
concluded
are
not
our
Comm.
circumstantial
very
been
as
ment,
tempera-
of milk.
mention
them
recommend
Dioscorides
descriptionof it,from
was
treated
practiceof medicine.
modern
Commentary.
Glaux
the
Galen,
of Celsus.
have
ancients.
in boils
(ii,2, 470)
discover,
can
the
from
Arabians
but
Hippocratists,nor
known
the
borrows
eyes,
particularlyAvicenna
As
erysipelaswhen
its
used
The
we
by
was
was
author
Book
used
it
(iii,
90.)
affections
Fifth
poppy
that
practice.
eyes.
the
In
Dioscorides
from
cures
severe.
Commentary.
different
it
that
decidedlyrefrigerant,so
attack
87
that
the
All
the
rities
autho-
author,
but
few
of its
aware
having
of
been
practice.
rXrj'^wi',
Pulegium, Pennyroyal,
strongly calefacient and attenuant.
It also
Hence, when
applied externally,it proves rubefacient.
lodged
promotes the expectorationof thick and viscid humours
is
in the
chest
and
lungs.
Commentary.
Dioscorides
the
commends
Mentha
Pulegium
Comm.
'
as
same
an
and
emmenagogue,
character
has
for
descended
forwarding
to
it down
deliver}'
; and
the
times.
See
to
recent
Gerard,
Even
Culpeper, Quincy, and Hill.
day it holds a place in our Dispensatories,but
reputation
treated
2,
461) ;
stat
magni
nominis
umbra
of it
the
at
with
The
present
diminished
Arabians
See
Avicenna
rally
gene-
(ii,
rXoiof,',
Sordes,
that
of
baths,
is
'
SIMPLES.
88
discutieiit.
CoMM.
Matthiolus
and
balneorum
was
of persons
who
were
this purpose,
with
either
generally used
is also
have
in
been
the
gymnasia.
and
Sordes
is treated
of likewise
that
mankind
should
old
the
by
have
Sordes
crude
same
it
easy
It also
only
in
quenches
the
trachea
but
also
It would
the
sacchai'ine
Bauhin, contains
more
considerable
(hoarseness)in
the form
ulcerations
the
the
agree
in
ancient
professional,down
221.)
The
of
bladder
find
singular
for such
more
an
able
agree-
humid
ment,
tempera-
it smooths
scabious
rities,
aspe-
bladder.
matter
than
as
late
glycyrrhizaoccurs
the
G.
it may
asperitiesof
Gly-
of the
from
so
Dioscorides
thirst
and
in this country,
date.
in the
See
be
the
of the
kidneys, and
popular opinion
the
latter,according to
linctus,for ardour
and
rather
in which
cases
liquoricequenches
to
been
empiricalstyle,enumerates
such
authorities,
statingthat
is still the
p.
glabra. The
the
judgment
advantage;
with
All
G.
of
in
to have
appear
C.
with
(v,15)
thirst.
The
manner.
fancy
to
was
neorum,
bal-
it.
Commentary.
CoMM.
Sordes
It appears
a
(phytra
pales-
list of emollients
retained
of the
Sordes
similar
it must
boils
the
as
and
walls
The
sores.
was
gynmasiorum
it for
in
up
beans, which
of
Arabians.
long
so
sweat, mixed
and
the
used
was
I, 68.) Of
statues
the
for
of the bath
by Dioscorides,
of
from
application,considering how
for
animal
The
in Celsus's
and
substitute
but
pretty much
occurs
bodies
process.
surfaces,and
gymnasio
ex
the
(See Book
recommends
accordingly it
scraped from
flower
collected
been
Sordes
the
or
of
the
apartment
an
nothing
the
Dioscorides
have
sweat
treated
mata), desquamated
must
of
manner
sweat
mata.
condylo-
say, that
it to
Laconicum.
natron
during
like
the
in the
consist
it would
Suffice
shampooed, in
namely,
and
fissures
vii.
See
SprengeL
nothing but
perhaps
"with
Commentary.
course
[book
trachea
stomach,
forth
(iii,
9.)
downwards
this
and
we
was
Rutty (Mat.
works
of
ministered
ad-
lieve
bethe
Med.
Hippocrates,
III.]
SECT.
Celsus,
and
racters,
we
SIMPLES.
"
As
they
space
with
Arabians.
the
need
not
occupy
89
all
give it
Ebn
used
speciesnow
cha-
same
them.
Baithar
the
G.
Comm,
'
from
extracts
the
See
"
(ii,66.)
is
glabra
the
in Greece.
TXvKvaic)],
Pentorobon
Glycyside,Pceony, (calledalso
bitter
somewhat
acrid,
is
root
and
with
almond,
an
wine
defluxions.
alvine
epilepsyof
both
be
to
the
as
an
Cm-at.
in
(London
1769),
says
highly
now
in
for
the
of
the
virtues
the
The
Poeouia,
is
officinalis
(De
Yiribus
(De
Dispensatory'
English
"the
peony,
good
hang about
difficult breeding
which
educated
many
and
galvanic rings
ground for laughing
amulets
to
and
at
still retained
of
the
persons
the
other
Ebn
Baithar
in the
Greek
their
garters, the
particularlyDioscorides
epilepsy
Laurentius
of
see
brated
cele-
of it to
and
faith
the
for
cure
Comm,
We
much
Macer
of
made
and
root
convulsions
been
as
Complete
'
Cor'allina.
Andreas
See
necklaces
Considering
repose
Galen
the
cures
species described
it has
times
40, 63),
his
esteem
necks
teeth."
size of
it restrains
periapt,it
two
that
modern
pp.
Quincy,
the
Book
amulet.
Herb.)
children's
discharge,
the
to
austere
and
officinalis
Pteonia
and
in ancient
Strumar.
women
be
as
makes
Third
in the
appended
Mir.
drunk,
wine
appended
Sprengel
mentioned
when
also
children.
Dioscorides
have
menstrual
liver when
if the
but
When
Commentary.
by
and
the
its
Pseonia) ;
desiccative, having
and
it excites
astringency. Hence
cleanses
the kidneys
some
and
lity
credu-
teries.
phylac-
147)
(iii,
(ii,240.)
copoeia
Pharma-
(p. 121.)
rvo^aXioi',
Gnaphalium, Cudweed,
have
been
white
arc
with
used
and
austere
and
botanical
the
place
of
combed
wool
moderately
wine
for dysentery.
There
authorities
cognate
genera.
has
of
It
been
late, with
seems
now
its soft
leaves
(gnaphalum.)
They
because
called
so
astringent,and
Commentary.
by
in
is
are,
therefore, di'imk
great shiftingof
regard
to
agreed
names
the
Gnaphalia
that
the
medi-
Comm.
'
SIMPLES.
90
CoMM,
'
*
cotton--weed
cinal
of
maritimus, Link.
Galen, who
and
Our
both
E-apum, Turnip
formation
to
the
root
borrows
The
be
seed
to
rouse
vii.
Otanthus
Dioscorides
character
and
of this
See
period.
recent
very
called
from
same
and
and
of semen,
Commentary.
CoMM.
author
down
shall
ancients
this it retained
the
the
[book
plant,
Quincy.
flatulent,promote
are
venery.
of
predominance
deter-
authority has
'
mined
as
the
All
after
us,
authorities,in
it to
be
thus
for
:
Est
sanat.^^
et
(H.
9.)
xx,
Arabians
(Mat.
varieties
account
of the
134th
to
Brassica
oleracea.
The
gardening
Beckmann
Simpl. 191.)
See
is
of
very
the
curious
have
ferred
re-
Dierbach
different
but
cult
diffi-
Loudon
674.)
of
some
expectoration.
Most
probably
or
root
some
it,when
honey, promotes
author
Avicenna
The
our
should
introduction
emmenagogue.
Either
potherbs.
as
Dioscorides, renders
authorities
(calledalso by
Commentary.
of
(De
give
author
our
matter
late
our
the
latter into
of Garden.
chapter
nip,
tur-
impositum
Oribasius
only
7'apa.
the
some
See
under
Serapion
of the
them
confused
and
popular remedy
and
from
give a
Hippocrat.)
Gordylium
CoMM.
Galen, Aetius,
or
applicationto
says
is still
rapum
of the
(Encyc.
turnip
middle
fervens
tiapiis and
gongylis
subject.
Peruioues
reign
sove-
by placing
likewise
Pliny
be
cataplasm,
excellent
an
treats
strange that
Med.
melted
gongylis, and
be
to
turnip.
downwards,
it to
in the
out
of the
brassica, and
us
holds
fomentation,
it forms
roasted
to
Dioscorides
scooped
is
for chilblains.
copies. Celsus
under
be
to
medica.
descriptionsof the
brief
in
(ii,134.)
vis
rapo
N.
Scotland
The
turnip is
chilblains,
ulcerated
in
chilblains
ashes, when
turnip in hot
"
from
this down
set
French
or
navew,
Dioscorides
rose-cerate, which
filled with
consideration, to
word,
aphrodisiacal.
remedy
prepared
of
Napo-brassica, the
Brassica
the
held
deal
good
in
taken
it
copyist of
is
his
linctus,with
species of
works
has
Seseli.
evidently
SIMPLES.
92
linctus
is rinsed
in
This
tree
the
was
torch-pine,
the
"
vinegar, is
washed
treat
from
this
Gerard
remedy
of
from
small
the
tedce
Dioscorides,
other
of
cular
parti-
English
boiled
in
teeth
be
if the
The
head
in
and
pieces
the
for
the
by
toothache,
under
torch
See
it
calls
(p.1361.)
general terms,
it in
into
small
which
out.
small
the
against
decoction."
the
with
into
cut
little
IMatthiolus, Harduin,
of
adds,
it is used
clearlymade
have
(p. 1537.)
Parkinson
name
Cembro
Pinus
herbalists
old
our
pine-tree.
VII.
breast.
properly signifiesa
term
The
from
the
discharges from
if
made
When
phlegm.
away
but
vinegar ;
here
taken
and
the
performing lustrations,but
sliptaken
were
the
they promote
Commentary.
used
with
is
honey
CoMM.
mouth
the
when
[book
authorities
Pinus.
AfijuatT/c"jra,
will be
Damascenes,
Damascena,
treated
of
with
Plums.
Aa/uacratoj'ioi',
Damasonium,
and
and
lithontriptic,
proves
There
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
canal
intestinal
of the
certain
-plantain, has
Water
occasions
of
be
doubt
no
called
now
Alisma
Plant
and
Cordus,
in
root
opium
with
in
adds,
softens
that
never
Dioscorides
The
powers.
copy
from
but
that
Greek
other
both.
he
See
had
tents
con-
the
found
it
authorities
Avicenna
plant
water
kinson,
Par-
recommends
its
red
by
drunk
frog, and
itself and
by
hysterical complaints.
belly,is
it in
Alisma
Gerarde,
see
the
and
emmenagogue,
Galen
applied, (iii,159.)
of
it is the
elegant
point
when
and
the
experience
any
the
hare,
sea
dysentery
binds
herb
the
swellings when
had
the
convulsions
in
that
Dioscorides
Sprengel.
and
and
this
On
ago.
poisoning by
tormina
carrot
He
he
of
cases
probably
therefore
and
Dioscorides,
powers,
the
the urine.
to
can
of
metastasis
'
"
detergent
states
mentioned
cases
that
by
possessed of lithontriptic
follow
The
him.
; Ebn
Arabians
Baithar
(ii,513.)
AaiJjcoc,
Daucus,
varieties.
Carrot
The
root
(called also
of
the
Staphylinus),
cultivated
carrot
consists
of
is flatulent
two
and
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
seed
aphrodisiacal; the
the
to
the
wild
leaves
and
parsley;
country by the
The
Parkinson, Avhose
of
It is
called
now
daucus,
probably
the
mic, and
of
the
proper
of
be
called
in
tained
ob-
ties.
authori-
Athamanta
indefatigableherbalist,old
our
the
"
all sorts
is
of
plants
acknowledged to
and
The
cervaria.
Athamanta
as
all
the
the
third,
cates,
authorityclearlyindi-
same
seseli.
also
as
ancient
It, however, is
not
It is likewise
against the
bites
is
of
creatures."
venomous
Baithar
Avicenna
authorities, Greek,
seed
"The
kidneys
after-birth.
of
those
to
Vict,
in
See
Celsus
(ii,
462)
Acut.) ;
also
(v,
under
Staphylinus.
its fruit
sub
its leaves
still
powerfully desiccant
are
more
The
so.
drunk
to
bark
amount
of three
s-broom
?), called
the
and
of its root,
and
lithontriptic
-astringent,proves
when
cures
oboli
fragrant wine.
Aaf^i'rj
TToa,
Laurus
herba
Alexandrina,
is
(Ruscus
'
Arabian.
and
those
Comm.
The
of
opinions
concurrent
to
botanical
our
it should
species of
by
by
compared
third
the
from
climate
certainlydetermined.
medicinal
virtues by our
disorders
that
the
ver}'
Roman,
of
described
second
practicalacquaintance with
coriander-leaved
ner
man-
long known
specieswhich was
Candy carrots, and which has
second/^ says
difi'erence.^^
23)
in like
so
are
of the
entitles his
was
leaves
settled
now
"
Cretensis.
away
of flatulent
Daucus
first
the
of late years
names
seems
the
name
of
the leaves
first is the
The
various
or
and
speciesof
three
fennel
of the
coriander.
It
the
Of
those
him
so
devoid
wholly
emmenagogue
76), the
(iii,
Dioscorides
be
is
stem.
Commentary.
this
wild
of the
and
diuretic
properties^is
93
and
Butcher'
somewhat
also
bitter; it therefore
The
urinary discliarges.
daphnoides
'
"
SIMPLES.
94
and
the
the
chamsedapline
possessed of
are
tlie
same
powers
vn.
but
latter is edible.
Commentary.
CoMM.
[book
describes
at considerable
{Laurus nobilis)
tree
heating
makes
the
Dioscorides
and
hence
leaves, he adds,
green
when
berries
he
says,
of
the
the
decoction
womb
of
stings
hence
prove
bees.
and
wasps
of it
bladder
and
sub-astringent, and
are
the
applied to
of the bay-
virtues
length, representingit to be
useful
emollient, and
the
He
commends
re-
he
useful
in
diuretic
kills
lithontriptic,
is
says,
and
foetus
The
Medica, although
The
concurrent
herbalists
has
settled
that
the
also
The
daphnoides
plants
of these
all
are
in
nearly
generally held
Pellis,Ski7i
that
when
applied to
them
wonderfully.
and
triturated
That
of
the
leather
cures
racemosus.
laurel
the
old
still warm,
scourged with
rods, cures
and
when
has
friction,if
not
in
ashes
degree.
;
hence
inflamed
an
of
cases
wonderful
desiccative
burnt
tubercles.
applied in
of the hair in
burnt
havc
Wc
off and
applied,disperseshard
growth
They
diuretic.
hippopotamus,
triturated
shoes
and
of
treat
author.
our
taken
been
of the
and
water
CoMMExNTARY.
CoMM.
'
skin
burns, intertrigo,and
also
the
dapline
chamse-
The
mountain
as
emmenagogue
have
sores
and
who
The
terms
same
sheep newly
viper, when
alopecia,promotes
The
of
the
be
to
those
with
of
the
was
i.e. the
Parkinson,
be
and
commentators
hypophyllum.
to
Pereira
Alexandrina
Laurus
generally held
place in
See
is
used.
the
it
Dioscorides.
still holds
authority of
proves
briefly calls
follow
seldom
Galen
Laurus
now
and
utero,
Arabians
The
(ii,2, 444i.)
(p. 800.)
in
(i,106.)
emmenagogue.
Materia
the
the
diseases,
hepatic
Avicenna
See
in
it
state
protuberances.
mentioned, in the
Fourth
Book,
'
that
'
the
fresh
skin
of
newly-killed sheep
had
application to parts which
by scourges. (See Vol. II, 46.) Dioscorides
excellent
authorities
recommend
the
ashes
of
old
been
and
esteemed
was
bruised
most
shoes
of the
in
the
an
or
cut
other
cases
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
mentioned
skin
of
by
goat
as
Avicenna
authors.
our
9.5
recommends
the
an
fresh
Comm.
(ii,2, 539.)
'
'
*
AlKTlllill'OV,
Dictamnum,
pennyroyal,
called
Dittany,
consists
resembles
it in
but
Pseudo
dictamnum
Commentary.
in
even
the
late years
of
name
is the
adds,
kills
a
wound
inflicted
animal
said
to
brief
be
by
Arabians
and
emmenagogue.
bastard
the
Dictamnus
has
has
fallen
into
ago,
however,
been
was
in
tonic
stimulant.
and
Dionvsias,
Diphrygcs,
Ainslie
is treated
Husk
he
poured
bite
of
would
powers
than
Celsus
represent it
to
(ii,2, 461)
and
with
the
into
it wdth
attenuant
also
it
mous
veno-
Galen
dismisses
more
he
touch
great medicinal
along
authors
used
in
repute
by
of Brass,
as
(v, 25.)
be
diuretic
Serapion
"c.
Med.
and
as
Pereira
regarding it,
but
very
of late years
years
many
nagogue,
being 'diuretic,emme-
See
the Arabians
(Mat.
of under
Not
the
pennyroyal.
Miller,
remarks
medicine,
disuse."
alexipharmic,anthelmintic,
It is still esteemed
the
alexi-
Such,
and
(iii,34.)
Parkinson,
great
(i,434.)
smell
be
to
it when
See
it
under
See
total
almost
it
it is
describe
much
formerly
was
the
plant, for
last of these
sec.) The
by
the
to
Avicenna
Fraxinella.
Dioscorides.
it.
cures
Dioscorides, and
They
by
or
was
acknowledged.
held
always
^omm.
celebrated
so
Dispensatories
our
instrument
this
See
and
juice of
it otherwise.
to
dittany
1652, ed.
(ii,
it
the
eff'ect that
follow
in
like
variety
vulnerary herb,
was
that
scepticalas
the
but
The
that
herb
iron
an
been
to
pennyroyal,
"
this
inherent
notice
in
It
Candy.
as
known
long
place
immediately
have
to
appear
been
reptiles;and
venomous
That
Creticus,
it is commended
of
power
particlesthan
respects.
xii,412)
has
of
such
as
other
Dictamnus
^n.
it held
dittany
and
pharmic,
the
That
poetry (Virg.
of
subtile
more
is weaker.
species of Origanum,
Until
of
Alston^s
and
Lectures
Persians
as
63.)
Androsseraum.
is
possessedof
mixed
powers.
SIMPLES.
96
somewhat
being
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
*
Dioscorides
scriptionof
been
has
years
three
and
Bronze,
varieties
Sprengel
degree, and
'
"
"
fissures
these
also it
speaks
it
as
charm
the
For
the
Baithar.
is desiccant
noticed
in the
long
as
See
its
reputation
Rutty (Mat.
use
as
for
in
Med.
amulet
an
of his
people
or
applicationto
an
celebrated
some
fidlonum,
in
Quincy
our
in
day
using
particularlySerapion (c.106)
see
is not
It
ancients.
it held
mentions
against agues."
Arabians,
and
period.
superstitionof
Germany.
the
Dipsacus
Dioscorides
was
of
detergent.
the
anus,
fui'ther
it.
many
Husk
in
of
this thorn
of
late
of
somewhat
the
to
Dioscorides
''
of
praised by
down
cases
medicines
de-
for
calls it the
Kupfermulm
treats
root
fistulse of
and
168.)
obsolete
The
teasel, is
manured
the
is also
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
it is called
root
circumstantial
very
Matthiolus
Rhases
It is therefore
substance, "which
says
the
Dipsacus, Teasel;
second
of this
vii.
ulcers.
gives a
sight of.
lost
acrid.
moderately
"
astringent and
[book
by Hippocrates
Ebn
Celsus.
nor
Aopu/ci'toi',
Shrub
Dorycnium,
with
the
in
hirger doses
"
"
'
mandragora,
small
In
the
Pifth
culty of
determining
what
it
between
the
the
says
doses
it is
sought
gives nearly
nidium.
into
fatal ;
proves
the
plant,
after
the
The
INIat.
for
it is
he
occasions
torpor, and
Arabians
have
L.
account
would
in
love
afl"i'm
weed),
Bindcorides
Dios-
taken
that
in
the
not
of
the
name
to
have
large
seed
potions, (iv,75.)
of it under
appear
when
diffi-
divided
are
At7'opa Belladonna.
some
the
(Angl. Shrubby
and
soporific,
adds,
stated
Authorities
smd
philtres,or
same
(c.335.)
temperament
is,immoderately cold.
we
was.
SodomcBum,
it that
of
Book
Dorycnium
Convolvulus
Solanum
that
quantity it
similar
fatal.
it proves
CoiMMENTARY.
CoMM.
'
and
poppy
taken
When
Trefoil {?),is of
of
Galen
Doryc-
admitted
Serapion is
of
it
difi'erent
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
97
^paKOVTlOV,
Dracontium,
or
the Wake-robiu
itjand
has
also
the
of
acrid
more
and
subtile
more
bles
resem-
bitter than
particles.
It
to
But
consists
is
some
in
taken
(Arum),
but
fruit of it is
Commentary.
stronger.
We
[Arum Dracunculus) as
treated
have
the
Dragon-herb
an
Dioscorides
I, p. 114.)
of
Comm.
place. (Vol.
circumstantial
a
gives so
descriptionof
its medicinal
find space for it. Suffice
propertiesthat we cannot
to say, he uses
it internallyin diseases of the chest, and as an
in various cutaneous
diseases,in collyria,
aphrodisiac,
externally,
in injections
into the ears, and
as
an
alexipharmic. (ii,195.)
Galen
embodies
of
the
substance
its virtues
gives an
sores
that
terms
can
form
of
to
room
bestow
its powers.
it.
relieve
the
and
more
Serapion
to
Oribasius, Mesne,
and
which
have
ascribes
account
than
we
it in the
flatulence.
Dioscorides.
be mentioned
Avicenna,
merely
attenuant.
and
Oribasius.
It remains
also
recommends
largely from
i, 257.)
Aetius
attention
hemorrhoids
1. ult.
cation
appli-
His
borrows
(De Simpl. 24.) Avicenna
Khases
(ii,2, 432.)
copies from
(Cont.
an
asp. Mesne
powers.
He
mending
recom-
Oribasius
it is calefacient
upon
suppositorvto
system,
own
externally.
scription
empirical de-
and
internally,
tumours
descriptionof
general
his
deobstruent
cancerous
elaborate
in
states
and
Dioscorides^s
agreeably to
it principally
as
to
of
besides
the
does
that
the
same.
Dioscorides,
speciesof
culus
dracun-
been
ApUOTTTfpiC,
Dryopteris,Oak-fern,is sweet,
root
has
111.
some
sourness.
acrid, and
It is septic,and
bitterish,and
hence
it is
its
depilator3^
7
SIMPLES.
98
'
Dryopteris and
Polypod'mm
the
'
and
this
See
Parkinson
the
to
the
ceased
hold
to
Quercus,
Oak
the
and
and
incipient inflammations.
bark
tepid powers,
of the
acorn
being
much
more
other
diseases
oak
'
with
Q. Bex, and
the
is
roots
the
After
the
all the
old
and
illustration
herbalists,and
Theophrastus, it
in
diflSculty
described
the
by
medicinal
the
authorities
Med.
of
be
must
the
three
and
species of
the
has
that
from
The
is still considerable
there
speciesof
borrows
author
the
that
Quercus
from
Dioscorides
on
various
the
(1389.)
received
Dioscorides, whom
quercus
occurs
still maintains
Robur
oak
of
his account
all the
in the
scarcelyadd
Eus-
(sschylus,or
Parkinson
commentators
Our
JEsculus,
speciesof oak.
Quercus
subject
determining
also follow.
fluor
Quercus
was
See
admitted
of the oak
fruit
Hippocratic writings.
the
recent
more
the
He
which
ancients.
powers
other
that
Q. Robur.
the
wounds
of
female
the
of
the
fleshypart
^"?yo(;of Homer
In fact, it was
the
it and
comprehend
rather
long
under
membrane
the
691.)
it has
possessed
are
Greece, the
in
grow
by Spugin
that
remarks
Iliad. V,
(Ad
the
states
Q. BaJlote.
generally meant
tathius
fruit
The
Dierbach
edible
it
herbahsts,
agglutinaterecent
to
as
so
'
'
older
oak-fern, but
Commentary.
CoMM.
refers
Dioscorides^ and
Our
and
siu-rounds
which
authorities.
Dispensatory.
our
desiccant
cure
nigrum,
Sprengel
from
the
its leaves
okler
(" 52.)
of
treat
place in
the
(ii,2, 219.)
same,
Gerard,
and
Parkinson
of
borrows
author
Our
does
Avicenna
Alston
(1042) and
former.
that
supported by
is
opinion
Asplenium Adiantum
the
vii.
it compreliends both
Accoi'dingto DierbacL^
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
[book
Mat.
need
We
a
place in
Dispensatory.
our
Ebenus,
Ebeny
of
subtile
consists
films
which
the
wood
particles.
obstruct
the
calefacient,detergent, and
is
Hence
pupil,and
it is believed
is
an
to
remove
ingredient for
other
ophthalmic remedies.
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
The
Latin
the
region
poet
Virgil, who
appUes
the
'
'
term
India
both
to
of
the
East, which
has
always
100
SIMPLES.
[book
of astringency ; the
as
degree of coldness
perfectlyripe is moderately liot,but tlie unripe
fruit
same
cold.
and
the
is
of
tear
is
ammoniac,
slender
for the
But
some
from
pains
of
possessed
and
cutient
detergent
and
and
small
of the
large part
skin.
wild
olive is at
oil.
an
other
derive
the
such
its
particularis
time
same
oil has
Castor
kinds,
carious
rather
much
as
pungency.
and
dis-
more
particlesat
and
pure
Oil
and
of subtile
being
hole.
this.
from
hotter
vision,
transparent,
a
quantity of it being sufficient to anoint
body, and from its being readily drunk in by
in
Such
the
it consist
from
of
just
is freer
much
so
has
unripe
It
powers.
does
tliat
tringent
as-
resembling
moderately hot,
washed
especiallyif
is ascertained
This
from
it is
olive
the
wlien
more
dimness
into
put
the
The
older
is it, more
first.
But
nature.
old, the
to the
the
olives is sweet
it
coldness.
astringency as
As
is
when
wild
moistening
teeth
the
that
say
fullyripe
of
of the
olive
Ethiopian
and
as
The
is
VII.
that
as
Sabine.
the
That
from
detergent, astringent,and
the
same
peculiarpropertiesfrom
as
powers
of sesame,
of
or
old
radish
substance
the
the
drying,
oil.
and
they
The
the
like,
formed
are
from.
Commentary.
CoMM.
of food
olive
in another
likened
several
it,mentioned
to
have
remarks,
probably
Arabian,
mention
calls it
succis
"
as
the
olive
wild,
it as
but
in
also recommends
psora,
and
other
follow
out
what
"EXotoi'.
in the
et
are
an
been
the
Elceagnus.
The
and
our
our
elemi,
gum
Abu
have
suitable
juice
of
the
diseases,
wi'itten
of
by
the
for
Latin,
is
and
ful
power-
leaves
kind
of
the
of powers
from
hence,
their
ophthalmic remedies;
green
olive in
(i, 136.)
the
that
Samonicus
The
same
kinson
Par-
as
but
I'Fadli calls it
the
and
author,
Some,
degree, and
more
account
wild
Hierobot.)
inferior
an
Ethiopian or
authorities,Greek,
says
cutaneous
For
The
article
an
as
astringent medicine.
Celsii
the
has
it
acerbis.^''
Dioscorides
olive
unknown.
now
the
sour,
oleaster
greater mildness,they
he
are
All
astringent. (Apud
cultivated
the
Dioscorides
supposed
mistake.
of
species of
by
ammoniac,
gum
treated
have
comprehended
of
tears
We
others
oils used
"We
on
by
pityriasis,
need
this
the
not
subject.
ancients
(i,29
The
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
Cicimim, i.
Oleum
that
it is
linseed
oil
states
that
by
purgative
often
may
recommends
the
oil
olives
of
the
on
for various
and
other
to
Mesne
is the
and
medicinal
described
by
We
give
shall
before
vessel
until
juice and
boil
oil of mandi'ake
the
by Myrepsus
down
527.)
oil
The
oil of
third
so
his
much
the
more
of
of
days
hair
grow,
be
prepared
boiling,and
earthen
thus
sesame
down
out, which
they j'ieldthe
This
Mesne
in
of
pains
the
of
they
frogs, which
arc
also
well
of
by
described
says,
he
the
us
by
little
strongly from
eruptions,
cutaneous
in similar
(p.200),
be
fried
Aetius
an
stirring with
with
heat
and
popular
soothing the
of ardent
fevers, also
of this Book.
(i) and
is
Moses
for
others, which
xx
by
terms
the
composition
nnich
many
in section
by
in
the
describes
recommends
burning
to
hardened
eggs
to
directs
largelyif compressed
more
properly treated
he
double
grow
is described
oil of eggs
arthritis,and
oil of
in
leadened,
Royal Pharmacopoeia
Scotland
to this day. Mesue
oil of
an
boiled
commends
Charras, in the
remedy
equal parts
time, and
been
has
that
or
ladle.
from
Add,
thirty yelks of
into pieces, are
about
His
flammation
extinguishing in-
and
broken
fryingpan
wooden
prescriptions.
for
know.
we
as
not
are
which
eggs,
tion
composi-
For
lay it aside.
complicated receiptis given
held its place in
copoeia
Pharmaour
(xvi,50), which
to
of
authorities,
far
as
mouth,
merely copies
of them
juice be evaporated.
again, do
of the
Some
time,
few
cutaneous
account
recommends
and
other
ancient
Serapion
of the
oils.
his
he
which
of the
the
of
specimen
of mandragora,
and
of the
Greeks
the
a
powers
oil
gentlepurgative
ulcers
of all the
But
oil
The
ears.
He, however,
complaints.
who
one
and
aphthae and
cure
states
Almond
Hindoos.
scabies
remove
Dioscorides, (i,136.)
from
oil
head,
the
'
*
astringent applicationto
an
as
it.
Comm.
'
Dioscorides
oil,being
common
complaints
of
castor
Aetius
of
it is the
complaints
says, resembles
of Sesame, he
authors.
instead
used
in
called
anthelminthic.
and
be
particularlycommends
he
ancient
the
mentioned
oil,is often
palma christi,now
oil of the
e.
101
Myrepsus
will Ijc
The
more
oils
(De Oleis.)
"
SIMPLES.
102
Oil.
Elseomeli, Honeyed
tlian
of
who
have
but
only
CoMM.
and
crude
trees
thicker
is
the
on
in
He
produces
charge
dis-
Those
alarmed,
be
not
the
to
bowels.
need
describes
gives
recommend
Rhases
it
adds,
He
pingue,
of
account
same
crassius
it
as
fat,
(H. N. xxv,
purgative,
nauseous
it is
taste, and
sweet
medicis."
it is
the
be
oil to
an
Syria.
hoc
exudation
natural
arboribus
ex
place that
Dioscorides
as
resin, of
dulci,et
sapore
in another
states
of
than
]\Ianat
'^
tenuius,
author, and
the
one
it
coasts
thinner
medicine
(xxiiij
56.)
and
describes
maritime
honey,
melle, resina
7.)
from
torpid; yet
Pliny
than
used
of water, it
matters
sweeter
drunk
; when
vii.
them.
rouse
Commentary.
from
hihous
it become
taken
trunk
hemina
and
oil thicker
Syria, an
certain
cyathiwith
of two
amount
from
flows
honey,
In
[book
as
our
Avicenna
ulcerated
should
singidarthat this natural substance
been
times, inasmuch
entirely lost sight of in modern
unless
we
adopt the conjecture of Alston, that it was
ourselves
admit
must
we
rant
ignoentii'ely
speciesof manna,
scabies.
have
that
some
It
appears
of it.
Elaterium
in
called,being
applied in
in
milk
of
term
564-.) By
Dioscorides
restricted
signifythe
to
cucumber.
wild
in the
in
he
upwards
attended
cases
directs
iris.
As
us
to
bitterness.
is
It
fcetus
When
When
nose.
so
motes
prowhen
rubbed
administered
of
phlegm,
and
all
fecula
downwards.
Hippocrates applied
Eustathius, Iliad, (xviii,
subsequent
of the
much
was
with
that
appear
piu'gatives.See
as
and
destroys
the
discharge downwards
would
we
dropsy,
states
cori'ectly
Dioscorides
both
It
of
cure
calefacients.
of
the
"^dld cucumber
blood.
all drastic
to
order
by
occasions
It
Commentary.
fruit of the
discharge,and
by its extreme
it evacuates
sometimes
the
the
second
pessary,
injection,it
an
and
CoMM.
the
menstrual
the
in with
juice of
; the
used
have
authorities, it
Momordica
by
the
stated
ancient
in
it evacuates
that
He
Elaterium,
the
purgative, he
it in
I'ecommends
oil,or
recommends
or
physicians
Third
Book.
bile and
of breathing.
difficulty
administer
is
vrith
it to
phlegm,
it particularly
As
the
be
an
emetic,
ointment
given
of
with
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
salt and
quantity of
the
double
103
mustard,
some
in the
form
of Comm.
"
pill,of
size of
the
it
give
Medica
that
oldest
is the
proves
fatal to
the
authorities
applied
Materia
the
on
Theophrastus
medicines, and
of all
'
*
that
states
when
foetus
characters.
same
durable
most
he
author,
our
other
the
the
nearly
it is the
states
Like
and
Galen
pessary.
tare.
and
it is emmenagogue,
in
that
the
if
that
best.
or
woman
(H.
aflFect her
it will
P.
by Hippocrates,
of
that
remarks,
It is said
ix, 14.)
pm*gatives have
elaterium,
in
the
his
mentary
com-
effect
same
in
of
cases
recommends
He
dropsy.
of diseases
clyster for the cure
speaks of a plaster of it for the
double
it with
be prepared from
of
of the
and
to
in
diuretic,and
it is
that
blood;
gout.
the
Mesne
with
elaterium
and
cucumber
He
form
sciatica,
directs
of
and
He
phlegm
and
kills the
child
of
wild
also writes
the
great precision,recommending
the
jaundice, and
in
applied as
clysteror
of the
a
beneficial
it is most
that
cataplasm
for
sciatica
in
plaster.He
wild
of the
roots
engorgement
when
spleen
when
and
as
errhine
in
of
it.
the
in
it
states
in
of the
applied to
an
; and
hy-
administered
speaks highly
cucumber
hemicrania,
pill
quantity of salt.
emmenagogue,
joints and
evacuations
it occasions
correctlythat
states
it also in the
efficacy
head,
the
in
same
treating of the
fi'om
Greek
powers
most
of
ample
(ii,276.)
EXarr?,
Abies,
the
black
the
Fir
poplar.
Commentary.
other
authorities
and
is calefacient
this tree
in
doubt
general
do
it is the
not
treat
the
of among
desiccativc,like
of
Pinus
resins.
Abies, li.
it,except
under
The
Comm.
'
'
the
'
It
resinse.
CoMM.
[book
SIMPLES.
104
does
otherwise
not
Dioscorides^ Galen,
in
occur
vii.
'
Avicenna.
SerapioBj or
Elatine,
Toadflax
the
tliis herb
moderately refrigerantand
CoMM.
Helxine,
is
and
astringent.
the
That
Commentary.
is like the
Fluellin
Speedwell
Female
or
'
{Linaria Elatine) is
known
Gerard, Eutty,
and
'^
eadem
It would
been
held
omitted
cervi
in the second
Our
agreed
well
tinaca
sativa.)
it
Salvia, Sage,
is
Commentary.
times.
The
calls the
maintained
sage
Medica
Dioscorides
it
The
153.)
esteem.
In
of
it
modern
See
follow
Quincy.
It
See
drying
commentators
be
are
alexipharmic,
authorities
Pastinaca
to
powers
other
the
treat
very
aphrodisiacal,and
modern
times.
See
and
earliest
ages
down
diuretic,emmenagogue,
other
it
period.
particles.
it to
in
Greek
its
Dioscorides.
times
satory
Dispen-
our
subastringent.
has held a place
[Salviaofficinalis)
vTilnerary.
author, speak more
moderately
treat
and
and
the
down
from
calls
and
who
of subtile
decidedly calefacient
The
Materia
heating
be
it had
Hill.
and
herbalists
it to
late
the
dysen-
that
place in
to
pronounces
same.
Avicenna
reputation
Quincy.
the
older
holding
the
this
in
in
of
consists
Dioscorides
does
Aetius
brieflyof it.
CoMM.
and
degree,
pretty
and
^~^
[Pai'snip?), is
Commentary.
'
down
Pabulum
CoMM.
character
its ancient
tery.
dysenof
usu
appear
for
says
sorbitionis
cocta
(H. N. xxvii,50.)
It
by the Arabians.
Parkinson,
"
semine
teria liberat.^''
with
'
line
cum
with
leaves
the
eyes, and
of the
long
Parkinson,
See
recommends
running
been
has
admitted.
Dioscorides
"c.
ancients
of the
generally
almost
and
elatine
the
was
praise.
one
is retained
our
mic,
alexiphar-
authorities,Hke
See
at
to
The
our
Arabians
the
held
modern
in much
Greek
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
105
RXeinov,
Inula, Elecampane
recrementitious
some
expectoration^and
jjromotes
parts it is appKed
acts
as
with
linctuses
rubefacient
with
it
the
to
to.
All the
Commentary.
it
desiccative
authorities
other
Comm.
'
Dioscorides
the
says
emmenagogue
the
much
[Inula Helenium)
in
that
is
root
characters
same
calefacient,and
linctus, with
author.
our
as
diuretic
proves
and
it is useful
honey,
in
minative
coughs, orthopncea, and the like ; and, further, that it is carin a cataleaves he recommends
plasm
and alexipharmic.The
in powder for haemopwith wine
for ischiatic disease,and
tysis,
character
of
it
mainly agrees with
(i,27, 28.) Galenas
that
of
Dioscorides,
that
say, he
is to
recommends
elecampane,
in
complaints,and externallyas a rubefacient
tion.
sciatica,hemicrania, and a dispositionof the jointsto dislocaThe
Arabians
give it all the characters ascribed to it by
in
internally,
the
chest
being diuretic,emmenagogue,
of
Greeks, namely,
carminative, alexipharmic,
fiu'ther,hold
and,
of
2, 235), and
(ii,
Avicenna
gives
the
us
clears
the
by
it
is
externally;
cordial.
and
Hunain's
from
'
:
Hippocratis)
Translation
"
it.''
have
mentioned,
Mul.
and
In
of
It
was
the
the
veins
more
is
helenium
the
of
Elecampane
sorrow,
urine,
from
See
the
menses
that
verbo
ex
and
anger
away
stomach,
Rhases
following extract
Hippocrates' (Hunain
drives
themselves
rant,
expecto-
rubefacient
and
Hippocratic herb.
known
also well
to
(Nat.
Celsus
(v, 11
satory
place in our DispenGreek
and
modern
also in the
Pharmacopoeia (p. 7Q".)
the Egyptian
The
other
as
by Dioscorides
species described
pharmic,
solelyas being alexielecampane, and Avhich he recommends
et
alibi.) The
is
Parkinson,
make
rose
out
held
by
however,
strong
(p. 655.)
opinion of
(p. 67.)
modern
elecampane
Old
those
The
Greek
its
still retains
case
for
Gerard,
the
on
the
who
commentators
Teucrium
Cistus
Marum
Pharmacopoeia.
Helkmthenium,
other
hand,
referred
it to
also
holds
or
adopts
the
rock
the
Marum.
place
in
the
'
*
SIMPLES.
106
[book
VII.
lliXsoaeXivov,
in wet
places,
palustre,Mcn'sh Parsley ; being formed
the
cultivated
the
as
same
properties
parsley,and is
Apium
it has
larger than
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
it.
'
treated
"
that
it
in
applied
and
mixed
it,being of
similar
with
'
hoofs
would
in
of
cases
retained
with
drying
and
in the
in
the
paronychia.
as
powers
pastic,hence
bones
the
are
Most
the
argenti,
for
molybdsena,
it is
with
mixed
of
of
elephanVs
the
other
authorities
it.
late
apyupoK,
of Silver, has
Dross
the
recommends
manner
from
tou
"A/cuff/uara
the
of
those
shavings
until
Dispensatory
Recrementum
hoof, when
its
detergent nature,
like
treated
have
to
not
appear
and
whitlow
Dioscorides
prepared
cataplasm
'
from
parings
medicines.
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
the
cataplasm, cure
of
teeth
Elephant
the
Elephas,
it
the
is
the
astringent
plasters
called
same
and
epis-
Fusca
and
Epulotic.
'
"
What
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
from
understood
extracting silver
hard, and
argenti
will be
are
the
following description of
from
of
the
also
ores
it
with
mixed
vitriolic
considerable
part of the
silver,or
Geoffroy, "c.
the
These
"
are
in
place,and
possessed of
carry
burn
(p. 272,
desiccative
says
of the
powers.
borrows
treating of this article,
(ii,2, 693.)
to
merely
the
effect
(c. 415.)
of
process
ores
it to
off with
scoria
are
tremely
ex-
Engl, ed.)
Scoria
Of
the
with
author
Greek
Aetius
in the
argenti that
they
Arabians, Avicenna,
word
every
them
along
Our
verbatim
from
Dioscorides, and the other
copies almost
authorities
supply nothing additional under this head.
shall see
in general terms, as we
of the scoria
treats
proper
readily
bituminovis, sulphureous,
substances, which
arsenical, or
themselves."
ScoricB
the
from
the
Greeks,
authority,Adamasti,
use
in cardiac
disease
SIMPLES.
108
confidence
CoMM.
in the
administered
of
says
it,
''
vixero, in
in
ellebori
alb. dr.
to
Baglivicalls
domitor
hellebore
incurabilium
hellebore,says
manner
as
former
be
to
phlegm
violent
medicine
great
is
with
and
black
of
of
the
as
the
the
also in
modern
That
it
the
it
as
medicine
He
in
be
may
of
said
and
have
to
that,
HeUehorus
the
cure
of
the
foetus ;
in
niger,
the
or
album
toothache,
it
and
diseases
quite
in
this
Dioscorides.
be
to
kept
of
recommends
the
melancholy.
species
ori-
which
was
mania
and
it
He
procures
it for the
external
an
as
been
(iv,149.)
vaginam,
per
he
of
the
and
scabies,alphos, hchen,
favorably of
more
gout,
many
hellebore
Veratrum
that, applied
kills
and
menstruation,
partial
only
not
Serapion, and
black
not
it,that it
the
of
cases
of
Mesne,
the
it
of
exception
administered
in Anticyra, in cases
commonly
melancholy, is clearly proved from Dioscorides
states
of
says
would
medicinale
the
bodies, in
men^s
such
like
in
purge,
Hippocrates and
Pharmacopoeia it is directed
further
plui'iumque
white, he adds, is
the
land
recommend
either
The
medicine,
of
Greek
was
used
black.
eau
circumstances.
to
Platearius, treating of
now
bile.
per
preparation,
remediorum,
great caution.
authorities
this
veratrum
practice
country, but
Of
Hercules
past, with
years
use
in
the
in maceratione,
\], stent
oz.
now
the
than
many
internal
In
his
stronger than
given
administration
lost
Ego,
ancients
the
scammony
purges
morborum."
that
times, were
require
.
the
"
He
acuit
given according
were
himself, and
facit, et
following is
scr.
vii.
success.
hilariorem
et
multa
cretici
took
great
mensem,
from
aliis
historia
ij,vini
he
patients with
roborat^
et
me
The
Hell.
his
et
recreat
mirentur."
hellebore, which
freelyto
ingenium^ quod
si
white
[book
of
the
Galen
ears.
recommends
class of complaints.
species equally in nearly the same
tains
mainNotwithstanding the high authority of Pereira, who
both
the
that
the
niger,
and
or
contrary,
black
hellebore
Christmas
Parkinson
do
we
rose.
(p. 211.)
not
of
see
the
the
ancients
See
Gerard
Without
least
doubt
was
to
reason
our
Helleborus
(Paradisus,
it
was
doubt
p.
386)
introduced
'
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
H.
country by the
Salisb.,which
officinalis,
its
placBj is
into
tliis
distinct
Greek
also the
with
drunk
menstruation,
and
it is suitable
his
he
of
says
in
suppressions
makes
It
drunk
the
tansy
the
is
It
which
Dioscorides
Plant.
refers
H.,
to
the
ancient
Materia
determined.
to
"
bites
of
promotes
with
wine
and
It
a
has
been
in
Cordus
his
to
the
See
cudweed.
Medica
further,
the
It
edition
gravel, and
with
of
one
the
that
Parkinson
(p. 695)
racters
cha-
Paulus,
Tanacetum
the
virtues
ascribed
those
be
never
the
and
elechrysus are
can
of
annuiim.
of the
article with
which
and
It is recommended
cases
is
*'""'
greatly celebrated
admit, however,
to
Comm.
"
Accord-
946.)
Tdnacetum
diuretic.
and
Helichrysum
in
But
the
to
identifythis
ascribes
Gerard
appearance.
with
it,
Stcechos.
menses,
proper
old
for
also
ancient
(Gener.
inclines
of the
annuum.
used
dysuria,the
fractures.
Gnaphalium.
inclined
are
'
(called
plant
'
in
catarrhs.
uterine, a vulnerary,and
an
for
coagula when
rather
as
that
Comm.
'
(42);
Flower
golden
dissolves
Linnseus
Dioscorides
other
The
forward
Lectures
is
of
and
relieves
with
Hill
niger.
Eternal
Amarantum),
Alston^s
disease,
Commentary.
identical
See
Everlasting or
and
wine
reptiles,ischiatic
and
H.
Sibthorp brings
capillary leaves
garlands, having
honey,
Dr.
their
Clirysanthemon
When
for
Uomans
species.
Elichrysum, Shrubby
also
109
by
articles
in
satisfactorily
and
Lewis's
Dispensatory (i,411.)
EX^/i'rj,
Ilelxine,
or
Parietaria, Pellitory of
Perdicium, Parthcnium,
detergent
The
and
Sideritis,and
slightly astringent,
Ilelxine, called
also
Wall
the
Hcraclea)
with
Cissampelos, is
(called also
its powers
coldish
are
hixmidity.
possessed of discutient
powers.
CoMMEiVTARY.
This
is
evidently
the
second
species
of
Comm.
'
Dioscorides
(iv,86), who
represents
the
leaves
as
being cooling
and
CoMM.
'
'"
in
'
[book
SIMPLES.
110
tonsils,and
been
has
long
{Parietaria officinalis)
See Parkinson,
Gerard, and
acknowledged.
the
added
be
to
in
characters
same
and
from
late date.
species of
helxine
Convolvulus
has
it is laxative,
that
have
discovered,
treat
of it
as
call it herba
Arabians
The
it the
of
Aetius,
Galen.
the
speciesof Volubilis,by
j;
and
be
laxative.
kinson.
Par-
the
virtues,
far
as
we
The
Arabians
of
acfin. See
agree
further
App.
^NlfXa'j?,
and
applied externally. It
when
species of
of, as
name
to
former
Sprengel
Oribasius.
or
the
its medicinal
treated
now
it clown
was
ni(/er,and
It is not
'EAv^iog
in its powers
It is
INIatthiolus
See
known.
(iv,39.)
bv
Dioscorides
Panicum,
2, 335)
(ii,
Avicenna
See
brieflystates
Dioscorides
arvensis.
do.
by
makes
Dodouccus
it,
the Greeks
been
of
24.) It may
gout, (iv,
the
Arabians
described
long
terms.
juice
the
and
same
it.
cleaned
with
glass vessels were
the Dispensatory, but held a place in
See Quincy, Hill, and
Rutty. That
vitri,because
the
recommends
Rhases
excluded
as
Dioscorides
as
Dioscorides
that
gout. The
of
Galen
Sprengel.
nearly
it in
cases
it
to
applicationto
an
mention
to
as
ceruse,
proper
of
treat
of Celsus, who
mm-alis
is the
It
Oribasius
and
Aetius
virtues
medicinal
same
tlie
of
pellitoryof the
pretty generally
wall
ascribes
and
inflammations,
plant is the
this
That
forth.
so
cataplasm
coughs, inflammations
cbronic
in
useful
proving
as
suitable
VII.
refrigerant
dries up
also
ahine
fluxes.
Panic,
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
"
'
millet
It is the
kind.
of food
in the
part
of this work
'
Empetron,
phlegm
and
V\e
devoted
have
to
It is
treated
plant
more
an
of it
Dietetics.
See
of the
article
accordingly
Vol.
I,
124.
"'/
EyHTTErpoi'
IlpocrcrooEc,
Black-berried
bile.
remarks, is
Italicum.
Panicum
of medicine.
than
Miller
as
Heath, is
It is also
saltish and
medicine
which
purges
therefore, detergent.
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
in
down
set
neither
it ;
we
"
that
appear
find
it in the
Greek
racters
cha-
Arabians
of
works
other
same
the
'
makes
all the
it the
give
not
modern
and
Comm.
crates
Hippoit is
Pharmacopoeia
Pimpinella Saxifraga.
the
being
as
do
it be
Dioscorides
water
Arabian,
does
the
In
Celsus.
or
It
main.
the
noticed
have
and
Greek
both
authorities,
w'liether
Salsola.
or
phlegm, bile,and
of
purger
determined
well
Herniaria,
species of Crithmum,
it to be
is not
It
Commentary.
Ill
^TriOv/Liov,
Epithymum
and
than
thyme.
Dioscorides
Commentary.
?)
Dodder
says
is desic-
of Thyme,
degree, being
third
in the
calefacient
cant
minor
(velCuscuta
of the
drastic
more
Cuscuta
Ejnthymus,
Comm.
"
or
bile,
of
dodder
lesser
and
Aetius, likewise,
of
it
and
it
calls
Serapion gives
the
and
join
in
in
taken
unless
be
it to
Rhases
with
the
like.
of
Rutty
p.
it is
the
chikben.
ters
charac-
same
and
weak
of
slow
purge,
recommends
(10.)
being
also
See
It held
down
80.) ;
p.
(ii,2, 226)
A^icenna
place in
cleanser,
(Materia Medica,
Dispens.
agree
emmenagogue,
he
(Cont. 270.)
character
the
given
salts, or
of it that
mentions
of it ; he
Mesne,
present
They
fevers
in the
spleen, and
and
hver
graphic
tions
particularlyin jaundice, obstruc-
it
recommending
the
of
it is
that
racter
cha-
same
the
flatulent
most
in
in
black
melanogogue
give exactly
author.
our
as
Oribasius
and
Galen
medicine.
and
phlegm
melancholic
particularly with
agrees
(iv, 176.)
cases,
it purges
that
thyme,
and
with
Dispensatory,
our
to
Quincy
period. See
(Complete Engl.
late
117.)
'E7ri/i?jSioi',
Epimedium,
with
of
also
cataplasm
said
to
Barren
wateiy
Wort
its powers
humidity.
it preserves
the
prevent conception
are
applied
When
breasts
when
moderately
in
taken
right
in
in
gerant,
refri-
the
state.
draught.
form
It is
'^
SIMPLES.
112
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
Our
author
[book
descriptionof
liis
borrows
'
Epimedium
"
Alpinum,
of the
none
others
Barren
or
supply
the
and
information
additional
any
Dioscorides
from
Wort,
VII.
ing
respect-
it.
E7r//trjAiCj
Epimelis, Crab-tree,
It is
for the
is bad
sour,
it is
speciesof
Germanica.
that
a
of it
give
it has
medicine,
it the
the
fruit
Dioscorides
and
characters
same
bandmen.
hus-
which, being
the
other
Mespilus
authorities
other
the
that
author.
our
as
as
(i,170),
was
all the
character
same
of
Italian
headache.
Probably, then, it
Dioscorides, Galen,
treat
the
by
occasions
from
appears,
Medlar.
Unedo
apple, the
and
stomach,
It
Commentary.
CoMM.
also
of wild
sort
called
As
Medlars.
^irnraKTiQ,
as
antidote
an
for
Bastard
or
Hellebore),is
for
diseases
of
liver.
Commentary.
CoMM.
The
older
herbalists, supported
by
the
to
the
'
"
authority
of
genus
Herniaria,
seem,
is
still in
alexipharmic,
and
all
from
the
great
and
to
who
Dioscorides.
(iv,107.)
noticed
liver.
as
being
as
author
characters
been
have
we
would
Our
its medicinal
far
As
Greece,
of the
it take
notice
epipactis,it
throughout
repute
article
this
The
curing complaints
others
refer
Wort.
Rupture
or
discover, it is not
the
incline
Anguillara,
by Hippocrates, Celsus,
able
to
any
of
nor
Arabians.
EjOf/3u'0ocj
Vetch
Cicer,
nutritious,
milk
engenders
kind
stones
than
stronger
and
than
Commentary.
CoMM.
The
other
Kpiog
is
species
The
is flatulent,
bowels, diuretic,
The
black
wild
the
others.
sort, breaks
down
is hotter
Ervinum,
are
in every
respect
cultivated.
comprehends
undoubtedly
cannot
than
species called
The
pulse
emmenagogue.
diuretic
more
of
the
proves
bitterish.
It
is
for
especiallythe
more
and
the
and
semen,
kidneys.
others,
kind
common
medicine
proper
them,
of
in the
the
Arietinum
called
decoction
Chick-'pea, a
or
be
so
the
several
Cicer
species of
arietanum.
readily determined.
the
The
Cicer.
two
Probably they
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
but
are
of them
First
produced by
varieties
articles of
the
among
Book.
As
especiallyin
kinds
when
given
Galen
vetches, he
with
and
says,
for
rosemary,
the
have
cancerous
them
We
section
of
ulcers.
useful
prove
dropsy, (ii,126.)
character, and
further
be
the
testicles,
ill-conditioned
jaundice and
same
of
them
the
diuretic, and
are
Comm.
treated
recommends
of
cultivation.
medicine, Dioscorides
113
holds
follows
him
chiches
are
anthelminthic, diuretic,and
in arthritic diseases.
and
Rhases
See
(Cent. 1.
gives a long
ult.
Avicenna, in
i, 209.)
virtues.
In
particular,
addition
to those
already stated,he
all
pretty much
the
same.
Eoia,
Lana, Wool
that
which
for the
is scoured
is
CEsypum
simply the
is burnt
which
tenuity
some
of
has
is
is unscoured
is useful
for
like
digestive,
butter.
That
vehicle
for
other
acrid,hot, and
paits
so
as
to
melt
cations,
embrowhich
applications.
desiccative
down
the
powers,
That
with
flesh
flaccid
of
ulcers.
Commentary.
authorities
pertiesof
pungency.
Commentary.
III.
account
of the
medicinal
'
'
'
pro-
wool.
Erica, Heath,
Erica
same
Comm.
is
Its flower
possessed of discutient
and
leaves
Sprengel and
are
principallyto
Schneider
without
powers
agree
be used.
that it isthecoMM.
"
SIMPLES.
114
that
namely,
CoMM.
'
[book
"
but
mucli
VII.
smaller/^ would
'
rather
"
commends
Our
it
The
past.
ascribe
held
it to
appear
old
herbalists,copying from
be
Dioscorides
species.
place in
held
heath
Dispensatory for
our
virtues
the
the
which
long time
ancient
authorities,
Dioscorides
and
Galen
possessed of.
'
Erinos, Water-basil, is
fruit of
The
not
the
to
Galen.
Baithar, would
Ebn
it has
and
of the lesser
one
an
as
to
copiesfrom
author
of
apply
to
seem
with
which
stops defluxions
the
aquatic herb,
an
drachms
four
of
Eod'oc,
of
Its
eyes.
drachms
two
when
houev,
juice is
also
of the
rubbed
in
remedy
for
earache.
That
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
'
agreed
long
'
or
of
ec/dnos
but
it.
as
it to be
it
names
from
the
articles.
Few
of
the
rapunculus or rampion
Loudon
(Encycl. of Garden.
It
is the
the
(iv,29.)
salad.
scription
de-
authorities
Dioscorides
as
been
Rapunculus
other
is still cultivated
The
C.
similarityof
merely abridges
author
the
has
Erinus.
C.
is ob^dous
two
Our
species of Campanula
held
Sprengel
Galen,
of the
notice
Columna
upon.
Rampions,
it is
See
734.)
Ep/.iocaK7uXoc,
of
Hermodactylus, Hermodactyl
pui'gativeproperties,and also
affections
of
the
joints in
the
the
of
root
it is
decoction.
rheumatism,
It is
but
possessed
given for
it is bad
for
the
stomach.
We
Commentary.
CoMM.
afford
cannot
here
room
discuss
to
fully
'
'
'
the
much
tjdus, and
the
beg
Appendix
our
Mesne
on
author
of Dioscorides
to
Dunbar's
to
commentators
that
refer
to
we
have
Lexicon.
and
name,
place of it is the
and
that
the
identity of
these
his
chapter
Hermodactylus, gives
in this
on
medicines.
Dioscorides's
is
the
subject in
particularlythe
notice
the
'E|0^. This
hermodac-
It is to be
to
in
on
also
Dioscorides.
has
two
ancient
said
See
entirelyomitted
has
bv
what
the
onlv
a
KoXvi/cov
article
which
he
presumptive proof
Serapion
the
the
remarked
words
account
moreover,
of
of the
our
of
in
author
colchicum.
SIMPLES.
IIG
CoMM.
modactylus
in
it to
be
and
gout
foul
[book
An
nlcers.
vTi.
authoi'ity
anonymous
'
"
"
makes
aphrodisiac.(Cont.
It is particularly
to
(Pract. ii,43.)
Abbas
the
1. vilt. 362.)
Arabian
medicinal
the
of
use
red, which
the
former,
not
what
sets
down
his
are
Med.
for
grounds
this
refer
this
who
readers
our
subject,to
the
wish
Materia
'
Wild
Serpyllum,
and
urinary
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
Myrepsus
rubi'um.
It
is
the
on
We
know
the
white
See
Boer-
beg
particularlyto
modern
literature
of Pereira
of
(p.949.)
EpTTuXAog,
Thyme,
menstrual
the
in his annotations
Avould
Medica
hermo-
condemn
and
medicinally.
oljtain
to
that
restrict
and
opinion.
has been
variety which
always used
We
haave, Quincy, and Pereira.
Haly
i),however, prescribe
behen
the
of the
Nicholaus
Fuchsius,
being
as
also
remarked
these,
deleterious.
learned
the
black
the
(De Compos.
be
varieties
first of
the
to
being
as
Actuarius
and
also the
H.
the
others
two
(i,1)
the
dactyl root,
three
all notice
authorities
See
is
heating,
so
to
as
the
promote
discharge.
All
that
agree
the
Thymus
Serpyllum
is pos-
'
"
sessed
of
diuretic
it in
recommends
and
emmenagogue
Dioscorides
powers.
tormina, con\Tilsions,"c.,
and
The
its ancient
held
Serpyllum
characters
down
in
place
to
our
brieflyof
it
freelyfrom
Dispensatory
date.
recent
very
alexi-
an
as
See
".pv9pocavov,
Erythrodanum,
and
sour
to
bitter,it
occasion
and
CoMM.
admitting
madder.
urine.
the
cleanses
There
it to
be
sometimes
He
sordes
Rubia
holds
to
recommends
alexipharmic medicine,
Tinctorum.
urine.
of the
Being
kidneys, so as
It acts
as
an
nagogue,
emme-
skin.
scarcelyany
reason
Tinctorum,
madder
to
hesitate
and
dyer's
it to be
occasion
it in
and
Kubia
spleen,liver,and
seems
the
Dioscorides
as
the
purges
discharge of bloody
Commentary.
in
is the
Madder,
as
much
powerfully diuretic,insoin the
discharge of blood
sciatica
and
paralysis;
producing abortion,
as
menstru-
an
III.]
SECT.
and
ation,
He
the
it doAvn
Aetius
the
character
of
internally,and
The
590.)
the
being
diuretic
whether
in this
of famine.
urine
and
Our
old
its
to
Rubia
The
of
as
nagogue,
emme-
of
sioning
occa-
(De
and
is to
holds
truth
the
menses.
Parkinson
Tinctorum
i,
times
some-
an
powers
the
Dodonseus
or
was
questioned
possessing the
herbalists,
applied
(Casiri,Bibl.
given
discharge
given
1. ult.
(Gout.
in times
Dodonseus
who
madder
when
bi'ead
'
treating
w^hen
alexipharmic
madder
Dioscorides
Greek
deobstruent
that
as
in
giving
mention
that
Galen,
'
'
emmenagogue.
in
It is still sometimes
instance.
modern
Greeks
Comm.
pessary.
cataplasm
author
our
and
from
writers
opinion
97.)
the
as
in
notwithstanding
bloody
as
and
Avicenna
from
of Dioscorides's
dispute
borrows
words
same
follow
Hisp., 336.)
Purgant.
author
Arabians
Arabian
prepared
Arab.
Our
emmenagogue
See
externally.
applied
cures
nearly
All
when
as
uses
it.
the
it
117
discharge
150.)
vinegar, (iii,
sets
of
locTiial
that
addsj
"with
SIMPLES.
Gerard,
be
followed
place
in
the
Pharmacopoeia.
EoU(T"/JOJ',
Erysimum,
equally
added
as
Hedge-nmstard
linctuses, it pui'ges
and
form
in the
the
of
seed
is
when
Wherefore,
cresses.
to
its
fiery and
boiled
in
It
also
chest.
cataplasm
is of
heating,
leaven
and
softens
durations,
in-
for latent
use
cancers.
Commentary.
the
We
Eryshnum
Galen,
Our
Hedge-mustard.
officinale,
who,
in
from
Dioscorides.
than
our
author.
from
pretty confidently
may
the
present
Arabians,
Dioscorides
borrows
copies from
Aetius
Tlie
case,
and
Galen
almost
even
It
that
character
Dr.
mustard
will
at
not
be
Hill
gives
which
admitted
the
same
Dioscorides
forms
all events,
they were
disputed by those
(Mat. Med.)
aud
medicinal
gives
strong
the
question
congeners,
their
closely
thing
every-
to
the
of their
a
fact
identity.
See
in
of remark
worthy
Eryshnon,
presumption
e^^dently
who
to
is
'
everything
more
this head.
Comm.
as
abridges
borrow
manner,
under
down
author
Galen
in like
it
set
hedge-
which
it
identity;
which
Sec
is
Rutty
"
"
SIMPLES.
118
It
is diuretic.
"
'
*
Eriica,
down
with
agrees
The
latter
by giving it
headache
eruca"
with
in
does
the
induce
to
Celsus
ranks
the
videntur.'^
semen
Greeks
the
date
and
is
character.
See
still cultivated
in
Rutty
See
to
(183),
See
gardens.
744.)
"c.
(Encycl.
this
It
(109.)
Quincy
Loudon
retained
rocket
its
to
as
it
setting
tendency
contrahere
quae
it
Brassica
Aetius
(ii,169.)
"
agreed
Arabians
The
(iv, 21.)
its
correct
lettuce,
things
the
among
with
author
our
of
seed
it is the
that
diuretic, and
to
proposes
the
cultivated.
the
doubt
no
being aphrodisiacaland
as
same.
"
he
can
Dioscorides
L.
than
stronger
There
Commentary.
CoMM.
is
wild
The
and
VII.
is flatulent.
temperament,
incitement,
venereal
produces
tlierefore
like it in
also
[book
EuTTorwproi',
and
is
it clears
'
That
Commentary.
'
'
be
hardly
questioned
the
investigated
it to
be
and
southernwood
is
and
from
that
Mesne,
examined
to
lieat.
has
liver,and
also
the
into
these
very
is
chapter
matter
of
Mesne,
different
the
protracted
and
Serapion,
tlierefore
however,
plant, namely,
as
has
the
No
that
been
ilhases,
is
the
(De
entirely
without
that
of
liA^er ;
fevers.
one
doubt
corides
Dios-
the
Eupatorinm
on
same
of
for
makes
from
from
complaints
in
wine,
Galen
end,
(ii,2, 239.)
can
was
in
copies
in the
in
good
addition,
Arabians,
Eupatorinm
be
or
stalk
Serapion
has
its leaves
reptiles,(iv,41.)
suitable
it
and
the
will
who
judge
recommends
seed
Dioscorides, Galen,
from
two
its
and
Eiqjatormm,
competent
any
merely adds,
more
of Dioscorides
Dioscorides
of
Avicenna^s
77.)
slightest change
The
manifest
Agrimonia
tonic.
and
Galen,
that
compiled
by
now
stings
deobstruent
Simpl.
is the
ulcers, and
the
and
and
of
the
of
"Mj!?a/ormm
question.
ill-conditioned
dysentery
the
authorities
Greek
other
in
particles,
astringency.
some
CoMM.
subtile
without
powers
obstructions
away
of
incisive
of
possessed
Hence
consists
Hemp-agrimony
Eupatorinm,
who
the
the
has
En.
Greeks.
generally held
Eupatorium
Canna-
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
binum, according
those
of the
that
ever,
all
as
of
And
liver,and
brought
the
old
and
same
Eu.
of
mind, hownot
are
be
may-
the
was
'
*
])e
to
comparison
Mesne
It is but
and
same
the
on
that
Mat.
hold
of
Such
of
Med.
that
the
the
Greeks.
of
is the
the
question
to
and
us,
from
Parkinson
(in Dioscor.) ;
fair
writers
against
are
different
impartial examination
an
us.
Quincy,
was
fevers.
which
herbalists
Mesne
the
in
chronic
to
has
that
this
to Comm.
"
borne
Arabians
therefore
leaves
others, seems
the
conclusion
be
of the
and
the
comparing
It is to
translations
matters,
it in the
the
his
centaury.
Latin
small
from
some,
mistake.
that
lesser
the
in
trusted
to
119
down
all
Rutty
Eupatorium of
Matthiolus
See
(Theatre of Plants) ;
to
and
the
mentators
com-
Mesne.
on
Eu^opptoi',
is
Euphorbium,
subtile
possessed of caustic
Alston
still holds
remarks,
of
does,
make
it
is
use
the
also
of
excessivelyacrid, upon
now
of the
the
account
of
is
Euphorbium
undetermined.
See
modern
Greek
speciesof
the
from
procured
it is
admitted
now
Pereira
it is
any
but
Pliny
all
its internal
mends
particularlycomformerly supposed
Avas
species called
that
(1127.)
Pharmacopoeia,
Euphorbia.
It
which
take
but
'
'
Medica.
Arabians
Mesne
joints.
Materia
Euphorbium,
and
generally condemned.^^
species Comm.
some
Galen
nor
the
from
the
Dioscorides
quality of
antiquorum, but
the
place in
Aetius, Paulus,
it in diseases
that
its
neither
"
cathartic
do
as
juices.
gum-resin produced
Euphorbia
notice
consists
Commentary.
of
and
powers,
the
the
E.
species is still
Probably,
stated
as
from
procured
in
several
(66.)
E(^r}^t"f)oi',
(or
Ephemerum
but
that
Avhich
species
Colchicinn
of mixed
powers,
E.,
said
verticillata.
See
to
is called
repellent,and
Commentary.
here
Autuninale
be
the
?),not
Wild
Iris.
the
It is
poisonous
possessed
discutient.
and Book
"Ei^fxo^aKTvXoq,
(48.)
The
Comm.
'
the
Dioscorides
same
as
the
recommends
wild
is the Convalluria
iris,
its
root
in
toothache.
"
SIMPLES.
120
and
CoMM.
'
its leaves
[book
possessingdiscutient
as
'
swellings and
'
explain
temperament,
Wherefore
whole
cured.
been
stated
As
Commentary.
bv
E.
the
Dioscorides
and
Fifth
the
scrofula.
He
his
gives
prevented
lice from
the
process
have
they
wonderful
Rhases
1. ult.
(Cont.
Collect.
further
of the
this
ancient
to
vipers
have
is veiy
been
much
familiar
with
enlivened
remote
parts of
the
It
body.
erysipelas,and
of
with
enables
so
is
of
this
on
the
storing
re-
viper when
instead
authorities
in
them
of
Oribasius
See
the
and,
to
even
occasioii,however,
appears
of
theriac
The
(ii,160.)
properties of
of the
of the
sentiments
gives
^-irtues of
shall have
medicinal
composition
Galen
same,
We
2.)
XV,
vipers,ascribing
particular, A\'icenna
says
Dioscorides,
i, 731.)
the
abridges
Aetius
of
medicinal
the
disquisitionon
only
in
See
youth.
of
virtues
tinctly
dis-
(ii,18.)
flesh,
the
of
they
vipers, but
credulity than
more
not
powers,
that
describes
He
from
salts
and
belief
vulgar
the
to
with
affections
nenous
body.
efficacy as
same
medicinal
the
describing
the
on
preparing
display much
Arabians
the
forming
the
not
dill,for
upon
of
out, boiled
taken
credit,however,
no
hving
that
time,
probably is the C.
vipers, having their
e/tc,
entrails
and
little salts
oil, wine,
the
the
Book,
yEcjyptius,and
Coluber
recommends
off,and
tail cut
the
The
C. Berus.
skin.
thirst.
occasion
in
us
is
Nicauder
the
Europffia
Amodytes.
head
of
Asiatica
Echidna
iu
dry
the
body by
diy situations,rather
in other
and
hot
'
*
the
of
theory
to
by eating
elephantiasis,
which
live by the
Those
with
affected
persons
it have
of
drinking
the
it cleanses
that
so
many
sea-side,or
"
pains
great
liis
to
decidedly
flesh is
its
Viper ;
the
Vipera,
CoMM.
at
of medicines.
action
or
is
operandi agreeably
modus
its
Galen
(iv,75.)
tumours,
applied to
when
powers
vii.
use
the
it
close
shall in
we
author,
"
volatile
powder
salt
with
where-
to
medicine
particularlythe
who
The
force
shut,
singular
treat
collectingthe
modern
to
to
describing
head,
of it
(Med.
its virtues
the
to
more
cure
leprosy.
It
and
in
or
syrup,
to
is
adder
the
taken
in the
form
viper
broth
is
of
descriljed
terms
diseases
leprous and
in
service
"
Coluber
by
Berm)
skin.
of the
by Dioscorides,
as
some
It is
The
Dioscorides.
in
in
'
'
(Moses Charras.)
varietyof the
described
as
soup,
Avith
incorporated
bolus."
Comm.
'
else
like
taken
a
(which
popular remedy for malignant
Scotland
In
wasted
persons
liquor, or
confection
some
121
is to be
It
cordial
otlier
any
body
diseases.
tedious
or
of
plumpness
restores
is
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
recommended
and
obstinate
other
cutaneous
complaints."
Echinus
Of
Land
the
dried
herb
the
Echinus,
therefore, it is beufficial
discutient.
and
in
diuretic, and
resembles
agrees
that
Theophrastus,
or
the
bowels.
Dioscorides
herb
and
in
of
treats
ancient
the
two
the
account
of
Serapion,
after
same
land
the
of
echini
it is
See
mostly
in like
made
at
greater
the
manner
tlie land
children
it
biings
arc
on
the
Upon
up
of
extracts
in
the
subject,adding
that
dysuria.
as
same
giving
whole, however,
lie
and
when
Avicenua
other
any
land, in phthisis,
other
complaints of
his account
Dioscorides
irretention
the
Arabian
an
than
length
cinal
medi-
(ii,2, 234,)
Avicenua
flesh of the
from
their
and
Rhases
echinus
the
is beneficial
echinus
be
and
author, recommending
formidable
burnt,
by Dioscorides, Comm.
to
appear
protracted fevers.
part is
edible
'E.
author.
flesh
the
described
would
It
give
properties as our
description by Dioscorides
authority, that
rubbed
when
is undoubtedly the
yioaaioq
Esciilenhis.
'E. OaXarTiog \]ie Echinvs
the
Galen
many
cant
desic-
shell,v.hen
Its
is not
The
see.
Hystrix Cristuta,and
and
echinus.
land
Pliny.
EriniLS,which
the
Echinus, the
with
draught,
more
alopecia
cures
Sea
The
Commentary.
therefore
the
of the
in
burnt, becomes
Of
\\'\i\\liquidpitch.
taken
strongly
cachexia,
elephantiasis,
in
It
when
flesh
when
skin, when
Its
complaints.
other
the
Hedgehog,
desiccant
dcsiccant.
repellent, and
austere,
or
and
discutient
is
is
of urine
He
of
Galen.
mends
recom-
to
whicli
frequentlyadministered,
quote Serapion as an
SIMPLES.
122
autliorityfor
CoMM.
its
disappeared from
vii.
in
use
'
"
[book
our
"Ey^iov,
call
who
but,
CoMM.
is the
It appears
Echiwn
doubt
vuJgare
introduced
was
the
places, and
therefore
Some
taken
have
signifies
Parkinson
"
vulgare
that
are
but
in
describes
The
flowers
have
vulgare.
Our
from
powers
old
where
its
root
Defrutum,
and
is also
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
Boiled
red
while
The
of
it is
supposed.
they
it
in bud
are
"c.
(p.413.)
the
as
them
its
Echium
medicinal
Avould
seem
it is
closelyallied.
viper's bugloss, follow
ceased
hold
to
is known
character
plish
pur-
of the Echium
Arabians
of
Gray (Suppl. to
Must
cultivated
is
of
which
the
still,
however,
the
herbs
Dioscorides
as
account
to
long
See
slightlyastringent.
from
acknowledging
his
no
truly indigenous.
of the flowers
Anchuste,
retains
be
not
(iv,27)
has
It
from
have
we
medicinal
remote
reddish
treating
it
this article
borrows
herbalists, in
but
and
more
wine,
being injured.
that
other
to
in
as
of
the
Dispensatory.
our
of
from
vubrum,
the colour
author
Echium
hesitation
no
it with
Dioscorides
the
Dioscorides.
confound
Our
it not
but
places
some
believe
are
fullyblown,
with
found
bright blue,
us
never
flowers
thus
We, then,
to
we
the
drunk
quite clear
Britain
it is
it for
described
to
them
relieves
only
or
into
for
llomans,
having
it preserves
and
Dorias,
not
beforehand,
if taken
also
been
have
Commentary.
by
is
Alcibiadium,)
others
it
in
in
place
the
shops,
being aperient and
Pharmacop. p. 54.)
moderately heating
and
tive,
diges-
it : '''Sirseum
'
*
nostri
quod
alii
opus
est, musto
usque
quod
ubi
ad
xiv, 11.)
Sapa
hepsema,
factum
Harduin
preparing
ad
states
it
partem
that
the
Charras
Of
.
the
vocamus.''
Hepsema
gives
new
naturse
decocto
mensiirse
est, defrutum
Moses
"
appellant,ingenii, non
tertiam
dimidiam
semplex. (1.c.)
for
sapam
the
is called
(H.
Rob
following
juice of
white
N.
or
tions
direcgrapes
SIMPLES.
124
wliicli account
on
the
it
CoMME.VTARY.
Dioscorides
be
to
of
of
as
Mesne
the
preserves
of
same
is beneficial
the
extracts
the
is not
that
holding
ginger
that
binds
and
it binds
it is
the
astringent.
bowels,
viscid
Zythus, Ale,
by
loose
He
agrees
and
bellv, heats
the
(water brash?)
the
humidity
fruit,such
works
of
rity
autho-
Mesne,
gives very
authors
the
belly,and
Avicenna
i, 762.)
state
also
an
acid
now
interesting
Arabian
Avith the
in
melons
as
Alcanzi
as
latter,that
arises
with
from
the
digestion
inother
nature
for
it is
acrid,
is
digestion;
aperient, and
agrees
\T.r-
liver, ansing
the
it softens
it is
of
authority.
unknoAvn
various
their
compound
of
1. ult.
He
humours.
of
being possessed
chyle.
when
it is stomachic
is
and
(Cont.
stating that
of the
The
llhases
of.
account
of
the
In
ginger, that
it.
as
authorities, that
formed
of
says
Dioscorides
quotes
treated
opinions
removes
eating
Dioscorides, Galen,
latter,one
another
the
extant, ginger
from
from
garding
re-
the
phlegm
and
memory,
and
Oribasius
luiknown
vision.
and,
pepper
and
promotes
it
conclusions
it softens
removes
obscurity of
in
another
body
and
frame
Aetius
sensible
that
cornea,
it and
obstriictions
aphrodisiacal;
improves
like
in
Avhole
the
stomach, arising
the
and
and
elaboratelyin
animal
quoting
very
humidity;
and
and
Mesne
from
and
alexipharmic
after
powers
otherwise
very
between
author's.
our
it is beneficial
stomach
it
as
and
the
bowels,
the
practically,his
class
same
the
of
the
on
and
its medicinal
writes
ginger
Galen, gives
coldness
says
of
Zbigiber.
ginger,
antidotes
Galen
Serapion,
and
says
from
of the
ginger
of
tues
bad
of the
nebulse
in
difference
the
him.
Dioscorides
ingredient
action
for
are
from
copy
as
it
Amomwn
it, states
it in
(ii,189.)
of the
articles
being
country
of
kinds
an
pepper
it
Of
best
recommends
accounting
other
and
the
it, that
explanation
the
describing
and
resembles
in
the
the
stomachic
adds
doubt
Without
after
characters
and
carious^ hut
readily becomes
vii.
heat.
CoMM.
the
[book
quality.
It therefore
as
cold,
produces
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
The
Commentary.
from
entering into
subject,but
to
which
have
we
have
we
could
we
to
given
lita
re
Zythorum
(De
Cibaria,iv, 15)
and
Athenseus
business
kinds
two
to their
of ale
from
between
them
x,
opinions
medicinal
barley, but
does
consisted.
also
and
humours,
this nature
is liurtful to
See
(ii,109, 110.)
and
Oribasius,
Rhases
treats
for the
stomach
it
also formed
are
from
mentions
of them
the
diflerence
the
to
;
he
adds, that
ders
engenOf
xxii,82.)
verbatim
the
bad
drinks
and
to
prove
headache, forms
almost
Zythus, by
pared
pre-
diuretic,apt
wheat, in Spain
author, copy
of the
proper
elephantiasis.
nerves
ties
authori-
is flatulent
;
occasions
(De
xiii,640)
medical
says, is
our
Panopo-
Our
wherein
state
leave
Nonnius
Med., both
occasions
the
beg
Dioscorides
of the brain
and
whicli
peculiarlycalculated
that
says,
of the
Zythus, he
affect the
ancient
Zozimus
in Iliad,
powers.
not
The
depraved humours,
also
or
the
Ludovicus
to
work,
information
on
(Comment,
the
state
our
would
annotations
Eustathius
(Deipnos.
regard
We
Compositione) ;
is to
now
with
all the
^^
tary,
Commen-
disquisitionon
respecting them.
learned
part of
Comm.
iis
of this
in another
as
this
condensed
have
Gruner's
to
in
elaborate
an
we
procure
refer
referred
prohibits
general literature
the
often
present work
our
expositionof
an
think
we
of
plan
125
of
Britain
Aetius,
from
Galen.
272.)
probably
wax."
the
of extracts
far
liquor is
head
of
from
as
short
sentence
was
by
the
Dioscorides
we
treated
of
and
Rhases.
not
tirely
en-
(ii,2,
treat
of
Fucas, whicli, as
from
foca, is
of
name
of
account
discover, does
can
In
his
Dioscorides's
"ivory steeped
not,
Avicenna^s
i, 306.)
corruption of Posca.
effect that
It
ult.
describes
also
Serapion, as
Scth, under
the
he
up
this article.
to
(Cont. 1.
name
in
of
account
chapter
it becomes
strictlyspeaking,
an
ale
remark,
as
or
on
is
troduces
it, he in-
Zythus,
ductile
as
beer, being
SIMPLES.
126
merely
CoMM.
"
mixture
vinegar and
of
able
Plinii
as
palate by
of
persons
thirst
the renal
Leaven
it is
for
it also is
"""
the
On
CoiMMENTARY.
mentum
and
ahdne
cold
must,
of
of
treats
praises the
furunculi.
in
modes
of
for
he
like
in
in the
for
wine, when
is
which
of children.
perches,and
other
water, oil,dill,and
salts.
of
Crustacea, especiallj^
the
(cockles),and
boiled
hen,
with
on
the
other
hand,
is taken
The
from
is
and
epispastic,
head
gives
bv
and
two
tracts
ex-
from
one
it in
the
from
prepared
leaven,
cious
effica-
fish
In
the
if drunk
but
itself
by
or
particularlythat
hakes, scorpion-fishes,
rainbows,
like
dwell
The
rocks, with
among
also,the broth
manner,
Tellinse
great degree,
Commentary.
fishes
fresh
Concliylpe(oysters).
salt to
Dioscorides
belly
fishes which
tender
Galen.
being wonderfully
as
the
from
simply prepared
from
from
made
taken
author's
recommends
be
to
praises
Broth, loosens
Our
followed
who
N.
prepared from
heels, phymata,
thirst.
draught
It
Pliny (H.
grape.
this
Galen,
Mesne?),
manner
fevers
Jusculum,
with
and
quenching
a
and
words.
the
under
Serapion
(the elder
is
same
of
flour.
preparing Fer-
being heating
as
complaints
Dioscorides
formula
the
putrefactive
and
was
the
powers
wheat
use
juice of
nearly
of
of children
which
fresh
it in
(ii,107.)
Abenmesuai
quenches
ordinary degree.
no
common
medicinal
leaven
from
gives
in most
the
suiting with
fevers
used
opposite ingredients
salts
Geopon.' (ii,31)
see
or
its
description of
and
states,
frequently
acidity and
moreover
tlic aucicnt
kind
The
and
Aetius
it
and
of
composed
discutient
'
Leaven,
or
millet
that
'
xviii,26.)
CoMM,
of
possessed
("fermentative?^')heat,
is,therefore, heating and
CoMM.
Seth
discharge.
Fermentum,
;
ad
especiallywhen
of stomach
temperature
appetite; increases
the
whets
hot
agree-
Harduin
beverage
wholesome,
it is
more
See
this
Respecting
opinion, that
own
aromatics.
some
xix, 29.)
(H. N.
his
by
the
to
rendered
water,
'
'
[booktii.
(limpets),the
broth
is laxative
of
;
Chamte
old
an
but
of
cock,
that
of
astringent.
account
Dioscorides
here
given
(ii,35.)
of
Galen
the
broth
directs
of
the
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
brotli
of
in
pour
dill and
fish to
be
plenty
of
leek
little salt.
in
(De
tenth
the
Alim.
for
chapter
preparing
wine, honey,
"c.,
rue,
the
the
title
of
486.)
mouth
it makes
the
eruption is
slow
acrid
it therefore
Garum
in
all
of
Dioscorides
is
powers
and
According
and
juice of
of
breast,
the
and
anthclminthic
and
it,
the
out, when
have
of
the
the
and
when
taken
to
He
Galen
cases.
articles
in the
useful
Mat.
in
aphrodisiac.
on
hiccup,
He
Med,
and
of the
with
along
it,in
complaints
mint
vents
pre-
pessary
also recommends
author
but
it stops
haemoptysis ;
The
36.)
(iii,
draught
pronounces
'
of blood
venery,
it,that
Comm.
desiccative
worms,
applied
in
its
sativa, L.
discharge
male
of
by
referring it
Mentha
application,for headache,
is
in
round
when
says
ness,
bitter-
blood.
the
kills the
female
further
it
hesitation
no
it stimulates
in
worms
it stops the
and
fluids ;
to
adds,
its powers
particles;
intestinal
acid pomegranate.
that
of
says
he
cholera,
other
as
when
half-concocted
discharges
need
He
attenuate
Dioscorides
It
venery.
recent
external
an
most
an
(ii,2,
it
them
come
some
commentators
him,
coition.
vomiting,
form
to
vinegar,
conception
before
under
one,
Avicenna
of
of subtile
with
order,
hence,
to
into
of
OCTROI',
consists
it has
with
One
substance
sciatica,both
smallpox
it kills
best
drunk
when
the
hot,
means
says
sition.
compo-
taking place.
We
the
Jus
in
ceipts
re-
Book
see
recommend
clysters.
pustules
Commentary.
with
the
authorities
contain
their
head,
and
its restrains
sourness
into
this
and
'
lovage, cumin,
enter
condense
'
'
Apicius
diff'erent
pepper,
phlegmagogue
provokes
which
by
boiled, sprinkle
ix.)
Comm.
little
INIost of them
generally
Arabian
third
the
in
gives
first
with
s.
fourteen
fishes.
on
manner
Med.
(jNIeth.
work,
xioti
are
half
are
under
See
in
INIentha,Mint,
oil q.
mentioned
and
the
given by
that
Mur'ia.
purgative
of
oil, with
chapters
Serapion's
gentle
following
ingredients which
fishes
two
iii);
and
Arabians
Dioscorides^s
fish
from
soups
the
among
The
(90.)
the
his
vinegar,
On
add
Facult.
of
the
then
tlien^when
in
prepared
water^
127
to
be
agrees
that
the
of the
one
of
with
it is
Hippocratic
'
'
SIMPLES.
128
treatise
CoMM.
'
Dlatd,' while,
De
[book
he
Dioscorides,
like
gives
VII.
mint
the
'
"
*
credit
the
promoting
of
taken
that
says,
stops erections.
and
indeed
mint
that
attempts
authorities
also
little
add
and
Med.
Med.,
but
French
is therefore
stomachic,
closely,
with
agree
See
We
(ii,2, 188.)
Mentha
three
other
is
in
now
jected
re-
species of
it
There
the
among
herb
but
we
and
in
pessary,
in
and
subastringent.
form,
Hquid
have
Arabians,
it
been
with
great difference
herbalists
decide,
and
or
prevents
the
same
unable
to
find
the
exception
Dioscorides
this
dence,
confi-
Coronilla
securidaca.
and
alexipharmic,
Our
conception.
does
opinion
considerable
with
Vetch,
of
respecting
it is stomachic
Aetius
and
We
Oribasius.
it that
of
says
to
Hatchet
the
was
abridges Galen,
the
taken
been
has
inclined
are
it
Dioscorides
that,
when
commentators
that
and
is bitter
"\asceral obstructions.
away
Commentary.
of
all
species of
Honeysuckle,
Hedysarum,
clears
CoMM.
Galen
stops vomiting.
that
The
still retained.
are
It
Mat.
See
(35.)
and
Avicenna
way,
sional
profes-
i, 15.)
They
own.
and
this
our
among
Dioscorides
with
the
the
Parkinson
aphrodisiac and
it is
that
Dioscorides,
that
feeble
by
Cib.
re
and
their
of
of
Nonnius,
point. (De
323),
nothing
or
opinion
but
semen,
difference
the
of it follow
treating
in
Arabians
on
(Mat.
Rutty,
this
semen
Ludovicus
for
account
to
the
Aetius, seemingly
much
generates
nature.
also
these
reconciling
of
desire
the
holds
is
mint
likewise
Aristotle
ing,
vomit-
of
and
so
it in the
Ebn
author
likewise
Mat.
Baithar,
INIed.
who
(i,80.)
'HXtOrpOTTtOl',
Heliotropiura,Simfloivei-;
piurus)
powers.
bile.
is
possessed
Its
decoction
Its fruit
in
of
the
large
one
(called also
calefacient, desiccant,
when
drunk
cataplasm
dries
brings
and
away
myrmecia
Scor-
detergent
phlegm
and
such
and
like
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
The
complaints.
cutaneous
129
small
these
with
Dioscorides
Commentary.
if drunk
calls the
in
the
He
is
powdered
and
other
Greek
discover,have
Arabians
under
Croton
used
was
either
them,
amulet
an
of the
The
lesser
nally.
exter-
produce
to
fevers, and
abortion
procures
None
(iv,190.)
have
been
heliotropes
;
been
not
it
tumoiu's, sprains,"c.
we
as
along
says
pessary,
far
fruit
cholagogue,and
internallyand
and
have
we
it is.
name
the
[Helio-Comm.
to various
authorities,as
of
with
removes
great Sunflower
as
emmenagogue,
treated
also
it in intermittent
applied on
describe
what
it
fomentation
it
and
scorpions,both
also recommends
adds, that
when
the
He
cataplasm and
He
of
adds, that
sterility.
as
bites
Sunflower
able
of
able
and
to
if the
discover
to
heliotropeis probably
the
tincto7'ius.
HXE/CTpOfj
Amber;
Electrum,
poplar, which
into
and
stops defluxions
drunk,
dischargesof
is well
It
tree, commonly
the
formed
when
the
them
are
which
the
out
cast
very
swallowed
procured.
but
what
cold
by
up
What
white,
the
an
exudation
banks
Mesuai
and
of
and
from
the
authors
the
Po.
formed
are
forth
of amber.
He
the
of
it is
an
citrine
ostrich's
land
Latin
translation,of its
killed,amber
colour, he
egg,
is
good;
Upon the
says,
is bad.
and
which, when
fish,from
a
on
old persons
and
men
account
'
'
poplar
Some
that
Comm.
also
it casts
is of
like
the
held
(De Electro),
temperament.
111.
ancient
in
intelligible
dry medicine,
and
that
mushrooms
as
crusts
authorityof Aben
senses,
bowels
of
sea
was
and
known
the
See
is troubled
sea
is
creted
get conThis, being pulverized
and
Lucian
as
annotations
is not
being
the
Po, and
stomach
as
on
substance.
in
river
of
tears
blood.
Commentary.
in
the
of
it is the
hot
the
of
of it is
"^
SIMPLES.
130
made
mostly
CoMM.
*
opinion,is
allude
as
first
given
He
Seth.
of it
is of
kind
is sold
in
correct
But
account
in various
fishes that
from
It
have
add
some
and
heart
and
still
xiii.)
as
amulet,
an
more
Psellus
so
if
says, it
of
amber
the
has
writer
Symeon
as
that
there
fat,which
?) and
Silachetum.
The
Arabia
Fehx,
black, and
is collected
its fountains.
at
and
powers,
therefore
head
strengthens the
drinking accelerates
defluxions
toxicatio
in-
wine.
the
to
dysury
cures
the
like ; that
city of
added
fever, stops
removes
dyeing
It
in
to
for
ancient
amber
incisive
cases
no
says, is
remedies.
smelled
when
and
Ahmentis,
and
stomachic
it to
swallowed
same
places,and
in
in
dry
as
sperm-
pitch,bitumen, and
grayish colour (griseaambra
certain
same
from
must
and
exactly the
of
as
the
speciesused
also
He
second
Rhases
44.)
an
it abounds
says
fountains
best
and
full
so
of
is the
1. ult.
Serapion. (Cont.
from
from
in the
364.)
and
character, which
medicinal
are
(ii,2, 62,
black,
hair
dies.
procm'ed
it in
my
He
sea.
being procured
it and
hot
mention
makes
He
is
recommends
He
degree.
Serapion.
the
which
it to be
determines
He
swallowed
has
ambergris
the
to
whale.
the
fish which
its
vii.
in
says,
in the
fountain
Serapion, of
from
account
belly of
from
he
Amber,
Serapion.
emanation
an
repeats the
the
from
up
'
[book
when
(De
appended
of the
stomach,
to
sharpens
mention
the
of
head
the
under
of
rubbed, and
that
commencement,
poplars
coagulated.
tears
become
the
at
electrum
the
the
which
He
populus,
have
colour
of
the
and
when
amber
also
being
used
as
an
transmitted
to
modern
amulet
in
times.
We
the
the
be
Po, and
when
and
110.)
belly, (i,.
amber
an
authentic
very
mention
makes
need
to
smell
supposes
diseases
superstitionsof
said
triturated
and
into
fragrant
stomach
describes
being
as
di'opped
adds, it is of
golden
of
Dioscorides
of
of
childi'en,a
like
kind, has
scarcelyremark
132
SIMPLES.
triturated
with
liver of the
makes
wine
be
in the
Avhen
dried
"VVc havB
dietetical
Galen
who
for
part of
and
has
of
treat
in
The
draughty
livers
See
author
mixed
of
also
copiesfrom
footstepsof
animals
in
the
cular
parti-
former,
Dioscorides,
being refrigerant
powers,
recommends
it relieves
bile.
from
cation.
Our
the
Book.
complaints, and
Avitli must
Paulus,
First
Dioscorides
inflammatory
drunk
reptiles.
discutient.
Commentary.
in
of
taken
of
closelyin the
Senecio, Groundsel,
CoMM.
the
follows
moderately
and
treated
Serapion.
in his turn
and
bites
the
vii.
discharged.
CoMMENTAKY.
CoMM.
is drunk
cormorant,
calculi
[book
it in
times
ancient
authorities
and
the
general terms
it had
the
do
the
Avhen
stomach
ceeding
pro-
authorities,like
sciatica
of
that
say
it that
apj)liantiphlogistic
an
in
character
not
of
other
as
it
[Seneciovulgaris)
of
says
pains
recommends
Apuleius
modern
also
the
Galen
it
(75, 5.)
In
but
the
being emetic,
it has
this
property.
Wpvyyiov,
Eryngium, Eryngo,
and
has
little heat
no
Commentary.
CoMM.
is calefacient
and
That
in
imperceptibledegree,
no
subtilityof parts.
it is
of
species
Eryngium
or
sea
'
'
"
holly
the
planum,
view
of
indisputable.
seems
and
or
figuredby
to
seem
calefacient,and
and
tormina
it that
an
as
opisthotonos
Galen
and
terms
like
taken
for
well
remarked.
it under
says
the
it is diuretic
and
and
the
in
hard
epilepsywhen
other
Greek
Paulus.
this
the
Dioscor.
of
He
and
adds,
both
of
that
the
with
Iringi,as
he
being
it
removing
hepatic
in
it is related
of
of
it
it in
Arabians
But
calls
as
"cui'cs
.21.)
hydromel. (iii,
general
has
been
Matthiolus
erroneously, as
iii,31.)
localities
appended
root
treat
the
into
(Theatre
its
when
that
drunk
secacul
of
serviceable
authorities
article,but
(Ad
name
The
Parkinson.
emmenagogue,
tumours,
cataplasm ;
maritimum,
brought
are
campestre;
proving
alexipharmic.
an
the
description
with
it discusses
and
amulet
best
agree
be
which
herbalist
Dioscorides^s
flatulences,and
diseases,and
all of
careful
our
either
may
campestre,
Plants, 986.)
would
of
the
It
Serapion
white
treats
varietyof
has
of
the
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
Aster
and
He
Atticus.
of it in the
who
translates
merely
Galen.
also
does
Galen.
of the
works
little
The
indeed
from
it
it.
from
copy
retained
its
said to
brieflynotices
be
the
which
the
the
and
root
decoction
in obstructions
makes
of eryngo
of the
of
mention
days. (Mat.
for
98.
Marina, Sea
and
desiccant
draught,
disorders
hot
poured
it
on
as
the
Com]\h;xtary.
article
of
Rhases.
bad
the
for the
phlegm
they become
barley-meal,and
For
state, and
in
turgid
the
it proves
the
in
If
who
have
written
Comm.
Dioscorides, A\icenna,
hot
the
on
belly,bringing
for
for
it is
It is
away
it attracts
and
nerves
plastersand
bowels
hot.
part
It is proper
the
in
and
and
chilblains
with
mixing
discutient
injected
suitable
fore
beraw
malaga
tepid
in
fomentation
bath
headaches, and
hot
bites
tremblings
phalangia, and asps,
nerves
taken
phlegmagogue.
authorities
poured
is suitable
induce
bath,
his
ulcerated.
In
in
in
use
discusses.
afl'ections of the
for tormina
mammre.
is useful
Tournefort
When
evacuating
of
cases
and
candied
deobstruent
when
proves
and
]\Ied., are
discusses,suitingwith
mata.
and
ancient
water, says
bile.
the
common
stomach
and
Atticus.
vcwp,
the
bowels,
this
on
INIat.
Sea
for
it attracts
The
learnedly
most
Aster
is bad
part
imitation
and
coughs
in
in
gave
being in
Engl, edition.)
same
QaXaaaiov
Aqua
the
attenuant
an
viscera,and
the
Med.
as
campestre.
is described
way,
the Eiyngo
with
Serapion, confounds
Boerhaave
(Complete Engl. Disp. 113.)
and
satory,
Dispen-
our
Eryngium
of
'
'
pelled
yet formallyex-
It is the
'
Baithar,
Dioscorides
place in
Comm.
mention
any
scarcelybe
can
of Dioscorides
find
cannot
than
long
Pereira
the words
We
other
more
eryngo
133
useful
fomentations
of
and
rigors, but
if, in
and
dullness
of
such
in chronic
of it is useful.
and
dispelslividities,
animals, such
venomous
and
it
especially of
cases,
one
into
go
of the
soothe
It
is
given
as
scorpions,
cachexia
hearing.
least
at
as
hot
body and
dropsies,
a
purge
134
SIMPLES.
,^
either
CoMM.
'
alone
with
or
oxycrate, wine,
honey
or
and
[book
VII.
after
the
'
'
purging
takes
place the
broth
its
acrimony
and
dilute
to
of
hen
largelyfrom
Dioscorides, but
remarks
of
bv
own
He
portance.
no
recommends
injured by
is beneficial
in
for
room
few
dissertation
the
and
also,
of salt water, he
From
of salt water
it,it proves
to
He
adds,
Rhases's
subject we can
only find
authority of Johannitius
the
use
laxative
it proves
accustomed
one
that
states
blood.
pruritus,scabies, and
benefited
b}^ tepid salt
this
Upon
im-
in
vapour
on
and
chilblains, for
2, 58.)
dropsies,(ii,
extracts.
(Serapion?),he
to
The
vertigoand
lengthened
very
hot.
interest
for
discussing extravasated
of
water
sea
additional
supplies some
devoid
means
Avicenna
(v, 19.)
pungency,
borrows
his
of fishes is exhibited
or
to
customed
unac-
belly,but
the
pinches
one
of
Another
astringent.
beneficial
in
authorities,Judaeus, says salt water
proves
of the head
and chest, in dropsy, and
a
watery stomach.
also
states
the
continued
its
salt
1. ult.
of it
use
dries,
although
first it proves
the
strengthens
his
pain
He
laxative,
because, he
constipation,
brings on
astringes, and
at
to
says,
belly. (Cont.
i, 70.)
QaklKT^OV,
Thalictrum, Meadow
Rue, has
It therefore
heals
Commentary.
CoMM.
desiccant
chronic
without
powers,
gency.
pun-
ulcers.
it
Sprengel confidentlypronounces
to
be
"
'
the
Thalictrum
of
herbalists.
our
Galen
an
been
It is the
able
the
on
to
Mat.
place in
our
find
seated
some
ulcers.
except Ebn
Med.
by
fluids,and
It therefore
dispelsthem
of the
Arabian
Baithar, and
for many
Carrot, is acrid
humidity.
likewise
xxvii, 112.)
any
English Dispensatory
when
terms
same
Pliny, who
(H. N.
it described
Thapsia, Deadly
with
of
in the
and
attracts
rue
Dioscorides
(265.)
properties
Thalitruum
applicationto
to
Parkinson
See
its medicinal
state
author.
as
it
ages
and
as
our
praisesit
We
have
not
authorities
has
had
no
past.
strongly calefacient,
strongly the
attracted.
deep-
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
authorities
The
Commentary.
135
divided
are
between
the
Comm.
'
the
it
gives
acrid
very
(iv, 154.)
poison.
old
calls
Culpeper
ceased
it
"
to be
as
it
violent
purges
emetic
external
an
foreign
and
application.
in medicine
employed
venomous
that
of
root, and
even
therefore
of it.''^
more
no
it is
that
states
The
that
it
Pliny describes
(P. ix, 10, 24.)
Dioscorides
See
(H. N. xxiii,43.)
operates powerfully
cathartic, and
Gerard
Parkinson
but
mentions
Theophrastus
Serapion
Old
Thapsia Ascleplum.
deadly carroty
downwards.
and
upwards
the
of
name
fennel.
scorching
as
and
Garganica
Thapsia
QllOV,
Sulphur
it likewise
subtile
of
consists
hot, and
possessed
is
attractive
of
particles,so
be
to
as
is
powers,
antidote
an
especiallythe sea-turtle
poisonous animals, more
with
saliva,or with
dragon, either sprinkled dry or mixed
It is also a wonderful
of a child, or oil,or honey.
urine
against many
and
the
complaints.
for scabious
remedy
Sulphur
Commentary.
from
esting
mention
of which
native
The
or
(H. N.
of it.
account
is
sulphur, that
sulphur ignem
so
sublimation.
expertum
extensivelyused
as
scarcely
It
especially scabies.
catarrhs
and
other
complaints
and
in
sed
Pliny.
the
et
The
discutit
facie
adipe
mire
celeritate
of
Natura
corporum
Renibus
resina
avcllendi,
scorpionum
avelli
et
are
Purulcnta
ictus.
See
well
in
Dioscorides
worth
quoting
quoque
lepras.
enim
was
diseases, and
chest.
latter
sulphur
given internally
also
the
sulphur
pyrites by
that
et
lumbis
Aufert
et
Harpacticon
subinde
quoque
Yitiliginesvivum
debet.
in dolore
iichenas
vocatur
Prodest
et
extussientibus,
nitro
mixtum
et
atque
'
'
of Jameson.
from
cutaneous
prodest impositum.
suspiriosis linctum.
contra
"
miscetur.
terebinthi
cum
mention
inter-
CAddently
was
factitious
procured
was
the
of
collectiones
malagmatisque
cum
words
instance.
present
is
and
Comm.
sulphur vivum,
work,
clearlythe
which
more
The
prismaticsulphur
application in
an
in medicine
full
very
in this
was
that
need
We
made
often
50.)
xxxv,
is to say, the
namely,
brimstone,
Pliny gives
times.
earliest
the
extensively used
was
CoMM.
'
ex
'
'
[BOOK
SIMPLES.
136
tritum
aceto
admixto."
sandaracliato
mentioned
darachatum
by
Serapion,
realgar.
entirely
(ii,2, 612),
Avicenna
of
treating
and
writer
the
Rhases
and
(Cont.
san-
is to
in
ult.
say,
himself
confines
so
it
its name,
from
sulphur,
(407)
acetum
arsenic, that
and
vinegar
authorities
Greek
to
in
found
not
other
any
of
composed
doubt
no
was
have
We
palpebris,aceto
in
lendes
toUitj item
illitum
et
vii.
like
manner
694.)
Gep/uoc,
Lupinus, Lupine
plastic powers
that
vrhich
is edible
the
bitter
is
but
desiccative, without
when
applied externallyand
the
bowels
the
skin,
with
discusses
and
is
wild
The
drunk
when
and
both
worms,
and
infusion,
and
rue
em-
it cleanses
with
applied
than
stronger
when
It also cleanses
pepper.
when
tumours
bitter
more
kills
in
taken
of
possessed
It
pungency.
is
oxymel.
cultivated
the
aU
in
respects.
'
'
'
down
to
the
was
doubt
hirsutus,
is
what
or,
Suffice
it to
it
much
variety
virtues
no
of
are
it
say,
that
into
Avhat
ascribed
it
the
by
observations
account
of its medicinal
Hhases
derives
almost
they
all
some
call
is
as
have
the
long
Avritten
their
applied
or
list
author's
our
and
it,
on
opinions.
deobstruent
in
fomentations.
The
great
same
ply
sup-
Avicenna^s
importance.
information
his
Nymphsea
some
comprehended
from
Which
is
of any
powers
which
pilosus, or
enumerating
internally,and
in
these,
it
emmenagogue
an
upon
to
the
exposition of
an
complaints
external
was
Dioscorides
there
known,
applicable,but
is
of
as
in
agree
sum
here
relied
additional
Galen
the
enter
not
was
whether
lupine
the
embraces
need
well
probable, whether
more
and
which
to
cases
account
we
species;
Dioscorides
both.
of
the
to
as
be
principallyused,
one
of
and
sativus
of
days
former
the
Though
Quincy.
our
lupine, the
the
from
in medicine
used
were
sylvestris,
of the
varieties
Two
Commentary.
CoMM.
Filix,Female
the
Greeks.
Dioscorides
Fern,
is like
the
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
broad
round
and
There
phrastus recommends
in
it, concur
it down
sets
it
as
assigning
medicine
as
The
abortion.
occasion
it still held
an
this
utero.
authorities
calculated
of
powder
that
In
equivocal place
in the
P.
Dioscorides
'
'
"
of
also
and
sterility
days
the
Comm.
ix,
treat
it is recommended
sores.
the
Theo-
(H.
induce
to
it to
L.
medicine.
faculty.
ill-conditioned
application to
in
refer
Polypodhun,
or
all the
it
to
it kills the
foetus
to
reason
vermifuge
wine
belly.
every
and
Galen, Avicenna,
20.)
the
seems
with
destroys the
fcemina, Bernh.,
Filix
Asplenium
soften
eaten,
Commentary.
drunk
It also
worms.
leaves,when
Its
When
properties.
in all its
fern
137
as
of
an
Quincy
Dispensatory.
Bursa
so
a
flow
the
of
ischiatic
menses
bile
of
amount
injectedby
the
it relieves
anus
It otherwise
to
the
acetabulum.
an
holds
Sprengel
Commentary.
Thlaspi Bursa
is the
if
disease
purges
and
Pastoris.
that
the
Dioscorides
of
O.
Comm.
describes
another
'
the
Iberis
is either
Viola
umbeUata, or the
species,which
the Thlaspi as
a
laiifoJia. Pliny recommends
phlegmagogue
Dioscorides
and
cholagogue. (H. N. xx^di, 113.)
assigns it
the
character, and
same
Our
author
emetic
and
length
The
carminative.
late date.
See
but
therefore
suits
thirst.
When
libidinous
diluent
of
than
with
taken
dreams.
the
it is
Galen.
virtues
emmenagogue.
A^dcenna
of
dwells
at
Thlaspi, calling it
anthelminthic, emmenagogue,
held
a
Thlaspi arvense
place in the
characters
of
the
T., down
ancient
Lactuca, Lettuce, is
so,
that
also
all the
Dispensatory, with
to
the
upon
purgative,and
and
holds
closely from
copies
considerable
also
the
juicy and
potherb, yet
of
temperament
hot
in
cold
The
other, and
infusion
wild
it stops
lettuce
is also
more
spring
and
inflammations,
an
'
'
Dioscorides
is
not
water.
also
juicy.
It
quenches
gonorrhoea
less
tremely
ex-
cooling
and
and
138
SIMPLES.
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
The
'
"
wild
sativa
the
stated
in another
cultivated
the
L.
powers
of lettuce.
Athen.
(Deipnos,ii,80, ed.
Alim.
(De
Facul.
kind
virosa.
is
The
well
place,were
See
[book
certainlythe
ancients^
with
acquainted
Celsus
VII.
Lactuca
as
have
Ave
the
hypnotic
(ii,164);
Dioscorides
j
(ii,
32)
Schweig.); Pliny (xix,38); Galen
Geopon. (xii,13); Aetius
(i,168);
ii,40);
Floridus
Sjaneon Seth (De Alimentis); Macer
(De Herb,
vir.);
Serapion (De Simpl. ex Plant.) According to Dioscorides, it is
also anaphrodisiac,and removes
the
somni.
pollutio nocturni
One
of
and
Serapion^sArabian
of them
another
its medicinal
derived
from
highly
Rhases
but
in
be
all
of
and
mind,
its milk
nearly
and
in
hot
gives
the
an
of
purgative, and
Vienna,
that
years,
the
great
been
both
restored
of
works
of the
day,
stated
the
it
the
the
the
be
medicinal
also
that
the
in
sativa
that
makes
is
and
the
We
need
of
have,
late
reference
other
ancients
i,
Avicenna
Upon
and
1. ult.
Collin, of
poppy.
virosa
it to
hydragogue
late Dr.
Medica.
of both
vu-tues
its powers,
dropsies.
black
the
]Materia
seen
He
lettuce
speaks
2, 441.)
(ii,
eyes,
wild
an
mends
recom-
alexipharmic. (Cont.
will
He
Avicenna.
success
L.
the
to
soleil.
descriptionof
and
main
watchfulness,
excellent
as
the
and
plant,
of
scarcelysay
is in
nature, in
de
mention
may
it with
gave
the
says
we
hot
account
represents it to be
sedative
that
states
Avicenna's
affections
soporific,anaphrodisiac,
Dioscorides
He
coup
terms
same
jaundice;
unpleasant effects
but
interesting,
say,
in
it in
dispelsthe
Galen.
complaints
likewise
386.)
to
is very
is to
that
it
commends
Dioscorides
it in
of
says
virtues
eminently cold,
alienation
that
intoxication.
produced by
of
authorities
authorities
had
correctly
species.
Gv/xog,
Thyme,
Thymus,
also incides
'
*
viscid
to
be
the
and
and
thick
We
have
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
heats
dries
Tliymus vulgaris.
authorities,down
of
it.
of desiccants
Galen
and
even
says
the
third
degree.
It
humours.
little hesitation
Dioscorides
and
expectorant, diuretic,emmenagogue,
the
in
to
modern
it is to be
calefacients.
He
in
states
describing it
that
discutient
times,
thyme
;
this
confirm
placed in
recommends
the
and
third
it
as
is
all
racter
chaorder
being
SIMPLES.
140
Commentary.
CoMM.
Chamelcea
The
of
the
three
Dwarf
Laurel,
in
woods
the
will
place.
melsea
of
"
whose
ancients
fruit
which
grows
of
Chamelfea,
the
is
is the
is the
kokkoq
the
in
its
effects
will treat
We
3.)
Idsea
it
Daphne
Root
its
ThyMed.
the Mat.
Dr.
Pereii'a
sour
For
under
says,
may
be
and
Pereira,
seen
D.
(Toxicol,ii,
Coccus
rheumatic
and
the
account
an
gnidius.
and
to taste
as
of
those
Orfila
see
Airtues
being
hemorrhages
applied externally.
As
or
flax-leaved
or
on
it.
the
that
Gnidium, L.,
economy,
of its medicinal
Commentary.
CoMM.
Flax,
with
or
grows
]Mezerion, in
or
best authorities
respecting
animal
Idcean
Radix,
agrees
drunk
the
on
femina
of France.
south
decidedly of opinion
is
conclusion
same
Laureola
or
similar
to
Hippocrates. Its properties are
Mezereon."
(Elements of ]\Iat. Med.
807.)
of
are
L.
or
Gnidium
Daphne
There
Sprengel
one
the
Chamelffia^
Mezereon,
further
the
the
to
the
2d,
Wail,
treat
daphne, and
Germany;
proper
comes
or
Widoiv
Mountain
matter
lowing
fol-
the
by
L. Mas,
or
officinalis,
Spurge Laurel, Avhich grows in hedges and
true
plentifullyin
partly removed
given by Alston.
vii.
and
tlie Thymelsea
about
be
may
Laureola, 1st,
England
namely,
We
the
of
species
confusion
ancients
of
account
[book
powers,
affections
when
referring to Bauhin,
upon
'
'
Woodville,
have
but
been
the
the
bowels
(iv,44.)
like manner,
the
far
as
and
Pliny
xxvii,69.)
As
to hold
disposed
this
translates
borrows
we
Arabians
the
and
even
in the
from
the
Mat.
Idsea
days
authorities
the Arbutus
Uva
Ursi
Alexandrina,
recommends
it in
of
Galen
descriptionof
discover
can
his
the
Laurus
chapter
copies from
author
Our
the
the
of
in all kinds
and
womb,
several
plant for
Uvularia
from
Sprengel,
of
the
and
or
fluxes
hemorrhage,
Dioscoiides.
;
(H.
N.
Oribasius,
plant
Radix
is not
of
jNIatthiolus
from
treated
it had
in
him.
of
by
appeared
dis-
Med.
IcOLOC.
Sudor,
Sweat
it is troublesome
to
collect
by
itself ; but
SIMPLES.
m.J
SECT.
is mixed
witli tlie
palestra,which
the
becomes
for inflamed
It
them.
also
softened
be
Sweat,"
animal
mode
from
is, therefore,
for
extinguishing the
with
Galen,
of
bihous
some
these
(De
of the
nature
close
Med.
of the
to
in
Thus,
often
tu'inous
an
of
account
Galen.
All
(1.c.)
from
him.
Avicenna
See
therefore,
account
certain, bear
vicarious
the
But
is
sweat
charges.
dis-
tion
perspira-
this
subject. Our
authorities,in
the
to
is not
author's
taken
from
like manner,
copy
Simpl. 466),
and
is
the
with
heating
humours
but
Thapsia,
It attracts,
acrimony.
powerfully,
is
much
and
is
cutient,
dis-
inefficacious
more
it.
Loranthus
The
Europaus,
place
to
in
the
is found
recommends
the
or
mode
it
of
principallyas
tumours
applicationto
caustic
the
ley (quicklime and
its
eflBcacy.With
an
and
shrubs.
got
from
the
Comm.
'
querciuum
earliest
that
tree, and
birdlime
other
Pliny
times
trees,
describes
xvi,94.) Dioscorides
(H.
agglutinativeand attractive
N.
sores.
potass)he
orpiment
the
mentions
pear
of certain
preparing it.
indolent
from
Dioscorides
the
is
Yiscum
The
INIedica
apple tree,
roots
Birdlime,
or
jNIisseltoe.
jMateria
the
upon
ordinary
Yiscum,
late date.
very
propertiesof
deep-seated
the
Commentary.
down
bodies
it is
particularSerapion (De
in
Birdlime,
like
held
this
the
formed
ingenious
smell.
upon
'
elaborated, as
often
are
and
taste
other
the
and
'
"
2, 648.)
(ii,
Viscum,
than
medicinal
the
very
the
having
are
suppression of urine,
the
the
of
cases
in
acquiring also
more
urine, which,
another,
one
and
intervening
is
in
it must
formed
both
for
is
sweat
This
and
sweat
fluids
urine,
many
Simpl. x.)
analogy
has
so
heat
Perspu'ation.Comm.
materials, and
the
powerful
dry
of
being heated,
But
in
roses.
the
same
the
as
if too
matter
of
the
formation,
property.
the
one
but
oil of
or
is
"
liquidsdrunk,
the
buboes
privet or
body, consistingof
same
tliemselves
nipples,and
Siveat,
says
exercise
It
oil of
Commentary.
"
who
discutient.
answers
with
those
altogether
remedy
of
powder
141
and
When
says
mixed
birdHme
saudai'ach, and
with
creases
in-
applied
'
*
SIMPLES.
142
in
CoMM.
cataplasm, it
draws
off
[book
diseased
nails,
vii.
Galen
93.)
(iii,
'
'
remarks
into
immediate
of this
Avicenna
in the
not
come
authorities,in treating
and
and
(ii,2, 717),
is retained
album
other
Dioscorides
substance, follow
Yiscum
The
operation.
do
powers
Galeu.
Ebn
Baithar
modern
in
See
ticular
parThe
(i,410.)
Greek
Pharmacopoeia.
'I
CoMM.
"
'
'
There
it
in ardor
is the
Viola
epilepsy of
children,
externallyin the
Ai'abian
authorities
A^icenna
recommends
and
extend
diuretic, and
as
the
of
a
of from
Ebn
three
may
render
by mixing
the
medicine
common
Greek
kind, and
Pharmacopoeia
Galen
Dioscorides
recommend
describes
The
the
was
the
merely
commends
re-
The
tliis article.
Thus,
stomach, both
nally
inter-
the
kidneys
See
also
(i,170.)
drachms.
without
Rhases
it is laxative
the
quality to
only
as
Serapion, on
fui'ther of it that
little of it with
detergent
it
That
indisputable.
seems
bitter
internallyin
Dioscorides.
of
pains
seven
lapsus
pro-
coughs, pleurisies,and
corrosive,not
but
Co:mmentary.
CoMM.
in
Baithar
to
discutient,cathartic,and
flesh
for
Mesuai, says
iErugo, Verdigris,has
hard
the
and
eyes,
Galen
as
of
calls
application
taken
2, 715.)
cholagogue. (ii,
authorityof Aben
in doses
the
been
of
syrup
;
of
cases
purple
violet,see
external
an
use
heat
lungs
same
the
Dioscorides
(iv,120.)
the
it in
externally; in
affections
stance
sub-
(Hierobotanicou in
H.)
as
it
other
H.
and
and
quinsy
coldish
that the
On
Celsius
stomach, inflammation
doubt
no
or
Odorata.
of the
ani
and
be little
can
voce
and
watery
interestingdisquisitionby
most
the
have
prevailingingredient.
violet of Dioscorides
a
its leaves
taste, being
of soft but
much
also of
cerate,
one
pungency.
jErugo JEris,
or
A'erdigiis,
is still retained
in the
modern
minutely
the
process
for
preparing
SIMPLES.
111.]
SECT.
which
verdigris,
in
is not
He
France.
gives
He
it is
which
gated
sores
and
which
call
they
other
authorities, they
ulcers
and
739), and
44) ;
Ebn
of
of
the
now
and
subtiUs,but
it
and
it with
relieves
funthem.
the
kinds,
two
almost
borrow
Like
Galen.
Avicenna
See
the
intractable
principally in
eyelids.
in
cases
of
the
'
quainted.
unac-
the
give much
fully of
treat
apply
species_,
also writes
Dioscorides
from
diseases
are
authorities
Greek
rasilis
Greek
in
we
'
'
another
cerates, it cleanses
with
Arabians
JErvgo
all tlieii-information
which
practisedComm.
now
lightlyapplied it
diluted
of it. The
account
of
Galen
when
says,
The
an
when
is
interesting account
applicable,(v,92.)
great precision. He
Trhich
mention
makes
Scolecia, with
^rugo
the
namely,
that
unlike
very
also
143
(ii,2,
(Pract. ii,
Hippocampus,
is
thicken
the hair
Commentary.
It
burnt
^lian
ccnnpvs.
animal, the
sea
ashes
in
with
alopecia,along
is,indisputably,our
that
relates
it has
which
liquidpitch.
proved useful
xiv, 20.)
(Hist. Anim.
The
Arabians
Dioscorides
(ii,
3.)
when
SyngnatJius HippoOur
hydrophobia.
from
of
do
in
author
Comm.
of
cases
borrows
of it.
not
treat
in
marshes, being
ImroXaTTaOov,
Hippolapathum,
This
CoMMENTAKY.
articlc,which
HydrolaputJium, is treated
Rumex
by
Burdock, grows
Burdock.
the
like
Horse
the
other
authorities.
See
would
of
in
the
Dioscorides
same
be
to
seem
brief
the
Comm.
terms
(i,141.)
].TnroixdoaOQOV,
Horse
Ilippomarathrum,
the Cachrys is more
It
but
Fennel
desiccant
variety which
than
the
that
species which
has
seed
respects, but
Commentary.
There
species is
author
the
Cachrys
like
bles
resem-
Fennel.
common
and
is,therefore, astringent,lithontriptic,
like it in other
Our
that
emmenagogue
coriander
seed, is also
weaker.
is
Sicula.
little
The
doubt
other
Dioscorides
that
the
former
is undetermined.
(iii,
76)
and
the
Comm.
'
'
'
SIMPLES.
144
follow
otliers
CoMM.
'
"
'
liis
borrow
manner,
[book
modern
The
example.
Dioscorides.
from
herbalists,in
Parkinson
See
tii.
like
(884.)
'
"T
iTTTrOTTOTOJUOg,
Hippopotamus,
Sea-horse
remedy
for the
is
drunk,
This
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
"
phibius,
'
Most
of
bites
notice
brief
the
authorities
other
dried
and
reptiles.
of the Hippopotamus
from
AYater-horse, is taken
or
of
testicle, when
its
Dioscorides
omitted
have
am-
(ii,25.)
it.
fTTTTOtyEXtVOl',
Hipposelinum,
those
parsley,but
CoMMEXTARY.
CoMM.
'
of
Horse
has
Parsley,
propertiesresembling
weaker.
It is the
Smyrnium
Olusatrum, according
to
'
Dioscorides
as
of
it
beneficial
in
brieflyhke
Selinum
under
it to
represents
proving
treat
be
rigors, (iii,71.)
author.
our
that
on
desiccant, without
the
defluxions
'
"
to
when
E.
both,
Dioscorides.
The
the
Equisetum
Avicenna
and
in
Aetius
Arabians
others
of
treat
as
it
ness,
bitter-
powerfully
intestinal
and
hernia,
wine-
the
Dioscorides
treats
Fhiviatile
Horse-tail.
recommends
recommends
corresponds
Equisetum
the
English
latter,who
time
same
in
Galen, especiallythe
Dioscorides
the
agglutinant, therefore, of
speciesof
Apuleius
blood.
But
first
with
is marked
Limosum.
spitting of
useful
drunk
is called
the
It is
is
The
Sprengel, which
is the
and
author's, and
our
and
Galen
astringent qualitieswith
pungency.
Commentary.
CoMM.
diuretic,and
it is at
account
largest wounds,
cures
authorities.
[Apium.)
Hippomis, Horse-tail,has
and
The
best
and
emmenagogue
'T
LTnrOVOLQ,
"
all the
it in
it in
from
of it
The
by
other
dysenteryand
the
same
plaints.
com-
Dioscorides
and
fullythan
more
Arabians
of
account
give exactly the same
they professto borrow everything from
See in particularSerapion (137),and
indeed
Galen.
(ii,2, 200.)
iTTTTO^oEg
J/
HippophaeSj
used
for
\~7r
scouring
0(paioc,
clothes.
It
is
branchy
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
shrub,
the
like
those
the
flour
of
root
of
which
145
contains
obokis
One
Thapsia.
juiceswhich
of
the
extracted
are
juice mixed
with
of tares, purges
to
with
agree
those
who
refer it to
species of
Comm.
*~^
spurge,
describes
it as being
namely, Eypfwrbia spinosa. Dioscorides
cholagogue,hydragogue, and phlegmagogue. (iii,
159.) It does
not
that it is treated
of by Galen, nor
appear
by the Arabian
authorities.
'Ip/cis calefacient,consists
Iris,Fleur-de-Iys,
and
with
is
detergent
coughs,
cleanses
ford
the
renders
ulcers.
and
Probably
Dioscorides, who
saying that
phai-mic;
of
in
and
it
water
cuates
eva-
as
Avicenna^s
Iris
Germa-
treated
of
first article
speciesof
of
it
as
an
it,and
useful
are
by
by
concludes
for many
external
'
^
poses.
pur-
apphcation
as
in
alexiand
others
in obstructions
sternutatory
characters
Comm.
less
]\Iesuai,says
a
the
'
is the
ulcers,and
Avicenna.
is deobstruent
it
tormina,
honeyed
comprehends
them
and
virtues
and
Aben
and
ticles,
par-
agrees
and
being soporific
drunk
with wine
as
proving emmenagogue,
The
pessaries,malagmata, and acopa.
when
its
Serapion
therefore
cures
easy,
with
full account
recommends
applied
treat
different
diseases
it
It
gives a
the
He
also
drunk
/. Florentina.
cutaneous
digestive.
expectoration
When
It
subtile
bowels.
Commentary.
nica
and
of very
and
of the
of the
liver.
He
masticatory. (De
Iris
in the
are
main
also
tions
men-
Simpl. 189.)
derived
from
Dioscorides,but
teresting.
altogetherhis descriptionof it is very inHe
recommends
it very particularly
in diseases of
the rectum
and uterus, both when
administered
internallyand
in
a
also represents it as
hip-bath. He
proving useful in
and
in
the
He
gonorrhoea,
somni.
cludes
conpollutio nocturni
by calhng it a general alexipharmic (ii,
2, 31-9.) The
of
root
the
the
Florentine
practice of
Boerhaave.
ni.
medicine
Iris
down
It is still kept
Flower
or
to
in the
de
Luce,
late date.
shops, and
See
has
used
was
Quincy
the
10
in
and
charac-
SIMPLES,
146
of
ter
CoMM.
being
drastic
[book
Gray, Suppl.
hydragogue.
vir.
Pliar-
to
'
'
It
(251.)
'
macop.
retains
in
place
Modern
the
Greek
Pharmacopoeia.
laciTig.
Isatis, Woad
desiccative
of these
is
the
hemorrhages,
pungent, and
more
purposes
it is useful
and
Isatis
Isatis Tinctoria.
is
also
The
Our
spurious.
Galen, who
has
Glastum
seu
internallyas
the
commends
the
47)
and
indigo
reason
certain
with
strong.
Of
of
of the
pounded
Arabians,
the
the
joins Hhases
for the
cough
Woad
held
together
ancient
of
head
give a
children,
confused
(De Simpl.
pensatory
Dis-
dyeing,
articles
being
He
spleen,
place in our
Quincy (91.)
in
use
mending
recom-
bile.
of the
of Indicum.
See
two
in
black
Rliases
head
date.
these
its
the
used
Aetius
authorities
of it under
Serapion and
recent
long
were
is the
together by
to
probably
abridged from
these
species in affections
The
is
this head.
mixed
account
emetic
wild
Isatis is
Galen, and
Isatis,under
the
Virg.
It is the
passage
pleurisyarisingfrom
too
et
an
lungs, and
(Ad
Gerard.
Both
be
to
sativum
and
the
Galen.
accurate
Dioscorides
it
of
most
called
is
Woad
article under
otherwise
are
its strong
to
tincture."
of the
account
barleymeal
they
follows
account
"The
blue
elaborate
gives the
Avicenna
further
second
an
or
when
leaves
desiccant, it
more
closelyfrom
bread
direct
ulcers
affords
author^s
he
says,
wild
The
spleen.
the
of Nil
Martyn
means
swellings,
diseases.
being
account
of hard
cedematous
malignant
of the
Glastum, and
is of
use,
large wounds
discusses
affections
Dr.
Ec.
that
on
in
Commentary.
CoMM.
the
but
strongly resists all humid
gangrene,
it is worse
as
being pungent.
Owing
more
powers,
of all
progress
dyers
astringency. By
some
agglutinateseven
in
use
opposes
the
it
powers
which
garden species
bodies, is of
and
the
"Woad
which
bably
pro-
confounded
authorities.
l(Toirvpov
j; ^acrtoXoi',
Isopyrum
or
?)
its seed
is bitter
and
SIMPLES.
148
Aetius
CoMM,
'
from
copies
Galen
[book
-word
almost
word.
for
The
vii.
Ara-
'
bians
fully
treat
See
masters.
319,
677)
122.)
In
but
iu the
(Cont. 1.
Rhases
(De
modem
Greek
stand
alba
It
well
answers
'
"
author
for the
of
described
got
from
was
the
Herodotus,
work
of
Antacseus,
See
the
modern
Greek
the
Huso, IchthyocoUa
It would
He
to be
appear
mention
makes
the
The
of
supply
it under
the
the
Paulus.
as
1. ult.
gluten
the
same
the
as
varieties
A.
(H.
makes
of
from
The
recommend
Hhases
xvii,32.)
(ii,2, 202)
treat
recommend
Serapion (c.138)
count
ac-
Dioscorides.
Arabians
it in
the
carens.
author^s
isinglass.Our
aud
Huso.
tuberculis
^han.
of
name
be
mostly copied
our
fish described
on
Artedi
Acipenser
gluten,
for
commentary
(83.)
information.
of
head
or
large
under
to
glutinati
ag-
and
it in
and
Serapion
Avicenna
See
the
his
the
of
o^upu'y^oc
additional
general
cases
same
caUs
vii'tues is
no
The
in
Antacaus
he
of its
of its medicinal
others
Huso.
desic-
prepared
Dioscorides
by
Pharmacopceia
species of Acipenser,which
Salix
face.
the
geographer,
and
(i,
the
cephalic and
are
from
probably, nearly
most
was,
both
of
which
Eustathius,
the
Dionysius
(ii,2,
Baithar
emplastic and
are
Acipenser
and
Ebn
'nea.
those
That
Grecian
A^icenna
composition
wrinkles
bv
the
ancient
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
2, 250)
its powers
plasters, and
leprosy;
ult.
their
as
Pharmacopoeia
for the
IchthyocoUa, Fish-give ;
cant.
terms
same
Simpl. 136)
Serapiou
the
fragilisand
of it
aud
haemoptysis.
Rhases
(Cont.
i,336.)
Kaicai'oc,
; its root
Cacanus
also
windpipe
and
canth
CoMM.
in
linctus
We
are
it reheves
hence
with
desiccative
wine,
and
and
roughness
chewed
when
not
like
gent,
punof
the
traga-
liquorice.
It is not
Theophrastus, Aetius,
Paulus
moderately
emplastic, and
Commentary.
and
is
nor
has
or
any
by Dioscorides, Pliny,
mentioned
any
one
unable, therefore, to
other
of the
ancient
author
commentators
determine
anything
but
Galen
noticed
for
it.
certain
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
respecting it.
But
medicinal
the
same
the
Cacanus,
it
the
to
powers
and
Pliny
Cacalia
evidentlyborrows
ascribe
nearly Comm.
author
our
as
that
improbable
not
author
Our
identical.
Dioscoricles
as
seems
149
have
they
may
from
Galen.
'
'
does
'
to
been
KayKajuov,
it is the
Cancamum;
of
tear
used
Dioscorides
Commentary.
It has
in
perfumes.
detergent and
is
and
wood, resembhng
Arabian
an
power
deobstruent.
portion of
of it in the
treats
the
his
Comm.
'
devoted
work
having
wood,
in
the
Of
Med.
it is most
that
given
in
Arabian
an
which
used
was
calls it
emmena-
and
asthmatic, epileptic,
in
cleanser
as
diseases
Galen
has
Avicenna
it from
omitted
is the
of
his JNIat.
has
who
authority
of a bad taste
distinctly.He calls it a gum
the region of the west.
of
which
is brought from
(This account
the country which
suspicion that he
produces it may warrant
of it most
treated
or
it with
confounded
had
He
Spain.)
sandaracha
other
some
of
says
it,that
vernix?).
(gum
In
the
gum,
had
some
giving its
production
of
confounded
it with
Dioscorides
(ii, 2, 382.) It
copies closely from
from
this imperfect description of the
Cancamum,
it appHes to ; probably either to Gum
anime
There
elemi.
have
done,
seems
Lacca
to
Katef, as
Amyris
good ground
no
to
nor
Sprengel
some
does.
Italy
virtues,he
medicinal
is
doubtful,
what
stance
sub-
to
or
Gum
for
referringit, as some
nondescript speciesof the
(Ad
1.
Dioscor.
c.)
Kao^ita,
Cadmia,
which
and
is called
the
the
bodies, which
for
both
kinds
Botryitis,consists
desiccant
also useful
in
Placitis,of
becomes
and
Calamine
and
sores
whole
are
require stronger
the
grosser.
of it
of the
desiccant, but
are
more
When
detergent, without
subtile
calamine
more
means.
humid,
for
those
burnt,
it
and
is
pungency,
that
particles,
is
the
on
harder
'
'
applicablefor fungous
particularly
(i,23.)
Arabians,
of
tear
He
storax.
it is useful
says
toothache,
and
it is
the
myrrh,
to
and
myrrh
that
;
eye ; but
gums
with
mentions
splenetic cases
the
resemblance
some
fumigations
gogue
aromatics, calling it
to
eyes
softer
bodies
SIMPLES.
150
Commentary.
CoMM.
[book
this head
Under
do
cannot
we
VII.
than
better
'
'
in the
first
the
by
has
learned
been
Ka^l^dm
the
out
of
he
were
of
latter
or
Oxydimi
which
the
varieties
Cleavland's
distinct
he says
was
ore
an
mouths
the
at
and
coarser
of
former
the
same,
Capnifis
heavier
calamine,
grains.
of
cadmia
called
now
naces,
fur-
by
"the
Dioscorides
oxide
of zinc"
description
of
the
and
in
being
of the
preparations
and
carbonate
siliceous
'
mentions
this
these
all
two
which
island
Plinj^,besides
Galen,
impurmn.
consistingof
from
mineralogists"the
very
Galen.^^
Tutty,
Zinci
prepared, are
and
made,
in the
found
and
cerosus,
the
See
Lapis
was
was
is the
minerals
gives
of
lapidosa of
cadmia
of zinc."
while
stony.
or
Dioscorides
of
name
Cadmia
and
were
brass
substance
\iQm^i]q
terms
copper
factitia. It
native
cadmia
the
of which
The
arise from
which
other
the
which
by
shape
by
clustered
the
understood
in
factitious
witli the
Cadmia
name
Dioscorides
things.
given
Galen
Cyprus,
Placitis
several
cadmia
The
"
GeofFroy.
accurate
recrements
brass
another
ancient
of the
account
melting
the
Dioscorides
of
and
applied to
the furnace.
from
the
place copy
which
cadmia.
he
commends
re-
dies
principallyin the composition of ophthalmic remeand is
of it is to the same
efl^ect,
(v, 84.) Galen's account
couched
in his peculiarlogicallanguage. (De Simpl. ix.) The
and
the other
Arabians
descriptionof cadmia
give a confused
substances
in medical
mineral
used
practice.
by the Greeks
Avicenna
'
Ka/cfcoXta,
Caccalia
CoMM.
its powers
Commentary.
See
and
are
use
like the
Cacanus.
Cacanus.
under
KaXa^mypwcrrJCj
Calamagrostis,is
decoction
of
ophthalmic
the
desiccative
roots
remedies
of
but
it
are
its seed
wherefore,
mixed
up
as
is diuretic
its
and
stomachic.
SIMPLES.
in.]
SECT,
decidedly the
is
This
Commentary.
151
'
Eoth.
when
cattle
to
describes
Plants,
bearing
growth ; which, he
forte Babijlonica. Neither
Arabians
The
brieflynotice it
of it.
Grameu,
Epigeios, but
our
Lobel
says,
Galen
nor
under
the
calls
of
mayrostis
Cala-
Aetius
Greeks.
the
from
but
merely copy
(De Simpl. 119), and Avicenna
or
to
luxuriant
more
species of reed-grass,
resemblance
considerable
'
variety which
(Theatre of
Parkinson
wavside.
by the
destructive
it proves
says
especiallythe
by them,
eaten
Babvlon
in
irrows
Dioscorides
Reed.
Small
or
treat
head
of Theil
See
Serapion
2, 704.)
(ii,
KaA"/tuv0r;,
Calamintha, Calamint, is of
in
third
the
much
mint
than
for it is
drying temperament
of subtile
degree, consists
stronger
and
hot
of wild
sort
mint.
It,
clears
aw^ay
"
'
"
aliud
nihil
mum
appellatur; tertium
chat."
Sprengel makes
I'herbe
du
be
to
the
Melissa
is
calamint
Aetius, and
it
Dioscorides
and
as
attenuating and
disease.
intermittent
when
given
with
agree
in
Our
corides,
Dios-
it
in
humours
hot
of
the
and
medichie.
expectorant
recommends
honey.
diseases
emmenagogue
elephantiasis,for
which
in
praising calamint
Dioscorides
salts and
it is
and
gross
in
useful
that
recommend
cutting the
fevers.
the
Melissa
proves
discutient
Aetius
All
Cataria,
They
recommend
the
third, the
medicine, which
acrid
joints.
the
herba
corides
first species of Dios-
the
Cretica, L.
secundum
nostra
est
Nepeta
Latino
and
Calamenthum
vulgare
quam
it
as
give rise
the
a
cure
to
of
vermifuge
'
SIMPLES.
152
CoMM.
and
Aetius
when
in asthmatic
very
but
it
to
elaborate
He
agrees
and
holds
with
said that
in
struent
praises it
Arabian
as
and
authorities
it
as
(v, 277.)
Dierbach.
in
also
It
The
used.
See
the
kinds
IMedica
the
late
KaAa^ioc
has
with
it
The
darts
'
ancients
in
are
and
is the
green
of
root
Commentary.
CoMM.
animals.
Toiu-nefort^s
See
are
retained
long
were
kinds
kind
one
have
still to
was
nearly
been
found
be
Gray's Supplement
of subtile
and
those
in
the
to
desiccant
and
particles,
it,when
prepared
phragmitis
is
is mixed
liver
for the
detergent,but
the
moderately cooling,and
it,when
of
extract
'
of
mends
recom-
venomous
is,therefore, diuretic,and
species called
leaves
degree.
"
It
The
the
other
the
apiviiiaTiKog,
remedies, and
womb.
He
Hippocratica.'' See
Flora
all the
stomachic
and
bark
of
It also consists
order.
astringency.
some
up
of
second
deob-
as
viscera.
recentlyonly
See
shops of apothecaries.
Pharmacopoeia (p.47.)
Calamus
poUutio
Celsus, who
moderns.
INIore
the
in the
'
Dispensatories,but
our
it
None
of calaminth
of
Of
Quincy.
from
discarded
the
of the
of
bites
the
in
(i,6, 4.)
Medica
Materia
in
occurs
three
INIateria
the
emmenagogue,
removes
mentastrum'^
"
remedy
masters.
so
is to
the
importance
Grecian
and
(ii,2, 154.)
lengthy
treat
be
to
appear
from
obstructions
stomachic,
calamint, that
would
his
it is diuretic
other
anything
applied
calamint
of
of
and
it is also
gives
He
and
species
and
anaphrodisiacal,
it is
jaundice
three
drew
Galen
that
agree
Avicenna
adds
he
he
that
them
that
All
the
of
vrhich
somni.
nocturni
abortion.
it.
internally
taken
vit.
calamint-water,
in
vrorms
complaints.
be
information
the
when
account
hardly
can
kills
ear,
it procures
pessary,
and
the
affirm that
both
beneficial
authorities^say that
the
into
injected
Dioscorides
on
of
otlier
[book
desiccant
applied with
the
in
third
bulbi, is said
to
thorns.
Having
above
Pseudacorus,
Acorus
stating that
shown
we
agree
with
we
the
that
need
older
the
have
acorns
of the
tation
little hesi-
authorities,who
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
present article
the
refer
153
Dr.
Calamus.
tlie Acorus
to
Royle, Comm.
'
The
and
(j"oayi.uTr}^
Phragmites,
Ariindo
them
especiallythe
latter.
desiccative
that
holds
he
they
do
not
the
doubt
no
occur
The
collection.
as
and
Although
aromaticus.
is
found
now
in
occurs
growing
as
get it
would
Greek
modern
the
India,
of
native
Romans
the
likelythat
It
Alexandria.
through
being
as
of Celsus
Alexandrinus
states, it is
Dioscorides
them
Calamus
C.
virtues
other
and
diuretic, emmenagogue,
calami
reeds, borrow
among
commends
possess,
it is
copies mostly
manner,
Avicenna,
Thus
Dioscorides.
closelyfrom
more
volatility,
some
The
Galen.
which
Aetius, in like
the
that
aromaticus
of the
says
Galen, and
and
than
aromatics.
Galen
follows
author
Our
Dioscorides
given by
descriptionof
more
Reed.
Common
or
aroma-
(34) and
of Dioscorides
Calamus
Andropogon
the
was
Med.
Hindoo
See
ticus.
it
that
holds
however,
macopoeia,
Phar-
Laconia.
in
KojUTrai,
Caterpillar'
; those
Erucse,
with
said
oil, are
to
from
preserve
rubbed
potherbs, when
upon
of
bites
the
in
venomous
animals.
curately
described
Aristotle
(H.
A.
v,
of these
account
(ii,64.)
by
20), and
erucse
Cantharides; those
and
zones,
for
used
scabious
them
many
corrosive
with
and
diuretic
Commentary.
which
is found
Meloe
vesicatorius
relieve
For, with
remedies, and
is
corn
give them
and
Dioscorides
among
mix
Some
to
commonly
be
Galen
used
found
of them.
hot
vinegar,are
they
cast
small
off
They
afiections.
quantity of
in this form.
direct
the
medicinally.
upon
rides
Diosco-
pale,transverse
cerate,
scabious
clavi and
caustic.
of
steam
Comm.
author's
from
treat
wheat, have
the
ac-
also
See
v.)
for Avord
authorities
among
by
PI.
xi,32.) Our
N.
word
other
purposes.
nails,and
also
are
found
suffocated
being
Pliny (H.
is taken
of the
Few
(C.
Theophrastus
Caterpillar is
of
metamorphosis
The
Commentary.
trees, such
speciesComm.
As
as
the
the
'
'
aud
fraxinus, sambuchus,
CoMM.
'
[book
SIMPLES,
154
from
human
It
frame
that
be
agreed
now
of
all
by
is the
The
in
Medica,
See
vesicatorius.
of
Hindoos.
the
ancients
killingthem
with
with
up
leprosy,and
applied in
and
wings
we
feet
nearly
using only
he
cantharis
the
the
Foes;
De
Intern.
(199,
ed.
notices
(De
the
Curat.
Morb.
give
from
Avicenua
on
his
(ii,2, 201),
own
cantharides
are
and
in
the
is the
Chron.
the
Nat.
use
and
Rhases
first
of
See
(Cont.
The
Celsus.
far
as
as
as
facient.
rube-
Arabians,
information
we
in
they
1. ult.
are
565, ed.
of
author,
the
ed.
account
Mulier.
i, 162.)
administered
We
In
tioned
frequently men-
works
i, 4.)
Galen.
of
463,
(ii,
same
cantharides
nearly all
authority,affirms, that
cleanse the kidneys.
Instead
diuretic,
(De
external
the
body
and
buprestis
by Dioscorides,
treatises
552),
say,
safe
is to
of
the
mentioned
Cantharides
Ai-etseus
Milligau.)
who
know,
Affect.
Their
cantharis
give nearly
Galen.
as
Hippocratic
in
be
it to
Oribasius
and
Aetius
Basil.)
held
he
diuretics.
antidotal,that
insect.
whole
the
rides
cantha-
Dioscorides.
as
are
that
relate
of
tharides
can-
when
emmenagogue
adds,
be
feet,as
and
used
he
also
of the
terms
the
diseases,
cancerous
cure
operation
treats
same
wings
doses
moderate
of
the
that
says
the
Galen
the
hence
are
said to
counteract
to
calefacient,and
he
some,
further
are
says
dropsies,by acting as
in
65, 66.)
(ii,
very
and
pessary;
suppose,
insect,
in
Dioscorides
that
agrius; they
lichen
in
use
fly
The
prepared, namely, by
vinegar.
medicines
the
beneficial
are
of
fumes
the
tellini
ii, 417.)
medicinal
now
septic,ulcerative,and
are
mixed
Spanish flyis
the
as
the Meloe
than
Ind.
for
the
by
Dioscorides
It is the
(Mat.
cantharides
the
prepared
manner
same
Ainslie
See
ing
blister-
and
by
other
no
this work.
of
Book
is included
been
have
can
Mylabris
(Mat. Ind.,
Pereira
(1834.)
and
Med.),
also
which
Buprestis, however,
his Materia
Hindoo
of
judges
forming
for
alike.
competent
ancients
the
the
upon
much
very
is still used
Fusselini, which
M.
or
been
have
upon
cantharis
effects
their
yet
to
appear
medicinal
the
Cichorii
would
to
appears
aud
cantharis,
ancient
the
evidently ditfereut
it is
ligustrum,
vii.
rather
in small
Rhases
doses
surprised to
[book
SIMPLES.
156
Caparis, Caper-tree;
discusses
indurated
It
acrimony.
It
also
It
therefore
sourness.
and
when
occasions
and
cures
applied externally.
discharge of phlegm.
pains of
relieves
ulcers, and
contracts,
the
teeth,
The
in the ear.
alphos,and kills vermin
it are
possessed of similar powers,
and
of
fruit
and
its
drunk
emmenagogue,
dispelstumours
leaves
and
by
ill-conditioned
cures
purges,
-when
spleens
It is also
deterges,
condenses
astringes, and
incides, and
its root
its bitterness
by
vii.
but
weaker.
'"
'
"
"
which
mention
that
thev
they
good
are
which,
capers,
of
gives a
very
he
the
bitterness,acrimony,
that
much
are
held
See
pharmic.
in
acrid
more
Arabians
The
and
produced
capers
article
best
medicine
that
H.
are
sess
pos-
it clears
as
of
combination
by stating
Arabia,
as
Simpl. ^-ii.)
(De
country.
of
also acts
climates, such
his
capers
we
says
and
concludes
He
(Contin. 1.
Rhases
says, is
wai-m
in
than
that
virtues
which
spleen.
by urine,
sourness.
very
the
on
He
taste, he
Their
held
say
enlargement
by the belly and
humours
Serapion
Arabians
The
elaborate
the
are
says,
emmenagogue.
an
the
plant
as
of the
in scu-rhous
away
capers.
act
and
Dioscorides
stomach.
the
whetters
Galen
i, 337.)
for
bad
are
the
Capparis spinosa,namely,
It is the
CoMMEXTARY.
CoMM.
aphrodisiacaland
alexi-
i, 164^),A^-icenna
2,
(ii,
ult.
Serapion (c.291.)
138), and
Kaooa^oCj
d-ess
Nasturtium,
cides
the
also
""^^^
it is
is
It
food
article
of
mostly
derived
that
venereal
it
its powers
desires.
I.
it therefore
with
other
We
Our
treated
author^s
Seth,
iSIacer
aphi'odisiacal.
are
equal to
Dioscorides
those
calls it
of
the
cress,
pro-
raw.
of
it
says,
rue
most
on
for
as
of
account
with
things.
but
powers,
is eaten
have
Symeon
Galen.
from
rubefacient, in-
proves
similar
like mustard.
indisputablya species of
was
Book
in
authorities,calls
sativum.
Lepidhim
the
possessedof
moderate
more
Commentary.
bably
is
herb
caustic
drunk
when
humours
thick
dried
the
juicy one
CoMM.
of
applied externally,therefore, it
When
And
seed
the
of
the
an
it is
the
trary,
con-
repressing
alexipharmic,and
says
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
of
it, that
It
occui's
fumigations
in
157
driA^es
it
Comm.
reptiles.
venomous
away
'
'
Arabians
that
agree
(ii,
2, 502),
it evacuates
bile both
aphrodisiac
it is
until
and
intestinal
now
and
as
far
we
as
with
identical
scientific
the
got
varieties
several
however,
defined,
satisfactorily
by Pliny. (H.
and
various
coughs,
of
him.
follow
Avicenna
the
(ii,
2, 156),
and
greater
need
the
and
lesser,a
for various
is used
eben
known
it is well
purposes
epilepsy,
guarded
more
describes
stiU
at
See
Serapion's
species,
two
AVe
recognized.
the
in
authorities
of
One
in this
both
it for
day,
present
country
and
in
East.
distinction
32),
Dioscorides.
imitate
Amram,
tioned
men-
Ind.
for
Greek
other
not
alexipharmic
an
is
being
are
(Mat.
as
Serapion (c.64.)
and
that
scarcely add
the
Comm.
are,
recommends
Galen
rather
Arabians
The
authorities, Isaac
Arabian
all
its
species
internally;
(i,5.)
time
There
four
Dioscorides
enumerating
doubt
Ainslie
ischiatic
present
which
the
See
destroys
Cardamomum,
cardamom
than
694.)
it
ancients.
the
the
more
lithontripticmedicine,
and
the
of
the
to
reason
no
the
than
scabies.
away
Elettaria
externally and
both
pui-poses,
is
'xii,
29.)
N.
]Med.
(Mat.
Pereira
any
which
of
of
name
cardamomum
the
weaker
acrid,but
cardamom
there
see
can
See
Dispensatory.
A-inegarclears
officinal
The
that
(^Nasturtium),
cress
our
1.
They
downwards,
bitterness, by
some
with
and
worms,
Commentary.
has
also
It has
Cardamus.
(Cont.
'
Quincy.
is also
Cardamum,
Cardamomum,
Ehases
and
The
into
The
Serapion (c.359.)
upwards
admitted
lately,was
very
and
alexipharmic.
and
See
elaborately.
it veiy
A\dcenna
i,472),
ult.
of
treat
Dierbaeh.
See
Hippocratica.
Flora
the
in
root
of
bryony
Commentary.
when
triturated
and
drunk
with
it kills luml)rici.
The
squillabelongs
to
the
order
of
naXaKoa-
is
The
I, 91.)
suppose
(See Book
present article we
T^aKu.
of very cursorilyby the
It is treated
the
Cancer
Squilla, L.
other
authorities.
Comm.
158
SIMPLES.
[book
vii.
J^apKivog,
CVab
Cancer,
crabs
is
equally
cockles.
of
mentioned
dogs, as
with
when
rather
The
and
the
those
river-crab
would
The
be
to
appear
The
when
Dioscorides
Cancer
the
river-crab, we
feet
dote
to
and
anus,
the
bites
is the
recommends
the
of
of
work.
of this
efficacyin
known
other
authorities
imder
head.
this
with
milk
the
See
These
iii,42.)
ult.
fail when
of
additional
no
that
is beneficial
asses
fair
in
flesh
and
further.
had
he
The
trial.
of
Rhases
of
an
confidence
great
information
the
gives
affii'ms that
got
in
anti-
an
See
(ii,3, 147),
agree
most
hydrophobia,
with
he
as
also
them.
had
they
A\acenna
two
in
speaks
indeed
case,
supply
them
fish.
craw-
fissures
also
Galen
of
Galen
head.
river-crab
and
cancers,
account
this
them
use
crab,
this
application to
an
of
under
of the
animals.
the
Book
never
dies.
reme-
or
fluviatilis,
ashes
as
venomous
Galen's
their
and
of
Astacus
chilblains, and
Serapion repeats
of
them,
edible
large
treated
suppose,
interesting account
V, 3,
with
applied,ejectsthorns
Pagurus,
animal
sea
especiallyin hydrophobia,
the
sea-crabs
of desiccative
pulverised and
mad
by
of the
agree
in need
and
it proves
bitten
ashes
river-
of darts.
points
Commentary.
CoMM.
stand
of
urchins
sea
persons
indeed
not
that
substance
The
place.
who
the
its whole
applied to
in another
relieve
of
those
crabs,
burnt
of
peculiarityof
efficacious
wonderfully
ashes
desiccative
the
By
the
interest
(Cont.
1.
river-crab
the
phthisis.
Kaooj',
Carum,
third
Caravjay
degree
is carminative
Carui.
not
and
diuretic.
from
name
from
to
Caria.
(H.
the
N.
Serapion
of
Dioscorides
being
(c. 279),
i, 178.)
cordial
Avicenna
is desiccant
the
be
seed,
of
careum
calls
The
and
but
doubt
no
xxix, 49.)
taste, digestive,"c.
character
ult.
can
is evidently
Galen.
the
only
There
It
seed
and
Commentary.
CoMM.
*
the
it
and
also
the
that
it is the
whole
Pliny, and
Om-
in the
heating
author
plant
Carum
derives
its
copies closely
further
anthelminthic
(ii,2, 137),
and
give
medicine.
Rhases
it the
(See
(Cont.
1.
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
1.59
Kao7rj""Ttoi',
It therefore
clears
and
calculi
removes
their
of the
The
Cuhehce.
own
A-isceral
away
Commentary.
consists
and
Carpesiunij is aromatic,
particles.
obstructions, proves
diuretic,
kidneys.
Arabians
identified
Rhases
(Cont. 1.
See
subtile
of
this substance
with
Comm.
i,242), Avicenna
ult.
will show
in
Serapion (c. 188.) But we
(ii,2, 131), and
mistake
their part.
another
a
on
Nothing
place that this was
have
ascertained
has been
regarding it, and we
satisfactory
pleasure in dwelling
no
and
Dioscorides
on
the
upon
of the
conjecturesof
the
tators
commen-
herbalists.
Kapuoi'j
Nux
Walnut
Juglans,
shoots, but
rind
with
astringencyin
some
The
nuts.
becomes
honey,
without
of subtile
formed
them
from
swellingsand
detergent
called
the
of
is like the
devoted
merely repeat
or
walnut, and
evident
them
But
oil
discusses
from
the
austere, but
edible
The
rancid
are
age
Pontic,
in other
dietetics.
See
Book
I,
described
speciesof nuts
authorities
are
e\adently the
the
two
Nux
Galen's
from
spects
re-
Avellana,
filbert.
or
description of
them.
Nux
portion Comm.
We
shall
by Paulus
Juglans,
This
is very
Dioscorides
copies closely from him,
of the nuces
still more
circumstantially,
recommending
both
and
as
being vermifuge, and
internally
externally
ii, 88,)
treats
to
the
ancient
other
and
that
treated
have
We
work
our
the
large.
Commentary,
of
and
particles,
and
particles,
which
cine.
medi-
bile.
into
affections.
cutaneous
nut, is colder
slender
subtile
Walnuts
gangrenes.
prove
of
consists
but
pungency;
the
juice of them,
stomachic
burnt, consists
it,when
desiccant
becomes
and
of
has
tree
of the
bark
boiled
therefore, when
The
in the
more
the
Our
author
curing ill-conditioned
filbert,when
triturated
for
Arabians,
information
ulcers,and
under
the
this
with
cure
axunge
of
head,
many
or
little
bear's
diseases.
grease,
baldness,
do
other
more
than
condense
The
he
commends
re-
The
the
masters.
See
supplied to them by their Grecian
iu particularRhases
(ii,2, 42,
(Cont. 1. ult. i, 505), A\dcenna
Serapion (c. 1G2.) Serapion states that the nux
494), and
SIMPLES.
160
avellana
CoMM.
"
is useful
catarrhs^ and
in
'
'
of
alopecia.
Dioscorides.
[book
Here,
however,
Avicenna
and
he
applicationin
an
as
recommend
Rliases
cases
borrow
professes to
VII.
from
oil of the
the
in
expectorant.
Kapuo^uXAoi',
substance
the
which
not
Caryophyllum, Cloves; they are
their name
might imply, but, as it were, the flowers of a tree
which
are
brought from India; like chaff, black, nearly a
and
From
Commentary.
CoMM.
other
useful
purposes
medicines.
descriptionthere
author's
our
cannot
part in acknowledging it to be
the CaryojjhyUus aromaticus, L. [i.q.),Eugenia Caryophyllata,
be
least hesitation
desiccative
and
the
convinced
that
the
of
works
Oribasius,
Whence
in
nor,
short, in
drew
his
as
equally well
are
be
is to
found
in
of
it
cannot
describingit
After
states
it to
be
be
now
ance
acquaint-
correct
very
Paulus.
author.
preceding
any
display a
author, he
our
of
knowledge
in
Avicenna,
authority but
terms
We
tliis article
those
Arabians
The
Avitli it.
same
of
mention
no
Paulus
Greek
Clove-tree.
say, the
ascertained.
the
is to
that
Thunberg,
our
on
to
other
no
in much
hot
and
the
dry
in
third
the
in
which
he
CAddentlv
Galen
mistake, founded
into
Arabic.
to
the
cordial, aphrodisiacal,and
brought
dry, and
We
where
have
India,
from
are
not
they
been
are
effect that
able
treated
to
and
it is
of, there
is
translation
of
being
several
that
says
cloves
says
passage
from
stomachic, hepatic,
and
cordial.
find the
This
characters
digestive;
Rhases
Galen.
erroneous
gives its
(c.319.)
stomachic
both
some
on
then
He
authorities
Arabian
is taken
afiirms
are
(Ad Mansor.
in the
some
'
it
hot
is
and
iii,22.)
'
Continens
mistake
in
the
DIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
in
the
Avicenna.
of
marginal reference
caryophyllon that
161
it is hot
and
in the
dry
third
cordial ;
hepatic,and
Seth
Symeon
second,
tree, and
the
Comm.
'
'
or,
is
connected
of
says
perhaps,
stomacliic,
with
humidity,
for the bowels,
but
is bad
(c. 15.) The caryophyllon also
antidotes
of the
of Myrepsus. (c.22.)
Ebn
in one
occurs
Baithar,however, is the ancient authoritywho gives the fullest
he
of cloves, which
account
represents as being useful in
diabetes
removes
strangury, in black
and
He
coughs.
says in
aphrodisiac,and hence
particularthat
the
warm
holds
also
He
and
nausea
that
they
they
uterine
are
and
uterus
chronic
and
nation.
impreg-
promote
stomachic, carminative,
are
281.)
hepatic,(ii,
JLaaaa/iiov,
Cassamum
of which
some
we
say
that
under
treated
have
it is the
that
fruit of the
balsam-tree,
word.
K-aaata,
Cassia,is heating and
in the
desiccative
third
order, consists
is acrid, and
subtile particles,
sufficiently
of
is
It
Commentary.
the
was
same
(Hierobot. in
Celsus
affirms,however, that
in
(Comment,
the
be
it to
and
cinnamon
them
from
They
are
The
the
often
another, down
as
bark
shall show
(Mat.
rolled
Ind.
up
in another
35.)
into
to
even
bark
of
it
The
'
H.
gracilis.
H., makes
got the
in the
would
of
the
scientific
between
the
the
is very
Cassia
present times.
Indian
to
appear
bazaars.
have
moderns.
like
beea
ing
Accord-
cinnamon,
Fistula
'
the
in distinguishing
difficulty
ancients
odour
now
another
one
Cassia
the
Ainslie, the
fainter.
for
sold
with
Laurus
close connexion
occasioned
Rgnea of the
thing
same
III.
cassia has
has
The
Cassia,
one
Cassia
to
the
Cassia, which
Laurus
the
Comm.
Stackhouse
unacquainted
it to
Cassia
(ad Geopon.
Spreugel,in his R.
Theophrast.)
Cinnamomum
name
refers
He
ancient
Kiddah.)
were
tringent.
as-
discutient, imparts
Xeedham
voce
ancients
the
Cinnamomum.
Laurus
See
cinnamon.
our
as
vii,13), and
and
the
strength to
incisive
therefore
moderately
but
merely
was
The
Greeks, as we
fistula,or pipes.
place,were
unacquainted with tlie true
11
'
162
SIMPLES.
Cassia
CoMM.
Fistula.
Dioscorides
[book
describes
several
varieties
vii.
of
it
'
'
'
whieli
be
calls it
readilyrecognized. He
diuretic,desiccant, and mildly astringent,and
as
cannot
an
He
now
and
emmenagogue,
concludes
by saying
tliat it is useful
and
the
other
Greek
terms
same
in
and
Avicenna
under
for
powers
of
the
Arabians
ult.
says
in virtues.
He
The
the
of
absence
carpesium
described
be
may
and
in
double
when
and
part, even
in
cataphora
expels the
is
CoMM.
if
very
P.
they
as
and
is
and
being
substance
In
All
we
addition
the
the
for aS'ections
contained
genital organs.
in
of
It
all
at
state
affections
of
or
ancient
the
the
use
of
of
nerves
ceeding
pro-
readilywarms
moderate
fever, as
and
emmenagogue,
brain
authorities
beaver
castor
actions, it
ternally
applied exinjuring any other
inhaled
first to
the
excessive
when
and
in
lungs it
respiration.
describe
the
rectifythis
in follicles situated
The
that,
Pliny (xi,43).
also
of the
when
even
testicles of
believe,was
cassia
its other
to
It is likewise
remedy,
efiicacious
the
latter
states
desiccative,with
humours.
be
lethargy.
secundines.
Matthiolus,
of
should
The
of
drunk, without
Commentary.
Castor
dose
strong
in
occurs
Galen
are
it has
Celsus.
(v, 11.)
quoted by
in
collection
in
says
cassia
of
those
cinnamon,
it in diseases
is
authority
recommends
The
by Theophrastus (H.
from
fully.
circumstantially
namon
closelyallied to cin-
is
same
abortion.
used
it
joins Serapion
ranks
of
treat
Serapion^s authorities
Hippocrates,
cinnamon,
holding it
only Arabian
authority quoted by
(namely, Misib) calls it stomachic,
The
procuring
purposes.
of
describes
uterus, and
of
place
it
and
(i,12.) Galen
in nearly the
briefly,
it
he
attenuant.
Another
Serapion.
of
(Cont. 1.
head
this
hepatic, and
in
and
eyes
alexipharmic.
Rhases
works
All
and
nature
in
purposes,
cassia,which
of
of the
be
Paulus.
used
treat
recommends
otlier medicinal
kinds
in
be
for many
particularRhases
several
to
it may
authorities
as
See
for various
beatings
in
between
It
error.
the
hysteria is
anus
men-
[book
SIMPLES.
164
Dierbach
Commentary.
CoMM.
inclines
Holcus
the
to
VII.
Sorghum,
"
'
millet
called
authorities
refer
species of
other
the
principallyin
speak
Arabians
See
of
treat
of
in
down
much
to
prized by
Ainslie
Cedrus, Cedar
juniper, and
third
degree ;
without
pain ;
Juniper ;
the
oil
prepared from
the
therefore
It
the
hard
in the
gum
the
the
this
The
the
calls
oil
vernix, called
the
of
treat
by
the
or
juniper, that
Arabians.
it is useful
in
(i,105.)
Galen
headache
and
only
is
it
day
See
them, which
the
call
and
has
of
by
the
Appendix
says
it is calefacient
coughs, as
an
the
the
and
bad
is
stomach.
the
the
and
edible, but
the
cuss
dis-
will
we
come
Medica
Materia
for the
of
cedria
"VYe
fruit of
same
name
Book, when
into
of
the
the
the
Is the
this
emmenagogue,
fruit
by
Arabians
to
introduced
the
tree
larger
smaller
speciesof
lice,
powers.
species,the
two
the
other
many
dead
It kills
putrefaction.
of Pisselaon.
Dioscorides
of
the
they
particularlyof
apKEvOog was
pitch
substances
pain
in
readily,and
soft flesh
describes
sandarax
says
resembles
desiccative
and
flesh,more
ears,
that
by
question in
to
ferior
in-
very
it
this
To
communis.
Cedria, and
English Dispensatory
our
corrodes
from
Dioscorides
Pliny
genus.
Greeks.
nits, ascarides,worms
Juniperus
being
shrub, which
calefacient
preserves
being probably
the
are
and
Commentary.
The
practitioners of Hindostan.
CoMM.
not
it.
the
as
as
Quincy.
tree
upon
particles.
does
124.)
{?), or
cedraea,touches
subtile
native
but
See
it
it
in
of
prescribed
Galen
medicine, recommend
retained
was
the
it is
terms
of
(See
medicine, it is
that
same
speak
as
date.
the
the
all
late
Ind.
(Mat.
As
i, 532), A\dcenna
and
It
fomentation.
I.
the
treated
have
They
;
We
authorities.
much
1. ult.
food
Book
of
Italicum.
Panicum
fomentation
the
it in
Serapion (c.102.)
article
in
other
the
(Cont.
Rhases
the
Most
corn.
Parkinson.)
of
favorably of
very
Guinea
or
to
food
form
and
Dioscorides
by
of
articles
the
it
and
Spreugel^ Schneider,
among
Sorgo
the
cedar
stomach, that
alexipharmic.
apt
to
occasion
The
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
Arabians
and
He
from
Greeks.
the
original under
it
this
but
Cedrus,
Ebn
nearly all
Baithar
head,
(ii,94.)
Dr.
Sontheimer,
translator,
his
that
borrow
Even
this
Avicenna
See
Arabians
other
the
it.
fully of
treat
165
their
contains
We
information
little that
the
observe, by
it
marks
way,
the
as
is
Pinus
be.
clearlycannot
Ktl'TOKptOV,
Centaurium,
acrid
and
branches
the
Hence
mentioned
was
complaints
the
The
and
the
to
the
ad
other
Plinii
N.
H.
cases
head.
He
menstruation,
and
it
give
the
A^^cenna
characters
same
(ii,2, 158),
two
ounces,
the
centaury
with
virtues
oil
of
it
for
the
an
in
or
of
the
lesser
of
in
to
it.
of
Plants,
in
The
hydrophobia.
in
which
ancients
the
See
and
Sera-
recommend
the
had
According
the
amount
of
Avliole
there
form
Arabians
amount
a
produces
it
i, 176),
the
under
masters.
to
the
in
Galen
The
potion
has
Galen,
centaury,
of
1. ult.
as
Harduin
See
applied
likewise
clyster
describes
mistake
and
Grecian
Mesne
sesame.
extract
cure
and
sciatica,either
drachms,
for
in
in
him
when
(Cont.
Comm.
greater
greater centaury
their
the
'
the
(Theatre
abridges
as
Rhases
Serapion
into
vagina, (iii,
6.)
the
to
and
Pliny
fallen
foetus
expels the
collyrium (tent)
be
particularlyof it,that
very
says
great
ischiatic
L.,
to
Parkinson
who
author,
the
Parkinson, Sprengel,
See
the
pungency.
relief.
Theophrastus.
recommends
our
as
in
and
32,
xxv,
great
appear
have
but
injectionevacuates
Dioscorides.
to
chest.
powers,
in
Centaurium,
would
passage
no
and
an
affords
on
seem
Dioscorides
same
this
of
meaning
273.)
of
would
in
ancients.
the
commentators
sorts, but
three
of
centaury
of
in which
useful
given
Centaurea
Centaurium, Pers.,
Erythrcea
less
it
therefore
of the
without
cases
being
which
blood,
Commentary.
and
of
decoction
sometimes
and
possessed
those
as
It
affections
other
is
centaury
applicable in
are
is
great centaury
kills and
strongly desiccative,and
are
they
centaury
bile
small
of the
root
the
astringency.
haemoptysis, and
relieves
of
root
terrene
menstruation,
wounds,
the
with
heating,
promotes
The
Centaury
three
book
is
great
to
on
scription
prefaith
Galen,
166
it may
(who
CoMM.
"
SIMPLES.
be
well
[book
had
supposed
devoted
great
attention
bitterness
with
vii.
to
'
the
'
virtues),it
of its
study
astringeucy,and
in
obstructions
mentions
and
in
some
of bile.
He
fomentation
lesser
be
used
as
Medica,
characters.
hare
in
medical
by
foul
the
whole
ulcers.
teeth
The
applied, fastens
relieves
up
taken
The
Pereira
it
marks,
re-
might
tract
Serapion
It is retained
it
on
has
in the
must
given
modern
medicinal
our
author.
horn
and
It will
now
reduced
it for
to
which
of
is
cleaned
be
the
it in
that
and
horn
of
it
and
It is
bull,
the
the
terms
same
stag's
or
as
hart's
for the
preparation
the
spirit of
hartshorn.
in
burnt
until
aflections
that
when
Avicenna
red
of
times
when
lime.
the
deer
of
further
which
it become
the
treated
so
dropsy ; and,
jaundice, (ii,
2, 178.) We
was
blood,
Serapion speak
swelling of
it
of
The
that
called
calamine,
of
burning,
spoonfuls.
two
nearly
modern
readily understood,
remoA-ing
conclusion,
in
hartshorn
phosphate
recommends
horn
in
then
and
hemorrhages.
hence
like
after
remedies.
scarcely say
used
recommends
washed
of
progress
pulverised
amount
restrains
need
the
affection, spitting
ophthalmic
much
ammonia,
white,
when
horn,
Cervi, Harts-
restrain
when
horn,
propertiesof
We
Dioscorides
and
Dioscorides, Galen,
been
has
burnt,
the
to
aiyoQ,
K. t\u(f)ov,
Cornu
and
cseliac
in water,
the
in
of
gentian." (Materia
Galen's
'
iOOQ
teeth
given
with
Commentary.
he
Dr.
it retained
Quincy
form
still continues
practitioners; yet
of it.
hart's
dysentery,
mixed
when
of
the
ulcers.
as
anciently,since
when
loose
jaundice, when
of
Capri, Goatshorn,
cleanse
'
strongly in
evacua-
Pharmacopceia.
Cornu
CoMM.
aftections,
occasionins:
for
He
spleen.
obstinate
substitute
days
K,
"
the
nervous
Dispensatory, but,
great repute
of the
translation
also
and
some
deobstruent
Centaurium, Persoon)
our
the
of
bv
it
been
Greek
in
In
809.)
sciatica
as
for
potion
ill-conditioned
indigenous
an
scirrhus
recommends
is rarely nsed
"
it in
{Erythraa
place
and
it relieves
also
to
centaury
hold
to
hver
gave
clvster
possessed of
especiallyexcellent
the
of
that
that
tions
is most
is
hke
eves.
it is
prescribes
Dioscorides,
would
remark,
fui-uished
the
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
of
liartshorn
medicinal
1(37
ancients, but
tlie
that
the
moderns
Comm.
'
used
commonly
have
Cerasia, Cherries
"
stomachic, but
more
foul
stomachs, owing
affections
We
of
have
that
in
the
some
In
abridged
like manner,
of
account
to
with
them
calculous
Prunus
Cerasus,
in the
Galen,
that
when
unripe
portion
remarks
and
See
Galen.
sweet,
the
of them
account
Aetius
the
some
Comm.
in his work
great precision; he
author's
from
of the
gum
relieves
cherries
quality,in
Galen.
The
the
dietetics.
ancient
austere
copy
incisive.
austere
wine.
some
fact, our
from
'
pituitous and
with
trachea, and
the
prevails,and
acid
best
agree
unquestionablyis
of
instead.
laxative,the
more
are
being
their
with
devoted
the
others
acid
to
given
Simples, treats
on
the
This
work
our
sweet
drunk
when
Commentary.
L.
the
of
asperities
smoothes
tree
fallow-deer
the
(835.)
Medica
Materia
Hill's
See
of
horns
the
is predominant.
sour
is
in
and
manifestly
authorities,in
the
other
also
KepoTwi'ta,
it
are
{siliqucB)
with
astringentpowers,
and
of desiccant
of
fruit
the
certain
sessed
posshare
of sweetness.
It is
Commentary.
or
We
Carob-tree.
articles
of food
Materia
Medica
author.
who
See
193.)
terms
on
and
the
as
the
also
Our
i, 366.)
give
(juirea
therefore
the
name
herbalists
See
ancients.
and
place in
desiccative
relieve
the
is fullest
who
modern
Capita, Heads
the
the
those
power
as
of
the
same
characters
as
our
head
this
and
is
Siliqua. (ii,2,
Ilhases
(Cont. 1. ult.
nearly the
fissures about
the
same
an
inferior
article of
being very
anus,
food,
Pharmacopojia.
pickled herrings,when
without
Avicenna,
e.
i.
of it in
Greek
modern
the
on
Parkinson
in Asia
of it among
authorities
Carob,
treat
Siliqua,L.,
other
on
of
Continent
holds
nearly
it
Ceratonia
account
some
All
I.
Book
in
of it under
treats
given
have
writer
The
unquestionablythe
and
burnt,
acrid.
chronic
ac-
They
cases
of
Comm.
SIMPLES.
168
indurated
when
does
burnt
The
the
lifted with
that
say
and
head
dried
to
great
fingers, relieves
gouty
lizard
Commentary.
author^s
Our
of Heads
is taken
and
Dioscorides
Serapion.
and
under
not
of
general
honey
of
Galen.
treats
applied with
as
can
medicinal
the
Arabians
perties
proand
also Aetius
articles
like Galen
cessors.
suc-
from
copy
in
See
rately,
sepa-
his
and
merely
and
its
affections.
different
head
The
amount
an
See
the
without
kite
clavus.
account
from
bear's
They
sharp-pointed things,
extracts
myrmecia, acrochordon,
removes
with
of the
as
of
head
head
vii.
anchovy (sinaris),
applied
when
mouse
in water
three
the
of
The
drunk
the
of
head
alopecia when
in
thing.
same
feathers, when
CoMM.
entire
burnt, is useful
grease.
be
The
uvida.
[book
particular
Serapion (c.571.)
that
Galla, Gall;
medicine, and
the
rank
third
in
deficient
less
which
hard, and
solid
by
6.2.)
(iii,
Paulus.
two
mations
inflamburnt.
when
speciesof galls,of
perforations,and
it is
as
omphacitis, consisted
also
See
cant
desic-
styptic.
or
cupula of the
o/.i(paKtg,
the
large, is
aui
in
refrigerants.
it relieves
prolapsus
describes
pieces without
with
confounded
placed
other, inasmuch
become
kind, called
better
the
of
and
decoction
and
Dioscorides
Commentary.
second
It
parts.
It is to be
the
the
In
vinegar they
in
'
'
than
so
sour
very
debilitated
yellow, porous,
fundament
the
Extinguished
CoMM.
is
astringency.
of
"
desiccants, and
of
indeed, but
and
defluxion.
of
cases
sort, which
other
The
all
is
Omphacitis
proves
relaxed
astringes
also with
agrees
it
hence
and
contracts
called
sort
of
small,
is not
acorn,
be
to
mentioned
gallsnow
the
as
same
the
Pereira
used
much
were
in use,
as
fruit
and
the
of the
the
kind, sometimes
other
Dioscorides
European.
oak,
remai'ks, in the
an
error
works
of
Avhich
called
describes
is to be
Onocicce,
the
found,
comparatively recent
as
gall
Dr.
writers.
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
We
that
scarcelysay
need
the
1G9
is
excrescence
well
now
Comm.
ascer-
'
tained
productionof
the
be
to
which
it is wished
whenever
is indicated
use
medicinal
author's
dry. (ii,146.) Our
propertiesis mostly taken from
same
be
or
may
said
treating of them,
from
Rhases
(Cont. 1.
which
in
they give
(ii,2, 308),
particular Avicenna
i, 234), Serapion (c. 98.)
ult.
that
Arabians,
The
in
See
Greeks.
the
in
cases
description of their
Galen.
Nearly the
information
all the
borrow
'
strain,
astringe,re-
to
Oribasius.
and
Aetius
of
'
the
on
remark
the
with
applicable,concluding
galls are
their
Dioscorides
infedoria.
Quercus
hymcnopterous insect
treats
largelyof the
KrjTTta,
the
resembles
Cepea,
relieve
it, when
taken
strangurv
from
scabious
bladder
when
in
draught
with
drunk
and
rock
it in
of
leaves
The
Purslain.
fusion
in-
an
the
of
root
relieves
asparagus,
obstruction.
Little
Commentary.
of this herb
for certain
is known
but
Comm.
'
the
it is the
is,that
have
nor
of
been
we
able
to
Our
old
Arabians.
the
the
under
of
and
has
of
being
other
many
medicines.
of
regarding
INIateria
it very
and
Gerard
itself it is
calefacient
and
well
known
describes
very
so
of
treat
not
it
of it
account
it,
Medica
ingly
hesitat-
Parkinson.
the
forms
temperament,
By
article is
This
CoMMENTAiiY.
treat
See
moderate
the
in
herbalists
discuticnt
some
it out
trace
does
Galen
of brooklime.
head
Cera, Wax,
basis
Dioscorides.
from
literally
is taken
author's
Our
Cepcea, L.
Sedum
made
been
has
most
gent,
deter-
shghtly
powers.
that
it
requiresComm.
'
Dioscorides
illustration.
no
the
for
process
done
with
from
the
and
salt water
process
natron
pursued
now
making
and
bleaching wax
in
circumstantially
it white.
It
was
quite different
manner
The
(ii,
105.)
to
the
being
treat
inflicted
Avound
followed
expectorant
fullyof it,but
by
any
in diseases
by
bad
without
poisoned
effects.
of the
prevents
arrow,
He
chest, l)oth
recommends
in
hniment
it from
it
as
and
an
in
'
"
SIMPLES.
170
CoMM.
'
of
One
potion.
a
'
'
it in diseases
recommends
manner,
[book
desiccative
possessed of sufficiently
therefore
they
used
for
is
which
oil,renders
the
oil
makes
Sprengel
They
Lajnllus.
and
Harpa
them
Tliat
part
alive,if boiled
be
to
noticed
are
be
to
are
injectionfor reheWng
'
"
pungency,
os.ymel.
flesh when
their
were
without
or
is
burnt
ulcers, and
vinegar, wine,
useful
an
Commentary.
CoMM.
it
as
shell when
powers
malignant
with
putrid ulcers
of them
'
with
agree
like
in
of tlie cliest.
(a species of sliell-fish)
; their
Buccinee
vit.
earache.
the
Buccina
the
among
in
articles of
food
the
in
finelylevigatedbefore
Avicenna
sores.
Crustacea
under
borrowed
from
of
treats
His
head.
one
along
information
and
Dioscorides
buccina
the
Galen,
them
apphdng
with
is almost
other
entirely
(ii,2, 529.)
See
also
Rhases
Ki'/ci,
Christi
Ricinus, Palma
has
detergent and
but
weaker.
have
We
There
be
can
the
'
was
Christi.
It does
Hippocrat. (218.)
its resemblance
both
that
that
See
when
the
leaves
seeds
in diseases
N.
for
oil is used
medicine
the
(H.
Phny
emetic
mentions
plant,
but
treatises.
See
it is called
that
lamps and
administered
as
of
being
the
used
eyes
it
its
leaf,
Kporwi'
Palma
and
in
fficonom.
or
(Euterpe, 94)
occur,
us
k'iki or
is
xv,
of Ricinus
Dioscorides
7.)
very
cutaneous
(iv,141.)
also
loathsome
He
internally.
in
observation
plasters,and
a
of
croton, from
the
and
purgative
harsh
the
that the
dog-tick,and it is worthy of
plant and the dog-tick bear the name
to
the
in Latin.
says
informs
Dioscorides
Celsus.
not
also has
so
Castor-oil
by
Hippocratic
the
of
doubt
Herodotus
It is mentioned
several passages
the
communis,
Ricinus
no
purgati\e,
of its oil.
already spoken
'
"
is also
fruit, which
properties,and
discutient
Commentary.
CoMM.
its
as
and
further
diseases,and
Galen
notices
it
One
CoMM.
[book
SIMPLES.
172
of
his
it the
calls
authorities,Constantinus,
VII.
of
juice
"
tringent
plant^possessed of stypticpowers, and therefore used as an asboth
internallyas a suppository,and externallywhen
recommends
larly,
it simiso
applied.(De Simpl. 341.) AAdcenna
'
but
borne
in mind
described
native
retained
cinnabar
60),
in
down
the
so
those
of
desiccative
momis
is
in the
owing
quicksilver,and
Atticum.
The
See
Hill
blood
dragon's
where
is
it is
Draco.
Calamus
rank
same
the
to
of weak
sort
ancients
viz., the
name,
Pharmacopoeia,
the
is to be
Ku'J'O^iW/iOl',
Cinnamon, is composed of extremely subtile
gree.
extremely heating, but only in the third de-
is not
But
Greek
of
of
Sal
Geoffroy (215.)
product
Cinnamomum^
parts, yet
their
was
modern
the
as
and
this
under
sulphuret
or
which
cinnabar,
Med.
substances
other
two
factitious
set
that
mineral
(Mat.
gives no
of
tenuity
cinnamon
of
calefacients
its
parts.
but
The
cinna-
call it
some
is
none
pseudo-
cinnamomum.
Commentary.
CoMM.
Sprengel
and
Dierbach
it
acknowledge
as
'
"
'
the
Laurus
Stackhouse
that
Cassia
unacquainted with
good grounds for
Cassia
Sprengel :
opinion. We
lignea nostratum
it to
be
diseases
and
in
it is
Greek
et
is to
say, for
expulsion of
for the
that
C'mnamomus
this
use
shall
ancients
but
give
see
the
cassia
et
we
were
no
words
of
cinnaraomea
arbore
ipsam ex eadem
veteres
largiatur,
jam statuerunt.^^
recommends
promoting
the
of it has
the
cassiam
i,13.) Dioscorides
affections,that
and
Laurus
cinnamomum
provenire,quse
(ad Dioscor.
opinion that
unde
under
stated, however,
this
\identur,
esse
have
is of
our
"
eadem
"We
Cinnamomiis.
foetus.
been
cinnamon
the
We
revived
flow
need
of late.
in uterine
of the
menses
tion
scarcelymen-
He
also holds
it in coughs, dropsies,and
alexipharmic,recommends
of the kidneys and bladder
; in complaints of the eyes,
of elegant ointments
the formation
; in short, he adds,
medicine
authorities
terms.
The
much
in
give
Arabians
especiallyAviceuna, who
Dioscorides,namely, as
use.
(i, 13.)
its medicinal
treat
characters
of it at
recommends
Galen
and
in
other
the
more
ral
gene-
great length,and
it in the
diuretic,eraraenagogue,
same
more
cases
and
as
alexi-
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
cinnamon
which
extract
his works
being
as
they
as
stomach
and
deobstrucnt
it to
be
and
borrow
Galen
latter,is
In
not
and
of
affections
diuretic.
found
our
and
eyes,
author.
the
in
is commended
(Cont.
of
the
as
Rhases
and
Dioscorides, Galen,
the
count
ac-
but
be
Comm.
and
his
to
it cinnamon
in
cordial
liver, in
emmenagogue
from
the
exist.
now
aromatic
an
from
gives
holds
Dioscorides
from
he
also
and
Serapion professesto
2, 124.)
expectorant, (ii,
of
stomachic
as
He
liver.
the
congestion of
also
and
pharmic medicine^
173
an
copies
i, 213.)
1. ult.
KtpKfO,
Circea, Enchanter's
and
Nightshade
fragrant, when
Its
fruit,when
in
Commentary.
spectingit. Sprengel
took
it to
that
it
be
the
modern
genus
and
author,
our
former
the
to
different
from
See
divided
much
One
Parkinson
from
Comm.
certain,
species of
Both
(351.)
the
Galen
Dioscorides, the
been
not
re-
Lobelius
is
thing
known
any
in
Med.
of milk.
Cynanchus niger.
treating of it,borrow
have
professedly. We
Mat.
uterus.
formation
are
Dulcamara.
Circaea.
of these
it in the
inclines
Solanicm
quite
was
the
commentators
the
cleanses
wine,
gruel,promotes
The
is desiccative
with
drunk
taken
able
to
detect
Arabians.
of the
Ktcrar;pt";,
Pumex,
of the
teeth,not
also
joined to
and
to
its
it
Pumice-stone, is detergent,and
the
the
parts
only
the
but
in power,
medicines
used
also
for the
became
finer,but
it is then
There
Pumice, according
the
to
be
can
For
recommends
is
so
similar
diseases
of
ulcers,
If
burnt,
skin.
pungent
latest
doubt
no
but
account
it
in
of
an
that
he
diseases
had
it,see
of
copied
frequentlyindebted,
the
from
we
descriptionof pumice,
of the
eyes,
more
that
of
if washed
eyes.
mean
and
N.
It
Pumice.
was
contain
to
and
manganese,
Pliny (H.
his
it
found
analysis,is
he
the
It is
its pungency.
Commentary.
however,
asperity.
incarnation
abstergent plastersapplied to
lays aside
water.
by
particularly
more
its
xxxvi, 42.)
appears
recommends
especiallyin opacity of
the
He
evident,
contemporary, to
Dioscorides, who
also
some
wliom
gives
it in
cornea.
Comm.
SIMPLES.
174
and
CoMM.
likewise
as
[book
ingredient in applicationsto
an
and
sores,
VI]
.
as
'
'
dentifrice,
whether
be
pumice
metal,
preliminary discussion
some
stone^
or
earth, proceeds
an
properties,in which
Dioscorides, most
especiallycommending
We
just mention
(De Simpl. ix.)
may
think
do not
modern
authorities
so
highly
of this substance
Jameson's
The
medicinal
its
state
See
dentifrice.
this head
under
merely
Mineral.^
'
from
copy
he
it
in
dentifrice.
this
(i,333.)
Dioscorides
with
agrees
as
to
that
place
and
as
Arabians
Galen.
See
anciently
particular Serapion (De Simpl. 417.) Pumice
with
leather
which
used
for polishing the
books
were
was
bound.
(Catullus, Epig. i.) Theophrastus (De Lapidibus),
that
states
by the action of ftre ; and M.
pumice is formed
in
suspects that it is
Dolomieu
viti'ified granite or
has
time
pumice, for some
past,
is it
Dispensatory. Neither
Phai'macopoeia.
ceased
be
to
hold
to
found
gneiss. The
place in
in the
modern
our
Greek
KttTTOc h Ktoaaoog,
Cistus, Rock-rose
it is
Its leaves
cooling powers.
astringentshrub,
an
and
shoots
are
and
of
gently
desiccative
so
to
as
but
the
flowers
of a more
are
agglutinate wounds
drying
;
the second
drunk
natm'e, being about
degree, and hence when
dysenteriesand all kind of fluxes.
they cure
Externallythey
putrid ulcers.
relieve
'
"
Stackhousc
CoMMEXTARY.
CoMM.
'
called
Woodville
describes
lius
^Miller
by
C.
in
uterine
The
more
LaSavof.
Arabians
recommending
external
Avicenna
tions of
Galen
villosus.
Ladaniferiis,of
under
C. Creficus
species of it,which
two
and
much
Rock-rose
the
calls it the
marks
ulcers
celebrated
which
treat
the
and
also
species
will
we
Aetius
particularlycommends
He
diseases.
and
in
of
Oribasius
as
those
under
treats
the
have
separately of
former
it
to
are
the
this
the
Kiaaoq
mer
forof
name
give
the
account
some
copyistsof
Cistus
and
Galen.
Ladanum,
powerful astringent,both
of
the
intestines
the
(ivy)
;
or
at
least
he
and
in
womb.
other
afi'ec-
to have
founded
con-
has
given
SIMPLES.
HI.]
SECT.
confused
very
of
account
175
his
it in
chapter
the
on
Ivy. (De
Comm.
'
'
Landanum
the
from
species of
two
ceased
does
Rhases
hold
to
place in
(Cont.
1. ult.
under
this
of
treated
modern
our
notice
to
appear
(Ladanmn)
cistus
a
not
it
'
separately
iii,67.) The
head
have
long
Dispensatories.
gent
Hedera, Ivy,is composed of opposite po'wers, for it is astrin-
cooling, and
and
tepid ingredientwhen
and
wine,
the
from
juice is
Its
hot ;
Its
wounds
being
consisting of
watery
leaves, when
boiled
relieve burns
and
and
and
errhine,
an
Its tears,
ear.
and
green.
agglutinativeof
are
affections.
acrid
chronic
cures
with
splenic
defluxions
more
act
as
depilatory.
with
the
best
describes
authorities
three
helix ; but
trouble
it is easy
His
Parkinson
the
it for thinning
'"
part is acid
or
hair
and
devoid
of
of
tree
are
in
Malus
the
Medica, L.,
Virgil agree
that
or
(History
of
properties
by
Dioscorides
generally known
bark
desiccative
it is his "felix
but
third
the
recommend
rank
is acrid.
cold.
of
Its
Its
degree ;
and
discutient
and
as
its middle
in the
flesh
seed
the
the
the
cooling
and
second
engenders
is discutient
leaves
of
the
powers.
Sprengcl states, it
INIost of
malum"
part in which
is desiccative
doubt,
Citron.
INIedicum
Malum
the
to
second
Without
the
and
41),
writers
ancient
qualities
;
The
possessedof
Commentary.
Gerard
to
killing lice.
Simpl.
it,mentioned
the
also
belongs
medicines.
and
(De
the
great
copyistsand
and
the
of
occasioned
of its medicinal
account
All
ivy.
is contained
desiccative
all varieties
are
his Arabian
to
tears
Citron, called
Citrium,
seed
the
they
Dioscorides
black, and
were
of gum
name
white, the
Plants, 680),
The
author,
by
of
Galen.
and
that
referringit Comm.
in
Helix, L.
Serapion
author^s
from
our
See
Our
is taken
Heclera
it, the
see
both
(Theatre
Plants, 857.)
the
hesitation
no
distinctions, however,
herbalists.
modern
have
of
to
confusion
and
to
varieties
species.
same
need
We
Commentary.
is the
commentators
(Gcorg. ii,127.)
Comm.
'
on
Dr.
''
SIMPLES.
176
remarks
Paris
CoMM.
it
that
[book
probably
deserves
antidote
to
'
it
on
him
by
an
head
and
this
on
the
celebrated
French
as
there
According
when
says,
Charras,
this
of
Homer,
(ii,
who
Odyss. v.
"
Galen.
N.
xiii, 16.)
Our
account
of its
Dioscorides's
precise
more
with
drunk
Pharm.
opinion (H.
far
famous
the
See
Ovov
it is the
vijffovoSiodn.
Pharmacopceia.
followingline
dva
praises bestowed
the
Moses
and
Macrobius,
Ovov
Citrons,
very
the
on
to
it in the
mentions
Hoffmann
Fr.
authority
39.)
is
VII.
wine,
and
interesting.
the
counteract
ration
ope-
clothes
to preserve
in a chest
work), and then seeds seem
The
Arabians
from
treat
(i,166.)
being moth-eaten,
very
of
the
medicinal
citron.
the
See
of
properties
Serapion
fully
(ii,2, 116), and Rhases (Cont.1. ult.
(De Simpl. i, 1), Avicenna
this
They
i,219.)
when
in hot
taken
poisoned wound.
They also hold
it
that
it
stops
dispels
of citrons
need
See
that
its
and
when
it is
and
that
this
treated
in the
garden
Flora
and
is
It
of it among
the
the
the
the
wild
succory
wild
Cichorium
the
Dioscorides
as
is
of
dicial
prejuoil
the
We
nerves.
been
that
brated
cele-
much
is still retained
endive, being
ing
cool-
also
degree. It has
some
with hepatic dysenteries.
pot-herbs in
Hippocratica.
it
speak highly
and
and
it were,
first
stomachic
that
of the
ii.)
1235.
,t
it agrees
hence
Commentary.
'
'
in
desiccant
and
Cord,
vomiting
preparationhas
Pereira,
CoMM.
cordial
Med.
(De
affections
other
Ki
"
the
They
nerves.
times
and
astringenc}^,
alexipharmic, both
juice is applied to a
hold, however,
in paralysisand
Pharmacopoeia.
and
is
excellent
an
They
lungs
seed
Avicenna
particularly
scarcelyremark
om'
that
purgings, fluxes,and
bilious
in modern
in
water,
sorrow.
the
to
all agree
Intybus.
First
Book.
recommends
We
It
have
occurs
both
the
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
177
both
internallyand
externally,for Comm.
binding the bowels in dysentery, as a cataplasm in cardiac afa
as
remedy for gout and ophthalmy. (ii,159.)
fection, and
the
the intybus and
also ranks
Celsus
are
ambubeia, which
with astringents, (ii,
wild and garden succory,
30.) Galen and
authorities give it the same
the other Greek
general characters.
Arabians
The
treat of the seris and
intybus at greater length,
stomachic, in various
cases,
"
and
the
confound
to
seem
taraxacum?).
229, 683.)
He
deobstruent
in obstructions
recommends
taraxacon
particularAvicenna
(ii,2,
latter most
particularlyas a
See
(Leontodou
the
in
the
liver and
of the
viscera; he
other
the
to
bites
of
animals.
venomous
See
Avicenna
s-boioer,(calledalso
Clematis, Virgin'
desiccant
and
of
pains
animals.
venomous
around
nature
trees
fruit, when
downwards
ivy,being
drunk
with
in
former
himself
the
two
it
as
Dioscorides
safe
vitalba
and
bile
clematis
the
the
twines
nature.
and
of
Its
phlegm
of
It
cirrhosa.
wliich
described
The
is
founding
Pamphilus for conis clearlya species of
All
other
the
agree
in
mending
recom-
speciesdescribed
former
species of
12
Comm.
'
by
second
astringent.
(iv, 7),
clematis
bites
cataplasm,remove
leprosy.
species,distinguishedby the
is
or
the
caustic
evacuates
contemptuously
speciestogether.
for
of
and
acrid
an
is useful
species
water,
its leaves
The
of
Daphnoides,
(iv,179), and is
Dioscorides
III.
other
of
synonyme
by
teeth, and
The
Commentary,
expresses
the
like
and
'
SIMPLES.
178
Galen,
CoMM.
'
be
may
[book
determined
decidedly
be
to
either
the
VII.
Vinca
'
'
major
and
or
caustic
The
poAvers.
(c.41),
Avicenna
and
macoposia
Galen,
Arabians
v/ould
clematis
properly the
contains
from
the
of acrid
possessed
not
appear
hedera.
The
(ii,2, 169.)
the
is
to
It, according
minor.
See
modern
tinguish
dis-
to
Serapion
Greek
Phar-
C. erecta.
KXtVOTTOOlOl',
cative
but
however,
with
It may
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
caustic
not
powers,
Field
Clinopodium,
of
the
considerable
third
and
desic-
degree.
confidence
be
set
'
down
as
been
the
being
started
See
this head.
on
doubts
vulgare, although
Chnopodium
(Theatre
Parkinson
of
have
Plants, 23),
Bastard
Cnicus,
but
if
Saffron
its seed
is used
only
the
to
third
for
purgings,
order
of cale-
facients.
'
of
in favour
'
held
to
of
opening
date.
it that
it is
the
of
account
also
1. ult.
Carthamus
author.
The
All
the
it
give
it
along
cnicus.
See
Arabians
hold
ancient
as
that
tions
men-
for
ter
charac-
same
confused
AtractyUs, which
particular Avicenna
it is not
powerfullyalexipharmic. They
further
characters
medicine
rather
with
in
which
Dioscorides
exactly the
Arabians
wild
the
tinctorius,a plant
gives
by treating of
be
authority is decidedly
See
Cartamus.
the
bowels.
it
they held to
(ii,2, 159.)
but
our
recent
our
as
being
in
place
down
its
of
preponderance
The
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
only
tive,
laxa-
call it Kartam
or
Rhases
(Cont.
iii,46.)
KoyyuXta,
Conchy
Iia ; their
This
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
"
'
or
Shell-fish.
powers
See
name
Harduin
resemble
those
was
applied to
(Ad
Plinii
H.
of the
N.
buccinse.
various
ix,60) ;
Testacea,
Athensei
ISO
bringing
CoMM.
"
SIMPLES.
'
'
when
applied on
Oribasius
that
together,so
theii' exact
of this tribe of
the
there
and
terms, like
been
the
VII.
utero
and
author.
our
little used
in medicine.
chameleon
in making
difficulty
Thymelacece.
in
Aetius
thymelsea,chamelcea, and
on
what
out
still with
plants are
See
foetus
Galen
brief
have
is great
views
another.
one
in
fact,to
confound
kills the
(iv,170.)
pessary,
in
appear,
Arabians
were
its characters
state
It would
The
watery discharge,and
away
[BOOK
difficulty
distinguishedfrom
Lindley^s Vegetable Kingdom, 530.
Ko/cKOf: l3a(piK6g,
tinctorium, is desiccative
Granum
therefore, with
agiTCs,
triturated
when
'
"^
product
of
ilicis.
See
little
by
the
is
given by
and
Dioscorides
The
P.
the
called
of the
nerves
iii,16), and
or
Coccus
Pliny (H.
in
Beckmann.
other
wounds
dyeing, but is
interesting account
An
It
pungency.
Scarlet
or
insect
hemopterous
cochineal.
cochineal
as
is Vermilion
anciently used
was
and
oxymel.
or
Theophrastus (H.
It
it
vinegar
It
xvi, 12.)
and
large wounds
Avith
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
without
now
of
N.
seded
super-
kermes
(Historyof Inventions.)
of the nerves.
vulnerary medicine, especiallyin wounds
of
the kermes, merely repeat what
Arabians, in treating
a
Dioscorides
Galen
and
had
Serapion (De
(Cont. 1.
Rhases
ult.
written
this head.
on
Simpl. 321)
See
Avicenna
in particular
(ii,2, 718) ;
i, 740.)
KoK/cOjUJ)Xea,
the Plum
Prunus,
greater degree, or
in
the
so
that
dried, in
the
powers
lithontriptic.With
fruit of the
The
Pnminum.
appear
The
to
be
dried
Without
Bullace
tree, a
well
known
decoction
uvula.
incisive
and
attenuate
drunk
plums
with
to
The
it
of
gum
substance,
wine
the
cure
of
it proves
lichen
of
is
manifestly astringent,
is called
plant in Asia
This
garden plums,
Galen
The
the
it is said
wild
belly,if fresh,in
about
when
belly.
similar,as
Commentary.
an
nnegar
constipates the
and
CoMM.
that
relate
some
childi'en.
of
the
smaller.
inflammations
gargles,cures
ti'ee has
if
loosens
its fruit
now
called
damascenes,
says.
doubt
it is the
speciesof
plum.
Prunus
The
insiticia
or
Damask-plums
celebrated
much
are
phinis
of
and
gums
dried
the
But
which
astringent of
dried
in
the
that
less.
I know
but
manifestly loosen,
damask
the
"c."
are
in
controversy
modern
in
stating
deny
to
meant
mixed
faculty
Galenas
that
the
up
with
is
says
loosen
the
named
Chuz,
gum,
quotes
are
this
of
the
mixed
with
opinion
with
who
keen
impugns,
To
certain
do
we
sists
con-
doubt,
no
never
purgative
in
not
general.
that
see
and
gravely
state
this
mighty
sages,
but
of
moisten
bile.
them
One
troversy
con-
the
of E-hases's
stomach
Another
is
approbation.
of
All
agree
and
them,
and
emmenagogue,
impetigo.
cures
sugar,
those
scarcelypretend
(Cont. 1. ult. i,565) ;
Rhases
they
it
us
views
yellow
water
created
plums
Serapion (c.139.)
belly, purging
says
like
for
sweet,
more
his
See
that
says
Spanish;
of Galen.
have
the
these
by Dioscorides
between
ancient
plums,
and
even
Spanish
precise, but
and
for
Brasavolus,
astringency,
plum
Dioscorides
difference
strictures
and
of the
degree
the
succinctly. He,
lites."
;
the
damask-plums
two
2, 532)
(ii,
authorities
their
the
than
committed
Arabians
The
fruit
bowels,
degree
the
difference
componere
Avicenna
the
slight
too
more
real
between
bind
mistake
views
of Dioscorides.
it is that
bowels.
stomachic
greater
between
defends
his
much
tantas
This
times
only
language
is
there
the
that
in
how
less
the
the
fruit
especiallythose
more
says,
astringent,and
]Matthiolus, who
appears
"
in
more
and
Galen
the
says,
loosens
"
fresh
not
Simpl. vii.)
(De
and
the
and
"
(damascenes ?),are
damask-plums
dried
and
is
Avicenna
that
they
lithontriptic.
KoXXn,
Gluten,
is of
an
Glue
emplastic
that
and
prepared
from
digestive nature.
the
sirailagoand
'
'
rities
autho-
There
cases.
Comm.
"
and
diseases
ancient
Dioscorides
Galen
bowels,
the
loosens
tree
the
all the
of
Pliny
Dioscorides
Syrian plums,
bowels."
treated
Book.
such
stomach,
Damascus
have
particularlyin
between
plum.
for the
fruit of the
about
grow
First
but, indeed,
of the
bad
esculent, but
is
the
We
them
opinion
virtues
the
regarding
authors.
astringents in
as
of
difference
181
in
recommend
prescribe them
slight
food
Empiricus
tonsils
the
ancient
by
article
an
as
jNIarcellus
of
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
pollen
Gluten
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
[book
SIMPLES.
182
kind
tlie best
'
Galen
makes
used
in
(c. 138)
Avicenna
They
i, 336.)
from
information
their
of
most
it, derive
See
Rhases
Serapion
1. ult.
(Cont.
this
ichthjocolla under
of the
Rhodes.'
flour,and
of
treating
and
that
further, Pliny
See
Greeks.
the
(ii,2, 202)
treat
in
Arabians,
The
in
from
prepared
kind
books,
xiii, 26.)
of bulls
hides
the
of another
mention
binding
N.
(H.
from
prepared
is
mentions
Dioscorides
Paste.
or
'
VII
head.
KoXoKUl'0"?,
Cueurbita,
Gourd,
the
second
in the
humid
cold
and
when
Hence,
degree.
applied
temperament
entire
in
plasm,
cata-
inflammations.
hot
it cools
We
Commentary.
CoMM.
is of
stated
have
of
difiiculty
the
determin-
'
'
'
in the
article
this
ing
It would
fruits.
or
About
the
medicinal
there
properties, besides
the
siriasis of
and
those
of
gout
being
useful
in
earache
eyes,
as
into
to
be
is to
be
gourd
raw
it,it
and
others
The
Arabians,
making
give
(ii,2, 175)
says
Avith
and
sugar
cough,
gives nearly
seed,
that
thus
gently
that
the
freelyfrom
much
it is
the
and
that
it
the
out
bowels.
account
diuretic, and
of it.
as
softens
Greeks
without
Avicenna
(Cont.
called
of
1. ult.
Masarugie,
thirst,and
the
sun,
author.
our
with
Another
poured
of the
Galen, Aetius,
Rhases
Another
states
been
paste
of it is beneficial
quenches
of it
directs
See
it is surrounded
when
He
heat
consequence.
squeezed
opens
same
(ii,161.)
Serapion^s authorities,
of
water
the
to
characters
same
usual, borrow
gourd,
roasted, the
the
of
time
laxative,
One
the
diseases
it much
as
1, 344.)
of
gently
addition
any
for
speaks
purpose
having
for
of the
stomach.
wine
see
also
also
for this
out, and
exposed
it Mill become
when
its
hollowed
its
ing
cool-
inflammations
He
and
bowels;
as
apostemes
of the
heat
On
it raw,
manner.
and
Gourd.
or
authorities,
medical
I, 13),for
Book
iu like
of the
it is laxative
that
a
infancy (See
Cucumis
doubt.
some
swellings and
various
summer
for the
Cueurbita
recommends
Dioscorides
application for
is
the
on
put
for the
sometimes
species, however,
Geopon. (xii,19.)
the
and
Cucumber,
sativus
sometimes
be
to
appear
First Book
of the
chapter
when
and
in acute
taken
them, Habix,
of them
belly.
In
says
modern
of
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
times
seeds
the
greater
of
gourd
seeds.
cold
formerly held
were
Charras
See
183
(Roy.
of the
one
as
Pharm.
and
66)
four
Comm.
"
Quincv
'
(p. 197.)
Cucurbita
If the
purgative power.
rubbed
into
the
part, it
used
juice
relieves
ischiatic
in
doubt
Colocynthis,Coloquintida,or
Bitter
There
in medicine
does
earliest
the
from
not
be
can
Mulieb.
621,
strong
state, be
green
that
ed.
is
it
Gourd.
times, being
the
Comm.
'
It
the
Foes),
in the
however,
occur,
disease.
no
Commentary.
Cucumis
it,while
of
of
possessed
is
sylvestris,Colocynth,
''
was
KoXoKvvQr]
Galen
as
has
of Celsus.
works
it
of it,recommending
gives an excellent account
as
a
given
powerful phlegmagogue and cholagogue, both when
and
and
in clysters;
a
as
by the mouth
gargle in toothache.
He
when
applied on a pessary,
says it kills the foetus in utero
Dioscorides
Our
(iv,175.)
The
Arabians
Rhases
Avicenna
1. ult.
Averrhoes
long
i,222)
His
cannot
we
Mesne
Baithar
directions
for the
statement
of its medicinal
find
for it.
room
He
Galen.
(ii^
2, 127);
Ebn
and
from
copied
(Collig.
v, 421)
medicine.
that
more
it is
of
account
precise in giving
is very
of the
so
of it
treat
(Cout.
Simpl. 4) ;
is
author^s
(De
(i^331.)
tion
prepara-
properties
it
says
ates
evacu-
refers
report of
the
to
by scorpions,and
in
fiuxion
is,perhaps,
the
person
cured
one
who
by
who
been
had
it.
But
of all the
of
treats
stung
it
most
elaborately:
bile,
of
case
immediately
was
authorities,jNIesue
in
he
it
recommends
the
eyes,
cold
as
gout,
and
other
affections
of
the
But, he adds,
cough, dyspnoea, "c.
it is more
useful in pituitousand flatulent colic,aud
especially
in dropsy.
be administered
For this purpose
it may
by the
mouth, in clystersand in suppositories. Applied per vaglnum
joints ; asthma,
chronic
it kills the
fcEtus.
by
of
means
administered
He
directs
its bad
efi'ects to
in great
heat
or
cold.
He
be
forbids
Averrhoes
corrected
it to
ranks
be
it
that its
strongest phlegmagogucs, and recommends
sliould be abated
"c.
activity
by almonds, tragacanth, fistics,
with
the
184
SDIPLES.
Ebn
CoMM.
Baitliar
that, being
the
heat
drastic
kidneys,
and
great length.
very
cold
or
Hippocrates
it
it at
purgative,it
of summer,
recommends
oil
of
treats
[BOOK
had
in
ought
of winter
forbid
injectionsfor
loins.
He
of
; for
that
says
these
of
the
Pliny
intestines,
embrocation
an
sons,
sea-
purgatives.
diseases
says
given during
that, at
administer
to
Serapion
to be
not
VII.
of
it with
the
cures
he
word,
it is useful
adds,
vertigo,and
and
its
dimness
the Arbute
Arbutus,
fruit,which
stomach,
and
is of
Tree,
occasions
asthma, pleurisy,chronic
of "vision.
is called
CoMMEXTARY.
CoMM.
in
Med.
(De
Purg.)
quahty, both
sour
ache,
head-
the
It is hurtful
memycoelon.
tree
the
to
headache.
Apuleius
Comaron
"
says
Grteci,
Romani
'
*
fragum
vocant."
which
Tree,
It is the
must
Unedo
confounded
Strawberry.
It
IVilcl
or
with
the
Strawberry
Fragaria vesca,
difficult to
seems
its
holding
the
place
Gummi,
Gum,
manifestly cm'es
is of
ancient
and
Materia
for
account
^ledica,
since
all
its medicinal
Galen.
desiccative
and
account
of
emplastic nature,
asperities(hoarseness?).
Commentary.
CoMM.
the
in
Dioscorides
See
powers.
'
be
not
Arbutus
For
an
the
ancient
and
see
gums
'
'
N.
Pliny (H.
Egyptian
Acacia
thorn
other
emplasticpowers,
with
them.
of
and
He
e^^,
it prevents
The
Ai'abians
the
for
adds
do
same
the
in
best
kind
have
must
Galen
terms
same.
is
from
rising on
recommending
the
either
the
delivers
as
the
Dioscorides
with
burnt
cinal
medi-
author,
our
(gum-arabic ?)
blunting acrid medicines
mixed
from
got
been
acacia
that, when
blisters
concm*
this
the
authorities
gimi
the
Senegal.
in
gum
says
;
Acacia
or
of
Greek
the
Acacia
or
L.,
vera,
character
the
He
xiii,20.)
as
the
and
mends
recom-
possessing
mixed
when
white
parts,
gum-arabic
of
an
(i,133.)
as
being
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
voice
iner the
See
coughs, in
in hot
beneficial
(ii,2, 310)
Avicenna
and
stomachic
be
it to
and
for clear-
Comm.
thcriacal.
''"''
i, 345)
(Cont. 1. ult.
E-hases
lungs, and
of the
ulcers
also held
thev
185
Serapion (c.229.)
Koi'ia,
Lixivium, Lye
named.
The
from
made
added
almost
from
vial Ashes
Lyes
or
called
also Rhases
composition
Avas
On
the
alkalies
Dutens
facient
Fleabane
in the
The
powers.
expels
the
ult.
has
lime.
aux
(Theatre
of
That
of them
YI.
with
the
of the
it
conyzai
of the
The
protostactos
Book
YI,
s.
9.)
further,
ancients, see
187.)
are
even
the
grows
mends
recom-
affections
(See
in
and
desiccant
the
cale-
oil in which
flowers
it
similar
have
menstruation, and
promotes
which
weaker
and
Modern.
speciesof
both
There
exactly the
Comm.
Even
same.
Avicenna
i, 214.)
lixivii of the
Cineres
decoction
Commentary.
mining
of Book
lisivius
Cinis
quinsy
third
foetus.
fetid and
Lixi-
/coi'i'a
rj aaf^tcrrog.
The
degree. Hence,
stops periodicalrigors; and
is boiled
more
or
in
potass and
of
name
the
(ii,2, 188.)
(Cont. 1.
(Decouvertes attrib.
Conyza,
of the
See
of them.
frequently mentioned
(i,186) ;
33) ; Dioscorides
Geopon. (v,"
most
one
this
Idyll, i.)
in Theocrit.
of
cineres
by
all is that
of
section
in the 9th
dried
the
to
sometimes
fig-tree is the
eye.
up
The
be
is then
lye caustic,which
principallywith medicines
the
them
also
quicklime is
(Schohastes
they
ancients
impurities
solution,but
those
are
of the
all of
were
so
quicklime
little
But
Commentary.
various
If
are
that
so
spurges,
the strongest
by injection.
quicklime alone.
have
account
We
given some
administered
prepared
the
ashes
of all
desiccative
septicpowers.
it renders
of
it were,
as
of
figs and
protostactos,being mixed
called
They
of
ashes
the
washings,
detergent and
ashes
the
to
most
possessed of
are
the
moist
situations
is
powers.
considerable
is
of the
in
difficulty
ancients.
Spreugcl (Ad
See
Dioscor.
deter-
Parkinson
iii,
126.)
Comm.
'
186
CoMM.
"
'
'
SIMPLES.
The
preponderance
sion
that
/.
they
authority seems
Christi.
cratic
lesser
The
treatises.
from
differently
referable.
He
(H. N.,
follows
fetid
fragrant
would
63), where
XX,
Dioscorides
the
propertiesof
opinion that the
in
concur
abortion
procures
of
treat
Few, if any,
and
it is not
contained
of the
other
in the
author
main
the
to
as
authorities
the
is emmeuagogue,
Ebn
Baithar
the
to
seems
Thuback.
of
head
Arabians
Greek
greater
Our
All
conyza
in
are
cunilago of Pliny
in
plants.
greater
Hippo-
Ambrosia
being
the
ag-ree
pessaries.
confusedly under
it rather
(ii,1 50.)
be
at
conyzai
of Harduin.
note
these
the
as
third,
decided
has
bifi'ons. The
to
Galen, who
medicinal
which
to
Inula
as
in the
however,
conyza
appear
see
and
who,
greater
in medicine
employed
plants
the
of Dioscorides
conyza
the
to
as
the
conclu-
the
saxatUis, and
were
Dierbach,
marks
and
maritima,
and
Inula
convzse
See
us
the
to
very
the
lead
to
were
/. oculus
a
all
of
[bookvii-
it ;
noticed
have
Pharmacopoeia.
Ko7r")oc,
all kinds
of it
are
nature, but
they
differ
Stercus, Dung
and
discutient
the
to
voids
it.
milk
(lacscissum),and
rubbed
cynanche
into
the
old
and
parts
been
and
the
whiter
admirable
with
skin
of
the
a
stag.
powers,
if the
as
Goat^s
especiallyupon
detergent and attenuate.
about
dried,
with
divided
cines.
medi-
the
tonsils,it is
These
complaints
The
who
only
It
have
dung
certain
that, not
amulet.
Avhich
suitable
children
upon
cording
ac-
not
of wolves
shrubs, is
in
may
be
an
draught,
fastened
tumours
hard
body
with
food.
an
flesh.
The
and, therefore,cures
whole
draught
of
is found
scirrhous
more
dung
animal
bones, when
on
in
the
honey.
colics,and
of
wool
with
much
too
remedy
appended
discusses
And
the
also when
either
the
for
fed
another
one
of
inflammations
which
sort
from
ulcers, if mixed
mixed
greatly relieved by
permitted to take
heating, desiccative,
diet
The
In
but
and
temperament
cures
are
of
of
dung
the
persons
applied externally,
When
of
burnt
oxen
has
it is
tive
attrac-
some
stingsof
wasps
affected
with
more
and
bees.
dropsy
be
SIMPLES.
188
N.
phylacteries.(H.
CoMM.
"
burn
which
'
the
On
Faculties
it for
spitting of
loc. vii.) Dioscorides
sec.
it
as
an
appears
it
for the
prefersthe
red
The
red
in infantile
Moses
in his
time.
in the
a
See
date.
that
Charras,
held
coral
It
dysentery.
give it
to
us
recent
in
complaints
directs
coral, and
used
much
was
stances
sub-
those
article does
This
(v, 208.)
of these
cure
English Dispensatoryuntil
It
-with
Serapion, likewise,recommend
and
impalpable powder,
an
(ii),and
nigrum, corallinm,
et
used
was
vii.
in Galenas
work
Hippocratic treatises,nor
of Simples.^ The
latter,however, prescribes
in another
blood
place. (De Comp. Med.
the
in
occur
Solinus
corallinm
album
adurunt,"
cantharides, pp-ethrum,
not
the
ranks
Yeratrum^
"
also
See
xxxii, 5.)
Celsus
"
[book
He
form
of
place in our
Quincy (101.)
It is still admitted
convulsions.
ing
Gray (Pharmacol. 146.) Accordto Dr.
Ainslie, the Tamool
practitionersprescribeit,when
Arabians
of diabetes
and bleeding piles.The
calcined, in cases
their astringentsand cordials.
(Mat. Ind. 52.)
place it among
to
be
The
antacid.
good
as
is there
the
title
the
see
de
to
be
stomach, liver,and
and
Cimices,
Some
'
'
that
CoxMMENTARY.
CoMM.
'
write
when
of the
as
substitute
asp.
in the
Ceramium
the
the
cially
espe-
Ai-abians,
brain, heart,
exhilarant
heart, and
of
are
cordial
and
an
acrid
nature.
Buys
an
in
quartan
antidote
of leeches
which
to
the
garlic
have
been
from
PHny, apparently deriving his information
Dioscorides,ascribes to bugs alexipharmic properties of the
them
as
most
especiallycommends
general nature; and more
swallowed.
in syncope.
properly recommends
case
The
ingredient,is
an
of the
recommcuds
Galen
by
as
occurs
and
suffocation,
36.)
(ii,
for them
the
with
Dioscoridcs
of it
affections
animals
drunk
species of
use
excellent
an
these
iutermittents, uterine
bite
in cold
palpitationof
Buys;
copoeia,
Pharma-
Greek
(De Electariis,89.)
it
in which
womb;
in
restorative
the
Mesne.
on
efScacious
most
On
(77.)
Gemmis,
modern
with
up
commentators
Electarium
said
several
stated,comprehends
corallines.
the
Helmiuthochortos,which, however,
of
helminthochortum, mixed
red
in
is retained
sea-coralline
under
See
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
being
bite
the
against
remedy
189
of
N.
(H.
asps.
xxix, 17.)
Comm.
'
'
Arabians
The
See
herb
Coris, the
and
acrid
is
the
promotes
from
it
by
We
but
name,
find
cannot
it in
it cousists
For
of
which
is bitter, and
It has
also
small
inflammations
hot
some
in
it
other
of
of
also
quantity with
of the
of
is
of
treat
not
hypericum.
Arabians.
formed
opposite powers.
subtile
particles,
is tepid (mild?).
of
astringency,so
which
erysipelas,
the
discusses
wine, expels
the
as
to
accord
are
not
softer
The
remedies.
it disturbs
Comm.
pleurisy.
powers
to
powers
composed
sweet
and
does
watery juice,which
subtile
larger doses
Galen
works
part
degree
and
of
in
of
cases
small
taken
terrene
and
nature
the
is
is taken
Kopiov,
r;
Coriander,
Coriandrum,
of
cases
name
of its medicinal
in the
oooiavvov
in
strangury
164.)
(iii,
nearly similar
it described
draught,
It is also
and
This
Coris.
statement
ascribes
it,in
Wort)
oil.
Hypericum
Dioscorides.
from
of
spiders;
in with
author's
Our
54.)
(xx^"i,
addition.
any
discharges.
venomous
recommends
who
Pliny,
abridged
of
It is
Commentary.
respect-
{St.John's
fruit
the
menstrual
is rubbed
opisthotonosit
making
Hypericum
but
and
bites
the
for
remedy
call it
fragrant ;
urinary
recorded
(ii,2, 270.)
some
without
bugs,
Avicenna
particular
in
It
of
virtues
the medicinal
ing
had
Greeks
the
all that
copy
with
of
with
tumours
seed,
when
worms
drunk
but
too
when
understanding.
Comm.
sativum.
certainly is the Coriandrum
insists
but Galen
Dioscorides
says that its action is refrigerant,
it is calefacient.
that
Symeon Seth, jSIesue, as quoted by
authorities
of the ancient
adopt the opinion
Serapion,and most
Our
modem
to correspond
of Dioscorides.
\'iews would
seem
It
Commentary.
better
with
those
looked
carminative
are
of Galen
as
upon
and
stomachic.
Hippocrates. (359,
it to
it dim'etic.
be
etc.
stimulant,
ed.
coriander
Foes.)
was
The
Arabians
Celsus,
say
that
and
like
when
rally
gene-
being
as
this head
in the
used
(Ibid.)
now
under
remarks
Galen's
The
being
coriander-seed
aromatic
an
highly interesting.
holds
He
age
of
Dioscorides,
also
the
calls
juice is
taken
CoMM.
'
'
"
[book
SIMPLES.
190
the
to
of four
extent
destructive
it proves
ounces,
VII.
of life.
Rhases
(Cont,
2, 143) ; Serapion (c.44) ; and
(ii,
of
it
is
that
soporific
possessed
i,229.)
They also hold
in
of
epilepsy, which
They prescribe it for the cure
Avicenna
'
1. ult.
powers.
they
case
stomach
in
retained
in
Medica.
Materia
our
holds
sativum
Pereira
See
the
from
ascends
place
still
is also
It
Pharmacopoeia. (58.)
Greek
modern
the
which
aura
Coriandrum
The
brain.
the
to
the
checks
it
say
(1073.)
Koj3uSoc
"J Ko|OuSaXXoCj
the Lark
Alauda,
is of
No
Commentary.
CoMM.
it,
scriptions of
""^
remarks,
that
'Birds;'
and
Natural
is
it when
copy
from
works
of
in
by Aristophanes, in his
(Idyll,vii.) It is
by Theocritus.
and
broth,
for the
Hippocrates
cure
says
author,
he
It
Celsus.
Dioscorides
from
gives extracts
brieflynoticed by Ebn Baithar
Serapion. (ii,329.)
in
would
there
praises
noticed
in
appear
that
the
it
describing it,merely
in
Galen.
and
on
Both, however,
is not
It
Serapion, who,
of
our
works
Galen
of colic.
(ii,59.)
and
their
in
yEHan
Like
name.
same
Dioscorides.
hanabroch
is the
Galen
cristata.
Alauda
the
was
de-
ancient
the
calls it Galerita.
Pliny
the
given
it
Aristotle
by
of
eat
from
doubt,
can
it is noticed
that
must
one
correctlydescribed
History.
herb
one
that
it is
mentioned
also
But
broth.
the
frequentlywith
and
'"
in colic aflFections.
use
plain broth
it perseveringly
with
boiled
when
this bird
nearly
(436.)
the
It is
also
terms
same
as
KojOWVOTTOUC^
Coronopus,
to
be
Buck's-hoi'n
It
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
"
'
English
is
Dioscorides
given
supply
as
any
the
medicine
additional
says
the
root
See
it is used
in colic,
information
of
it is believed
eaten.
Coronopus,
Plantago
Plantain.
Buckshorn
Quincy.
is
when
affections
in cohc
useful
Plantain
Parkinson,
as
called
Gerard,
of the
worth
and
that
potherb, and
(ii,157.) None
regarding it
in
it
others
quoting.
YioGTOQ,
Costos,
is
possessed of
greater degree of
an
acrid and
small
hot
degree
quality.
of
bitter,but
Wherefore,
when
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
191
deep-seated
therefore
diuretic, emmenagogue,
also
flatulent
some
and
wine
with
drunk
to
is
It has
when
veuery
ischiatic
and
rubbed
when
periodicalrigors
with
It
costus.
with
suits
It
honey.
paralytic affections,and
excites
it
that
tracted
at-
anthelminthic.
and
so
powers,
the
to
humour
oil.
in with
Commentary.
We
should
it if
we
more
occupy
than
space
can
we
Comm.
'
afford
the
to
devote
to
to
general literature of
know
our
opinions
Appendix
supplied by
been
(Mat. Med.
ascertained
of
his Auklandia
the
that
Costus,
plffnt is
employed
in
held
not
the
recently,we
have
vulgaris,was
used
costus.
reason
as
of costus
Indian, and
of
the
is the
be
no
(See
to
same
doubt
M.
We
think,
attacks
add, that
as
often
was
Pharm.)
has
used
More
costmary, Balsamita
our
for
succedaneum
chiefly
the
costus,
it
Charras'
the
is
may
the
that
open
Cashmere
from
as
root
moist
medicine, but
the
not
the
ancient
costus.
The
three
624.)
described
by Dioscorides, namely, the Arabian,
been
to have
the Syrian, would
only
appear
substance.
He
same
says it is possessed of
(80) with
Parkinson
Compare
varieties
as
of
place
the
In
Cashmere.
of
for
moths.''
kinds
ancients
the
repute
vale
of
Pereira
Falconer
it, "Dr.
of
says
costus
152), and
Ind.
(Mat.
Lindley
Dr.
699.)
has
of
recent
very
Hindoo
the
to
has
respecting the costus
writers.
See
Koyle (Ant. of
interestinginformation
Much
us.
referred
Dunbar's
to
feel curious
who
subject, are
this
on
disquisition
Those
this article.
on
into
enter
to
were
calefacient,diuretic,and
Hill
(M.
M.
and
powers,
emmenagogue
is useful
in
uterine
characters
Galen.
affections,in
as
Aetius
authorities
than
quote
on
author, who
our
and
the
what
Oribasius
Mat.
Med.
him
evidentlycopies from
do
the
in like
The
same.
do
manner,
Dioscorides, Galen,
and
our
and
Arabian
little
author
more
have
192
SIMPLES.
written
CoMM.
'
on
Avicenna
'
Rhases
agree
One
is useful
costus
instrument
and
of
it dries
of
in
in sciatica ; and
an
that
Celsus
It is
the
and
menstruation.
mentions
it
often
noticed
The
classic
authors.
costus,
in
occur
with
along
with
by
of
foetus,
character
have
we
been
of
works
Hippocrates.
(iv,14-,et alibi).
aromatics
and
ointment
See
and
means
kills the
as
oil of
nerves,
it
far
as
the
other
precious
the
the
All
not
as
made
of
sprinkled
that
(per embotum),
purpose
discover^ does
when
states
coldness
fumigation
ulcers
authorities
relaxation
being alexipharmic.
to
humid
up
Rhases's
for the
promotes
able
vii.
the
them.
over
[book
aromatic
N.
by
Columella
xii,24);
PHny (H.
20); Propertius (iv,6, 5); Lucan
(ix,917); Horace
1, 41); Ovid (Met. X, 308.)
(xii,
(Carm. iii,
K.OTv\y]C(vv,
along
eaten
'
"
believed
is
with
the
Galen.
application to
inflammatory
the
under
(Cont. 1.
ult.
Cochleae, Snails,
cative
and
nature,
dysenterieswhen
four
parts
of
serrata.
of
these,
they drop
added.
oflF
are
author's
is
abridged
strongly as an
it
flammatio
inerj'sipelatous
between
which
Therap.
ad
he
has
stated
(ii.)
Glauc.
burnt
when
somewhat
one
part
are
of
heating.
has
of
They
See
taken
pepper,
and
place,if
and
to
in
to
parts of
two
Unburnt,
and
desic-
useful
are
yet
not
white
moderately
triturated
they are
whole
to the
belly in dropsicalcomplaints,and
in arthritic,with
to
advantage, being allowed
galls be
diuretic.
Our
and
are
i, 138.)
mortification
them,
C.
erysipelasand
in his work
it
which
species,
two
recommends
distinction
nice
coriander, and
Rhases
former
of
leaves
and
lithontriptic
the
further
Galen
the
describes
and
the
descriptionapplies to
when
they prove
Dioscorides
Cotyledon umbilicus,
from
that
the root,
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
It
applied
the
remain
joints
until
the
whole
they dry
is the
y(lpacuog
Helix
Pomatia,
spontaneously;
upon
stronglydeep-seated humours.
CoMM.
Commentary.
The
k.
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
Escargot, or
by the Roman
The
Pliny,in
like manner,
of their medicinal
they
other
Celsus, on
the
of food.
Horace
to
Testis
cochlea.
Potorem
astringent of the
"
it
as
belly when
It is the
abridges Galen's
of
it in the
for
cholera,diabetes, and
Rhases
same
cases
(Cont. 1. ult.
as
digested.
the
whet
articles
weak
ti'ee
being
eaten.
The
of hard
appetite.
sour,
proves
lichen,
The
Dioscorides
(ii,72.)
Ai'abians
Greeks, and
the
See
vomiting.
357.)
and
leaves
as
to
bodies.
Mas.
Cornus
of it.
account
the
strongly desiccative,so
applicationto
an
that
latter says
et Afra
fruit of the
strongly
are
shoots, by their sourness,
wounds
agglutinatethe largest
mends
they
account
same
Satir.
the
'
forbidden
was
when
among
recreabis
squillis
marcentem
Commentary.
them
that
say
The
nutntious
very
hand, ranks
seems
it,however,
author.
our
digest,but
Galen
propertiesas
difficult to
are
for
and
Comm.
Hippocratic treatises,the
(De fistul.)
procidentia ani.
in dysentery. (H. N.
them
recommends
Dioscorides
delicacy
the
of
one
esteemed
was
Yarro
of
use
recommended
are
vii,30.)
See
gourmands.
cochlete
snail
The
Vinegar Snail.
193
Comm.
recom-
Our
author
speak favorably
also
recommend
Ancenna
it
(ii,
2, 315),
K-pafxpri,
Brassica, Cabbage
powers
both
but
it is not
and
ill-conditioned
to
discuss.
it
cures
when
of
and
with
The
wild
hence
The
eaten
which
and
ulcers,and
cures
Its
seed
esculent
is
when
It therefore
It is also somewhat
cative
desic-
appliedexternally,
agglutinateswounds
tumours
which
detergent,by
when
has
drunk
which
kills
difficult
arc
property
worms,
and
The
Egyptian cabbage does this.
its stalks when
burnt
are
possessedof caustic powers,
are
applicablein chronic pains of the sides.
grease
is
of
the
stronger than
it cannot
be
taken
sea-cabbage being
III.
sort
sensiblyacrid.
leprosy.
the seed
especially
ashes
that
the
garden cabbage
internallywithout
saltish and
bitterish
in all respects ;
incouA-enience.
loosens
the
13
belly.
194
SIMPLES.
Commentary.
CoMM.
The
doubt
comprehended
dwells
largely on
terms
same
as
and
pharmic,
and
it
and
nearly the
and
The
down
set
to
Brassica
the
being
as
sylvestris
Brassica
and
swellingsand inflammations.
To the
unpleasant to the taste.
not
of
Its
same
half
is
raw
laxative,but
great length
at
the
Greeks.
its
says
blistered
it
and
that
of
the
after
with
up
the
in like manner,
First
the
stated
have
Book,
cabbage
counteracts
brassicse
held
ancient
character
in
all
down
are
Persians.
largely from
white
of
the
of
Ainslie
it
expels
commentary
the
ancient
to
of
Avicenna
the
on
Dispensatory, and
to
its ashes
ult.
i, 198.)
(ii,
2, 139.)
held
of
coction
de-
95th
authorities
worm.
tape-
gout, and
(Contin. 1.
intoxicating powers
our
the
recommends
joints in
egg.
our
in
stores
especiallywhen
more
an
the
quoted by Rhases,
authorities
burning,
brassica
of
decoction
section
that
of
the
wine.
The
retained
their
See
date.
comparatively recent
still more
recently Quincy. (116.)
Culpeper, and
still much
prized as
See
kinds
authorities
same
the
Parkinson,
They
place
the
the
injectionto
an
different
applicationto
an
as
surfaces
mixed
we
the
Arabian
the
boiled, astringent,(ii,
29,
of
As
twice
of
of
account
same
as
to
usual, drawing
of the
Another
See
when
treat
as
One
impregnation,
are
ii.) According
Arabians
The
30.)
INIulieb.
is
says,
Hippocratic treatises,the
In
the
species of brassica.
decoction
of cabbage is recommended
(De
he
cyme,
dis-
sea-cal)bage{Convolvulus
author,
characters
as
our
(ii,
three
womb.
alexi-
application to erysipelas,
an
gangrene.
inclines
(which Sprengel
in
spreading
to
as
Dioscorides
it laxative
calls
no
with
lepros}^
;
boiled
when
He
recommends
epinyctis,and
properties,but
medicinal
vit.
tlie ancieuts
species of cabbage.
author.
our
of
sativa
Brassica
several
its
[book
medicines
by
the
Ai'abians
and
(M. Ind.)
Kparnioyoi'oi',
Cratseogonon j
cold
like
millet.
the
is acrid
to
the
taste
and
CoMM.
"
'
[book
SIMPLES.
196
the
seed
bad
fennel, and
of
recommends
boiled
when
further
(ii,108.)
in
nearly the
nearly the same
Avicenna
much
terms
same
He
Arabians
medicine.
as
be
given
Baithar
treats
give
See
barley-water
he
says,
pure,
and
of
it at
as
it
of
treat
The
recommends
it is to
Ebn
fennel.
parsley and
its Adrtues
fevers, being,
fevers
in hot
cooling ;
in
Oribasius,
author.
our
of
530.)
drink
as
statement
(ii, 2,
as
of
flour
the
is
stomach, and
for the
VII.
very
and
diluent
cold, with
in
great length,
(ii,97.)
Crimnon,
of
Bran
the
is so named, being
sjjclt
indigestible.
more
CoMMEXTAUY.
CoMM.
meal
it
It
also
was
part of
thick
the
polenta,but
than
nutritious
more
applied
spelt
to
and
the
coarse
for
the
belly.
binding
meal
porridge,they add,
is
spelt which
of
the
From
author's
our
of
Galen
and
toasted
been
has
meal
coarse
coarse
or
speciesof grain
other
whom
See
Dioscorides, from
coarselyground.
Dioscorides
of it is principally
Both
taken.
account
recommend
and
of wheat
flour
wheat, pap
or
prepared.
Ko/cov,
composed
of
substance
of
from
w
ell with
leaves
and
CoMM.
*
it
subtile
part,
moderate
of
being
is of
a
mixed
terrene,
temperament.
a
inflammations
discutient
of the
and
uterus.
desiccative, detergent,and
are
hence
useful
are
for Avounded
'
its flower
nerves,
Commentary.
for burns.
with
Without
The
being
temperament,
and
certain
Hence
emollient
The
nature
root
of
watery
oil
the
posed
com-
agrees
it and
its
moderately discutient,
juice of
it is serviceable
oxymel.
doubt
it is the
Lilium
candidum.
Dioscorides
as
He
and
so
application to burns, ulcers, erysipelas,
further
describes
a
species of lilium with purple
an
SIMPLES.
in.]
SECT,
flowers, which
the
but
main
in the
lib',of
recommends
it
leprosy,and
the
in old
(c. 189)
of
and
Ebn
Baithar
oil of
Baithar
treats
Avlien
with
burning
of the
lilyat
applied
hyo-
that
hot
given internalh',
lilies
(v,
to
all agree
They
applications to
the
(ii,68.)
antidote
an
as
mushrooms.
of
2, 436); Serapion
(ii,
Ebn
and
animals,
the
says
i,422)
same
burns,
application to
an
Avicenna
see
it the
both
general alexipliarmic,
venomous
best
the
Avicenna
ileos.
as
coriander,
scyamus,
one
of
oil,as
1. ult.
(Cont.
it
bites
the
and
Arabians,
Rhases
commend
They
to
the
For
17, 18.)
wine
of
diseases
leaves
the
of
to
scabies,
as
briefly give
decoction
such
skin,
Oribasius
species,
applications
particularlyto
very
mentions
Celsus
characters.
also
and
Aetius
uterus.
lilyboiled
and
achores,
the
former
the
external
in
of
diseases
only
article,
medicinal
the
to
Comm.
be
might
this
elaboratelyon
he mentions
principally
and
ulcers,
wounds,
which
This
unguents.
as
and
Pamphylia,
of
Dioscorides
with
agrees
"vdrtues of the
He
of
Avrites
Galen
Martagon.
LiJium
Pisidia
and
Syria
composition
for the
famous
was
in
grows
197
it is
water.
in
is usefid
great length.
very
KoOfCOOttXtOJ',
Crocodilium
; the
and
emmenagogue
and
black
are
chamseleon
inclined
who
those
hold
join
to
it to
who
refer
(Theatre
of
iii,10.)
Galen
is diuretic
it to the
being possessed,he
The
root
of blood
from
able
discover
to
says, of similar
the
except
translator
holds
in
traces
Ebn
it to be
the
Wc
it in
Mat.
of
the
(ii, 253.)
Eryngium
maritimum.
after
Comm.
'
herbalists,
than
Parkinson
Dioscor.
seed
produces
pectorant,
ex-
therefore
(Ad
is useful
the
and
an
acrid, and
and
powers,
expectorant,
nostrils.
auv
Arabians,
is
We
See
juice of
The
emmenagogue.
nose.
and
Sprengel
aromatic
the
it.
maritimum.
and
as
vulgaris, rather
Carlina
988)
use
immediately
commentators
the
it
desic-
therefore,
are,
by
compares
Eryngium
Plants, 971,
and
diseases.
been
have
he
modern
the
of blood
describes
which
to
and
is of great
root
discharge
Dioscorides
Commentary.
the
possessed of
are
powers,
the
occasions
it
juice of
and
discutient
and
cative, heating,
diuretic
seed
and
in
a
sa3^s it
nephritic
discharge
luive not
]Med.
His
stalk
of
been
the
German
'
SIMPLES.
198
[book
VII.
JLpoKog,
Crocus, Saffron,
of the
of
is
the
first of desiccative
second
of
order
medicines.
It is also
and
heating
astringent and
digestive.
Without
Commentary.
CoMM.
Dioscorides
Statins
(v,22)
regard
to
its
Thessalus
other
dr.
iij,but
it is
that
that
applicable
cure
in
See,
(i,25.)
like
it
we
mention
may
the
mistakes
first,with
the
Greeks
of the
than
cases
more
Rhases
(Cont.
held
that
One
of Rhases^s
the
fatal.
breathing
stomachic
of the
and
ancient
he
in
i,241);
in
authorities
Another
says
appetite.
improves
the
eyes,
in the
who
calls
the
By
evidently
from
way,
means
the
therefore
stances
sub-
evidently
Galen
degree, and
Arabians
See
of
the
in doses
of
says
Symeon
in
drying
in
the
views
great many
Thus
difficult
liver
of three
spleen.
di'achms
it
improves
that
says
large doses
they
labour,
and
it,that
Seth
recommend
He, Serapion,
in
his
cases
of
and
adopt
cordial, and
in
that
of
of urine
occurs
(ii,
2, 126.)
colour.
authorities,affu'm
the
Celsus,
prescribe it
that
of them
of
It
(1.c.)
The
obstructions
doses
namely, verdigris,orpi-
second
it
in
discharge
is evident
Avicenna
used
the
on
some,
(196.)
aphrodisiacaland
also
that
mentions
sub-astringent,and
of
author.
the
i.)
defluxions
predecessors.
They
and
With
Milligan,
virtues, but
its
their
deobstruent
as
it proves
to
Antid.
works
astringency.
it is both
and
Dr.
is often
Celsus
and
discutient.
his
of
heating
1. ult.
accordingly.
a
editor.
some
as
the
best
Pliny (xxi,6) ;
deadly poison
enumerated,
is
meaning
call it
followers
it
His
"c.
ment,
it
which
fragrant,while
applications,as
which
with
the
by purgative, Celsus
that
external
cleansing in
say, that
Pliny (1.c.)
in
and
purgative, emolhent,
it to
producing
manner,
Hippocratic treatises,and
varieties
economy,
it is
for
surfeit,and
for
different
(De
erysipelasand
to
the
Corycus,
it is diuretic
truth
in
of the
Galen
merely
that
sativus.
See
animal
the
on
maintained
hand,
action
Crocus
Mount
authors.
(Silv.v, 3, 41)
held
therefore
as
classical
by
to
is
Suffice
Ciciliau,from
the
decidedly was
alluded
in his time.
used
were
it
interesting account
gives an
of it which
doubt
and
it
is
other
it occasions
other
effects
late
experi-
SIMPLES.
111.]
SECT.
it would
ments,
that
appear
199
its
had
powers
been
much
It was
GOG.)
(Mat. Med.
Hist,
See Beckmann's
ancients
a perfume.
as
Joh.
Bodreus
a
Stapel (Ad Theophrast. H.
Its
Hertodt's
Crocologia/ as quoted by him.
used
Pereira
See
of
'
has
ahvays
Cepa, Onion,
its
the
is of
consisting
substance
hemorrhoids
applied to
detergent,and
it occasions
juice is
continued
removes
more
useful
in
it
of
thick
with
alphos
rapid growth
suffusion
and
and
vi, 6),
medical
and
matter,
he
use,
hence
It is also
them.
opens
'
*
heating medicines,
of
order
fourth
the
by
Orientals.
the
among
Comm.
'
Inventions/
P.
'
adds,
overrated.
vinegar ;
of hair
than
sufficiently
in
and
alopecia
alcyouium. Its
from
vision
of
dimness
when
thick
humours.
It
Commentary.
is the
Allimn
Cepa,
onion.
or
Galen,
Comm.
it as an
application in
Serapion recommend
Dioscorides
of alopeciaor Porrigo decalvans.
says that
the
discharge of
applied it as a suppositoryto promote
into the nose
its being introduced
piles,and he mentions
Dioscorides, and
cases
some
blind
it.
to
He
says
it
and
concocts
hard
breaks
and
this head
abridge
than
given by Dioscorides.
(ii,29) and a diuretic
in
at
1.
as
Celsus
the
He
(ii,
31.)
bites
rabid
of
author, do
ample
more
salt,
dogs.
the
Upon
tumom^s.
our
calls it
with
cataplasm
it for the
As
little
more
of
account
it
an
it to be chewed
recommends
Arabians
of it
treat
paralysisof the tongue, (iv,2.) The
(Cont.
(ii,2, 119) ; Bhases
great length. See Avicenna
of it
ult. iii,
18) ; Serapion (c. 354.)
They speak fa^"orably
a
rubefacient, and
pharmical
all ascribe
great
it
to
powers
as
an
alexi-
medicine.
Kua^tocj
Faba,
as
the
to
detergent.
chest
renders
remedy
and
the
Bean,
is not
cooling and
It agrees,
lungs.
whole
far
drying.
from
bean,
when
skin
is
ment
temperasomewhat
also
expectorationsfrom
having
boiled
middle
Its flesh
therefore, with
Its outer
removed
in
also
some
astringency
oxycrate,
dysenteric affections.
In
the
suitable
cataplasm
"
SIMPLES.
200
it
inflammations
cures
the
We
have
'
See
Parkinson
of the
Httle
the
which
Nehunbiuni
former,
the
there
The
we
characters
whom
Galen
of
both
and
says
the
flour
of it made
Egyptian
into
and
afi'ections,
of the
medicines.
Rhases
(c.97);
in
agree
is
Cyanus,
in
Arabians
The
1. ult.
i, 279.)
beans
for
Dioscorides
stomachic
commending
bean.
small
bean,
and
poultice,answers
(Cont.
aff'ections of the
as
that
the
dysentericand
give a
very
articles
of
colic
full
food
count
ac-
and
2, 241); Serapion
(ii,
Avicenna
and
spittingof blood,
Rhases
and
other
chest.
possessed
greater
powers,
in earache.
two
Greek
only of the
is astringent
other,
are
author
our
be
can
Sprengel (Ad
See
speciosum.
bandry
(Hus-
species,the
two
ii,128), and
The
as
of
faba.
Dickson
describes
dif-
ancient
the
and
Plants, 1054)
Dioscorides
Greek,
is the
doubt,
Dioscor.
as
Ancients.)
and
Egyptian
of
(Theatre
of
nature
the
Book
First
in the
stated
'
'
in
mUk
dispelsthe
swellings,and
and
vii.
breasts.
Commentary.
CoMM.
[book
those
than
of
of
the
It has
cinnabar.
discutient
also
some
astringency.
'
"
Lazuli,
and
determines
Matthiolus
Commentary.
CoMM,
'
Sprengel
with
agrees
some
containing copper
the L. Laz.
Serapion describes
have
nearly
been
in
the
that
it
was
the
a
impurities,and
and
him
be
it to
the
and
dp/jLeviov
fact, the
thing.
same
nearly
by the
ap^dviov
He
Lapis
mineral
allied
to
of
name
to
seem
Kvavog
recommends
it
as
black
bile.
Rhases, in his chapter
pm'gative which evacuates
of Dioscorides
and
the Lapis Lazuli, gives the observations
on
and
in his chapter on
the
the
Galen
Lapis
on
ap/uLeviov,
Armemis,
he
393, 404.)
nium
and
compares
following is
The
"
cyanus
it to
the
SprengeFs
Armenium
simile.
lapidi LazuH
ipsas penetrans mineram
Id
Lajjis Lazuli
est
in
aeris
cuprum
australibus
arenosam
(Cont.
account
of
1. ult.
the
carbonicum
i,
arme-
terreum,
Ea
vocatur
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
acquainted with
person
the
that
decidin"-
mineralogy
and
would
regarding it, we
information
author
Our
Lexicon.
in the
this head
article under
varieties
refer
that
copies
is to
m.
'
*
the
say, the
further
For
and
(Hist,of Invent.),and
to Dunbar^s
Appendix
his
of
Matthiolus
to
Com
difficuky in
(566.)
c), Beckmann
Dioscor.
Sprengel (Ad
were
of Cleavcland
copper"
stated,any
no
can
armenium
been
have
copper" by Jameson,
of
carbonate
"blue
-oliat has
105.) From
cyunus
"blue
called
mineral
our
v,
201
it from
of
account
Greek
Galen.
external
application,
only as an
rative
possessedof repressing,moderately septic,escharotic,and ulce(v, 106.) The Arabians, Avho, however, evidently
powers,
from
the lapislazuli,
do not
distinguishproperly this mineral
Dioscorides
recommends
recommend
it
boiled
person
Greek
writers
these
prescribesit
times
also the
blue
or
cyanus
lapislazuH.
the
the
See
the
has
copper
M.
(M.
Lewis
found
con-
Theophanes
See
(i, 30.)
specificin
as
Arabians,
lapis lazuli.
the
143); Myrepsus
(c. 125,
Nonnus
in
also prescribes
He
on
with
substance
this
emetic
an
as
poison.
any
When
pm-gative.
and
asthma
it in
The
says, it acts
swallowed
has
who
and
emmenagogue
an
as
lentils,Avicenna
with
of
case
it
modern
In
plague.
with
confounded
been
of
former
The
ii,50.)
Ys^vKXcif-Uvoq,
Cyclaminus, Soio-bread,
it
the
cleanses,incides, opens
the
them,
Along
with
honey
kills the
foetus.
juice,is
also
to
the
amount
To
the
skin
the
but
The
strong,
so
it also
proves
to
along
drunk
detergent.
The
(calledCissanthemon)
its fniit is
drastic,so
that
when
for
discusses;
opens
other
things.
by the
purges
loosens
the belly
weaker
Avith
drachms, it purges
and
epigastrium,it
whole
root, though
when
powers
hemorrhoids
with
the
that
of three
sow-bread
speciesof
use,
into
various
vessels,and
suffusions
with
it agrees
rubbed
applied
hardness
discusses
AVhen
nose.
and
it
and
of
mouths
it,therefore, when
of
juice
possessed of
is
the
root
is of
than
the
honeyed
water
internal
parts.
of
no
drunk
the
other
medicinal
it acts
like
former.
Commentary.
Dioscorides
treats
at
considerable
length
of
Comm.
SIMPLES.
202
the
CoMM.
medicinal
virtues
of
[book
species,which
former
the
'
'
"
clamen
hydragogue,
emmenagogue,
diseases
the
other
of
which
he
recommends
also the
lochial
The
with
scholiast
it in sucli terms
shows
He
whole
external
he
of
nothing
the
of
extent
jaundice, and
the
clothes,when
he
says
it purges
in
but
whence
information
and
it under
the
the
on
countrymen.
Sow-bread, which,
bile,when
of
purger
a
only
not
when
the
liniment
emmenagogue,
as
induration
rubbed
both
pessary,
of the
ing
evacuat-
covered
when
into
of
supply
in
of
cases
with
his
many
He
body.
the
skin.
mouth,
Rhases
Panis
Falaniios,or
Sow-bread.
name
species
(ii,
(De Simpl.
be given to
up
the
an
Avicenna
given by
rubbed
as
it
Arabians
mulse
bile from
names
English
his
the
the
out
by
The
it to
or
then
from
the
body,
suppository,and
(1.c.) describes
cinus,
the
sweat
wine
be
to
that
it
Mesne
directs
with
and
other
head.
281)
Avicenna
patient is
will
this
when
authorities
Greek
portant
im-
very
both
viscus,but
spleen. The
1. ult.
(Cont.
confusedly. See
drachms
three
as
of
writes
also recommends
other
somewhat
Ehases
vaginam
the
he
under
it
mara.
Dulca-
cyclaminus
Galen
upon
68.)
xxv,
the
menstruation,
of the
The
looked
hardness
interest
the
applied per
sweats
asthma.
much
2, 6, 61, 271)
26)
with
largely,but
of it
treat
recommends
it promotes
when
applicationin
praises
he
N.
it to be
only by purging
body
in
the
Dulcamara
Solanum
(Ad Idyll,v.)
that
says
jaundice,not
the
ivy,
being
as
holding
in
chilblains.
internallyand
cures
His
the
like
coughs (H.
for
remedy
Theocritus
on
as
article.
the
as
in
vaginam.
down
set
others
Dodonseus
applicationto
taken
and
speciesas
agrees
an
commentators
errhine
an
leaves
having
as
Cy-
tion
splenicaffections,in orthopnoea,and retendischarge, (ii,193, 194.) Pliny recommends
in
second
Harduin
as
the
as
suppository per
the
was
being phlegmagogue^
as
alexipharmic;
describes
Periclymemim,
of the
as
and
he
of
some
Lonicera
and
head,
species,which
and
it
recommending
Europanmi,
vii.
His
por-
extracts
Mesne
like
taken
when
and
spleen.
gives a
the
the
taken
as
very
Avicenna,
by
into
and
Even
he
mouth,
belly;
by
tried
as
he
the
elaborate
praises as
in
also
late
as
the
on
general
and
suppository^,
praises it
mouth
remedy
article
and
in
as
when
jaundice
days
of
an
plied
apand
Quincy,
204
SIMPLES.
[book
vii.
Ki;7raoi(7(70g,
Cupressus, Cypress
of desiccative
possessed
the
useful
CoMM.
in intestinal
It
Its
balsamic
and
it for
and
(c.55.)
give
Avicenna
nut, in
others
as
others, he
and
these
in
in
remedy
it is celebrated
the
it is
by
are
of
and
of the
and
haemoptysis
an
it,
little
Galen,
especially
more
; he
nose
and
as
does
and
Dioscorides
by
authors
many
Serapion
cypress,
polypus
and
diarrhoeas
requiring astringents,and
among
also
speaks
Like
dysuria.
the
commended
held
various
Avrites fully of
Galen
Hippocratica,^ and
Flora
herbalists, and
of
of it
the
cases
the
particular recommends
Dioscorides.
notices
cases
Rhases
cypress-nuts
anthrax.
from
applicationto
of it in
further
time
cure
powerfully astringent
excellent
recommends
says
'
the
various
an
favorably
in
it in
Dioscorides
largely
than
See
as
Pliny
for
is
an
such,
as
this
in
called
was
more
the
of
-nut
it proves
modern.
borrows
is
the
Latins.
the
by
recommend
applicationto erysipelasand
but
and
Syst.
globular shape,
Pikda;
cases
cypress
dysenteries,and,
ancient
of
recommends
Serapion
hence
and
in
and
The
cases.
(Tab.
Stackhouse
See
fruit,being
stings of serpents,
other
grene
gan-
be
to
by the Greeks
(j(pcti^ia
(H. N. xvii, 14.)
Pliny
and
so
trouble,
without
are
that
moist
unquestionably
appears
sempervirens
Dioscorides
it
hernia.
Commentary.
Theophrast.)
of
heat,
In
bodies.
deep-seated humours
consumes
Cupressiis
in hard
shoots
sensible
liaving no
powers,
and
fruit
spherical
in
that
of
astringents by
as
place
in
our
Dispensatory
Celsus.
all
older
our
late
as
The
as
the
Quincy. (93.)
TLvirepog,
Cyperus,
it
Hence
in
has
some
and
heating
promotes
wonderful
also
is
the
cicatrization
and
manner,
incisive
desiccative,
of
relieves
quality,and
is
the
those
without
more
in the
pungency.
humid
mouth.
ulcers
It
lithontriptic,
diuretic,and
emmenagogue.
CoMM.
Commentary.
It
is
undoubtedly
the
Cyperus
rotundus.
SIMPLES.
SECT.
III.]
Our
author's
and
is confirmed
of its medicinal
account
indebted
are
mouth, and
ancients
the
as
of
gives
confused
also
the
by
occasion
without
pain
poured
or
hot
is mixed
We
Commentary.
discussion.
deciding it
which
Veg.
wort,
and
the
the
henna
feet
of
was
of
resembling
refer
to
it
to
afterwards^
the
Mat.
Med.
describe
be
with
henna
an
with
mations
inflam-
aphthae,
from
it
it under
Aral)ic
created
have
we
good
now
genedeal
by
plant
Lindley's
staining their
Dioscorides
He
yellow.
mentions
says
soapof the
(unguentum cyprinum),that it is
fragrant, (i,124.) Galen, Aetius,
same
the
characters
name
prefix.
Avicenna
from
and
Galen.
of
See
as
our
author.
alcanna, Avhich
in
The
seems
to
particularScrapion
(ii,2, 50.)
They say its
Eotli
virtues
copy
in
'
'
of
hesitation
no
juice of saponaria,or
hairs
Comm.
See
for
females
colour.
painting the
the
entering upon
is obtained.
in the
and
Dioscorides
it,when
Egypt
orange
give it the
Arabians
of
agrees
of
desiccative
it also relieves
has
Lawsonia
possessed
are
decoction
burns, and
say, that
of its leaves
prepared
the
decline
It is used
an
for
used
tops
chewed
must
it to
be
to
infusion
an
ointment
and
notice
into
of
name
Dioscorides
astringent,and
subject,which
King. (575.)
liands
that
the
splenicremedies.
with
up
for
When
nature.
and
Hence
pungency.
part, is useful
on
of
from
to
introduced
in
emmenagogue.
inclined
are
Medica
Materia
root
gogue,
emmena-
Arabians.
the
and
character
also Lewis.
see
Sprengel
substances
describing the
when
and
shall have
We
Curcuma.
in ulcers
under
species having
Matthiolus
Both
ginger.
Indian
an
diuretic, recommends
same
and
it
'
plasters,
(i,4.)
in the
of
account
and
emollient
occurs
'
of
gives it the
emmenagogue,
Tournefort, who
Quincy
It likewise
diuretic.
and
Comm.
'
All
stomachic, deobstruent,
it
Galen,
Rliases.
he
an
as
ingredient in
an
as
from
Dioscorides, who
to
complaints
author. Dr.
modern
and
being calefacient,anastomotic,
of
it in uterine
of the
is taken
uses
by Serapion, Avicenna,
them, however,
character
205
freely
female
SIMPLES.
206
CoMM.
complaints
are
praiseit
similar
those
to
[book
of the
vii.
Draconis.
Sanguis
All
'
'
*
as
burning.
They
further
commend
Ebn
Baithar
treats
plaster.
338.) It would
a
and
its leaves
Cytisus;
like those
have
been
held
discutient
in
those
Indica
and
190.)
(ii^
tepidnature^
it to
says
the
Tree-medick
its leaves
cooling
are
of it
diuretic
which
one
is
2, 24.)
spleen, (ii^
the
that
medicine, and
is
it
of
possessed
cold
extremely
is obvious.
powers
It appears
Commentary.
'
Stoerck
maculatum.
the
Mat.
See
Cicuta, Hemlock
'
refer
who
Dioscorides
it as
brieflyrecommends
applicablein diseases of
'
cine
medi-
Hindostan.
gently discutient
as
when
decoction,
treat
CoMM.
very
physicians of
as
agreeing with
[Medicago arbor ea L.)
taken
of
are
quinsy
of it in Ainslie^s
in
and
it at
After
'
"
of
pleurisyand
of
cases
of melons.
Commentary.
CoMM.
it in
the
native
the
dye by
interestingaccount
very
"
that
appear
good applicationin
Bergius, contrary
physicians,affirm
ancient
however,
and
unquestionably to
doubtful.
seems
poison
in the
to have
been
Fifth
We
Book.
much
used
that
it is
have
As
the
Conium
the
opinions of
aphrodisiacal. This,
to
treated
medicine
latterly,
although
be
of its effects
it does
not
Dioscorides
as
appear
says
that
in the
inspissatedjuice is of great use
healing ai't,being
in anodyne collyria,
and used
mixed
with
wine
a
as
cataplasm
and
He
also
of erysipelas
for the cure
herpes.
speaks of its
its
being applied as
the
cataplasm
pollutionocturni
;
and
to
the
to
somni, and
the
with
breasts,in order
the
to
them
author, merely
that
it is
appear
state
of
it,in their
view
of
works
Galen
was
in the
and
in
the
Mat.
of
potence
im-
render
Oribasius,like
possessed of intenselyrefrigerantpowers.
that
inducing
dispelmilk
and
removal
our
Med.,
It would
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
207
givesComm.
nally.(T. ii,451, ed. Basil.) Of the Arabians, Avicenna
"~~^'
but
he
copies
tlie fullest exposition of its remedial
powers,
cotic
Dioscorides, recommending it as a cold and narcloselyfrom
He
Dioscorides.
as
cases
says
applicationin the same
and
induces
the
2,
blood,
torpor, (ii,
it stops bleeding,congeals
the
It
is, most probably,
See also Serapion (c. 347.)
663.)
(v, 15.)
cicuta of Celsus, who
places it in his list of emollients,
both
its
also in the
It occurs
Hippocratic Collection, where
in fomentations.
recommended
(De Steril. ;
leaves and seeds are
de
Fistulis,"c.)
Kwi'og,
Wild
Strobilus, the
like
pine, but
the
with
acrimony,
of
in water,
soaked
it
hence
CoMMEXTARY.
Wild-pine
aside
the
seeds
the
tree
and
tte'v/cj?
esculent
its
acrimony,
becomes
and
emplas-
sylvestris,or
Nux
Pinea,
the
or
Theophrastus called
Diphilus,as quoted by
that
kiovoq.
as
in
The
fruit
of
the
wild
affections
of
the
bladder
pains
of
the
like
and
He
kidneys.
He
86th,
the
different
the
other
commends
kidneys,
as
and
"
prescribes
as
nuclei
for ulcerated
ent
subject under differ2, 280,
closelyfollows, (ii,
of the
treats
recommends
and
his remedies
among
Dioscorides,whom
and
the
the
he
Celsus
stomach.
ex
pine
them
under
not
Paulus
as
cases
same
but
recommends
the
in
in
He
author.
our
subjectin
Book,
Fii-st
the
also commend
of this
treats
nearly
authorities.
demulcent
authorities
other
chapters in
88th
and
the
Dioscorides
cases.
head
the
kind,
the
in similar
sedative
the
moting
pro-
says
fruit
the
articles
Atheuseus
and
calls the
lubricate
same
put
P'lmis
jnne-nuts.
same,
87th,
commonly
for
fruit,
applicablefor
it is
but
of the
cones
of
lay
to
as
to
good temperament,
tic, and
the
so
powers
the
bitterness
The
chest.
have
As
some
it is
hence
the
expectoration from
when
has
green
and
humidity,
leaves
drastic.
and
acrid
more
and
bark
the
strobilus,the
is called
which
Pine
he
these
calls the
articles
fruit
in
diseases
See
aphrodisiacal.
Comm.
'
'
SIMPLES.
208
(Cont. 1.
also Ehases
CoMM.
(Coll. V,
"
in
medicines
these
bladder.
and
of tlie kidneys
diseases
of
favorably
speak
All
42.)
vii.
ult.
'
'
[book
AaywTTOvQ,
is
Lagopus,
fluxes
of the
possessed
and
powers
dries
plant,the descriptionof
This
which
is
be
set
passed
'
'
Dioscorides
by
'
over
the
among
least
are
it, that
known
of
to
it
Mat.
the
under
It
terms.
been
not
of their
some
to
find
it
is
this
the
cative
desic-
this article in
it may
corruptions of
odd
as
that
aware
are
of
in buboes,
amulet
an
as
able
that
probable
seems
astringent
an
for
others
brieflynotice
Arabians, but
of the
Med.
concealed
have
We
i;sed
was
Oribasius
it
regarding
and
arvense,
calls
down
Medica, which,
mention
just
Trifolium
that
may
Materia
may
Dioscorides
mentions
bowels, and
We
it for
ovatus.
known,
ancient
the
us.
take
well
being
as
articles
some
Lagurus
up
belly.
Commentary.
CoMM.
desiccative
of
the
the
be
Greek
of
lagopyrus
it is
formed
it
thighs the
when
fatter
and
collected, is
bring
away
upon
juicy part
of the
excellent
an
degree, and
second
more
uterine
consistingof
it
subtile
'
and
Royal
that
(i, c. 20.)
Pharm.
it is
resinous
Creticus, and
been
calling it
in
commentators
esteemed
as
that
had
it
browsed
was
upon
Dioscorides,Pliny,
it,
and
or
Cistus
the
genus
is moderately
and
either
with
agree
of
he
the
deliver
elder
See
also
ladanum,
from
and
Dioscorides
the beards
by scraping the
the
Cistus
emmenagogue,
from
agrees
astrin-
some
obtained
;
the
fallingout.
are
Galen
about
in
also
says
and
Ladanum,
Creticus.
substance
stimulant
procured
which
Lindley
balsamic
catarrh.
in chronic
herb.
has
Sprengel
the
Dr.
speciesof
other
beard
their
digestive ; it therefore
strengthens hairs
'
Ladanus
particles. It
particular. It
Dierbacli
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
hence
and
gency,
afi'ections in
called
medicine, hot
emollient, discutient,and
with
Cistus
the
from
mended
recomtions
men-
of goats which
tree
its medicinal
with
thongs.
characters
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
in much
the
mends
terms
same
as
209
Dioscoridcs
author.
our
Comm.
recom-
'
'
Avicenna
Med.
Pereii'a
In
there
formula
(1263.)
is given a
plaster,"one
We
would
of
vote
in
purges
Pemberton's
for
edition
the
speciesof
spurge,
Its
manner.
obsolete.
now
of the
composition
ingredientsof
its being restored
similar
however, is
the
for
Lathy ris,is
Its use,
(363.)
Dispensatory,
of
"
stomach
is labdanum.
which
to the
and
some
seed
in
See
(359.)
Pharmacopoeia.
that
say
its
juice
particularhas
gative
pur-
powers.
Commentary.
biief notice
rides says
There
diseases
also mention
an
of
an
473)
old
;
bowels.
it
brief
Pereira's
Materia
and
terms,
like
its seeds
taken.
Serapion (c.354.)
Hippocrates or of
Greek
Galen
See
It
is
in
to
the
our
fowl
other
herbs
pot-
or
Greek
author.
Celsus.
be
boiled
in the
particularAvicenna
met
not
Pharmacopoeia,l)ut
Mcdica
with
being
They direct
cock, and
along
The
the
a
of
modern
it
It does
is
with
not
in
the
occur
brieflynoticed
They
it acts
broth
2,
(ii,
works
in
the
in
Dr.
[777.)
Aa/iixpui'i),
when
Lampsana, Nippleivort,
eaten
suppliesl)ad juices to
the body.
In a cataplasm it is detergent and discutient.
III.
CoMi\r.
He
wiiter.
at
of
its
emetic.
either
of
phlegm, bile,and
boiled
were
of it in
treat
strongly in
as
the
treat
Arabians
it evacuates
its leaves
loosen
authorities
author's
our
of it that
to
doubt, from
no
'
of
that
mentions
be
can
14
'
'
'
'
It
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
Sincqn
is
that
Charlock^
or
[book
SIMPLES.
210
to
It is rather
Charlock.
either
say,
Both
Arvense.
pretty
ajjpears
the
the
by
than
potherb
tliat
Raphanus
known
are
certain
it
VII.
tlie
is
Haplianistrum
Enghsh
of
name
medicine.
AaircSov,
and
qualitiesto
seed
the
it,when
whereas
acutus,
Of
the
was
; for
drunk,
Commentary,
CoMM.
leaves,in
dysenteries.The
they, when
the
Rumices,
used
speciesmost
opposite
eaten, loosen
the
belly,
astringent.
proves
the
far, have
so
in
Oxylapathum,
medicine,
and
Rumex
or
is the
only
the
as
with
determined
Rumex
of
degree
any
The
acetosa.
as
our
Sprengel,
Rutty. Dios-
and
the same
gives the first of his speciesmuch
author, recommending it most
especiallyas
scrofulous
application to leprosies and
speaks favorably of it as applied on
albus.
The
roots, he
adds,
boiled
in
characters
a
discutient
tumours.
a
be
cannot
See
accuracy.
others
in
pessary
wine,
He
also
the
fluor
jaundice,and
cure
and
lithontriptics,
alexipharmies.
emmenagogues,
further
speaks of the dock as being appended in the form
for scrofulous
amulet
swellings,(ii,140, 141.) Galen
an
act
the
our
other
They
; the
which
authorities
Greek
author.
Celsus
food
He
as
latter
contain
treat
in the
occur
ranks
bad
the
cursorilyof
of
works
lapathum
21),
juices (ii,
and
the
lapatha,like
Hippocrates and of
the
among
bad
are
of
articles
for the
of
stomach
century, describes
it under
the
authorities,commends
more
ancient
the
name
Macer,
of
in
the
tenth
parateUa, and,
like
externallyfor
the
it
SIMPLES.
212
it for
CoMM.
"
'
and
"
stopping hemorrhages^
cnring lichens
defluxions
To
of the
which
doubtful
is somewliat
Matthiolus
held
canina.
(H,
L.
N.
with
His
xxA-i,10.)
Harduin
(Ibid.)See
The
\iiyrr]v^Q
the
of
at
Harduin
ad
H.
Cselius Aurelianus
sub
is also
described
by Pliny.
conica,
callosities
chelidonas,
anteriorum
nos
by
crurum
has
impetigines
vero
Empirics
Avicenna
See
further,
described
(equis)nata;
The
epilepsy.(Ibid.)
thus
forming
See
English.
They are
squamulse
cm'e
e-^-idently
the Marchantia
in
spavins
autem
sive
vocant,
Lindley
c.)
xxviii,49.
Sunt
lichenas
the
N.
"
vel hirundines."
for
This
armoi'um
Grseci
(1315.)
well-knoAvn
called
horses,
Plin.
the
are
ittttwi'
knees
1.
as
Peltigera
c.) with
speciesis
(apud
(iv,53.)
applicable
to the
1.
lichen
removes
ptihnonacea,
Dioscor.
speciesof
former
Sticta
the
; or
Parkinson
second
the
it is
aphthosa
Sprengel (Ad
Compare
honey,
botanists
to
Peltidea
the
; to
jaundice and
in with
of modern
whether
dispellingphlegmons
cures
rubbed
when
mouth
Lichenales
of the
also for
and
adds, that it
he
[booktii.
them
gave
(ii,233)
and
Rhases
AfOi^roTTfraXov,
Leontopetalum,
in
cative
the
Lion'
third
s-leaf; its
degree,
and
is
root
is
heating
and
of
possessed
desic-
discutient
powers.
"
''
'
Dioscorides
Although
Commentary.
CoMM.
'"
than
his wonted
plant with more
uncertainty regarding it, some
Leontopetalon, and
would
to
appear
of Dioscorides
The
oiu*
agree
than
the
authorities
other
holding
better
character
in
See
of
it,like Dioscorides.
does
Sontheimer
with
the
sets
latter
description
gives
general terms,
a
supply
it
by
much
down
like
pretty minute
It is noticed
not
Leontice
Tlie
the
some
it in very
be
it to
this
is still
Corydalis bidbosu.
other.
treat
described
there
accuracy,
the
others
has
Ebn
Baithar
additional
for
the
scription
de-
formatio
in-
Leontice
Leontopetalon.
AfTTtOtOl',
Lepidium,
Pejiperivort (by
some
called
Iberis),belongs
to
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
of
order
the
fourth
but
less desiccative.
Dioscorides
and
power
it is used
hence
of
the
that
of
in
leprosy,and
teeth
is to
that
when
be
appended
in
under
would
as
ambiguous
the
of
name
He
amulet,
an
of the
with
medicinal
Dioscorides, but
of
virtues^ they
with
be
easily
regard
its
to
Bimasuy,
quite agreed.
are
but
nasturtium,
Lepidium
not
of
one
latifoliumwas
table, and
at
called,in England^
was
used
time
one
man's
poor
kitchen
as
of
that
mentions
Beckmann
heating.
so
Avicenna's
Rhases's
of
that
Ara-
Rhases
See
(ii,2, 657.)
(Contin. 1. ult. i, 655) and Avicenna
confused, and cannot
descriptionof it is somewhat
reconciled
It
virtues
the
by
Scitaragi.
or
the
205.)
(ii,
It is described
Sltarig
further
says
always speaks
terms.
'
milk,
spleen,removes
soothe
pains of
to
seem
neck
the
to
'
"
of the
diseases
that Dioscorides
remarked
of amulets
bians
its root
from
Comm.
ulcerative,and
and
for sciatica.
cataplasm
applicablein
a
it,that it is also
is acrid
its leaves
plant (which
mostly taken
a
pickle with
is
into
it is made
says
in powers,
cress
this
of
account
latifoHinn,Pepperwort)
Lepidium
Galen,
author's
Our
Commentary.
is
213
the
vege-
(Hist,
pepper.
Invent.)
AiTTlQ,
Flake;
Squama,
astringent,and
the
clavaris.
The
still
and
instruments,
called
also
from
called
is hence
astringency,
the
seris cleanses
the squama
verdigris,
some
edge
it is better
hence
stomoma,
But
of
and
sharp
ditioned
ill-con-
for
down
melts
more.
Commentary.
copper.
was
is formed
But
sists
desiccative,con-
more
has
and
degree.
Cyprian nails,which
fcrri is possessed of more
which
that
ulcers.
flesh
particles,and
squama
more
inconsiderable
no
from
especiallythat
more
in
desiccative
strongly
are
(Flakes of copper) is
subtile
more
kinds
pungent
seris
squama
of
all
The
the
The
Commentaries
ferri,a black
squama
chalybs
of
seris
squama
steel.
or
See
^latthiolus
Dunbar's
oxyd
to
icris,that
it is little diftcrent
and
the
tes
per-oxyd
The
says
astum
and
also
of the
of
Comm.
'
stomoma
Sprengel,
Geoftroy
from
black
of iron.
Dioscorides
Lexicon.
Appendix
was
the
the
squama
being only
SIMPLES.
214
the
CoMM.
"
particlesof
burnt
[book
fly off
that
copper
vii.
wlieu
hammered.
when
drunk
'
Dioscorides
calls it
astringent and
epulotic:
with
give it in
phlegmagogue ; some
flour as a pill; it is mixed, he adds, with ophthalmic remedies,
drying defluxions, and removing asperitiesof the eyehds.
water, he
honeyed
The
he
stomoma,
it is
says,
is inferior
says,
Our
from
gives a
fuller
Oribasius
from
of
that
the
to
author's
Galen.
Dioscorides.
these
as
stances
sub-
copiesfrom Galen.
them^ differingvery little
also
Arabians
The
of
account
Aetius
descriptionof
seris
squama
of
treat
all these
substances,
of their own.
adding much
(ii,2, 231) ; Serapion (c.404)
See
not
(Collig.
v, 43.)
Averrhoes
internallyas
Dioscorides, and
as
purge,
They
and
(Cont.
Khases
of
say
particularA\dcenna
in
1. ult.
vi,48)
prescribe the
squama
it that
the
when
seris
palate is
in
These
substances
occur
vomiting is excited.
Hippocratic treatises and in the works of Celsus.
They have
been
used
time
medicinally in this country for some
past.
Hindoos
the
both
of
use
internally
preparations
copper
externally,according to Dr. Royle. (Hindoo Med. 90.)
with
smeared
the
not
The
and
it
AiVKciKavOov,
JVJiite
Leucacanthon,
and
Ischias);
third
in the
degree,
'
'
root
belonged
so
genus,
have
cseliac and
that
the
See
in
of
says
same
virtues
particular
to
to
cure
A\icenna
ancient
is in favom-
it, that
of it with
it
fix the
authors
also
wine
Galen
and
hold
The
chronic
further, that
as
used
it
and
in
cataplasm
as
Arabians
it to be
Cirsium
intensely
recommends
when
it.
is
relieves
hemoptysis
of
of the
its root
sprains,
toothache
character
it,and
the
to
that
conjectures of modern
respecting it. Upon the whole,
authorities
decoction
for certain
the
various
afi'ections and
stomach
swellings,and
Aetius
gives the
same
descriptionwhich
so
first.
scarcelyventure
can
sciatica,ruptures and
toothache,
(iii,19.)
to
the
heating in the
only determine
can
Dioscorides
pleurisyand
relieves
it is
of the
preponderance
bitter,and
herbalists
and
tuberosum.
it
it,and
of
commentators
the
is the
loose
given
and
Cai^duinece,but
the
to
is of
We
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
its
Acanthus
gargle,
ascribe
alexipharmic.
Rhases
(Cont.
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
1. ult.
i,
18.)
Hippocratic
The
it in
Dierbach's
See
age.
of
use
215
mediciue
is
INIateria
old
as
the
as
Comm.
'
'
Medica
Hippocr.
'
AevKciq,
is
prevaiHng property
It
Commentary.
Lani'mm, either
of
(Theatre
rides
desiccative
certainly
appears
the
or
commends
it
of
especiallythose
treat
of it in
word
for word
as
from
mucidatum.
species
See
Parkinson
sea.
like
general terms,
be
to
application to
an
the
degree, but
third
acrimony.
album
the
in the
animals,
other
author, who
our
Comm.
Diosco-
venomous
The
of
authorities
copies almost
Galen.
Aeu/cotoi',
Viola
and
alba,
Stock
with
that
drier, so
are
ejectsthe
foetus
and
of
the
plant
terrene.
with
this
also
head, which,
of
account
and
Galen
taken
in
of, their
the
the
and
authorities
violet.
See
little
contained
Viola
lutea
in
than
more
in the
of
Dispensatory
as
By
our
late
when
utero
the
the
(Ad
Mansor.
from
modern
herbalist
Galen
Greek
Gerard,
Quincy.
under
probably
be
it is
to
on
pessary
it when
to
confound
;
The
it with
Haly
last
Abbas
'ofthese
Dioscorides.
Pharmacopoeia.
and
same
obscurely treated
iii,21)
and
the
Dioscorides
poAvers
(i, 103.)
Baithar
copy
may
evi-
order
applied
Ai'abians
stock, Comm.
Dioscorides
same
same
more
was
author.
our
similar
phlegmons.
gives nearly
general seeming
Ebn
as
the
He
as
ascribe
Rhases
in
Aetius
of
of
are
described
by Sprengel,
virtues
fcetus
draught.
indurated
here
plant
incana.
its medicinal
it kills
says
Matthiola
mixture
and
matter,
relieve
plant
stated
as
particular
by
being possessed
gross
another
in
blunted
are
Cheiri, is uuquestionable.
included
variety of the
more
the
That
Clieiranthus
dently
of
detergent
inflammations, particularly
roots
vinegar they
Commentary.
e.
The
composed
But
with
those
is
powers
answer
uterus.
are
powers,
it promotes
if their
those
not
whole
which
i.
G'lUyfloioer
; the
held
It is
It is the
place
in
our
'
216
SIMPLES.
[book
VII.
AeVKT],
Populus
of
CoMM.
White
the
alba^
Commentary.
in
taken
be
can
Dioscorides
draught,
being composed
tree
doubt
no
of
says
sciatica
cures
the
substance, has
terrene
There
alba, L.
Populus
Poplar
detergent
it, that
and
its
of
its
perties.
pro-
the
being
bai'k,when
that
strangury;
it is
and
The
Arabians, under
said
to
Ebn
head,
See
Greeks.
this
copyists from
(ii,2, 333) ;
ser^dle
are
Avicenna
the
and
(i,340.)
Baithar
AipavwTlq,
Rosmarinus,
of
which
the
three
are
other
varieties
bear
two
juice
occasioned
of
thick
by
variety, which
is
with
them,
for
used
honey,
humours.
it, one
They
and
are
emollient
dimness
cures
decoction
garlands,
of
fruit.
of
The
powers.
there
sterile,and
is
possessed
sight
Rosemai^y
of
of
that
in
serviceable
proves
jaundice.
CoMM.
Commentary.
Dioscorides, like
species, of which
which
the
Cachrys
plant
has
The
Libanotis.
second
The
third
species
herbalists
be
distinguished from
Romans,''
and
in
which
of which
frequent
still retains
obliged to
enter
literature of this
name
by
place
with
medicine
in
more
our
in
the
of
name
age
of
Dispensator}^
length
subject,to prevent
(80.)
The
English
than
usual
the
mistake
into
of
the
officinalis,
anthos,
Sydenham,
We
must
by
rosmarinus
Rosmarinus
the
our
frankincense."
libanotides,however,
well-known
flower, known
as
herb
libanotis,called
"the
old
of
place in
nodiflora.
Our
"
Pharmacop.
Ferula
of
These
the
was
the
use
the
Gerard.)
and
(See Parkinson
probably
libanotis
the
give
the
determined.
satisfactorily
be
cannot
is
the
to
from
kept by
hold
to
term
appellation
is still
ceased
long
three
and
Nicander,
plant
Gray's Suppl.
See
Dispensator3\
cachrys,
scientific
of this
root
and
the
got
now
called
fruit
by Theophrastus
used
pre^dously
first bears
the
author, describes
our
have
the
Avas
and
been
general
confounding
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
cachrijswith
the
the
distinction
if the
adverted
now
being
as
purposes,
been
not
libanotides
the
be
might
had
to
recommends
Dioscorides
out.
which
rosmarinus,
readily done^
clearlypointed
for various
diuretic,and
emmenagoguCj
Comm.
^~"''
cinal
medi-
discutient.
of
character
author^s
Our
and
diuretic,and
is
them
and
attenuant,
hence
In
emmeuagogue.
stands
officinalis
(Athens, 1837.)
\i^avioT\q.
Rosmarinus
the
of the
Greek
modern
the
carminative,
proves
the
as
copoeia
Pharma-
representative
AtjSai'dtToc,
Frankincense
Thus,
desiccative
The
in the
It
first.
has
the
in
heating
also
order,
second
and
slightsub-astringency.
of it is
bark
cative
perceptiblyastringent. It is,therefore,desicsecond
degree complete. Consisting of thicker
the frankincense, and
being less acrid, it cures
in the
than
matter
is
affections,both
ha3moptysis,dysentery, cseliac and stomachic
and when
taken
shoot of it
internally. The green
cxternall}'
is heating and
in the
third
desiccative
degree. It is also
somewhat
ulcers
detergent, by
in the
the
It is still
what
Boswellia
(Mat.
the
savs
ancients
an
and
78) ;
best
kind
meant
larger grains.
of
are
turifera.
Ind.
inferior
cleansing;
and
the
and
fills
detersatisfactorily
means
the
inclined
to
frankincense
think
that
but
it is the
Pereira
purest kind
is
the
"
of
that
it,or
bv
which
the
consisting
of the
male,"
Indian
is
Gray (Pharmacop. 200.) The
quality. He calls it heating, astringent, and
See
recommends
directions
for the
of the
frankincense
tree
in ulcers
it in
other
minute
will be
no
produces
now
See
of
and
burns, cliilblains,
and
by
it is which
tree
authorities
best
it cleanses
property
eyes.
Commentary.
mined
which
hemorrhages, recent
diseases
use
he
of the
of
of it in
eyes.
lie
like nature.
fumigations.
recommends
The
in fluxes
wounds,
and
The
gives
])ark
rhages,
hemor-
of frankincense
manna
(Mat.
of the
Med.
i, 81-3.)
frankincense;
Comm.
SIMPLES.
218
CoMM.
'
'
"
Our
author's
Thus
account
further
see
Most
and
of
N.
the
ancient
it
we
head
from
drunk
and
pestilentialseason
it, in
with
air.
that
order
Arabians
The
and
applied
of powers
possessed
a
it is
of
of the
defluxions
bowels
the
Setli,
under
says,
drying nature,
it binds
sphere,
atmo-
Symeon
author,
a
the
with
that
vaginam;
both
in
fumigations it
for averting the pestilence; and
hence
that houses
should
be dihgently fumigated
the pernicious quality of the
to correct
per
used
it
freelyas
very
ingredient
an
their
ptysis,and
frankincense
of
the
Hippocratic collection,and
used
all the
for
uses
kinds
the
the
in the
mentioned
the
as
''
the
suppressing bleeding,concocting
in
Greeks,
The
contained
such
that
in the
The
"
thus
These
is to
cleansing
latter
as,
thuris.^'
cortex
pus,
like
fluxes,ha3mo-
of Celsus.
Greeks,
in
See
(Collig.v. 42.)
treatises
works
by
purposes
same
bark
intestines.
fuligothuris,'^and
"
masculum,"
the
frequentlyin
occurs
in fumigations
is emmenagogue
it
it in fumigations
Book.
our
that
sharpens perception,
recommend
Second
and
that
astringentquality;
helps coughs
when
in the
Galen
frankincense,
of
certain
stated
the
(Contin.
affirm
improves
They
memory.
for removing the pestilential
constitution
have
xi.)
On
Rhases
authorities
vii.
Collect,
Galen.
and
xii,30)
disease,that
mental
(Med.
from
also
mostly borrowing
in
taken
the
as
is
Dioscorides.
mostly
Pliny (H.
in
heneficially
acts
is
[book
he
say, for
and
sores,
so
forth.
Aiyvvq,
Soot
Fuligo,the
they
are
burnt,
liquidpitch,and
but
there
burnt.
as
is
kinds
of substances
when
cedar,
used
certain
desiccative,terrene,
of it
for
agreeably to
ophthalmic
eyebrows. That
frankincense, as being the
adorning
from
such
varieties
are
It
arisingfrom
the
the
remedies
which
is most
mildest
and
attenuate
material
and
used
that
those
is the
is
for
soot
and
It
for
watery
the
eyes.
and
ulcerated
canthi
of
the
eyelids,and
weeping
SIMPLES.
220
Commentary.
CoMM.
The
[book
ancient
Litharge
'
from
of
the
raodernj being
argentiferouslead.
The
It
medicine.
used
Morb.
(De
it,that washed
lithargeseems
condenses
of
practice of
Argenti"
Spuma
Galen
merely
maculae,
of
says
\m-
Our
(v, 102.)
this
under
says
of
cooling
as
ophthalmic remedies,
suit
to
faces, and
what
the
Dioscorides
(v,290.)
seemly cicatrices,wrinkled
author
is the
"
it in various
cleansing medicine,
and
ii.)It
Mulier.
notices
Celsus, who
modes
their
by Pliny (II. N.
Oribasius
(Med. Collect,
xxxiii,35), Dioscorides
was
cupellation
circumstantiallydescribed
ancients, and
the
to
in the
different
was,
of it known
varieties
xiii.)
secondary product
nowise
was
'
vii.
head.
The
ditional
fully,but supply little or no adinformation
respecting it. See Serapion (De Simpl.
(Collig.v, 43) ; Rhases
2, 460) ; Averrhoes
410); Avicenna
(ii,
it generally as
an
(Cont. 1. ult. i, 428.)
They recommend
Arabian
authorities
astringent in
fetor
dispel
to
cicatrices,and
does
not
but
give it in
Baithar
that
full
very
authorities, Ibn
and
physicians administered
of
women
Ebn
the
discharge
to
the
of
recommends
Amram,
complaints about
known
intestines.
the
be
useful
in
his
it
and
It
it internally
head
rose-oil,it is said
other
lie had
that
Ben
clyster to stop
vinegar and
hernia
this
morbilli.
of variolse and
marks
ulceration
on
ration,
copious perspiremove
unseemly
blood, and
mentions
and
restrain
armpits, to
of the
any
Avicenna
diarrhoea, as
with
the
extravasated
fluxes
is
Arabian
of
especiallythe
appear
;
of it
treat
in
mixed
up
congenital
scrotum.
A/001,
Lapides, Stones
Haematites,
the
considerable
and
if
they
but
if
that
free
are
it agrees
from
an
stone.
heat.
The
is
weaker
The
:
Melititis,or
The
Moroxus
Schistos
and
with
like
after
;
or
(called also
has
be
is drunk
it restrains
Scissilis has
it the
Honey-stone,
It
similar
Galactites,
also
certain
in
lids,
eyeused
also
the
or
but
of the
it is to
egg.
and
earth
desiccative
trachoma
inflammation
inflamed, with
flesh of ulcers.
of
desiccative
are
is astringent and
Blood-stotie,
degree,so
Avitli water;
with
or
all kinds
gous
funperties,
proMilk-
degree
Leucographis), being
so
SIMPLES.
in.]
SECT,
much
softer
is much
used
the
for
cerate
the
cicatrization
of
The
pterygia.
an
amulet,
as
Judaic-stone
the
have
powerful
discutient
in
the
hand,
at
addition
of
Mohms
be
and
is of
of the
pungency
use
Asian-stone
flabby flesh
hence
mixed
in
inflammations
is
composed
without
The
emphysema.
has
similar
like
ivory,desiccative
with
the
teeth.
calculi ;
padocia
and
said to be
bitten
swellings.
Whetstone,
is said
is
the
virgins,and
Ketrimentum
be
to
the
of
the
Hieracites
stop
discharge
Sapphire,
and
the
the
when
with
Indian-stone, Avhen
of
drunk,
blood
from
rclie\'es
but
is
is
aftected
burnt
baster.
Ala-
cleanses
powers,
down
renal
of
Capthe
manner
amulet
an
to
as
cases
with
and
vantage
ad-
Geodes
inflammatory
cure
the
repress
The
the Naxian
breasts
filingsof
alopecia.
the
It is said that
appended
as
amulets,
hemorrhoids,
and
that
bitten
the
scorpion,
persons
Aphrose/inum, epileptics.
belly downwards,
of
in like
to
children.
oleraria,being detergent,suit
those
Ostracites
as
rodes
cor-
Arabian-stone
cotis,filingsof
so
refrigerant,
Cos
the
so
it
mountain
as
viper. The
flower
chronic
give
and
appended
Naxiaj
testicles
and
Some
powers,
discutient
Heraclean-stone)
The
Argsean
considerably desiccative
The
of
similar
remedies.
The
Sjmiiges break
the
on
by
the
having detergent
Ojjhites,which
those
to
are
formed
tient,
discu-
parts that
draught composed
in
some
Gagate-stone, being
Haematites.
it is
also
uvula.
The
Phi'ygian,
and
principallywith
found
stones
those
the
subtile
so
as
when
The
astringent
detergent.
possessed of
are
acts
ophthalmic
of
the
repellent and
(called also
Smeris, Emery,
The
called
stone
and
complaints
The
of
pungency.
the
to
is
with
of
Magnet
powers
stomach
hence
and
instead.
it
up
considerably desiccative,agrees
of
used
That
ring.
Pyrites
coagula;
and
complaints,
in
The
and
may
stomach
calculi, and
Tccolithos.
with
cicatrices
worn
renal
powers,
when
body
greenish Jasper,
attenuates
in
quaUty,
is,therefore,
the
The
is useful
and
it
of
parts
ulcers.
tumours
is therefore
and
The
it
pain
active
to
astringency
soft
breaks
called
less
powers,
Jasper
moderns
not
stronger
Green
appended
called
of
possessing no
occasions
to
being possessed
when
and
apphcation
an
and
others,
mihl,
more
as
the
than
221
The
by
Armenian-stone
prejudicialto
the
stomach.
the
purges
SIMPLES.
222
CoMM.
Commentary.
the
by
The
ancients
careful
in
of
study
following
the
the
[book
practice of medicine
ancient
writers
ourselves
who
have
Laet, De
or
because
as
stated
it
used
Professor
of iron
cent,
as
Galen.
by
Greek
consists
Cleaveland
See
norrhagia.
recommends
it in
Dr.
43.)
He
adds,
"
praises
Hill
says
it is
given
of
it in
the
in
distemperatures
were
acquainted
from
of
10
the
with
colour,
of
80
to
per
of
cure
recommend
it in
me-
Averrhoes
hjemoptysis.
(Collig.iv,
eyes.
desiccative.
grains in hemorrhages
Besides
eyes.^'
another
60
astringent and
25
to
to
oxide
for the
eyelids and
it is accounted
its
the
fi'om
Galen
also
They
diseases
from
used
was
(v, 143)
It
refer
to
Lexicon.
principallyof
quality.
Dioscorides
beg
fuller
stopping hemorrhages,
it contains
says
also
tators
commen-
For
called
stypticfor
It
of excellent
ophthalmy.
and
so
have
modern
others.
would
was
authors, namely, De
articles,we
Blood-stone
or
was
ancient
English
We
the
Hill, and
the
Dunbar's
to
H(ematites
iron.
these
on
of
some
Appendix
The
written
of
from
subject^especially
Psellus.
labours
the
Boet, Marbodeus,
descriptionof
our
freely of
and
used
stones
is derived
this
on
the
of
account
vii.
ancients
this, the
Blood-stone
which
and
they
call
Heliotrope.
The
fibrous
of the
The
it mixed
same
do
and
with
the
as
of
tincar
popular belief,
teeth
to
Hill
that
Galactites
Matthiolus
Dr.
it is used
says
in
the
of
of the
It
Dr.
soda.
Pliny
recommends
throat.
(H. N.
decided
on
to
xxxxvi, 33.)
likely that
seems
Arabians, although
pronounce
Kidd
supposed by
it
this
opinion.
the
was
point
One
we
of
worms
toothache
Is this the
is connected
with
originalof
the
in the
worms
The
Pliny
is
borate
it kills the
says
haematites, having
the
colour.
Pliny
for ulcers
Serapion's authorities
and
of
the
or
wax
venture
not
variety of
eyes.
borax,
Isidorus
ochre
Lapis Melitites
been
See
only
appearance
diseases
have
is
Schistos
and
remarks
most
probably
Sprengel
that
it
mention
consisted
that
principallyof
it is fovind
in
chalk.
Saxony.
clay,and
duratcd
Seifemtein
silica,with
Hill
it is
says
of
name
cajliac
of
cure
called
Achates,
of
consists
and
is
recommended
as
It
remedy
recommends
does
not
fever
for
the
by
it in haemoptysis,
for the
speaks
and
by Orpheus,
and
be
to
seem
'
Dr.
known
now
various
noticed
other
plaints.
com-
medical
the
by
authorities.
ancients
The
acquainted with
were
several varieties
of
Jasper.
talc and
various
Pliny (H. N. xxxvii,37.) Thej^ contained
it solely as
recommends
other
a
ingredients. Dioscorides
Galen
and
amulet
to
expedite delivery,(v, 159.)
phylactery or
See
Avicenna
of
the
speak
as
Strum.
The
is
being useful
bowels.
amulet.
an
Judaic-stone
that
(Mat.
to
appears
it is
Marinus, impregnated
Echinus
perhaps
commend
it
Dioscorides
in affections
Jasper
Lapis aneseh.
has
Laurentius
Med.
be the
Mirab.
of
the
calcareous
of
the
Pliny.
quills of
It
the
earth, silica,
ancient
Harduin
in
authorities
Plin.
H.
N.
triptic
only as a lithonmedicine, but a remedy for dysuria in general, (v,154.)
and Serapion also affirm that ihej had
Galen
experienced good
effects from it when
in
calculus
of
the
kidneys or bladder.
given
See in particularSerapion (c.390.)
Rhascs, howevei', affirms
that he had tried the lapisvesicae,
by which he probably means
xxxvii, 08.
this
article,but
1. ult.
not
so
The
414.)
Dr.
certain
had
not
Hill
that
From
our
found
says it
it is
Pyrites, when
sulphur.
recommends
brated
cele-
276.)
from
with
been
(De
Tecolithos
formed
magnesia. Most
lithontriptic.V.
some
as
the
Andreas
Hill
amulet
an
latter calls it
times
See
69), and
Sanat.
as
The
in modern
Even
ascertained
now
and
its
and
stomach
(ii,2, 108.)
of
it not
it to be
lithontriptic. (Cont.
is,undoubtedly, diuretic,but it is
lithontriptic.
burnt, forms
author's
an
account,
oxide
it is
of
copper
evident
that
'
"
as
talc, argil,and
manganese.
described
Agate, is well
or
Comm.
Speckstein
albus
fiuor
it
it
affections,and
favorablyof it also
The
It
Dioscorides
chalk.
French
recommends
Sprengel, is
to
proportion of iron
indurated
clay,and
an
conjectures that
(v, 149.)
eyes,
German.
in
small
of the
according
Morochthus,
The
Jameson
Dioscorides
earth.
Fuller's
223
Dr.
stone.
in defluxions
liniment
and
not
been
have
may
a
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
with
the
SIMPLES.
224
'
'
from
Plin3\
will,of
It
pyrites,and
same
some
it
A\acenna
in
Phrygian-stone
pumice
was
The
2, 405.)
(ii,
Ageratus does
He
use.
Boet
have
had
Basil,
t.
he
adds,
of
name
other
some
remedy
for burns.
great experience
in
acrid, and
Avicenna
also
Dioscorides
curriers
the
of it
See
ii,122, 208.)
which
uvula.
and
believe
we
stone
of
Carbuncle
old, and
that
of
or
leather
recommends
copies
discutient,and
it
from
him.
on
further
of
says
is
it
recommends
other
authorities
ix.)
See
also
it, that
in the
highly beneficial
light
as
colour.
same
and
spongy,
calls it
slightly
applicationto
an
of gout,
cure
of it in
treat
hip-bath prepared
Serapion, who
more
mereh^
(v,141.)
with
Galen,
it is
and
the
(De Simpl.
general terms.
copies from
Dioscorides
(c.393.)
Galen,
Amethyst
ancients
knew
from
neck
the
of the
gems
Dioscorides
salt.
comprehended
nant
fungated,ulcers, and those of a maligespecially
rescence
effloflower of it,by M'hich
meant
The
vras
an
of it, he says
does
the surface
good in phthisis.
more
nature.
The
ancients
the
Asian-stone
the
alum, nitre,and
septicand
and
the
mends
recom-
skin.
alum
proves
astringent and
or
says
contains
He
burnt,
heating,
astringent,cleansing,and
of other
ruby and a multitude
was
scarcelyused in medicine.
De
not
and
occur
inflamed
Anthrax
The
and
When
the
409.")
2,
(ii,
It
it
it is
says
particularlyin
the
not
calls
Galen
Pliny.
eyes, and
with
it has
ingredients. Dioscorides
says
moderately escharotic
powers,
professesto
(v,140.) Galen
in diseases of the eyes.
(Ed.
A'sdcenna
of the
under
per
cop-
from
calls it
of the
diseases
obstinate
other
leprosy and
The
obvious
marchasita
and
understood
He
described
is
It
diphryges.
vii.
tliat it is the
is very
This
iron.
be
may
understood
be
course,
the
not
the
it,and
nearly resembled
Molaris
CoMM.
"
[book
aware
xxxvii,40)
by
as
that
;
it
of
this
an
was
Marbodeus
times
our
used
the
Except
name.
amulet
is
to
in
same
that
prevent
medicine.
that
gem
it
was
suspended
drunkenness,
See
the
we
Pliny (H.
are
N.
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
The
is
Gagate
225
substance, containingComm.
fossil,bituminous
than
weaken
picked
only
not
mentions
He
(Ibid.)
in
Thracian-stonc
is
There
cure
sinuous
but
that
of
sores,
ulcers.
the
from
copy
of
river
Arabians
The
(45.)
See
and
that
in
Gagas
derives
stone
who
treat
of it
oil of
perhaps the
comprehend his reasons
suggests that
Aristotle
To
(De Anima.)
be
singular opinion, it would
necessary
theory of motion, as fully exposed in
Lucretius, with
Naturales.'
explain
(vi,1000.)
to
the
the
and
(in Timseo)
Plato
Magnet is animated.
for maintaining this
understand
to
his
considerable
which
in
manner
'
authorities
treat
to
ingenuity,attempts
attracts
iron,
Hippocrates (De
Steri-
magnet
its attractive
of it in
virtues
same
as
the
especiallySerapion, give
more
it, which
of
stone
at
all events
the
ancients
identifies
with
our
from
Baithar
taken
The
hold
of, and
Arabian-stone
in
fuller
Magnetis
loadstone, that
much
mends
recom-
Greek
merely statingof
haematite.
the
It was
magnetic oxide of iron.
applicationto poisoned wounds.
2, 463.) It
394) ; Avicenna
(ii,
medicine
manner,
very cursory
his
Auscultationes
Galen
property.
it in dropsies.Dioscorides, Galen, and the other
Ebn
desic-
Rhases
Mesne
2, 407.)
(ii,
Avicenna
400), and
as
had
interestingdescriptionof the
Nicander
quoted by Galen,
an
Greeks.
he
to
the
discover
not
passage
he.id,Theriac.
this
merely
the
which
bitumen
Sea
Thracian-
gagate rather
name.
under
could
he
that
Lycia, from
its
also of
of recent, but
found
he
of the Dead
in
operated beneficially
it
cant,
gagate and
of the
powers
shores
the
upon
up
the
increase
of
use
is,that
which
of
result
stone, the
medicinal
the
experience in
his
'
is
It
oil.
ethereal
and
carbon
The
Arabians,
descriptionof
or
Heraclean-
is to
say, the
as
an
by the Arabians
See
Serapion (De Simpl.
used
in the practiceof
Avas
Hippocrates (De Sterilibus.)
used
15
'
'
SIMPLES.
226
CoMM.
commended
Dioscorides
by
[book
for hemorrhoids
and
as
vii,
dentifrice,
"--^(v, 145.)
The
medicinal
thick
(ij63.)Galen
'Mineral.^
for
is
Alabastrites
says of
and
use,
concrete
that
when
it^that
it
See
Kidd's
it is
adapted
gypsum.
is
burned
sometimes
administered
affected
with
stomach
draiight to persons
complaints.
Dioscorides
speaks of its being applied externallyin such cases
along with wax ; calls it discutient, and says it represses the
in
It would
(v,152.)
gums,
eburneus
(Cont.
of
R-hases, who
1. ult.
calls it
this article
that
appear
is the
astringentand
an
Lapis
dentifrice.
i, 395.)
of
with
alumine,
small
Dioscorides
recommends
dentifrice;
he
proportions of
silex and
it in looseness
it with
ranks
of the
oxide
and
gums,
caustic
septic and
of iron.
a
as
substances,
(v,
165.)
The
lime.
Stones
in
They
were
consist
Sponges
much
commended
The
It
streaks.
See
Jameson's
was
useful
also
(v, 161.)
Dioscorides
Geocles
to
the
contains
Eagle-stone,
Eagle-stone.
recommends
to
spreading sores,
clearingthe cornea.
Avicenna
(ii,
2, 393.)
alHed
from
of
case
be
to
holds
copy
appears
it for
The
the
reported
Galen
recommends
breasts, and
called
so
its
serpentine
it to be
from
stung
persons
useful
by
in
lethargy
(De
lithontriptic.
Dioscorides
and
Galen.
2, 406.)
(ii,
Ostracites
The
in
Arabians
The
A^dcenna
See
amulet
an
was
Simpl. viii.)
lithontriptics.See
as
as
headache,
and
of
A^dcenna.
pellucid stone,
muriate
that
was
and
snakes,
is
and
the
principallyof
it
as
an
See
have
been
petrified oysters.
it
in
menorrhagia, in inflamed
also recommends
(v, 164.) Galen
(De Simpl. ^iii.)See in like manner
iron, argil,and
and
HilFs
hence
silica.
it is often
It
called
is
nearly
the
tard
Bas-
'Theophrastus.' Dioscorides
ophthalmic remedy, and as a liniment for
228
CoMM.
SIMPLES.
The
cases.
Eagle -stone
with
The
is of
have
been
one.
Dr.
which
rendered
The
Hill
earth, clay,and
for
it
H.
The
is
opinion
of
cyanus.
Dioscorides
pharmic,
and
the eyes,
(v,156.)
lazuli,"quotes
the
caustic,and
does
iron. It is often
mention
not
is prescribed
siliceous
it is
pared
com-
medicinal
any
of it that
it
use
used
was
further
See
copper,
confounded
which
ancients, to
ancients
is
Harduin
Beckmann
supposed by
virtues
for
it ;
the
and
Arabians,
the
quote
sapphirus
ulcerations
saying
eyelashes,that
of
that
it may
is
it
refer
it
alexi-
diseases
of
antidote
an
head
the
the
to
an
as
as
the
of
"
Lapis
promotes
the
fungous flesh,is
tic,
sep-
moderate
there
sapphirus
and
it that
it restrains
ulcerative;and Galen,
with
the
the
Galen
This
treating of
apparently
merely recommends
scorpions. Rhases, iinder
in
but
for internal
as
yet
descriptionsof
Galen,
Dioscorides
to
(History of Inventions.)
lazuli.
recommends
abstergent powers,
styptic
the
remedy
stingsof
of
common
and
now
Dioscorides
growth
the
not
talc, calcareous
merely states
asbestinum.
(v,155.)
Lapis
given by
the
it may
(xxxvi,31.)
difficultyattending
Lapis lazuli,do not
to
of
of the
He
the linum
the
is
thinks
Sprengel
applied,but
N.
been
was
small
proportion of
plumosum
Sapphirus
have
opinion.
composed
small
was
forming
in Phn.
Quincy. (165.)
a
Turquoise; but
as
turquoise, although
Dioscorides.
which
late
quantity of
it a valuable
ingredient in collyria. It
(v, 153.)
by Dioscorides.
purpose
Alumen
by
English Dispensatory
as
it contains
says
Atniantus
the
of
vii.
in the
Fuchsius^
to
different
species
for this
to
characters
Thyites,according
Matthiolus
with
retained
was
[book
be
as
mixed
in
coll^^riafor
the
'
eyes,
and
humours,
the
especiallyfor
which
hairs.
Averrhoes
be
1. ult.
Calais
the
Turquoise,or
The
the
(Cont.
and
also
i, 404.)
See
(Collig.
v, 43) ;
and
eyelidswhen
it represses,
The
of lime
the
of
Pliny
MempJiites
and
Gemma
See
iron.
the
contains
retinasphaltum
(Mineral, iii,178.)
and
of
Mr.
Haly
the
affected
with
sharp
growth of
prevents
also Serapion (c.389) ;
the
Abbas
ancients
(Pract. ii,45.)
is said
Turcica, which
by
consists
Dr.
Hill
to
principally
Thyites.
bitumen
and
Ilatchett, or
According
to
ethereal
retinite
Dioscorides,
oil.
It
of Jameson.
when
rubbed
is
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
smoothly
insensible
The
places about
upon
According
LycJtnitis,which
mentions
and
used
(v.158.)
Rhases,
this
It
used
It
glass.
Kidd
is
and
Jameson,
Smaraydus
our
emerald,
and,
far
as
describes
with
it.
Attic
useful
that
as
in
as
an
of
but
Roman,
or
We
ancients
there
is every
crystalsand
not
Aetius
know,
says
honey,
it
of
for
cures
other
Arabian,
Appendix
also
was
talc.
Moscovy
windows
in
sparry
place
of
See
gypsum.
the
head
of
unquestionably referable
believe, also
to
reason
of
stones
the
of Dioscorides
is the
of
roasted
vision
prehended
com-
jasper
Galen;
or
first medical
when
author
and
who
levigated
; that
it is most
extei'nallyand internally
;
We
are
bleeding, (ii,
39.)
ancient
has
of the
to
the
of it under
is
dimness
it restrains
any
epileptics,
it
i, 405.)
certain
it,that
both
elephantiasis,
amulet
soft,
their' fruit,
keep
as
in the works
occur
we
will treat
in the
the
He
that
aware
same
treated
is
minutely,
to
that
sembling
re-
ult.
ancients
as
Book.
coloured
It does
the
have
We
Fifth
The
kind.
of
variety of selenite, or
in the
Gypsum
them
head
was
adds,
make
to
it
draught
He
(Cont. 1.
the
by
as
women.
the
under
Dioscorides.
much
Comm.
the
as
It
describes
given
was
order
Lapis Specularis
was
to
trees
chapter of
The
it
in
to
same
describes
geographer,
Dioscorides
phylactery by
appended
the
colourless.
the
Dionysius
of it that
as
them
lamellated
compact
it is
Eustathius^
to
fire in lustre.
and
cut^ it renders
or
principallyof
consists
Selenites
pellucid,and
be burnt
to
danger, (v,157^)
without
gypsum.
229
authority,
noticed
whether
and
not
Greek,
it.
Bezour-stone
and
Gall-stone
of
the
bull
this section.
(calledalso XnoaTro^i^iov
AiBi"aiTf:^lxov
jj jjpa/cXetoi'),
Lithospcrmon, Gromwel,
Acgouychus,
drunk
with
of
white
Commentary.
or
officinale,
in the
quidcm
arte
is
Grnmioel.
terms
miraculo
alteriiis inter
seed
of
herl)
the
called
following
the
doubt
Pliny
"
aspexi.
Ncc
it
is
himself
expresses
quidquam
Tautus
folia candicantibus
est
the'
inter
decor,
when
LitJiospermum
respecting it
herbas
velut
margaritis:
majorc
aurilicum
tarn
exqui-
Comm.
'
'
'
SIMPLES.
230
'
lithontripticand
it the
give
(H.
N.
vii.
xxvii, 74.)
describes
Dioscorides
"
nascentis."
herba
lapidisex
sita difficultas
CoMM.
'
[book
it
it maintained
characters, which
same
it held
place in
times,
as
long
works
of
Parkinson, Culpeper,
as
the
and
it
modern
in
the
See
Dispensatory.
Quincy.
Aivoairepiiiov,
Lini
holds
it is
the
middle
'
It
of
inflammations
in
author,
Linum
eaten,
usitatissimwn,
of its medicinal
account
commends
womb,
and
and
(ii,125.)
uterus,
of it in very
treats
of the
further
bowels
the
When
externallyfor ephehdes,
internallyas an
expectorant
He
aphrodisiacal medicine.
in pains of the
enema
and
order,
it
and
complaints,
other
first
desiccants.
gives a long
virtues,recommending
and
seed
is the
Dioscorides
Linseed.
Angl.
and
the
roasted.
although
flatulent,even
in
heating
of diluents
rank
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
is
Linseed,
Semen,
as
and
as
an
hip-bath
Galen,
The
general terms.
it
van,
like
our
and
Arabians,
circumstantial
of it.
account
especiallyA^-icenna, give a more
(Cont. 1. ult. 426.)
(ii,2, 598.) See Serapion (c.21) ; Rhases
to
recommend
Dioscorides, they
Like
of
apostemes
of the
of diseases
as
chest
external
an
character, and
hard
it
application
internally for
the
cm'e
intestines.
and
AivoZ,(vcrTi^,
the
Mercurialis,
to be
that
known
its seed
when
of
excrescences
narphia, it
must
is found
green,
and
to
the
considerably laxative
them
be
must
of the
is discutient.
is rubbed
body,
make
they
Most
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
be
is
Mercury,
applied in cataplasms it
belly, and
the
herb
rubbed
botanical
ought
natural
preter-
\Tilgar call
,the
disappear.
often
those
upon
which
It
of
But
with
authorities
seed
the
it.
that
agree
'
''
Mercurialis
it is the
Hippocratic
treatises
Dioscorides, who,
INIateria
a
in water
to
the
as
pot-herb,
proves
popular
and
it in
and
a
cholagogue
notion
It
that
frequentlyin
occurs
article of diet
an
describes
130
Medica, (iii,
laxative
L.
annua,
and
laxative.
gentle
separate places
two
of
which
of
the
it
the
He
hydragogue.
leaves
of
the
as
of
his
being
decoction
also alludes
female
plant.
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
applied to
when
of
It does
not
in the
occuj
discover, in those
of
Averrhoes, who
calls it
as
Cassia
produced by
for diseases
vinegar
and
errhine.
in
virtues
from
taken
Galen
Aetius
of
says
the
writers
it,
have
treated
Charras, who
appears
of it that
Kkewise
is from
the
oz.
plant
people
in the
it
garden,
bowels."
is of
written
of
Pharm.
is
vulgar,
is
carplda.
for
ing
purg-
this testimony,
ancient
suspccta:
menstruums.
Alston
106.)
Dr.
Hill
says
is eaten
by
cultivated
when
largely it gently
place in
of
says
all the
provokes the
If eaten
catory
masti-
experience,affirms
nature, and
It held
(Mat. Med.)
in
HoAvever, Moses
from
spinach,which,
greatly excels.
boiled
Virtus
says,
powers.
emollient
manner
of
"
iij." (Roy.
its laxative
an
its leaves
author
constat."
belly,and
to
ulcers
mercury
that
class
the
reading
herb
can
lent
excel-
Notwithstanding
nobis
have
to
acknowledges
This
as
the
uses
we
it evacuates
narplna, by the
the
an
our
'
'
male.
same
its flower
What
by
it,Bergius
of
the
particularto
spleen, and
Comm.
exception
proves
recommends
called
rite
it loosens
"
dose
late
of the
everybody
nondum
"
further
in
who
the
says
in wine
and
sores,
diseases
emollicns
The
boiled
(i),where, however,
"
as
with
like, and
vis
the
(Collig.v, 42.)
the
far
as
nor,
gentle purgative of
and
He
burns.
of
Celsus,
her
female, while
conception
Arabians,
fistula,tamarinds, and
its
of
of the
any
of
conception
works
after
generation
male
the
of
in
parts of
period,will promote
menstrual
those
woman's
231
of
it,
many
in the
the
opens
Dispensatory
our
as
Quincy. (106.)
AlTpOl',
Nitrum,
'Nitre
between
powers
becomes
it cuts
place
in
The
the
of the
nitrum
thick
The
and
and
the
clcailv
indicates
from
more
than
Chalcstra,
for arthritic
from
it
internally
desiccative,so
head, and
the
burnt
When
humours
and
following extract
intermediate
If taken
viscid
acrid
of
salts.
(so called
more
from
possessed
is
discutient.
Chalestrsean
for defluxions
Commentary.
tion
and
Thessalonica)is
it is used
?),
aphronitrum
attenuates
other.
any
the
^oda
attenuate
more
and
(or
that
plaints.
com-
Pliny'sdescrip-Comm.
substance
to
which
he
'
"
SIMPLES.
232
CoMM.
appliesit :
Non
"
[book vii.
est
multum
"
*
sale distans.
account
native
found
plentifully
These
in
lakes,six in
from
Terrana,in
bouate
and
cai'bonate
what
number,
of soda
called
are
valley surrounded
muriate
of soda
In
the Lakes
westward
are
"
of the
Egypt
it is
Natron.
of
Nile,not
by Umestone.
The
far
car-
exist
or
and
Arabians
of soda.
the
Were
Greeks, Romans,
then
the nitrate
or
entii'ely
ignorantof saltpetre
it
how largely
potash? This seems
incredible,
considering
is distributed in Europe, Asia, and
Africa ; and, therefore,
cannot
we
bring ourselves to think that this mineral can
have entirely
escapedthe observation of the ancients ; and if
this were
the proper placefor such a disquisition,
believe
we
that we
could state satisfactory
for drawing the conreasons
clusion,
that "nitrum"
it
the
well
to
to
as
was
as
applied
of
other
we
mineral.
are
authors
But
at the
same
time,as
mentioned
of soda.
with regard to
Dioscorides,
the
native
its medicinal
above,
medical
nate
carbopowers,
metasyncritic
powers,
the
respecting Aphronitrum
under that head.
Our author abridgesGalen's account
of it,
but omits to mention, as stated by Galen, and also by Aetius,
that the diflPerent kinds
of nitre were
popularlyused as
of
All the
counter-agentsin cases
poisoningby mushrooms.
Arabians
under the
treat largelyof this substance
generally
of baurach.
name
See Avicenna
2, 84) ; Rhases (Cont.
(ii,
1. ult. iii,
115); Mesue
(De Simpl.xvii)
j Serapiou(c.401);
(v,129.) We
have
givenhis views
or
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
Abbas
Haly
(Cont.
gemmse."
sali
simile
for
the
of
rure
diseased
to
prurigo
joints,
scabies, and
and
and
with
along
for the
ear
is said
nitrum,
and
that
it
varieties
with
It
it.
the
applicationto
when
of the
stomach.
occasion
His
vomiting.
acquainted
with
with
his
as
an
wonted
it,
suppositoriesas
desire
Abbas
better
friction
that
prevent
be
will
become
to
genious
in-
many
which
states
will
sometimes
has
nitrum,
Haly
affections
it will
Costa,
invasion
of
hour
the
in
that
says
who
those
to
subject.
this
it before
with
he
ancient
the
poisoning
commentator,
on
interesting
very
phlegm,
Avicenna,
Like
observations
found
viscid
and
other
recommending
distinctly,
clysters,and
in
powers,
and
blood
bull's
ternally
ex-
it into
the
of
cases
it
African
or
than
dogs. Mesne,
very
mouth,
of crude
evacuant
an
powers
the
given by
of mad
bites
its
precision,states
and
cautharides,
mushrooms,
in
them
by
est
remove
emetic
humours
of gross
used
was
aphronitrum,
possessedof
be
to
incisive
more
was
of
Avicenna
by
figs
'
'
et
cation
appli-
an
to
injectionof
an
The
of deafness.
ciu-e
as
Comm.
'
used
They
ii,508.)
1. ult.
Rhases
"
what
marks
233
attack
an
of ague.
Aoyyr^iTiq,
Lonchitis,
which
is diuretic.
carrot, and
and
like
triangular seed,
has
the
resembles
which
Spleenwort
Rough
when
dried,
the
But
the
spear,
resembles
green
leaves
drunk
with
that
of
that
of
the
species
agglutinativeof wounds
scolopcndrium, are
and
species
that
of
root
vinegar, they
indurated
cure
spleens.
Our
Commentary.
Lonchitis
has
been
is taken
which
be
other, which
the
would
is still
name
anti-inflammatory, and
the
spleen.
account
of
Dioscoridcs.
Galen
it.
Sec
the
Such
Of
seem
to
be the
appropriated,he
the
of
Avicenna
other
the
species of
two
Serapias Lingua,
for
recommends
and
of the
account
Dioscoridcs.
conjectured to
The
to
from
author's
he
calls
(ii,2, 33G.)
vulnerary
reducing
as
is diuretic.
speciesoiaspidium,
authorities
Arabians
says
treat
give
of
and
size
the
a
Comm.
'
of
similar
it follow
SIMPLES.
234
[book
vii.
AvKoxpig,
Hound'
Lycopsis,
Dioscorides
s-tongue
in
polenta
if rubbed
that
and
erysipelas,
with
it agrees
astringent
an
Avitli
applied
Avhen
tliat
says,
having
root,
plasm,
cata-
oil
in with
it is sudorific.
Echium
the
is either
It
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
'
'
the
Oribasius,
and
well
as
notice
Arabians
If the
of it at all.
or
author,
Galen, Aetius,
do
Celsus,
and
Hippocrates
as
Our
Dioscorides.
from
borrows
acknowledges,
he
as
Italicum, L.,
former.
the
do
it,they
treat
not
the
under
so
of Anchusa.
head
AvKlOV,
Buckthorn,
Lycium,
part
of
cutient,
and
one
other,
the
gently astringent;
and
calefacient
and
They
as
ulcers
'
he
teiTQined
the
author,
same
lycium,
of the
is
Berberis
pruritus
eyelids,punilent
the
of
lips,
chapped
fissure
the
gums,
and
both
dysentericafi'ections,
haemoptysis
The
forth.
and
at
coughs
and
Indian,
he
in
in female
states,
cures
the
to
being nearly
any
length.
the
same
holds
as
oiu*
that
the
See
of
cure
Indian
also
various
psoriasis,and
anus
ulcers
in
and
of
ceeliac
clysters;
of
inflammation
purges
recommends
fluxes, hydrophobia,
need
speciesis
and
the
account
not
in
so
spleen
and
water,
Galen's
author's, we
The
Royle
(x^ii,
83)
tonsils,
draughts
the
He
and
of
leave
to
as
Lycium.
cornea,
ears
jaundice,prevents menstruation,
counter-agent
it
of
obscm'ities
as
de-
desatisfactorily
now
Transact.'
Linn.
(Antiq. of Hind. Med. 32), and
Dioscorides
Pereii-a
(Materia Medica, 1152.)
of these
former
the
an
as
astringent for the
such
so
infectorius.
'
complaints,
and
discutient.
as
Rhamnus
the
to
product
the
be
to
produces
points
of the
Indicum
Lycium
which
tree
that
doubt
no
the
the
distinct
sufficiently
gives a
Dioscorides
scriptionof
of
dysenteric cases
inflammations
in
'
'
and
cseliac
degree.
obstructions
in
and
degree,
intermediate
an
detergent
and
in
second
in the
dis-
best.
is the
Commentary.
CoMM.
as
astringent in
an
ill-conditioned
Indian
it is desiccative
refrigerant
it,therefore,
use
pupil, and
The
that
so
powers,
and
cooling
part, being
terrene
or
heterogeneous
heating, attenuate,
ingredients being
its
of
composed
is
is
of
expound
far stronger
SIMPLES.
236
Agrostemma
CoMM.
'
"
and
gogue,
remedy
in the
Galen
10^-5.)
(iii,
of the
characters
and
the
Lychnis
Dioscorides
by
of persons
case
in
coronaria
vii.
chola-
stung by scorpions,
merely
general
not
the
state
We
terms.
Arabians,
of the
be
to
authorities
other
found
not
it is said
githago
[book
have
in Ebn
even
Baithar.
AwToq,
Lotus, Bird's-footTrefoil(?);
trifolium.
called
some
desiccative
order
or
Nettle-tree,consists
and
water,
hairs
'
*
to, than
to
referable
to
perhaps
of
it,
"
Barbary,
speciesof
be
can
trees
this
call it
both
when
second
The
is
The
Lote,
moderately
the female
drunk
It
injection.
further
enter
with
wine
also
strengthens
into
the
Lotus,
Arbor
of the
which
to
doubt,
its
gave
for
often
also
literary
given
referred
of
some
Zizyphus Lotus,
Dr.
by
nabk.'^
and
the
the
the
its
says
ancient
Arabs
of
(^ eg. Kingd.
other
authorities
Perhaps
The
is
with
Lindley
to
name
food
at
Trifolium,
probably
its berries
carulea.
the
was
so
tribe.
of Dioscorides
named
have
called
the
same
collected
sadar, and
we
already
and
officinalis,
day
lotus
melilotus
no
bread.
applicablefor
determined.
satisfactorily
been
never
into
it is
the
Lotus
Lote-bush,
wild
the
to
as
detergent.
Hence
Appendix,
that
the
who
somewhat
particles,and
not
Melilotus
is to
The
582.)
the
other
The
Lotophagi,
has
the
some
belongs
subtile
an
need
mention
and
congeners,
lotus
bowels,
in
temperament
proper
interesting subject,which
in
length
some
of the
^Ve
this
of
history
wild
fallingout.
are
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
that
of
is also made
of
used
when
or
is
is also
astringent.
for fluxes
fluor,and
the
the
lotus
Egyptian
desiccative
or
of
calefacieuts,and
of
of the
seed
seed
species is by
rately
detergent and mode-
possessed of
and
poAvers,
The
heat.
to
It is
cultivated
the
it
the
was
Egyptian lotus,there
Nymph(Ba Lotus,
L.
Dioscorides
of remark
and
eaten
Nymphaa
other
the
loti
main,
that
the
by
in
are
the
this
rhizomes
jSTegroes of
nymphsea
Senegal. See
section.
Our
from
Dioscorides
copied
under
of the
this
head.
See,
author's
in
or
like
are
still roasted
further
characters
Galen,
manner,
who
under
of
agree,
Aetius
the
in
and
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
loti,and
have
Arabians
The
Oribasius.
more
been
treat
237
of the
great length
at
which
different
Comm.
'
'
they
'
must
(ii,
3, 298, 513);
Baithar
i, 487) ; Ebn
(Cont.
Serapion (c. 120) ;
it as a powerful astringent in
ii,539.)
They all recommend
of the
looseness
bowels, bloody flux, monorrhagia, ulcers of
1. nit.
Rhases
of
Serapion^s
indeed,
from
Odyssey
of
been
of
used
and
known
of
there
Homer,
in
occm's
fable
the
the
whetter
contained
of food
that
of
treatises
Hippocratic
doubt
no
article
an
as
the
One
chest.
and
Lotophagi,
be
can
of the
it stomachic
calls
lotus
The
affections
and
asthma
authorities
appetite.
the
in
and
bowels,
the
in the
the
had
lotus
long before
time
the
Hippocrates.
Ma
is
Macer
bark
properties.
hence
Under
Commentary.
of
words
quote
the
bark
from
and
particles,
head
by
cooling
astringent;
better
excellent
an
than
"
Macer, a
livingauthority:
thought to be
region, has been
d'Acosta.
Crist.
is
do
cannot
we
this
anticlysenterica,
supposing
Wrightia
and
in
dysenteric complaints.
this
Barbaric
the
desiccative
heating
to
as
of subtile
cseliac and
with
it agrees
India, being
intermediate
consists
It
/CEO,
from
brought
and
order,
third
the
(Clus.
Exot.
be
to
the
Comm.
scribed
de-
macre
as
a bark, I had
always described
of Rhododendron
the
leaves
lepidotum under
highly aromatic
of talisfur. Mafur and
mafurbooz are in Persian works
name
is
assigned
the
macer
Hindoo
as
the
Greek
doubt
that
the
Thus
words
manner,
from
different
was
the
under
mace,
of
Dioscorides.
the
in
from
his
nutmeg,
he
which
the
chapter
the
there
mace,
two
on
name
(Antiq.of
A\dcenna.^'
(ii^2, 448.)
macer.
which
under
Though
confounded
Avicenna,
on
by
to
Royle).
Arabians
of Paulus
memljranc
or
Dr.
91, by
Greeks, then,
the
taUsafar,
is alluded
of Dioscorides
Med.
of
names
of
macer
be
can
no
substances
raace,
Serapion
correctlydescribes
gives the characters
gether.
to-
quotes
as
of
the
in like
the
rind
macer
M"Xnj3a0pov,
^Malabathrum
the
leaf of
it has
powers
like the
'
"
spikenard.
"
SIMPLES.
238
Commentary.
CoMM.
[book
Dr.
'
"
'
Cassia
Cassia,
well
as
the
"
bark, says,
sold
are
of
called
Folia
the
Indica,
of
the
query
is
of Laurus
product
it,
does
Pereira
Dr.
quod
in
holding
Dr.
it to
Malahathrum,
modern
Greek
macopoeia,
Phar-
Cassia-buds
the
L.
Malahathrum.
sine
ulla radice
or
Ind.
Indicum.
Laurus
the
cially
espe-
Baitar, makes
Ibn
put whether
Cassia,
dictum
Folium
"
In
same.
are
(Med.
agree
Folium
the
of
to be
and
also
the
are
more
Cassia."
Royle
of
leaves
which
Laurus
namon-tree
Cin-
names
they
these
name
Lauriis
of the
the
that
commerce
the
of
Cinnamon-leaf,
Cassia, or
South
be
leaves
" 35.)
the
In
Malahathra,
or
the
appliesto
notion
Cassia.
Laurus
under
bazaars
tejpat, from
lav)angapatery and
leaves
Indian
in the
Lignea, or
the
the
as
of
leaves
narrow-pointed
vii.
be
Isidorus
innatans
the
says
in Indise
littoribus
called
unguenti
speciem
of
Malaljathrinum
ascribes
it
as
like
it all the
to
them
it possesses
in
The
after
little more,
Dioscorides.
in
The
believe, in the
and
it with
the
a
brief
all,than
copy
the
Avicenna
the
He
of
works
antidotes
he
authorities,
notice, comparing it
greater length, but
Celsus
and
but
also mentions
Greek
characters
(ii,2, 253)
Dioscorides
spikenard ;
other
of it at
of his
one
Indian
Dr.
Malahathrum.
cephalic.
treat
in
once
of
superiordegree.
Unguentum
ancients, as
virtues
Arabians
See
only
the
of the
Galen
author, dismiss
our
of
much
virtues
(i,11.)
scent,
spikenard.
occurs
said
the
is
(i,76.)
it
call
They
says
Dioscorides.
remarks, have
This
scimus."
esse
Avhich
on
Malahathrum
"
Porphyrion, remarks,
his commentator,
passage
Hill
Malabathro
"
does
of it
to
do
given by
Serapion (c.53.)
(v,23),
not
occur
as
dient,
ingre-
an
at
It
all,we
HippocraticCollection.
MoXa/Tj,
Mallows
Malva,
emollient
also
weaker.
is drier.
but
the
Its
the
wild
garden,
is
as
fruit,however,
moderately
being
is
as
more
much
discutient
and
moistening,
is
stronger
it
as
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
Commentary.
plies
applicable,namely,
and
uterus
womb,
and
as
fruit,when
allayspains
Greek
the
about
reed
the
authorities
It
in
occurs
praisesit
as
works
the
The
add
excellent
by
the
Arabians
they
brieflycommends
chest
and
for
lengthy
complaints
of
thick
being
of
sort
knots, which
mata,
as
lungs
applicationin
are
of
for
of
He
and
and
in
one
name
general
demulcent.
the
latter
gentle laxative,
but
have
little to
given
powers
ties
Serapion^s authoriin
in
afl'ections of the
hot
recommends
of
it
(c.
too
internallyin
externally as
herb, having,
cicatrices
attenuate
to
apostemes.
lient
emol-
an
2, 194.)
(ii,
cases,
radicle
mentioned
article is not
as
it were,
and
leuco-
by Dioscorides, Comm.
pungent
of
the
it for
nails ; he
pain
of the
antidotes
commentator
Doronicum.
we
recommends
appliesvery
of
it,
other
highly interesting,but
liver,and
believed
cleaning the
jaundice
Paulus
it is
varietyof
This
cleansing,and
where, his
of
the
writers,with
occurs
cataplasm
eye, and
Celsus
as
with
more
its medicinal
One
breasts
and
and
to
Commentary.
and
the
in
fully;
demulcent
poisoning, as
purpose.
the
IMamiras, is
as
account
our
Galen
it
it
all copy.
it
bladder, and
Avicenna's
149.)
of
bowels,
is mixed
and
recommends
treat
diseases
of the
to
discutient
gently
descriptionof
Dioscorides, whom
milk
medicine
'
it
says it is beneficial
lotus
Hippocrates
pot-herb,and
(vii,27.)
to
of
wild
as
'
'
prepared
so
of
cases
(ii,144.)
it
be
to
pains
attracts
bladder,
terms, representing it
in
praisesin
the
of
also
hip-bath in
stomach, and
of
treat
as
enema
persons
Comm.
incipientfistula lacliry-
decoction
he
of the
evacuation
in
furfures, and
suitable
its broth
anus;
producing
its
and
probably comprehended
to which
minutely the cases
and
erysipelas; its
tliat it apother
cataplasm
for burns
of the
as
doubt
to
reason
no
describes
Dioscorides
malis, with
seems
sylvestris,but
Malva
to
species.
is
There
239
says,
well
to
the
of
clearing away
adds
of it that
albugo
of tlie
it is useful
in
description of it given by
known
root
otticinally
by the
the
SIMPLES.
240
[book
vii.
Mai'Spoyopoc,
belongs to the third order of cokl
apples have a certain share of heat and
they are
possessed of a soporific
power.
of it being stronger is not
only cooling,
Mandragora, Mandrake,
medicines.
bark
but
CoMM.
hence
and
humidity,
The
its
But
of the
root
also desiccant
but
the
Waiving
Commentary.
ancient
INIandragora,we
that
believe
we
M.
the
of
Mas
Dioscorides
part of it is weak.
inner
authors
ancient
like
M.
Man-
autumnalis.
M.
directs
of
manner,
been
have
Femina
frequent mention
make
Celsus
soporific
powers.
the patient's
pillow in cases
DioscorideSj in
the
to
its
says,
its
juice; that
mandrake
deprive the person of his speech. He mentions
as
ingredient in anodyne collyria and pessaries,and says
smelled
in
an
also their
to, and
sleep. He recommends
given to patientsbefore they
the
it induces
enema
mandragora to be
to the
operation
for
directions
of
cutting
making
bui'ning.
or
various
the
He
as
that
of
wine
subjected
are
gives
minute
preparationsof mandragora.
an
by giving from information
of another
account
species of mandragora, called morion,
which
he represents as being powerfullynarcotic ; and hence
as
about
when
to operate by
men
by medical
being administered
and
cutting or burning. This plant we agree with Dodonseus
been
have
of Theophrastus,
in thinking must
the M.
Cordus
Considering the diligenceof the
namely, the Atropa Belladonna.
ancient
herbahsts, it is not likelythat they should have wholly
donna.
overlooked
so
prominent and important an article as the Bella-
concludes
He
his
Plants, 314)
of
of
The
account
from
Dioscorides.
propter
(H.
N.
for
word
mixtus
cortex
\dno
ciu'am
secandum
Cujus
like
Serapion
in
and
that
says
amputation
to
it
do
mandragora
word
almost
''
on
it
objections stated
The
(Theatre
chapter
manner
was
diminish
xxv,
to
not
this
appear
opinion by
to
us
given by Pliny
94.) Our author
from
Galen.
ad bibendum
of
is
much
mostly
and
Isidorus
iis datur
Parkinson
Aetius
says
quorum
force.
taken
row
borof
it,
corpus
seutiaut."
non
soporatidolorem
describes
it as
a
powerful narcotic,
administered
before
the performance of
partisensibility,
(c. 333.) Avicenna
est,
ut
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
He
medicine.
narcotic
the
cularly commends
bile.
of
soporific powers
its action
in
of this
Comm.
suppository.
'^
The
and
it exerts
that
says
241
its
death.
the
Averrhoes
brieflysays
its bark
also
E-hases
is
bowels
of its
says, that
1. ult.
hellebore,
like
apples,that they
desiccative,but
(Cont.
and
concrete
and
stomach
evacuates
evacuates
Dioscorides, he
Like
stop menorrhagia.
that
adds,
its root
are
weaker,
Ser\itor
i, 446.)
2, 357.)
(ii,
and
soporific,
(v. 42.)
describes
expressedjuice of mandi'agora.
an
could
he
calls
mandi-ake
The
See
both
former,
be
lachryma,
procured everysays
where.
writers
allude
its
to
non-professional
fic
soporiof
Lucian
Thus
KaOevSeiv.
speaks
viro
fiav^fuyopag
powers.
of the head, that
(Timon.) Pollux says that it produces heanness
which
he
not
the
Even
in such
impliesthat they
it.
By the days of
acquaintance with
its internal
on
had
use
we
might not
operationon
writers
works
of
be
reA"ived.
the
latest
abandoned,
the continent.
be
been
That
animal
the
economy
Orfila,Chiistison, and
state, that
to
proper
the
both
in
its
why
ancients
the
Thuris,
and
III.
pensatories,
Dis-
our
well-regulateduse
described
and
by
See
conclusion
Ai'abians
not
and
and
its
our
the
it may
Persians
antispasmodic.
contained
in the
powers
to
frankincense, but
feebled
en-
Hill
broke
off
Roman
of
says
it, "
]Manna
thuris
est Comm.
corticis
Dr.
and
country
Medica.
In
Quincy,
Xij3ai"ov,
similar
Gesner
fragraina minora
Greek
this
gently astringent.
Commentary.
ticum.)
has
and
have
Materia
Pereira.
modern
Mai'va
^lanna
practical
disappearedfrom
the
use
much
Boerhaave
maudragora as a narcotic
See Ainslie
(Mat. Ind. i, 1, 116.) It is
Greek
Pharmacopoeia of the present day.
still
not
mandi'ake,
is admitted
correctly,
Toxicology and
on
of the
had
as
way
Gerard, Parkinson,
writers
ramentis
make
no
mention
of the
manna
16
now
SIMPLES.
242
ill use,
CoMM.
had,
Actuarius
INI. V,
properly
medicinal
the
in
We
it from
will
treat
of
the
to
this
Appendix
bv the
in
first ; it therefore
the
vii.
Ornus.
the
true
section,
bians.
Ara-
manna
among
the
degree, but
desic-
Arabians.
in the third
Fraxinus
of
the
introduced
substances
tlie
use
learned
8.)
of
juice
concrete
doubt,
no
(Meth.
more
the
namely,
[book
milk
forms
and
relieves
sions
suffu-
of the eye.
Dioscorides
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
"
"
properties of
medicinal
than
of the
any
it
milk;
as
diuretic,and
as
being alexipharmic,and
mad
in
dogs
and
of
in those
the
of
gum
to
Mat.
of the
uterus
the
an
is
in
It
frequently in
occurs
articles
The
terms
324)
They
which
Arabians
as
Averrhoes
;
all
sight.
vulgare, is
The
other
not
See
unknown
held
Galen,
the
(ii,31), and
repress
fennel
in
among
moUifj^ (ii,
33.)
nearly
(ii,2, 274)
; Ehases
the
same
Serapion (c.
1. ult.
(Cont.
diseases
stating that
their
eyes
i, 293.)
of
pharmic,
alexithe
eyes.
vipers and
fennel
upon
ed.
to
other
improve
now
been
Quincy
of
(?) as
rub
This
takes
suitable
follow
and
applicationin
species,Foeniculum
Matthiolus
have
Democritus
creatures
racters,
cha-
same
being diuretic,-emmeuagogue,
as
excellent
an
quote
time
Avicenna
See
it
diuretics
his
same
fully
plant
(Collig.v, 42)
represent
venomous
their
at the
Greeks.
the
the
the
and
author
our
the bites
on
givesit the
and
it among
treat
and
They
ranks
Celsus
Foes.)
the
Aetius
collvria.
bladder
collyria,and
main,
74.) Galen,
Spain, (iii,
holding it to be diuretic,emmeuagogue,
in
and
of
emmeuagogue
produced
in the
iueredient
secretion
applicationto
ingredient
it,which
Foeniculum)
kidneys
as
the
JNIed.,
representing
promote
suitable
as
exposition of
[Anethum
the
on
excellent
an
especiallythe
more
substance
as
as
of
"
this
authorities
other
fuller
gives a
it for
place
(77.)
to
in
our
the
the
cliilce,
or
ancient
Pharmacopoeia (68.)
Fennel, although
Maratliron,
ancients.
Dispensatory
It still holds
Sweet
would
The
former
down
to
place
in the
seem
to
however,
species,
recent
modern
period.
Greek
SIMPLES.
244
alludes
CoMM.
'
mineral
the
to
[book
of
pinguent
Inda.
Tinctura
"
'
Beckmann's
History
head
the
under
We
(ii,2, 689.)
Atramentum
of
of
beg
Inventions^
which
author,
our
'
refer
to
he
calls
readers
our
curious
for much
yii.
to
tion
informa-
Ind'iyo.
is
metallicum,
powerfully astringentwith
sub-
tiltyof parts.
Dioscorides
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
'
'
descriptionof
them
be
can
or
less of
we
being
copper,
the
He
Dioscorides.
of subtile
and
between
action
the
the distinction
follows
Arabians
of
those
of
be
likelyto
far
As
the
as
of
melauteria
caustic
same
as
powers
from
to
set
down
of Dioscorides
that
Dioscorides.
works
weak
but
caustic,
There
is
mention
no
of
sutorium.
Atramentum
distinct
give any
(ii,2, 47.)
(i)y^cKfyo/iiev,
"
dissolved
when
but
straightway relieves
in
this,too, is decidedly
and
oxycrate
rubbed
in, it
burns.
Writing
Commentary.
Serapion
(De Miner.)
of it.
account
scriptorium,IVriting Ink
Atramentum
desiccant
Avicenna
See
Mt'Xav
CoMM.
more
The
Hippocrates, Celsus, and Pliny.
confuse
their
descriptionof it by mixing together
misy, chalcitis,and sori along with it,under the head
the
also fails to
contained
strong astringentand
Oribasius
and
One
certainty.
copper.
Sprengel
different
of
none
is not
Galen,
of it in
of
hence
of
yet
ferruginous arseniate
"
the
it
calls
being
as
most
of
all have
must
it has
and
parts ;
his melanteria
is the
it, and
degree
named
says
of
in mines
found
Galen
they
mineral
copper" by Cleaveland,
of
any
circumstantial
pretty
varieties
with
certain,that
judge,
can
four
or
recognized
is
thing only
three
gives
Ink.
Dioscorides
describes
the
'
*
of
composition
of
the
the
soot
of
two
of
soot
Oribasius
Montfauyon
it is
pines
rosin, bull's
of the inks
6),
different
adapted
used
(Med.
kinds
with
gum,
glue, and
by
the
Collect,
the
healing
ink
and
the
the
other
a
fuller
N.
says
and
count
ac-
xxxv,
(Orig. xix),
Dioscorides
putrid ulcers
ing
consist-
containing
Pliny (H.
xiii),Isidorus
of
former
For
copperas.
ancients, see
of
and
of it that
burns,
when
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
rubbed
with
in thick
allowed
and
water
245
to
Comm.
^
trization
takes
the
principleof
the crusts
be
the
ulcers
are
to
sutorium.
in
with
the
also to the
alludes
notices
only
the
once,
skull,
(viii,4.)
(ii,
2, 689.)
Dioscorides.
practiceof
same
directs
the Atramentum
scriptorium he
operation of trephining
describing the
the
to
throat, but
or
alum, chalcitis,
Atramentum
The
Avicenna
alludes
healed,
formed
applicationfalls off
MfAoi'0101',
hence
and
when
taken
it agrees
mecia, and
enumerates
all the
these
author
secretion
dyspnoea
when
drunk
and
have
says,
given
is
with
wine;
away
to
seems
catarrhs
heating
be
the
to.
remedies
to
an
Materia
or
of
And
subtile
in
which
form
removes
stung by
of
it is most
in his
INIcdica,of which
Aetius.
the
as
we
Gith, he
third
cloth, so
in
virtues
him
ordei',and
parts ; wherefore
linen
gation
fumi-
drunk
medicinal
by
it
says
when
down
our
tion
exposi-
an
He
milk
fatal
from
it
to
carminative, when
be
cures
stantly
con-
taken
into
the
of
substance
ter
fine-wroughtl^ythe heat, wherefore, also,it is bit-
for it
shown
that when
body,
was
as
terrene
is obvious
from
in the Fourth
substance
Book
arrives
at
is formed.
elaboration, the bitter cpiality
of these
an
extreme
No
Comm.
applicable.
persons
prove
extract
in
into
the
explains its
the
to
is
and
menses,
Diosco-
'
"
head.
principleslaid
applied hot
smelled
this
drying according to
attenuant,
when
Galen
expositionin
and
hence
empirical style,
much
in
reptiles,
reported
dissertation
an
minative
car-
incisive, and
those
enter
on
urine,
scientifically,
upon
preliminary
parts ;
is most
Gith.
usual
as
not
of
of
the
leprosies,
ejectsmyr-
his
same
need
drives
it is
that
and
this substance
Dioscorides
the
in
the
it,we
of
spiders;
detergent
which
are
promotes
venomous
in
bitter,and
Nigella sativa, or
in
main
views
the
is also
It
also
is the
cases
recommends
of
catarrhs, and
cures
precision,and
the
in
desiccant
menstruation.
It
great
to it
orthopnoea,cleanses
promotes
Commentary.
and
It is
with
rides, with
calefacient
internally.
anthelmiuthic.
hence
As
also
smelled
when
it is
is
It
degree.
is
parts, and
Commentaries,
tenuity and
wonder, then, if it
'
'
"
SIMPLES.
246
eaten, but
CoMM.
proves
'
'
[book
'
juice does
mecia^
need
formerly
Nor
this.
it
And
thus
it
menstruation, when
viscidityof
to
one
views, we
the
in
(ii,2, 516)
Avicenna
Galen.
be used
of
of the other
was
wish
we
is
(De
Galen's
The
authorities.
For
to
medicine.
Hippocrates, but
gith
be
to
not
Arabians,
the
gith has
myr-
what
exposition of
an
see
Serapion
footstepsof Dioscorides
for
ceased
in
useful
most
closelyin the
the
Though
remembers
word, when
Celsus.
Rhases
all follow
(c.328.) They
and
Avorks
of
full
so
those
on
INIat. INIed.
the
with
met
be brief
must
in
occurs
given
bitter
orthopnoea^and promotes
and
by the thickness
and, in
Sirapl.xdii.) Having
who
restrained
humours
the
that
leprosy,clavus, and
it relieves
is
applied ex-
shown
formerly
removes
wonderful
seem
said.
it
that
when
vii.
time
some
after
sought
to
past
as
spice.
See
MeXi,
Mel, Honey, is heating and
and
is also
desiccant
in
considerablydetergent.When
acrid,detergent and
cathartic,but
boiled
the
of
is less
and
stomach
'
"
The
sweet
with
powers,
of
that
is
advantage
the
of
use
us,
bitter
being
terrene
from
but
is
Araby
possessed
of
not
injuring
it.
honey,
is mentioned
less
But
brought
with
additional
the
On
honey
than
it becomes
powers,
(Sugar) Avhich
Sacchar
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
The
Blessed
equal
the
'
hot.
order,
second
nutritious.
more
the
in
see
Book
T,
fragment of
s.
69.
Theo-
noticed
by Dioscorides
phrastus.(ed.Heinsius.) It is distinctly
(i,104), Strabo (Geogr. xv), Pliny (H.N. xii,17), Galen
(Med.
Oribasius
Collect,
Isidorus
xi),
(Med.
Simpl. vii),
(Orig.xvii,7),
Alexander
a
nd
Aphrodisiensis (Probl.),
Symeon Seth (in voce
Sacchar.) It is alluded
Et
"
Lucan
however,
as
Statins
cannas."
in the
"
Silv.
following line
is remarked
the
frequent mention
i,6, 15.
it. (Pharsal.iii,237.)
All the Arabian
word, make
Sprengel, that
by
praecoquit.Ebusita
also mentions
authors, in
and
quas
to
of it.
It is
medical
obvious,
sugar
was
concretion
formed
upou
it
SIMPLES.
in.]
SECT,
the
from
different
was
in
the
with
which
that
the
the
"
'
it is
that
of Lucan
arundo'^
the
be
familiar,
most
were
Bambu
the
although
ancients
tenera
sugar-reed of
says
that
Hill states
Dr.
of sugar
'"''"'^
is formed
heating and
first degree, detergent, and
diaphoretic like
aries.
it for the composition of electurecommends
Mesne
honey.
consequently Comm.
moderns, which
of the
sugar
and
of the sun,
the heat
Seth
by boiling. Symeon
humid
by
of reeds
the surface
247
was
cane
sugar-
it would
rather
the
leaves
of
pear
apmon
com-
times.
our
MeAm,
Fraxinus, the Ash, is
when
taken
in
bark, when
The
burnt
sawdust
of the
Commentary.
of
Fraxinus,
Our
wood
There
or
author's
drunk
be
both
the
F.
mentions
cases
same
it
of its
and
Ornus
be
to
which,
vipers. Its
leprosies.
removes
is said
doubt
no
of
bites
water,
deadly.
being
F.
speciesCoM.\f.
7'otimdifolia.
'
'
Dioscorides.
from
literally
of it is taken
account
it in the
in with
when
can
perhaps
A\dcenna
(i,108.)
rubbed
and
the
with
draught, agree
tree, the
M^ell-known
commends
vulnerary herb, and reDioscorides
does, (i,108.)
as
as
MtXAwrov,
Melilotum, Melilot, is possessed of mixed
discutient,and
says of
all kinds
anus,
of
and
L.
officinalis,
Melilotus
stypticpower, and
inflammations, especiallyabout
it,that it has
tringent,
as-
digestive.
It is the
Commentary.
being
powers,
is
some
emollient
an
the
and
must
Dioscorides
eyes,
Comm.
of
womb,
applied,or along
with
alljumen
of
e^^, flour of
an
general terms like our author. For the Arabians, see Avicenna
(Cont. 1. ult. i,
(ii,2, 41,j); Averrhoes
(Collig.v, 42) ; Rhases
4G5) ; Serapion (De Simpl. 18.)
They scarcely suggest any
for its administration, but borrow
Avhat they say of
new
cases
its
medicinal
melilot
was
poAvers
used
Dispensatory
even
in
as
from
medicine, and
late
as
and
Dioscorides
the
held
time
of
Galen.
place in
The
English
Quincy. (118, 204.)
our
'
''
SIMPLES.
248
[book
vii.
MfAtcTcro^yXAoi',
Baum
Apiastrum,
its action
is in every
of
liorehound.
Commentary.
CoMM.
According
leaves
its
when
officinalis)
Dioscorides^ Baum
to
in
taken
are
draught
when
applied as a
stung by scorpions or venomous
persons
have
been
who
bitten
dogs
by mad
or
form
of
toothache
who
and
as
Our
salts
with
in
is
of
those
quoting
found
Aetius,
from
gargle
for
Amran
and
the
this
the
former
or
it, first
of
Abenmesuai
it is
says
in
it is useful
stomach,
Hippocrates,
from
of whom
it
believe
account
then
and
head, copies
We
of
full
Galen,
that
the
under
works
and
other
of
intemperament
the
in
ulcers ;
and
joints,(iii,
108.)
like him,
gives its
Dioscorides.
Serapion gives
Dioscorides
ebn
from
either
Celsus.
Isaak
and
the
who,
Galen,
Oribasius
and
be
to
not
from
general terms.
Galen,
from
applicationto
soothes
pains of
it
borrows
author
characters
is
the
makes
it
scrofula
discutient
cataplasm
menstruation;
promoting
in
sufferingfrom
along
same
those
and
those
cure
for
the
of
case
decoction
the
wine,
of
spiders,and
(or effusion)does
fomentation
good hip-bath
{Melissa
with
cold
larating,
exhi-
humid
and
digestion, proves
promotes
(c.23.)
cordial,"c.
^lijLiaiKvXog,
the
being
INIemeecylus,
of under
letter
the
of
the
has
been
fruit
of
Arbute,
treated
K.
It
Commentary.
CoMM.
Fruit
that
Strawbei'ry-tree,
here
is,as
is to
say
stated, the
of the
Arbutus
Unedo,
wild
the
L.
MecTTr/Xa,
Mespila,
decidedly
bowels
and
sour
^Medlar
the
Mesjnlus
fruit
as
and
leaves
distinct
Azarolus
being
esculent
terms
and
and
are
as
leaves
Germanica.
fruit
being
of
the
decidedly sour.
the
no
their
astringent
also
describes
Dioscorides
in such
Tricocca);
scarcelyedible, proves
its shoots
and
Commentary.
CoMM.
(calledalso
Medlars
two
doubt
He
species
that
they
represents
of
are
their
astringent,(i,169, 170.)
slightly
SIMPLES.
iij.]
SECT,
Galen
of
says
medlar, that
the
of it.
See
The
the
making
330.)
Avicenna
so
and
austere, and
'
and
Casiri
is borrowed
Ebn
Baithar
it for
from
(Bibl.Arab.
from
the
'
'
account
same
ointment
an
Comm.
give the
2, 742)
(ii,
curled.
Hisp.
See
Arabic.
(1.c.)
powers
of
is
the
restrain
to
as
and
fluxes.
authorities
prepared
azarolus
term
INIedium
the
Arabian
black
acid
it restrains
Arabians
hair
The
it is
Avicenna
particular,
in
(i,532.)
that
and
Greek
other
249
menstruation,
female
the
being
the
root
and
austere
fluor.
But
of
possessed
those
to
contrary
are
of
astringentof fluxes,
the seed
promotes
even
attenuating
and
incisive
powers.
Commentary.
Dioscorides
is
Campanula.
genus
the
The
It
called
species
of the
Medium^
the
at
loss to
Hedica
who
medicinal
same
determine
of the
generallyreferred
Sprengel remarks, the
as
with
agree
Flora
those
Grteca,^ has
Dioscorides
whether
or
and
as
powers
Arabians, with
merely gives
(ii,
541.)
Galen,
'
(i,141.)
C. laciniata.
giving it the
not
his
time
one
but,
does
leaves
Sibthorp, therefore, in
is
at
was
not
it
decided
Galen
pearance
ap-
that
in the
occurs
it
in
agree
We
are
^Materia
the
exception of Ebn
Baithar,
and
descriptionsof it by Dioscorides
the
Mj/zcwvec,
Papavera,
Poppies
garden poppy,
and
when
which
is stronger
but
which
is
than
called
the
sessile head
several
are
call
is
longer
of
all,so
its
and
as
more
to
juice,which
fourth
order
is called
of
its seed
It is therefore
mixed
has seeds
seed
of
the
is edible,
with
which
species,but
Thylacitis, the
R/iteas,because
garden.
quantity of it is
small
has
they
Avitli bread
eaten
specieswhich
there
contracted, is the
not
much
are
That
most
soon
eaten
falls
Ijlack and
off",
by itself,
That
honey.
strongly
tlie top of
which
strongly medicinal
induce
For it and
to mortification.
torpor even
is called,per excellentiam, opium, belong to the
congealing medicines.
Cornutum
is
But
that
varietywhich
so
'
"
to
of the medium.
author.
oui'
Comm.
'
that
SIMPLES.
250
decoction
the
of it when
Its leaves
eschars.
has
seeds
which
the
In
diflPerent
foul
cleanse
the
speciesof
Fifth
Book
spmnemn
The
to
be
the
may
ancients
known
poppy
be
the
to
Glaucium
Gratiola
distinguishedtwo
the
poppy-heads,
and
other
expressed juice,much
an
will treat
shall dismiss
we
should
it.
The
of
the ancients.
views
of
He
recommends
same
have
the
an
effect
on
the
the
of the
on
the
Rhases
Papaver
at
The
P.
the
We
present.
from
certain
to
Papaver
way,
Dioscorides.
the
opium.
leaves
says
the
of
they
sores.
veterinarians
cattle.
in
cornutum
for
poppy
of
that
kinds
(ii,2, 563.)
from
cautions,explainedunder
mentions
upon
different
Avicenna
the
bestow
in
the
horned
eyes
the
this, called
Dioscorides, by
used
be
ottiov
than
known
applicationof
the
Dioscorides
as
and
weaker
almost
the
is not
learned
best
copies,however,
follows
also
luteum, Scop.
thought it necessary
Arabians
regarding the
tlie
be
may
He
The
have
He
diseases
sort
See
to
seem
f.ii']KMvoQ
ottoc,
called
was
otherwise
poppy
the
was
fullyof
more
we
one
second
The
fxrjKwviov.
Spumosum,
of the poppy:
was
remove
treated
have
we
would
Rhceas
(Toxicol. Vet.) The
Papuver duhmin, the sativum is the P. Wiceas.
appears
and
and
Schulze
cornutum
hepatic complaints.
ulcers
is called Heracl'mm
vii.
phlegm.
purge
Commentary.
CoMM.
flowers
specieswhich
That
in
is serviceable
drunk
and
[book
nebulae
effects
poppy
of the
great work,
in
joins Avicenna
last of these
Ebn
chest.
of the
treats
approving
Baithar, in
several
of
the
different
speciesof
poppy
for affections
poppy
parts of his
noticed
under
this head.
Mr/Xa,
Mala, Apples
common
excrementitious
and
and
colder
watery
are
cold
and
juice,but
more
those
humid
which
than
the
are
an
dissolved
others.
The
SIMPLES.
252
'"
'
'
vii.
of
the immoderate
use
state that
fully^Avicenna
fruit is flatulent,and superinducesnervous
debility.Dioscorides
describes
accuratelytbe mode of prej^aringa wine from quinces,
wards
CoMM,
[book
more
Avhicb, he
the
of
of the
parts
prepared
of
says,
from
is
possessed of
Avicenna
it.
apples as being
One
stomach.
the
of
account
and
stomachics,
medicinal
the
of
astringents.(Cout.
1. ult.
kinds
strengtheners
authorities
powers
ointment
an
fragrant
alexipharmic,and
Rhases^s
of
all the
as
poAvers
of
mention
represents
and
cordial
medicinal
same
also makes
He
quince.
the
gives
resting
inte-
an
cordials,
apples as
i, 441.)
MjjXaja rifpfTiKJ?,
Malum
Peach
the
Persicum,
and
shoots
MjjXam
]Malus
Armeniaca,
are
jMeum,
Spignel
in the
but
occasions
when
same
^MijXa.
hot
are
taken
in
third
the
diuretic
and
which
is the
same
as
the
degree, but
emmenagogue,
often.
it is the
Meiim
'
ticum,
call
some
peaches.
as
powers
doubt
Without
fi'uit,which
the
It is therefore
headache
Commentary.
CoMM.
its roots
second.
dry
the
Under
Scc
CoMMEXTARY.
CoMM.
AQf-iiviaKT},
Apricot
Prsecocia, is possessed of
'
leaves
triturated
when
kill worms
manifestly bitter, and therefore
the
forms
fruit of it,which
The
and
apphed to the navel.
edible peach, is humid, and cold in the second
degree.
See under
MjjXa.
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
the
LigusticwU
Meum
Athamanof
Hooker,
and
most
author
Our
Bald-money.
authorities
other
of the
closelyfrom Dioscorides, who
copy
describes
the roots of the meum
as
being fragrant,and heating
in water
or
the tongue.
given
These, he says, being boiled
striction
in powder without
boiling, prove
soothing in diseases of conlence
about
the kidneys and
bladder, relieve dysuria, flatuand
of the stomach, tormina, hystericalaff'ections,
pains
of the
joints.
When
or
pulverizedand
pectoral defluxions
useful in
they are
hip-bath promote the flow
cataplasm to the region of
of the
the
administered
as
in
honey,
linctus,and
When
menses.
pubes
with
in
applied as
infants, they
are
a
a
said
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
him
by
taken
the
produce
to
immoderately, the
above
extract, by
to
appear^
then, that he
diseases
of the
None
sect.
Dioscorides.
as
works
occur
in the
the
Arabians,
They
do
of all
our
the
to
place with
of
days
Averrhoes
and
not
For
Simpl.
(CoUig. v, 42.)
In
the
on
Quincy
fully
so
Serapion (De
authorities
aud
it
that
of Celsus.
Dioscorides.
from
copy
herbalists
old
down
retains
but
i,477)
of
treat
in those
2, 454)
(ii,
ult.
It would
discovered, it does
have
'
In
Dioscorides
principlesof
authorities
we
Avicenna
nothing
the
Comm,
"
!Methodists.
the
when
(i,3.)
constriction"
Hippocrates,nor
(Collig.1.
Rhases
182) ;
as
But
headache,
with
Greek
far
of
see
of
imbued
other
As
of
dogma
was
urine.
occasions
meum
well-known
alludes
the
of
discharge
"
the
253
the
works
English Dispensatory,
Lewis, the
meum
characters.
MrXaS,
Milax
Smilax, Bindweed
or
species
which
twines
heating
powers.
The
the
aspera
bably
Smilax
commends
the former
and
the
latter
the
other
Greek
it with
;
the
trees^
possessed of
are
specicshere
two
and
noticed
Convolvulus
acrid
and
most
are
pro-
Comm.
'
Dioscorides
sepiuni.
as
authorities,like
our
Arabians
The
other
Avicenna
the
of these
general characters.
41)
round
CoMMEXTARY.
both
would
herbs.
climbing
See
confound
to
seem
(ii,2, 724.)
MitTU,
!Misy,is one
of the
strong astringency.
to
the
and
sori,in
change beginning
Commentary.
now
the
be
days
of
resembling
and
of
the
the
the
and
of its
of
less compact
chalcitis,owing
Galen
time, change
strange that
and
or
well
was
is still used
of it, "Misv,
marcasite
And
that
says
to
misy,
the
surface.
knoAvn, seeing it
savs
than
parts.
course
medicines, with
caustic
less pungent
appears
Boerhaave,
Boerhaave
East.
at
It
little
so
It is
tenuity
greater
chalcitis
cscharotic
mundick
It is
nature
.
our
a
known
as
should
mineral
verv
mines, but
vitriolic
Comm.
'
late
medicinally in
vellow
of
this mineral
as
the
much
liglitcr,
mineral, and
"
SIMPLES.
2o4
is reduced
CoMM.
'
calcination
by
to
[book
colcotliar."
M.
(M.
copper
184.) Dr.
employed in
INIisyis
tlie
'
of
Ainslie^ treating
medicine
oxide
an
used
of copper
and
stain
to
preparations
natives
tbe
by
the
of
their
India,
but
that
it is remarkable
missy
iron.^'
of it
of
He
Hindoo
Avhen
and
sory
be
to
sulphurets of
Persian
and
broken,
the
same
India
to
these
From
description
of
under
we
and
misy
its
Galen
author
our
specting
re-
other
of
supply nothing additional
tliis head.
Serapion describes the
mentioned
under
the
have
general
any
great
misy Zeg
and
fossils
The
Dioscorides
them
gives
cognate
than
more
(v, 116.)
Simpl. viii.)
vitreola,"calling the
the
and
sulphate of
descriptions
stars."
chalcitis.
as
little
says
like
glancing
powers
chalcitis,but
interest
copper,
for copper,
name
(De
powers.
authorities
Greek
from
that
102.)
Med.
its medicinal
and
is
Dioscorides, states
"
elaborate
an
Rossius
mis
Dr.
of
sory
ache,
tooth-
(]Mat.Ind. i, 513.)
frequentlyapplied in
name
it has
says
that
and
againstthe
some
see
gold
of India
^^
of
name
mineral
substance
it
in deciding what
difficulty
scription
deThe followingis Dioscorides^s
under
Chalcitis.
Of a golden appearance,
the misy :
hard, shining
find
we
like
(Antiq.of
; but
was
is
says,
black.
teeth
"
the natives
by
of
vii.
viride.
and
His
preparations
head
''de
colcothar,
entirely
is taken
confounds
Avicenna
(c. 386.)
stances
sub-
chalcitis
of them
account
Galen,
metallic
other
the
Zeg rubeum,
sory
three
under
the
of
name
the
it
works
as
He
sutorium."
Atramentum
both
caustic,
of
Hippocrates
throws
and
no
Celsus.
The
latter
uses
(v,8, 9.)
MoXwpoaa'o,
Plumbago,
the
'
similar
temperament
Commentary.
CoMM.
""~^'
middle
has
Several
powers
to
the
to
litharge,but
from
removed
colder.
varieties
of the
Molybdaena
are
de-
the
that
it would
by Dioscorides, from which
appear
metallic substance;
than
to more
ancients
one
applied the term
the varietyresembling litharge being most
probably graphite
or
plumbago ; and the one of a leaden colour, being the moscribed
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
255
Jameson.
It is named
Comm.
'
'
Galena
translators,but
his
by
lead, was
sulphuret
of
unable
determ'lne.
to
and
molybdsena
Dioscorides
Hippocrates.
Galen
its medicinal
of
treat
None
of the
Arabians
dsena
properly from
mider
it
and
to
have
we
the
are
works
of
incarnative
Greek
succinctlylike
powers
appear
other
the
the
being
as
sny,
it
in
occurs
recommends
epuloticin plasters.
is to
it,that
comprehended
also
The
whether
rities
authoauthor.
our
distinguishedthe
molyb-
litharge.
Mo'Xv/3goc,
Plumbum,
also
wine,
Lead,
considerably
the
rubbed
with
of
lead
unripe
it,it
substance
or
grapes,
will make
about
the
upon
possessed of refrigerantpowers,
humid
oil of
inflammations
worn
is
the
and
pudenda
ganglia
desiccative
without
discusses
We
the
18,
of
in the
"c.)
See
our
works
also
of
have
lead.
varieties
Galen's
applicationto
gives
very
styptic,and
treats
it in
The
as
and
Both
lead
very
He
excellent
and
nearly the
it
and
descriptionof
further
says
of
same
about
of the
the
terms
as
our
excellent
eye.
process
it,that
the
interesting.
an
application to fungated
ulcers
Serapion
Dioscorides
in rheums
the
refrigerant
but
sores.
v,
Isidorus
and
forms
are
(v,26,
descriptionsof
lengthy
that
malignant
much
Comm.
hended
comprekinds
of Celsus.
accurate
it is
says
latter is the
powerfully cooling or
of
as
into two
other
Dioscorides, Galen,
Oribasius
condylomata,
of
the
of lead.
ores
given
account
lead.
an
these
say, tin.
Hippocrates
circumstantial
washed
of this article
"
Of
is to
ii'ritablc and
washed
a
of
describing it
medicine.
being
it becomes
good application
particularly,Pliny (xxxiv,47)
piece
lead
If washed
lead
of
a
distinguishedlead
white.
native
ancient
agree
and
Burnt
treated
ancients
cassiteros,that
several
described
plate
dreams
makes
already
have
ulcerous
ulcers.
Commentary.
same
cooling juices be
anus,
acrid.
If
bv the cold.
applicationfor
them.
and
pungency,
for ill-conditioned
the
libidinous
more
of
any
excellent
an
loins restrains
put upon
consrealed
has
and
it is
sores,
of
a
commends
re-
He
paring
pre-
good
rhoids,
hemor-
anus.
Averrhoes
author.
(CoUig. v.
'
SIMPLES.
256
CoMM.
"
'
"
43.)
The
Galen,
as
lead
applicationto
an
(ii,2, 12.)
Avicenna
of
account
this
Ebn
Baithar
eyes.
from
article in extracts
See
(ii^128,
also
imitation
of
(1.c.)and
in praising
joins Dioscorides
Serapion gives a very fnll
latter
the
rii.
Averrhoes
See
cancer.
The
applicationto
an
as
general,prescribeit,in
in
Arabians,
[book
Dioscorides
1. ult.
(Contin.
E-hases
and
Galen.
i, 556)
pluries.)
et
^lopaia
Morns
the
moderate
require a
dried, becomes
of the
and
tender
shoots
'
broad
the
hold
Thcrc
the
or
Black
be
cau
which
unripe, when
bark
of the
degree
The
worm.
root
of bitterness
leaves
place between
by Pliny
bv
manner
as
tives
purga-
Dioscorides.
bowels,but
The
it is the
It is the
it is in
calls it laxative
latter
of
avKafxivoQ
poisons,as
to
Ficiis
apphed by others
mended
mulberry is com-
The
(iii,
18.)
antidote
an
that
sometimes
was
Celsus
See
sycamore.
doubt
no
Mulberry -tree.
intestinal
intermediate
an
The
certain
mouth
astringents.
Morns, L.,
to
with
purgative,
it kills
CoMMEXTAKY.
CoMM.
'
is also
tree
and
'
hence
degree of astringency.
The
very stypticmedicine.
ripe,loosens
of
like
the
of
Galen's
is
brieflyas
when
reverse
humours.
as
Galen.
of
as
He
stomach
the
Arabians,
See
article
of food
medicine
by
Dispensatoryuntil
all
our
and
(ii,2, 491)
Avicenna
old
after the
article of
an
taken
treating
of
;
of
The
any
clean
the
very
noxious
Dioscorides
(Cont.
mulberry
was
it
food, but
but
it,follow
Rhases
whom
upon
contains
herbalists,and
time
(i,180.)
authoi^'s,bv
when
is loaded
in
toothache,
our
fullyas
says,
excellent
an
as
same
ti'eats of it
medicine.
for
gargle
it is the
Aetius
The
leaves
it proves
stomach,
i, 201)
its
account
abridged.
and
article
an
1. ult.
is described
retained
in the
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
257
Muaypov,
; the
Myagrum
possessedof
It is
Crantz., of which
and
and
as
oil in
of
one
ulcers
it
that
The
Kingd. 353.)
of
Arabian
authorities,with
merely quotes
the
oilypart
the
the
we
to be
the Camelina
he
donht.
no
producing an
as
the
the
As
as
can
Camelina,
oil
authors
two
Galen.
far
there
mention
known
is still noted
fatty^and
generallyheld
think
we
Pliny
it is well
this
of it is
of it is
emplastic power.
an
Commentary.
corides
seed
See
"
"
'
"
its seed ;
of
above
Paradise,
recommend
borrows
treated
not
"
Dios-
Lindley (Veg.
author
discover,it is
can
Gold
or
mentioned
Our
Both
oil from
plants.
mouth.
sativa,Comm.
from
of
by
the
the
who
and
Galen.
the
same
when
power,
burnt,
as
the
But
as
the
bowels,
them
terms
ranks
(ii,29.)
fevers,
of the
them
with
"
the
are
Mytili
those
'
'
things
He
prescribesthe soup of
(iii,
6.) Dioscorides merely
externally as
applicationin diseases
mad
by Celsus,
Celsus
purgative in
recommends
of
Musculi
]\Iuscles.
or
open
and
e\e%,
stimulant
and
their
detergent
treat
See
and
in
bites
general
Avicenna
particularly
(ii,
2, 529.)
Myaron
fattyherb.
the
(calledalso
The
asperitieson
oil extracted
the
Commentary.
described
Muopoi',
Melampycnon)
it is
it would
branchy
to
seem
and
smooth
body.
This
above.
from
is
See
Jani
it is
clearly the
Cornarii
same
as
dollabella
the
in P.
nvay^ov
JE. vii.
Comm.
^-^"
MvtXoc,
Medulla, Marrow
indurated
III.
and
possessedof
scirrhous bodies.
the
The
ing
property of soften-
best
is that
17
of
stags,
'
SIMPLES.
2b8
next
is
calves.
That
CoMM.
'
"
of bulls
That
desiccative.
and
acrid
more
of
it,tliat
to
[book
from
superfluityconcocted
'
He
of
that
the
that
states
from
Pliny, copying
of
characters
N.
in
concur
and
drier.
of
is
Animalium,
delivers
bones.
the
from
ii, 7.)
the
general
xxviii,39.)
the
giving
more
Marroiv
blood
thus
Omnes
is
considerablydifferent
Dioscorides,
marrows
(H.
Aristotle^the
Partibus
(De
"
calefaciunt.^^
Serapion
bones.
other
the
buck-goats
spine is harder
the
is
spinalmarrow
of
tlie limbs
from
nutritive
the
and
vtt.
preference
of
marrow
preparing it to
that
He
smearing the body with stag's
95.)
keep, (ii,
says
drives away
reptiles.(Ibid.) The Arabians
venomous
marrow
recommend
marrows
as
a
a
remedy for
suppository from
See Avicenna
of the uterus.
scirrhus
2, 485), Rliases (Cont.
(ii,
Dioscorides
stags.
gives
directions
the
to
and
minute
for
1. lilt, i, 460.)
Fungi, Mushrooms,
of them
Some
decidedly cold
humid
and
fatal when
prove
have
which
those
of
are
eaten,
putrid qualitymixed
perament.
tem-
more
ticularly
partheir
with
nature.
We
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
alread}'treated
have
of
'
"
articles
be
In
(i,77), and
of food
excused
cannot
fact,we
as^we
can
them
the
Materia
as
fore,
shall,there-
and
of them
saying anything more
with what
see
proprietythe
place in
recollect,they never
assigned
far
poisons (v,54)
as
mushrooms
in this
ancient
place.
rities
autho-
Medica, since, as
prescribethem
medicinally.
Mvoffwrj/,
Alsine.
under
Is described
Mu^a,
ISIyxa,tlie Sebesten-plum
than
'
*
It
^thesten-phmi,
this
tree
be
or
also
fruit
the
disputed. See
(Veg. Kingd. 628.)
much
but
bullace-plum,
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
the
the
fruit
of similar
would
appear
of the
Cordia
of this
indisputably to
are
inclined
to
be
Whether
Myxa.
or
(i,187), has
1.
c.)and
doubt
their
is smaller
powers.
of Dioscorides
Persea
tree
the
not
been
Lindley
identity.
260
'
'
able
in
such
give by
as
means
any
Dioscorides.
him.
Galen, Aetius,
Celsus
and
ranks
Avicenna
It
soften,
(ii,2, 684)
the
the
in the
Arabians,
authorities
subject
evidentlyfollow
articles
his
among
tii.
service-
of this
Oribasius
of
works
which
crates.
Hippo-
Serapion (c.31);
see
the
(Collig.v, 42.)
other
account
occurs
be
to
Ehases
and
"tamarix^^
the
(ii,33.)
(See Dierbach.) For
repress
of
an
satisfactory
so
found
being
None
(i,116.)
cases,
[book
-witli them
spleen,drauglitstaken
CoMM.
"
SIMPLES.
Averrhoes
of Dioscorides
sections
and
burns.
of
He
and
chronic
medicinal
cured
was
Rhases
reader
will
Dispensatory by Quincy,
stated
above.
leprosy, by
it,that
it
says
it
find
with
the
cures
those
bite
of the
given
by
it.
in
viper.
the
compare
in
given
it
case
of
means
interesting to
as
the
is beneficial
its fruit
tamariscus
of the
characters
authority of Alchazi,
of
of
say
Avicenna
coughs.
curious
the
relates,on
who
Avicenna
The
also
woman
the
on
English
ancients,as
our
the
(134.)
IMwoto^vAAoi',
Millefolium, MiUefoil, is desiccative
such
to
degree
to
as
agglutinate wounds.
It appears
Commentary.
CoMM.
be
to
'
'
'
to
ulcers
recent
salts
and
Greek
in
herb.
Hippocrates
exception of
Myrrha,
cients, and
or
savs
of
falls,
We
the
it, that
to
have
not
in those
root
with
cataplasm
Galen
it
of the
in
the
of
water
the
mention
it
vinegar
with
and
other
it
as
works
of
the
Arabians, with
500.)
(ii,
to
the
second
order
The
species
it is drunk
found
sjy'icatuni,
descriptionof
some
author, merely
belongs
also
and
as
(iv,113.)
our
Baithar.
Myrrh,
is
it
of
Celsus, nor
Ebn
degree.
emmenagogue,
lungs.
cases
and
authorities,like
vulnerary
certain
least
evidently points
recommends
He
myriophyUum.
At
millefoil.
i\\e.Myriophyllum
of
promotes
it is
fragrant
and
expectorationfrom
of
of
calefa-
parts
sweet.
the
chest
to
It is
and
SIMPLES.
in.]
SECT,
agrees
well
with
says
of
very
Dioscorides
those
useful
it either
at
as
we,
bv
of
old
in
the
loss to
upon
could
'
plant.
'
it relieves
when
free
from
taken
the
authorities
We
have
in
supply
been
not
examination
of their
distinguishit
like
from
myrrh
manner,
able
We
far
as
discover,
illitei'ate
myrtle
to
hold
to
to
can
and
seem
ceased
long
that
thing
any-
those
works,
it
Was
disease,
Hippocrates or of Celsus.
its being also overlooked,
for
it has
Comm.
'
this
wine
say, that
Greek
of
account
it,and
with
persons
head.
works
English herbalists,in
little about
drunk
authorities.
not
description of
some
other
this
cursory
Arabian
scholars
the
under
some
the
that
it preserves
of interest
are
and
Spreiigelremarks,
as
lochial
pestilentialseason
(iv,114.) None
find
bitten
phthisis;
in
Avhen
it,that
and
menstrual
the
Dioscorides's
been
have
who
Myrrhis odorata,
The
Commentary.
261
Our
have
known
place
in
our
DisjDensatory.
Myrtus,
the
But
the
cold
and
terrene
desiccative.
the
trunk
and
when
both
branches
of
myrtas
Dioscorides,
upon
it.
and
such
to
space
haemoptysis,
diuretic
phalangia
an
or
and
fruit
and
a
desiccative
of
alexipharmic
scorpions;
extrasavated
as
the
so
of
case
about
forth,
he
possesses,
as
soothing
blood
and
such,
all ;
bladder;
in
powers,
myrtis
mends
recom-
too
example,
stomachic
eyes
The
as
and
stung
applicationin
the
of'
occupy
persons
(i,155.)
says,
for
Comm.
excrescence
it would
that
cases
the
morbid
some
was
the
myrtidanum
the
as
and
than
The
communis.
same
them
enumerate
already mentioned
on
the
varietyof
achores, exantliemata,
excrescence
desiccative
more
is the
calls
erosion
strongly
Myrtus
probably
most
Dioscorides
it in
much
is the
author
our
are
callous
administered
It
is
it, is
leaves
and
Commentary.
or
of
dried
fruit
The
green.
myrtis,Avhich
The
The
astringent.
is
Myrtle,
b}'^
mations
inflam-
furfures,
for
excrescence
stronger powers
than
the
hip-baths,
pessaries,
cataplasms requiring astringency. (i,15G.) Galen
gives
or
somewhat
leaves, and
is mixed
fuller,but
not
with
cerate,
materiallydifferent,
account
of the
CoMM.
'"^^
"
[book
SIMPLES.
262
it is
He
says
myrtle from our autlior.
and
both
externally.
iuternally
(ii,2, 446)
92)
Arabians
The
articles.
(Collig.
v, 42)
Averrhoes
He
burns.
it
says
All
cordial.
urine,
in
also
place ;
and
blood
of
of
ulcers
other
and
looseness
the
internal
to
it is
myrtle,
cures
used
of
one
it is
that
cough,
in
lungs,
and
strengthens
cordial,and
astringents
as
Quincy (94.)
See
period.
late
and
nose,
of
Myrtle-berrieswere
viscera.
down
in fluxes
juice
breast
of the
; that
bowels
of the
the
the
upon
Abenmesuai,
head.
the
of
Serapion's authorities,says
of pains
useful in the cure
the
of
it is useful
says
poured
when
being
in heat
Avicenna,
He
from
of
character
to
and
stomachic
proves
menses.
fractures
flow
the
stops
furfures
ununited
of
cases
apostemes, erysipelas,
of the hands, and in
it the
of the
flow
immoderate
and
(i,38.) Avicenna
an
astringent in
as
hot
useful, according
is
It
leaves
its
give
Arabians
the
alexipharmic.
prescribesit in ulcers
cures
ophthalmy, and
also
He
herpes, "c.
fully.
Serapion (De Simpl.
Baithar
armpits,in
of the
fetor
profuse sweats,
of
decoction
the
recommends
cooling
Aviceuua
See
very
Ebn
and
as
and
berries
the
astringent
i,475)
1. ult.
(Cont.
Ehases
of them
treat
abridges liim,
notices
myrtle frequently as
of
leaves
boiled
powerful astringent,
Aetius
Celsus
Dioscorides.
does
Oribasius
vii.
MwXv,
silvestris,others
belongs
subtile
particles.
It
Commentary.
CoMM.
Homer
It
probably the
is
same
of iris
the ointment
47.)
discharge, (iii,
Galen
the
of
same
and
Celsus,
Arabian
the
terms
nor
viscid
is
humours,
On
as
have
authorities.
we
1.
x,
to
the
the
mohj,
been
(Odyss.
moly
pessary
author.
our
plant by
this
recommends
Greek
other
called
now
302.)
merely
as
garlic
of
incantation.
the
as
Dioscorides
Dierbach.)
with
against
of
is made
Mention
charm
as
species
the
was
Monch.
Moly,
Allium
and
thick
it cuts
Hence
incaruant.
and
discutient
"^^"^
the
to
Garlic
JVild
hirsutum,
Allium
Moly,
see
authorities
It does
able
to
promote
PHny
(H.
mention
not
find
occur
it in
pounded
menstrual
N.
xxv,
it in
8.)
nearly
in the
works
those
of the
SIMPLES.
in.]
SECT,
263
Na(TKa(f)6oi',
(Calledalso Narcaplithon)
used
All
need
we
of
the
this
substance
the
in
this
aromatic, which
has
Roxborough,
and
this section
to
that
opinion
is
Galen
Appendix
Nascaphthon
Indian
an
v.as
of
Dioseorides.
In
is
uterus.
account
notice
to
of the
say
this,that it
him.
occasion
shall have
we
from
also copy
aromatic, and
of the
alterations, from
few
taken, with
Serapion
author's
Our
CommentarV.
Indian
an
constriction
fumigations for
in
is
it
was
mace.
place amounts
the
to
industry,even
failed to
determine.
NaTTV,
Sinapi, Mustard,
degree.
is
We
Commentary.
medicinal
has
and
heating, attenuant,
chewed, produces a discharge
mixed
with
hydromel, it forms
tonsils,and
M'hen
benefits
Avith
atic
nostrils
in
in
persons
cerate,
vinegar it
lichen
that
of
clears
is rubbed
fevers; it is mixed
suitable
when
in
expressed and
gargle
fine
the
to
in
shaved
for
acts
when
juice
is
enlarged
trachea
as
nutatory
ster-
those
rouses
lethargic patients
scalp;
spleen,and
the
spots of
in
when
mixed
of
the
the
in the
vision
surface; it
and,
in
ear
sun.
both
alopecia
honey, suet,
extravasated
blood
with
with
a
leprosy,and
powder, when
of
epispastic
plastersand those
in powder with figs,it relieves
ears;
and
all
cures
with
its
juice with
roughness
in the
cases
general for
advantage
noises
dried
variety of
the
on
in
places affected
in a
draught as
applied to
and
dimness
rubbed
with
when
deafness
its
of the
asperities
countenance,
in upon
it in
the
the
removes
when
suitable
it is useful
the
agrius; it is taken
for scabies
phlegm
it
says
and
powers,
powder it
epilepticfits,and
a
pains,by determining to
cataplasm
of
He
of its
disease, and
chronic
or
figs and
Dioseorides.
attractive
the Comm.
to
'
callous
fits ;
hj^sterical
applied as a cataplasm
when
in
and
in
are
up
the
applied to
;
who
chronic
for
fourth
or
elaboratelyas
so
powers
the
in
pretty confidentlyrefer it
may
author, ancient
No
Sinapi nigrum.
desiccative
and
heating
(ii,183.)
externallyand
Celsus
of
the
honey
is
eyelids
still green,
is
recommends
internally
;
as
"^
264
SIMPLES.
[book
CoMM.
"
the
By
way,
vii.
have
we
'
been
"
never
able
in
right
\ras
alba.
satisfyourselves that
the
settingdown
sinapi of
'We
(207.)
in
occurs
the
dismiss
author.
The
See
remark, however,
modern
followers
rides.
to
Greek
this
that
do
late Dr.
Celsus
it is this
little
very
Sinajns
species which
Galen
brief
than
more
MiUigan
the
as
Pharmacopceia,
article with
Arabians
the
and
his
notice, hke
from
copy
our
Diosco-
particularlyAvicenna
directs,upon
be
to
He
part of
recommends
alopecia,i.
ointment
an
porrigo
e.
It is
is
'
*
he
the
the
of
figs and
in
the
second.
bitterish.
(Antiq.
Xardostachys Jatamansi,
defluxions.
Rovle
true
for
Dr.
33.)
informs
spikenard
of the
scent, but
also
Our
in
author,
the
The
holds
hepatic,and
draws
main
latter
all
the
carminative,
it,copying freelyfrom
Rhases
(Cont.
it
and
in the
1. ult.
his
information
spikenard
(i,6.)
Dioscorides.
i, 669)
stronglyin
liver
Indian
to
The
be
from
from
that
ancients, is
as
See
was
remedy
further,
tionably
unques-
Hardivickii.
Galen,
who
Dioscorides.
diuretic, stomachic,
Arabians
See
us
oiNardostachys
Lindley says the
in
only
the
what
some-
the
The
in
not
in
blacker.
Med.
or
with
valued
India,
for
mustard,
heating
It agrees
this article,Dr.
Hindoo
Jatamansi.
Ainslie
laxative.
It is also
hysteria
externallyand internally.
internal
up
Syrian, and
For
of it is
root
administered
dries
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
when
diuretic,and
than
made
desiccative
both
stronger
as
decahans.
astringent,acrid, and
stomach
of mustard
the
and
seed
a
authority of Menemachus,
sinapism
mustard
by pounding in a mortar
seed, with a
the crumb
of bread, dried figs,
honey, and \dnegar.
formed
third
the
Avicenna
treat
fidlyof
2, 640)
(ii,
Avicenna
in
commends
re-
jaundice;
to
action
is
above-mentioned,
the
Comm.
'
'
"
of
possessed
than
similar
with
weaker, except
for it is hotter
iirine ;
the
on
joins liim
NofSoc KfXrt/crj,
'
Nardus
Averrhoes
(Collig.v, 42.)
characters.
it these
ginng
265
deobstruent.
and
calls it stomachic
and
in
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
the
powers
regard
former
to
and
its
less
astringent.
It is the
CoMMEXTARY.
Celtica,or
Valeriana
French
Spike- Comm.
'
Dioscorides
nard.
with
regard
about
when
stomach
like manner,
is
with
Narclum
in
one
authorities
In
Phu
the
of
his
See
and
modern
who
spikenard long
Greek
with
and
jMontana,
the
than
Commentary.
Galen
and
author,
the
that
other
held
Lewis
Nard
place with
Galen
other
and
as
the
our
in
our
place
(Dispensatory,ii,
a
the
and
Nardus
(called also
Thylacitis
aforementioned.
to
seem
than
It is the
ooHiu
authorities
it is weaker
it is
Valeriana.
the
It would
that
finally,
Pharmacopoeia
Mountain
Pyrites),is weaker
and
in
neys,
kid-
general terms
same
of
wormwood;
(v, 23.)
it in the
in-
flatulence
(i,7.)
assigns it
Naoooc
Nardus
and
it is
and
liniments,
Quincy (161)
identified
are
wine
antidotes,
of
of
''
and,
cures
spleen,the bladder,
with
Celsus,
species of
Dispensatory.
the
the
of
treat
This
125.)
it relieves
and
decoction
it ;
it, that
and
Syrian,
jaundice
the
heating draughts
aromatics
author.
with
alexipharmic
Gallicum
other
liver,and
drunk
that
and
mixed
the
the
than
of
states
powers,
stomachic
and
flammations
the
its medicinal
to
diuretic
more
interestingdescriptionof
gives an
be
state
the
the
Valeriana
tuberosa.
other
species already
Comm.
'
'
'
our
scribed.
de-
Nao0rjH,
Ferula, Fennel-ylant;
The
inner
agrees
part, while
with
more
are
recent,
inclined
and
All the
ai-e
to
agreed
think
seed
still green,
haemoptysis
Commentary.
the
is attcnuant
is
and
cicliac aflcctions.
authorities,including the
that
that
it
calefacient.
it is
was
the
speciesof
communis,
older and
Ferula
more
and
the
Comm.
'
we
especially
'
'
SIMPLES.
266
CoMM.
as
'
'
"
its medicinal
powers
[book
those
with
well
agree
vii.
assigned to
the
article in
question by Dioscorides.
(Compare the latter,Mat.
iii,81, with Gray^s Supplement to the Pharraacop. 80.)
Med.
Dioscorides
of
the
says,
blood
and
cseliac
bitten
affections,and
by vipers, and
introduced
when
as
when
induce
headache,
and
author
borrows
been
but
Arabians,
overlooked
Kana,
and
the
given
bleeding
seed
for word
it in
Ebn
in
nose
tormina,
We
Medica
it had
the
and
its stems
that
Our
have
of
been
fact, under
descriptionsof
the
the
Galen.
Materia
that
Baithar,
sons
per-
pickles.(Ibid.)
from
the
to
from
oil,but
for
spitting
wine
relieves
in with
scarcely believe
down
Dioscorides
word
them.
with
is
prepared
are
discover
to
can
by
sets
rubbed
almost
able
that
relieves
green,
restrains
tent
produces sweating
not
it,while
of
pith
wholly
head
the
Narthex
the
of
given by
Galen.
Napfoj QaXaaait],
Torpedo
of
cases
when
applied
it procures
headache,
peculiar property of
which
the
living animal
its
allays the
violent
most
prolapsus ani
head,
relief
has
been
pains
of the
when
while
the
to
producing
still
pain, probably by
and
torpor;
boiled,
joints.
the
It
"
Cramp-fish.
or
doubt
of
made
Natural
fish
this
Artedi
See
History.
in
the
See
in
(Idyll.)and
of Claudian
it is the
is said
Raia
when
that
applied
of
works
See
compares
Haly
See
some
Book
medy
re-
the
of
mention
ancient
is
writers
on
poeticaldescriptions
edly
repeatOppian (Halieut,ii.) Galen
of
the
singular power
animal
touches
which
effect
as
which
it.
medicine,
it
He
unless
count
(De Simpl. vii.) Serapion copies his actranslator
renders
it Piscis
stupefaciens.
alive.
its narcotic
given
to
in,
particular the
narcotic
any
His
it.
(c. 437.)
have
it has
in
Torpedo, L.,
Frequent
(Ichthy.)
oil
rubbed
when
'
"
alive,in
applied.
Without
Commentary.
CoMM.
the
to
Abbas
powers
of
account
III,
to
its
magnetism.
Averrhocs
(Collig.v.)
applicationin
this
way
We
where.
else-
6.
Nop/ctcrtTog,
Narcissus, Daffodil;
its
root
is
possessed
of
desiccative
SIMPLES.
268
of
CoMM.
'
'
'
Parkinson
See
tragacantlia.
[book
of
(Theatre
vii.
and
Plants, 996)
ever,
long ceased, howwith
which
we
are
N?;ptov"/ PoooSa^i'jj,
Nerium,
Rosebay
possessed of
'
powers
It is the
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
discutient
treated
of it
poison in
as
destructive
if
reptiles,
little
Dioscorides.
several
in which
cases
they say
of
it,that
apostemes, and
they
are
good for
juice of
are
applied with
knees, and
was
that
and
and
but
that
the
they
drink
the
in
the
form
an
them
his
are
but
bites
animals,
decoction
of it
of
it,
article,
given by
of this medicine
use
applied by
not
the
weaker
account
the
in
leaves
from
it
to
Lindley
treatingof this
fuller
the
quadrupeds,
most
wine,
extend
its leaves
the
especially
more
it
have
place
its flower
author,
our
Arabians
The
"We
See
with
abridge
than
more
rue
it
assigns
drunk
sheep, when
(iv,82.) Galen,
does
and
with
like
L.
ascertained.
it that
when
men,
and
well
mules,
asses,
mixed
goats
as
die.
internallyit
of
says
dogs,
to
preservativeof
such
taken
Oleander,
Dioscorides
INIedica,and
Materia
Nerium
very
600.)
Kingd.
(Veg.
of
when
another
the
plant actuallypossesses
is now
by the ancients
are
but
applied externally is
fatal.
proves
'
when
Oleander,
or
the
Greeks.
to
Thus,
applicationto hard
prurigo, scabies,and desquamations,
advantage
its flower
excellent
that
in the
in chronic
forms
form
pains
of
plaster
of the
sternutatory.
back
Rhases
have
(ii,^, 522.) We
(Cont. 1. ult. iii,31) and Avicenua
respecting it as a poison in
given the opinions of the Arabians
above.
There
is no
mention
of the
to
the
place referred
oleander, as
of
either
from
the
far
been
able
Celsus.
or
Arabians.
It is treated
has
long
to
The
Hippocrates
toxicology, but
on
have
we
as
of
been
discover,in
oleander
term
by
our
unknown
recent
to
the
works
is derived
authorities
our
macopoeia.
Phar-
Nu/U(^aca,
Nymphsea,
the
Water-lily, is possessed
without
pungency.
seed
desiccative.
is
of desiccative
powers
that
specieswhich
has
the
its
white
III.]
root
is
SIMPLES.
SECT.
stronger^
it
wine,
is
root
But
detergent,
so
rubbed
alopecia,when
and
water,
somewhat
also
flux.
female
the
cures
is
It
Commentary.
drunk
when
that
so
2G9
with
dark
and
that
which
has
to
as
in with
hlack
with
alphos
cure
liquidpitch.
manifest
quite
austere
that
the
here
plant
Comm.
'
"
Water-lily,
The
a
black,
freeW
borrows
Avicenna
The
Arabians
and
also
recommend
say
of the
plant
but
is
to
article
1. ult.
the
of the
mandragora.
hold
long
ceased
used
medicinally by
to
the
same
cases
his
the
the
Simpl.
vertigo,
nymphsea
Water-lilies
Dispensatory, they
our
oriental
42.)
Greeks,
acute
of the
two
nations.
See
c.
pleurisy,and
cures
nature
the
turn,
Arabians,
the
as
and
coughs
Though
place in
abridges
in
For
'
other
(Collig. v,
sleep and
compare
the
author
who,
the
luteum.
Serapion (De
for
syrup
it induces
that
Our
Averrhoes
and
root
Galen,
it in the
administered
Nuphar
(iii,
138-9.)
508)
debilitating. They
that
from
of
species
and
white
i, 493)
(ii,3,
144)
alba
varieties.
mere
Dioscorides.
from
(Cont.
E-hases
having
one
this
of
well-known
two
Nymphcea
doubt
no
are
account
see
named
now
species,the
two
his
the
comprehends
described
have
still
are
Lindley (Veg.
"^
Kingd. 411.)
'B.avBiov i] (^aayaviov,
takes
his
not
we
dye
brief
occur
and
attractive
so
that
Commentary.
natural
of
of
it from
of
those
of the
and
it is
of
diuretic,and
It is the
Iris
Gray (Suppl. to
the
powers.
Xanthium
struma-
its
author
Celsus,
gives
being
swellings, (iv,136.)
or
Comm.
'
Our
Dioscorides
mentions
Hippocrates
Galen.
merely
for
the
of Ambrosiea.
nor,
It
as
"
used
does
far
as
Arabians.
Corn-flay,is possessed
powers,
be
to
order
it,but
works
of discutient
seem
cataplasm
discover,in
can
seed,
the
notice
in the
Xyris, Wild
and
of
description
minute
for
plant
fruit
It would
Commentary.
rium,
has
Clutburr,
Xanthium,
of
attenuating,discutient,
scirrhus
fa'tidissimu.
Sec
Pharmacop.
of the
spleen.
It is still used
me-
Dioscorides
recom-
Comm.
'
'
*
270
SIMPLES.
mends
CoMM.
'
'
"
it
as
and
further
and
diarrhoea.
Its
enlarged
it in the
same
we
Materia
not
'
"
of
it
it
wine
with
cataplasm
for
thorns,
in
be
aphrodisiac,and
of children,
medicinal
under
the
general
head
general
by
as
Baithar.
the
Gladiolus
patience
of
the
in the
out
other
any
barbarous
on
translations
it
intestinal
Arabians
notices
the
Materia
of their
sets
had
See
it down
time
the
^ledica.
is
it
brieflynoticed
it in
works
of
entirelyof
up
not
of
its
states
Iris.
translator
have
to
hernia
treat
with
It is also
and
reported
was
it is made
German
He
excellent
an
author, merely
Galen.
We
description
phygethlon,
in the
The
of
His
authorities
Arabian
attractive,
extracting stings
Lilimn, along
Byzantinus.
hunt
to
of
forming
says
our
terras.
and
423.)
(i,
Ebn
the
on
communis.
called
and
like
account
Dioscorides
from
extracts
but
Baithar.
minute
for
tumour
of
His
authorities
Gladiolus
draught
Galen,
in
virtues
such
the
pessaries;
(iv,20.)
Arabians,
possessed
frankincense
suitable
to
reason
list of Ebn
authority as
own
and
emmenagogue
an
is
gives
discussing the
as
their
notices
powers.
it with
his
on
reduces
have
the
by
copious
its root
clearlyidentifies
as
recommends
and
Iris
boils
Galen
We
overlooked
Dioscorides
Commentary.
author.
our
in the
even
diuretic, and
vinegar, (iv,22.)
writing this,in
desiccative
discutient, and
CoMM.
as
wholly
Bulbous
Xiphium,
'
terms
it,while
Medica,
in
vii.
bruises,ruptures, sciatica,
is very
says,
drunk
it is not
find
he
seed,
brief
that
cannot
prescribesit internallyin
spleen when
believe
and
vulnerary^
[book
and
writings
Its
name
Kasijion,
"Or,,
the
Sorbus,
called
powers,
'
"
by
but
others
less than
the
recommend
Dioscorides
prescribesit
decoction,
(i,173.)
pretty closelyfrom
fruit
it is
of
which
is
by
some
possessed of astringent
medlar.
Sorbus
the
authorities
in
(the
Sorba) ;
ova,
It is the
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
oa,
Tree
Service
Galen.
with
Our
fruit
this
domestica.
as
an
Avicenna
the
excellent
intention
author^s
All
treats
astringent.
both
in fruit
of
account
of
ancient
it
and
it is taken
confusedly
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
under
the
of the
treats
the
head
article
of
Cornu
but
Sorba,
we
Sorbas.
vel
does
not
treating of.
are
271
seem
See
De
Comm.
'
'"
OBovva,
Otlionna
say that
; some
Araljia^where
Egyptian
it borders
It
stone.
everything that
this
the
herb
others
in
growing
that
it is
an
pupil.
Tagetes
at
have
to
same
African
Erecta,
from
this
nothing
Dioscorides.
all in
been
be
to
name,
borrows
article
appear
the
likelyenough
of
author
of
and
Egypt,
detergent and
The
seems
stone
Our
is
juice of
French
or
Comm.
'
Marigold,
the
with
obscures
Commentary.
it is the
his work
ignorant
herb.
is known
for
Galen
does
'
certain.
not
The
Simples.
on
'
Regarding
treat
Arabians
of it.
OivavBy],
ffinanthe,
the
flower
it acts
as
the Wild
of the
wild
and
The
the
flavour
wine.
hence
beUy
dry,
Vitis
stomach
to
powers
expels
Its
shown
the
quite opposite
secundines,
that
that
corides
Dios-
this;
to
and
cures
and
cataplasm
an
it acts
ample
Comm.
for
giving
account
of its
is
of
that
says,
when
beneficially
restrains
inflammation,
when
incipientfistula lachrymalis,and
in the
ulcers
mouth, and spreading ulcers in the pudenda,
when
rubbed
in with
honey, saffron,rose-oil,and myrrh : it
is made
an
ingredient of pessaries for restrainingbleeding,
and
is
for defluxious
applied
when
burnt
as
upon
application,and
of the
cataplasm
heated
cures
to
eyes
and
burning
of
with
the
flour
wheat
coals
in
of
the
shell it forms
whitlow, pterygia,
loose
an
stomach
and
wine
it
:
ophthalmic
and
'
'
applied
appetite and acidity of the
with
vinegar and rose-oil
embrocation
wounds
recent
he
an
wild
'
It is still used
gives
loss
cataplasm
flower of
astringent, and
diuretic,restraining fluxes of the
for
it forms
evidentlythe
power,
blood
is
Dioscorides
spitting of
in headache
applied
it
former
it is stomachic
as
having
Vitifera,L.
virtues.
and
jaundice.
species of
medicinal
is
says, that
Commentary.
to
vine
another
he
hence,
strangury
considerablyastringent,and
tonic, particularlyin affections of the belly.
describes
and
Vine
bloody
SIMPLES.
272
CoMM.
'
vii.
gums,
'
[book
certainlyappear
it
to
place among
With
regard
have
been
(Enanthe
have
crocata, but
may
given by
Materia
not
AVe
it has
although
the
to
Pliarm.
79.)
Ternan,
and
ception
ex-
in
the
Dioscorides,
CE.
on
that
we
noticed
it.
Pimpinelloides,
known
un-
the
spot in Banchory
it is not
wholly
innocuous
them.
by
eaten
articles
authority has
the
the
ascertained
when
the
We
powers
fact,with
from
abundance
in
grows
have
cattle
to
even
its medicinal
the
our
of
collectors
we
ancient
in
place
It
of
conclusion, that
in
no
Pimpinelloides.
In
our
be
O.
descriptionof
other
any
mention,
may
the
as
conjectures
it cannot
that
account
whose
gives
which,
name,
professedly taken
is
that
aware
same
Dioscorides.
from
Oribasius,
Medica
be
the
to
author
our
of
add
the
is certain
It
to
Celsus, who
by Dioscorides, various
advanced.
nothing
of
(iii,
21.)
of
remarks, is described
author
are
herb
the
to
CEnanthe
the
diuretics,
the
be
to
us
01.1'oc,
Wine, belongs
Vinum,
medicines.
desiccative
belongs
'
"
in
Book
We
For
I.
properties,the
xxxiii,19
of
we
for
he
which
is
their
suited
them
which
for
in order
are
Since
heat.
describe
those
such
give
is of
to
as
as
are
the
be
are
at
wine
treated
considerably old
to
the
first.
fully of
the
ancient
enumeration
and
of
their
Wines
medicinal
the
we
formation
converted
out
this head,
long commentary under
succinct
exposition of it from Aetius.
second
class of
of the
find
we
in like
as
dryness
red
in
Of
can.
time
and
and
blood.
thick
Next
at
the
is
thick
but
that
the
analogous
to
shall
we
wines, then,
are
the
little
in order
same
but
manner
wine,
all
blood, requiring
into
dark, sweet,
calefacients
varieties
many
same
of
tliird
Their
first.
briefly as
the
N.
moderately old, is
sweet
sweet
is
heating
is
says, is of the
and
new
which
of
reader
to
order
that
ample
an
merely give
shall
Wine,
us
the
have
seq.),and
et
place
But
third, and
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
the
to
second
the
to
most
change
to
these
time;
then
SIMPLES.
111.]
SECT.
those
which
and
have
these
But
of all others
in
colour
to
water.
But
least nutritious
the
thin
and
the
sweet
in
are
the
system
and
they
But
very
more
as
to
than
other; and
of
not
thick
spleen, or
dropsy or
calculus
to
which
food
more
best, and
those
is red
much,
in
who
are
body
bowels
and
in
humour
the
of
so
liver,
with
especiallyold
and
best
the
to
affected
become
those
them
use
wines, the
is strong
stomach
obstructions
have
more
digested and
slowly
more
far
so
bowels.
of the
that
hence
who
of all
But
men.
and
kidneys,
which
those
are
laxative
more
are
them
nutritive
to
from
some
than
austere, being of
the
than
are
it is clear
diuretic
And
some.
in
are
Less
consistency,being in
sooner
digested and
the
slowly distributed ; but when
digestthem properh',they furnish
any
are
which
time.
same
austere, in regard
readilydiffused over
more
heating nature,
those
the
quality at
white
and
the
are
hke
red
are
acid
some
powers.
are
colour
in
273
fitted for
persons
from
convalescent
eases,
dis-
gently astringent,(i.)
OiavTTog,
CEsypum,
Unscoured
Commentary.
The
wool.
It
used
Wool, is treated
CEsypum was
medicinally in
the
of under
wool.
sordes
collected
from
Comm.
'
the
medicine.
Sec
in
particular Dioscorides
'
Avicenna
(1.c.) and
2, 355.)
(ii,
OXvvOoi,
Grossi
discuticnt
Ficulnei, Green
Fir/a,are possessed
the juice which
is in
owing to
boiled,therefore,they discuss
thev
powers,
remove
CoMMEiNTARv.
III.
mvrmecia
Thcy
and
ai'c
hard
acrid
of
When
them.
swellings ; but
and
when
raw
thvmi.
the
unripe
fruit
of
the
18
fig tree.
Comm.
'"^
274
C'oMM.
SIMPLES.
Dioscorides
them
and
as
them
recommends
for
the
is
in
them
of mad
various
to
epinyctis,and
of the
Arabians, who
figs.
See
of
treat
Avicenna
them
salts and
as
Grossi
the
gar
vine-
application
an
the
are
under
Our
Dioscorides, who
with
cataplasm
vii.
recommend
tumours.
from
abridged
a
the bites
authorities
ancient
appHcation
of
account
further
to
stimulant
author^'s
of
most
[book
Ficulnei
general head
of
2, 276.)
(ii,
OAocrrioi',
is
Holostium,
Hence
gency.
'
they
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
possessed
of
the
It has
all upon
who
of
have
about
been
which
being
found
we
borrows
by
it in any
the
as
Our
from
described
with
powers
articles in the
there
down
set
conjecture.
mere
in his turn
its
few
are
is
Parkinson
11.)
desiccative
astrin-
it for fractures.
use
There
ancients
of
much
so
Holosteum
modern
in Dioscor.
copies from
Dioscorides.
any
See
(iv,
umbellatum, but
here
We
Galen,
not
are
Arabian
the
Medica
doubt.
Sprengel
author
of
Materia
aware
authorities^nor
Dispensatory.
0(U(j^o/ciov,
is
Omphacium
the
it
of
the
desiccative
and
astringent
Hence
Juice
defluxions, and
applies to
the
in
third
siderably
con-
degree.
especiallythose
of
the
stomach.
The
CoMMENTARv.
CoMM.
juicB of unripe
is called
grapes
Agresto
'
*
in
Itah^,
recommends
Dioscorides
"Prodest
it is still used
where
it in
such
sanguinem
dysentericisj
xxiii,4.) This
is
it in
recommends
literal
these
in
affections
from
and
also
astringentsare indicated,such
old ulcers, spreading sores,
and
fistulse,
the
ulceration
of the
in
variety of
omphacium
(v, 5), as
one
that
corrodes
throat.
of
says
it,
Dioscorides, who
for
cases,
as
as
as
various
aphthae,loose
as
an
eyelids,(v,6.)
of the
outwardly, (v,12.) None
the Arabians
supply any additional
Dioscorides.
the
in which
asperityand
Pliny
cases,
translation
cases,
of
others
gums,
applicationto
Celsus
prescribes
cleansing medicine,
one
Greek
information
that
determines
authorities
of interest
nor
after
notice
CoMM.
[book
SIMPLES.
276
itjdo
in
so
the
nearly
language
same
as
vii.
author.
our
'
'
We
'
have
"works
been
not
of the
able
and
'
'
Dioscorides
lentil,or
flower, and
brychis sativa,
be
and
appears
Dioscorides.
their
from
a
to
characters
it
it the
would
of
roll themselves
with
wine
and
they
shell of
into
to
occupy
is still
cockshead,
its ancient
retains
Ol'OI,
rubbed
those
found
ball when
in
and
under
touched,
water-vessels,
and
jaundice,
possessed
are
Therefore,
powers.
dysuria
cure
The
in
with
Millepedes
of
cases
earache
in
described
thus
are
drunk
when
Commentary.
CoMM.
ceased
desiccative
from
rejectedit
have
to
long
and
borrow
ripening,discussive,useful in strangury."
96.) Our old herbalist,Culpeper, ascribes
virtues.
discutient
(iii,
"
or Slaters;
Aselli,]Millepedes,
of
holds
tumours,
both
sainfoin,or
medicines,
'
which
appear
it has
Although
vendors
being
same
of
discussive
author; indeed,
our
Arabians
Gray (Pharmacop.
to
as
Dispensatoiy,the
the
Ono-
the
Dioscorides
FabacecB.
ple
pur-
uncultivated
clearlyto point to
tribe
been
have
Med.
Mat.
of
of the
long,
and
wet
leaves
having
as
The
place in the
known
strangury,
cures
fathom
in
grows
sudorific,and
to
of
account
it
stalk
longer,a
root, and
plant
Pseudo-Dioscor.
same
phymata^
describes
descriptionseems
diuretic
It
160.)
little
small
This
grounds.
it to
discusses
dis-
and
aromatic
of
possessed
sudorific,
proves
like the
is
It therefore
powers.
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
the
of it in
traces
any
Arabians.
Onobrychis^ Cockshead,
cutient
discover
to
the
by
"
'
]Marcellus
Empiricus
lapidibusinveniuntui'
"
Porceliones
animalia
Grsecis
qure
locis
bestiolse
liuntiu' et rotundantur."
the
In
"
appellataonisci."
et
multipedes quae
sordidis
contactcC
sub
contra-
of Caslius
humectis
humidis
Aui'eliauus
(i,4),
who
calls
are
them
"
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
authorities
Materia
the
on
wards, recommend
In
all the
fact,almost,
from
millepedes
they
called
are
ascribed
Chai'ras,who
them
to
makes
Hill
Mead
recommends
directs
the
calls them
liquor,and
as
diuretics.
Avould
it with
In
cloth, and
hot
friable.
Lister
the
Onyches, are
fumigation, rouse
those
epileptics. But
when
Commentary.
in India
aromatic
smell
from
that
the
but
both
form-
in
says
Onyx,
shell-fishes
taken
He
also
in
from
concludes
and
itself,when
with
rouse
soften
burnt, has
the
steam
and
dered
ren-
and
belly.
that
that
feeding
the
when
epileptical,
internally,
they
the
it is the
lakes
the
canvass
suffocation
uterine
produce nard
properties,that both
and
shell-fish
thin
pensatory,
Dis-
These, in
are
lied
it
dried
nard
'"
it
l)y the
up
is
Sea
CoM\f.
acquires an
the
on
smell.
medicinal
that
and
London
a
et
in France
over
of the
vessel
the
is
being
in
off
(Momtu
the
of
them
of the
Dr.
strain
to
sugar.
disorder
like that
shell-fish,
in the lakes
Moses
property. He
shell-fishes.
with
1811.
detergent.
they
Dioscorides
of
operculum
affected
the
medicinal
of Indian
drunk
the
still used
covered
calls them
covers
or
inclose
a
it in
afterwards
are
ticularly
par-
English
highly diaphoretic.
and
edition
to
In
of
their diuretic
they
Pemberton's
Dr.
1746, it is directed
of
is
honey
that
They
place in
ditterent,
aiul
smaller,
castor
what
some-
stating,regarding their
in hysterical
vulsions,
conpersons
in
fumigations ;
applied
the
same
'
*
the
of
w'hich
does.
of
authorities.
mention
"wine,and
appear
Comm.
particular
in
held
ancient
stronglyfor
sweeten
proecejjta.) It
the
them
into
See
testifyto
aperient,attenuant,
them
characters
edition
the
authorities
from
put them
to
us
the
They
after
frequent
them
by
down-
author
our
2, 718.)
(ii,
in jaundice.
Cheslops.
or
virtues
Avicenna
of
use
take
as
(ii,37.)
Dispensatory until
Edinburgh
In
the
Slaters
cases
authorities
Dioscoridcs
same
Dioscorides.
commend
from
Medica
in the
them
277
belly;
and
powers
as
that
the
the
pur-
'
"
'
SIMPLES.
278
CoMM.
and
pura
of
account
but
this
except
that
to it
article
that
shell to the
to
(ii,10.)
raurex.
it feeds
nard
Dioscorides.
by
exactly the
are
translation
of
Simpl. 443.)
on,
The
of
gives
of
name
attribute
his
Blacte
the
Byzantie
dissimilar
which
he
assigns
Dioscorides
Rhases's
the
on
authoiities
literal
(De
onyx.
of
says
of the
fragrancy
^drtues
vii.
accurate
very
descriptionis nowise
medicinal
chapter
One
the
not
same,
the
Avicenna
under
does
he
[book
the
Blactice
that
Byzanti(E,
of
hot
and
a
they are
dry temperament,
of
and
being possessed
astringency
subtiltyof parts, and that
and cordial.
(Cent.
they are stomachic, hepatic,emmenagogue,
1. ult.
i, 127.)
readilybe
From
that
seen
above
the
it is the
has
Ononis, Restharrow,
third
the
and
degree, but
hence
it is
Commentary.
CoMM.
the
article,it
Strombus
of the
cover
'
of this
account
will
lentiginosus:
Oi'hJi'ig,
which
root
of it is
bark
is desiccative
in about
incisive
detergent and
lithontriptic.
See ''Ai'wi'tc"O^og,
Vineyar, is possessedof
Acetum,
and
both
hot,
the
prevailsover
on
we
Nicander
are
inclined
to
the
ancient
think
regarding
the
the
fact that
of
it at
doubt,
earth, meaning,
no
Celsus
it in the
the
commend
sting
of the
Galen's
account
abstract
of
and
AAdcenna
the
rank.
it.
ancient
recommend
that
"
vitium
is at
discusses
the
and
it is
carbonates.
and
Symeon
opinions on
an
the
Seth
as
other
the
All
same
question
^vith much
when
terms
has
vini."
vinegar
produced
certain
as
which
grape
Celsus
strongest
it
it
of
diminutive
Serapion
asp.
of
calls
the
great length
is
effervescence
an
cold
the
third
it is the
Galen
Simpl. i.)
Med.
(De
but
of the
juice of
Pliny
discutient.
nature
that
maintained
authorities
refrigerantand
time
the
Hence
strength.
parts
called
of
cold
the SchoHast
as
-yXuAcaSior,
But
eupheraismum, from yXvKvg,sweet.
says, per
rather
namely,
powers,
desiccant
It is also
"
*
tenuity
It is
hot.
Commentary.
CoMM.
from
arising
mixed
an
genuity.
in-
mention
poured on
and
PHny
antidote
Arabians
to
copy
interesting
gives an
this subject. Dioscorides
applicationto ecchymosis
of
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
the
the
it renders
weakens
the
1. ult.
i, 18.)
These
(Cont.
vinegar
hot
of
commend
and
(v, .21.)
agree
in
in
also
olive oil
or
Greek
and
it in
recommending
that
the
for
of the
'
'
ter
clys-
spreading
rities
autho-
embrocation
head
the
'
poisoning with
an
Arabian
Comm.
thorities
au-
Arabian
of
vinegar
The
in
and
cases
oil to
rose
but
recommend
recommends
and
orthopnoea,
seys.
antidote
They
Dioscorides
it.
Greek
Arabian
two
soothing
the
Both
an
as
cicuta.
vinegar and
with
of
it
and
opium
salt proves
intestines.
of the
ulcers
and
continued
long
of
say
if too
remarkSj
also Rhases
See
latter
the
but
face ;
279
iu
affections
chronic
throat
conglis
and
quin-
autliorities
further
whitlow.
erysipelas,
herpes, and
O^VUKClvBoQ,
Thorn
Oxyacantha, Evergreen
in
pear
and
appearance
referring
Thorn.
The
i. e. the
after
to
is
gently
stroked
it,that
that
of mvrtles
all fluxes.
its root
:
and
or
whether
us
to
that
suppose
Avicenna
regard
appear
to
to
applied in
that
its root
is
the
Galen
incisive,resembling
drunk
or
must
it restrains
names
be
the
Spina
acuta
be
at
all the
case.
of
the
(ii,
2, 11.)
Opium, is treated
CoMMKNTARY.
of under
Ottiov,
poppy.
Although
effects of
opium
and
given
the
this
not
'
of
eaten
'
Dioscorides,
Comm.
Berberis,
lead
have
prickles,and
is attenuant
that
the
it,says, with
pulverised and
and
of
power
of
See
thorns
the
says
Avhen
it to be
agree
Evergreen
or
to this section.
description of
that
powers,
possess
abdomen
the
make
wild
tenuity of
Sprengel
PyracantJia,
Mesne
on
botanical
it extracts
cataplasm
of
Mespilus
giving
might
the
to
commentators
its medicinal
said
it
the
some
Commentary.
in
is like
tree
having also
myrtles.
powers,
fruit of it resembles
The
parts.
the
poppy
on
a
the
animal
we
treated
economy
in the
the
proper
place, we
Fifth
Book,
medicinal
ties
proper-
shall avail
ourselves
deleterious
Comm.
*
SIMPLES.
280
of
CoMM.
"
'
*
tlie
[book
tion
ancient
regarding the
medicine.
Though
of
use
mention
is
important
some
in
opium
made
of
the
the
"
VII.
informa-
practiceof
of
juice
the
meconium"
as
poppy," and of
soporificsin the works
the Hippocratists(De Mulieribus, ii),
it does
not
appear
"
these
articles
of the
and
by
poppy"
the
him
him
much
were
is noticed
P.
later
The
age.
juice
likewise
but
ix,8, 2) ;
the
nature
of its medicinal
anything
to say
until
use
that
of
process
(H.
in
"
of
that
the
of his work
did
There
be
uses.
can
lead
not
no
tion,
ques-
of Celsus
"
was
j)apaverislacryma"
He prescribes
it on
opium, i.e. the concrete juice of the poppy.
For example,as an
occasions,both externallyand internally.
many
dients
ingredient along with hyoscyamus, burnt lead, and other ingrefor an
emollient
plaster to be applied in arthritic pains
as
an
(v, 18, 29, 35), and
injection with alum, acacia, and
heubane
in earache
(vi,7) ; as an ingredient in various coUyria
we
for
presume,
complaints of
about
the
the
(vi,18), and
anus
INIethodist,Cselius
opiates, and
held
that
he
approve
poppy
does
not
induce
autem
injectionin complaints
an
other
is very
to
appears
as
in many
Aurelianus,
"papavera
senses;
(vi,6) ;
eyes
The
cases.
famous
of
sleep,but
nou
pressuram
of
who
oppressionof
the
faciunt."
somnum
anodyne, soporific,concoctive,
cseliac
affections.
Taken
in
rubbed
of
for
the
with
almond
eyes
with
in
milk
and
rose
oil
;
;
and
oil,safl'ron,
the
roasted
wounds
erysipelasand
woman^s
with
death
saffron
yelk
Avith
and
coughs
and
in
jurious,
in-
in headache
when
earache
in
and
proves
it is beneficial
myrrh;
of
in
quantity, it
greater
is useful
and
jected
in-
inflammations
egg
and
safl'ron ; and
vinegar ;
for
gout
when
an
applied as
with
suppository
is
sleep. The best kind is that which
dense, has a heavy stupefying smell, is bitter to the taste,
readilyincorporatingwith water, smooth, white, not rough, nor
per
anum
grumous,
it induces
nor
moulding
like
wax
in the
process
of
straining;
SIMPLES.
HI.]
SECT.
laid
when
in
softening, and
sun
with
burning
not
the
adds, it
and
ears
Andreas
it in
rubbed
Mnesidemus
thus
for
these
is
See
head,
much
same
and
weaker
the
opium
or
both
than
and
the
in
now
other,
the
is
meconium
these
authors
And
those
that
is
proved by
is attested
modes
by
by
its
which
sufficient
former
commonly
now
perience
ex-
of
tised.
prac-
and
Pereira
(M. M.
643),
expressed juice of the leaves
Dioscorides
use.
that
states
it is
Plim^^s descriptionof
(iv,65.)
obviously taken from Dioscorides,
have
must
He
method
Exost.
was
is not
of the
coma.
adulterated
false,as
are
the
as
meconium
Erasistratus
Ksempfer (Amren.
The
1274.)
and
state
exactly the
recent
upon
and
the
were
to
purpose
time,
been
statements
meconium
and
our
been
He
his
sight and
for the
effects.
these
of
not
several
of it in diseases
use
dimness
mentions
colour.
tawny
the
disposing to
but
injurious;
of
then
medicines
oplithalmic
have
that
says,
smell, as
opium
practisedin
were
if it had
wovild
"
which
s'oft and
that
savs,
after
He
Diagoras condemned
inducing
eyes, as
that
says
its smell.
is I'oasted for
it becomes
shell until
when
and
smoky flame,
281
copied
describes
thus
the
from
some
meconium
ceding
pre-
cum
:
authority.
folia
meconium
capita ipsa et
decoquuntur, succus
vocatur,
multum
opio ignavior." (H. N. xx, 76.) Opium it is certain
was
freely used by the Empirics, and accordingly it will be
found
of
it is
that
Scribonius
is at
He
also
as
to
and
to have
in the
opium
Comp.
for
in colic
ai)pear
never
and
and
not the expressed
pains to state that it is the concrete
which
be
used.
must
juice
(Dc Medicamentis, viii.)
it
presci-ibes internallyfor pains of the kidneys (xxvi),
enema
an
wouhl
of
formuhe
common
very
Largus,
gives several
he
"
have
med.
certain
had
recourse
loc.
stomach
iii);
in
many
other
Galen
cases.
opinionsrespectingthe use
diseases.
He
indeed,
professes,
sound
very
treatment
had
sec.
and
(xxix),
of
to
but
affections
it
when
he
coukl
help
in
it.
(Dc
cailiac
in intense
'
SIMPLES.
282
CoMM.
pains of
the
tlie eyes
applicationof
m.
of
he
opium
gi^"ingthe
in
the
larger dose
besides
be
than
calls
below
the
juice of
sedative
rubbed
in.
It
those
of
ulcers
it proves
and
saffron
them
cures
and
the
apostemes
yet
he
adds,
the
of the
that
use
if
allays pain
given
dose
he
in
states
opium
taken
apostemes,
says of it,
He
nature.
forms
egg
liniment
it be
with
injected into
(lactucarium?).
says,
an
in
the
placed
affected,
ear
;
;
of
the
of it in such
the
woman
had
authorities
but
demned
con-
proving injuriousto
as
and
of
milk
ancient
cases
coughs,
often
that kind
cures
the
which
tated
debilipeculiarcases, when
and humidity, is braced
of heat
by it ; but in
by excess
constitutions,opium, so administered, impairs digestion;
many
it stops diarrhoea; is useful
in dysentery, and
in ulcerations
of the intestines.
It proves
fatal,he says, by congealing the
and
vital powers
dote
extinguishingthe innate heat ; and its antiis castor.
He
concludes
by saying,that three times the
noisy; improves
of
amount
the
mandragora
Haly
xVbbas
terms
that
to
the
poppy
if
pains,whether
smeared
eyes, with
many
sight; it allaysincessant
cloth
Egyptian
lettuce
of all
yelk of
the
soporificif
head;
sometimes
with
wild
inflammatory
an
He
proper
useful, he
is
head,
parenthesisthat
in
the
that
Med.
fatal
the
states
and
the
and
He
it narcotic
it dries up
;
but
tare.
from
internallyor
especiallyin
for gout
says
(De
poison,
under
black
all
best.
as
in his Mat.
it proves
drachms
two
size of
the
that
He
the
opium
poppy,
Of
viii.)
be
to
of
treating
general propertiesof
sun.
is also formed
is
Theban
the
Comp.
dicial
preju-
the
iii,and
loc.
sec.
interestingchapter on opium
opium to be the juice of the
dried
He
med.
De
counteracts
very
defines
to
that castor
pronounces
Avicenna,
i.)
mentions
vii.
condemns
iii ; and
(]Meth.]SIed.
collyria.
opium. (De
Antid.
has
although in generalhe
ii),
effects of
kinds
and
it in
often
1. ii.)He
s.
Med.
(Meth.
[book
say
be
treats
it is
that
from
of
seed
may
brief
up
of
notices
extracts
of the
given
as
opium
and
soporific
half
in
hvoscvamus,
of
stomach
drachm
or
double
substitiite
it.
the
sedative
to
medicine.
drachm
of
Dioscorides
opinions held by
and
Arabian
will
opium
Galen,
seed
of
(ii,2, 519.)
briefly,stating
more
Serapion^s account
from
for
of
in
general
He
prove
is
with
seems
fatal.
mostly
a
few
which
authorities,
SIMPLES,
284
princes of Cyrene
tliat the
CoMM.
'
'
of
'
verse
their
coius
among
the most
further
Pereira
in
of
the
silphium,is
shall
reserve
till
the
Median
resin
of
Ferula
resin
gum
Thapsia
re-
reckoned
were
stated^ our
have
the
the
that
Morb.
of
treated
we
that
and
Syrian juiceswere
assafoetida; Avhile
of
called
the
namely
congener,
Garganica,
It
iv.)
the
under
It
article.
authors.
Roman
(De
what
the
on
silphium by
(as
the
the
to
come
we
and
vii.
the
product of the
Cyrenaic juice was
positivelystated by Strabo. (Geogr. xvii,3.) We
its medicinal
what
have
to
we
properties
say on
That
ancients.
1041),
From
gum
of
Med.
(Mat.
world/^
struck
doctors
C\Teneau
in the
readilycomprehend
varieties
the
eminent
85.)
(iii^
Dioscor.
will
and
be
it to
caused
[book
By
in
occurs
of
Assa,
and
laser
laserpitium
the
tion.
Hippocratic collecauthors
it is generally
Arabian
the
name
is the
and
its modern
hence
pellation
ap-
Opi-yavoq,
CoMM.
them
describe
also
referred
the
0.
cannot
'to
onitis
and
the
3d,
particularuses
find
for
room
he
The
They
(c.310),
sylvestrealbum.
of
these
plants
separate articles
the
Arabians
copy,
Avicenna
Origanum
the
states
as
first
,on
(ii,2, 526),
Smyrnceum
occurs
and
the
L. ; the
2d, to
Dioscorides
so
fully
each.
scribes
de-
that
we
Suffice
Origana
diuretic
Greeks.
the
like
Galen,
Rhases
in
be
may
it
being laxative,emmena-
as
properties of the
call the
origanum
usual, from
Avhich
Heracleoticum,
0.
to
Dioscorides
and
species,
and
terms.
his
down
sets
of
Origanum
the
merely
The
number
same
"
say, that
gogue,
the
Galen
(Cont.
thor,
au-
in
general
and
fuge.
vermi-
See
modern
our
Serapion
1. ult.
i, 125.)
Greek
Phar-
macopceia (121.)
OpfOCTfXll'Ol',
Apium
of
montanum,
parsley,but
Mountain
stronger.
Parsley,
has
powers
like those
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
Dioscorides
Commentary.
285
of
says
this
article
{Selinnm
Comm.
'
Oi^eoselinum?
and
and
eraraenagogiie,
diuretic
Greek
its
and
authorities
and
See
in
in
Arabians
the
do
the
the
Apium
Athamanta
apothecaries, where
the
(Suppl. to
Pharmacop.
Dioscorides
on
it retains
take
its
other
with
under
some
found
emetic.
of
shops
characters.
of
we
rities
autho-
cases,
in the
ancient
article
it for the
in
minative,
being laxative,car-
as
Some
81.)
'
Apium,
Serapion (De Simpl.
montanura
is still to be
Libanotis
the
along
terras
same
and
Serapion's Arabian
represent
antidotes, and
general
(ii,2, 55) ;
particularAvicenna
Rhases
290) ;
it
it is diuretic
Galen
(iii,
69.)
of
treat
in
ingredient
an
remedies,
heating
congeners ;
Libanotisl:), that
Athamunta
or
the
the
Gray
commentators
treating of.
are
'Opo/3aK:)(jj,
Orobanche,
desiccative
and
both
See
CaryophyUea.
Dioscorides
merely
and
raw
ATe
it in the
have
it
it,that
The
been
able
to
eaten
was
the
the
Oro-
Comm.
"
i, liO.)
of
treat
it very
of
traces
any
"
potlierb
as
discover
to
be
of
Grteca.
authorities
other
not
Arabians.
of the
works
Sibthorp. (Fl.
of
states
boiled.
succinctly.
fii'st order
cooling temperament.
It appears
unquestionably
Commentary.
hanche
the
to
''Opo^oc,
Bitter
Ervum,
and
is
desiccative
Vetch,
in the
second.
incisive,detergent, and
great
dose
It
Dioscorides
bloody
is
in
belly and
the
being
bladder
word
of
the
alexipharmic
and
from
length, but
taken
in
too
urine.
Ervum
Bitter
ErvUia,
virtues
at
for
the
being good
Vetch.
Comm.
"
considerable
as
skin, and
and
The
little to
carcinoma
forming
Arabians
what
in
bowels, and
Our
treat
Dioscorides
good
author
of
and
for
copies word
for
nmch
greater
delivered
under
it at
had
gangrene
fomentation
'
'
pruritus, (ii,131.)
Galen.
add
as
therefore
large doses
diseases
chilblains
the
it
length, recommending
bitter,and
When
its medicinal
enumerates
diuretic,but
It is also
deobstruent.
it occasions
Commentary.
as
or
SniPLES.
286
'
"
dnink
When
this liead.
CoMM.
'
with
Adnegar,they say
and
acute
pain of
in
been
from
omitted
in the
softens
indurated
our
the
dif-
bowels
See
mammte.
See
'
Op/bllVOU,
in appearance,
like horehound
Clarij^is
it relieves
vii.
this
Though
Dispensatory,it is
(ii,342.)
shops.
Horminum,
[book
and
hot,
The
Commentary.
CoMM.
wild
is stronger
Our
author
the
than
cultivated.
his
borrows
of
account
this
'
'
from
Dioscorides.
(ii,135.) It is
[SalviaHorminum)
Celsus.
It is fullytreated
of by Galen, Aetius, nor
not treated
recommend
it as an
of by the
Arabians, who
applicationto
and other sores, as a collyriumin ulceration of the eyes,
cancerous
ai'ticle
and
of gout.
plasterin cases
aphrodisiac.See Avicenna
as
727.)
the
of
Even
late
ascribed
virtues
238.)
Med.
astringent, and
Orj'za,Rice, is somewhat
the belly in a moderate
degree.
It is the
Commentary.
CoMM.
and
the
authorities
other
terms.
For
Rhases
(Cont.
views
i, 583)
it boiled
astringency,and
its
Arabians,
;
in
the
nutritious
more
The
(ii,2, 567.)
it becomes
brief
same
see
Avicenna
in
it binds
Dioscorides, Galen,
its virtues
state
of the
1. ult.
recommend
Arabians
away
the
sativa.
Oryza
therefore
say, takes
and
forms
semen.
Orchis
having
herb
the
double
is
humid
are
provocative
venery.
and
desiccative, and
venery.
That
called
bulbous-shaped
greater orchis
to
also
and
But
The
root.
heating,
those
therefore,
specieswhich
Dog's Orchis,
of
on
is called
and
the
the
Testicle,
or
of
powers
therefore
lesser
it
is
heating
are
contrary, it
Sarapias, and
the
restrains
otherwise
SECT.
SIMPLES.
III.
TriorcMs, is
discusses
and
oedematous
its
than
former.
the
swellings,cleanses
herpes.
cures
to
desiccative
more
287
When
dried
it is
it binds
sub-astringency,
foul
and
therefore
putrid ulcers,
desiccative.
more
the
It
belly when
Owing
drunk
with
wine.
Commentary.
The
modern
botanists
speciesof it,and
it is difficult to
those
applicable
which
are
Dioscorides
and
the
is
former
the
Orchis
of
that
Regarding
of
its
the
relates
other
of
the
other
of
the
same
propertiesare
female.
blunting
the
virtue
the
the
to
of
venereal
of
the
specting
re-
it to
the
former
rousing
children, and
orchis
to
appetite,and
male
nonsensical
ascribed
that
vulgar belief,namely,
generation
However
refer
'~~'~'
by
confident
vii'tues of the
the
had
them
is undecided
to
Comm.
many
among
pretty
He
medicinal
roots
promoted
one
the
from
venture
may
merely
bulbous
the
is
papilionacea.
we
described
species described
two
Sprengel
Sarapias, but
and
venery,
Orchis
Dioscorides
one
that
the
Morio.
these,
author.
our
determine
the
to
have
by
appear,
herbalist
our
and
forth,
so
31, 32.)
(iii,
qualities.
Our
these
two
Testiculus
author
Canis,
the
Chasi
or
of the
from
copies
plantsunder
Galen
the
altahb
as
Osiris, Toad-flax,from
removes
obstructions
Commentary.
alba?),and
rallyfrom
Arabian
which
in the
recommends
as
it in
does
does
It
and
authorities
at
Greeks
besoms
Chasi
alchelb.
real and
same
had
scribe
de-
Yulpis and
i, 714)
1. ult.
See
Serapion
imaginary
done.
made,
arc
biieflynotices
jaimdice. Our
also Aetius.
not
Arabians
is bitter and
liver.
Dioscorides
Galen,
Dioscorides.
the
species
two
upon
The
explain
to
its sensible
of Testiculus
names
(ii,
2, 706) ; Rhases
(Cont.
(De Simpl. 90, 91.) They ascribe the
to
orchis
him.
Avicenna
powers
attempts
author
Oribasius
to
appear
this
be
treated
of
from
by
the
all.
OfTra,
Ossa, Bones,
when
biu'ut
are
possessed
of
discutient
and
"^""^
SIMPLES.
288
considerablydesiccative
is said
round
removes
when
The
burnt
and
hemorrhages
'
and
Galen
from
and
of desiccative
scrofulous
"
"
to
form
rubbed
It is
and
tumours
author
and
diseases
by our
they
furnaces,
when
draught, stop
triturated,are
Hence
they
vinegar cure
in with
with
same
possessed
used
are
as
themata,
itch,exan-
dispelenlarged
cerate
are
They,
indolent
an
Dioscorides.
of
form
the
fine
burnt
certain
to
nature,
shells
cutaneous
recommended
as
Oribasius
(v, 177.)
in
that
therefore,be supposed
may,
application
efiicacious
ver^^
sprinkledin
of
ascertained
well
now
principallyof lime.
a
good stimulant
consist
'
"
aphrodisiac.
glands.
Commentary.
CoMM,
spleen,
Oar^aKa,
gouty complaints,and
and
"
when
it
author.
detergent powers.
dentifrice,and
an
honey,
the
an
in
of
bowels.
authorities
our
'
Testae, Shells,from
with
It is also
cure
medicinal
if drunk
it reduces
of
arthritis
ankle-bone
if taken
ox
other
The
of their
account
"
an
to
burnt
oxymel
leuce.
of the
fluxes
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
of
thigh-bones
said
epilepsyand
cure
but
is
burnt^
The
with
in relieves
rubbed
an4
teeth
and
worms,
some
drink.
to
loose
to fasten
when
sow
And
bones
by giving burnt
ox
tormina.
and
flatulence
of
vii.
say^ those
especially^
they
powers^
ankle-bone
The
men.
[book
says, that
when
flesh
repressing fungous
powder.
t
OfTT^fa,
Ostrea, Oysters; the
to
buccina,
the
therefore, as
incarnating
of
is not
detergent
it is
washed
When
but
biu-nt shell is
to
freed
so
possessedof
face, and
the
from
and
attended
powers
It is
whitens
pungency,
cicatrizingulcers
and
consistence.
gross
similar
the
is
with
used,
teeth.
useful
for
copious
discharge.
'"
*
"
'
shells
and
of
it
of
oysters
burnt
it
or
snails.
imparts
heating
pungency
gives the
Galen
Commentary.
CoMM.
and
and
an
He
says,
empyreuma
attenuant
terrene, and
that
to
whereas,
of the
account
same
if
the
what
it is useful
shell be
burnt
washed
water, Avhich
remains
for
the
ders
ren-
is devoid
filling
up
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
cicatrization of
and
burnt
shells
as
He
ulcers.
dentifrice,in
289
recommends
which
the
they
case
do
aslies of all
Comm.
"
require
not
'
applied to sores.
finelylevigatedas they should be when
(De Simpl. 11.) This article is not treated of by Dioscorides,
the reason
of which
probably is,that in his time the word
a term
appliedto the whole class of the darpciKoSspiia.
ocrrpeo was
treated
of in the
See Commentary
same
(i,91.) They are
See Avicenna
terms
as
by the Arabians
by the Greeks.
(ii,
/
Rhases
1.
ult.
i, 224) ; Serapion (c.443.)
2, 529)
(Cont.
to
be
'Ovpov,
Urina, Urine
is weaker
man
all kinds
than
the
also
furfui'es ; and
That
who
some
It
cures
likewise
of
is
given
have
in
other
urine
question has
other
as
for this
abridged
disgust,the
urine
be
to
recommends
the
affection
is still
;
but
indicated.
ancients
99)
; Galen
716) ;
HI.
Rhases
sediment
which
; upon
on
of
for the
use
and
cure
belly,
of the
Dioscorides
internal
boy
is
in fact the
of
of the
'
"
it.
of
of
article in
Most
it in
Rhases.
cure
want
no
Comm.
and
of
use
for the
complaint.
the
of the
of the
this case,
Tliey also
bite of
the
incipientdropsies. Dioscorides
urine
an
as
applicationto erysipelas
that
Avhen
remarks
the
practice Galen
be quite unhot
such
an
suitable
applicationmust
that
Those
covered.
re-
arthritic
author
there
that
in the
drunk
that
affection,and
the
of
example, Dioscorides,Avicenna,
recommend
suits with
from
is
authorities,however, sanction
for
ception
ex-
have
plague
is laxative
of camels
peculiarvirtue
no
the
of mules
rejects,with
Some, he says, have given the urine
orthopncea; but he justly remarks
remedies
it in
drank
Galen
other
dropsicalcomplaints.
account
given by our
propertiesof Urine
Galen.
and
The
Commentary.
medicinal
of
of goats and
That
hence
urine
hot
are
of castrated
it is said that
it
of
when
who
this
cooled, it
desire
to
subject,are
know
or
any
more
referred
other
discutient
fully the
of
Dioscorithj^ (li,
to
views
is
Avicc^-tla
2,
(ii,
(Pract.ii,517)
19
"
"
'
SIMPLES.
21)0
(i, 191.)
Baithar
Ebn
CoMM.
The
[book
of
last
these
is
vtt.
particularlyfull
'
this head.
mider
'
YJayKpariuv,
Sea-daffodil,in
Pancratium,
the
squill,but
'
tuna,
"
would
There
Pereira
be
to
appear
jNIed.
(Mat.
Dioscorides, like
the
as
powers
prepared in
for
Galen
and
of
We
the
by
Arabian
Kebal.
He,
Galen,
and
Alston
mari-
pancration
(Mat. ]Med.) ;
used
and
the
same
that
it is
affections
same
words
same
pancration
the
describes
and
203.)
the
dropsies, (ii,203.)
the
nearly
appear,
the
in
spleen
whether
it has
degree
authorities, with
would
it
Baithar, who,
the
in doubt
are
of it in
treat
Sdlla
The
it,that
weaker
and
of
red.
the
of
states
in
the
and
manner,
diseases
and
variety. See
author,
same
Aetius
author.
651)
om^
in
white
red
squill,but
the
example,
the
of
varieties
two
ai'e
the
Sqnill,namely,
or
is like
po^Tcrs
is weaker.
CoJiMEXTARY.
Coinr.
'
and
appearance
be
of
the
from
extracts
our
treated
exception
it under
as
Ebn
of
name
Dioscorides
(ii,309.)
riaAiouon^,
C/irist's- thorn
Palinrus,
and
phymata
is of
so
hence
when
they stop
they
incisive
the
nature
fluxes
of
not
are
of
the
hot
very
break
to
as
and
leaves
down
of it
root
arc
belly,and
discuss
fruit
The
nature.
tringent,
as-
stones, and
relieve
expectorations.
'
*
It would
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
Dioscorides
Gaertn.
properties as
so
diuretic
treat
not
author.
our
and
lithontriptic,
of
it in
been
able
Thus,
alexipharmic,its
discutient
and
nearly
to
it
to
of
stop looseness
to
as
ascribes
be
to
seem
the
nearly
he
the
and
same
terms
it in the
detect
as
Mat.
our
expectorant,
being
and
Galen
externally,(i,121.)
the
same
root
bowels,
australis,
medicinal
it is
says,
leaves
the
Palinrus
that
and
We
author.
Med.
of
the
gent,
astrinit is
Aetius
have
Arabians.
YlavciKeg,
Panaces,
from
Avhich
heating
in
All-heal
the
the
it is from
substance
third
named
speciescalled Heraclium,
is produced, being
opoponax
that
degree, desiccative
in the
second,
emollient
SIMPLES.
292
CoMM.
of
mer
Mat.
these
would
Med., and
therefore
claims.
discutient
the
being
as
inclines
Sprengel
Hypericum
at
are
internallyand
the
other
author.
authorities
The
Arabians
under
the
in
head
like
of
bites
it in
of
treat
the
to
the
and
modern
Dioscorides
externally for
ferable
pre-
externally
as
internally
Chironium
the
Why
Chironium
explain.
to
it
ancient
have
to
seem
tumours,
that
origanifolium, Willd.
loss
the
of
vii.
49.)
reptiles,(iii,
to
think
and
ulcers
to
would
recommends
antidote
an
Libanotis
the
latter
Dioscorides
application to
"with wine
be
to
appear
[book
botanists
have
first of these
plants,
recommends
it both
reptiles.
Galen
and
like
general terms,
our
its medicinal
give
manner
the
is
perties
pro-
of Panaces.
YlciTTV^og,
when
Papyrus,
unburnt
substances.
But
but
of the
the
ashes
From
used
as
of
says
est.^^
caustic.
it,
It is
Charta
"
same
much
was
that
fit
by
the
of
blood.
See
(ii,2, 536.)
Baithar
Its
and
ashes, he
also
Rhases
(Cont.
inter
as
The
Galen.
Avicenna
is.
the
blood,
spittingof
1. ult.
in
commends
re-
stypticto stop
stop the
says,
Pliny
caustica
dilatingfistulae
now
also
they
and
for
sponge
it, the
Celsus.
cremata
ancients
prepared
Linnseus.
kali, which
by
Dioscorides
also
of
Papyro,
ex
See
used
manner
carbonate
frequently mentioned
quae
paper,
from
prepared
paper
impure
an
papyrus
the
procured
like burnt
Papyrus by
Cypems
burnt
and
papyrus
other
weaker.
are
papyrus
of
vehicle
the
it is desiccative
It is marked
burnt
ancients
only simply
burnt
when
Commentary.
CoMM.
is
i, 132), and
Ebn
(ii,244.)
Ylaptovvyria,
Paronychia,
Mountain
paronychia (whitlow).
desiccative
and
CoMM.
grass.
See
Its
The
Pharmacop. 105.)
those
are
the
Dioscorid.
Dioscorides
named
because
of
an
it
cures
attenuate
pungency.
commentators
Sprengel (Ad
so
are
powers
without
substance
Commentary.
Paronychia
Knotgrass, is
and
Draha
divided
verna,
between
or
join
in
the
Whitlow-
(Suppl. to
commending
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
it for the
of
cure
Galen
whitlow.
been
able
it in the
defect
to
Hippocrates
Celsus
nor
works
it acts
in this
Comm.
'
'
We
powers.
have
Arabians.
of the
noticed
has
that
argues
discutient
by being possessed of
case
293
''
not
Neither
it.
YlevTa(f)vWo";,
but
by
no
Commentary.
Democritus
difference
(Ad
c), and
well-known
the
plant Potentilla
well
Cinquefoil,answers
Dioscorides
wash;
of
cure
for
dysentery;
and
cutaneous
much
used
states
its
of the
as
in
ancient
of
is
in which
it
Parkinson, Gerard,
and
English Dispensatorydown
of
it,says,
in
seem
to
the
Baithar.
it
have
cures
of
the
it,says
most
as
given by
place in
chronical
it is
Schroder
it
herbalists,
Quinc}',who,
of
that
than
Dioscorides.
old
our
for
Ebn
this head
it held
that
of
the
Arabians,
i, 544)
by
(137.)
aware
are
in
the
1. ult.
all
by
through
cinque-
which
occurs
For
under
more
time
is the
It
coughs, "c."
been
character
to
defining the
things
is recommended
runs
commendation
that
vulnerar}',
not
Schroder
"
been
by Apulcius
(Cont.
Culpeper, and
have
author, merely
It
recommended
as
tumours
to
our
bowels, epistaxis,
angina, "c.
cases
its decoction
many
appear
(ii,33.)
repeat the
The
It
to.
fevers, epilepsy,and,
applicable.
emollient,
treatises.
referred
medicine, without
Avicenna
Baithar
Celsus, who
Hippocratic
it is
in which
creeping
Galen, like
a
that
in the mouth
applicationto
times.
Sprengel
common
mortifications
as
'
by
think
purposes
intermittent
general propertiesas
particularcases
38.2.)We
remarks, it would
author
our
Med.
Comm.
considerable
Parkinson,
See
windpipe
discutient
been
great many
described
descriptionsabove
toothache, and
eruptions;in
short, as
folium
it for
roughness
and
in
P.
order,
use.
minutely
reptans, Angl.
the
to
recommends
for the
a
Rutty (Mat.
third
greatly in
of
Dioscor.
in the
this article be
Although
Dioscorides
by
It is therefore
acrid.
means
desiccative
Cinquefoil,is
Quinquefolium,
our
ing
treat-
pers
distem-
astringent and
Quincy
was
Dioscorides
here
merely
and
does
firming
con-
Ebn
'
'
SIMPLES.
294
[book
vii.
IlfTrXoc-
Peplus, called by
has
juice and
Papaver
some
like the
purges
this shrub
And
spumosum.
spurges.
YleirXiov,
this too
Peplium;
the
part, it is of
most
like that
of the
'
"
species of
and
E.
sea
These
in
say, the
to
articles
the
Spurge
or
Galen
and
the
at
the
them
give
say
time
same
on
of them
that
they
We
Peplis and
E.
they
We
in
treating
of
medicines
fruit
beingr
its root
it,while
of
humid
more
unripe
"
of
purging,
All the
Greek
(Mat.
v),
briefly
Avicenna
to
from
shops
by
stated
apothecaries.
while
Boerhaave
these
rough
further
Rutty
declined
"
tory,
Dispensa-
our
of the
have
thorities
au-
Med.
Arabians
The
Tithj^malle.See
in the
We
noticed
character
excluded
thus
not
See
520.)
Piper, Pepper
the
root
as
are
Actuarius
hastily.^^(Mat. Med.)
too
Med.
the
to
now
found
opinion
spurge
seed
like the
Peplus be
the
20), but
be allowed
may
purple
drastic
character.
purge
small
Med.
xx,
down
same
still to be
are
concur
(Mat.
Med.
exactly the
N.
their
Peplus
expellingflatulence.
of
Mat.
2, 103, 104.)
(ii,
the
gives
two
are
collection.
characters,
by Pliny (H.
also mentioned
Celsus.
flatus
E.
the
frequently mentioned
are
same
they
and
petty spurge,
Hippocratic
the
gives them
that
probably
the
Ephesius gives them
phlegmagogues and cholagogues. (De
by
of it purges
seed
doubt
no
Ruffus
rides
sea-side;for
the
by
grows
the
be
can
Euphorbia
Peplls,that is
spurge.
but
use,
no
There
the
purgatives
juice^and
peplus.
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
has
fruit is the
black, because
resembles
the costus
and
hot.
white
But
pepper,
it is over-heated.
that
which
being
more
Both
are
in power.
the
is
long
it
as
pepper,
the
were
than
acrid
heating
But
and
the
desic-
cative.
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
Sohnus
gives the
'
'
"
sam
Quod
incorruptum
et
torridam
est
calor
Piper
album.
following account
Quorum
cutem
Qui
of
it
rugodemum
JS1MPLE8.
III.]
SECT.
caducus
fervido
torretur
29.)
traliit de
sole,vocamen
colore.
At
ut
Piper dicitur.'^
est, album
ipsa arbore stringitur,
account
of tlic
65.). This is not quite a correct
(Polyliist.
is tlie fruit gathered before
it is
Black
matter.
pepper
White
is the fruit of the
ripe,and dried in the sun.
pepper
quod
ex
plant,gathered
same
quod immaturum
It is
now
Frequent
mention
treatises.
(De
Morb.
kind
from
and
pepper,
he
does
the
vocatur."
is made
and
in
Dioscorides
the
on
white
P.
of
its
ternal
ex-
further,
says
(Orig.xviii,8.)
species.
the Hipjiocratic
lent
gives };n exceldistinct
whole
recognize the
not
black
is
Piper lonyum
peppers
freed
Isidorus
water.
Mul., "c.)
the
except that
one,
that the
of the
of
account
in
piper lougum
est
ascertained
fullyripe and
it is
after
maceration
by
coat
"
Co.mm.
"
longum
varieties.
correct
very
as
He
tinct
dis-
of it
says
in
great varietyof
intermittent
of
fevers,
intermittents
commentary
for
pepper
opening
and
the
Galen.
the
(Therap.ad
great many
his
work
its
of
(v,4, "c.)
authorities
peppers
copy
says
the
separately of the Piper and
although in one
place he quotes Galen
held
variety of
them
be
the
of
most
whole, lie
agrees
with
long the
Dioscorides
uses,
Pepo, Pompion,
that
part which
freckles
of the
and
the
kidneys.
is
is
as
like.
its medicinal
Aetius
Avicenna
saying
as
the
and
cure
distinct
stonuxchic; but
for the
Galen.
plants. He
says of
that it increases the appetite,promotes digestion;
other, that it is aphrodisiac. He says the white
to
in
remedy
desiccative.
from
treats
latter is
as
on
Greek
use
by Stephanus in his
Glauc.) Celsus prescribes
diuretic,
being calefacient,
Simples,merely
stronglycalefacient and
it is
other
as
purposes,
"c.
pores,
that
powers,
is
on
a
in
pepper
beginning with
188.) The use
(ii,
stronglyrecommended
cases,
most
Galen
to
the
if he
as
the
former,
and
of
kind
laxative.
as
that
On
the
is the
tlie
its medicinal
further
Hence
detergent powers.
the flesh of it,cleanses
away
possessed of
it
were
But
the
seed
of it
removes
obstructions
'
296
SIMPLES.
Commentary.
CoMM.
See
Book
the pepo
and
It
sect.
First,,
is
Avicenna
The
and
treat
of
this article
1. ult.
skin ;
medicine.
the
section
melon.
it is
ancients
difficult
of
days.
The
relieves
affections
Lonicera
either
of
the
cases
same
rates
The
the
leaves
incisive
and
heating
blood
of the
the
Arabians
fore,
be-
once
of
fruits
the
It is not
See
to
as
for
for
casion
oc-
seven
forty days,
that
it is either
is to
caprifolium, that
it in
recommends
say,
nearly
says
Oui'
author's
found
the
decides
Sprengel
also
confused
so
drunk
when
Honeysuckle.
(iv,14.)
possessed
are
powers,
doubt
no
author, and
give rather
fruit
if drunk
Dioscorides
Galen.
and
dyspnoea.
L.
the
the
or
our
climbing plants.
be
can
latter.
as
urine
by
spleen and
There
from
diuretic
than
more
summer
deliveryin labour,
condensed
stated
desiccative,and
"Woodbine
in favour
obstinate
excellent
an
distinguishthe
jierichjinenum,or
the
have
we
as
of
is
seed
Commentary.
CoMM.
Avicenna
to
discharge
See
Woodbine
time
same
commending
length, re-
another.
one
Periclymenon,
at the
internallyas
its root.
to
application to
an
and
Indeed,
from
as
of
Dioscorides
considerable
at
seed
2, 89)^ Rhases
(ii,
(Cont.
Serapion (De Simpl. 251.) It is clear from
the Pepo, that the term
also applied
on
was
iii^20), and
Avicenna^s
to
externally
tliat the
property
same
vii.
Pepo, L,
quality,(^di,
14.)
ascribingthe
the
laxative
emetic
an
Cucurhita
the
mentions
in
it
of
Alexander
80.
agree
Arabians
diseases
be
to
appears
possessedof
[book
of it is
account
in the works
of Celsus.
along with
account
other
Serapion (c.41.)
neptarf^Ewi',
Yerbenaca,
it
According
He
to
It
it
phalangia, and
mad
authorities
describes
of
cure
two
therefore
undoubtedly
and
astringent that
stops hemorrhage.
the
Verbena
and
Apuleius,itis styptic,
agglutinative,
recommends
for the
is
desiccative
so
and
aggkitinateswounds,
Commentary.
CoMM.
'^~"
Vervain,
is
as
applicationto the
dogs. Dioscorides, and
an
down
to
jaundice, and
species,of
bites
most
Macer, recommend
externallyfor
which
the
second
officinalis.
abstergent.
of
of
it
foul
serpents,
the
internally
ulcers.
is the
ceeding
suc-
He
Verbena
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
recommends
merely
and
Dioscorides
that
it is
under
the
the
it
(Cont.
Ainslie
(Mat.
1. ult.
Ind.
With
but,
stated
been
Alston
and
the
upon
another
recommends
good styptic
Arabians,
He
mends
recom-
See
in
it
Hindoos,
see
like
under
the
is
no
Comm.
dried
'
Myxa.
have
We
would
vulgaris,
Miller.
of the leaves
powder
Galen
character
and
of
Dioscorides.
'
'
means
we
as
Myxa.
same
follow
the
as
Cordia
agree,
hemorrhage.
the
by
the
Persica
the
give
to
disposed to
of
manner,
of which
leaves
inclines
as
cases
authorities
in
also
stop hemorrhage.
Sprengel
See
place.
merely
Greek
Woodville
not
are
we
Dioscorides
other
Aviceuna
generally acknowledged
whole,
admit
of
the
by
use
therefore
difficulties.
many
hesitatingly,then,
as
its
think
to
palea.
s.
an
It has
opinion
in
On
astringent,and
as
with
this
translation
'
"
from
up
inclined
are
columbarum,
?),is
and
tree, but,
decided
We
'
Ebn
entirely made
is
Comm.
ii,314.)
Commentary.
is attended
herb.
vulnerary
in the
i, 530.)
{the Peach
desiccative
peach
variety,and
one
an
Persica
described
only
plant
(i,498.)
of Pastus
names
as
being
as
this
Galen,
plant
Rhases
are
it
description of
Baitliar^s
describes
Galen
297
See
the
it.
The
Avicenna
(ii,2, 22.)
W^TaaiTriq,
Petasites, Butter-burr,
hence
it is used
ulcers
daiuic
say
the
this
of
same
of the
It is still used
time
it.
We
It
was
of Quiucv.
by
the
it
have
Arabians
only
and
malignant
the
been
able
Ebn
and
phage-
authorities
it in the
Baithar, who,
an
and
under
Galen.
applicationto
Dispensatory
as
with
Tussiluyo
find
to
Dioscorides
as
plant
the
Greek
other
from
the
being
ulcers.
this
for
except
desiccants
phagcdsenic
its
not
extracts
in
of
of
country people
retained
order
description of
Galen
ulcers.
and
doubt
no
recommends
(iv,lOG.)
of any
"works
leaf,leaves
He
third
the
Dioscorides's
petasiform
petasites.
of
for iU-conditioned
Commentary.
its
is
late
as
foul
the
Comm.
'
*
298
[book
SIMPLES.
vii.
TIeTOoaeXivop,
Petroseliiium,
third
in the
cative
Stone
Parsley
seed
tlie
and
copious urinary
menstrual
desic-
and
hot
is
it
hence
discharges.
sions
occa-
is
It
also
carmiuative.
It is the
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
'
and
donian,
"
Macedonicum.
to
in the
found
to
Pharmacop.
that
and
bladder
ingredient
of
curious
for the
290)
Ebn
of
of
when
and
scirrhous
it
our
(145.)
Our
it
places where
other
See
Avicenna
1. ult.
i, 69)
The
Arabians
given by
this
Antidot.
(De
their
Hog' s-fennel;
we
It
plant
Averrhoes
smelled
chest
spleen.
The
in
occasioned
When
straightway allays
affections.
and
to
root
by
put
the
potion
thick
into
pain ;
promotes
and
the
has
cultivated
in
parsley under
;
Serapioii(c.
than
more
42) ;
v,
repeat
juice
concrete
for
tooth
eaten
agrees
exfoliation
and
atteniuint,
affections
humours,
it
fection
con-
Galen
masters.
the
use
the
(CoUig.
do little
Grecian
in
Arabians
of
species
an
in
Avas
The
i.)
it is
occurs
(ii,2, 55)
;
kidney's,
that
(iv,14, "c.)
cases,
with
and
ingredient
an
aud
stomach
side, of the
di'ink ;
as
emmena-
as
lungs
from
Dioscorides
the
70.)
(iii,
the
along
the
other
(ii,388.)
Peucedanum,
both
it
of it
in
in
(Cont.
Rhases
characters
sap
taken
antidotes,
Apium.
Baithar
the
on
of
still to
are
Galen.
of
is
It
Gray (Suppl.
See
Quincy
it from
pains
in his time.
treat
of
in flatulence
mentions
colic,and
passage
head
the
diuretic
market
general
Avhen
Celsus, who
for
of
tormina, for
in
time
the
is beneficial
in
works
in
its seeds
are
colon, and
of the
except in
wholly disappeared
not
characters
his
it
parsley
found
apothecaries.
our
It had
79.)
seeds
its
gogue;
of
shops
borrows
author
be
continent, and
the
on
Dispensatory
English
Athomanta
and
INIacedonian
to
not
"
of Pefro-
cultivated, however,
be
the
"
remarks,
Mace
the
names
Macedoniciim,
country, and
our
botanical
curious
says
Buboii
called
botanical
different
Miller
As
stranger
the
Macedonicum,
selinum
is
bv
known
species of Parsley
and
wdth
with
of
in
the
also
for
caries
nervous
scales
of
SIMPLES.
300
[book
vit.
Y\r]-yai'oi",
Rue
Ruta,
carminative
"
hence
The
The
other
the cultivated
and
viscid humours.
is
wild
is
species
fourth
the
to
but
the
of
cale-
third,dividing
It also promotes
subtile
and
parts
venereal
appetites.
is the Peganum
Harmala,
graveolens.
According
rue
the
order
to the
of
composed
it restrains
Commentary.
'
urinary discharge,and
the
CoMM.
belongs
thick
discussingthe
and
"
wild
desiccants
and
facients
the
Ruta
L.
to
he
kills
astringent, and
gogue,
foetus
in
utero
caustic,calefacient,ulcerative,diuretic,emmena-
are
says,
it
It
45, 46.)
alexipharmical.(iii,
occurs
Our
Hippocratic treatises,and in the works of Celsus.
of it given by Galen.
author
abridges the interestingaccount
Arabians
The
treat of the two
species very elaborately,but in
Dioscorides.
Avicenna
See
follow
the
main
(ii,2, 571) ;
in the
mention
Med.,
Mat.
the
and
116.)
they
The
still retains
graveolens
the
the
Turks
used
were
Ruta
that
still kept in
are
(Collig.
v, 42.)
Averrhoes
in the
of
just
may
place in
our
Harmala,
other, Peganum
its seeds
time
its
See
shops.
use
of the
seeds
We
as
as
Wiaaa,
Pix,
but
less
Pitch
pitch is
dry
desiccative
second
the
liquidis contrariwise.
the
while
calefacient,
in
degree,
They
have
and
digestivepowers, and also discutient
acrid.
remove
lichen,
leprous nails,cleanse
They therefore
and
powerful, so as
digest swellings. But the liquidis more
detergent and
some
to
serviceable
be
dry
is
in
for
linctus
agglutinativeof
more
Pliny
Commentary.
CoMM
asthma
cases.
N.
says
of
pitch,Dioscorides
in phthisis,
empyema,
expectoration; also
of
hard
tumours
of
"
pitch,
dederunt, et
quidam
Averrhoes
also
xxiv, 24.)
ii,42.)
(Collig.
The
empyema.
wounds.
cyathimensura
(H.
and
See, however,
contra
Phthisicis
more
tussim."
veterem
recommends
it
fullyon
etiam
in
such
the virtues
the
uterus, fissures of
hands
and
feet, "c.
SIMPLES.
SECT.
Til.]
The
liquid pitch of
the
was
ancients
the
boiled
same
301
until
evidently tar
was
hard.
it became
dry
latter is often
The
Dioscorides
See
TraAt/uTTiffffo.
(xxiii,
1.)
called
the
and
Comm.
'
"
'
Pliny
n"o-(TfAotoi',
from
Oil, is formed
liquid pitch
picatum. Pitched
it.
substance
than
attenuate
consistingof a more
Commentary.
Comm.
According to Sprengel, the tt. of Dioscorides
is the same
the
as
as
Tar-water, so celebrated
grand panacea
called
Siris.^
Dr.
his
work
It is
in
by
ingenious
Berkley
Oleum
'
'
called
Pix
Mineralis,
ancients, according
Earth
or
74.)
place, (iii,
in another
author
opo7ri(T(7rjby our
Pissasphaltum of the
Hill, was
the
moderns.
of the
Pitch
Dr.
to
The
YliaraKia,
Pistachia, Pistachio
stomachic,
and
removes
First
Book.
is
hardly
worth
under
while
this
information
(i,167.)
We
as
used
much
of the
it in
by reptiles.
Pistachio
author.
our
nuts
vera.
See
in
comm.
It
''~^
'
Dioscorides
in this
as
Rhases
See
small-pox.
parts
bitten
more
of
rities
give the opinions of the other authoof them
none
supply any additional
just mention
was
aromatic
been
moderately
liver,and
the
given by
may
pistachionuts
of
head,
the
are
to
that
to
treated
have
They
and
is
eaten
of
have
who
those
We
the
light
of the
It also relieves
Commentary.
obstructions
decoction
especiallya
wine.
Tree
place,that the
an
applicationto the
(Contin. xxxii, 2.)
oil of
trices
cica-
chest.
Commentary.
or
Wild
pine
for
Pine,
tribe.
to
stomach,
but
the
restricts
Greeks
Pliny,like
coughs.
translates
pinei"
Pliny
apply
author,
our
Here, however,
as
is
Dioscorides
Galen.
in his list
The
Aral)ians
fruit of
recommends
usual
(i,87.) Our
(De Simpl. viii.)
of things which
are
24.)
(ii,
it to the
with
author
Pinaster
it as
him,
is
Comm.
^"^^
remedy
he
placesthe
particularlygood
of
the
merely
debted
principallyin-
Celsus
treat
all
these
nuclei
"
for the
under
the
"
'
SIMPLES.
302
general head
CoMM.
'
'
"
of
piniis. See
in
[book
vii.
Avicenna
particular^
(ii,2, 301)
the
enlarges on
Averrhoes
latter
(Collig.v, 42.) The
virtues of them
beyond his wont, ascribingto them
powerful
of the
effects in disinfectinga pestilential
state
ting
air,in resisand
putrefaction,preventing impregnation,
procuring
and
He
abortion.
vermifuge.
VliTVOKa/LiTrai.
Erucse
of the
with
powers
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
'
same
Fifth
the
C anker
the
pinorum,
We
Book.
cantharis
have
As
thev
practiceof medicine,
allowed
been
a
place in
of Pines,
-ivorms
and
treated
it is difficult to
Pini
tringcncy,by
and
In
burns.
"
also
are
'
Pine
of
agglutinativeof
It is the
would
in
its
prevailing power
applicationfor
the
is
belly.
Plnus
condensed
leaves
and
Pine.
Our
He
superficialulcers
of
manna
frankincense
Avith
pulverized
the
belly and
from
it
notice
Of
we
(SaStoi'),
The
and
diseases
of the
and
the
See
Avicenna
the
The
Celsus.
liver,
virtues
of
tions,
excoria-
litharge and
leaves
he
draught
the
pine
in diseases
of the
latter
in the
Arabians
parts
of
and
of the
liver.
torch
prepared
places. Galenas
as
its
treat
it,at
author's.
our
works
recommends
The
different
effect
occurs
ternally
ex-
of inflammation
cases
same
binds
recommends
in their proper
the
(iv,8.)
the
in
pines, and
treated
is to
of
mention
Frequent
have
and
hydromel
fruit of
article
this
of
diuretic.
the
says
bark
soothing applicationin
i, 86.)
M.
with
the
more
it stops
secundines,
burns,
in
and
proves
as
copperas
foetus
of the
and
that
as-
intertrigo
The
the
to
have
wounds.
have
to
appear
the
should
abridged
author
in
pinorum
used
never
why they
see
useful
Er7icce
or
it restrains
potion
the
Med.
]Mat.
it proves
Com:mentaky.
CoMM.
'"
of it
the
buprestis.
of
seldom
were
possessed
are
of
crates
Hippo-
flowers
of the
in
pine,
great length.
(ii,
2, 280, 301, 555, 093); Serapion (De Simpl.
SIMPLES.
JIT.]
SECT.
Rliases
Ebn
Baitliar
and
borrow
and
kidneys
freelyfrom
different
the
of the
in diseases
Averrlioes
i, 311);
They
(ii,137.)
recommend
further
much
ult.
(Contin. 1.
G3) ;
303
parts of the
pine
'
'
Greeks,
tlie
"
very
calculus
especially
bladder,
haematuria.
and
Ylnvovaa,
Pityusa ;
it has
some
say
juice and
Mriters
the
in
spurges
as
Tree,
the Plane
burnt
bark
Commentary.
He
recommends
also when
is
boiled
in wine
Platanus
for the
with
as
gargle
in
toothache,
to
purposes,
and
which
the
as
windpipe, eye,
Aetius,
on
its
or
ear,
our
additional
who,
under
and
Ebn
the
this
Galen.
Baithar
Our
to
it may
See
can
do
little
Aviccnna
{ii,122.)
be
merely
leaves
boiled
in
is
vinegar
evidently
cinal
medi-
same
guard against
them.
drawn
more
the
prejudicialto
(De Simpl.
closelyfrom
author, copiesvery
application
an
prove
into
Comm.
ping
stop-
the
author
seed
for burns
stypticfor
as
as
by Pliny.
and
it for the
if admitted
head,
The
Pilulce
its rind
readers
information
detergent, so
and
commends
leaves, as
\dnegar
along with
recommends
eyes,
are
in
Pliny, however,
and
who
and
serpents
further
his
wai^ns
like
of
and
in incipient
use
fire
by
vinegar, as
of
of
boiled
called
(i,107.)
Galen,
grows
much
bites
inflammations
indebted
(c. 1 12) ;
virtues
orientalis,L.
xxiv, 29.)
N.
been
are
acrid
in defluxions
swellingsand
Dioscorides
Comm.
other
the
spherical balls
desiccative
more
Dioscorides, who
to
Not
all
are
burns
cure
It is the
pounded
from
viii.)
one
also
and
has
ulcers.
them
copies
the
bark
hnmid
bleeding. (H.
down
the
being
humectating
leaves
green
sphericalballs,which
into
much
possessed of
the
They
leprosiesand
forms
is
when
that
toothache.
The
cure
its
by
same
But
desiccative,so
to
of
possessing the
the
Hence
inflammations.
fat.
doubt
no
briefly noticed
is
Med.
refrigerant power.
it relieves
because
spurge,
general.
Platanus,
more
be
can
It
Mat.
species of
like them.
There
Pityusa.
on
this is
purges
Commentary.
Euphorbia
that
from
than
(ii,2, 209)
Galen.
the
copy
;
bians,
Arafrom
Serapion
SIMPLES.
304
the
skin
fox
when
those
Lungs;
Pulmo,
Avhich
the
marinus
Pulmo
scientific
cure
the
to
cure
lungs
The
gout and
cures
of
Pulmo
chilblains.
species of
author
Greek
and
Valerian
which
Medusa
all
medicinal
desiccative.
and
for
wine
the
defining its
Polemonium,
in
But
asthmatics.
medicinal
Our
in
is attenuate
believed
are
shoes.
by
pounded,
the
is
name.
Dioscorides
and
of
account
same
to
swine
vit.
Commentary.
CoMM.
and
chafed
said
are
fresh
when
marinus,
been
has
dried
of lambs
[book
the
others
this
follow
properties,(ii,39.
(calledby
Hence
Philetserium),
some
give
some
ischiatic
bears
the
of
root
scirrhus
of
it
the
spleen.
'
'
'
It
rian.
in
occurs
Basil),but
ed.
Polemoniwn
It is the
Commentary.
CoMM.
the
is not
recommends
Hippocratic
found
be
it to
caruleum, Greek
in the
works
for the
given
treatises
(iv,8.)
have
We
with
up
used
was
the
as
amulet
an
author
Our
copies from
able to trace
been
not
exception of Ebn
entirelyof
it
for
disappeared
Galen,
from
of
and
scorpion,
also Aetius.
of the
account
mentions
the
does
works
Dioscorides
spleen,and
further
as
whose
reptiles,
of the
sting
it in the
Baithar,
from
extracts
the
Dioscorides
venomous
for
that
(Hippiatr. 108,
of Celsus.
bites of
Vale-
Arabians,
of it is made
Galen,
(i,186.)
Though
our
YloXiov,
Polium, Foley ;
belongs
therefore
diuretic
wounds,
to
the
Commentary.
smaller, which
order
of
obstructions
dried
when
it
we
calefacients
of
While
emmenagogue.
and
sprinkled upon
CoMM.
third
removes
and
the
cures
all
use
and
the
green
for
antidotes,
desiccants.
viscera,and
it
It
proves
agglutinateslarge
ill-conditioned
ulcers
if
them.
The
speciesindicated
by
our
author
is evi-
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
dently the
first
Poliiim.
The
305
other
Teucrium
tlie Teucriwn
Comm.
'
Creticum.
Both
'
these
"
of
says
is beneficial
the bites of
to
jaundice,and
diseases
it loosens
bellyand
and
the
is bad
below
for
the
in
reptiles,
spleen along with
the
is emmenagogue,
stomach
that
are
the
same
the
ingredients
23.)
The
Celsus
in the
Ai'abians
reptiles;and
in
headache
and
fumigations
a
placed
cataplasm
Oribasius,give them
barely notices
celebrated
of the
of
cases
but induces
in
internally
dropsy,
vinegar; that
venomous
of
characters.
taken
theriac
it
of
once
nearly
as
of
one
Mithridates.
(v,
Serapion,by the
but
aphrodisiacal,
the
on
treat
two
the
poley
quotes Dioscorides
way,
there
to this
as
is nothing in the
chapter of
Dioscorides
effect.
rioAuyoAoi',
Polygalon, the Milkwort,
When
austere.
being
of
hot
taken
and
humid
Commentary.
certain.
language
the
works
of
the
copies Dioscorides
draught
it is the
which
it
are
moderately
engender milk,
to
seems
Polyyala
amara
quite Comm.
seems
'
and
Galen
author.
oiir
leaves
temperament.
That
Dioscorides
as
in
has
We
have
Arabians
and
of it in
treat
been
not
except Ebn
Galen,
nearly the
able
to
Baithar, who
same
find it in
merely
(i,186.)
rioXvyovarov,
Polygonaton, Solomon's
and
acrimony, l)ittcrncss,
and
root
therefore
of it upon
III.
Seal, is
a
certain
it is not
woundsj and
much
mixture
of
indescribable
used.
clear away
nauseous
Some
spots on
astringency,
ciple,
prin-
sprinklethe
it.
SIMPLES.
306
Commentary.
CoMM.
It
has
been
[book
usually taken
for
the
vii.
Conval-
'
'
'
laria
a
which
Polygonatum,
in
medicine
M.
(M.
and
403)
author
modern
copies
noticed
the
the
Mat.
works
word
almost
far
it, as
obtained
on
for
Dioscorides.
we
as
be
to
found
in
Med.
from
None
it
of the
as
Rutty
Our
either
in his
Arabians
Ebn
of
have
Baithar,
Dioscorides
by
works
the
See
Galen, who,
discover,except
can
character
same
Pharraacop. 23.)
word
the
Gray (Suppl. to
from
turn, borrows
has
and
who
Galen.
Hippocrates
or
Celsus.
TVoXvyovov,
has
Polygonon, Knot-grass,
watery principle of
the
When
externally,it
applied cold
it
nature
cative.
male
The
order
hot
is what
therefore
relieves
thereby
is stronger
than
Of
speciesdescribed
the
two
the
in
it.
ardor
be
to
of
of such
Being
appears
cold
prevails
inflammations.
and
repels defluxions,
Commentary.
CoMM.
second
and
stomach, erysipelas,
the
astringency,but
some
desic-
female.
by Dioscorides,
'
'
the
is
mas
feminine
undoubtedly
probabh^
be
the
on
Dioscorides
Two
had
so
borrows
possessed of
him,
with
strangury
of
not
in
of
need
to
and
by
of the
older
at
loss to
former
latter
comprehend.
the
species,but
male
as
and
author
our
other.
refrigerantpower,
and
hsemoptysis,fluxes
It is
its
of the
juice
belly,
forth,
Celsus
exactly with
ranks
among
those
"herba
things
?)
gently repressing (astringent
of the polygonum
who
treat
Avicenna
particular,
2, 725)
(ii,
of
Dioscorides
sanguinalis,quam
which
are
at the
emollient,
Arabians
and
follow
Ebn
mare^s-tail,
as
the
upon
and
195.)
could
corides
(iv,4, 5.) Galen taxes Diosthe particularcases
of
stating preciselywhat
which
it is applicable. Otherwise
his characters
so
vocant,"
TroXn'-yoi/ov
in
the
interesting expositionof
dwell
of
and
commentators
ancients
the
most
not
cases
the
knot-grass and
the
our
time
See
are
gives
avicidare,
How
are
the
astringentand
an
chorea, strangury,
Greeci
several
classed
we
is suited
(decoction)
The
maritimum.
as
been
powers
from
Polygonum
supposed, we
Dioscorides
medicinal
and
P.
dissimilar
have
never
female.
the
the
Hippuris vulgaris,as
plants
could
the
same
(ii,33.)
Dioscorides.
Baithar
the
head
virtues
(ii,
of
as
SIMPLES.
308
CoMM.
'
'
'
[book
vii.
no
rejected,(ii,
244.) There seems
ing its efficacyas a gentle laxative.
13.)
macop.
VloiLKpoXv^,
is
Pompholyx,
useful
also
"
'
sublimed
ores
in the
the
describes
Pharmacopoeia
Collected
used
for
in ointments
the
Subst.
had
been
familiar
the
former
says
ago)
it
unknown
was
in
it,see
on
(v,85.)
The
Arabians
anus,
treat
Galen
and
for
of it under
Serapion (c.422)
V,
; Ebn
(that is
shops.
those
ocular
the
and
Greeks
had
Purpura,
shells.
in
with
The
when
head
; Avicenna
part
which
oil,strengthens
vinegar,they
hairs
cure
are
serves
that
150
ancient
years
authorities
Dioscorides
certain
it in carcinomatous
and
the
to
parts of
of Tutia.
(ii,2, 695)
it
are
swellingof
cover
See
in
; Averrhoes
tion
genera-
the
to
does
thing
any-
what
name
and
lar
particu-
Dioscorides
given by
one
spodium
same
them
fallingout.
the spleen.
The
(Collig.
of them
one
possessed of
as
if he
regarding pompholyx
burnt
are
singularthat
say, about
the
as
Baithar
delivered
album.
brass
or
latter writes
to
about
(i,217.) Hardly
than
of
more
copy the description
Galen, only comprehending under
43)
ores
it appears
For
recommends
ulcers, for
all ill-conditioned
and
Nihil
escharotic.
extent
The
article;but
in the
authority on
"c.
zinc
and
pompholix
Pompholix
wherein
distinctlydescribed
this
of
still later
^'
zinc,
formerly kept
were
names
It is also
with
flowers
white
pure
hy
Dr.
furnaces, wherein
metals,
it thus:
smelting furnaces
in the
melted;
other
album."
nihil
other
stated
Medica.
Materia
Moderately
or
with
is well
was
the
distinguishedby
and
shops
brass
melted
are
"
It is
ulcers.
remedies.
on
zinc, says,
it in the
from
its
writer
recent
of
ill-conditioned
it is
that
so
pungency,
this substance
What
Lewis, treating
or
other
ingredient in ophthalmic
an
comparatively
without
and
for carcinomatous
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
desiccative
rately.
sepa-
powers
when
as
boiled
drunk
When
As
the
furaiga-
SIMPLES.
m.J
SECT.
in
tioii;tlieyrouse
of
cases
.'-iOf)
uterine
suffocation^and
expel
the
secundines.
The
Com:\ientary.
from
dye.
It
Helix
ianthina, Murex
of
is
got
them,
shell-fishes
various
(iii,
4), and
detect
and
Our
author
'
works
of the
For
from
have
count
ac-
14),
v,
Dioscorides
able
been
not
Arabian
an
Animal,
(Hist.
We
'
'
more
borrows
Galen
the
purple Comm.
especiallythe
trunculus.
particularlyAristot.
see
supply
fishes,but
brandaris
and
which
to
authorities.
WoTafioyuTioVf
is
Potamogiton, Pondweed,
being possessed of
of
says
in
In
is described
the
and
recommended
Dioscorides.
See
Poterrhium,
into
slices
the
decoction
be
so
it in
Arabians
the
Avicenna
cases
"We
have
relieves
to
author.
not
been
^larmbium,
but
and
more
confesses
think
He
Galen
able
that
to
describes
detect
those
our
from
removes
of
the
Astragalus
it has
stalks
holds
this
it in
in
the
and
nerves.
of
it.
in the
Creticus.
like those
plant to
exactly the
of
second
about
lungs.
be
of
a
same
of Neuras.
name
works
obstructions
chest
and
ignorance
it l)y the
it
of the
when
Astragalus Poter'mm,
be
calefacient
It
his
it is the
recommends
Iforehound, is
desiccative.
spleen,and
like
it borrow
affections
Dr.
our
of
red
Galen
general terms,
treat
as
Matthiolus
speciesof tragacanth.
as
species
the
(ii,2, 352.)
drunk
of it when
is inclined
But
another
decidedly determined.
of
treat
works,
dysentery,colic,and
Lindley holds it to
(Veg. King. 548.) Dioscorides
says
tragacanth, and accordingly Linnaeus
Pall.
Comm.
Dioscorides
(calledby some
Phroenium) ; its roots
and
wounds
agglutinatedivided tendons
Commentary.
Sprengel
of his
in
It cannot
of
Such
cut
editions
authorities
other
author.
natans, L.
Potamogiton
of the
some
fluor of females.
and
it.
to
powers
of
(iv,99.)
astringent,like Polygonum,
it is
it, that
cases
similar
It is the
Commentary.
cooling and
It
the
bians.
Ara-
degree ;
the
liver
also pro-
Comm.
*
'
"
SIMPLES,
310
menstruation.
motes
cutient, and
In
otherwise
Commentary.
CoMM,
cataplasm it
detergent and
it is
The
[book
MatTubium
is
vii.
detergent and
dis-
incisive,
Dioscorides
vulgare.
has
'
'
*
elaborate
an
section
virtues
the
on
article^which
of this
in phthisical^
asthmatic,
particularly
complaints,as
being
menstrual
the
He
and
and
that
bladder,
Horehound,
"
lochial
adds, however,
kidneys
it
the
has
and
chest
its
that
of the
Arabians,
in
see
deobstruent,
in
and
emmenagogue,
woidd
and
it holds
with
the
for
seed
have
deobstruent,
tions
men-
stated
by
nearly
in
Celsus, who
scribes
pre-
27),
paralysis(iii,
to
deserve
the
the
For
purposes.
(ii,
2,
it
the
as
eyes.
recommends
and
and
lungs, asthma,
of
consists
of
it
like
such
plaints.
com-
which
characters
bowels,
it proves
it is mixed
is diuretic
juice and is
disagreeabledreams,
and
expectorant
with
the
when
boiled
in
remedies.
therefore
the
acrid
agrees
tergent,
It is also de-
attenuant.
nephritic
astringency,and
some
unwholesome
Dioscorides
well
seem
the
Macer
to
give it from Hippocrates down
Serapion. See Rutty (Mat. Med.
309.) Even
place in the Dispensatory.
Porrum, Leek,
but
also
applicationto
an
authorities
Floridus
yet
it
AveiThoes
553) ;
of
phthisis (iii,
22),
and
for
other
(iv,4),
throat
of
about
its virtues
state
Marrubium"
"
juiceof it in
the
in ulcers
Oribasius
It is the
terms.
same
and
the
by general admission,
taste, being a deob-
corresponding to
spleen, clearingaway matters
He
lungs, and promoting menstruation.^^
in a cataplasm and
in other cases,
use
as
Aetius
of
thus
liver and
Dioscorides.
the
writes
in taste, so,
virtue
affections
in
Galen
(iii,109.)
catarrhal
promoting
alexipharmic,"c.
an
it is unsuitable
commends
re-
for
expectorant,
discharges,as
it is bitter
as
of the
struent
excellent
an
and
he
ptisan.
But
juice
of
The
the
leaves
it
proves
styptic.
'
*
Without
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
Diphilus,
as
nutritious, and
quoted by
flatulent."
it in the
cases
doubt
Athenseus
it is the
Allium
"
says,
by
our
it
Porrum,
is
L.
attenuant,
Dioscorides
author,
and
commends
re-
also
in several
in
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
his
work
aphrodisiac, and
the
eyes,
Averrhoes
but
and
Rhases
Holm
The
It
authorities
Kermes,
certain
class of
Pliny, as
is the
stated
in
Comm.
import-
more
'
'
diuretic,
that
it hurts
the
particular Avicenna
i, 562)
Serapion (c.361)
(ii,339.)
Baithar
powers
resembling
Quercus
Ilex,
of it
speak
Scarlet
or
it
all
those
of
the
stronger.
Commentary.
the
it at
emmenagogue,
See
; Ebn
of
treat
attach
of
say
1. ult.
Oak, has
it is much
being
as
teeth.
(Cont.
not
Arabians
They
the
(Collig.v, 42)
Ilex, the
All
it
forth.
so
gums,
(ii,3, 540)
oak,
The
Simples.
on
does
Galen
(ii,178.)
it,recommending
to
ance
others,
311
Grain
insects.
under
is
powerful astringent.
produced
It is described
that
Comm.
'"
being
as
Oak,
Evergreen
or
the
upon
ilex
by
by Theophrastus
"
"
and
head.
rTpoTToXtc,
Propolis, Virgin-wax, or
Bee-glue, is
second
degree and moderately detergent.
of attenuant
and
deobstruent
Commentary.
quidam
nearly
the
the
glutinous
the
up
other
the
holes
ancient
substance
in
resinous
of
account
same
their
writers
the
possessed
hive.
Bee-glue
which
They
It
Dioscorides
with
plants.
It is also
calls
Largus
vocant."
ceram
in
powers.
Scribonius
sacram
calefacient
as
and
working
gather
it from
frequently in
occurs
give
author.
our
the
Galen
Comm.
"
'
'
It is
bees
block
poplars and
the
works
of
Pharmacy.
on
rirapyiu/o),
Ptarmica,
the
whole
Sneezeivort
part, when
of
ecchymosis, for
to
the
second
with
the
rocky
Greek
the
same
and
the
the
indicated
as
authorities,from
as
Dioscorides
our
author.
The
that
by
kinds
belong
green
it agrees
well
(as is remarked
and
Dioscorides.
have
by
mountainous
not
downwards,
We
other
third.
description of
is meadows,
locality
situations
characters
to
Ptarmica, except
favorite
and
hypopion
dried
but
sternutatory;
are
desiccative.
Dioscorides^s
Achillea
Sprengel) its
and
it is hot
leaves
removes
green,
order, and
Commentary.
the
All
give
not
it
been
the
exactly
able to
Comm.
^~^~"
SIMPLES.
312
discover
CoMM.
of
traces
any
it in
[book
the
tlie Arabians.
of
works
vii.
Its
"
leaves
'
to
still
are
be
in the
kept
shops
apothecaries,and
of
Pharm.
held
are
80.)
YlTeXaia,
Ulmus,
so
powers,
more,
if,when
about
the
the
possessed of
agglutinatewounds
to
as
in
of it
which
also
It
cures
possessed of
are
will not
but
the
and
detergent
bark
of
fresh
wounds.
roots
desiccative
is
Elm,
the
unite
the
bandage
leprosy with
vinegar, and
same
so
powers,
bathed
be
to
are
it still
with
that
tures
frac-
decoction
the
of it.
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
'
'
author^s
from
Most
of its medicinal
statement
it to be
others, recommends
of
of it
it
in the
occurs
fully,but
in the
(ii,
2, 71, 9G, 212)
it in all
Filix,Fern,
the
it destrovs
taken
the
to
it is
Ulmus
Our
campestris.
is
virtues
closely copied
Dioscorides
represent
the
probably
of
works
main
follow
Rhases
Arabians
The
Dioscorides.
(Cont.
1. ult.
is desiccative
in its powers,
i, 250.)
kills the
foetus,and
of four
broad
drachms
and
moderately astringent,it
They
bitter.
Hence
when
worm
honeyed
di'ies up
commend
re-
abstergents.
intestinal
in
treat
Avicenna
See
requiring astringentsand
cases
amount
Celsus.
cause
Be-
water.
ulcers
without
pungency.
'
"
"
nominant.^^
the
Filix
Aspidium
which
Mas,
See
vermifuge medicine.
201.)
Rutty (Mat. Med.
as
to
an
anthelminthic
former
white
purpose
he
wonder
of
directs
that
bitter
it should
taste
with
be
some
as
diseases
be
diet
of
to
refer
this
it
which
one
the
given
it to
a
and
merely
is calculated
For
spleen.
with
as
work,
recommends
of
filicem
celebrated
long
IV, 67,
and
it to
with
Galen
been
Dioscorides
in
hellebore, along
Book
pterin,Latini
hesitate
not
has
medicine,
convalescence
promote
Grsefci
Apuleius says,
need
(De Herbis.) We
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
the
or
scammony
consisting principallyof
acutely remarks,
that
there
anthelminthic, seeing it
astringency.
None
is
of
is
no
possessed
the
other
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
Greek
authorities
Arabian
or
supply
the
to
appear
marked
is
Pycnocomon,
The
culus.
addition
fruit,in
Mas.
phyma and
properties,also
these
Its root
sharp-pointedweapons.
yellow bile.
has
given
purges
Although Dioscorides
descriptionof it, there are few
Commentary.
minute
Mat.
Med.
the
Index
about
which
Latinus
The
iv,173.)
Marrublastrum
Leonurus
been
we
unable
this
from
Dioscorides
have
not
noticed
borrows
(1.c.)
Galen
it,as
far
as
of
those
are
Commentary.
is not
embrocations.
to
seems
of
it,that
serviceable
natural
it in
in
heat
a
pratensis
Arabians
list of
treat
had
as
acquaintance with
no
the
with
characters
The
same.
caustic
cold
is rubbed
torpor
be
the
quite satisfied.
Dioscorides,
rubbed
and
of it
Arabians
and
in with
and
before
in with
the
oil,and
lieves
re-
paralysis.
Antheniis
It
and
powers,
Fyretlirum, comm.
much
was
Galen,
used
Macer,
oil,it is
in
and
it
says
sudorific,being
chronic
and
(vi,9),
when
'
See
Plants,'
'
ancient
Cephalaria Fycnocomon
has
root
with
pretty Comm.
discover.
can
affected
affected
It
although Sprengel
stimulant
we
extracts
that it is neither
Succisa
have
does
furun-
in the
of
his medicinal
periodicalrigorsit
who
acrid
uncertainty.
Theatre
the
w^e
the
Pyrethrum, FtUitory ;
allaysthe pain of teeth
occurrence
the
be
as
author
Our
plant.
'
latter decides
it may
determine,
to
articles
much
so
nor
"Whether
supposed.
are
is
Parkinson's
to
Sprengel (inDioscor.
the
there
'
the
Greek
to
have
lost their
rigors,for parts which
are
37.) Celsus also mentions
paralysed, (iii,
ache
stimulants, to be applied externallyfor tooth-
and
of
ranks
it among
it at
considerable
'
'
Celsus
of
it,therefore,discuss
of
Comm.
(ii,2, 620)
TlvKVUKOJLlOV,
possessed of discutient,attractive,and
leaves
The
powers.
informa-
(ii,12)
Polypodium than
PharmacopcEia it is
rather
Filix
Aspidium
the
being
as
filicula"
"
modern
the
In
Mas.
Filix
to
us
The
been
have
additional
any
particular Avicenna
tion
would
313
his
caustics,
length,
but
(v, 8.)
borrow
The
much
"
"
"
"
SIMPLES.
314
Dioscorides.
from
CoMM.
'
'
'
Rhases
See
(Cont. 1. ult.
all in
particularAvicenna
in
Averrlioes
i, 553) ;
particularrecommend
toothache.
called
We
need
it
in
sialogogue
its
vii.
(ii^2, 547)
(Collig.
v, 42.)
that
still holds
and
sialogogue
as
scarcely remark
Anacj/clos Pyrethrum)
as
[BOOK
the
Tliey
of
cases
pellitory(now
satory
Dispenno
see
good
place in the
We
masticatory.
the
questioning its identity with
ancients, more
especiallyas it still retains a
therefore, for
reason,
of the
pyrethrum
place in
the
modern
Greek
Pharmacopceia.
Ylvpog,
mediate
Triticum, TVJieat,is heating in the first degree, but is interbetween
glutinous
'
'
and
We
have
the
First
and
treated
largely of
Book, and
It is also
wheat
it is the
it among
have
also
at
the
treated
We
separately.
this article
upon
substances.
doubt
Without
pollen of
further
humid
what
some-
emplastic.
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
and
dry
Triticum
dietetical
of
the
need
cBstivum.
articles in
farina,leaven,
present.
WiTva,
Rennet
Coagulum,
all
of
hares
is
vinegar, and
of
solvent
manner.
chest.
curing the
female
say
'
have
the
pertieso^
he
has
Arabians
treat
See
in
horse
propertiesof
Rennet
copied
the
author^s
is taken
from
from
the
the
and
That
Dioscorides
almost
the
menstrual
rennets,
they
discharge,and
say,
are
the
and
word
blood
in hke
the
from
able
serviceseal
of the
is
medicinal
for
proIndeed
Galen.
word.
The
ment.
judgfullyand with much
Avicenna
ult.
i,221) ;
(Cont. 1.
very
with
pro^dng
proving
as
of
account
latter
rennets
to
But
powers.
of blood
spittingof
is described
particularBhases
rennet
acrid,
of
castor.
Our
of
bowels,
dysenteric affection's.
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
to
in
desiccant
discharge, and
that it restrains
of
rennet
in cseliac and
said
milk
possessed
are
as
coagulated
The
decidedly
represented
as
Some
of it
sorts
applied on
for
the
Baithar
other
pessary
for
(ii,604.)
things
promoting
hystericalconvulsion.
alexipharmic, and
commending
re-
especiallythose
All
of
SIMPLES.
310
Commentary.
CoMM.
[book
Dioscorides, like
vii.
author^ describes
our
two
'
*
of
which
the
He
it.
former
is
of
it, that
says
its seed
emetic, dim'etic,
is
to
of the
cleanser
poisonous substances
used
by
taken
ancients
the
before
as
meal
and
described
by
It
much
was
it
emetic, and
an
as
animals.
venomous
Celsus.
was
also
See
(i,3.)
it is frequently
Pliny (1.c.) Hence
prescribedby Nicander, as a remedy in the case of poisoning,
It is also
in that by henbane, and in that by mushrooms.
as
in these and
recommended
similar cases
Largus
by Scribonius
(1.c.) and
Dioscorides
Avicenna
Averrhoes
in
derived
be
to
(ii,2, 574)
(CoUig.
statingof
42)
v,
it,that
easy ; and
food
cases
of
that
Quincy they
as
he
"
says,
of
Baithar
246.)
(ii,
other
food
it loosens
of the
the
old
our
Serapion
See
Rhases
bowels.
AU
in
prescribeit
herbalists,and
still held
place in
little used
in medicine."
our
commend
re-
even
as
jaundice.
agree
ing
vomit-
also
liver and
They
it renders
the
poisoning. They
Greeks.
the
before
in obstructions
deobstruent
in the
Ebn
taken
after
it in
from
The
ters
charac-
in the
time
of
Dispensatory,although,
(i,5, 409.)
Pjjoj',
Rheum
cold, and
(calledby
subtile
some
Kha), is composed
substance, and
of
of
vaporous,
terrene,
hot, and
Hence
it relieves sprains and
slightlyacrid one.
ruptures,
and
orthopnoea,and also liridities,
by its discutient powers;
and by its astringency,spittingof blood, cseliac and dysenteric
affections.
hepaticcomplaints.
By both it cm'cs
SIMPLES.
Til.]
SECT.
Commentary.
and
Our
whoever
-nill
Dioscorides^s
in
got
to
place
power
the
fail to
with
astringency,
recommends
shall
it to
be
the
of
degree
draught for
the
of the
haemoptysis,asthma,
all
Galen's
chronic
author's.
our
from
works
of
(he
it
is
Hippocrates
it
Rhacoma)
exposition of
our
of
or
the
flatulence
of
the
of the
and
spleen,
bladder,
uteras, sciatica,
cseliac
affections,
also
his
(iii,
2.)
same
as
descriptionof
author,
our
for
for discussing
exactlythe
mention
of
the
it
clearly
as
RM
in
the
Celsus.
is
xxvii, 105.)
N.
(H,
Uke
no
he
fomentation,
the
and
^-inegar,and
evidentlytakes
There
calls
in
Aetius,
of
animals;
in with
have
chest
venomous
already stated, is
and
of
Dioscorides.
reserve
it,as
Galen.
either
of
rubbed
Oribasius
Dioscorides
abiidges
bites
inflammations
of
account
diseases
the
prevailing
heat
diseases
hiccough, dysentery,
iutermittents,and the
lividityand leprosy when
its
of
distension
hypochondria,
clusion
con-
we
ancients
it,that
'
'
attention
what
the
the
our
Appendix
says
in
taken
it Nvith
to
confine
; Comm.
'
of
come
certain
Galen
substance, namely^
therefore
Dioscorides
from
account
knowledge possessed by
rhubarb.
purgative
is
"We
it, reserving to
to
on
say
his
carefullycompare
RJiajmnticum.
this
manifestly copies
that
Rheum
author
?,\7
Pliny's description
from
manifestly imitated
As
already stated, we
views
of
the
Arabians
shall
to
the
but
the
Appendix.
Vr]TLX'ai,
Resinse, Resins, are
holds
turpentine
all calefacient
the
first
and
attenuating,and
also
and
that
of
and
still
more
neither
and
larch
that
fir hold
an
On
Thcophrastus (H.
sicca
et
up
his
hquida.
P.
of
the
Old
London
pine,
of
are
the
pitch-tree,
acrid,
more
Those
of
the
but
pine
place.
and
oi Resins
Pliny (H.
N.
see
in
Comm.
pai'ticular
xxiv, 22.)
Phny
of them
Summae
:
species duae ;
pinu et picea; liquidae terebintho,
"
larice,lentisco,cupresso.''
arida
resin
attractive.
formation
ix, 2)
account
The
wild
nor
the
Sicca
it.
the
intermediate
Commentary.
sums
of
desiccative
discutient
more
thus
is hke
and
The
Rcsina
sicca
Pharmacopoeia,
or
pini
the
is the
Fix
Fix
Abietina
~^'"'
SIMPLES.
318
of the
CoMM.
'
'
by
'
New.
the
by
is often
the
Venice
rosin.
known
and
the
to
represents
is the
work,
urine.
the
of
not
is well
that
to
be
much
resins
all these
mode
of
burning
He
(i,93.)
f'esina in
black
the
as
appear
The
or
gives
general, which
he
consumptions, in
coughs
with
or
honey, clearing away matters
being diuretic,digestive,laxative of
suited
same
Dioscorides.
by
lentisci
The
bowels
the
this
vii.
generallycalled
now
Resina
The
now.
on
The
Tmyentine.
in
is
liquidalaricis
of Mastich.
name
mentioned
fiddler's
act
of
name
known
Resina
The
[book
and
for
electuaries
from
the
chest
and
liniments,
plasters,
adds, with
he
bowels
and
as
adapted for
the
VI, 8),and for leprosy,
operation on trichiasis (see Book
for purulent ears
with
with
verdigris,copperas, and natron;
They are
honey and oil,and for itching of the pudendum.
mixed,
the
themselves
by
and
acopa,
relieve
rubbed
in or applied by themselves,
pleuriticpains either when
(i,91.) All the other authorities prescribethe resins freely,
Dioscorides.
but
none
as
give so full a description of them
who
been
to have
See, however, Celsus (plm'ies),
appears
ticularly
parfond
butter
and
honey
in various
to
seem
usual,
their
325) ;
"c.) ;
other
recommends
He
Our
cases.
from
copy
author's
from
Greeks,
the
Avicenna
See
own.
22),in
phthisis(iii,
in
principallytaken
be
of
account
Galen.
and
The
supply
2, 242)
(ii,
would
them
Arabians,
as
little additional
of
Averrhoes
Ebn
in the
occur
of them.
PoSa,
Rosse, Roses,
which
more
'
'
heating,astringent,and
astringent,and
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
is
arvensis,and
gives
in
medicine.
preparing
hence
are
bitter.
expositionof
says
flowers
they
for
the
R.
still
are
the
lutea,Derlech,
Rosa,
he
L.
particularuses
cooling and
are
use,
flowers
desiccative.
comprehended the
probably other species of
careful
watery substance,
The
It
He
the
of
naturallycomposed
are
directs
the
rides
Dioscoof
Roses
astringent.
nails
R.
or
In
white
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
clipped off
be
portions
to
mainder
compressed
form
they
the
We
need
authorities
have
Galen
Sim
(De
(Cont. 1.
oil,that
and
in
Like
roses
fetid
remove
radix,
and
is
heating
no
wood
this
The
but
the
later
See
point.
that
in
valerian
of
rose-
in
make
it
syncope
dient
ingre-
an
and
Hhases
preparing
its
loss of
both
second
ablution
an
and
degree,
it
an
the
was
is
tenuating
at-
Dioscor.
other
much
the
are
rose-
agreed
and
forehead
it
and
Paulus,
upon
Lindley
along
temple
content
are
characters.
Voiai,
Mala
the
as
Punica,
speciesof
Pomegranates;
them
refrigerantsand
in
less
refrigerant,
which
are
something
but
acid
are
are
than
of
others.
drier
nature
their
desiccative
the
But
the
cooling in
in
prevailing quality
by
astringent power,
an
desiccants.
degree
incisive
astringent and
is
the
than
The
austere
the
this
arc
The
juice,but
but
act
perty
pro-
Those
are
more
all
more
have
kernels
still
of
they
stomachic.
greater degree,
nature.
which
have
sweet
and
Comm.
'
or
recommends
authorities,like
general
Rosea,
iv, 45)
merely
application to
herbalists
'
Rhodiola
pretty
are
Dioscorides
The
and
commentators
Sprengel (in
as
cephalalgia.
with
Arabians
and
eyelids.
for
Rhases
and
hepatic;
and
the
authorities
(pluries)
;
The
stomach
other
piCa,
in
older
satisfied
means
the
discutient.
Commentary.
by
what
perspiration.
PoSta
Rosea
of
and
anus,
(ii,2, 568)
Greeks, they
the
diseases
Celsus
further
rose-water
in their
with
of
See
and
of the
Comm.
calliblephara. (i,130.)
subject.
inflammation
re-
intertrigo,and
on
exposition
it is stomachic
hsemoptysis.
Avicenna
in
gums,
powder
alibi); Avicenna
recommend
They
tone.
ears,
the
mortar, imtil
them
called
this
on
in
that
it relieves
in
the
to
pi. viii,et
of rose-water
say
time
shade
the
ointments
written
i,585)
ult.
of
sprinkled
devote
not
in
recommends
affections
the
ingredient in
an
He
also when
"c,,
pair of scissors^and
pounded
ball.
headache,
eyes,
womb,
as
into
and
with
319
also
more
so
the
SIMPLES.
320
membrane
outer
"
'
Woodville
says,
ai^iov."
They
cultivated
in
The
who
Dioscorides,
is
and
and
styptic;
the
kernel
and
sun
of the
and
in
juice of
the
suitable
to
for
and
and
in the
it
Galen
medicine.
hmits
prescribesthis
For
and
bark,
the
the
Arabians
(Collig. V,
42);
and
give
to
stomachic, cooling,
the
in
the
fluxes
hip-bath
the
with
is
honey,
and
pudendum
is
expressed
especiallythose
more
and
anus
of
the
another,
it to say, that
Aben
various
in which
cases
recommends
and
the
other
(ii,2, 109,313);
(Contin.
1. ult.
(i,499).
the
Mesne,
acid
in
i, 443)
One
of
pomegranate
cholera
of
It would
Suffice
these
Baithar
Paulus.
as
various
Avicenna
Rhases
treat
of the
styptic,and
for
root
Ebn
notice
authorities
Greek
words
same
medicine.
see
other
the
authorities,Ruffiis,recommends
disease, and
in
in rain-water
that
mixed
the
on
and
nose,
nearly the
in
pomegranate
Celsus
mouth,
and
that
also treats
separatelyof the
(i,141.) He
bark, recommending the latter as an anthebnin-
the
our
the
and
it, restrains
and
of the
unsavourj'^
dried
macerated
fluxes
boiled
ardor
suitable
un-
the
pomegranate,
when
haemoptysis,
other
when
in
acid
exceed
in
with
genders
en-
is
nature
when
is
it
hence
diuretic, being
boiled
that
and
kernels,
complaints
the
bowels
dysentery
pterygia on
flowers
and
food
larly
particu-
that
intermediate
all
this head
on
it relieves
pomegranate,
them
xxiii, 57.)
N.
and
stomach,
an
much
of
pomegranate
acid, that
has
vinous
acid
the
and
thic
the
ulcers
sweet
in the
it is beneficial
drunk,
suitable
the
astringent and
more
sprinkled on
stomach
authorities
of
wild.
was
them
haemoptysis. (H.
of the
and
that
of
of
Celsus
by
recommends
ancient
flatulence
in fevers
stomach,
the
of
says
and
heat
and
flowers
of the
authorities, speaks
He
treatises.
for the
for those
malicorium
L.
fruetus
cortex
Hippocratic
balaustia
astringents.
interesting
most
the
generally put
medical
aff'ections
cpeliac
called
granatum
uude
ct/Sj/
audit
and
called
the
excellent
being
as
flowers
Punica
the
in
is
Cytini
root
Pliny, like
used.
arbor
frequently occur
the
The
Malicorium.
evidently
pomegranate,
of
bark
The
is
"Hippocrati
called
vii.
powers.
It
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
similar
have
Cytini
rind
or
[book
and
he
calls
flowers,
purposes.
Serapion
Averrhoes
Serapion's
in cardiac
syncope.
SIMPLES.
III.]
SKCT.
which
attends
in the
loss of
and
Rhases
as
the
(Mat.
the
way,
whether
the
rind
of the
think
it
the
the bark
the
or
the
satisfied
In
the
and
root
being
Coriaria,Sumach
be
to
used
desiccative
and
of
also
brieflysays
of
The
writers
Arabian
famine
bread
same
cases
the
in
of
cases
other
is
the
vim
"
on
the
its
are
the
which
as
other
name
in.
both
"
an
from
recommends
sumach.
Dioscorides
dj'senterywhen
hip-bath,as an injection
and
the
with
of
authorities
medicine.
Rhases
Baithar
which
carious
once,
the
and
many
teeth
to
then
as
(vi,11.)
mouth,
and
and
for
mentioning that
of
it but
Mulieb.
and
ears,
concludes
sumach,
the
it in
Greek
of
Co^.iyi.
"
as
astringent medicine
an
Elm-leaved
or
astringent,being applicablein
He
is
(ii,2, 635) ;
(De Simpl. 225) ; Ebn
Avicenna
times
some-
latter.
used
lavement
general properties as
it under
in
described,
are
Coriaria,
the
also
was
fruit
the
Rhus
Galen, and
latter
to
passage
of
the
Pharmacopoeia
made
He
mouth, in
It is mentioned
of
was
used
Greek
relieve
an
Greeks,
"We
astringent. Pliny
habet
astringendi refrigerandique.^^
that
in times
of
husbandry mention
sometimes
its leaves
gum
IV, 58,
fruit and
the
practicalpurposes.
it bears
the
root.
the
rind
pvpaociipiKTi),
much
was
acacia.
as
givenby
it,
was
of it that
says
It
This
to
yellow
juiceof it come
cipally
prinby physicians,being considerablyastringent
the third order, but detergent of the second.
Commentary.
Sumach.
rind
restricted
Pong
Rhus
that
modern
the
the
toxication.
in-
question,by
examination
us
Book
been
'
diuretic,
purges
it,see
ai^iov of
of
relieves
has
or
bark
but
former,
ai^iov
term
malicoriuni
fruit
of the
It
1101).
"
held to be
sweet
of
use
'
in
wine
are
They
this
Comm.
especially
vomiting.
more
and
flesh of the
On
the
included.
the acid
stomach.
Med.
Avicenna
the
The
latter.
anthelminthic.
Pereira
stomachic,
pomegranate
and
sweet
strengthensthe
being
and
say that
Avicenna
the
especially
bile and
as
appetiteattending pregnancy,
Both
but
praiseit
All
it.
321
condiment
in
de
after
Liquid, usu.)
him, merely state
The
Arabians
treat
it still retains.
of
See
SIMPLES.
322
[book
tii.
PvTTog,
The
Sordes,
from
quantity of
palestra(which
the
of
head
desiccative
call
some
been
the
in
siderable
con-
gris,
verdi-
some
emollient.
the
But
phymata.
sordes
The
sweat.
and
paton), has
which
also
kept, having
unconcocted
discusses
therefore
vessels, in
or
been
oil has
discutient, moderately
is
the
statues
copper
sordes
in
under
described
is said
ears
It
to
cure
whitlows.
Sprengel gives
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
sordes
it to
Suffice
i, 36.)
Dioscor.
palestrse.(Ad
dissertation
long
'
'
sordes
but
gymnasiorum
he
to have
appears
author,
from
statues
of copper,
which
is treated
which
from
the
collected
were
overlooked
it must
rather
or
from
the
of it
account
be obvious
that it
of bronze.
The
by Dioscorides
descriptionwhich
have
we
be
given
wrestlers
and
a
any
passage
that
of
given by
of
soda, flour
with
up
beans,
or
balneorum,
stood
readilyunderin another
substance
other
any
our
from
place
the
cedar,
collected
was
sordes
(i,34), will
of
made
statues
in this
say
of the
from
the bodies
collected
place that it was
of oil, sweat,
in the
dust,
palestra,and consisted
the
skin.
Sprengel, from
powder used for cleansing
of Theophrastus
in the works
(H. P. v, 9), infers
the
on
went
then
skin,
used
in
of the comb
(strigil.)Dioscorides
cleansingthe skin by means
and discutient,and is used as a liniment
says it is heating,emollient,
These
articles are treated of
to fissures and condylomata.
On the sordes palestrse,
in
see
by most of the other authorities.
see
particularGalen. (T. ii,136, ed. Basil.) For the Arabians
(ii,
2, 648), and
Avicenna
^ayairrfvov,
hot
and
agree
CoMM.
cicatrices
the
that
either
tree
the
in the
it is
juice of
and
eyes
never
However,
it is not
Ferula
Persica
but
or
ferula, being
detergent,
disputed,as
was
even
it is
F.
of
sort
so
as
to
suffusions.
been
sagapenum
furnished,
somewhat
ancient
the
modern.
what
is also
It has
Commentary.
aware,
It
attenuate.
with
is the
Sagapen,
Sagapenum,
the
yet
same
well
far
as
we
substance
ascertained
are
as
by
generallysupposed to be
Szoivitsiana.
See
Lindley
SIMPLES.
324
authorities
otlier
CoMM.
o-iye
[book
additional
anv
information
of
vii.
much
'
'
under
interest
'
have
included
this head.
The
it in their
Materia
in
parts, and
the
"
their
the
Medica.
third
also
It
degree.
calefacient
is
consists
and
of
subtile
and our
author
Although Galen
distinguish
from
the Sampsuclms, there
to
seems
no
reason
identity. See Needham
(Ad Geopon. xi, 27) ;
Amaraciis
doubt
the
to
not
appear
is discutient.
Commentary.
CoMM.
Avould
(a species of marjoram),
Sampsuchum
desiccative
Arabians
of
Dioscor.
(iii,
41) ; and
Sprengel (ibid.)
Dioscorides
describes
it [Origamim majjorana)
minutely, and
is drank
^itli advantage in cases
of dropsy,
says its decoction
and tormina
its dried leaves, in a cataplasm vrith.
dysui'ia,
; that
that
in a pessary
it is emsuggillations
honey, remove
; and
Synonymes
lie
menagogue.
to
the
stings
of
and
(ii,2, 466)
They
also in
and
and
eyes,
as
external
an
general
calefacient
Galen
and
Serapiou (c.286)
recommend
it in the
the
cases
Greek
other
Arabians,
Rhases
same
inscredient in
the
For
terms.
application.
flammatio
swellings,in-
as
(Ibid.)
of it in
treat
Aviceuna
i, 439)
the
malagmata.
authorities
it
of
acopa
also recommends
(Cont.
the
as
see
1. ult.
Greeks
in embrocations
and
injections. They
also
"
is set
but
it be
whether
Celsus
although
stances,
what
than
certainly
(v,11.)
Quincy
other
any
says
the
maijoram
mentions
Compare
of
the
them
as
of
account
our
in the
marjoram
'
doubtful,
seems
distinct
this
sub-
article
with
Complete English
Dispensatory^ (60.)
Sai'caoa
Sandaracha,
Red
Arsenic,
is
V7J,
possessed of
caustic
powers
like
orpiment.
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
'
"
That
it
was
arsenic,called realgar,namely,
can
shall
admit
have
of
the
"the
orpiment" of Jameson,
Appendix to this section,we
question. In om*
something to say relative
no
sub-speciesof sulphuret of
red
to
the
sandaracha
of
the
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
Dioscorides
Arabians.
the
it has
says
and
(yellow orpiment),
arsenic
325
recommends
in
of
cases
chronic
of
means
linctus
and
of
Celsus
caustic
Oribasius
it in
places
and
application.
the
the
last, or
red
arsenic
the
of
and
610)
j Averrhoes
503)
; Ebn
taken
Galen.
from
under
and
ore
they
mortal
poison.
phagedsenic sores
a
an
inhalation
Sandyx,
in asthma
or
cative powers,
Commentary.
is to say,
not
The
ceruse.
process
Ai-abian
See
says
in the
when
nose
from
1. ult.
esting
inter-
gives an
and
the
yellow,
article
red, that
melted
with
he
and
now
when
certain
Avliite is said
red
i,
(Pract.ii,48,
is the
The
and
same
head
(Cont.
Abbas
of
(ii,2, 48.)
this
yellow
mouth
be
to
recommends
elsewhere,
in
and
as
orthopnoea.
of
parts, and
subtile
has
dcsic-
heating.
that
says
of it under
by
he
arsenic
course
the
and
What
arsenic,namely,
of
and
which
authorities,in
when
is
ceruse
burnt,
See
Galen,
yellow,
Rhases
and
Galen
treats
dry
the
under
yellow
calcined,it becomes
Dioscorides
of
of the
says
Siricon, consists
but
red
disagreeablesmell.
of the
with
white,
last of these
red
white,
The
in
and
Dioscorides.
Haly
The
The
He
become
lose their
43)
v,
tliree kinds
white.
consideration.
calcined
red
the
by
it,that
(v, 121.)
the
further
(i,527.)
descriptionof
red,
See
(Colhg.
Baithar
of
mouth
along
chapter.
same
the
and
voice,
treats
the
realgar, is
Dioscorides
and
nose
general account
his lists of cleansing and
corroding
often
it
as
a
prescribes
septic and
Avicenna
in
the
by saying
pillfor asthmatics,
give but a very brief
(v, 5, 6),
and
concludes
into
excellent
an
Aetius,
is inhaled
it clears
honey
pitch makes
substances
He
syphon.
with
it.
its steam
when
cough,
in the
'
with
empyema
externally in
and
exanthemata
other
Comm.
as
'
it
boils,ulcers
hard
alopecia,leprosy,phtliiriasis,
mouth,
general powers
same
calls it burnt
See
the
same
head
as
like manner,
;
Avicenna
treat
'
with
and
scribes
de-
into
of it
comm.
Sprengel.
ceruse,
latter is converted
the
Serapion (c.378)
and
also Alston
also
mixed
ceruse
that
sandyx.
along with
(ii,2, 117.)
From
"
'
SIMPLES.
326
M'hat
CoMM.
has
merely
'
'
Our
Carbo
especiallyspreading ulcers,
cases
as
now
See
Caries
recommends
(i,143.)
was
of the
ulcers,but
to
is the
it in
(ii,2, 617)
Avicenna
Rot
or
it in the
It
recommend
who
Arabians,
Greeks.
the
the
applied,namely,
more
mai'cor
of
Dioscorides, who
ligniis
the
especiallythat
and
account
cases
of
it
ulcers.
same
rum
as
that
seen
tii.
ceruse.
author's
from
is taken
of wood
readily
Wood,
fills humid
and
Commentary.
CoMM.
Carious
lignorum,
cleanses
elm,
it vrill be
peculiarpreparationof
Caries
"
said^then,
been
[book
Ligno-
the
same
Serapiou (c.
48.)
is
Sapo, Soap,
possessed of detergent
The
Commentary.
CoMM.
of
mention
soda, and
from
author,
of
says,
One
and
(Cont.
of
process
sandyx.
alluded
to
of
the
(H. N. xxviii,
composition,prepared
ashes,
recommends
it
He
cleansing clothes.
skin in elephantiasis.
(De Curat. Morb.
for
Ai'abian
in
also
was
as
and
Ebn
soap
the
cutaneous
diseases
and
gives
beard
by
means
ancient
by the classical
subjectis treated
use
authors.
of very
curious
very
of
in
of soap,
is
leprosy
of the
of the
account
mixture
head
(ii,2, 650) ;
Baithar
(ii,
119.)
commends
favus
very
Avicenna
also
this
authorities
further
the
quotes under
abscesses.
applicationto
an
he
i, 609, ii,628)
1. ult.
dyeing
This
invention
an
used
Baithar
Ebn
scalp,
Gallic
makes
calls it
of Baithar's
scabies
believe, who
likewise
an
Ehases
and
suet
applicationto the
Chron.
ii,13.) Serapion praisesit
The
authoritywhich
only Greek
Pavilus.
(De Simpl. 368.) See
as
powers.
we
calls it
He
Pliny.
he
made,
Aretseus
51.)
is
Soap
It is
Gauls.
first
of soap
and
is
Ars.
(0"S"id.
frequently
Amand.
ingeniouslyby
and
iii,
Beckmann
163.)
This
in his
taken
The
author, however, is misHistory of Inventions,^
is no
in the
mention
of soap
in supposing that there
the exception of that work
De
of Galen, with
Simplici'
'
works
bus,' universallyadmitted
makes
which
there
(Meth,
the
Med,
mention
has
never
quently
freGalen
spurious,whereas
about the authenticityof
in works
question. As for example,
any
be
to
of it
been
viii);(De Comp.
latter passage
he
makes
med.
distinct
sec.
loc. T,
mention
ii, 225.)
of Gallic
soap.
In
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
327
^aptcoKoXXn,
Sarcocolla,is the
desiccative
of
tear
without
Persian
therefore
and
pungency,
being emplasticand
tree^
it
agglutinates
Avounds.
to
is not,
Commentary.
There
doubt
ancient
Sarcocol
of
Pencea
that the
the
namely,
gum
its
only
the
external
defluxious
the
sometimes
and
honey
it corrodes
(Cont.
1. ult.
say
i, 617)
Lewis
of Dr.
with
Of
Arabians,
certain
(Ad
that
as
sarcocol
the
characters
opinion.
The
We
works
of
the
saxifrageheld
doubt
Arabians.
a
place
possessingthe virtues
See Quincy (147.)
of
many
from
the
Greeks
to this
no
dismeans
incline
we
this real
be
Galenas
found
to
with
article
the
by
the
deed
inposed
supis
of
work
in
the
ago
years
or
it
on
in
Dispensatory
ascribed
English
our
and
lithontriptic,
it is to
Not
the
as
learned
very
Dioscorides
if
in the
is
name
also
Rhases
contained
is not
say
restores
late
is,therefore, by
of
chapter
It
in
it
its
and
by
Saxifraga, but
that
They
as
it
it
entirelyomitted.
great
It
and
lithontriptic.
shown
derived
authenticity.
Simples.
on
been
has
says
been
and
Pimpi?iella
have
property.
doubtful
it has
Serapion,
(ii,2, 592)
to
fined
con-
Arabians
ear.
in
the
Burnet
character
ancients.
^arvpiov,
Satyrion, or
and
flatulent
Trifolium,
hence
it is
is of
a
humid
'
straining
re-
recommend
Even
'
tions
men-
humours
wounds,
assigned
iv,15.)
Apuleius
to
the
still retained
was
has
Dioscor.
it appears
of
recent
diuretic
Sprengel
it is the
diseases
Avicenna
the
There
respecting it,
crude
joints. They
heals
late years
Commentary.
sertation.
the
the
Thus
purge.
but
Comm.
modern,
Dioscorides
it purges
See
Saxifraga,Saxifrage, is
this
that
distorted.
are
Dispensatory
and
internallyas
putrid flesh,and
parts that
time
it
applicationin
an
as
the
as
applications
;
phlegm, especiallyfrom
gross
same
Sarcocolla,
external
A^dcenna
the
was
slightestreason
and
agglutinating Avounds
(iii,
89.) The Greeks
eyes,
the
administered
Rhases,
with
of it to
use
the
presume,
in
use
on
we
and
provocativeto
hot
temperament,
venery.
Some
say
'
'
*
SIMPLES.
328
that
it
is like
that
says,
have
been
It
trifolium,
wild
cnicus, and
that
the
bite of the
phalangium. or
upon
when
is very
the
but
pregnant
applied to
similar
of those
one
wine
austere
vii.
it becomes
affection
an
by
Commentary.
CoMM.
like the
; but
it induces
bitten
when
hyacinth,
same
with
De
poured
the
cures
'
seed
of it is
viper it
'
tlie
spring, has
decoction
drunk
opisthotonoswhen
cures
[book
when
sound
to that
with
the
part^ he
of those
who
creatures.
difficult
to
determine
and
it
'
would
be
useless
mention
varietyof conjectureswhich
have
been
advanced
respectingit. Sprengel inclines to think
that it was
a
speciesof tulip,and suggests that it probably was
the TuVipa Gesneriana.
This is the specieswhich
Dioscorides
further
of Trifolium. The
other
distinguishesby the name
named
by him Erythronhim is probably the Erythronium Dens
this conjecturevery much
A^Tiat confirms
cumstance
Canis.
is,the cirthat liie Dens
Canis is still reputed to be aphrodisiac,
the Erythronium
is reported to be by Dioscorides.
as
(iii^
134.)
See Lindley (Yeg. Kingd. 204.)
Galen
the
same
givesnearly
of it as our
author.
The
Arabians
account
to
scai'cely
appear
distinguishit properly from the orchis, but otherwise
they
of these plants as the Greeks.
characters
See
give the same
Avicenna
2, 706, 707) ; Rhases
(ii,
(Cont. 1. ult. i, 7, 14.)
'
to
in
piecesand applied^it
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
'
*
been
by
places.
It
Lacerta
the
the
of
authorities
who
See
as
the
pains
in the
the
East
276.)
the
of
the
an
entu'e
one
bitten
has
treated
been
it may
that
of
Dioscorides, and
it
in
Arabians
also
toothache, and
say
Ebn
have
Baithar
that
complaints
recommend
to
it in
the
all the
bites
of
the
on
indeed
it for the
of
cut
by scorpions.
translation
it,recommend
Greeks, and
been
chapter of Dioscorides
head, along with another
this
The
it is still used
have
the
recommends
xxix, 38.)
cases
of
head
unlikely
not
Avicenna.
treat
and
persons
seems
Gecko.
from
Pliny
(H. N.
When
cures
liver
(ii,3), where
Sontheimer
same
the
of
the
the
pions.
scor-
eyes.
same
its urine
AA-icenna
medicinally.
and
blood
are
(ii,2, 639.)
Ainslie
(Mat.
Ind.
ful
use-
In
ii;
hot
Apimn, Parsleij,is
of
seed
especiallythe
long held
ancient
cases
heat
of the
stomach
and
Galen
or
various
is
Commentary.
Garden
food
head
the
hepatic
Simpl.) ;
of
See
congeners.
(CoUig. v,
Intybus and
of the
names
of
it
said
as
an
Endive,
deserving
under
of its congener
generallyheld
was
be
to
(ii, 125)
Comm.
article of
it is not
medicine
have
(ii,2, 229)
not
astringency.
the
Dioscorides
See
AA-icenna
we
It
Cichorium.
medicine.
as
its virtues
Apium,
Cidiorium
treated
have
Book, and
First
for
(iii,
77.)
Averrhoes
some
the
by
known
now
We
Succory.
in the
of much
good
Galen
(De
Rhases
in
and
a
It is
C. EncUvia.
also
It has
comprehends
It
its
venomous
state
it under
'
great
cataplasms ;
to
Comm.
bitterish
in
merely
authorities
diluent.
refrigerantand
or
it is
purposes,
Arabians
treat of
The
general terms.
accurately from
distinguishing it very
A^dcenna
2, 55) ; Serapion (c.290) ;
(ii,
Rhases
42) ;
(Cont. 1. ult. i, 69.)
Seris, Endive,
it in
antidote
medicinal
other
Greek
other
eyes
and
diuretic
as
for
the
of the
in
the
and
that
doubt
uo
recommends
inflammations
for
; and
animals
It is also carminative
little
seems
Dioscorides
characters.
many
promotes the
which
2^^t^'oselmu'm,
Parsley, namely, Apium
in it its
place in our Dispensatory, and retained
Common
the
it
that
degree
it.
There
Commentary.
sucli
to
discharges.
menstrual
and
urinary
329
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
calefacient
more
considera1)le
degree
flowered
same
that
it to
Sea
it is
more
the
Wormwood.
characters
astringent,and
bad
From
Commentary.
fidentlyrefer
than
as
our
it.
It is also
for the
anthelminthic, and
stomach.
Dioscorides^s
descriptionwe
may
con-
Comm.
'
Angl., Droopin(jDioscorides
gives it exactly the
author, namely, that of being bitterish,
Artemisia
maritima,
24.)
good vermifuge, (iii,
than
powerfully anthelminthic
to
Galen
the
says
of
absinthium.
it,
"
"
Arabians
The
CoMM.
'
not
"
found
be
to
and
as
the
Massiliense
notwithstanding
in the
We,
for
refer
to
of
Seseli
the
as
quite satisfied
epilepsy
be
to
to
room
of
the
determined
other
article
opinion.
state,
but
same
which,
important
an
difference
not
has
is the
(iii,
53), about
The
clined
in-
were
authority
to
us
nise
recog-
specieswe are
BiqjJeurum fniticosum and Ligusticum
tortuosum.
Compare
Peloponnesiacum.
with
doubt
no
Laserpitium Siler;
Sprengel
the
are
held
have
we
the
it to
be
can
is considerable
which
reasons
IS
Celsus.
It agrees
Dioscorides
of
]\Ied.,there
INIat.
there
being long
its
It
Our
Seseli
and
Hippocrates
is also diuretic.
and
speciesof Seseli,which
one
of
absinthium.
the
with
VII.
the root,
Saxifrage (?) or Hariwort
;
fruit, is considerably heating with
Meadoio
Commentary.
'
along
works
especiallythe
more
CoMM.
it
in the
tenuity of parts,
and orthopnoea.
*
of
treat
Seseli^Hard
'
[book
SIMPLES.
330
ad
Sprengel
two
Dioscor.
80.) Dioscorides
represents the first
Gray (Suppl.to the Pharm.
species as being a diuretic,expectorant, and uterine medicine.
He
other
he
it
says
animals
merelv
they
that
the
can
Celsus
in
of
Simpl. 190.)
the
sums
the
are
shut
in
and
;
asthma
seseli held
latter
celebrated
merely
antidote
Averrhoes
Aben
Mesuai,
degree ;
up
The
its cliaracters
up
second
phlegm,
\irtues.
same
of
mentions
it
as
an
^lithridates.
(Ibid.)
additional
information
little or no
respectingit in
See Avicenua
the Arabians.
(ii,
2, 626) ; Rhases
find
works
(v, 23.)
species,
two
racters
merely give the general chaterms
the
first species,in nearly the
same
as
our
is
the
of
Sil"
Apicius (c.34),
This, beyond dispute,
ingredient
AYe
other
possessed of the
are
goats and
to
"
author.
of
but
Oribasius
and
not
assist
to
says
of
only to women,
parturition. Of the
given
was
cuts
and
therefore
opens
all the
provokes
urine
and
all cold
and
place in
Quincy (158),and
our
of Lewis
and
the
in
dry
-s-iscid and
pores
and
menstrua
(ii,366.)
as
late
as
end
of
congealed
passages
pituitousailments.
Dispensatory
the
which
and
is beneficial
The
seeds
of
times
of
the
All
Commentary.
c
it
acknowledge
avithorities
tlie
vii.
the
as
MM
"
"
[book
SIMPLES.
332
of
India.
it
forms
He
This
bites
of
it
among
of it
it for the
Seps (which
in wine
'
'
"
cures
c.
have
an
who
Serapion
Greeks, and
as
suggillations.
Chalcidic
the
been
have
Lizard),
by it.
bitten
by Aristotle.
^u'yi'ic
got the
has
great
of
name
when
viii^
(H. A.
Zyynis
tr'idachjla.
(Polyhistor.
it, Ictus sepium putredo sequitur.^-'
the
Mat.
it treated
of
any
of
the
Arabian
rities
autho-
merely gives
(ii,199.)
this head,
under
Aetius, but
by
Baithar, who
except Ebn
Med.
Dioscorides
from
by
from
literally
taken
briefly noticed
is
It
it is
of
account
(ii,72.)
found
extract
those
count
ac-
(Cont. 1. ult.
(i,254.) They
the
as
same
"
not
on
called
author's
Our
40.)
Dioscorides.
we
it
says of
Solinus
have
See
it
of it at
Baithar
Ebn
and
It is called
hence
23), and
recommends
Rhases
of
treat
purposes
same
fissures
some
Commentary.
CoMM.
'"
(Collig.v, 42)
good applicationto
drunk
(ii,2, 642)
oil in
inflammations
of medicine.
and
article of food
Averrhoes
all recommend
Arabians
The
from
the
givenearly the
Aetius
and
Avicenna
and
plant
emollients, and
his
author.
our
as
length,both as an
(De Simpl. 86) ;
i, 650)
the
animals, "c.
Galen
hepatic,(iv,8.)
an
both
venomous
corn
condensed
is
ranks
Celsus
as
the
fact
in
it
summer
to
recommends
external
eyes,
of
the
it among
oil is
an
account
Dioscorides, -who
the
that
says^
good application
xxii, 64.)
various
ranks
Pliny
orientale.
Sesamum
"
"
2toXoi',
Saliva; that of
detergent
and
cutient
children
when
the
in
destructive
to
it.
with
animals
venomous
it.
wheat
hypopion.
removes
the
away
with
anointed
are
particularlydis-
is
state
clears
applied along
It
those
fasting
it therefore
parts
when
furunculus
masticated
in
men
It
which
It
that
also
cocts
con-
has
been
is likewise
prove
of
lichen
most
fatal
to
men.
Commentary.
CoMM.
^""^
"
'
perties of
elaborate
Saliva
Our
is
author's
abridged
on
disquisition
the
account
from
virtues
of the
medicinal
Galen, who
of it.
Phny's
gives
proa
statement
very
is
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
fuller^but
contains
333
superstitiousnotions.
many
(H. N.
(c. 447.)
Serapion copies from Galen,
eruptionsand
pally as an applicationto cutaneous
'
"
It
71.)
xxviii,Comm.
princi-
was
"
that tlie
sores
of saliva_,
and it would
use
to
physicians made
appear
Dr. Thomson,
ill adapted to that purpose.
in his work
not
it :
Saliva has a
on
Chemistry, has the following remarks
ancient
be
"
on
it readily from
for oxj'gen, absorbs
the air, and
affinity
gives it out again to other bodies ; hence, in all probability,
the reason
useful
that saliva is a
of the
applicationto sores
great
skin.
Galen
several
and
Dogs
remedy, and
with
contends
animals, and
other
much
animals
advautage.^^ (Book
strongly that
appealsto
human
Nicander
ascribe
Rhases
These
(i,144.)
that
(Cont.
saliva
tantam
eos
treated
astringent.
of. The
Commentary.
Materia
See
This
]\Iedica which
Parkinson
Dioscor.)
The
first
set
already treated
down
The
anum.
times,
the
See
So
not
as
the
as
of.
The
Sanyuisorha
reputation which
Hill
(Mat.
authorities,
"
viper.
Non
also
is like to
Helxine, has
it,but
more
fluxes.
the
articles
in the
ancient
of
Dioscorides, namely,
of
Helxine
other
two
we
and
officinalis
the
to
latter has
us
of the
our
author, and
would
has
Roberti-
enjoyed
in modern
strongly confirmatoiy
of the
of
ancients.
Rhizotomi.
i, 404.)
(Mat. Med.
407) and Lewis
the Robcrtianum
is
article as
important an
of the Greek
and
escaped the observation
Apuleius
says
that
the
Latins
call
it
'
'
hesitatingly
Geranium
siderites
Comm.
the
Med.
striking and
likelyto have
Arabian
from
copy
determined.
satisfactorily
Plants, pluries)and Sprengel (Ad
the
vulnerary,appears
opinion that it was
one
as
the
to
Baithar
been
never
species
same
Arabian
Ebn
ancient
litem
of
one
than
more
Sideritis
with
(Theatre of
Ilerculia,is the
been
is
has
i, G02)
Heraciean, called
Achillean
the
of
particularAvicenna
all the
componere
it agrees
Hence
in
is destructive
Sideritis,Iromvort, the
been
1. ult.
opposition to
human
inter
nostrum
it. See
to
All
to
venomous
instance
an
alone.
Redi, in
denies
saliva
this virtue
is destructive
of this
seen
this
ii,sect. 13.)
c.
v,
saliva
having
to
recourse
in confirmation
have
'
SIMPLES.
334
Dioscorides
Ferraria.
CoMM.
"
[book
it
commends
medicine.
vulnerary
as
vii.
'
*
Galen
does
the
in
application
We
works
of the
have
they
Ferrum,
imparts
discovering
entirely overlooked
It^on
when
it.
the
that
is
in
still
744.)
Garden.
it.
to
it in
burnet
The
power
female
belief
the
to
frequently extinguished
considerably desiccative
and
of
(Encycl.of
Loudon
See
gardens.
astringent
an
traces
incline
we
as
dysentery,
hemorrhage,
Arabians, although
in
praises it
further
difficultyin
not
cultivated
of
cases
find
flux.
and
same^
it
water
When
drunk,
resolution
CoMMEi^TARY.
CoMM.
from
Our
Dioscorides.
hence
it
autlior's
He
stops the
erysipelasand
the
thickens
our
author
has
been
of it
of
says
Calefit
alopecia;
virtues
the
ferro
N.
chalybeate
in
water
Aurelianus
mentions
(Chron. i, 4.)
for diseases
of
See
Hhases
1. ult.
present head.
is to
both
styptics.
Pliny. (H.
295.)
The
say,
made
weapons
aerugo
of
steel
were
internally
See
N.
full
and
account
xxxiv, 66.)
with
remedies
a
for
wonderful
ferri
entirelyfrom
;
says
commends
(Comp. 146.)
almost
iron
vitiis,privatim
Celsus
calls it
what
manner,
The
Arabians
Cselius
epilepsy.
remedy
borrow
rides.
Diosco-
2, 247)
(ii,
Avicenna
aTOfifojua,
steel.
gout, and
spleen, (iv,9.)
the
(Cont.
iron, that
of the
it
heated
like
multis
xxxiv, 4i.)
Largus
bladder.
the
Pliny, in
among
Scribonius
of the
account
it
in
it
whitlow,
condylomata
in which
in
vinegar
for
concludes
he
aqua,
enlargement
with
liniment
and
taken
drunk
when
useful
and
of water
candente
dysentericis.^'(H.
their
useful
mostly
astringes, and
along
it is very
"
vero
the
in
in
eyelids,
is
gums,
hairs
the
the
ferri
pessaries,and
rubbed
;
is
oi Iron
serugo
in
exanthema
pterygia, asperities of
strengthens
flux
when
stomach.
account
the
says
female
prevents impregnation
cures
of the
The
much
according
scales
used
by
as
Pollux, is hard
of
rust
or
externally,
of their
to
the
the
ancient
edges of
cians,
physi-
astringents
medicinal
and
propertiesin
SIAIPLES.
HI.]
SECT.
ia
diluent
and
soothes
Cucumber
the
Cucumis,
the
order, and
first
leaves
We
have
and
the
of
That
The
But
body.
the
juice of
of it
incisive,
desiccative
prove
The
flesh
the
clears
weaker.
but
and
is cooling
green,
detergent
Elaterium.
emollient,
Commentary.
is
root
elaterium, but
to
discutieut,and
and
detergent.
is called
is like
seed
urine, and
of
seed
more
cucumber
wild
the
degree
The
discharge
dried, both
when
second
inflammations.
hot
promotes
the
esculent, when
the
S35
in
the
fruit of the
the
is
root
and
root
detergent,
juice is desiccative.
the
stated
already
than
more
that
once
Comm.
'
the
Greeks
species of
several
to
the
of
2.
the
appliesit here
its
medicinal
calls
the
along
and
with
useful
bites
of
given by
when
of
to
the
seeds
The
(ii,300.)
See
Elaterium,
used
by
or
the
all
and
impetigo, and
under
and
its leaves
an
external
as
an
and
they
and
physicians
it had
Lewis
from
that
like.
a
Of
medicine
Dioscorides
roots, the
it
held
juice of
of
one
it is the
our
greater
Med.
i, 380.)
much
was
downwards.
durable
known
to
of
of
retain
we
lichen, scabies,
have
treated
section, and
he
other
as
of the
account
in
Sera-
Baithar
the
most
cases
which
given internallyas
was
gives an
the
place in
Hippocrates
in this
of
Ebn
(Mat.
it,however,
count
ac-
is, therefore,
cucumber,
It
same
are
treating of the
actuallybeen
years.
v.ine,
characters
are
as
wild
bladder,
(ii,3, 89)
long
ranked
the
affirm
with
Avicenna
applied externallyin
the
(64.)
of
of
the
(Collig.v, 43) ;
were
of
Dioscorides
of
the
with
cucumber
hundred
elaterium, as
in Book
fruit
that
for two
hydragogue,
and
Averrhoes
Pliny
medicines, and
its virtues
a
See
sume,
pre-
account
give the
masters
other.
Quincy (107)
ancient
Thcophrastus
it up
when
of the
the
Arabians
Grecian
Dispensatories,and
seeds.
The
we
moderately diuretic,
cataplasm
discover
His
Galen.
from
applied
was
author,
in ulcerations
well
dogs.
their
Our
sativus
evidently mix
impossible
and
one
Cucumis
leaves, in
its
it, but
as
almost
the
Latins
sativus.
Cucumis
answering
must
in the
gourd,
of
that
of
the
the
fruits.
summer
qualitiesis abridged
seed
says
to
of
Cucumis
or
dropsy.
Galen
poison
virtues
recommends
cutaneous
fully
as
diseases,
treats
336
of them
CoMM.
'
"
SIMPLES.
'
its
iu
suitable
it
(c. 204)
Rhases
Abbas
authorities
kills the
foetus.
of
the
recommends
it
giA'es a
which
he
wild
1. ult.
143)
;
Averrhoes
Ebn
Baithar
in
great
in
is
interesting account
very
describes
being
as
wild
application
colic.
named
by
of
the
wild
and
bitter
sharp
more
cucumber
Abbas
Haly
paralysis and
Arabian,
an
One
(ii,
210.)
in headaches.
use
Serapion
external
an
says
all parts
(Collig.v, 42);
the
pessary
says
Cucumis
of
treat
of them
purge
authorities
Serapion^s
who
(ii,2, 177)
says, that
the
Aviceuna
is of
as
cases.
is
See
Another
head
It
vii.
RuiFus
who
of Rhases's
it to
(Cont.
author.
om'
Arabiaus,
great length.
at
Haly
dropsical
to
asiniuus, of the
sen
sylvestris,
of
more
is
root
[book
of
One
him
Habix,
cucumber,
than
the
gourd.
2/AXvpo!',
Sillyburri,is
but
edible.
honeyed
"
'
"
"
known
the
to
Milk-thistle
See
Plants, 976.)
as
the
says
Our
author's
Xone
it,that
omitted
it
works
of the
be
the
in
our
altogether,and
to
Carduus
to
Though
64.)
Pharmacop.
describes
the
deobstrueut,
An
Carduus
and
ii,157.)
It
well
with
agi*ee
shops
it
of the
that
be
to
admitted
of the
it be
the
has
long
apothecaries.
See
authority of
as
find
treated
it
hold
to
it
appear
to
(supposing
that
tion
descrip-
Galen
plant
ceased
Pliny
(iv,156.)
distinct
able
be
jST.xxvi, 25.)
Dioscorides
been
not
article
eminent
Marise
(H.
it to
its virtues.
this
would
remedy
must
xxxvi, 25.)
bile.
more
it
acknowledging
Plin.
of
or
unless
Marianus)
the
in
(Theatre
makes
any
have
we
Arabians,
Dispensatory,
unknown
itself
plant
Common
or
Parkinson
from
with
totallyun-
Avas
Harduin
(Ad
give
drunk
Marise,
juice evacuates
authorities
other
of the
the
Italians.
of it is taken
Serapion. (c.305.)
to
Carduus
it
(Lectures) and
its concrete
of
that
Gaertn.
charaseleon,
is emetic.
drachm,
the
Alston
character
of the
either
the
it not
white
it,when
Marie
of
of
admits
Sillybinn mariamim,
Cardo
the
root
of
amount
Is
of
the
the
Matthiolus
him.
to
of
juice
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
The
water
like
thorny shrub,
has
it in
of
by
actually
a
place
is not
his
wholly
Gray (Suppl.
day, Crantz,
being sudorific,diuretic,and
ill-conditioned
that
Silhjbum
this
as
(Mat.
sores.
character
given by
Med.
does
Dioscorides.
not
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
337
in
humid
Commentary.
meuto,
Artedi
it, Silurus
calls
yXai'ic(Aristot.)
; glanus
"
it is called
of
article
medicine
that
Sihinis
food
in
in the
cims
quatuor in
glanis (Plin.)
Angl.
;
et
its brine
clystersit
is useful
of
exception of Ebn
it from
both
Blatta
entrails
and
It is
Dioscorides
of the
Silphium
facient
or
of the
and
the works
to
It has
the
identityof
of
Treating
the
is intermediate
(iii,
85.)
make
much
said
of
between
assafcetida
of
ancient
tliat
sagapenum,
juice,that
attractive
in Duncan's
and
us
that
the
one
the
of the
cale-
"
says,
some
in
question
Comm.
'
'
*
assafoetida.
our
in
smell
it
juice of silpliiura.'^
^latcria
kind
]\Iedica,it is
of middle
place
Its
foetida,
assajuice,or gum-resin, was
IMedian
juices, already
Cyrenaic and
'
III.
'
passage
"
also
It has
he
Pliny Comm.
(ii,
38.)
When
indigestible.
active,"ind especially
quitedecisive
silphium and
it holds
of
excellent
an
powers.
Edinburgh
"
the
of it.
account
more
gum-resin, sagapenum,
between
galbanum and
Now,
to
earache.
orientalis.
is of itself
the
in
able
of earache,
cases
long .appearedto
of Dioscorides
that
shops, the
cure
Blatta
it in
juice,being possessed of
purgative property.
hip-bath,
bakers^
in
its
of it
Arabians, with
pounded,
evidentlythe
authorities
found
""^
an
as
says
been
not
Laserpitium, Lasei^ivort,is
Commentary.
also
as
as
it
also recommend
other
have
gives
moth
boiled
which, when
We
works
Arabian
the
Pistrina, or
of
(ii,29.)
it
surface, and
the
to
Baithar, who
Commentary.
None
defluxion
of
recommends
dysenteric affections
Comm.
'
ment
arrange-
treated
author, and
our
it in the
Greek
have
Dioscorides
as
in
sciatica,
cures
account
any
I.
cases
the
We
glanis.
Book
same
by determining
as
sharp
extracts
"the
and
it
cataplasm
of wood.
weapons
find
In
state.
22
SIMPLES.
338
treated
CoMM.
'
'
"
the
of
by
juice
all treated
are
that
offensive
it,the
the
for
Median
the
whereas,
when
smell.
He
stalk.
He
Syrian
of
says
efficacious
most
it
tasted
and
in
eyes,
animals,
as
of
the
as
juice,then
and
of
pepper,
short, in
before
great
time
his
the
Latin
authors.
used
in
in
foinided, however,
for the
venomous
callus ; in
affections,and
cseliac
But
introduced
been
laser
most
part
plaints.
com-
vict.
in
laserpitiumof the
(iv,2) ; Pliny (H. N.
encomium
the
on
the
and
elaborate
an
long
other
ratione
de
in
into
procidentiaand
particularCelsus
latter passes
the
of
cynanche,
rigors,along with
in
Fistulis ;
indisputablythe
See
The
xxii,49.)
had
Hippocrates (De
It is
acut., "c.)
and
and
complaints, (iii,
84.)
silphium
then
tonsils, in
the
in
of
bites
of
internally,
diseases
corns,
dropsy ;
wine,
other
many
practiceof medicine,
See
and
parts
leaves, and
in
the
an
more
different
the
purposes,
most
breath,
have
externallyand
it,both
bronchi,
the
and
of the
He
is the
Cyrenean
weaker,
are
applicationto
applicationto gangrene,
an
affections
the
it.
of
abstract
an
it,that
is the
recommends
toothache,
leaves, and
scarcely affects
vit.
of
he has
Silphium, wherein
that
dare
we
scarcelyventure
upon
varieties
of
the
of
the
juice,that
says
fragrant,so
stalk, the
The
varieties.
were
us,
[book
it,
upon
of Dios-
contents
corides's
it the identityof
chapter on the Silphium. From
the Greek
laser is clearlymade
out.
silphion and the Roman
Passing by Galen, Aetius, and Oribasius, who
supply nothing
very
interesting on
See
Avicenna
Assa
^drtues
rides.
used
A^dcenna
Laser, namely,
of which
He
in the
eructations
we
savs
he
turn
now
Rhases
foetida
two
and
distinctly that
the
1. ult.
i, 50)
the
same
fetid
or
of
odorifera,
terms
as
kind
black
as
others
as
bad.
One
of
the
the
Dioscois not
procm'ing
proving
machic.
sto-
them, Habix,
mentions
Ebn
the Arabian
disagreement among
authorities
of Serapion regarding the \drtues of the assa, some
of them
and liver,and
representingit as good for the stomach
appears
to be
Ai'abians.
varieties
He
cooking of food.
praises them
and
acting as carminatives, and as
There
the
(Collig.v, 42) ;
describes
the
to
(Cont.
Averrhoes
Simpl. 251) ;
(i, 84.)
seu
head^
Serapion (De
Baithar
this
that
it
was
SIMPLES.
340
633)
CoMM.
[book
The
describes
latter
vii.
it
as
'
"
speciesof
"
wliieh
apium
in water.
grows
^'icrapov,
Garden
Sisarum,
It
subtile
to
is
third
order.
with
The
discutient.
powerfully
aflFected
persons
machic
sto-
and
hiccough
in wine.
Commentary.
CoMM.
and
particles,
is,therefore, given
tormina,
"
of
consists
the
in
is
boiled,
root, when
the
diuretic,being heating
and
seed
Parsnip
It is the Pastinaca
saliva
Garden
or
Parsnip,
'
to
be
the
same
but
nifje/Ia,
as
Galen
of
bitterness
siser
of
and
from
Dioscorides
From
(ii,2, 652.)
it will be
the
but
held,
must
we
that
rank
with
this
Sisymbrium,
is Hke
'
*
the
of
Wild
and
from
been
to
generally
this
it is
that
73), which
(iii,
in
join Sprengel
fear
we
the
in
must
we
ancient
When
the
species
to
sium,
and
also
because
Cardamine,
dried, it belongs
discutients
the
to
it
first
but
when
of
his
first
speciesthat
that
it
in
humid
second.
calamintha
(Index
follow
articles
called
Mint,
calefacients
resembles
into
has
article
it is tiot the
that
as
undetermined
of this
given
dehberation, then,
mature
Dioscorides
Commentary.
CoMM.
would
treatingof it,copy
scarcelyprepared
are
Cardamus.
the
state, to the
"
It
in his
places it
hold
Skerret,
the
Medica.
Materia
order
we
After
admitting.
have
authorities
be
particular Avicenna
in
we
degree
certainlyto
in
table,
pala-
appetite,
certain
of Dioscorides
eXo^o'/Soa/coc
the
say
See
it is
the
of whom
Arabians,
Sisarum,
Parsnip.
with
identical
latter
account
recent
Sinm
the
The
It appears
Galen.
the
that
seen
as
same
and
of
mistake.
it,that
calefacient,with
Celsus, the
(ii,31.)
list of diuretics,
of
it is said
be
to
seem
whetter
astringency.
and
Pliny
and
it is
says
of Rhases
brieflysays
diuretic,
stomachic,
translation
this would
Dioscorides
(Contin. xxxvii.)
(ii,139.)
the
In
according to Sprengel.
"
of
gai'denmint,
or
wild
and
no
other
states
It would
Stackhouse
mint.
be
PJiny
mint.
Theophrastus.)
can
says
The
inclines
other,
than
the
called
degenerates
then,
appear,
this
to
also
Nasturtium
it
to
be
opinion.
cardamine
officinale.
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
Dioscorides
former
of the
says
calculus,tormina, and
gury,
and
certain
applicationto
like
terms
as
the
by
the
other
diseases
of
treats
manner,
of
carelessness
specieshe
descriptionof
the
Scammony,
has
'""'"'
cataplasm
and
wasps
bees,
recommends
the
as
former
terms
Comm.
an
(ii,155.) Galen,
speciesin nearly the same
two
to
these
they apply
in
in stran-
skin,
The
preceding article,Sisarum.
sisymbrium and the nasturtium,
the
that
stingsof
of the
the
author, whose
our
in the
it is useful
and
singultus;
His
stops vomiting.
in
tliat
species^
headache, is useful
it reheves
341
treat
it is not
substances
same
the
Arabians
but
species,
head
of
both
of
clear
that
Dioscorides
as
does.
Scammonia,
and
juice
of
discusses
matters,
drunk,
diseased
acts
Commentary.
be
supposes
is called
ZIik^vkojumvoq
make
to
All
(i,10.)
which
mention
the
of
remarks, that
and
Celsus
in other
collection.
doubt
it does
This
the
stomach
the
the
is
an
The
last
says
distant
and
liver.
of
these
scammony
parts
of
ander,
Alex-
authorities
the
stomach
intestinal
in the
Arabians
of it at
is
worm,
Hippocratic
treat
of very
(ii,
2, 628) ;
Aviccnna
Abbas
purges
very
bile,
Ebn
;
Baithar
great length.
attracts
humours
the
Avicenna
stomach, liver,and
Arabian
(Collig.v, 42)
writes
'
occurs
the
Comm.
scammony
^uKpvSiovby
broad
the
Haly
The
when
answer
article which
Scam-
powerful purgative,
Marcellus
rectly
Empiricus cor-
(iv,17.) It also
(De Simpl. i) ;
Abbas
not
prescribes it for
cases,
and
it is
that
bile.
and
from
and
species,which
farinosus, L.
C.
it,state
Rhases
Haly
Convolvulus
another
See
(ii,27.)
describes
the
fully.
Mesne
when
embrocation
an
headaches
it is the
by Nicander,
phlegm
evacuates
Aveak.
As
foetus
likewise
Sprengel
who
as
Without
Dioscorides
monia.
the
decoction.
to
leprosy.
chronic
especiallythe
more
kills
phymata,
cussing,
properties of heating, dis-
bilious
clearingaway
it, which
the
heart.
also
state
that
it is
342
SIMPLES.
purgative,but
CoMM.
different
in
not
one
general
of
preparations
it
Serapion^s Arabian
of the
from
20
that
small
doses, it
it
bowels
at
fatal.
Mesne
In
is said
An
they
may
and
of
kinds
of
the
visceral
in the
this
its
Scandix
Scincus,
acrid
Ebn
Skink
of
the
of Crocodilus
of
pri^y
the
much
choice
bad
of
qualities
diuretic,and
and
removes
Skink
of it that
same
about
is
was
of the Arabians
as
the
I.
character
infers
from
and
of
treat
kidneys
The
to
de-
it,with
our
seed
of
to
lettuce,
them
counteract
ten
and
drunk
are
and
honey.
animal,
to
lizard,
inches
the
He
antidotes
of the
it give it the
same
name
mends
recom-
concludes
;
and,
famous
in
officinalis
crocodile,and
author.
composition
under
is Scincus
name
land
like
twelve
Gesner
ingredient in
notice
Galen
beheve,
from
calls it
in the
his
it is diuretic
small
by Hay
complaints as
an
takes
member.
crocodile,and
it is
in Book
potherb
(ii,
23.)
principaluse
Such
is
we
of lentils with
described
was
it in the
its
with
of any
(ii,1G7.)
Arabians,
algeriensis.Dioscorides
saying
in
prove
potherb, heating
bitter,that
parts
The
shape
It
the
decoction
the
length.
or
it is
the
may
and
about
author
Avater, is supposed
Commentary.
'
of
authorities
remarks,
of this
Our
Baithar.
of the
with
drunk
likewise
CoMM.
dose
acting upon
length
It
treated
and
of the
erection
occasion
have
Dioscorides.
None
exception of
when
without
wild
order.
australis.
from
plant
obstruent.
We
being sHghtly
the
tion
descrip-
obstructions.
It is the
of
"
second
Commentary.
'
the
One
possess.
desiccative
CoMM.
says
correction
'
minute
directions
it,and
of
application in
of Rhases^s
great
minute
degrees
very
Avicenna
it at
as
bloody discharges,but
diuretic
overdose,
treats
different
He
vii.
upon,
diseases.
cutaneous
of it.
be
to
external
an
gives a
off biUous
depended
different
brings
all.
as
other
varieties
grs.
states
it
be
to
with
act
authorities
different
to
[book
in
by
fact,
Theriaca.
medicinal
cha-
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
racter
is
Greeks, that
the
as
of
account
it.
In
skink
the
East
See
Ainslie
Ind.
as
desiccative
and
it roasted
to take
like that
so
His
given
that
in
till the
oven
an
tender
stomach,
descriptionof
the
the
take
fibrous
of
the
latter
roots
is
It is better
urine, such
the
of
as
the
squillis
floats
coughs, asthma,
that it is alexipharmic.(ii,
202.) Celsus
scilla cocta," as in tympanites and
in
He
anasarca,
described, in
of it
the
the
the
on
also
hard
squill
rendered
cases
soft
requiring
of the
stomach,
says
of it
(iii.) It is
word, by all the
Arabian, in the
and
Roman,
pensatory,^
Dis-
frequently prescribes
"
and
and
bake
it in
food
much
London
dropsies,diseases
as
ancient
squillin paste of
then
Comm.
baking squills
'
skin
outer
grow
the
translation
the
"c.
frequentlyrecommended
of
of the
recommends
He
in which
cases
class of
same
Aetius
(i); Oribasius
Simpl. viii)
;
(Med. Coll. 12) ; Apuleius (De Herbis) ; Columella
(De R.
Rust, xii,33) ; Serapion (De Simpl. 304); A^acenna
(ii,
2, 590) ;
cases.
Rhases
Baithar
Galen
and
Squill contains
edition
jaundice, chronic
See
disiac.
aphro-
It is mentioned
the process
authorities,Greek,
and
order.
medicine
chapter on
throughout,"
those
without
powers,
inaritima.
favorite
may
copious evacuation
in
Scilla
second
in Pemberton^s
one
part, from
and
incisive
"Scillce
wheat
restorative
of
the
in
It is the
matter.
teresting
in-
boiled.
or
Commentary.
valuable
is
(De
(Pract. ii,43).
and
in
dropsy
jaundice
and
and
as
It is
given, he
diuretic
tormina
spittingof
of
Serapion^saccount
full.
particularly
blood
'
ii,278.)
'
uses.
is still eaten
(Mat.
and
gives a lengthy
briefly notices it
Rhases
of its medicinal
Comm.
say,
latter
The
saying anything
the
they represent it to be
particularAvicenna
2, 596)
(ii,
to
in
stronglyaphrodisiac. See
and
Ebn
Baithar
(ii,
32.)
343
of the
;
and
as
bowels
for
its medicinal
as
says,
remedy
;
for
an
laxative
for
old
cleansing the
properties
in
fevers,
indigestion,for
cough, asthma,
breast
of
gross
SIMPLES.
344
humours.
CoMM.
'
It is to be
avoided,
[book
when
lie says,
there
is
vii.
ulcer
an
'
in
internal
any
and
vinegar
urine.
Columella
which
is
Mesue
receiptfor
useful, he
says,
ad
ad
''
other
veterem, tussim
for
asthma,
He
melancholy.
of the
in
in
of
Arabian.
under
the
treats
the
latter.
his wonted
the
epilepsy,and
the
it to be
forbids
Baithar
gives
and
scilla
in
it in diseases
He
Ebn
teeth,and
gums,
in
jaundice.
separatelyof
He
commends
re-
of it with
coughs;
viscera.
and
from
extracts
and
(1.c.)
syrup
commends
particularly
dropsy
refi-
corpus
stomachum."
the
treats
all inveterate
and
ulceration
copious
and
by
scilliticum,
ad
expectorant,
an
complaints of
it in
moreover
spleen,and
used
as
Avicenna
recommending
mouth;
it
purposes.
vinum
et ad
vinegar,the oxymel,
medicinal
accuracy,
making
^dth
along
it evacuates
concoquendum,
particularlycommends
the
it
that
adds,
He
dropsy.
givesa
ciendum, itemque
See
in
honey
recommends
Apuleius
part.
very
Greek
and
pancratium.
S/CoAoTTiVSpa,
Scolopendra
rubbed
upon
the
boiled
scolopendra, when
sea
part, acts
as
oil
burnt
When
depilatory.
in
it
and
sions
occa-
pruritus.
See
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
"
"
Aphrodite
All
aculeata.
it for the
Book
same
V.
the
The
author.
our
as
notice
who
authorities
purposes
scolopendra is
sea
it
the
mend
recom-
Dioscorides
See
(ii,16.)
S/CoXoTTiVSptOI',
the
Scolopendrium,
asplenium.
as
It is the
Commentary.
CoMM.
same
Ceterach.
Asplenium
under
See
Asplenium.
'^KoXvf.lOQ,
Scolymus,
of the
Golden
CoMM.
of the
order.
second
wine, brings
smell
Thistle,is
off
root
quantity of
fetid
armpits
Theophrastus (H.
scarcelyentertain
southern
and
of the
From
P.
Spanish
the
vi, 4),
doubt
Cardoons,
parts of
calefacient
The
Commentary.
or
an
Europe.
it,
urine,
whole
when
and
Dioscorides
it
the
was
esculent
cine
medi-
boiled
cures
the
with
fetid
body.
descriptions
and
that
of
desiccative
and
it
given by
(iii,14), one
can
Scolymus Hispanicus,
root, well
Compare
of
known
Sprengel (Ad
in
the
Dioscor.
SIMPLES.
111.]
SECT.
345
with
(Hist, of
tlie
acceunt
iii,14)
same
Galen
elaboratelyof
writes
the
properties,are
been
not
unless
able
it be
(Cont. 1.
a
to
same
the
to
The
Cynara
We
Scolymus,
have
treated
Volume,
of
Greeks.
Salmasius
Arabians
are
confirmed
with
Avicenna
referred
Scordium,
Water
and
menstrual
with
heats
Germander.
for
its
Galenas
in
seem
See
have
Avicenna
degree.
that
the
with
the
2.
of
varied
therefore
at
the
the
which
had
wounds,
cleanses
of
the
powers,
time
same
urinary
been
and
of
the
by
Compare
Dr.
have
Hill.
got
scorodon
confounded
the
powers,
its medicinal
to
is
Teucrium
commends
ulcers.
stated
Garlic,
cultivated.
belief
clearly the
(ii,2, G22),
But
harsef
our
composed
parts
expectorant
appear
qualitiesto
Allium,
the
as
statement
to
is
cleansing foul
it would
First
potherb
promotes
Dioscorides
and
characters
that
viscera
It
emmenagogue,
and
the
and
affected
in-
proves
sprinkled dry.
Commentary.
Water
is
It
(pluries).
in
artichoke.
discharges, warms
carnative
the
to
opinion by a comparison of
find
that
(1. c), although we
acrid.
the
mentators,
com-
in this
Germander,
and
Rhases
modern
Parkinson
identical
was
Arabians,
as
hinted
it to the
being bitter,sour,
purges
have
the
We
Dioscorides
scolymus
We
114.
p.
harxaf
or
of the
See
its
scolymtiswas
their
to
'
'
have
artichoke.
or
the term
and
is
as
We
the
"
(1.c.)
to
as
(ii,2, 332)
is,that
authorities
being sometimes,
of
works
Avicenna
truth
author.
our
Dioscorides.
the
See
as
Comm.
gives exactly
conclusions,
of
in
harsef.
ancient
his
those
it out
i, 168).
virtues
but
it,
as
trace
their
ult.
puzzle
its medicinal
of
Beckmann
see
or
the
and
healing
Scordium,
it for its
when
properties.
its
name
garlic.
scordium
'"
of it Avith
author
from
The
with
condenses
Galen
remarks
its resemblance
Arabians
the
would
scorodon.
and
ophioscordon, or
dcsiccative
wild
in
the
comm.
diuretic,
given internally;
his account
Our
or
fourth
garhc, is stronger
than
"
'
SIMPLES.
346
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
'
*
We
Parkinson
See
Dioscorides
the
bites
it forms
both
in the
form
and
remedy
in
author, merely
it
as
of
of
the
Celsus.
general
in
the
best
of
mad
various
as
an
characters
ranks
dogs.
cutaneous
emmeuagogue,
diuretic
like
our
of the two
species.
Hippocrates and
of
works
great
wine, and
of
bites
of
all medicines
fumigation ; as a
(ii,81.) Galen,
the
latter
The
calls it
succi,^^and
mali
and
dropsical diseases,
states
for the
furfures
hip-bath
virtues
along with
taken
leprosy and
as
ii, 181).
was
says,
va-
arenarium.
medicinal
application to
an
and
vii.
two
Dioscor.
it is the
cataplasm
the
sativum
of the
says
vipers when
frequently mentioned
in those
"
of
excellent
an
complaints, such
It is
Allium
somewhere
Dioscorides
of rustics.
down
set
Sprengel (Ad
and
Galen
as
also recommends
He
to
in the
that
being
as
29),
(vii,
garlic,which,
theriac
inclined
are
[book
it
the
among
things
of
treat of it
(ii,21, 26, et alibi.) The Arabians
See
at great length.
Serapion (De Simpl. 331) ; Averrhoes
(Cont. 1. ult.
(Collig.V, 42) ; Avicenna
(ii,2, 72) ; Rhases
the
i.
bowels, "c.
laxative
recommend
They
36.)
and
clyster of
diuretic,and
it
as
clears
and
the
the
bowels, and
says,
Fresh
is
to
They
say
affirms,from
Avicenna
the
medicine
ears,
garlic,he
vermifuge.
raw
as
it is useful
the
useful
of
in
case
quoted by
liver,the
says, is
Another
as
in
sonal
per-
the
in
reptiles. Ruffus,
it is hurtful
kidneys.
of
gargle
excellent
an
dropsy
emmeuagogue.
voice.
the
experience,that it is
stung by venomous
persons
Serapion, says
an
eructations, in
sciatica,and
relieves
toothache, and
of
it in
lungs,
diuretic,loosens
his
authorities
strangury.
^KopSoTrpocroi^,
Scordoprason, Garlic-leek,in
of the
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
"
'
"
"
garlicand
Allium
taste
and
powers
is
compounded
leek,
We
are
None
Scorodoprason.
interestinginformation
under
disposed
of
set
to
the
it down
authorities
as
being
suj)plyany
this head.
2/cop7rio"t"fC,
Scorpioides,Caterpillar,is heating
desiccative
in the
second.
in
the
third
order, and
SIMPLES.
348
Smilax
"
"
'
It
(48.)
he
himself
it.
He
article
persons
baccata,
the
Materia
noticed
it
possessed of such
sitting or sleeping in
L.
See
when
should
its shade,
fatal
prove
(ii,80.)
order
of
We
to
have
calefacients
it kills
It has
them.
tlie foetus
and
worms
also
of
of
with
and
Commentary.
it is
this is the
same
the
head
It
and
is likewise
Boeotian
as
detergent,and,
remedies.
ophthalmic
That
of
and
bitterness
some
the
Savoy),
or
therefore, is mixed
'
have
guard against
to
to
as
power
second
is of the
sprinkled upon
hence
"
V.
yew.
desiccants.
CoMM.
Book
elsewhere
Myrrha, Myrrh,
"
perties.
pro-
opinion has
'
vii.
merely
(Languedoc
was
deleterious
Dioscorides
that
Narbonia
in
that
stated, hoAvever,
the
had
he
of
tree
Taxus
place in
that
says
says
yew-tree
is the
remarkable
appears
this
allowed
is
Yew,
the
It
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
Taxus,
or
[book
myrrh
is in-
myrrh
our
authorities
are
now
disputable,and the best botanical
pretty
well agreed that it is the product of a dwarf
shrub, to which
of Balsamodendron
See
Myrrha.
they have given the name
1187.) It is
Lindley (Veg. Kingd. 460) ; Pereira (Mat. Med.
is perhaps the oldest literaryproduction in
mentioned
in what
existence
(Genesis xxxAii,25), and is frequently noticed as a
the
in
medicine
(De Superfoet.
;
works
de
Muhebr.)
Dierbach
(347) and
gum-resin
was
According
to
(Arsn.
used
much
was
He
nature.
cures
used
with
in ulcers
used
fetor
as
an
oil it
of
the
the
the
says
calefacient,soporific,
tive,
agglutina-
ointment
and
of it that
with
strengthens the
He
other
also
likewise
complaints
and
of
alum
teeth.
the
that
He
that
states
it is authelminthic
liquid
gums
it in chronic
recommends
trachea.
and
'fficonom.
Hippocrates.
Hippocrat.^
des
eye
mouth,
of
name
further
astringent.He
further
of
the
See
it is
asperitiesof
and
bear
in the
Dioscorides
desiccative,and
coughs
which
of
;
it
like
that
it
armpits when
in a
gargle
describes
two
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
that
which
was
fluid from
runs
fluid
myrrh,
taken
sohd
kind.
See
of the
of
Pliny gives
prescribes the
author's
former
of
him,
rhoes
venturing
written
as
this
do
importance
to the
stated
and
agreed
that
they
authorities
as
It
capable
says
plaster.
would
and
fluids
them
of
Another
from
Abbas
Haly
prevent
authors
us
have
regretted,
of much
practical
Grecian
that
an
masters.
the
Greeks
emmenagogue
One
that
says
; Aver-
be
their
the
the
from
i, 474)
less to
expectorant.
Our
Arabians,
limits
as
works.
from
it evacuates
that
appear
Boeotian
the
and
Dioscorides, Galen,
of
Serapion's
belly when
in
also
are
applied
masticatory it
our
author,
myrrh
the
was
mentioned
by
Alexanders
or
Olusatrum.
Smyrnium
Smyrnium,
Alsander
silvestre)is heating
stronger
of
his
Basil.)
these
myrrh
nating
aggluti-
the
1. ult.
anything
of
virtues
and
brain.
the
evacuates
the
(v,23),
borrows
authority,all
their
N.
and
ed.
Our
suppliedby
tain
con-
H.
of
For
this is the
add
not
(See
two
what
which
does
manner
(Cont.
"
larger pieces
condensed
(ii,496.)
information
it is diuretic
that
is
in like
subject,but
regarding
medicine
in
other
account
stacte
ii,433,
exposition of
an
it
T.
Rhases
the
Comm.
was
'
The
purpose.
Dioscoiides.
Baithar
find
not
The
upon
this
upon
we
from
does
Ebn
the
concocting
substance
Aetius
(ii,2, 468)
(Pract.ii,41)
from
Antidot.
De
(Collig.v, 42)
of
describes
works.
Oribasius
as
Avicenna
see
and
of
present
mention
finest
cutting.
midst
frequently as
of
these
without
our
Galen
account
tree
the
highly interesting,but
makes
mp'rh
Simpl. 109,
calls Stacte
(Mat. Med.)
answer
substance.
he
of the
out
is
would
Celsus
xii,33-6.)
the
Hill
myrrh
that
much
(De
which
liquid mjTrh,
of
kinds
349
than
(called
and
Olusatrum,
but
by Dodonseus,
and
This,
Commentary.
either
the
weaker
the
and
Hipposelinum
desiccative
parsley,but
therefore, emmenagogue
also
of
than
the
third
Apium
order, being
stone-parsley.
It
is,
diuretic.
it would
appear,
is not
the
Smyrnium Dioscoridis,or,
perfoliatum. In another
place we
Smyrnium
as
Comm.
supposed
have
set
it
'
'
SIMPLES.
350
down
CoMM.
'
latter,and
the
as
treated
[book
of it
as
article of food.
an
vii.
(Vol.I,
'
'
All
114.)
as
See
author.
our
Avicenna
and
'
Sow-thistle,
when
this
It would
is
an
of Scribo-
olusatrum
Sonchus
the
refer
the
held
and
of
inflammations
stem
merely
"We
terms.
the
useful
are
Galen
when
Arabians,
it
its
not
the
with
uterus
by
that
exception
well-known
he
for
it
heat
sub-
of the
and
it relieves
says
that
late
its root
and
scorpions, (ii,158.)
and
qualities in general
Baithar,
Dioscorides
until
calls
it is described
of Ebn
would
stomach-ache
and
temperament
aware
determined.
oleraceus, a
wool,
of
would
species,which
juice for
on
three
varieties
well
cataplasm
oleraceus,
authorities
Dioscorides
bitten
persons
states
are
and
but
Dispensatories
its
applied
descriptionsof it from
the
dried,
describes
the
one
S.
our
and
anus
to
the
it in
inflammations,
milk
attract
when
Sonchus
species,not
510.)
recommends
astringent,and
stomach
(i, 11,
of
only
in
the
perhaps,
some
been
place
be
are,
describe
have
to
Quincy
See
But
Dioscorides
distinct
some
appear
to
first two
author
our
plant, w^liich
date.
the
first to
certainly
sensibly cooling
eaten.
appear
oleraceus, although
and
Galen
and
astringent
certain.
quite
not
which
species, of
to
the
excellent
calefacient.
moderately
but
is
Commentary.
'
'
is
Simpl.);
(De
is
it
that
agree
It
Galen
character
same
Largus.
both
CoMM,
All
the
nearly
72)
(iii,
emmenagogue.
Sonchus,
is
it
give
Dioscorides
55.)
(ii,2,
diuretic
nius
authorities
the
and
by
who
of
any
the
merely gives
Galen,
(i,211.)
27rapyavtov,
Sparganium
CoMM.
this
it
commends
XXV,
63.)
Galen
other
kept
treats
also
It
Commentary.
"
*
as
He,
usual,
as
as
viper.
See
shops
the
with
the
borrows
our
from
of
Phny
serpents.
Dioscorides.
author.
Few,
the
if any
15.)
the
re-
(H. N.
(iv,21.)
"S'.
ramosum,
reputation of curing
powers.
simplex.
sting
desiccative
Sparganium
to
brieflyas
authorities,notice
in the
possessed of
antidote
an
of it
is
is
bite
of the
is still
of the
SIMPLES.
iTiJ
SECT.
flower
five
of
drunk
it,when
the
also
fruit
ischiatic
is the
its
seeds
the
fruit
the
to
The
and
of
amount
hellebore,without
danger.
twigs remedy
it
Dioscorides
commends
trace
it in
to
Ebn
Baithar, who
this
the
com-
'
"
intention.
in gout
and
other
and
it in sciatica and
the
Comm.
'
his
powerful diuretic,
with
emetic
an
in
states
it is
used
as
Spartium junceum.
Silvius
as
that
says
of its medicinal
easy
it is the
still sometimes
clysterin
Latins,
commends
further
as
doubt
He
diseases.
account
given
of the
are
further
arthritic
same
white
water
downwards.
purges
Mesne.
on
INIesue
honeyed
like
Without
genista
mentary
and
vines
diseases.
Commentary.
It
with
upwards,
oboli,purge
But
^Traprocj
they bind
which
by
Genista, Broom,
351
cynanche,
complaint, (iv,155.)
former
works
of the
other
copies principallyfrom
and
when
It is not
authorities,except
Galen
or
Dioscorides.
(i.489.)
ij a"^iK\apiov,
STTE/cAaptoi/
Lapis specularis,which
their
Being
or
and
windows,
of the
some
hence
it
been
it has
of
called
specula in
diaphanous.
like burnt
powers
shells
oysters.
It is the
Commentary.
is evident
from
Book
See
V,
it had
(Ep. 60.)
transparency.
The
58.
Spongia, Sponge;
of the
when
sea,
wounds
WTien
burnt
to
come
the
if
find
in
his
"
from
in most
of
xxxvi, 45.)
in the
time
still preserves
water, wine,
and
cure
it
was
the
smell
tinates
oxycrate, agglu-
or
di sentient
liquidpitch,and
animal
our
'
its
powers.
applied hot,
it
""
says
dysenteries.
acknowledge
it stated
its virtues
Comm.
'
Seneca
in windows
that
recent, which
asphaltos or
stops hemorrhages.
Avicenna
praise
of
cure
with
Commentary.
used
mentions
applied with
but
be
Selenite,as
or
See
Agricola
speculare
descriptionof it.
Arabians
for the
frequentlygiven
Gypsum
author^s
our
in his time
that
we
has
of gypsum,
nature
instead
use
nature
modern
of sponges,
treatises
on
Comm.
'
"
and
yet
natural
SIMPLES.
352
historythat
CoMM.
'
in
maintaining
is
sponge
that
vegetable which
there
is
that,
of
the
the
that
the
found
stones
species described
for
tent
hemorrhages
hut
and
whenever
burnt
genuine, it appears
Celsus
prescribesa
the
be
to
it formed
until
to
of it
remainder
and
quote what
it.
Avicenna
it
left
and
Dioscorides
Spodium
1. ult.
has
Commentary.
Pliny
thus
states
the
Galen
and
sores
in the
the
had
and
nious
ingerhage
hemor-
absence
set
was
surface, while
to
"
the
of
gives
an
known
cold
heat
describes
had
sponge
at
as
oil,vinegar, or
cover
He
motion.
neck,
bleeding place,it
Galen
in
the
vessels.
(De
Spongia maris,"
written
respecting
supposed
was
Rhases
to
be
recommend
676.)
similar
It
he
dies
reme-
this term
swelling and
on
that
dry
astringe;
certainly not
(De Morbis, ii.)
fullyof the
treat
in
suitable
of the
purposes.
farther
decidedly says
Cont.
of
the
the
be
may
work,
out
eschar
a
or
are
sponge.
that
on
fasci-
ophthalmic
head, and
says,
as
principallyfor cleansing
595, and
this
an
possessed of
animal
of
relieve
laid
Arabians
The
Simpl. xi.)
an
was
in
fire
deterge
glands
or
medicinal
he
by which,
stopped. A sponge
useful
are
Hippocratic treatises
for the
under
interesting article
says
pitch,they
squeezed
sponge
process
of
used
S.
is the
to
passage
for other
gout (iv),and
an
He
with
tonsils
application to
an
as
hard
the
they
want
the
our
Of
lithontriptic.
are
with
In
as
of it. He
account
same
sponges
you
cases
ulcers.
that
is
water
same
the
Avicenna
recommends
burnt
that
the
officinalis.He
S.
sores;
that, when
and
to
and
when
that
the
dilatingfistulous
tents
the
in sponges
soft
that
opinion
(i,45.)
by Dioscorides, the
the
applied like
ophthalmy,
sponge
authorities
contrary, it is decidedly
in
does.
use
vii.
vegetables,Ebn
ancient
rocks,
author
sponge
'
in the
on
from
grows
culata, Pall.,and
truth
the
two
CoMM.
the
recommends
says
'
no
be
to
among
alone
animal, but
an
them
supposed
believe,stands
Baithar, we
'
ancients
the
'
[book
powers
is
to
the
nearly the
difi'erence
pompholyx.
same
between
as
the
thein
Pompholyx.
"
Etiamnum
in
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
Differentia
N.
et
spodon. Comm.
illota est."
paratur, spodos
in modern
name,
ivory. See
burnt
to
pompholygem
reperiuntur,quae vocant
quod pompliolyx lotura
serariis
(H.
353
Gray (Suppl. to
'"
"
'
plied
ap-
260), and
under
the
in modern
of the
of Tucia
general name
times.
and
eyes,
also
used
They
in
those
Tutty, Avliich
or
long
was
tained
re-
it very
about
the
freelyin diseases
See
genitalorgans.
that
ophthalmic
tutty ointment
to
even
pocratic writers
general
bus.)
The
the ashes
1. ult.
of
would
to
sense
our
has
times.
own
appear
various
continued
to
The
have
be
used
as
an
been
of the
recrements
spodium of the
the privet. See
to
appliedin
metals.
Arabians
would
Avicenna
(ii,
2, 609) ;
more
(De Ulcerito
seem
have
Khases
been
(Cont.
675.)
varietyof the
as
the
cultivated.
As
Daucus
Sprengel states,
Carota, L.,
quoted by Athenseus,
says
that
or
Wild
it is
it
is
undoubtedly a Comm.
Diphilus,
Carrot.
"
rately
acrid,nutritive,mode-
stomachic, laxative,flatulent,indigestible,
diuretic,and
that it proves
aphrodisiacal.
(Deipnos.ix, 2.) Pliny mentions
useful in strangury, dropsy,and several other complaints.(H. N.
Plinius Yalcrianus
given
XX, 15.)
says of it that it had been
in diseases of the liver,spleen, loins,and kidneys,in hydromel.
Our
author's
of its medicinal
account
(iv,32.)
propertiesis
from Dioscorides.
He recommends
it strongly
mostly condensed
and
as
a
diuretic,cmmenagogue,
aphrodisiac,and says of it,
III.
23
"
"
'
SIMPLES.
354
that
CoMM.
appliedper
[book
the
it procures
vaginam
expulsion of
the
vii.
fcetus.
'
'
Galen
5.2.)
(iiij
it
iii,18)
According
Carota
this is the
and
of
a.
MilHgan,
Beckmann's
decides
of the Daucus
whether
the
He
"
and
in the
kills the
medicinal
author
TTOCLGQV
and
instead
of the
plants
of
do
of
are
his
not
body,
temperaments
humid
H.
(Ad
says
make
is in
the
that
out
all
were
merely
doubts, however,
some
sometimes
applied to
shrub
the
resembling horehound,
Stachys Palestina,
gives exactly
the
same
Dioscorides
and
Galen,
says
but
of
all,its
it that
Hore-
Base
or
of
account
the
PHnv
is
xxiv, 86.)
identical,and
stachys, that
to
Grease
their
powers
treat
latter
its
marking
re-
the
pori'um
editor,Harduiu,
different
that
from
of
It is
quite clear,however,
accordingly Pliny, like the
it is
The
emmenagogue.
of it.
all
powers
animals.
it resembles
of
N.
seem
or
of
so
stachvs
Adipes, Fats,
human
In
It therefore
degree.
promotes
foetus,and expels the secundines.
marrubium;
the
Dioscorides.
Arabians
it.
to
it not
TT^aaiov,
that
other,
regard
his
for
used
the
that
us
third
properties as
of it that
that
both
Daucus.
is
It is the
Our
holds
with
also
not
Horehound,
Commentary.
hound.
to
appear
pastinaca
He
under
See, however,
is calefacient
drug
1. ult.
(ii^31)^ although
clearlyto
seems
"pastinaca" was
menstruation,
Celsus
otherwise
Carota.
varieties
Stachys, Base
"
(Cont.
our
of Invent.'
^Hist.
parsnip.
'
It would
guttatus.
CoMM.
the
it in
confirmation
'
of
speak
Rhases
of
account
same
Hippocrates comprehends
of
agrestis^'
"Pastinaca
editor^ Dr.
and
authorities
(ii,2, 287)
the
Dierbach^
to
Daucus
his
the
The
Eustathius
commentator
Serapion (c. 265.)
its aphrodisiacalproperties.(Ad Iliad, xviii, 560.)
mentions
the
Avicenna
See
terms.
same
give nearly
Arabian
The
author.
our
as
Aetius
and
kinds
vary
That
being
of
dilute
according
and
to
swine, then,
like those
of
the
warm
the
is
oil.
different
the
most
Hence
it
356
SIMPLES.
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
'
"
The
native
the
ancients
This
is
antimony
(v,99)
and
blephara.
circa
in the
Vis
"
in
see
of
the
the
factitious
author.
For
an
particular Dioscorides
It
xxxiii,33.)
likely
not
much
was
medicines
used
called
by
calli-
Pliny (1.c.)
authors
In
for this
the
Old
of
use
Testament
it.
None
the Jewish
of
the
Greek
Latin
N.
it is
it,and
ancient
anv
composition
censured
are
bv
with
that
oculos."
women
mineral
antimony,
Pliny (H.
ancients
the
rare
so
described
ancient
vii.
acquaintance
any
not
of the
account
is
antimony
had
is
[book
calcined
hence
itself is
supposed by
been
into
is to
as
say,
of
use
which
work.)
he
his
Galen
Hippocrates
head
(De
Vol.
authorities
the
and
(Exeg.)
I,
it
Affect.),that
errhines, to
the
60
this
59,
pp.
confined
and
recommends
Intern.
subsequent
been
have
to
seem
form,
square
by Hippocrates, as
rErpoywvov
expositors. See
partial. (See
was
with
would
use
or
ingredient in cajnitpurrjia,
an
But
pastilsof
called
(fficon.Hippocrat. 371.)
medicine
for purging the
Foes
as
made
was
metal
the
has
it
state
of
speak
him
to
of
its
cipal
prin-
collyria.
to
in
See
(CoUig. v,
purposes.
2ro(j3};,
Stoebe, Knapweed
the
fruit
and
leaves
desiccative
are
third
the
ear;
the
eye
in
from
opinion
stated
There
(Ad
who
Parkinson
by
hold
Antidot.
426,
Dioscorides.
(Theatre
T.
from
be
We
the
ii,ed.
of
them
pus
from
suggillationsof
considerable
of
Poterium
Basil.)Our
None
on
this
spinosum.
author^s
difference
head,
Plants, 998),
acquiesce in the
Galen, who,
(iv,12.)
been
authorities
iv, 12.)
it to
taken
has
modern
among
Dioscor.
in
use
Hence
blow.
'
'
it is of
cataplasm
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
and
in
the
fully
by Sprengel
judgment of those
See
notice
others
is
and
as
of
add
Galen
(De
of it is manifestly
indebted
anything
to
of
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
interest
of
Hippocrates nor
in those
of the
Celsus,
Galen
^rpovdiov.It
omitted
reader
Beckmann's
probabilitythat
represents it
use
in
be
famous
writer
that
who
of
it
in
should
place by
soap-plantused
ancient
We
times.
The
think
there
and
mentions
is every
spleen, and
tumours,
the
it acts
sialogogue.
as
the works
of
Harduin)
and
fully.
We
See
Hippocrates.
Celsus
have
way,
amusing example
an
as
not
been
able
(v, 18.)
Arabians
of
treat
its
virtues
hence
find
to
of
it in
in
lithontriptic,
application to indolent
masticatory, (ii,192.) By
Lucian
it
officinalis.Dioscorides
Saponaria
the
"
quotes only
discutient
a
detect
Comm.
in this
celebrated
cloth
of
author
our
is noticed
is the
to
works
19.)
(ii,
diuretic,emmenagogue,
sternutatory, and
the
which
of
able
Baithar,
Inventions.^
the
was
Ebn
the
interesting disquisitionon
very
diseases
remedy
for jaundice;
a
it
to
for
History of
'
been
we
singular
cleansers
or
in
occur
this head,
This
Galen.
find
will
not
have
nor
Struthium,
and
fullones
the
bv
does
under
appears
the
Dioscorides
It
Arabians, except
and
Dioscorides
have
it.
respecting
357
ed.
it very
Avicenna
used
times.
See Culpeper (172),Lewis
medicinallyin modern
(M. M. 339), and Gray (Suppl.to Pharmacop. 115.) Quincy
of it. (138.) In the
modern
account
gives a very confused
Greek
Pharmacopoeia it is still retained. (144.)
Stcechas, Cassidony,or
detergent,and
attenuant,
habit
whole
of the
it is
Lavender.
an
promotes
Lavender
strengthens all
it is dcobstruent
the
viscera
and
the
animal.
CoM.MENTAiiY.
French
French
It appcars
See
odoriferous
menstruation
to
be
Tournefort
herb
of
and
the
(M. M.)
Inttcr
relieves
Lavandula
taste.
pains of
Stcechas,or
Phny
He
the
adds
says
that
that
it
breast. (11.N.
OMM.
SIMPLES,
358
CoMM.
chest
"
(ii,28.) Galen
qualitiesas perceivedby
for antidotes,
and
remarks
its
on
in
it
Antidot.'
the
(i.)
same
and
alexipharmic,but
Med.
our
Mat.
the
modern
Greek
the
taste, and
See
it for
stiU
held
De
'
epilepsy
it possesses
purgative
these
in
place
It is retained
(ii,389.)
wrote,
mends
recom-
also
that
It
the
sensible
very
it is
degi'ee.
Lewis
when
some
vit.
of
Arabians
denies
Hill
Dr.
considerable
any
the
to
has
recommend
Rhases
According
diseases
author.
our
as
and
melancholy.
in
cases
Ancenna
and
powers
it for
recommends
Dioscorides
107.)
xxm,
'
'
[book
in
Pharmacopoeia.
^TOCtTltOTT]^,
Achillea,
of cold
Yarroiv
'folium,the
Our
the
is
however,
of
the
that
land
Pistia
dressing wounds.
author
copies
almost
Regarding
the
free
wounds
it preserves
oedema
in
These
plants are
101.)
Hippocrates, Celsus, nor
discover,with
can
of
The
Pistia
date.
See
as
with
its
Solanum
Cherry
cooling in
the
the
and
far
as
merely
(ii,30),
hemorrhoids.
for
character
down
M.
108.)
(?),Nightshade (?),or
garden
second
of
(M.
works
Galen
yarrow
The
cui'es
place in
to
late
It still holds
Pharmacopoeia (109.)
Greek
modern
the
the
Baithar, who
Ebu
says
and
authorities,as
cataplasm
ancient
Lewis
characters
Dioscorides
in
Dioscorides
from
and
Quincy (92)and
Strychnos,
Winter
found
Arabian
exception of
the
dysuria,
in
place in
and
of the
finem.)
vinegar, (iv,100,
with
who
Dispensatory
oiu:
be
to
See
not
AchiUes
Galen, who,
inflammation,
from
the
got
by
for the
plant,
water
Mille-
xi, ad
from
Dioscorides
Rhases,
demulcent
word
for
used
Iliad,
(ad
cataplasm
this head
under
givesextracts
and
word
to
yarrow.
herb
tinates
agglu-
fistulse.
millefoil
The
Eustathius
it
Achillea
decidedly the
and
hemorrhages
Stratiotes.
possessed
hence
astringency;
is
equalh' indebted
erysipelasand
we
has
is
in water
grows
it for
use
from
of Achillea
name
in
river
which
land
The
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
the
Some
ulcers.
'
but
powers,
that
and
esculent
degree.
The
Alkekengi,
sort
is
halicacabum
i.
e.
astringent
is like
the
garden, haAnng
The
of the
bark
Avith wine
a
of
seed, being
like the
of
of the
is
dram
vine.
when
druuk
And
soporific.
order
third
of
grape
somnifera
Strychnos
the
amount
359
fruit
diuretic
root
the
to
diuretic
it has
hence
refrigerants
;
of
sions
quantity than twelve clusters it occafourth
The
madness.
speciesis not used internally,but
spreading ulcers,belonging
applied externallyit cures
when
druuk
when
to
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
the
in greater
second
of
order
Commentary.
desiccants.
refrigerantsand
We
not
must
venture
discussion
the
upon
Comm.
'
of
Greek
far
they are
species described
four
hortensis,is
2d,
S.
Furialis,is
the
author
in the
of the
to
follow
not
administer
an
external
of
the
the
as
the
and
things
the
3d,
or
4th,
learned
or
rities,
autho-
Belladonna,
of the
treats
dare
we
The
instance.
tempt
at-
not
first he
The
third, he
poppy.
The
the
and
to
in
it is
(iv,72-5.)
large
Celsus
Graeci
arovyvov
Avhich repress and
second,
fourth
he
has
says,
doses
undiluted
siriasis of
the
eye,
The
juice of
vomited,
of
virtue.
dehrium,
quam
affections
albus, "c.
counter-agent
so
the
does
recommends
it very largelyas
but
internally,
herpes, headache, heat
applicationfor erysipelas,
fluor
the
first in
present
the
the
Atropa
that
great length
so
in the
him
stomach,
earache,
at
and
Dioscorides, who
follows
main
Strychni
the
taken
Several
Sodomeeum.
Solaniim
have
Physalis alkekengi ;
Physalis somnifera
is the
however,
virtues
is the
Halicacabum,
or
Solanum
the
somniferum,
Our
shall
we
interesting to
as
the
and
Lexicon,
the
same
on
fatal.
drunk
wine
says, resembles
brings
proves
chilch*en,
powers
phantasies
The
and
best
afterwards
frequentlyprescribes "solanum
vocant,"
soothe,
it
ranks
and
33.)
(ii,
He
those
among
recommends
it
(iii,
applicationin phrenitisand various other diseases,
of it
and
account
Aetius
18.) Galen
give nearly the same
his description
autlior.
Oribasius
as
our
confessedlyborrows
from
Dioscorides.
The
Arabians
treat
fullyof the solanum,
five species,(ii,2,
of which
Avicenna
mentions
that there are
as
an
646.)
662) ;
Rhases
Baithar
(Cont.
1. ult.
212.)
(ii,
The
i,
360
CoMM.
SIMPLES.
characters
so
well
not
which
with
middle
call solanum
He
with
Dioscorides.
used
as
been
ever
Latin
retained
need
we
writers
of maurella.
name
of
See
it is
the
jNIacer
possessed of
nigrum
the
toxicologistshave
See
Orfila.
held
characters
not
are
used
The
decided
mitted
trans-
that
The
medicinallyin
stated
as
of the
See
tumours.
power,
aware
it is
applicationto inflammatory
an
The
main
it from
narcotic.
(Ibid.)
the
Greeks, that
strychnos that
properties. The Solanum
Oiu'
in India
in
vii.
See
century.
Parkinson, and
powerful
the
the
Dispensatories, and
our
down
as
the
by
of
says
powerfully narcotic
place in
plants agree
these
given to them by
slightdifferences.
note
ages
rioridus.
of
those
to
stop
they give
[book
Solanum
by Dioscorides.
Sodomasum
modern
to
having
times, but
need
we
has
scarcelysay that of late years the Atropa Belladonna
no
imdistinguished place in our Dispensatories.
the Strychnos furiosu as a poison, see
Vol. II, p. 224.
cupied
oc-
On
SruTTTJjpta,
Alumen,
Alum
of gross
particles.
consists
of
Alumen
The
CoMM.
rotundum,
him
the
best
in
The
the
ancients
latter from
need
common
the
could
the
both
being
the
alum,
copperas
this
of gross
parts
and
not
it has
we
cannot
we
the
upon
it with
what
or
very
Beckmanu
agree
with
alum
green
and
is in the
cannot
remained
never
of
modern
been
sulphateof
always distinguishaccurately
mineral
Mediterranean,
that
astragolotum.
consists
ancient
sulphate of
possiblyhave
scarcelyadd
Alum,
it is the
and plinthitis.
placitis
much
that
has
ha\ing read
After
called
consist
Stone
others.
and
and
sour,
consideringhow
upon
the
Alum,
authorities
settingit down
iron.
very
still
diffidence.
written
Round
or
are
scissile,
or
parts than
After
subject,we
great
has
by
it
alumen
the
varieties
Commentary.
wTitten
of
also the
so
this
But
subtile
more
Alumen
and
all kinds
been
potash,'^but
countries
conceive
how
ignorant of it,and
pretended that it
dering
borthe
we
has
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
been
descrilDecl
varieties
Hair
much
diftered
called
pkimosum,
kinds
the
other
of
round.
hairs
The
filaments.
or
Alumen
Octavius
burns
to
the
of
when
"c.)
other
Our
descriptionof
and
power,
also
of the
and
strengthen
beneficial
are
minutely
in
the
the
in form
Alum
texture.^'
as
alum.
cation
appli-
an
used
was
in
Hippocrates
the
of
Ulcer.,
Dioscorides
gives
and
kinds
and
gums,
Mulieb., De
different
small
plumose
alum
Galen.
being
their
of
teeth
loose
also
see
purposes
N.
vinegar
short, he
which
to
PHny (H.
hemorrhages,
with
in
than
powerful
more
and
aphthse; and,
various
the alumen
the
diseases
mortifications
they stop
flaccid gums,
On
schistose
elsewhere, the
round
and
into
rare
more
earliest times.
the
two
in medicine.
uses
borrows
was
(Epid. vii,De
from
of
nesia
mag-
by
was
divided
oil.
womb,
purposes.
author
elaborate
most
the
from
of the
of
was
with
the
pure
either
was
recommend
pounded
prescribesit in ulcers
alum
Arabians
Horatianus
practice of medicine
for various
the
one
kind
appeared
kind
round
the
fissile natural
The
the
concreted
or
globe, or
Jameni
and
Pliny
The
uniform
compact,
ancients
distinguished,according to
fissile and
sulphates of
'^of liquid,
alum
alum
the
repress
honc}^;
or
states
be
may
most
applied.
Avicenna
consult
]Milligan. For the Arabians
(ii,2, 68) ; Averrhoes
(Colhg. v, 43) ; Serapion (De Simpl.
Abbas
(Cont. 1. ult. 38) ;
420) ; Haly
(Pract. ii,44) ; Rhases
Ebn
Paithar
(ii,83.) All of these authors, even
including the
with
the
last, do
of
little
than
more
this head.
under
some
with
note
appearance
considera])le
process
alluded
Servitor,
of
copy
from
Geber, however,
of
and
originalit}^,
accuracy.
and
Dioscorides
treats
of
describes
the
Galen
subject witli
the kinds
of alum
(i.)
Comm.
'
anah^sis
the
the
that
the
solid
The
impure.
ancients
of
doulit
no
to
its
Alumen
The
was
according
large mixture
GeofFroy
notice of by
taken
are
Greeks,
remarks
iron.
and
the
which,
But
name.
another.
one
Tpiyjrigby
Klaproth, contains
other
any
from
Werner,
of
salt
under
tliem
by
361
which
Gebcr
is
The
barely
and
by
calefacient,emollieut,
is
Storax,
It
Commentary.
is
'
"
officinale.Dr. Pereira
substance
as
so
correctly,
the
present
has
been
which
The
Pereira
these, Dr.
are
we
mentioned
by
leave
he
As
931.)
pessary.
Shjrax
or
history of
little further
us
promotes
storax,
ancient
the
and
this
add
under
states, the
storax
to
described
Dioscorides.
to
(]Mat. Med.
head.
officinal
clearlyour
has
given
vii.
fore
It there-
digestive.
in
menstruation
CoMM.
and
is useful
'
[book
SIMPLES.
362
the
in
author
our
of
kinds
ingeniously refers to
The
still acquainted.
storax, Avitli
Calamita
Stijrax
Section
eleventh
is
according
it is but
him
and
the
authorities
Greek
other
treat
of
it like
author.
our
much
practicalimportance
of any
by Dioscondes
Serapion (c. 46)
ult.
i,687)
account
Ebn
appears
Eben
Isaac
Dr.
Avicenna
(Collig.v, 42)
Averrhoes
written
been
(ii,2, 423)
Ehases
on
(Cont.
in their
Chi'istiaus
to
had
what
See
Galen.
and
it
to
Hill, is
for
churches
the
only
ing
accord-
fumigations.AAdcenna,
one
among
the
Arabians
dis-
who
have
been
we
treating of
tiiiguishesthe solid storax, which
It is quite a different
the liquid,or
from
Styrax Uquidus.
the
Liquid amher
orientcde,
substance, being procured from
according to Dr. Lindley. (Veg. King. 253.)
2u/ca,
Ficus, Figs
in
about
the
digest hard
and
the
those
second
tumours
discutient.
consistence
which
of
are
degree.
;
those
The
honey
But
which
dried
those
are
decoction
(which
some
possess
which
more
acrid
of them,
call
heating powers
are
fatty rather
prove
when
gent
deter-
made
is
siraeon),
of
similar
364
SIMPLES.
Comfrey
Symphytum,
opposite
powers.
it cleanses
the
also
and
the
which
trachea.
which
by
and
kidneys;
it has
Coris
They
great
corides
second
Great
is used
which
from
all agree
virtues
as
is
Comfrey,
for the
same
has
commending
and
the
in
both
latter
Matthiolus
that
it
manifestly abridges
he
improves what
being possessed
as
vulnerary
the
subject
satisfied
are
author
the
and
the
doubt,
no
been
(526)
Dioscorides, but
in
indisputably
Romans,
We
Our
expectorant
about
other
iv, 9.)
particularlycommends
inflammations
the
Parkinson
monspeliensis.
is
species
The
See
Dioscor.
borrows
who
hot
some
asperitiesin
cures
the
It
squills.
country.
Sprengel (Ad
takes.
like
controversy.
the
and
also
rock.
in this
more
Galen,
of
of
composed
powers
contains
species,called
a
officinale,
plant
naturalized
was
thirst
The
Symphytum
and
quenches
other
Commentary,
of
tlie
It
prurient
the
as
purposes
it
The
glutinous and
"
and
hernia.
intestinal
humidity, by
'
incisive
some
chest
is
comfrey
renders
it a suitable
constringency which
remedy
and
the
red
flux in
haemoptysis,sprained
ruptured parts^
women^
CoMM.
it has
in the
pus
rock
vii.
some
for
For
the
[book
as
medicines.
an
Dios-
applicationto
them,
regard
to
in
but
anus
the
their medicinal
main
agrees
Adrtues,more
with
Dioscorides
in haemoptysis,
especially
intestines,meuorrhagia,
and
ulcers
of
external
Arabians
The
in general
2, 634.)
injuries,(ii,
have
attached
much
importance to the Symphytum,
examination
while writing this article,we
cursory
to
not
after
able
been
not
Baithar,
Galen,
Latin
it
the
such
who
under
find
to
merely
the
the
of
any
gives
present
extracts
head.
as
the
an
applicationto
others
from
Apuleius
except
seem
for^
have
Ebn
Dioscorides
mentions
and
that
the
is consolida.
De
Hill calls
Symphytum
famous
vulnerary both internallyand externally,and as
older herbalists.
it is highly commended
See
by all our
name
of
the
Parkinson, Culpeper,
the
it in
with
other
medicine
vulnerary.
and
Gerard.
species,the Coris
of the Spanish
See
It would
monspeliensis,
monastic
appear
was
orders
as
also
that
employed
an
in
efiicacious
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
and
into
it
injectedinto
are
Heracleum
mend
it
in
the
draws
by
works
from
Ebn
medicinal
1. ult.
herb,
ancients,in the
ceased
is it to be
second
doubt
ulcers.
of its
Pliny
ulcers, and
We
order
(ii,24.)
The
in the
met
not
our
Lentisk,
in
give
it
with
it
does
As
its
tracts
ex-
the
is described
it
to
herbalists,but
all
of desiccants.
other
Dioscorides.
ascribed
old
'
Avicenna
Rhases
sphondylium
virtues
Comm.
*
English
in
a
our
place
Dispensatory.
modern
Greek
Pharmacopoeia.
in the
the
Galen,
possessed of the
of
being
recom-
Oribasius
have
of
"
and
and
put
flowers
i, G36.)
occupy
found
Lentiscus,
and
works
to
in
Baithar,
Dioscorides
(Cont.
long
to
Galen
author.
our
chronic
and
of
(ii,2, 643.)
as
with
Dioscorides
author.
our
juice
of the
reason
fistulous
its bark
the
same.
The
possessed
are
asthma, epilepsy,
stripped of
no
applicationto
an
characters
same
seems
root
cure
agreeing
as
Sphondylium.
mentioned
cases
the
as
ears
There
Commentary.
the
the
to
as
its callus.
fistula,removes
so
root, Avhen
The
jaundice.
fruit and
the
Spondylinm, Coio-parsniji;
acrid
and
cutting powers,
of
365
parts, belongs
by
as
the
it has
Neither
the
to
full
the
admission
of
that
it is the
mention
Hippocrates was
Pliny says that
of the
and
bowels.
that
teeth,
the
well
He
of
The
to
of
mastich
the
in
it
is
medical
of it
by
in
Plinius
appear,
that
jNIartial,
peculiar
virtues
mastich
tree
Defuerit, denies
sed
penna
si tibi frondea
levare
cuspis
potest."" (xiv,22.)
loose
Valerianus
it would
of the
of it,
toothache,
fastened
Dentiscalpium
melius
procured.
constipation
used
gargle
scarcely
use
occasions
was
'
need
(i,89.) Nay,
toothpick made
"
that
is stated
Dioscorides
Lcntiscum
with
its leaves
same
following epigram
ascribed
which
diuretic,but
also mentions
decoction
by
from
tree
as
We
commentators.
acquainted
it acts
(xxiv,28.)
(i,30), and
all the
to
from
were
'
"
'
"
is tlie author
Dioscorides
CoMM.
'
'
on
[book
SIMPLES.
366
this
article,which
written
has
wlio
in
recommends
he
VII.
elaborately
most
haemoptysis,diarrhoea,
class
same
he
tree, which
this
example,
of
largely of it,but
(Collig.V, 42)
it
as
Paris
See
suppress
the
it among
the
Arabians
information
(ii,2, 453)
from
Rhases
Ebn
Baithar
dentifrice
odontalgic, and
and
it still is used
(Pharm.
t.
Greek
in the modern
casions,
oc-
Serapion
that
scarcelymention
to
All
their
Avicenna
See
Galen.
and
Dioscorides
of
most
copy
ranks
(ii,
33.)
substances,
emollient
astringent and
various
on
its leaves
He
account
astringent of the
an
prescribesit
decoction
sensible
very
be
to
represents
immoderate
stated
gives a
hypocistis. Celsus
as
as, for
treat
also
in the
ii,323) and
poses.
pur-
(1184.)
It is
it is cultivated
that
Pharmacopoeia
need
for these
East
Pereira
we
in Chios.
'S.yoivog,
Juncus, the Rush
astringent in
of
nature
and
but
oxyschoenus
that
of the
'
"
'
"
"
of the
It
the
with
Schceni
(Antiq. of
Royle
Kingd. 113.)
oXo(7/oivoCjthe
Juncus
acutus.
as
who
The
aXna
a.
Schoenus
The
medicine.
represents it
as
Med.
maris
cus
first of these
Thus
being useful
is the
in
to
confound
See
Lemon-grass.
or
and
it is the
ache.
head-
wine, dry up
not
82) and
fruit
discharge.
Schoenus
is the
The
flower
Schoenanthus, then, is
Schoenanthus,
Hindoo
with
attention
The
another.
female
the
the
it also occasions
drunk
and
requires some
one
diuretic,em-
called,is soporific,
it is
as
restrain
it is
varieties.
of two
Hard-rush,
belly and
from
astringent,but
more
consists
or
the
removed
in
it is
holoschoenus
Commentary.
CoMM.
is not
Hence
varieties,if toasted
Both
fluxes
of
root
marsh-rush
The
the
and
deobstruent
The
cataplasms.
hotter.
degree,
attenuating substances.
menagogue,
of
less
moderately calefacient,but
is
its flower
Lindley (Veg.
Holoschoenus
the
vomiting
the
the
h^vdy^oivoq,
species most
schoenus
of
of
brated
cele-
Dioscorides,
blood, pains
of
SIMPLES.
111.]
SECT.
the
sessed
and
of
similar
inflammations
The
other
not
this the
Dierbach
and, indeed,
The
with
along
Arabians
other
display
schoenanths.
See
of
De
Antidot.
succinctly. Is
ing
(v,24.) Accord-
authorities,it
Mulieb.
i.)
i. 111),
in diseases
who
is the
mends
recom-
of the
uterus.
intimate
an
Avicenna
the
acquaintance with
Rhases
(Cont. 1. ult. i,681);
(ii,2) ;
Averrhoes
(ColHg. v, 42 ) ; Ebn
gives a particularlyfull
these
of
from
it, mostly
best
all the
aromatics
it very
of
of Celsus
(i,16.)
treat
hipbath
gives a
as
Galen
rotundi'^
junci
says, is useful
womb,
authorities
flos
"
'
of the
of its virtues.
Greek
as
'
decoction, he
Its
powers.
account
to
kidneys, and
diuretic,eramenagogue,
other
in
a.
367
Arabian
authorities.
all
They
in
and
representingit as being diuretic, emmenagogue,
in apostemes
alexipharmic,and in recommending it particularly
agree
of
the
in
remoAdng
and
anus,
in
scabies.
lassitude.
Dispensatory as
late
Lewis
(ii,20.)
Upon
above,
it will be
seen
Sori,
grosser
resembles
what
Misy.
schoenanth
the
times
as
that
We
have
we
its
deserves
feel that
said
of
our
and
quoted
in the
consisting
still add
must
we
substance
this
to
not
to
appears
be
have
structure, of
and
often
It is
composed
overlooked
under
of
with
well
East.
of
much
of
and
We
have
it is not
regarded. It was
Greeks, and is so by the Turks
it vomits
instantaneously and
\^triol,and
hence
at
used
as
this time.
or
mixt
spongy
the
on
surface.
matter.
The
Derbyshire mines,
depilatoryby the
Taken
inwardly
roughly ; it contains
quality.^' Boerhaavc's
"
'"
it,
vitriolic taste;
earthy
an
our
its emetic
of
Comm.
modern
Sory.
nauseous,
it in
very
head
great
cavernous
efflorescences
dusty
Aatriol,sulphm*, and
it sory.
the
or
something
acquainted with
Rusma
and
disagreeablesmell,
covered
called
been
"
cupreous
authors
known
powers,
in
place
(i,1, 12)
modern
it is still well
in
Quincy
authority,who
but
held
of
consulting the
say, is efficacious
particles.
The
ancients
oil, they
The
misy
Commentary.
to
Its
"
"
'
SIMPLES.
368
Materia
CoMM.
""
'
"
"
INIedica^ translated
possessed of caustic
and
as
(v, 118.)
sciatica,"c.
chalcitis, but
and
medicinal
and
Galen,
head
of
that
he
Rhases,
like
in
His
only
that
it dries
fatal.
other
gives from
and
the
calls
it in
strongly,and
lungs
1. ult.
It
i, 747.)
the
is
and
of
this
his
meaning
48.) The
is mostly
made
Avicenna.
(ii,510.)
different
He
good
any
smell
of
it is
have
way
Like
reason.
thing
and
so
excite
of it will sometimes
thought
rubeum
of
translation
proper
any
(Pract. ii,
gives
the
of them
as
Dioscorides,
he
as
the
we
N.
and
Pliny
can
see,
recommends
of the
stomach,
vomiting. (H.
of
sory
far
to
prove
may
Dioscorides, Galen,
spreading ulcers
offensive
like
\dtriolum
vitriols.
Baithar
others, but,
the
teeth
Ebn
from
extracts
Some
of the
diseases
says
of
up
three
of the
which
account
that
from
without
it in
lengthy
description
sciatica.
in
the
Galen
general head
Averrhoes.
of
and
(c. 386.)
vitriolum
the
the
ruflfum,and,
says
in
of
and
teeth
authority, Bimasui,
(vi,9.)
Galen,
under
carious
in
opium,
rubeum
Zeg
vitriolum
sory,
misy
scribes
Serapion dethe general
Dioscorides
chalcitis
in
them
diseases
under
two
and
sory,
like
from
that
Dioscorides
Arabian
(Cont
the
above
translates
recommends
the
stated
with
manner,
wine
and
of
He
Dioscorides,
sciatica
specificname
descriptionof misy,
of vitriolum.
in
in
the
vitriolum,and
merely
soluble
differ
insoluble
it is
have
along
soiy
it in toothache,
says
We
2, 47.)
(ii,
the
materially
prescribes it
Dioscorides, he
teeth,
as
it is not
says
not
galbanura
like
Avicenna,
Galen
under
injectionwith
an
vii.
nauseating,
lie recommends
vari, as
Celsus
powers.
pepper,
powers
does
See
(227.)
blackish^ fetid,and
it
applicationto
an
Goade
by
calls
Dioscorides
Chalcitis,
[book
that
mouth.
the
very
xxxiv, 30.)
Tapis^ot,
Salsamenta, Pickles;
their
flesh
is
possessed
of
acrid
and
advantage
powers.
to
persons
They
bitten
are
by dogs
and
other
reptiles.
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
Pickled
Commentary.
and
on
all
it
Dioscorides
as
It appears
tunny
{Scomber Thynnus)
accordinglymost
best
the
medical
an
from
Fish.
Dioscorides
Comm.
"
was
"""^
ac-
used
in
pickle,and it was
the brine of pickled fish
practice. Galen recommends
lotion to sores
injectionin dysentery,and a stimulant
of
account
Serapion gives the same
parts of the body.
counted
as
the
that
Xenocrates
369
and
Galen.
Seth
Svmeon
forbids
to
us
eat
scabies.
It
if taken
be
may
seems
into
stomach
the
and
rapidly absorbed,
humours,
of which
by castingthem
natm'e
forth
the
veins
the
rise
give
the
to
endeavour
may
by
when
formation
free
to
empty,
are
the
of
system
skin.
TavooKoWa,
TaurocoUa
(calledby
from
made
detergent
from
and
and
auribus
ex
eflScacius
Pliny
prodest
Avicenna
author.
says
and
vinegar,it
it prevents
it,
triturated
biu-ns
It is also
with
Glutiuum
"
moves
re-
oxymel.
prastantissi-Comm.
taurorum
ambustis."
recommend
It will
in
stance
sub-
considerably
in hot water.
Avhen
of
glutinous
is of
dissolved
dissolved
when
applicationfor wounds
fit
and
superficial
leprosies
;
Commentary.
mum
of oxen,
when
Hence,
getting inflamed
suitable
hides
the
powers.
lichen
XylocoUa),is
some
it in
the
mentioned
cases
perceived that
readilybe
it
was
by our
species of
gelatin.See KoAXa.
TfXXii'ca,
Tellinse,Limpets ;
caustic
from
the
when
which
mixed
the
cedar
L.
eclules,
and
is
are
author^s
ashes
appliedto
have
been
different,however,
from
the
torn
are
parts
out
by
from
account
repeated by
of them
is taken
are
the
from
speciesCoM\f.
Mytili
is
heating
in
the
second
24
'
corides,
Dios-
Avicenna.
Tcrebinthus, Turpentine,
111.
and
their
eyebrows
growing again.
to
INIatthiolus,
According
they
They
Our
rosin
of the
mussels.
burnt,
pickled and
with
hairs
Commentary.
of
when
degree,
'
'
SIMPLES.
370
and
desiecative,when
the
The
second.
of
in
green,
fniit,when
desiccants.
[book
first,but
the
dried, belongs
It
when
the
to
and
VII.
dried, in
third
useful
order
for
the
spleen.
It
Commentary.
CcMM.
"
'
"
corides
He
recommends
Of
the
The
ancients, as
the hroitm
of the
urine, and
(H.
N.
from
as
Our
xxiv, 18.)
Galen.
rosin
turpentine
He
author^s
and
303)
Rhases
article
this
diseases
adds,
the
under
copies from
(ii,144.)
ing
(i,91.) Accordthe tui'peutine
Dioscorides.
it is
condensed
especiallythe resin,
more
occm"
also
in the
in
applications
2,
(ii,
used
Avicenna
See
i, 342.)
head
same
of
excitat.^^
venerem
of
ulcers.
1. ult.
(Cont.
of the
familiar
"
account
and
head
it in retention
They
frequentlyprescribedby Celsus.
much
Turpentine was
Hippocratic treatises.
cutaneous
phalangia.
very
was
are
to
the
the
recommends
turpentines,and
The
under
Dios-
aphrodisiacal.
of
stated^ were
have
Pliny likewise
gentle laxative.
ancients.
the
treated
we
to Dr.
bites
rosin,called cohphony.
hJack
or
L.
and
hot, diui'etic,
is
have
we
Terebinthus
Pistacia
internallyfor
it
turpentine resin
Resinae.
with
its fruit
that
states
is the
Serapion
with
lentiscus.
the
See
Ebn
give
them
of
treats
He
Baithar
TfTTtysCj
Cicadas
in
an
and
some,
colic affections
equal
give
the
to
of
number
them
dried
them
number
of
having
drink
to
of
grains
three, five,or
Others
pepper.
who
those
to
raw,
have
to
drink
seven,
with
them
roast
affections
of the
bladder.
'
"
the
Romans
but
the
not
was
insect
the
and
The
Commentary.
CoiiM.
"
has
grasshopper,as
which
has
been
the
been
cicada
often
of
presented,
re-
properly called
more
the
view, would
author
the
of
in
present
our
Galen.
foUows
works
of them
suit
Celsus,
an}^
of
purpose.
the
have
we
been
Arabians, with
Our
xi, 32.)
(H. N.
not
occur
able
to
discover
the
exception of
in
traces
Ebn
Dioscorides, like
Herbis, 56.)
CoMM.
'
'
author,
our
recommends
vir.
it for
plied
apgiven internallyand when
spleen,both when
also
and
as
an
applicationto
externallyin a cataplasm,
animals,
bites of venomous
110.) Our author borrows
(iii,
the
reducing
"
[book
SIMPLES.
372
the
of
works
either
found
it in the
of
the
Dioscorides, and
the
since
the
long
is
have
we
the
Sontheimer,
identifies
It
{\\,466.)
Teucrium.
his
of
IS'either
Dr.
Baithar,
Ebn
Chum^dnjs
the
with
Murum
Arabians.
it in the
discover
to
Celsus.
of
or
of the
works
able
been
not
Hippocrates
translator
German
with
have
'We
Galen.
from
Teucrhun
T.
flamim
Teucrhun
Mariim
from
our
Pharmacop. 49.)
Ticpoa,
Cinis, Ashes;
thev
but
that
has
been
oak
and
the
they
"
That
fig and
the
of
Cineres
in
of
they
and
are
useful
Our
pungency.
Rhases
in
the
says
dissoMng
the
also
ashes
of
mezereon
in
author
different
physiciansas
that
of
contrary
them, and
the
author.
quinsy,and
from
Avicenna
a
stimulant
Mansor.
latter work
as
were
igneous nature,
an
(Ad
his
him
They
and
caustic
have
is terrene
cineres.
they possess
In
remains
borrows
soft tumours.
pearlashes,consisting
various
impurities.
stances
of vegetable subresidue
with
strained, what
and
is at
detergent.
in
they have something terrene
When, then^ they
a
fuhginous nature.
water
that
of the
ashes
the
of
particular characters
used
much
by the ancient
applications,
the
are
astringency,so
other
remedy
as
the
as
were
mixed
potass
been
have
dissolved
devoid
and
These
for that
qualities,
also something of
and
acrid
more
which
been
such
become
that
no
substances^
spurge
remarks,
Galen
when
acrid
of
of
tlie wood
of
things,such
sour
degree
from
carbonate
the
small
no
hemorrhage
Commentary.
'
'
ilex,ha^e
the
to
ment,
tempera-
same
difference
ashes, then, of
The
burnt.
exactly the
not
according
varv
restrain
hand.
CoMM.
'
will
have
all kinds
he
iii,
47.)
borrows
recommends
stimulant
to
the
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
The
sight.
See
class.
and
Kovta*
Tpu^
is
Telephium^ Orpine,
a
suitable
alphos with
CoMMENTARV.
it is not
Sedum
the
also Parkinson
in
the
forms
with
agree
works
of
either
been
able
of
of
thelopium of
the
Hippocrates
Ebn
Comm,
this
to
and
'
'
leuce
cures
and
his
as
See
'
'
principally
characters
of
in
occur
Celsus, neither
we
of
the
be
it
translator
it
the
have
it in those
German
Coxmm.
'
minor.
it
not
of
and
Sprengel,that
Cerinthe
traces
it is
hence
highly probable,
seems
Baithar,
and
Galenas
of
or
order, but
first
It does
distinct
any
belong
recommends
author.
our
unless, which
Arabians,
the
Sibthorp
Dioscorides
observe
to
with
leprosy, (ii,217.)
those
septicmedi-
"
detergent ;
Telephium, but
(520.)
of
putrid ulcers,
think
We
the
onov.
It is also
applicationto
vinegar.
of
one
of wine
lees
calefacient
second.
of the
desiccant
burnt
The
(ii,2, 188.)
cines.
says, is
ciueris,he
aqua
373
the
tures,
conjec-
(ii.161.)
Tj^Aic,
Foenum
but
desiccative
all hot
in the
phlegmons
scirrhous, it
are
It
Celsus, who
by
cures
it
enumerates
in
cataplasm
external
of the
as
of its decoction
bowels, and
account
but
that
of
not
Damon
for
and
the
the
gave
whole
TrigoneUa
Hippocrates. (De
Foenum
"
as
Fosnum
Comm.
jSIulieb.
Grsecum'^
"
of
nally.
internallyand exterpowder of it in the form
inflammations, both
as
a
a
medicated
in
pessary
and
fetid
(ii,125.)
purposes,
its medicinal
such
an
for tenesmus
other
hot, and
Arctseus, both
various
organs,
of
progress
emollient
ingredient in an
It is
soothing cataplasm, (ii,33.)
as
ingredient in
an
female
it is the
of
works
recommends
to
less
are
Dioscorides
a
expedites the
which
doubt
prescribed repeatedly by
of
it
discussingthem.
in the
occurs
pessary
those
Without
It
i, 617.)
and
Commentary.
Grcecum.
first ; hence
order,
virtues,in which
is derived
its seeds
in
from
draught
internal
bath
the
same,
diseases
an
tion
injec-
dischargesfrom
Pliny gives a
a
considerable
Dioscorides.
to
for
and
promote
He
the
full
tion
por-
says
menstrua-
'
*
tion.
CoMM.
its
mentions
also
He
in ulceration
being taken
vii.
of the
'
^"^^
[book
SIMPLES.
374
chest
V,
chronic
and
42)
Baithar
Ebn
Avicenna,
especially
not
appear
had
been
at
treat
authors, and
these
Though
(i,333.)
than
cases
as
they
they appliedit in many more
ever,
it,howThey recommend
taught by the Greeks.
oil of roses, as an
appKcation to burns, and as an
that
with
fetor of
ingredient in coUyria. They say the oil of it cures
and of the alvine discharges.
the perspiration,
and
the breath
and
it as being diuretic, emmenagogue,
They all commend
promoting impregnation. They further represent it as being
an
to
It has
authorities.
ancient
assigned
the
it
to
by
pensatory,
disappeared from our Disthe Greek
Pharmacopoeia.
now
in
is still retained
but
in his time
that
seen
characters
the
still maintained
fenugreek
the
it will be
ence
refer-
Upon
excellent
(Athens, 1837.)
Tithymalli,Spurges
of
order
the
to
the
they
for
and
of teeth
hollow
it
burn
They
like, and
clear
and
ill-conditioned
but
therefore
and
time.
short
the
when
The
teeth.
of carious
and
acrimony
calefacients,with
being weaker,
root
pains
T^idv/LiciAXoi,
all the speciesof
also
away
it
of the
are
strong bitterness
they
the
remove
hairs
if rubbed
the
affections
of
skin, and
the
There
cure
being
seven
{Wood
and
that
in order
PettymuUein {Broad-leaved
Cyparissias{Cypress Spurge), and then the
resembles
and
{Sea Spurge),
Maritimus
in
myrmecia, acrochordoues,
remove
Sjmrge), and
but
with
phagedainic ulcers.
Spurge), and
growing upon
species which
are, that
vinegar,allays the
juicesbeing stronger are appHed
the rest of the body
if they touch
boiled
this
species of
fourth
the
or
Wurtwort.)
^'^
"
That
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
referable
to
the
genus
the
Tithymalliof
Euphorbia
or
the
Spurge,
ancients
cannot
are
admit
all
of
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
doubt,
any
2. E.
word,
of
Comm.
^
seven
give the
to
nomenclature
E.
5.
helioscojna.
venture
in
describe
Paulus,
our
may
Eiqjhorbiacharacias.
1.
E.
we
botanical
the
in
names
4.
wliicli
species,to
medicinal
time.
like
autliorities,
ancient
of the
most
375
ing
follow-
the
present
myrsinites. S. E.paralias.
6.
cypcmssias.
E.
dendroides.
7.
authors
full
treated
The
of
at
(Celsus
nearly the
giving them
part
to
For
the
Arabians,
(ii,2, 421)
42)
1. ult.
(Cont.
(1.c.)
Baithar
Ebn
noticed
are
i, 718)
They
an
in
agree
in
Dioscorides, and
in part to
them
and
author, who,
our
Avicenna
Averrhoes
in
by Hippocrates.
see
Rhases
of
as
These
for
space
All, however,
characters
same
Several
Galen.
possiblyfind
cannot
we
is indebted
present instance,
gives
so
and
7),
v,
Pliny, who
See
particular views.
their
by particular
tithymallus was
N.
spurges.
authorities,that
other
exposition of
v,
the
of
account
plants are
the
spurge
''
"
the
of
peplis,thymelsea,"c.
lathyris,
marina"
"lactuca
by the Romans
lactuca
lactaria"
and
caprina."
called
species
as
names,
also
other
several
of
treat
recommend
(Collig.
them
in
the
views of
supplying any new
much
importance. They prescribe a few drops of the juice of
mend
recoma figas a phlegmagogue. They further
spurge poured upon
with caries
in malignant ulcers and those attended
them
be allowed
And
to
of the bones.
here, by the way, we
may
that
mention
Greeks,
authority confirms
modern
without
of
say
the
as
cases
same
(x,c.
the
as
ourselves
upon
whether
spurges,
to
in this
the
or
not
ancients
Hildanus
See
case.
discarded
have
wisely
Avhat
such
will
we
tives
purganot
take
say.
TtVai'Ot,',
Calx,
to
form
not
so
flesh.
with
Lime
eschars
after
When
water;
some
the
; when
days.
washed
but
Calx
viva
{Qmcklime)
slacked, it forms
It contracts,
it loses
it becomes
strongly so
eschars
however,
it pungency,
if in sea-water,
burns
and
at
as
first,but
wastes
if this is often
the
done
decidedlydetergent.
SDIPLES.
376
Commentary.
CoMM.
It appears
[bookvti.
tlie Lime
that
Dioscorides
from
'
"
'
used
by
ancient
from
sliellsj
pebbles,or
tlie
Pliny,Vitruvins, and
white
hard,
Palladius
Lime
stone.
last is the
best
is
Avliicb
marble,
say, that
used
much
was
calcination
prepared by
physicians^-was
got
all.
from
and
caustic
as
of
''
to
mineral
the
of
all kinds
rotic
it
power
cious.
and
also
as
See
Aetius
other
also
Oribasius
and
Dioscorides
from
Plinius
and
the
and
says,
more
efiica-
same
cases,
Celsus
(v,6, 8.)
Galen.
from
of
account
as
N.
(H.
substances,
used
oil,
epulotic;
(iii,20.)
same
was
eschaor
strumse.
is condensed
the
Quickhme
is
in
caustic
give nearly
Galen.
suet
as
water
Yalerianus
of this article
account
and
things
depilatory, and
free
author's
Our
with
it
Pliny recommends
applicationto luxations
an
xxxvi, 57.)
Dioscorides
name.
fiery,biting,caustic,and
and
is recent
(v, 132.)
places it
that
digestive,emolKent,
which
that
have
mixed
when
bears
now
quicklime
becomes
and
which
it
as
in
medicine
the
Hippocratic
originalof
head
their
age.
writers
all their
almost
praisesit
AAicenna
the
on
information
as
Tragacantha^ Tragacanth,
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
'
"
the
modern,
The
which
is
from
apphcation to
an
has
borrow
Med.,
Mat.
Dioscorides
under
this
Galen.
and
burns.
similai* powers
ancient
Tragacanth
yielded by Astragalus
to
gum.
identical
was
venis,
and
with
similar
in
T.
Dioscorides, like
gum,
and
of the
with
honev.
the
of
our
recommends
Dioscorides.
it in
of
he
(Prod.
author, states,
windpipe, loss
He
and
Peloponnesus,
that
holds
Fl.
that
Grsec.
in virtue
it produces
ii, 90.)
it resembles
ness
ophthalmic remedies, for roughin a hnctus
speech, and epistaxis,
also recommends
it when
allowed
to
melt
be-
low
tongue, for
tlie
mixed
its virtues
than
him
other
other
It is
the
the
Astragalus aristatus
said
tragacanth. It is there
the
authorities
and
is
is
state
it.
described
be
Baithar
(ii,350.)
Greek
modern
to
more
prescribedby
Arabians, Ebn
of
Comm.
ingredient in
an
{xi,6),
Of
purposes.
Greek
who
one
also A^dcenna
See
the
bladder, when
washed, and
general terms.
collyriaof Celsus
for various
the
and
and
and
kidneys
in very
of the
one
377
the
burnt
Galen
(iii,
20.)
of
pain
hartshorn
with
alum,
is
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
macopoeia
Phar-
producing
as
in
common
the
Pelepouuesus.
Tpu-yiov,
the
Wort, is
St. John's
Tragium, Stinking
the
in
when
emmenagogue
drunk
in
third
degree^
attenuant
and
the
to
plant
Crete
sembling
re-
and
It
powers.
lithontrip-
proves
of
amount
di'achm.
is bitterer
than
this, resembling
species,which
It
is
ceterach, grows everywhere.
sufficiently
astringentso
Another
to
with
a2:ree
From
the
description which
need
species,we
gives of the former
for the Hypericum
settiug it down
of
very
celebrated
wc
been
have
been
works
our
as
Dioscorides
little hesitation
hircinum.
In
the
assigned from
Dioscorides
virtues
same
in the
Arabians, with
gives
has
botanist.
nearly the
plants occurs
have
Columns
Tragium
name
as
fluxes.
Commentary.
the
the
Galen
and
author.
in
'
'
"
other,
the
name
ascribe
Neither
Comm.
of
to
it
these
Neither
Hippocrates or Celsus.
successful in searching for it in the works
of the
the exceptionof those of Ebn
Baithar^who merely
from
extracts
of
Dioscorides
Galen
and
under
head,
this
155.)
(ii,
Tragoriganon,
addition
of
glnthiosa.
Avholesome
are
resembling marjoram,
powers
with
the
astringcncy.
some
Commentary.
probably
has
The
the
Thymus
According
when
the
species described
two
to
decoction
useful
dejections; arc
with
vinegar,and also
L., and
Tragoriganum
him, they
in
diseases
to
persons
of
who
Dioscorides
the
Stachys
heating, diuretic,and
are
is drunk
by
the
thev
occasion
spleen
have
when
swallowed
bilious
taken
ixia.
Comm.
'
'
'
SIMPLES.
378
They
CoMM.
are
and
emraenagogue,
[book
in
pneumonia
potion,
with
linctus
and
is
hence
It
honey.
given
to
and
coughs
makes
an
able
agree-
affected
persons
eructations, and
acid
indigestion,and
nausea,
in
given
are
'
'
vii.
who
with
ject
sub-
are
In a
and
heat of the hypochondria.
anxiety,nausea,
(iii,32.)
cataplasm with polenta they also discuss tumours,
authorities treat of it very briefly.
Galen
and
the other Greek
to
Celsus
calls
have
able
been
not
to
discutieut.
and
it diuretic
find
these
We
(iii,21, "c.)
plants
in the
of
works
the
Arabians.
Tribolus, the
slightlyso, and it
in incipientinflammations
consistingof
'
'
'
subtile
is the
one
(H. N.
He
xxii, 12.)
mostly from
copiesfrom Galen,
have
long
that
out
the
Trapa
in
the
the
nutans.
nutans
excluded
in the
the
and
from
at
(ii,2, 382)
of
manifestly
do
the
same.
and
Hippocrates
length
more
than
the
(Cont. 1. ult. i,
mend
(i,307.)
They recomRhases
Baithar
and
aphrodisiac,lithontriptic,
species here
Tribulus
them, however,
author
Oribasius
works
of them
treat
of
Our
and
Aetius
them
Avicenna
See
diuretic.
Trapa
other
the
(iv,15.)
both
Arabians
The
Greeks.
;
calculi.
this account
borrows
and
found
not
Celsus.
721)
caltrop,
to
Dioscorides.
"We
land
anti-inflammatory, and
Pliny, then' juices are
gredient
application to phlegmons and ulcers ; an inproper
in collyria
discuss
lithontriptic.
strumee, and
;
prove
According
form
terrestris,and
Tribulus
the
clearly made
be
to
seems
of
fruit
renal
parts,breaks
It
Commentary.
CoMM.
The
influxes.
other
land
descril)ed,that is
to
say, the
terrestris,
although they have
Dispensatories,are
See
shops.
Gray (Suppl. to
our
still not
Pharm.
been
wholly
known
un-
84-,117.)
Tpayoc,
species of Frumentacea,
indigestibleand laxative.
Tragus,
more
Commentary.
CoMM.
method
The
of
is like
preparing it
far
(spelt),but
is thus
described
'
in
the
Geoponica.
hull,and
dried
in
Spelt
the
warm
is to
sun
be
;
steeped
then
and
the
same
strippedof
thing is
its
to
SIMPLES.
380
it is used
that
belly,and
CoMM.
'
'
"
and
the
other
hot
in
the
shall not
in this
third
enter
'
"
of
bite
Abbas
hairs
burnt
mad
in
Scarifications
cases
of difficult
humid
and
nature
caustic,
become
so
hair
the
leprous
detergent
every
'
"
"
respect
than
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
of the
remedies
with
caustics
Celsus
ranks
Dioscorides
lees of
The
lees
of this
which
the
and
ancient
article.
He
as
of
that
author
says
among
who
the
and
the
guishes
extinlees
cations.
appli-
rosin, and
night
with
oil
the
is stronger in
astringent.
of
vinegar
the
"
are
most
is that
fullest
strong
powerful
adurentia.''
gives the
best
of
burnt
acquainted.
were
it
ingredient in
more
among
ancients
with
vinegar
and
of wine
were
an
which
caustic
whole
Avine,and
combusta"
"fcex
is the
eyes
the
preparationsof potass,
for
it is used
washed
When
lentisk.
The
nails
is
astringency
with
mixed
be
to
compounded,
phygethla,
breasts.
rubbed
yellow, when
Mar-
complaints
in
It discusses
often
of this
by
from
wine
used
be
over-distended
as
sting
is
But
species of
the
unburnt
discutient.
and
fluxes.
in
milk
the
to
the
xxxii,26.)
N.
is, therefore, to
It
tooth
marina
recommended
are
^vt, Oll'OU,
of Wine, when
superadded according
'
Haly
weak
Pastinaca
with
gums
dentition
desiccative
decidedlv
is formed.
of the
Pliny (H.
the Lees
Vini,
Fgex
beinff
and
of the
treated
havc
Wc
Sideta
cellus
of
and
it fall out.
V.
in Book
fish
ulcers, and
foul
2, 191),
(ii,
Avicenna
See
Arabians
The
applicationto
m^ooI.
burnt
to
powers
Tpvywi' BaXaaaii],
its sting when
pressedupon
makes
CoMMENTAKY.
'
we
Arabians
of the
Galen.
follows
an
as
dog.
marina
it,and
breaks
'
stated
(Pract.ii,52, 552.)
Pastinaca
CoMM.
similar
have
author
Our
recommend
the
'"
burnt
when
Commentary.
CoMM.
views
and
taste
place.
Pili, Hairs,
'"
the
to
already
reason
expositionof the
an
upon
the
For
degree.
it acrid
call
authorities
Greek
vii.
Galen
alexipharmic.(iv,133.)
an
as
[book
Hence
(v,8.)
tion
descrip-
procured
from
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
Italian
old
the
soon
be
left
uncovered,
nor
washed
like
tumours
and
by itself,
it
swelled
breasts
rubbed
in
hairs
The
lees of
us
the
air.
thus
in
that
says
and
as
are
more
stronger than
the
from
lees
of
Dioscorides
Dioscorides
wine
it
is
as
an
of
strength,
dii'ects
them
expose
medicine
In
xxiii,32.)
to
of great
short, his
is almost
entirely
Rhases, in like
Baithar
the
clouds
Avicenua
the
applied on
others.
author.
Ebn
Its
not
mushrooms.
(H. N.
vinegar
(ii,
2, 241.)
om*
nails
complaints
to
51.)
(iii,
aceti
and
likewise
When
of females.
and
leprous
escharotic.
of the
any
represses
burnt.
ftex
and
vinegar, it
cicatrices
vessel,and
close
genitals,
which
antidote
an
Valer.
the
and
diseases, and
by beiug
genital organ
lees
cataplasm
when
applied
a
whole
away
is
It
tumours
recommends
it
Plinius
with
it
night, it makes
applicablein diseases of
a
clears
cutaneous
commends
the
copies from
See
in
hence
adds, discusses
he
rosin, removes
Pliny
various
the
He
borrowed
He
faex, must
and
dissipateshard
with
vinegar, he says,
of
account
it
washed, it is
manner
keep
powers,
'
'
its vessel.
unburnt,
is increased
in like
to
Comm.
'
coals.
The
powers.
without
privet for
of
(v, 131.)
it cleans
See
oil
He
eyes.
says,
says,
heated
upon
evaporates,
rubbed
burnt
when
eye.
the
tent
fluor
when
the
application to
he
Some, he
lower
spodos, and
like
the
on
of
with
yellow ;
eyes,
that
female
ulcerated
not
and
with
the
to
manner
mitigatesthe
are
The
pompholyx.
defluxions
it represses
in like
some
it
recent, for
when
not
must
wine
powers.
desiccative
septic and
styptic,very
u"cd
intense
shells,and
similar
any
it is
be
possessed of
fresh
it npon
says
failingit,from
or,
is
aceti
fc"x
burn
wine,
381
(Cont.1. ult.
manner,
i, 290.)
(i,419.)
TpwyXooi'rrjg,
Troglodyta, is
exception
This
hedges.
or
raw,
of the
breaks
burnt, if taken
Commentary.
this
small
of all
birds, with
the
called
We
species of
have
sparrow
mentioned
Mas
in
supposed
Book
to
III, that
Comm.
"
possess
great
SIMPLES.
382
CoMM.
as
powers
'""''
Bibl.
to
think
Our
that
it
author,
only
of
one
the
Materia
the
from
far
as
authorities
who
but
he
Medica
to
inclined
are
the
animal
in
this
descriptionof
his
borrows
wren.
discover, is
included
has
the
vii.
hedge-sparrow.
or
able
been
have
we
as
modularis
Accentor
the
was
however,
We,
Chinu'g. i, 254.)
it
calls
lithontriptic.Drelincurtius
(Mangeti
[book
it
Aetius, (iii,
3, 11.)
Tufoc;
Cheese
Caseus,
discutient
powers
wounds.
Old
in
cheese, especiallysuch
be
to
fit
Our
Commentary.
'
perties of
applicationto
with
that
(ii,79.)
Cheese
it
author's
plaints,
com-
of swines^
flesh
medicinal
of the
account
mostly abridged
is
ulcers.
discutient
Galen.
from
writer
who
both
fresh
with
arthritic
see
cheese
cheese
old
cheese
application to
favorably
(ii,2, 123.)
Pergamus
Avicenna,
recommends
of
cheese,
to
about
ulcers, and
recent
He
Baithar,
used
was
According
to
other
fatty,becomes
tophi in arthritic
decoction
the
cutient,
dis-
is
'^
Caseus
Galen
also
Dioscorides
is
cation
good appli-
ill-conditioned
to
the
pro-
kind
The
the
the same,
as
we
oxygalactinus
suppose,
cum
oxymelite" of Pliny. (H. N. xxviii,34.)
acidus
says
as
is
called
pellent
re-
tinate
applied to agglu-
when
as
so
soft,has
and
fat.
pickled and
'
made,
new
particularlyalong
CoMM.
is
called
That
wounds.
as
cooling gently,
powers,
so
which
that
brine
of bacon
He
chalk-stones.
as
speaks
in
ophthalmia,
application
article
than
of
this
He
treats
more
fully
any
of
Ebn
Mat.
the
Med., with the exception
on
gives a long dissertation on the propertiesof
fresh
as
an
cheese
as
an
article of food
extracts
and
from
as
medicine,
Dioscorides
(i,239.)
and
Galen.
YaKivBoQ,
Hyacinthus, Hyacinth
to
che
first order
its root
of
being bulbous-shaped
desiccants
and
the
second-
longs
beof
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
wine, being
with
jaundice
of
cases
383
desiccative
more
hut
less
refrigerant.
Avicenna
same
terms
and
theriac
British
author.
our
as
It
alexipharmic.
Glass, when
is said
break
to
makes
which
of
of Persia
is made
of vessels
of
been
(xvi);
769.)
"
glass.(H.
xxvii.)
Athen.
From
^lanifestius
about
in
From
the
time
On
the
with
the
used
of late much
times.
were
The
more
hyalus
or
mentioned
afterwards, for
medicines
have
appear
entertained
found
(Ad Solin.
of Lactantius
ancients
in
windows
ea
quae
oculos
perlucente \itro
was
of
in the
ruins
expected
its
vitrum, however,
We
of
from
scarcity in
was
it.
Strabo
see
made
under
placed
Salmasius.
fenestras
pots- de-
it would
works
in
observations
ancients,
per
to
appears
commonly
like
and
quae
plenteous than
formerly
and
were
the
out
Nubes"
"
Glass
to
in the
by
court
interesting account
of the
;
in
wine
his
certain
the
or
esse,
glass has
In
Comm.
date.
the
It is also
Pliny
stones
following passage
per
74.)
an
in
passage
glass cups
glass was
from
facilitate the
to
foil
white
later
undiluted
recommends
precious
est, mentem
that
1.
keep
order
drunk
his time
to
thin
of
xxx^i, 65.)
appears
which
to
Orphic remains,
glass.
N.
Actuarius
glass
of
his
of
directing
of
had
Pliny gives
use
urine.
glass in
he
mirrors
and
glass;
with
ambassador
an
gold. (Acharn.
common
imitations
(H. N.
it
of
made
the
upon
that
say
Dioscorides
chumbre
in
unknown
generally supposed
of Plato.
in
of
vessels
that
as
bladder.
the
glass, since
now
burning
Timseus
find
we
it
we
Acharnenses,^^
to
invention
have
are
glass and
mentions
of the
"
drunk
in the
stones
of
noticed,
comedy
the
and
pounded
down
mention
it is
In his
in
been
'
"
YaXoc,
Aiistophaues,
Commentary.
he
recommend
long
'
in the
propertiesnearly
has
Comm.
Pharmacy.
Vitrum,
who
Matthiolus
Pliny, Dioscorides,
further
They
'
"wine
L.
its medicinal
enumerate
and
Sprengel
as
orientalis
Hi/acinthus
state, it is the
and
doubt,
Without
Commentary.
term
sunt
aut
need
Pompeii
the
ideas
ancient
applied
SIMPLES.
384
crystal
to
CoMM.
'
well
as
'
suppose,
says
generally applied
it is
"
of
men,
that
colour, and
in
occur
burnt
Med.
from
Med.
Mat.
;
of
saying
is
vitrum
it has
says,
fool
of
species
its
to
dry
and
When
pounded
as
is
applied
Ebn
any
regularly
of the
svstems
(i,723)
is the
Serapion
He
fourth
and
is
Baithar
article.
the
its
to
so
the
thority
au-
quotes Galen
He
degree.
says
; that
stony
is mixed
He
when
with
up
ductility.
it,it
of
says
it
as
forth.
second
to
the
He
baldness.
for
as
case,
he
in
it
and
that
crystalis
mineral
it is hot
says
beard
as
state.
in the
fiu'fures
removes
first
of the
depilatory.
Avicenna
further
applicationto
an
adds
found
that
head
with
drunk
and
which
in
and
in the
dentifrice,and
eye,
magnet
authorities,Aben
lungs and
the
in
It
these
is
glass (vitrum) which
medicinal
properties,he
Arabian
subject
He
kind, red, yellow, green, and azure.
what
stones
a
Avicenna, that glass is among
men,
head,
of his
(De
best
like
degree, and
this
on
in their
i, 748)
sandy
colours,
various
is among
As
the
to, and
fire
set
of the
colour
then
ult.
(De Comp.
diuretic
good
(ii,2, 720)
coagulated owing
becomes
that
kinds,
two
are
Arabians
it is hot
it,that
it
paragraph
(Pract.ii,47.) (?) Of
most
treats
fully of this
Abbas
there
(Cont. 1.
Rhases
prescribesit
ulcers
authorities.
the
Avicenna
See
that
as
bv
not
prescribedmedicinally by
never
Roman
or
of, however,
treated
382)
Haly
It is
Greek
his
does
author, he says
our
drying
calls
also
article
any
(De Renum
lithontriptic
for
same
borrows
(ii,31.)
the
of
author
Our
Aetius.
more
iv), and
gen.
Simpl. V.)
the
like
it is
glass, that
recommends
sec.
thus
fool is
assume
Galen
Dioscorides.
of
to
This
pieces.
occasions
various
ciystal or
and
Affect.),
into
for A\-icenna
what
stones
vii.
autliors_,
we
easily made
it is
say,
Med.
Mat.
the
medicinally on
of
is to
easilybroken
is
former
the
to
quaintly
among
tlie medical
glass. By
to
as
[book
adds, the
remove
biu-nt
recommends
albugo
is most
it
of
the
efficacious.
mention
is
in
from
conclusion
the
that
practice of
been
regular physician, we
cluded
ex-
have
SIMPLES.
Til.]
SECT.
often
385
of
'
and
ties
is composed
Terrae, Truffle,
Tuber
with
slightdegree
We
Commentary.
of Book
section
of
It is the
I.
Tuber
of
Trufflesin
Cibarium
ashes, and
it to
it to drink
in
mixed
of colic and
cases
Commentary.
We
opinions on
this
contractions
of
it with
have
other
the
77th
Comm.
L.
stance,
sub-
terrene
very
attenuating power.
treated
have
of
for
medical
burnt
poses,
pur-
it,so
have
articles,
to
as
given
ileus.
given
of the
account
some
ancient
Comm.
From
the statement
of
subject in Book V.
author
it will be perceivedthat the Greek
our
physiciansmade
little use
of this important article in the practiceof medicine.
it as an
Rhases, Avicenna, Haly Abbas, and Serapion recommend
A\dceuna
applicationfor scabies,lice,and malignant ulcers.
of it induces
paralysis,
tremblings,spasms, and
says the vapour
destructive
limbs.
the
He
adds
of
sight,and brings on
46.) Serapion givesexactlythe same
See
also Rhases
385.)
(Cont. 1.
(Pract. ii,48, 501)
he
had
no
or
Dutens
that
Baithar
the
A'apour
fetor of the
ult.
breath
of it.
account
of it is
(ii,
2,
{De Simpl.
(i,553.)
admits
that
ternally
proving destructive,either inexternally.(De Simpl. ix.) It is remarked
by
Dioscorides^s
of
the
method
of
description
ing
preparfrom
distillation
(H. N.
same.
Ebn
experience of it
mercury
of
that
which
cinnabar
we
as
is the
first account
(v,70.)
possess,
of tlie process
Pliny copies
the
8.)
xxxiii,
YopOTTfTTEpt,
Hydropiper, Water-pepper,
so
as
pepper.
hypopia
CoM.MENTARY.
the
vulgar name
III.
When
and
is
hot
applied green
scirrhous
It is the
herl),but
along
with
not
much
so
tumours.
Polygonum Hydropiper,
of Arse-smart.
The
other
known
authorities
25
by
Comm.
'
'
rccom-
"
SIMPLES.
386
'
"
'
it
as
Water
Aqua,
other
stimulant
(ii,2, 551.)
Avicenna
is
matters,
this it
has
admixture, such
certain
water
cision
best
it.
Rain
with
thalmic
oph-
have
water
by
in Book
us
been
I.
in
See
and
2, 58) ;
(ii,
Avicenna
species
the
from
niger,
in this
naturalized
second
The
third
the
these
of the
of which
flower
seed,
the
H.
probably
He
albus.
complaints
about
eyes,
the
feet, "c.
uterus
Its
acrid
and
with
seed, he
pains
think
it,or
be
must
probably
H.
poses.
pur-
aureus
directions
minute
he recommends
and
delirium
for medicinal
gives
he
first two
most
was
varietyof
and
being black,
first
to
pre-
specific
their
deriving
are
considerable
with
plant,which
well-known
seed,
fittest for
The
inclined
are
we
black
refrigerants.
hyoscyamus,
and
describes
colour
first of
sleep. The
Hyoscyamus
the
of
has
The
yellow, and the third white.
being highly dangerous, by inducing
second
rejects as
of
it is mixed
deleterious.
of
order
Dioscorides
three
diff'erences
and
seed
species,the
is that
CoMMENTAKY.
the
xxxi, 21)
yellow, are
has
which
That
with
YoaKvaf^ioc,
Henbane; that species which
which
that
medicine
CoMM.
it preserves
as
Hyoscyamus,
and
of
fullytreated
N.
(H.
particularPHny
stance.
sub-
proper
bitumen, acquires
or
the
with
I.
It is
Commentary.
Rhases
'
of natron
as
qualitiesof
The
in Book
enumerated
"
long
as
which
property of the substance
has some
astringency, for which
remedies.
^^^
own
is mixed
the
CoMM.
its
by
cold, it cools.
it becomes
when
heats, but
is unmixed
which
that
best, and
the
Having
'
vii.
and
applicationto discuss tumours
(ii,190), and
suggillations. See in particular Dioscorides
treat of it succinctlyin
Galen
(De Simpl. viii.) The Arabians
Rhases
See
terms.
the
mucli
(Cont. 1. ult. i, 551);
same
mend
CoMM.
'"
[book
as
rheums,
an
for
ingredient
earache, and
is
applicablefor
eyes ; for
menor-
SIMPLES.
388
HTi^ericum,
of
wliich,
of.
The
St. John's
called
substance.
emmenagogue..
appUed
Commentary.
CoMM.
"whole
cures
given
There
frait
"vvhen
sores
is
of
treated
tile
sub-
with
and
its leaves
sprinkled diy
in ischiatic
it
upon
complaints.
difficulty
some
first
it is diiu'etic
along
green
drink
to
been
has
desiccative,consistingof
When
It is also
them.
and
species,the
Ascvroii,
or
the
It
of two
consists
Hence
Avounds.
cicatrizes
Wort,
heating
vi
TreoiKou,
Androssemum
is
other
[book
in
determining
the
'
"
decides
species. Sibthorp
The
other
give
it the
characters
same
being
as
i, 371)
of the
Hypericum
it in calculus,
it
in favour
and
emmenagogue
Joannis,''
and
Rhases
hence
the
42)
v,
says
See
is
commend
manner
(Cont.
Rhases
1. ult.
(ii,2, 354)
"herba
called
St. John's
term
Aetius,
recommends
Avicenna
it
modem
Celsus
in like
diuretic.
(CoUig.
author.
our
Arabians
The
(v,21.)
Averrhoes
as
crispinn.
and
sancti
wort.
1 TTr)KOOV,
is
Hypecoon,
cooling in
the
third
poppy.
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
"
answer
and
well
very
the
other
The
poppies.
brief
same
The
Baithar
Hypecoum
with
characters
the
authorities.
other
terms
It
writers
as
is
given by
See
Med.
Dioscorides
the
to
of it in the
treat
Dioscorides
to
seem
closelyalUed
genus
Mat.
author.
our
of it
the
on
would
prociimbens
Ebn
(iv,68);
(i,63.)
Y7royXaj(T(70i',
Hypoglosson,
of emollient
"
have
at
all
fi'om
of
it
used
formed
even
been
by
little used.
the
amulet
root
Ruscus
We
juice of
and
and
Galen
Ebn
in
sui'e
that
Baithar,
(i,98)
author.
our
Hypoglossum.
not
are
Arabians, except
brieflylike
an
the
It is the
Dioscorides
as
shrub
Pliarmacop. 24.)
are
sessed
pos-
and
the
Dioscorides
headache
and
who
It appears
copies literally
Greeks
mentions
that
unknown
to
the
shops.
See
to
it is mentioned
its root
it
powers.
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
is
all treat
its
and
It
being
juice
is not
Gray (Suppl. to
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
389
1 TTOKICTTIC,
Hypocistis,is
juice of
the
substances
certain
like pomegranate-flowers,
Cistus
author,
is the
is
also
the
possessed
still
is evident
also,as
from
the
to the
our
and
and
Ladanifera,
for prepanng
process
of
the
medicinal
same
He
says
it
but
is
acacia;
as
powers
plant
accurately,
juice of it.
the
'
words
The
it
Comm.
Aetius,
and
the
general terms,
other
like
pocratic treatises
as
author.
our
Nat.
(De
authorities
an
famous
most
Arabians
It
of his
in
occurs
properties in
of
one
down
is set
antidotes,but
ascribed
one
its
state
Mulieb.),and
ingredient of several
of that
See
Greek
the
by
especially
jNIithridates. (v, 23.) The
to
more
characters
the
as
assign it exactly the same
(ii,2, 111); Serapion (c. 115); Rhases
Greeks.
A^dcenna
1. ult.
concur
giving
tonic
medicine,
time
of
our
it the
both
Quincy, the
Dispensatory,and
Theiiac
of
internallyand
hypocistiscontinued
retained
was
Andromachus
Venice
or
as
called),
long as
in the Pharmacopoeia.
that once-celebrated
still retains
it
as
in the
received
See
from
Moses
the
shops
the
(Cont.
Averrhoes
character
it
HipCelsus
same
ancients.
to
as
place in
ingredient in the
an
Treacle
occupy
(as
it
latterly
a place
was
composition"held
Charras
(R. Phar. 114.) It
for astringency
character
See
Gray
(Suppl. to
Pharmacop. 38.)
YtTO^OKTTOI',
Hj^ophsestura, is
like
of
the
hippophaes.
it when
dried,
and
species
The
taken
of
juice
to
of the
the
and
honeyed water, evacuates
water
with orthopncEa,epilepsy,and
used
thorn
head,
extent
of
phlegm.
by
the
fullers,
leaves, and
three
oboli
It agrees
aff'ections of the
roots
with
pally
princi-
nerves.
SIMPLES.
390
'
'
define.
modern
it and
noticed
have
Few
it has
and
Pliny.
tribe
of
it to
author
copiesits
characters
of
other
the
ancient
Into
Commentary.
the
garding
to
completelylost sightof
been
and
enter,
treatises,
as,
giving
for
stomach
It
example,
and
following is
the
Hyssop.
is
is the
the
Cilician.
with
It
figs
and
in
drunk
for
pounded
when
the
with
and
with
cases
of
and
it is
skin
with
Avhen
it dissolves
water
the
the
garden
of
mouth
the
ears
best
is
figs;
with
figs
green
strongly
more
with
it ;
a
it improves
cataplasm
and
dropsy,
when
suggillations
excellent
it soothes
with
in the
bowels
the
applied as
the spleen
most
is rinsed
for
the
from
; it discusses
of
kinds,
cough, catarrh,
linctus
with
honey ;
is mixed
two
it purges
it is
it is
of
along
but
decoction
flatus about
important chapter
chronic
in
eaten
for afi*ections
boiling
for the
humours
for inflammations
quinsy
of toothache
thick
bowels
the
natron
wine
applied with
of
and
drunk
hedge-mustard
colour
figs and
and
anthelminthic,
the
mo\aug
iris,or
cress,
the
pneumonia, asthma,
brings ofi"
with
oxymel;
decoction
Romar;,
calls it bad
herb,
other
and
and
when
the
water
orthopnoea; it is
and
Celsus
of Dioscorides's
attenuant
it is useful
great
the senses
(p.86, 172), rouses
in coughs (160, ed. Milligan.)
an
rue,
its
he
well-known
and
has
thus
useful
pose
pur-
matters.
pituitous
passages
mountain,
one
boiled
It
in
re-
purges
abstract
an
present
our
Greek,
the
the
question
ourselves
by
says it is diuretic
(p.83),
iu
De
'
at
is not
content
occurs
ancients, it
brief
it in various
mentions
controverted
delivered
as
it is hot
it that
much
shall
authorities.
Arabian
the
we
\'irtues
medicinal
The
in
aawTTOv
of the
hyssopus
with
measure
of
be
rities
autho-
and
desiccative
Hyssopum, Hyssop, is calefacient
It also consists of subtile particles.
third degree.
'""^
car-
pharmacy.
1
CoMM.
vii.
determines
Our
(iv,160.)
Dioscorides.
from
whole
Sprengel
stellatum,Allien.
Cirsium
the
Like
epilepsy.
it is difficult to
duinse
the
it in
recommend
They
tTnro^atoTov of Dioscorides
It is the
Commentary,
CoMM,
"
[book
form
gargle in
the pains
decoction
of steam,
of
it,
(iii.
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
tion
Aetius
which
head
the
purges
for
and
applica- Comm.
an
Our
"
as
author
and
(De Cathars.),is
nose
liver
of the
in
complaints, as
various
(Meth.
Med.
ful
use-
xiii),
for
ad Glauc.
Cur.
(De Arte
discussing tumours
of it
treat
other
viii.) The Arabians
(Meth. Med.
purposes
(ii,2, 256) ;
fully. See
Serapion (c. 270) ; Avicenna
very
Rhases
(De Simpl. 16) ; Ebn
(Cont. 1. ult. i, 758) ; Mesne
Baithar
evidently
(i,545); Averrhoes
(Collig.
v, 42.) Avicenna
ii),and
for
derives
his characters
of
Dioscorides
it from
recommends
he
it
as
branches
in
length
Another
of
them
the
altogether the
its
states
the
most
on
the
authorities
the
garden
and
the
ground
about
than
those
much
of
smaller
in
and
also,
he
adds,
same
with
defines
to
as
little
his
half
virtues
questions now
the
mountain
thyme,
nearly
in
all
that
original of
is
its leaves
are
be
the
above
larger
latter
He
round.
of Dioscorides
1st, Is
it
We
the
hyssop
answer
this
as
chest,
and
epilepsy.
the
has
states
Dioscorides
by
mentioned
solved
of
aftections
other
and
personal experience, in
to
kinds,
two
precision,recommending
much
cases
Arabian
the
rises
so
the
upon
are
purple ;
is not
its stem
asthma,
the
that
nearly
former
the
that
its flower
and
there
says
;
Mesne,
terms.
cubit, and
with
from
come
He
hyssop.
the
phlegmagogue,
general
corides
Dios-
Averrhoes
Serapion.
as
interesting and
leaves, and
its medicinal
a
in
characters
is
whole,
authorities
same
follow
Baithar
Ebn
and
as
copies from
also
He
Rhases
Galen.
and
or
humours.
crude
evacuates
liver, and
and
marjoram.
frigidityof
a
purgative
and
hardness
it in
recommends
like
leaves
less,and
or
kidneys, bladder,
womb,
which
cubit
Two
of INIesue
question,
hesitation,
by saying, we think it is ; INIesue merely
plant better,but the agreement of these authors as
its medicinal
same
plant,
same
as
our
\drtues
2d,
Was
convinces
the
us
hyssop
?
Hyssopus officinalis
that
of
the
With
both
treated
of
the
ancients, then,
the
deference
to
mucli
'
'
characters
Galen, however,
Galen.
of inflammation
decline
in the
from
word
as
lie
prescribes it
works
of his
medicine
for
word
angina, asthma,
word,
(PI. N.
does.
copy
other
in
and,
to sores,
Dioscorides
it in
recommends
Pliny
27.)
391
SIMPLES.
392
the
CoMM.
scholars
eminent
many
[book
who
deny this, we
vii.
hesitatingly
"
'
answer
this
reasons
in the
question
first,the
medicinal
and
with
modern
given by
arius
(de
those
writers
(Mat.
Boerhaave
the
on
Simpl. Med.)
the
of
the
hyssop, as
and
Arabian
as
Hyssopus officinalis,
Materia
148);
Medica.
See
Plate-
Med.
(Mat.
223)
ii, 152);
(Mat. Med.
Hill (Mat. Med.
364) ; Culpeper (Compl. Herbal. 95) ; Ainslie
145) ; Gray (Suppl. to
(Mat. Ind. i, 177) ; Rutty (Mat. Med.
those
Pharmacop. 47.) But, secondly,it is incumbent
upon
who
deny
show
when
for
the
and
competent
no
have
been
Romans.
a
how
it
which
had
^gyptiacum
why
not
be
confident
intermediate
'
but
thrown
Lens
the
second
Cicer
to
of
the
it
have
this
H.
for
the
of the
and
country
the
us
tinilyis
home,
the
by
brought
and
so
not
many
the
maintained,
hyssopus
then
brought
here
being possessedof
true
into
hyssop must
have
at
men
others
Lens.
of the
deserve.
desiccants
ancients,
the
not
what
is
officinalis
their
hj^ssop,we
ancient
plant, the
may
name
of the
second
order, being
cooling and
to
the
away
decoction
loosens
when
it is taken
it. The
to
moistens
palustris, Duck-meat,
Duck-meat.
treats
learned
and
Since
that
have
bind
restrain
and
the
bowels.
refiigeratesin
order.
See
Commentary.
'
But, further,
would
they
substituted
belly;
The
CoMM.
"
some
fore, is
"
their
be
the
bears.
now
to
it bears.
of which
also
hyssop
be
to
naturalized
that
character
conquerors
pretty
it
and
Britain,
?
officinalis
Roman
of which
introduced
it
modern
came
officinalis
Sprengel
as
and
the
Origanum
our
H.
by
If,
Hyssopns
ancient
likely,then,
virtues?
was
Alston
the
characters
described
not
one
the
judge, we
brought to
Is
plant
the
identityof
plant, the
Med.
Greek
other
Tournefort
following
two
of the ancient
characters
given by Dioscorides,Mesne,
authorities, agree
the
affirmative,for
The
Book
Lens
author
virtues
of the
simply
79.
palustrisis
Our
It is
I,
borrov.s
lentil
more
It
the
from
is, undoubtedly,
Lemna
minor, Angl.
Dioscorides,
fullythan
the
it would
who
seem
The
SIMPLES.
111.]
SECT.
authorities
other
See
of both
treat
in the
terms
same
(ii,2, 711)
particularAvicenna
in
393
as
author.
our
Comm.
'
Serapion (c.9.)
'
drunk, relieve
juice, leaves, and seed, when
for some
also remarkable
They are
pains of the bladder.
tenuity of partSj and are of a heating nature.
Phalaris
tlie
Commentary.
Dioscorides
all the
and
author
Our
riensis.
the
authorities
who
treat
we
as
and
medicinal
is
same
of
It would
Galen.
the
apothecaries,it
pains of the bladder.
still is
See
is
'
"
Galen
the
bians,
Ara-
noticed
in the
that
reputed
from
extracts
gives
appear,
kept, and
of
None
Comm.
from
character
repeated by
it.
Cana-
Phalaris
the
to
discover, have
can
in
it
its
and
Baithar, who,
Dioscorides
borrows
(iii,149),
far
as
refers
Sibthorp
shops
be
to
useful
of
in
18.)
^aXa-y^'iTiq,
Phalangitis,Spiderwort,
for
the
also
bites
of
consists
in
remedy
of
cases
the
is
named
so
it is
spiders called
venomous
subtile
because
parts, and
is
hence
remedy
phalangia.
supposed
to
It
prove
of tormina.
Commentary.
According
to
Sibthorp,it
is the
Anthericum
Comm.
'
Our
Gracum.
that
of
treat
from
Dioscorides
Arabians.
the
by
and
being
to
yet the
retains
and
useful
the
the
for word
other
from
authorities
'
Dioscorides.
It does
Galen.
It has
been
Anthericum
not
appear
Liliastrum
be noticed
tice,
prac-
spiderwort,with
bites of scorpions
against the
to
in modern
scarcelyknown
of
name
the
See
shops
reputation of
Gray (Suppl.
Pharmacop. 22.)
burnt
with
very
that
particularly
desiccative
ashes.
from
This
wine-vcsscls,when
is mixed
especially
up
dysentericremedies.
Commentary.
of
word
Ebn
(iii,
112.)
and
Galen
author, Hke
the
Quercus
is formed
from
Thcophrastus gives an
Suber.
(H.
its bark.
P.
He
iii,16.)
recommends
accurate
Cork,
as
descriptionCom
Pliny states,
its ashes
or
char-
M.
"
"
SIMPLES.
394
coal
CoMM.
'
'
in
mends
'
it in
describe
but
the
same
med.
Comp.
the
loc.
Phillyrea,Mock
mouth
Privet
of
those
v.)
the
not
simples,
(v),and
mends
recom-
astringent. (De
an
as
been
not
of
leaves
olive.
wild
when
When
of them.
the
chewed^ and
when
have
does
able
to
it in
trace
Arabians.
of the
like
We
book
VII.
recom-
it in his list of
wine-cask
Serenus
Dioscorides
preliminary
of
cork
sec.
works
in
it
bui'nt
the
also omits
Galen
Q.
xxiv, 8.)
(c. 22.)
cases,
this article.
brieflynotices
N.
(H.
hemorrhages.
[book
mouth
they
tree
in the
with
is rinsed
diuretic
prove
gent
astrin-
are
ulcers
relieve
They
the
drunk
the
coction
de-
and
emme-
nagogue.
'
'
the
"
authorities
Neither
Arabians,
find
we
can
imder
moment
the
Arabians,
but
the
It
shall
we
works
of
of
in the
the
of
any
chapter of
the
Mahaleb
the
not
it.
of
any
gives nothing
certainlyis
show
of the
described
have
translation
above.
to
as
it in
it is
medicinal
None
(i,125.)
Baithar, who
head
referred
Dioscorides
of
that
agree
copies its
jSIat. ISIed.
the
traces
this
author
Dioscorides.
on
Ebn
except
Sprengel
Our
literallyfrom
Greek
other
of
lati folia L.
Phillyrea
characters
and
Stackhouse
Commentary.
CoMM.
Appendix.
"i"Xojuoc,
Petty Mullein
Verbascum,
is that
which
possessed
of
called
with
with
'
'
all sorts
ferable
the
to
determined.
Dioscor.
the
and
golden
Verbascum,
but
The
white
of
Being
doubted
the
all the
the
teeth
that
the
other
them
is
species cannot
any
to
black
with
would
by
author
Dioscorides.
Oribasius, borrow
them.
is
genus
be
species cannot
Plilomos
is
abridges the
freely from
well
to
appear
be
bascum
Ver-
probably
determined
(1.c.)
re-
Sprengel (ad
indisputablythe
be
suit
they
sour
Lychnitis of Dioscorides
Pfdomis
Lychnitis. The
the
V.
Aetius
flower.
female
the
as
leaves
nigrum. The
well
The
also rinse
Some
Thapsus, and
given
species,
among
many
be
iv,102.)
characters
are
are
It cannot
See
Verbascum
the
of fluxes.
Commentary.
CoMM.
'"
and
there
kinds
Thryalis.
desiccative
especiallythat
with
medicinal
Galen
also,as
Dioscorides.
SIMPLES.
396
induce
CoMM.
'
"
and
and
headaches^
dried
the
that
when
dates
in
eaten
vii.
eaten
useful
are
in
haemoptysis,
der,
dysentericdiseases,and complaints of the bladappliedin a powder as a cataplasm with the quince and
stomachic
and
when
of wild
cerate
when
[book
vine-flowers,
Celsus
(i,148.)
recommends
tion
decoc-
as
INIesue, and
an
gives a
Rhases
from
various
the
teeth
Another
likewise
E-hases
copious
most
says
they
his
create
in
and
semen,
liver
the
are
such
cases.
subjectborrowed
says, dates spoil
authorities
obstructions
create
it in
of tliis
account
of
One
sources.
and
recommend
useful
and
spleen.
in
phthisis.
recommends
them
generally
(Cont. 1. ult. i, 531.) Avicenua
and in
and
particularlyin fluxes of the womb
as
asti'ingents,
Baithar
hemorrhoids,
copies mostly from
(ii,2, 87.) Ebn
this head,
under
Rhases
(i,211, 496.) The
composition of
(i,54.) It is the only
by Dioscorides.
palm-oil is described
preparation from
the
is
Phormium,
Its
'
Hoi'ininum
Salvia
macopoeia.
Phar-
tractive
at-
leucoma,
and
of
account
it is taken
from
most
authorities.
other
for
be
to
in the
of wood.
author's
appear
(Notse in Dioscor.
regarding it in the
but
retained
now
Our
It would
Galen.
'
is
attenuating, detergent,and
sharp-pointedweapons
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
of
possessed
powers.
extracts
which
palm
which
root
purposes,
only
resembles
it is
the
nard,
diuretic
more
like
Celtic.
It is the
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
Valeriana
'
*
V.
Dioscor
nards
authorities
were
have
We
idis.
various
describe
it
as
mentioned
or
officinalis,
perhaps the
cient
akeady that the an-
speciesof valerian.
being diuretic and
All
the
ancient
emmenagogue.
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
397
ascribes
it
to
(i,10.) Galen
particularDioscorides
diuretic
Pliny emmenagoguc
(De Simpl. viii),and
powers
characters.
Arabians
give it the same
(H. N. xxi, 80.) The
Avicenua
See
(ii,2, 255) ; Serapion (De Simpl. 62) ; Ebn
in
See
thus
Virtus
"
however,
so
Pereira
See
Apicius,in
Commentary.
incline
the
to
some
wild
years
cinnamon
Celsius, in his
Olaus
by
"We
"'
was
refer
to
Dioscorides
is
which
\ivot,ii)C!Tiq,
and
pressed
ex-
cassia
the
or
it
on
disquisition
and
Subst.
GeoSroy
to
The
318.)
'
'
^. of
as
same
see.
and
cools
Seaweed,
marinus.
Fucus
of
leaf
learned
Anim.
different
the
Comm.
still
We
FoUum.
Hierobotanicon,'
the
been
calls the
deliberatelyformed
it
(Treatiseon
quite
of
name
we
that
ago,
tree.
the
which
opinion
uniformly
like manner,
bv
Malabathrum
the
has
of.
already treated
of
(971.)
which
leaf
authorities,
Recent
Med.)
Rutty (]\Iat.
lavish in its praises.
also
not
are
'
its virtues
states
manner
'
'
abortiens, diuretica,sanguinem
emmeuagoga,
See
amovens.^^
like
in
Bergius
2G5.)
(ii,
Baithar
Comm.
moderate
of
degree
in
cbies
second
the
astringency.
described
by Comm.
species of Fuci are
that it is scarcely
Theophrastus and Dioscorides, but so briefly,
them
mark,
exactly. It is deservdng of repossible to determine
Various
Commentary.
'
'
that
however,
a
speciesof Fucus,
supposed to
ed.
which
moist
says
state
the
its root
faces,
in
before
be
(iv,98.)
they
fucus
the
is
fucus
here
evident
it is
are
plants
dried.
which
Pliny gives a
women
very
of
an
the
cure
are
to
adds, that
He
theriacal,and
of
that
use
similar
some
for
The
is unquestionably
Aetius.
from
possessed
These
is therefore
lead.
of
treats
cataplasms for
inflammations.
purple
to
is
says
is efficacious
and
affections
author
as
Ceruse, wliich
preparation
our
Dioscorides
Aid.)
power,
been
vegetable,
of
head
the
have
which
article,however,
the
under
describe
Oribasius
Aetius, and
Galen,
(p. 24,
astringent
of
be
gouty
used
in
Nicander
persons
took
painting their
descriptionof
the
SIMPLES.
398
"
CoMM.
[book
marinus.'^
'
'
Galen
'
of it in
treats
It would
borrows
711.)
and
of
until
ascertained
late
that
old
who
practitioners,
very
extensively as
Pereira
further
Beckmann
Archil
Lichen
of
they
used
when
famous
ode
Regulus.
on
Fucus
of
he
he
with
and
and
at
shops.
See
siccative
the
Wrack,
See
sores.
"
which
has
times
It
lana
little
medicata
author,
our
recommend
sively
exten-
dyeing
it
to
and
to
our
that
fuco,^'in
sour,
reason
been
be
for diarrhoea
remedy
been
for the
must
is somewhat
seems
have
to
from
when
doubt
his
this
drunk.
that
It is the
it is
Lingua
Both
Galen
it in fluxes
of the
present day
it is not
is
almost
of
entire
stranger
to
the
Ferula
describes
I'll,
third
in
the
in the
degree, and
heating
almost
of
is de-
emollient
powers.
Commentary.
juice
an
discutient
Phuy
Sea
as
Galbanum,
'
out
in modern
Xo A pa
"
known
Parkinson
even
and
it
It is not met
being possessed of astringent powers.
either of Hippocrates or Celsus.
It was
in the works
tained
rein the
Dispensatory in the time of Quincy (88, 123),
bowels,
'
makes
sea-weed
There
Dioscorides, like
and
when
have
scrofulous
or
ScoIopendriu7n officinale,
Spleenwort.
the
Cervina
CoMM.
We
cients,
an-
satories,
Dispen-
readmitted,
were
the
by
our
vesiculosus,or
Tongue,
Commentary.
'
from
the
speaks of
alludes
qualityit naturallypro\'es
'
them
fuci
iodine.
in ancient
Horace
CoMM.
omitted
(History of Inventions.)
wool.
the
to
very
Phyllites,Hart's
'
given
applicationto
an
Dioscorides,
contained
roccella,a
both
used,
of
some
who
English herbalists,Parkinson
long
were
A\acenna,
of it from
gives
old
ancients,which
of the
or
he
of
(562), and
gives
thalassion
marinus
characters
articles
these
but
same
Muscus
Our
the
Gerard, repeat
was
the
descriptionwhich
the
(ii,2, 452,
and
nearly the
be
to
appear
vn.
Dioscorides
growing
it thus
"
in
says
of
Galbanum,
Syria,by
Quod
maxime
some
that
called
it is the
metopium.
laudant, cartilagino-
SIMPLES.
in.]
SECT,
in
of the
edition
Duncan's
like
ancient
of the
It would
modern
and
to be
appear
umbellifers, the
of different
Lindley,
and
of
late
foetus ;
describes
other
of
complaints
drives
cases
hollow
fillingthe
authorities
treat
in the
works
occurs
it in nearly
recommends
same
18,
pluries.)
et
Serapion (c.320.)
virtues
an
the
from
the
For
Arabians,
borrow
They
and
chest.
it is less
Avicenna
says
authorities
Arabian
of much
Dioscorides
of
Ebn
between
remedy
In
powers.
misy
other
author.
our
of
Celsus,
forth.
(See
v,
(ii,2, 312)
of its medicinal
alexipharmic,
an
as
in certain
powerful
to
the
for
Dioscorides, as
so
Baithar
than
do
not
what
of
diseases
sagapenum.
supply
thing
any-
is fui'nished
by
Galen.
Chalcitis, is possessed of
escharotic
like
as
it
importance in addition
and
toothache
and
account
Dioscorides, recommending
applicationto tumours,
The
see
the
vertigo,and
Avicenna
their
and
in those
in
power,
internallyfor
in
cases
'
sessed
pos-
sprained parts
general terms,
the
being
as
Galen
Hippocrates, and
"
externally, for
and
87.)
(iii,
of it in
of
Royle,
menstruation
is used
It
teeth,
of the
of
epilepsy,
hysteria,and
animals.
venomous
away
Greek
in
rouses
of
is tlie
skin, and
the
"
duct
pro-
of which
it
it
"
identity.
is the
discutient
recommends
he
Comm.
descriptions
publications
promoting
as
Dr.
Avith gum
galbanum
its vapour
in
the
and
chronic
who
fumigations
of
expulsion
It
we
and
heating, fiery,epispastic,
pessariesand
in
their
common
Dioscorides
Pereira.
furunculi
most
the
See
Opoidla galhanifera.
infer
settled, that
now
in the
coincidence
galbanums,
virtue
in
agrees
this casual
from
and
Galbanum
"
Now,
Edinburgh
that
manner
ammoniac;"
Hammoniaci."
similitudinem
ad
piiruin,
sum,
399
and
subtilityof particlesit
burnt
its
and
is intermediate
parts become
still
finer.
Commentary,
AVe
tion
furnished
this
much-disputed
what
we
have
Galen
by
to
the
ancient
give
an
abstract
authorities
say
is the
will first
as
to
author
the
who
substance
has
of the
themselves
informa-
regarding
Medica, and
itself to the
given
the
reserve
sion.
conclu-
fullest account
Comm.
"
'
'
SIMPLES.
400
of
CoMM.
'
the
formation
and
nature
[book
the
of
'
'
It is to be
Aetius.
by
is upon
of
for the
Cyprus
the
the
mountains
mountain,
as
which
upon
one
the
at
left hand
chalcitis.
entered,
we
certain
saw
Hke
possessed
that
grossest being
sori,and
the
intermediate
an
possesses
upon
copper
specimen
convertible
acquaintance
to
the
these
the
probably
rotic
space
should
whereas
burnt
citis
chal-
they
He
powers,
come
be-
Galen
efflorescence
which
verdigriswhich
forms
substances
in
also states
that
three
the
that
be
parts, the
their
misy,
an
the
to
He
another.
and
H.
N.
not
as
well
so
being
of
it that
that
it
old, and
it has
clears
names,
is obvious
as
as
powers
gives
but
origin of
the
or
as
Galen.
copper
he
which
they
acquainted
like bronze
that
those
as
these
medicinal
Dioscorides
stones, not
says
under
substances, with
these
was
substances
same
(See
quite obvious
it is
but
same
describe
articles.
friable,free of
is
can
of time.
when
very
Harduin.)
description of
fibres.
of
time
differingfrom
as
When
misy
one
subject;
ascribingthe
his
of
notes
into
Galen
and
of
each
mth
describe
Dioscorides
from
and
chalcanthos,
chalcitis,which
most
substances
sori,
of
of
Pliny gives
the
three
of
sori
the
longer
in
stretched
process
and
our
mine
that
much
power.
the
(or bronze),
question are
to
misy.
In
in the
on
the
substances
finest the
chalcitis,similar
the
forms
meant
in
more
Cyprus,
say,
into
being
these
the
of
dug
is to
passage
homogeneous (similar)
powers,
and
in
density
tenuity
only
of
another
one
wonder
no
that
misy by degrees,
into
nature
cave
lowest
the
that
in
great
of the three
but requiresa
chalcitis,
it is
that
of
copper-mines
the
mine
which,
was
zones,
changes
into
change
there
then
was
of
specimens
another
chalcitis
the
side
right
the
follows
what
ascertainingthe
"At
Soli, there
the
and
it chalcitis,
upon
So
of
of
purpose
express
furnished
same
that
then
visited
who
authority of Galen,
the
of the
mind
in
borne
abstract
prefergiving the
lengthy, we
but
vii.
very
which
He
do
with
brief
he
scribes
de-
(^aX/coEtS^),
and
glancing
having long
eschaand
styptic,heating,
away
impurities about
the
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
canthi
it is
eyes ; that
and
401
the
of
one
mild
is useful
septics;
Comm.
powder with honey; that it melts down and cleanses callus and
fistulse when
introduced
asperityof the eyelids; and removes
It occurs
in one
of the
in the form
of a collyrium. (v, 115.)
Hippocratic treatises (De Ulceribus),but its meaning there is
chalwell defined.
not
By blue chalcitis is probably meant
Celsus
prescribesit frequently as a
canthos, or blue vitriol.
caustic and escharotic
application,(v.9, et pluries.)As stated
already (see Misy), Avicenna
under
the
head
of
gives
of
account
an
these
stances
sub-
sutorium," the
Atramentum
"
citis
chal-
of colcotar.
He
distinguishedby the name
refers to Galen's
descriptionof them already given, but either
for he
he or his translator evidentlymisinterpretsthe original,
rubeum
as
saying that the atramentum
(sori)
represents Galen
further
being
is formed
from
that
they
recommends
Galen
the
chalcanthos
readers
our
from
super
aliam
rubeum
same
to
see
his
zeg
viride.^'
powers
from
of
1. ult.
And
rubeum
He
of
the
717.)
three
viride
now,
III.
stances
sub-
styptic; and
Dioscorides
as
he
and
Vidi
in mineris
tres
spacium,
et
erat
quse
superior erat
vena
inferior
super
eam
chalcitis,which
does
extracts
from
and
of sori,c/ialcitis,
descriptions
Averrhocs
(misy?),and
respectingthe
Galen's
quotes
vitriols which
he
account
calls vitreolum
cliolcoiar
nature
vitreolum
zeg
colcotar
hoc
colcotar
et
of
differ
the
fit
dicinal
me-
materially
Rhases, under
ruffum, colcotor,and
erat
erat
account
not
unam
{misy?),et
vu'ide
zeg
gives Galen's
afterwards
extensas
venas
et fit colcotar
convertitur
calls vitreolum
V.
tertia
three
Serapion,as
longum
per
author's.
our
Galen, their
of
name
the
"
all the
instances
same
{sori?), et secunda
quod
zeg
the
in
{chalcitis
?), et
est
in
Aetius.
above
of
says
caustic,escharotic,and
(ii,2, 47.)
under
He
colcotar.
are
them
do.
them
the
the
head
Dioscorides
and
misy, which
viridc.
of
(Coutin.
the
rubeum
he
origin
(sori?),
(Collig.v, 43.)
(chalcitis?).
of the three
metallic
substances
26
'
"
SIMPLES.
402
misy, sori,and
CoMM,
'"
"
'
"
[book
have
chalcitis,we
it
state
to
as
misy
to
or
zinc
that
suppose
may
the
proportion
from
The
age.
its colour
owed
doubt
no
sulphate of
in
the
the
to
chalcanthum,
the
efflorescence
Arabians
the
of
predominance
we
of
viride
zeg
decisive
coming
of pm'e
specimen
an
held
its
a
was
contracted
had
which
copper
chalcitis
the
then
Probably
in
in
differences
deliberate
our
be
vii.
sori
the
it its peculiar
characters.
^aXKavQoQ,
Sutorium,
Atramentum
astringency with
flesh.
'
*
"
No
substance
blue
being
effectual
of time
vitriol,or
and
Pliny
impure sulphate
an
found
evaporation of water
N.
(H.
it is
that
states
the
same
Celsus
xxxiv, 32.)
with
styptics (v, 1) ;
with
the
as
(v, 7, 8) ; with
escharotics
it when
strongly heated
or
for other
(De
vitriol
blue
we
that
of
while
have
describes
Galen
mines
to
the
it,and
in
the
it
recommends
(v,28, 12),
of
chalcitis
crates
Hippo-
preceding article,be
Med.
ranks
(v, 6) ; with
callus
blue
also
He
sutorium."
{\\,11) ; and
the
Phny's
creditur."
remove
its
coeruleus,
est
substances
to
of
procured
copper
of
this
determine, but
graphicallyhis
494),
think
we
vdsit
to
it
the
of
specimen
twenty
alluded
pretend positivelyto
probable.
witnessed
13),
some
as
cannot
copper
"\Yhether
purposes.
Ulcer.
roasted
of
doubt
can
Color
"
all
drying
of copper.
same
coiTOsive
of
and
atramentum
the
says
caustics
and
"
and
account
of
in mines
by the
descriptionof it is quite characteristic :
spectabilinitore vitrumque esse
perquam
strong
chalcitis.
to
the
creted
con-
very
pickling
changes
reads
who
person
for
it
Dioscorides
given by
water
of
most
process
Commentary.
CoMM.
'"
no
In
Vitriol,is
or
Cyprus, having a
contemptible degree of heat
it is the
substances
humid
mines
metal
the
in
Copperas
years
its centre
of
was
it which
he
converted
remained
carried
into
with
him
chalcitis
clialcanthum, and
in the
on
that
its
he
course
surface,
meant
to
'
"
description of
Avitli Dioscorides's
CoMM.
'
[book
SIMPLES.
404
it is directed
Pharmacopoeia
contain
not
of
authorities
principallyof
consisted
of
proportion
jects
sub-
important
most
the
Pliny
to
in its
Greeks
the
it
The
name
substance, and
cupreous
had
name
large
1st.
composition.
thought
that
say
contained
least
at
or
copper,
metal
that
implies that
seems
And
iron.
for
reasons
should
copper
and
the
In
ancient
with
connected
our
the
of
one
zinc
of
sulphates
conclusion, as this is
in
now,
the
of
much
sulphate of
the
that
clialcanthos.
the
VII.
properly given.
been
2d.
formed
from
the
copper,
that
is to
administered
externally as
Celsus, and
poisons.
See
authorities
on
powerful escharotic.
of
is the
added
when
and
of the
Commentary.
'
"
is
generally
bronze,
of
it
from
was
or
It
was
among
ix,) and
the
Arabian
the
2 to
used
share
but
of
for the
remedies
if washed
the
per
cent,
possessed of
be
can
of
frequentlyapplied to
copper
the
clears
doubt
no
classical
Greek
of
the
than
collyria,it
eyelids.
Though there
by
is
or
copper,
to
combination
14
astrinzation
cicatri-
it agrees
avQoq,
of Copper,
burnt
than
Wherefore,
CoMM.
'
6th.
was
bodies.
flos,the Flower
coses
of
best
dry bodies;
upon
tender
powers
sy
It
KiKavfikvoq,
XaA/cov
^ris
ranked
was
5th.
Dioscorides,
See
Burnt
ulcers
with
better
It
(ad Famihares,
Cicero
therefore
It
495.)
(1.c.)
pare
Com-
Toxicology.
ustum,
gency.
Med.
Dioscorides
See
XoXkoc
M%
(Mat.
of
mines
cementation.'^
of
(pluries.) 7th.
Galen
issuingfrom
waters
waters
Pereira
emetic.
an
as
"
say, from
(1.c.)with
Galen
used
of
evaporjition
and
more
squama
away
that
authors
tin in the
tile
sub-
seris.
asperities
this term
signify
proportion
to
native
copper,
as
it is in
general
by
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
the
authorities
be
may
with
quaiutcd
'
together
Chemical
Brass
their
was
according
either
itself
by
calcination
flake
of
in
copper," he
being only
the
reduced
granulated
water
for
into
the
the
the
also
He
various
with
ear
of
recommends
several
the
for various
linctus
in
the
as
taken
in
None
honey.
only
See
as
or
pluries.)
external
Aviccnna
1. ult.
48)
et
iii,
48)
; Ebn
of
the
w-riters
(ii,2, 231);
;
on
Arabians
applications,but
Avcrrhoes
Baithar
calcined
The
copper,
medicine,
as
The
noticed
flowers
in the
recommended
and
eye,
Greek
and
in
or
Celsus
Rhases
Abbas
be
as
not
purgatives.
of copper,
to
also
articles
these
of
cine
medi-
substances,
corrosive
Haly
and
authorities
Dioscorides.
works
He
detergent
emetics
in
given
copper,
hydromel,
used
(Collig.
v, 43)
and
the
the
other
and
huraoui's.
and
with
of
blown
that
says
(ii,
551.)
are
also
of
when
powder,
burning
caustic
protuberances
thick
so
(v, 6, 7,
of
He
treat
dimness
of deafness
draught
flos seris
removing
cleansing
but
described
and
form
for
it
fine
was
detergent
it evacuates
processes
it
the
nostrils,and
ulcers, especiallythose
when
with
as
cure
when
is done
are
making
tonsils.
oboli
ustum
ses
the
for the
and
gums
as
ustum,
particular Dioscorides
of
such
sj^ringein
of three
amount
emetic
also
the
it
pui'poses,
and
describes
an
recommends
aris, or
thereupon
short
In
long
nothing
which
of copper
in
process
crocus,
which
seed,
grains."
See
the
it is
copper,
preparations
describes
anus
complaints
to
way
wasting polypi
cornea,
about
into
or
fly oflF
at'ls,
millet
ustum,
the jEs
which
"
melting
authorities.
minutely.
very
grains like
These
ancient
Flos
^s
Squama
from
by
Inventions.'
salt, by
or
ac-
made
calx
The
"
copper
the
upon
flies every
copper.
all the
by
sulphur
burnt
of
says
small
to
cold
immediately
to
adds,
He
by pouring
reduced
were
Watson's
The
all
M.
^
See
of
Com
"
they
History
it
ancients,
place,
which
cadmia.
'
with
particlesof
is hammered."
copper
this
reverberatoryfurnace.''
The
orichalcum.
or
mixed
or
and
is copper
"
in
brass,
Beckmann's
aurichalcura
Geoffroy,
to
of
copper
and
Essays/
Medica.
cursorily
formation
the
compounding
Materia
remark
to
proper
the
on
405
(Cont.
(Pract. ii,
and
our
burnt
earlier
administered
SIMPLES.
406
CoMM.
both
internallyand
The
process
'
'
'
Paris
of
the
of
Quincy, jDubhshed
would
by
the
in
1763.
is
aris
Calx
He
in
the
of
of Dioscorides.
that
diuretic
"
"
and
is
'
Theophrastus
have
able
Arabians,
the
(ii,2, 132) ;
not
to
this
be
the
It has
bile.
of
it in
1. ult.
same
which
and, by
of
trixago^^of
still the
The
in
syrup
the
ascribe
Celsus
Arabian
Avicenna
Serapion's
chronic
coughs,
decoction
in
and
Serapion
in
"UTiether
or
to
it.
(iv,6)
has
translators
reputation of being
We
Hippocrates.
of
One
the
all the
terms.
works
i, 152.)
L.
ix, 10.)
and
same
Dioscorides
thev
third
spleen, dysuria,
Galen
the
P.
(H.
it.
the
the
both
joins
determined.
satisfactorily
name.
is
in the
particularlySerapion (c.180);
viriues
''
ustum
obstructions.
emmenagogue
incipientdropsies,and
the
solete
ob-
Chamadrys
scin'hous
nearly
recommends
Avicenna
jaundice.
find
(Cont.
Rhases
dyspepsia, and
regard
to
see
authorities
Arabian
the
It is the
Teucrium
purges
account
it in
of
treat
been
not
for J^s
visceral
the
an
as
this
confirms
authorities
other
For
Hill
Dr.
among
spasms,
and
incipientdropsy ;
way.
oris, were
drying
removes
its fruit
it in
commends
Dioscorides
and
and
that
says
down
clearly is
It
and
heating
melts
emmenagogue,
Commentary.
CoMM.
'"
therefore
It
Vienna,
(v, 37.)
Chamsedrys, Germander,
degree.
use
preparing
Squama
(p.242.)
Suppl. to Pharmacop.
in Grav's
for
formula
ancients.
They
in
retained
them
ranks
Rutty
use.
of
Pem-
1746.
(ii,91.
Med.
ceris, and
Flos
the
that
not
medicines
given
in
formula
in
also
longer
Mat.
Crantz's
in
given
says
preparations
omitted
are
been
have
preparations
English Dispensatory
They
to
externallyby
of these
Neither
physicians, since
Continental
1765.)
as
the
used
much
was
Complete
in
howcA^er,
appeal',
the
it
"
Dispensatory, published
London
berton's
that
(]Mat.ISIed. 32.)
occurs
described
minutely
is
copper
'
are
ustum
ses
copper
his
They
ancients.^^
the
in
1676.
in
says
preparing calcined
of
vii.
Platearius
externally.See
Charras
-^Ioses
by
[book
black
never
adopt
been
this
pectoralmedicine.
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
407
^(tjHaiKlCTCTOC,
Heclera,
Ground
Ivy
flower
liver.
of the
obstructions
removes
the
It is also
given
in ischiatic
diseases.
"We
Commentary.
see
good
no
for
reason
its
disputing
Comm.
"^
believe
have
to
for the
Romans
it in sciatica
Greek
Arabians
The
say, he
is to
the
it under
notice
the
by
country
the
recommends
the
and
and
authorities
author.
that
author,
our
as
we
gives it nearly
Dioscorides
Chamacissos.
characters
same
this
into
introduced
been
Ivy, which
Ground
hecleraceum, or
Glechoma
identitywith
other
terms
head
same
our
as
with
the
other
speciesof ivy.
See
In
the
Quincy.
(117.)
glechoma
hederaceum
ascribed
Convallaria
Lily
majalis, or
of the
(75.)
Euporiston
referred
is
It
"
the
Pharmacopoeia
^a/uaifCKxa-og.
in the
occurs
Dioscorides.
to
for the
stands
This
^ajiiaiKEpadoq.
Greek
modern
"
generally
by Sprengel
the
to
valley.
Xn^totAtu/cr/,
Ground
Chamseleuce,
order
and
desiccative
Poplar,
in the
the
third
should
read
in
calefacient
first.
Sprengel
Commentary.
is
maintains
that
we
Comm.
'
and
refers it to Stachelina
yrai^aiTTivKr],
Dioscorides
Dioscor.
merely
(iv, 125.)
lumbago.
All
it
recommends
assign it the
authoiities
other
the
In
L.
Cham(Xpeuce
in
general
same
characters.
Xa/nntXewi',
Chamseleon
and
the
desiccative
in
application
one
to indurated
phagedenic
The
poisonous.
black,
but
the
more
of
But
the
bitter.
and
discutient
when
white
When
It is also
applied in
AVhen
ulcers.
root
and
is calefacient
chamseleon
order.
third
skin,
tumours.
cures
the
nearly the
to
black
of the
root
taken
gent
deter-
emollient
cataplasm
internallyit
is
chameleon
drunk
with
like
austere
that
it
is
of
wine
"^
SIMPLES.
408
the
to
of
amount
CoMMENTARi.
CoMM.
'
'
that
46,
an
It is also useful
worms.
we
corymbosus
Carthamus
and
see
we
good
no
for
to
of
ixia, or
white
the
authorities
mastich,
doing, we
as
gum
to
be
the
of
root
This
The
in
Galen
in
Avicenna
species
other
the
species
is
it
produces
mends
recom-
dysuria when
chamseleon
of
cure
Our
he
lichen, for
rows
bor-
author
Aetius
head.
of
remarks
poisonous, and
hence
is
scabies,lichen, leprosy,and
in
is noticed
occurs
Dioscorides
by
and
(9.)
purposes.
this
resembling
gum
black
the
for
ancient
Dioscorides
dropsy
of
root
Dr.
those
the
by
says
(1157.)
under
black
See
places." (Theatre
some
articles
other
Some
in
the
Hippocratic
works
the
works.
Celsus, who
of
prescribes it
Cont.
1. ult.
whole
their
and
and
Gerard
other
the
The
(De Ulcer.)
The
stated
as
Parkinson
vermifuge
various
from
acaulis,
with
well
very
is described
33.)
Carlina
opinion.
gummifera.
C.
the
37,
the
to
virtues,however, which
The
sure.
so
also
with
like.
this
changing
chamseleon,
8.)
(iii,
toothache, and
the
the
to
acaulis,agree
sometimes,
as
in wine,
recommends
that
white
clianiseleon
See
its root
mostly
C.
not
Plants, 968.)
taken
the
white
are
''
such
chamseleon
black
as
the
prefer
Book, Sections
Fifth
the
the
and
reason
Lindley
intestinal
authorities, however,
good
in
to refer
inchned
VII.
dropsicalcomplaints.
in
Stated
We
were
[book
as
an
ii,208)
Averrhoes
of them
characters
(CoUig.
agree
with
v,
42.)
those
the
Upon
by
Dioscorides
Galen.
Chamsemelum,
the
first order.
Anthemis,
or
Chamomile, heats
It is also attenuant,
and
dries
in
discutient,relaxant, and
aromatic.
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
'
"
It
certainlyappliesto
the
Anthemis
nobilis,
be
the
to
probably is not restricted to it. It appears
It is the avOif~uq
of Theophrastus. (H. P. vii,8, 14.)
avSi/iiov
been
it has
of Dioscorides, who
three species,which
describes
but
found
very
difficult to
distinguishand
identify.
He
says
the
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
roots, the
flowers^and
that
when
the
409
stem
and
calefacient
are
attenuant,
Comm.
'
both
of the
evacuation
for
drunk
are
of the
liver
that
ileus
cure
is used
decoction
the
"with it.
perspiration. According
and
this
oil
the whole
to
cases
body
promote
evavOeimovof
is the
find
it in
to
his
Mat.
as
being
culated
cal-
to
133,
(iii,
partialto
ed.
plant, of which
they
1. ult.
(Pract. ii,34.)
characters
given to the
Abbas
in the
treat
been
very
See
great length.
at
In
have
to
appear
Scrapion
(ii,2, 118);
(Contin.
Arabians
The
Basil.)
this
Aviceuua
Haly
by
soothe
to
and
catory,
masti-
is rubbed
body
chamomile
of
diseases
described
cannot
Hippocrates. (Morb. Mulier., i,625.) We
Celsus.
Galen, in the preliminary dissertation
they
chamomiles
manner
the
'
fomentation
aphthae as
in such
Galen
to
that
the
says
when
chamomile
oil of
with
in
stronglyrecommends
Aetius
143.)
(iii,
rubbed
be
fevers
in intermittent
is useful
him,
urine
jaundice and
cure
He
complaints about the bladder.
fistula lachrymalisin a cataplasm,
and that the oil prepared in a
for
to
tympanitisand
the
foetus,calculi,and
menses,
and
in
and
drunk
chamomiles
Dioscorides
by
and
Galen,
Chamaipitys,
di'ies in
Ground
viscera,especiallyof
of the
in
heats
It is therefore
third.
the
Pine,
the
the
and
cathartic
liver.
order, but
second
detergent
and
It is diuretic
era-
putridulcers.
agglutinateslarge wounds, and cures
scirrhous
discusses
swellings,and the decoction of it is
menagogue,
It also
useful
in ischiatic
diseases.
It appears
Commentary.
probable
that
author's
our
plant Comm.
"
commentators
is
Celsus
medicine
but
it does
as
(v, 4),
ti-eatises.
is
Of
with
we
occur,
pores
or
given
His
to
it
characters
mouths
the
Ilippocratic
believe, in
by
our
of the
first agree
author, who,
by
of vessels
speciesdescribed by Dioscorides,the
plant,the second is a speciesof tcucrium, and
iva.
('ji'(/a
those
not
the
opens
means
(Alex.05), and
Nicander
as
well
'
"
no
the three
probably this
third
which
by
by
are
in the
as
first
the
main
Galen,
SIMPLES.
410
Aetius, and
CoMM.
[book
from
him.
The
VII.
other
'
'
'
species,he
two
Arabians
Averrhoes
recommends
virtue
it
expels
was
cure
celebrated
as
famous
See
See
the
call this
some
Commentary.
the
in
particular
for
gout, and
our
in
ingredient
an
still to
this
in
place
be
arthritica
found
in
and
Teucrium
plant Chamaedrys,
and
of Iva
names
laxative.
the
Chameedi'ops ;
CoMM.
Avicenna
is
It
the
3, 131); Serapion
(ii,
sciatica
powder.
it bears
chamcepitys.
"
foetus, and
long as it retained
Quincy (116.) It was
Portland
shops, where
of
All
powers.
being diuretic,erame-
as
the
(Collig.v, 32.)
it for the
Dispensatory.
the
that
similar
Rhases
(c. 179)
it
representing
medicine
nagogue,
See
in
concur
possessed of
are
says,
According
Dioscorides
to
the
to
powers
and
some
Chamsedrys.
it is
the
same
as
Xa^taiopuc.
XajuoiffVK)?,
Ground
Chamaesyce,
so
that
the
eyes
'
"
it
They
and
honey,
Euphorbia
Galen
and
Avorks
either
to
find
the
which
he
others
do
of
havins: been
used
of
bv
the
thick
away
of vision
cicatrices
and
gives
the
It does
same.
or
Celsus,
"We
Arabians.
not
are
be
to
(iv,167.)
in the
been
we
not
the
borrowed
occur
have
nor
the
Dioscorides
Dioscorides.
it from
acro-
in
fusions,
incipientsuf-
have
to
appears
powers,
and
myrmecia
remove
author
Our
Hippocrates
it in those
acrid
place assigned to it by
It is acknowledged
spui'ge.
chamcecyce.
characters
the
it
dimness
the
and
detergent
clear
cure
From
evidently
was
juice of
therefore
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
with
and
twigs
chordones.
Fig, has
able
of
aware
its
authorities.
modern
XaiiitXaia,
Chameleea, Mezereon,
It therefore
powers.
with
'
*
which
Spurge
gent
Olive, is possessed of deter-
cleanses
foul
ulcers
and
eschars
honey.
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
or
has
plant, we
Notwithstanding
prevailedamong
see
no
the
good grounds
the
difference
commentators
for
doubting
of
opinion
regarding
that
it
was
this
the
tinction
CoMM.
"
'
"
[book
SIMPLES.
412
the
between
and
last
the
the
above
The
2, 455.)
dropsy, (ii,
remarked, clearlyproves the identityof the
sketchy it will be
of the
y^afxlXaia
Greeks, and
the
We
the
Daphne
of
authorities
To
Mezereon.
of
physiologicaleffects
the
effects of the
the
chamelsea
It
Mezereon, and
is
D.
best
our
the
with
with
(805)
that
however,
Both
o/eoides.
in
the
Dioscorides
by
Pereira
retained
are
well
very
mention,
to
Daphne
by
described
as
proper
to be
yr.
Chiidium
the
described
as
mezereon
identitywith
however, that
it appears,
us
Arabians,
the
their
prove
particular compare
(1. c.)
held
not
day, con'espond
or
In
of
Mezereon
mezereon,
present
Serapion.
Serapion
Sibthorp
commends
particularlyin
mezereon
and
He
first two.
VII.
the
Daphne
Greek
the
modem
the
great is cale-
Pharmacopoeia. (108.)
XeXtSoi'toi',
Columbine
Chelidonium,
facient
it contributes
juice of
with
drunk
taken
order, and
third
in the
anise
cients, is
It also
belongs
to
as
it
The
root
juice of
The
also when
order
skin
the
ulcerate
when
toothache.
cures
fourth
the
to
leprous nails.
removes
The
sight.
obstructions, and
'V\Tien masticated
acrid, so
more
of
icteric
species,which
smaller
powerfully detergent.
acuteness
to
removes
wine.
with
Celandine
or
in
of
The
calefa-
cataplasm.
it purges
by
the
nose.
"
'
"
'
Ranunculus
the
describes
it in
Aetius
juice of
of
(vi,14.) Both
See
them
in the
"
Avicenua
less
as
as
our
like
our
works
of
chelidonia"
speciesare
Chelidonium
seem
very
of
Orfila, it appears
Dioscorides
poison.
minutely, and
He
(ii,201.)
author,
author.
be
to
Pliny praises it as an
a
remedy for impairment
acrid
very
recommends
gives
the
same
(ii,212.)
Galen
and
Neither
them
is to
of
prescribesthe
Hippocrates. Celsus
as
an
applicationto enlarged tonsils,
treated
distinctly
and
the
would
other
experiments
toothache,
and
the
of
the
the
great celandine
the
treat
found
tumours,
acts
magus
javmdice
character
be
C.
species is
no
application to strumous
of sight. From
that
first
dispute. The
Ficaria, or Fig-wort.
of
niajus L. admits
the
the
That
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
They
all
of
by
the Arabians.
of the
It
eyes.
the
use
the
from
films
in with
Sivallotvs
honey,
the
commends
the
of
diseases
of
eyes,
(iv,4.)
other
in
and
in these
ashes
of them
account
Avicenna
their
Arabians
Dioscorides
and
Galen.
2, 347);
(ii,
Rhases
author.
the
same
scriptions
de-
the
repeat
Serapion
See
(Contin.1.
use
ult.
i, 741);
(i,375.)
Baithar
Ebn
(ii,6.)
Comm.
re-
and
cynanche
speaks of
Galen
gives
The
given by
(c.443)
of
cases
tribute
con-
also
Celsus
Dioscorides
cases,
our
as
in
swallows
also
They
rustica.
Hirundo
It is the
Commentary.
rubbed
ashes, if
their
burnt
when
inflammatory cynanche.
of sight.
cure
acuteness
to
occurs
Pharmacopoeia. (46.)
Greek
Hirundines,
majus
chelidonium
The
of cattle.
eyes
modern
in the
'-"^^~'
removing films
curing jaundice and
See Quincy
(117.) Even at the present day
for removing
the acrid juiceof the celandine
eyes.
farriers
rustic
Comm.
for
its character
taining
from
celandine
greater
413
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
XoAjj,
Fel, Bile,
according
differs
pale, and
the
forasmuch
of
that
which
the
bulls
is
that
of
which
goat
of
gallsof
in
acrid
and
the
and
a
is
to
acrid, and
and
bears
still
more
of
the
cure
is the
eagles
are
than
gall of
in
Our
so
the
gall of
cocks
and
far
sometimes
author's
the
of
gall
gall of
leucomata,
of
the
wild
acrid
more
the
hysena, next
the
scorpion
vision,and
The
nyctolopia.
But
that
The
sea-tortoise.
that of goats, to
more
of
it
pungent
prove
allied.
that
so
suffusions,dimness
Commentary.
still
are
oxen
not
callionymus,and
desiccative
best
does
that
all,so
of
weakest
and
ears,
more
of
that
is believed
of
the
in
the
is the
swine
fish called
answers
them
of
stronger, and
the
of hawks
and
sheep
likewise
and
more
ulcers
with
agrees
that
as
than
yellow is hotter
the
than
yellow ; and also
which
animals
produce it ;
violet-coloured
of
juices,but
animal
the
colour, for
difference
the
all
of
hottest
the
tlie
to
the
according to
but
Gall, is
or
and
Those
corrosive,
black.
account
of the
medicinal
pro-
Comm.
SIMPLES.
414
perties of
CoMM.
is
bile
[book
Galen.
from
abridged
is
Bile
vii.
article
an
"
which, although
'
still holds
the
its
gall of
thus
excluded
now
certain
for the
animals
its ^irtues
states
Continental.
the
place in
the British
from
as
of
removal
Vis
"
subtilius
medicamenta
he
calls it
says, the
of
He
i, 291)
retained
Ebn
;
in the
Chondrile,
and
modern
is therefore
Without
'
or
Kingd. 708.)
supposed to
the
mastich,
along
root
does
the
and
and
the
to
the
gum
See
specieswhich
applied
is
of
is bitterish,
it.
juncea,
Lindley (Veg.
is
specieswhich
describes
he
on
mild
the
needle
leprosy;
linen
that
eyelashes;
is dipped into
in
the
bites
curately
ac-
to
compares
cloth
olive it is emmenagogue
it is beneficial
hairs ; that
(Cont.
bull
Lactucarium,
to
Dioscorides
when
an
hairs
Serapion
Chondrilla
another
osa.
cleanses
when
same
that
the
that
the
it and
of
is
gum
fresh
applied
the
viper ;
describes
He
juice is an astringentof the bowels.
second
species as being also glutinous, (ii,160.) Galen
authorities treat only of the former
the other Greek
species,
that
its
that
in very
either
except
of
Baithar
Ebn
wholly
macop.
brief
by Hippocrates
traces
not
it
natron
the
it that
than
similar
in Lemnos.
tuber
size of
the
former
the
of
says
glueing
for
and
and
with
used
to
of
it is the
describes
Apargia
gum
myrrha
with
be
also
gall of
desiccative
doubt
Dioscorides
rally
libe-
species of Endive,
more
it is still cultivated
for which
draws
Pharmacopoeia.
produces
It
Succory.
Gum
"
that
Ehases
The
(ii,510.)
far
so
See
(Pract. ii,50)
Greek
weakest
subject,but
the
Succory, being
Gum
Commentary.
CoMM.
Baithar
the
2, 250.)
(ii,
Abbas
Haly
Galen
and
96.)
(ii,
quadrupeds,
Of
calf,and
largelyof
treats
Dioscorides
of
that
utilius
Dioscorides
strongest is
sheep.
from
'
animalium
Minorum
Avicenna
"
albugo. Pliny
ejus excalfacere,
'
recommends
Scarpa
medicine
Pharmacopoeias,
unknown
63.)
terms.
or
it in
Neither
Celsus.
any
of
of
We
the
The
(i,395.)
in the shops.
them
find
works
ChondriUa
See
are
described
in
difficulty
of
the
covering
dis-
Arabians,
juncea
is
Gray (Suppl.to
still
Phar-
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
415
Xoi'OjOOC,
is like
Cliondrus,
In
Commentary.
nature.
now
but
wheat,
First
the
glutinous than
more
Book
have
we
to
(Vol.I, 123.) It would
appear
called
Farro, being prepared from
as
pearled barley is from
barley.
have
it.
explained its
been
the
the
article
Comm.
'
'
"
actly
speltwheat, exGray (Suppl.to
See
Pharmacop. 16.)
Xf)i;(TOK:oAAo,
Chrysocolla;
another
kind
one
of
it is found
in metal
is
of red copper
prepared in a mortar
it being triturated
the same,
with the urine
of
to puberty during the heat of the
dog days.
discuticnt
detergent, having
than
of
those
the
kind
and
found
It
being pungent.
ulcers.
By burning
not
that
so
is
greater
powers
it
sumes
con-
with
agrees
render
may
come
therefore
It therefore
it you
and
pestleof
boy
mines,
flesh without
ill-conditioned
with
desiccative
in metal
mines,
it less
pungent.
Commentary.
In
subject,it will
positionof
what
which
Armenian,
quality is
kind
to
the
and
and
ancients
thus
of
is of
is pure
stones
be worked
in
thus
the
having poured
first
and
be
must
place
have
leek
the
selected
'
to
"
The
"
colour
then
complicated Comm.
give an ex-
written
Chrysocolla:
intense
an
best
the
that
of
in
which
which
in water,
is the
second
Cyprian,
but
it.
upon
be
must
:
the
this very
themselves
Macedonian;
that
of earth
the
understand
to
necessary
writes
Dioscorides
the
be
order
is full
article
is
mortar,
rub
hand
the
it becomes
clean
and
But
lay past for use.
in the followingmanner
it into
pan,
previouslysaid
power
of
flesh;
is
in
the
if you
:
wish
the
former
to
dried
burn
sun,
(calcine?) it,do
triturated
coals,and
it
do
The
cases.
it in the
so
sufficiently,
put
otherwise
as
chrysocollahas
we
the
excite
(v,104.)
having
Having
upon
of pungency.
amount
which
place
; then
pure
This
vomiting,
It
belongs
and
which
to
may
the
class
prove
is evidentlythe
chrysocolla
same
of
medicines
fatal
as
to
that
life."
which
SIMPLES.
416
'
'
"
in
gold
Now
and
the
parts
may
here
say
at
mineralogy,
above,
the
being
as
around
called
mineral
quantity
(De Lapid. 47.)
every
the
vii.
in great
them/^
that
once
recognise
must
found
being
"
as
mines
we
with
described
has
Theophrastus
CoMM.
[book
conversant
person
described
chrysocoUa,
"
"
common
copper-green
of copper.
For
a
by Jameson, being an impiu-e carbonate
Cleaveland
clear
(Mineralogy, p. 570.)
descriptionof it, see
which
to
This, it will be remarked, is the only substance
of ChrysocoUa;
but
in a preDioscorides
applies the name
ceding
chapter,treating of
"
is
There
by
of
means
urine
of
and
mortar
ivhich
ivWi
person,
young
varieties
this
to
name
also
the
of
chapter
also
called
urine
the
in
pounded
This,
santerna,"
"
he
adds,
the
and
the
forms
solder
used
to
true
chrysocollaof Dioscorides, he
for
ever
cleansing
dry powder;
orthopnoea
added
to
acesis
tinctoria.
angina;
of
the
from
it
that
nitrum
former
used
used
as
gris,
verdi-
bronze.
he
does
kind
or
in medicine
oil, and
linctus
was
(soda?)
or
copper
was
and
was
Cyprian
of
The
wax
in
says
This, however,
says
in
conclusion,
with
also
in
honey
emetic;
an
orobitis
thereby,
meaning
which
(1.c.)
their
medicinal
strongly pungent
Wherefore
describes
Galen
of
one
but
some
we
powers
those
it is
that
he
with
suppose,
the
as
two
for
was
scribed
previously decalled by him
herb
woad,
kinds
:
the
consume
the
physicians call
medicinal),and
had
follows
moderately
call only
the
with
synonymous
tinged
being artificially
chrysocolla,is
cant.
given
was
chrysocolla,he says,
(a term, by the way,
lutum,"
treats
it
following
he
for specks on
the eyes, and
ingredient to collyria
plastersfor relievingpain and contracting cicatrices.
as
'^
and
different
was
that
with
along
from
scription
de-
an
as
green
This
wounds
the
which
Cyprian
medicine.
in
say
was
in
addition
not
the
Thus
elaborate
very
then
gold.
see,
Dioscorides.
kind,
with
soon
solderinggold) was
to
prepared
was
boy, with
Cyprian mortar
of
in
gives a
other
gold." (v,9.2.)
shall
we
and
chrysocolla;
true
brieflynotices
he
first
xxxiii_,
26, 27, 28)
N.
Pliny (H.
solder
they
as
variety of the verdigris,
Chrysocolla (from its being used
applied by the writers subsequent
Now
of
verdigris,he says,
verdigrismade
by the goldsmiths,
pestle,of Cyprian copper and the
of
kind
certain
the
or
Isatis
together,and
This
medicine,
flesh,and
discutient
fossil bv
the
this
and
name,
is not
desicbut
SIMPLES.
SECT.
Til.]
some
also the
with
mortar
which
prepared in
value
to
it in
prepare
in
urine
summer,
the
suited
This
medicine
by itself
saying of
and
mixed
with
fossil
that
chrysocolla,
the
less stimulant
that
it
being so
it
(calcined),
burnt
when
the
the
softer
sores,
both
by
this
the
attenuated;
still
from
is clear
It
by
concludes
more
becomes
answers
desiccative
more
the
hot
mortar,
is of
He
in
off"
malignant
to
much
is, as
bronze
substances.
other
the
rubbed
"
verdigris.
it
make
boy,
least
at
And
is thus
nature.
of
of the
or
you
the
(copper?)Comm.
urine
mortar.
which
more
and
bronze
of the
pestleby means
according to the differences
it is better
But
is
copper
some
which
substance
417
ated.
attenu-
more
that
statement
his list of
fossils used
under
medicine
in
anything
further
coincides
entirelywith
Celsus
of
(v,8.)
the
first
his
it with
ranks
made
now
Dioscorides.
the
the
substance
boy
the
other
not
in
Coll.
caustic
it
xiii.)
stances,
sub-
Avicenna, in
under
the
bronze
say
that
fossil,of which
of
name
two
a
the
Arabians.
this
of
(Med.
(v,6) and
to
urine
need
chrysocolla,than
turn
of
the
already explained;
of
he describes
which
with
of
corrosive
the
We
Dioscorides, we
account
that
place, treats
of
chrysocolla,
from
the
ficial,
arti-
mortar,
he
says
as
he
its
general characters,namely,
forth.
that it is abstergent,caustic,septic,and
so
Referring
emetic
and astringent
and Galen, he calls it an
to Dioscorides
(ii,2, 358.) He
medicine, and good for malignant sores,
will
there
refers to sect.
that
says
It is
which
it under
auri ; in
the
best
he
696, where
of two
is called
two
species
III.
person
in
;
which
as
and
tincar,of which
Galen.
of
he
the
carious
teeth.
Averrhoes
La9acolaap,i. e. Consolidatura
account
givesexactlythe same
He
mortar
of
factitious,
gold-solder(capistrum auri).
the
of
names
Arabic, Cumbur.
prepared
young
the
treats
describes
of
describes
it consists
latter of
the
He
treat.
now
He
red
speciesis
more
says
bronze
the
factitious
with
the
efficacious than
kind
urine
of
is
a
the other.
27
"
418
CoMM.
(Collig.V, 43.)
minerals,
to
says of
of baurach
fossil
it is
(nitrum ?),and
hot, dry,
in
worm
wonderful
the
in
basis
Borax.
e.
and
the taste
and
in
INIesuai
kills the
it has
them
say
sea
it, that
of
of the
boy, we mean
and it is the solder of gold (chrv^socoUa.) It would
factitious,
is described
to be the chrysocollawhich
by Haly Abbas
appear
admit
ourselves
(Pract. ii,48, 495), but we must
incapable of
interpretingcorrectlyhis meaning as expressedin the barbarous
of his works.
translation
under
Ebn
of
the
Ebn
of
name
in
have
we
Baithar
Tankar
which
Amrara
of
it is either
of the
toothache,
Aben
urine
the
with
banks
throbbing
devoted
Amrain
and
VII.
Ebn
"
is found
in
stopping the
it is
(radix)of
his work
bitterness
some
is useful
Rhases
powers.
of
subtile
and
them,
i.
Tincar,
has
And
and
portion
speciesof salts,and
of the
factitious.
or
of
thus
[book
in the
Serapion
writes
it,it is
SIMPLES.
of
first treats
from
extract
an
above
given
colla
chryso-
the
works
quoted by
(434),he
as
Dioscorides
people
some
socolla
from
the
and
Galen.
"
mountain
green,"
'^
stated
above,
the
which
Borax,
probably
applied the
of
Avicenna,
a
their
but
Ebn
is the
name
term
of
article
Dioscorides
adhesio
the
its
following
from
the
green,"
copper
the true
copper," was
signifyingGold solder.
a
digris
preparation of ver-
Tincal, Tankar,
being
authorities
well
auri.
this head
"
which
to
and
and
most
they
sometimes
used
in the
(as
for
that
aware
the
dering
sol-
example,
this borax
corides.
chrysocollaof Dioscorruptionof Baurach,
the
is probably a
applied by
clny-
speciesof salt,which
were
substance
borax
of
of
Biboras,
Baithar)
totallydifferent
that the
under
of
names
names
best
that
solderinggold, to which
applied by Pliny, Galen,
chrysocollafrom
gold,
The
which
Soda
name
and
the
described
our
was
for
it
draw
now
describes
likewise
Arabians
the
calls
said term
used
under
That
3.
others.
was
also
chrysocolla was
name
the
by
further
was
He
we
remark
from
extracts
nati^'C carbonate
Dioscorides
That
the
totallydifferent
treated
matters
was
givesmerely
known
mineral
the
That
Galen
i,25.)
regarding
conclusions
1.
been
with
chrysocolla,but
ult.
(Cent. 1.
has
concludes
tankar
and
Rhases
tankar.
what
From
it the
called
Dioscorides
of
and
Galen,
from
Arabians
to
the
nitrum
of
SIMPLES.
420
Cerussa^ White
'
"^
V.
little
the
to
would
of
the
the
Cerussa
the
carbonate
of
vapours
from
Rhases,
trochisc
in
Perhaps
Dr.
which
of
Med.
is
expressly
in
as
]Med.
Simpl.
of
ceruse,
he
taken
above.
them
The
(i,63.)
last
of
same
class
more
especiallywhen
collyriafor
is
the
dropped
or
into
Haly
of
these
Psyllium,
mixed
mixed
Fleawort
as
in
kinds
Comp.
Galen
in
administered
as
anodyne
an
and
of
general. (De
the
it,but
ulcers
(v. 103.)
(vi,7), but
(v, 27,
authorities
as
nally
interAll
15.)
after
Galen
have
we
paration
pre-
gives its
author,
our
characters
says
the
of
that
with
up
it,that
stated
the
with
in
rose-oil,it is
a
eyes,
the
proper
belongs
of
in such
to
the
an
Baithar
in the
vinegar, and
a
good application
ingredient
dissolved
and
"
white
advantage
seed
; Ebn
it is useful
dissolved
it forms
of
with
(Pract.ii,48)
Abbas
that
up
eye
De
minutely
poison
Arabian
Minium
as
the
it
same
inflammations
milk
and
album,
cephalalgia;
in
woman's
cases
be
to
it
like
terms
burns
the
in
See
2, 117)
(ii,
Avicenna
of
and
exactly
ceruse
different
brief
treats
Greek
other
not
describes
the
it in
recommends
Celsus
give
and
this
authorities.
Milligan.)
recommends
Dioscorides
ix.)
Trochisci
Emplastrum
(Comment,
eyes
the
ancient
soothing application
properties in
medicinal
the
and
He
nally,
inter-
find, however,
to
ad
ought
iv.)
Geoffrey's
Dioscorides.
administered
the
had
therefore,
was,
(See Galen,
2.22
ceruse
of the
pains
astringent
an
that
which
ceruse.
the
it with
Celsus,
Med.
internally(Meth.
collyrium
and
says
of
any
ingredient.
an
vi,
gen.
in
nor
lead
fact, from
able
Book
certainly the
ingredient in
an
been
not
confounded
Hill
ceruse
sec.
fact
have
We
albi of Rhases.
in
in
(xviii.)The
and
sometimes
is
of
modern
taken,
been
have
poison
Plinii"
vinegar^
the
is
process
to
appear
white
of
as
lead
Our
and
nothing different
or
description
It
consisted
ceruse
exposed
been
says
Dioscorides
of
^ij^ivQiov
ancient
"
Alston
59.
"
vn.
eraplastic.
of it
treated
have
We
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
[book
egg,
"
in
that
in
a
it
cases.
second
order
of
SIMPLES.
111.]
SECT.
it holds
regard
With
refrigerants.
is
ulcers
mahgnant
Dioscorides
G6.)
like
our
author.
Celsus
(v, 2.)
The
Simpl. 230)
Ebn
also for
dispensatory,it
it has
virtues.
medicinal
same
Serapion (De
of it
of
Med.
poison
as
in
celebrated
to
cordingly
Ac-
iii,117.)
late writers
the
by
ceased
occupy
in modern
commends
Platearius
the
have
poisonous qualities
(Mat.
long
been
has
its
Crantz
it treated
find
not
toxicology. Although
its
xxvi,
treated
have
exaggerated by Dioscorides.
our
seed
inflammation
allayingthe
(i,132) ; Rhases
Baithar
been
do
its
testinal
diseases,in-
it for
(ii,2, 533)
Avicenna
Book
we
cation
appli-
an
that
arthritic
recommend
Arabians
Mesue
as
serpents. (H. N.
tumours,
^~^'
Dioscorides
lard
says
Comm.
no
stances
puts it in his list of agglutinativesub-
See
fevers.
acute
also
of
bites
cures
Greeks, and
the
as
purposes
of
Greek
other
the
and
hog's
be
can
is,he says,
It
powers
other
hernia, and
water.
it
says
Pliny
the
good application to
with
pounded
it
there
Plantago Psijllium L.
it is the
it ;
about
difficulty
and
Pliny recommend
moistening
that
Spreugel remarks,
Commentary.
to
heating and
to
place.
intermediate
an
421
it
on
place in
times
highly
for
as
coohng
as
medicine, and
for
Mesue
setting it down
seeds
its
recent
Its
fault with
poison. (De
seeds
appears
form
Dioscorides
Med.
with
is still much
nephriticaffections.
authority on
mucilaginous
are
as
catai-rh,gonorrhoea, and
Kingd. 643.)
finds
he
hence
and
pharmacy
and
^Egypt.); and
boiling water
used
in
India,
Lindley (Veg.
says
purgative. Gray
of it that
(Suppl.
to
Pharmacop. 44.)
is formed
Psoricum,
of
one
It
them
becomes
than
new
more
chalcitis.
by mixing
two
SIMPLES.
422
'
'
and
cadmia
chalcitis ;
Celsus
273.)
has
psoricum
It
it to be
derives
been
long
its
its
of
of
say
Dioscorides.
from
2,
(ii_,
and
mia.
cad-
used
being
scabies
with
as
The
(psora.)
practice of medicine.
in the
unknown
author
our
vii.
mixture
of chalcitis
made
name
affected
parts
and
follows
Avicenna
directs
also
(vi,6, 31.)
application to
an
Galen, Aetius,
chalcitis.
litharge and
call it
Pliny
and
Dioscorides
Commentary.
CoMM.
[book
Qoi',
An
Ovum,
Egg
the
and
white
thin
for the
pungency,
eyes,
It
mixed
is also
And
plasters.
the
powers,
is mixed
roasted
it
whole
whole
taken
in
the
chest,
New
eggs
'
"
fried,it
proves
to
are
eaten, it dries
the
addition
the
or
becomes
of
and
concocts
for
drastic.
When
aff'ections in
soothes
of
asperities
those
wild
the
burns.
reheves
stances,
sub-
sour
some
alvine
up
considerablymore
immediately
demulcent
of
flowers
be
the
of hens
trachea.
to
the
animals.
gives,in
Galen
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
and
of all other
eggs
received
supping state, it
being
egg
vinegar,and
^i
applied raw
egg
an
galls, sumach,
it be
pomegranate,
styptic
possessed of similar
When
anti-inflammatory remedies.
but
less soothing. If
desiccative
more
as
form
which
with
if,having
But
medicines
of
boiled
be
such
up
the
ulcers.
yolk
becomes
egg
fluxes.
with
up
all
from
is free
part
his
usual
copious
and
ele-
to
and
He
to
of
the
our
Dioscorides
author
the
bladder
is
and
their
vii'tues
indebted,
particularly
more
white
states
of
an
e^^
ulceration
in
of
briefly,
54, 55.)
(ii,
more
of the
eggs
him
recommends
pains
the
burns.
423
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
erysipelas^the
of beet
leaves
laid
being
the
on
Pliny
place.
Comm.
'
"
of
ulcers
and
in diarrhoea
useful
of
of
of
520.)
See
Rhases
(Ad
Mansor.
Antid.
Basil, belongs
and
has
use
when
also
and
discutient
is
order
humidity,
of
calefacieuts,
hence
it is of
no
applied externally,it
when
but
probably is
It most
also
of it that
says
Ochnum
the
is
but
Comm.
'
pur-
the
bowels,
is of
difficult
it loosens
milk,
creates
Basilicum.
medicinal
it for many
only recommends
not
externally,but
poses
tory
supposi-
digestive.
Commentary.
Dioscorides
second
the
to
internally;
taken
vinegar are
Qki/iov,
recrementitious
some
in
in
iv.)
'
Ocimum,
melilot
2,
applicationto the eyes, (ii,
(i,193) ; Serapion (c. 446) ;
an
as
Baithar
Ebn
also
it
of
speaks favorably
he
boiled
'
eyes.
in
Like
fundament.
the
with
egg
recommends
He
egg
an
an
eggs
says
dysentery.
albumen
the
affections
He
intestines.
the
of
white
the
recommends
Avicenna
of the
affections
for
them
recommend
Dioscorides
and
taken
in a draught, is
digestion; the seed, he adds, when
beneficial in melancholy, dysuria,and
flatulence,and it is also
170.) Our author follows Galen
very closely.
sternutatory, (ii,
Aetius
of it
praiseshighly a decoction
and
particularlythose of children.
of it.
It
Celsus,
the
and
diuretic,
is
medicine,
them,
that
if there
says
(ii,29, 31.)
than
it
be
the
humours
both
in
it
Avicenna
the
them,
internal
Hippocrates
the
moves
treat
says
bowels,
that
eyes,
follows
usual
of the
Arabians
The
binds
of
the
to
as
approves
of it that
Greeks.
generally
Oribasius
basil,but
of
fomentation
works
the
latter of whom
fully
more
in
occm's
as
him
administration
internal
the
condemns
also
but
it is useful
bowels,
of
it is
and
also
it still
cordial
moves
in hajmo-
also
of breathing, (ii,2, 101.) See
difficulty
(Cont. 1. ult.
Serapion (c. 107); Ebn Baithar (i,110); Rhascs
basil held
a
ii,121.) The
place in our English dispensatory
It holds a place in
down
of Quincy and Lewis.
to the times
ptysis and
the
is
modern
in
Greek
indigenous
Greece,
in
(p.27.)
Pharmacopoeia,
Persia,
and
where
it
is stated
only cultivated
in
that
gardens
it
in
APPENDIX
424
TO
[book
vii.
QKl/ilOHCig,
which
Ochnoides,
but
cative
'
seed
without
is
but
this
with
Lobelius
and
This
Mat.
is
Of
of
says
benefit
those
for
bites
the
in sciatica
character
we
can
Dioscorides
om-
of the
then
be
the
have
when
of all other
See
it
been
made
either
was
Parkinson
and
in wine
(iv,28.)
pepper,
terms
same
as
that
to
is useful
it is
Galen
given
its
states
author.
our
with
is calculated
and
reptiles,
of
Dioscorides
(Theatre
ocimoides.
drunk
kinds
the
nearly
is that
Saponaria
been
myi'rh
have
of the
are
(i,93.)
Galen,
and
Dispensatory, and
modern
It is not
TO
Substances
the
does
It
not
has
been
long
in the
occur
unknown
Pharmacopoeia
Greeks,
APPENDIX
On
conjectureswhich
articles
of Ebn
to
We
who
in
described
less,
use-
is desic-
speciesof lychnis,
disputed
most
probable
its seed
with
it to be
Saponaria.
or
it to
it, that
the
most
Lychnis
hold
held
of the
one
Med.
and
rejected by Dodonseus.
Sprengel agrees
Dalecampius in referringit to the Saponaria
those
matter,
is
root
is
opinion
speciesof
composed
Matthiolus
ocimoides.
ancient
of subtile
Its
pungency.
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
the
Philetserium.
call
some
THE
introduced
THIRD
into
SECTION.
the
Materia
Medica
by
the
Arabians.
Having
thus
given
described
jNIateria
Medica,
we
list
by
the
can
by
we
are
procure
Arabians.
brief
the
Greek
now
called
we
with
for, although
learned
labom's
difficulties of
Ave
have
of
and
regarding
This,
been
Professor
the
need
aU
the
Roman
to
upon
hitherto
a
of
account
Simple
writers
supply
additions
but
little
what
is
to
avail
Sprengel, Dr.
mation
inforto
their
field of
cultivated, is
particularlyformidable
enabled
the
on
made
scai'cely
say,
stances
Sub-
ourselves
Royle,
Dr.
nature
of
the
Ainshc,
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
and
of
these
upon
own
our
the
however
which,
essay,
have
to
not,
which
additional
been
of
stores
at
We
of
be
information
the
to
our
other
stage
our
if
found,
valuable
in the
sorily
cur-
vxpon
any
peculiar indulgence
mine
touched
thrown
than
this work.
with
up
have
more
occasion
skilful labourer
more
who
imperfect, will
opened
some
have
we
present
receive
will
scholars
executing
in
progress
readers
our
matters^
on
resources
of
oriental
other
certain
425
mistake
we
from
knowledge
line will
same
yet
Of
profession
draw
course
it will
be
of all the
the
by
Arabians
of the
alone, if
a
of
his laborious
the
"
sealed
had
for
our
of
not
It
here
besides
itself would
the
be
of Ebn
stores
unfolded
with
by
been
have
assistance,and
our
the
languages
to
mention,
in
with
of the
East
us
so
far made
the
German
which
who
savant
and
of
is much
Haly Abbas,
fortunate
some
to
Blackie,
Baithar, there
and
should
we
friend. Professor
Avicenna, Serapion,Rhases,
to
right that
lator
trans-
is
the sciences
West.
be
may
described
them
it is but
his
by
imperfect acquaintance
But,
acquainted both
the
to
come
very
still remain
of
here
learned
our
Baithar
his
undetermined
translation
own
language.
in those
if
of
Mholly
And
the
book"
Aberdeen,
up
that
Ebn
predecessors; but, of
there
are
by him
unfortunately
not
doubtfully determined, and
of
left
For
properlyexplored,would furnish
added
individual
tions
exerby his own
were
very
Sontheimer.
acknowledge
limits.
treasures
but
are
were
narrow
matters
new
are
which
Dr.
work
first treated
which
few
our
accuraidated
articles
many
a
of
we
oriental
question within
the
to
the
count
pretend to give an acthe practiceof medicine
not
into
if
that, even
largevolume
do
we
articles introduced
knowledge
out
that
readilyseen,
are
set down
composed,
were
regard to
any
apply
them
to
proper
methodical
and
be
that
in the
because
order
same
could
we
not
with
the
as
which
the
would
are
notices
ourselves
satisfy
which
arrangement
in unison
articles
the
of
with
conveniently
general plan
of
tliis
work.
Ambra
A
recent
writer
description of
on
the
Ambergris
grisea.
Materia
"
The
Medica
substance
the
Cachalot
spcrmwhalc.
APPENDIX
426
In
this
it is
Beale
that
the
collected
dried
No
1392.)
and
Ebn
He
all
for
brain, and
this
with
is
See
be
would
Bomans
speciesof
above
cordial
good
commentary
holds
it to
medicine.
stomachic
and
period. It
have
already
He
Eledrum.
on
The
unacquainted
we
as
and
Among
33.)
v,
Arabian
Seth,
by Symeon
the
intoxicating,
been
have
after the
until
be
to
(Theor.
to
appear
Amber
in the
Abbas
Haly
also
heart
complaints.
it is said
it possesses,
accm"atelydescribed
stated
similar
it and
excellent
most
strengthening the
for
and
cramp
swallow
calls it the
He
these
of water, and
surface
the
on
Serapion
that
origin of ambergris.
which
monsters
sea
praisesit
and
cm'ing
by
from
with
this substance.
of
nature
of the
account
It swims
which
powers
Greeks
the
to
ambergris
doubt
Med.
(Mat.
given
entertain
is of little value.
kind
have
we
can
as
similar
again.
aromatics,
other
Electnim,
gives a
it up
blackish
of
extracts
informed
of
this account
compares
it is furnished
says,
vomit
who
well
Baithar
found
squid {scepia
Pereira
feeds.^^
animal
the
from
is derived
which
the
under
were
animal.
the
all the
of it in the
Avicenna
authors
and
one
is said
what
indm'ated
fseces,and
semi-fluid
the
the
be
disease) of
by
continent
propertiesof ambergris. It is
grayish,striated substance, ha\ing a pleasant
which
on
of
some
the
on
to
appears
altered
had
odour,
moschata)
"
mass
solid^opaque,
musk-like
perfume only ;
It
somewhat
(perhaps
Mr.
as
in medicine.
employed
faeces
it is used
country
[booicvji.
TO
Bezoar.
be
may
of
in
Lewis
writes
the
parts
of
of
stone,
cavity at
but
now
prefixsome
to
Bezoar
is
proper
oriental
or
article
this
As
the
supposed
be
to
of the
inhabits
the
goat kind, which
Persia.''
217.)
(INIat.Med.
the
concretions
generally
seen
them
45.)
See
little
taken
fm-ther
form
which
piece
from
of
the
in
chaff
bodies
of
or
pylorus
animal
an
in
different
is,perhaps
authorities
describes
goats
as
of
Bontius
modern
He
orientalis,
in the
mountains
them
monkeys.
He
have
had
(Med.
who
being
as
gazelles,and
nucleus.
it
rities.
autho-
recent
stomach
But
country,
Bezoar
produced
fourth
of
accurate
say, the most
may
the oriental bezoars.
have described
this
it from
Lapis
"
we
ahane
of
account
it thus
bottom
in
little known
also
Ind.
c.
APPENDIX
428
that it is
Rhases^
(volatile
?);
that
the
in
peraraents
the
and
kidneys
Arabian
the
degree,and
it
induces
Another
of
tru'e
hoariness
Aben
Amram,
third
degree,
it is
says,
and
gives
that
eflTect,
its
of
Avicenna's
often
and
is useful
holds
that
in
it cold
in
it ; says
shelter
wood
in
its
of
its
'
it is
to
it in
multitude
apostemes.
cold
the
in the
parts with
and
bowels,
to
and
from
he
describes
large tree
very
; that
he had
white, brittle,light,
was
dry
exactly the
this
that
vestiges of camphor.
and
the
astringents.
Antiqua^
of animals
it
that
prema-
body
succinct
more
some
is cold
hot
the
(De Simplicibus,344.)
procured
it,and
semen.
(Mesue
other
Medicina
hairs.
the
pores
nature
recommends
of
large doses
of
the
with
along
of it is much
giving
of
in
dry
masticatory
Camphor is
applied to inflamed
astringent of
hoariness
in
body.
and
induces
bowels,
of
engenders
says.
the
an
coldness
Mesuai
members
cholera
from
is
camphor
the
much
of the
as
epistaxis
and
intem-
too
and
members
is useful
when
the
quotation
contained
and
He
is useful
of
hair, and
comforts
the
seen
when
semen^
calls
cold
hot
brings on
authorities,Aben
astringent
account
of
capable
it
that
it in
quoted by him,
speciesof
several
recommends
the
as
induces
use
be
remove
body;
Arabian
rose-water, and
He
whole
authority,Meseab,
his
?)
to
vii.
ointments.
to
elder
senses
the
insomnolency
Another
raisins.
and
bladder
camphor
coagulatesthe
principallyin the colder
coldness^ and
with
fumigations and
it is calculated
says
head
it induces
third
all
[book
as
attenuate
used
ingredientin
common
TO
in
the
cases
same
He
second
degree.
Serapion does,
as
hot vertigo,and
namely, in inflammatory complaints,epistaxis,
He
acute
also, like Serapion's authorities,holds
ophthalmy.
that
it is
Rhases
anaphrodisiac
gives a
brief
of
impaired
his
any
digestionand
other
recommends
premature
the
of
whom
commends
merely rean
tance
acquain-
it that
third, like
it to be cold
the
authority of
of
hoariness
of
(ii,2, 130.)
the
upon
first of
relates
next
complaint ;
authorities,represents
and
the
six drachms
his took
camphor
Bimasui;
fluxes;
fluxes,
represses
of
account
and
hair.
and
dry
further
Serapiou^s
in the third
savs
(Contin.
of
some
that
1. ult.
it
degree,
induces
i, 147.)
In
SIMPLEvS.
Til.]
SECT.
another
and
calls it
he
work
it the
gives
429
and
cold, humid,
characters
same
subtile
the
as
?),
(volatile
other
authorities.
Mesne
for troches
of
gives a formula
(Ad Marisor. iii,22.)
in ardent
fevers,heat of the
camphor, which he recommends
and
bile and of the blood, hot intemperaments of the stomach
hectic.
of the liver,for intense
thirst, jaundice,phthisis,and
Trochiscis.
(De
in the
account
it is
says
in hot
cold
Medica.
and
He
impotence.
and
to
only
one
stop
the
of
the
the
hundred
He
being
and
is
tree
useful
most
in
and
hght
fistulous.
in
coldness
the
of
coagulatesthe blood.
Alimentis.) Myrepsus
but
it
is
"
He
in
most
one
Serapion, in
it,and
the
he
the
states
test
it to
India
of
that
it is produced
wood
from
of
as
heat,
that
it
vessels,and
its
purity. (De
the
the
herb
substance
phor,
camwe
iii,46.)
Fistula.
localities from
and
the
(De Unguent,
not.
third
camphor
mentions
means
fullyof
liver ; says
place,gives a pretty
that
spermatic
he
probably
first
states
place
whether
that
headaches
of the
Seth
large,so
recommends
mentions
Cassia
of Aben
and
kidneys
doubtful
treatingof;
of
sea
He
tatory,
sternu-
treats
very
and
in
occasioned
dry in the
groAvingin
its shade
diseases,in
acute
be
an-
case
Symeon
by
those
inflammations, especially
induces
arc
the
near
to
as
that
tree
it is said
sheltered
be
mountains
the
of
tear
or
gum
dantly
abun-
most
and
tooth.
and
of
some
says, it is
and
collyria,
it is cold
is useful
relates
stomach,
authorities
says
accurately.
produced
carious
Greek
produces
could
men
on
the
which
tree
in
tree
Like
over-dose, he
in
the
on
degree, and
it is
of the
tone
very
very
headaches.
an
gives a
camphor
and
sleeplessness,
hole
camphor, [caphura.)
degree ; that it is the
that
In
it is used
says
of
able
barbarous
very
Baithar
second
says
of thunder.
aphrodisiac,and induces
which
it destroyed the
is the
he
the
phor
cam-
been
not
its characters
bilious
and
quoted above,
in times
it in
Ebn
in the
dry
have
we
of
account
describes
intemperaments
others
but
of the formation
produces it,and
which
frequently recommends
works,
of his Materia
circumstantial
the
his
distinct
any
translation
He
of
course
discover
to
Abbas
i.) Haly
Arabia.
be of
accurate
which
Upon
sweet
tion
descrip-
it is
procured,
the
authority
taste, and
laxative
APPENDIX
430
tlie
of
of
the
to
in
Rhases,
efficacious
in
from
account
Serapion.
nature, and
It
is
useful, he
in action
that
in
says,
especiallyof
the
decoction
nightshade.
of
and
arthritic
says
it cleanses
bile
and
hot
when
it is
blood.
liver,and
it is
well
is of
of
is of
throat,
safe
of
evacuant
Mesne,
Marsenuce
throat
others.
the
as
(Contin.
the
bile,and
brings
pain of
the
1. ult.
same
it is full and
accurate.
which
he
be
has,
says,
the
myrobalans, rhubarb,
and
in
dryness
Diuretics
He
says
also
of
said
it is useful
virtues,he
assuages
thirst,
stomach, brings
kidneys,when
the
with
away
breast
taken
givesthe
He
of
some
commends
re-
same,
the
liver,of
it is
says
bile,clears
Of
throat.
of
the
all
the
fullest account
His
injurious action
by
the
mixture
mastich,
and
spikenard;
almond
it to the
laxative
blood,
cassia
Serapion's.
as
by mixing
the
it cleanses
says
also purges
add
to
away
Any
of
determine
to
of
i, 187.)
removed
water
bowels
the
are
may
the
aff'ections
terms
descriptionof
it
gout
cleanser
same
younger
nearly the
it is in
in
it in
authorities.Mesne
it, but
pain
of
says
quoted by
as
women,
is efficacious
and
and
quoted by Rhases,
as
pregnant
(?)recommends
ancient
of
Priscianus,
jaundice,
away
for
dyspnoea.
quoted by Rhases,
of
son
purgative to
with
alterative,an
"c.
and
bowels,
liniment
laxative.
prepared
jaundice
of
tening
mois-
and
tlie
it in
in
use
(De
and
The
gargle of
speaks
Badagorius, as
fistula,that
of
and
it is
says
it is resolvent
in
ative.
lax-
throat.
it,he
cold, but
praisesit
and
little different
apostemes
a
He
He
says it is
phlegm,
(ii,2, 192.)
of the
the
He
the liver.
throat
pains.
and
heat
to
as
In
laxative
the
it is but
described
Having
equal temperament
an
of
the
purifiesthe
it is
especiallythose
of
it
says
in
liver.
cholagogue
quoted by him,
quoted by him, says
as
of the
pains
it is
boils
and
apostemes
says
vii.
as
Avicenna's
of
that
he
[book
to
and
jaundice
apostemes,
Sirapl.xii.)
virtues
relieves
drachms
ten
Abengnefit,
nerves.
it
that
is useful
of three
it has
says
blood,
and
mouth,
dose
and
bowelsj
TO
oil with
urinary
to
it.
of
it.
passages.
As
to
its
and
with
throat, and
diuretics
and
is useful
in heat
the infusion
of
of
the
liquorice,
that
it
and
of
that
as
Mesue,
well-known
it is
not
it is
as
Egypt
softens
Cassia, and
other
the
Antidot.
and
it
as
Of
pipe tree,
purging
or
sometimes
cassia.
as
Pereira
(Pharmacol, i, 271)
Phannacop.
Boyle (M.
150)
in
it purges
gentle purgative
both
"c.
Black
alone
It
2.)
v,
it is
nerves,
name
Med.
large
sound,
says
the
calls
doses
the
occurs
of
See
Myrepsus.
have
been
treating
we
Cassia
The
in medicine
used
but
He
same
He
of
article
the
course
it.
is not
root
antidotes
the
nearly the
women,
the
by
(Meth.
ingredients in
elaborate
in moderate
; says
cleanses
it
medicines.
(i,xi.)
of will be
breast,
in ardent
very
about
bowels.
the
describes
recommends
with
among
the
Actuarius
(i,401.)
of
disturbance
is useful
givesa
much
say
in
growing
tree
produce
bile,
and
article,but
to
purgative,even
pregnant
occasions
hypercatharsis. If the
to
hot
need
we
also
Baithar
safe
doses
apt
Ebn
of this
account
correct
431
of stones, and
formation
the
prevents
fevers.
it
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
of
pulp
the
pods
is
still
M.
355.)
Senna.
If the
be
the
of
undoubtedly
article
of the
describes
the
who
Medica.
accuratelythe
inclined
are
we
first author
Materia
very
it
has
First
to
think
described
senna
his
on
aches
disturbances
and
chronic
purging
mixed
the
for
nerves,
under
fumitory
authority,declares
black
with
and
yellow bile,and
suitable
this
purge
medicines
head
adust
is
such
Rhases,
humours,
it
to
of
he
have
violets.
who
says
prove
fetid
breath,
and
watery
stomach
the
epilepsy.
power
cordial
His
that
useful
the
pruritus. (De Simpl. 58.) Under
Avicenna
he
brieflynotices an article which
being abstergent and desiccant in pruritus and
neck,
of
recommends
great
acting as
as
and
an
melancholy, for
alopecia,phthiriasis,
and
of the
seeds
Abix,
of
as
authority he
own
so),he
head
of
Avhen
last authority
senna
and
in
scabies
of sahane
recommends
as
scabies,in pain
(watcrbrash?)
.
APPENDIX
432
This
account
inclined
are
we
[book
think
to
gives almost
Rhases
2, 651.)
(ii,
TO
refer
must
the
exactly
to
senna,
description
same
In
his work
(Contin. 1. ult. i, 596.)
of Sene
Mansor.^
(viii,54), he gives the account
quoted
and
from
'Divis.'
(i,144.)
Haly
again at
Serapion,
of
the
and
yellow
and
in
Mesne
the
describes
The
to
best
be
the
part
next
the
leaves
the
stomach
by
its
He
also
said
are
tendency
recommends
it
to
with
fresh
say, the
with
black
bath
in the
head
the
as
bile,and
chronic
as
dye,
and
called
plant now
melanogogue,
and
purges
them
epilepsy,and
says
The
former
of sene,
says
in
to
four
from
it purges
8.)
antidotes
of
are
other
Sene
moderately
occurs
Myrepsus,
an
as
as
c.
it
readily
and
dispels
when
of
applied
sight and
Ebn
calls
Baithar
those
it
it is
of
the
cholagogue
inferior
two
black
in Arabia
with
in
drachms,
seven
says
diseases.
is from
of it
arisingfrom
also
it is better
latter
says
senses
mixed
He
and
senses,
decoction
leaves
He
the
parations
pre-
fevers
He
penetrates
says
to
the
it.
of gout.
of the
dose
the
inermis.
many
He
that
it
and
Simpl. xv.)
(De
its leaves
cases
great
v,
(^leth. Med.
the
fevers.
that
quotes Paulus.
of the
remedy
Laivsonia
and
powder.
these
deobstruent
improving
interestingdescriptionof
gives an
used
as
proving
hearing, and
to
the
lungs, proves
speaks favorably of
also
last of
virtues,he
and
senses,
He
its
to
bile,cleanses
adust
and
spleen,the
sorrow.
spikenard. As
and
prunes
purges
of
folliculus
parts
has
senna
The
juice of the grape.
he
praisesas cleansing the brain
also speaks favorably of
He
creating joy.
is to
he
is the
these
operation,he
"c.
be mixed
to
almonds,
plant resembling
says,
As
both
rheumatism,
of
both
and
colour.
green
of
plant,he
Abbas
pui'ges
and
gout
folliculus
best
of
in
which
raisins,oil
with
of the
when
weaken
useful
above
Purgatives. (Pract.
on
medicine
is
as
senna
chapter
as
mixed
when
colics
(legume ?),and
to
bile,and
black
tare.
it
recommends
He
ii,54.)
his
accuratelyin
it
Ad
'
sahane.
describes
vii.
extremities,
praisesit in scabies,
By
mistake
some
decoction
to
three
(i,57.)
in doses
of
472.
in
drachms,
Actuarius
drachm,
one
ingredient
112, 465,
than
in
several
Under
this bead
to
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
to
beg,before concluding,
would
we
Ind.
Ainslie's Mat.
as
It will be there
(i,205).
is stillused
senna
^Ethiopia
433
that in
seen
dye.
Berberis.
and
as
others
on
Oribasius,
Mesne,
Badigorius,
from
gives extracts
Rhases
and
styptic,
being lithontriptic,
no
seems
Pioscorides
from
givesextracts
with
Galen
that
suppose
He
this article.
and
incisive,
coolingand
and
to
reason
represents
alexipharmic.He
says
it
there
he
which
substance,
under
they
this
recommends
head,but
at
were
it
all
being
as
quainted
ac-
and
liver.
He
also
and in diseases
liver,
See also Aviceuua
and uterus.
of the stomach
{\\,9.) The
recommended
is
kinson,
by Gerard, Parvulgaris)
berberiy{Berberis
and
all
old
our
herbalists
and
day
of the
with weakness
diarrhoea connected
as
medicine
astringent
an
liver.
Even
at the
present
to"^Pharmacop.
former
of these
seems
to
475.)
Galanga.
(Antid.iii.)Serapionhanng
of Isaac ebn Amram
the avithority
described it,upon
says
of it,that it is hot and diy in the third degree,is useful
to phlegmatic
(waterpersons, and in humidityof the stomach
and
the
solution
which
its
heat
brash ?); promotes digestion
by
calls it stomachic.
Rhases
it occasions
in the
stomach,
in
and
the
warms
HI.
same
cases
are
to
assigned
relieves
kidnevs
colic,gives
it sets
thus
virile.
it
by
Aben
The
same
mouth,
virtues
Mesuai, and
28
the
also
APPENDIX
434
Aben
wlio
Mesabah,
same
is to
that
of subtile
is useful
it to be
and
parts
in colic and
314
(ii,2,
of
In
holds
the
which
and
stomach
acidityof
of the
food
body
(i,63
galangal, "c.
virtues
it
to
digestion,
to
be
beneficial
in
indigestion;
it contains
the
"
(1.ult. i,323.)
is
there
aphrodisiacal.
given by
Rliases
Myrepsus
"
an
antidotus
in affections
for
also
of the
singultus,
ness
cold-
cloves,ginger, cinnamon,
Baithar
Ebn
thus
Serapion ;
as
of
also, 222.)
is
the
in the
whole
'
gree,
de-
second
it renders
of it is
account
of
is said
saj^s that
kidneys,and
Continens
'
in the
stomach, promotes
same
spleen, and
the
the
dry
livers
it, de-
Serapion,
as
powers
and
hot
of the
pharmaceutical work
Galanga,"
same
The
in the
Mesne,"
for
pains
2, 6.)
; v,
its medicinal
carminative,
fragrant, is good
breath
Son
of
vii.
tations.
eruc-
described
A^'icennaJ having
account
say, he
colic and
it in flatulent
recommends
[book
TO
he
ascribes
it is
says
the
wonderful
wholly
Pereira
unknown
of
says
of the
Lewis
also
its
and
lesser
but
On
Med.
them,
considered
the
Galangal
the
to
and
warm
in
order
in
the
to
Ainslie
and
understand
place
first
given by
the
former
of
of
officinalis)
with
Professor
to
Zeduaria
Rox.
The
English
It has
It
a
is
galanga.
of the
roots
Indian
the
greater
doctors,
in infusion."
will
Zeduary
Dr.
(Ibid.)
root
{Radix
to
appears
the
tuber
aromatic,
round
bitter
of
stances
sub-
says
of
Zeduaria
to
me
of
sliced
necessary
these
Pereira
description
Avarra,
be
descriptions of
druggists
Guibourt's
Lindley (Veg.
galangal, which
(jSIat.Ind., i, 140.)
authorities.
the
and
subject it
the
see
"
(Zeduaria rotunda).
by
is
It
Zerumbeth.
this
modern
these
used
coughs, given
further
is agreeably
698.) See
i, 447) ; Quincy
racemosa
pungent
only
not
useful
see
alpinia
of
Dr.
Med.
(Mat.
species
two
Zeduaria
In
Roxb."
(Mat. Med.
Pharmacop.
26)
are
galangals are
are
odour
aromatic.
; Hill
the
to
the
'^
Medica.
Materia
and
peppery
452)
There
refers
the
on
galangce officinalis
; its
taste
(Suppl.
Kingd. 166.)
Dr.
Lindley
says of
writers
Aljnnia Galanga
(Mat.
(72) ; Gray
He
radix
"
aromatic,
rhizome
the
to
agree
Zeduary
Curcuma
taste, and
an
APPENDIX
436
feet in
soles of the
He
will be
for the
taken
68)
macop.
used
as
310)
in
the
been
have
also Manardus
See
same.
The
it
to
one
often
was
Phar-
(Royal
Zeduary
often
was
(Pemberton, Dispensatory,
and
Mithridate,
the
length,
account
one
Charras
INIoses
costus
of
composition
substances
two
for the
the
that
potence.
im-
nearly allied
were
in
remove
above
the
doubt
no
further
See
other.
succedaneimi
is
in fact there
and
another,
to
vii.
useful
prove
considerable
at
From
substances
two
to
part affected,and
the
nigra, (ii,95.)
that these
seen
head,
and
separately,
also treats
Zeduaria
of the
into
[book
the
complaints of
rubbed
leprosy when
TO
these
hence
for
sometimes
erroneously taken
ad
Mesne
the
and
Baithar
plant
be
to
seems
which
says
astringent,and
hence
He
they
saj'S
headaches
as
in
being
not
but
of the
sometimes
are
ancient
697)
attenuant
He
promote
digestion.
faintings,and
the
than
larger.
Guinea
by
kind
smaller
describes
the
cure
We
are
grains, as
other
any
they
of
the
We
and
need
Gray (Suppl. to
have
Pharm.
and
Romans
it is true, in
written
on
such
Avicenna
in the
shown
and
Greeks
He
and
described
called, being
spicy
describes
27)
Pereira
(Mat.
Med.
We
cortex
He
it
arc
epilepsy and
in
more
Macis
many
they
grains of paradise,or
known,
See
that
calls
He
which
article
is the
India.
and
stomachic
prove
authorities.
well
now
them
sternutatory.
weaker
aware
of
this
(i,272).
of Yemen
useful
are
Paradisi.
that
describe
out
comes
and
kinds,
two
doubt
no
to
means
Grana
but
instances
it
says
this
the
(meaning, of
and
The
mace.
not
what
prove
reference
the
the
Macer
Arabian
the
their
that
involucre)of
an
the
authorities,
Greeks
had
identity,for
nux
mace
astringent
in
is the
moschata.
it proves
of
in their works.
occur
authority of Mesne,
course,
as
quote
does
of confused
says, upon
medicine,
place that
proper
not
was
moschata.
describing Mace
Macer,
recommends
Nux
fluxes
uterine
of
the
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
437
bowels
in
and
stomach,
He
(ii,2, 495.)
cloves, and
it resembles
(1. ult.
as
aud
be
the
of
Baithar's
Avicenna.
that
held
It will be
as
and
which
are
of
given
of
of Aetius
in
the
the
of the
date,
Latin
the
examined
the
fact.
authorities,
Miseaben,
Mesuai,
and
other
to
plaints
comlargements
en-
Ebn
Simpl. 161.)
(De
Ainslie
(Mat.
still
Hindoos
For
not
It
may
be
aU
found
which
where
else-
suspicions,
strengthened by the
contained
in that chapter
much
formulae
well
at
Aetius,
Our
authorities.
been
of these
appears
were
be
to
are
wanting
in the two
Library at Oxford.
of
through the kindness
part
It
of
one
Bodleian
this
articles
always suspected
have
we
and
202, 249.)
these
use
Romans
aud
chapter but
Greek
Ind.
medicines.
Greeks
translation
the nutmeg
On
aromatics
have
of the
many
positivelyascertained
who
last
of Indian
old
in the
is Sera-
articles
identical.
to
nutmeg.
works
discovery that
as
the
number
in the
writer,
are
stomachic
and
whether
us
genuineness
contains
the
that
seen
with
acquainted
refer
to
cardiac, hepatic,
to
to be
Mace
beg
there
doubtful
the
He
would
we
mace
principallyfrom Rhases
evidentlydisapprovesof the opinion of those
this head
under
Macer
liver.
and
spleen
extracts
and
mace
the
and
breath, indigestion,and
fetid
in
stomach,
heart,
ancient
in flatulence
astringent,useful
aud
of the
representing them
in
all agree
They
Rhases.
aromatic
of
ebn
Isaac
electuary of
Arabian
this head
The
of these
fullest account
givesthe
who
however,
his
nutmeg
ingredients.(De Electariis,i.)
of its
two
iii, 30,)
astringentin
an
for affections
liver,mentions
of the
coldness
and
liver.
and
Mansor.
as
that
moschata,
stomach
it
this head.
under
INIesue,in
liver.
recommends
he
lignum aloes,which
stomach,
and
stomach
of the
coldness
it is
says
stops vomiting,
nux
(Ad
recommends
dry, and
and
calls it hot
he
it
the
the
work
other
his
In
507.)
for
good
is
he
authorities
Greek
no
'Continens,'
says brieflyof
in his
Rhases,
quotes
oils
In
pessaries,and
also in
and
pain,
of
sedative
urine.
of
difficulty
in
MSS.
to
at
take
our
This
Dr.
have
Greenhill,
request
this
we
MSS.
to
tain
ascer-
opportunity
of
APPENDIX
TO
originalof
tlie last
438
statingtliat
we
have
Indicse
the
In
1845.
it must
above,
not
was
Kapva
be obvious
now
conclusion
mace.
the
vaGKa"pQovof
(See
the
Commentary
of the
Cocos
minutely
noticed
by
Rhases
treats
in
us
of
food,
of it very
of
fullyas
it that
oil of it is useful
both
of the
and
he further
quotes Bemasuy
(Cont.
i, 506.)
1. ult.
account
same
He
juicesweet
are
to
away
the
as
he
but
tapeworm,
knew
his account
of
to
be
it is the
laxative,and
another
Haly
nerves
in
Mesne
notices
useful
in
the
nervous
voice, fattens,and
oleum
there
pains,purges
engenders
complaints
inner
of the
Rhases
as
its oil
brings
(ii,2, 498.)
that
the
palm-tree,
that
cocoa-nut,
otherwise
but
two
authorities
says
that
it
nuce
the
semen.
the
the Nux
ex
much
The
authorities,one
it is
that
word,
is not
it is old.
descriptionof
and
hemicrania, paralysis,
"
for
word
lumbrici.
as
medicine.
dry
and
that
recommends
Abbas
and
ascarides
same
as
of this character
say
his Arabian
Of
hot
same
of
also
I.
hemorrhoids
in
not
fruit
of Book
tapeworm,
does
fuller
the
akeady quoted.
is
he
somewhat
Serapion givesa
which
exactly the
vermifuge
and
when
that
as
off",
taken
it in
recommends
; and
understand
been
tensely
cocoa-nut, he says, is in-
flesh of the
its
be
it
externallyin pains
gives,almost
and
says, is to
does, only
Avicenna
The
juice in it,we
he
it to be
have
to
sect,
the
in confirmation
of it.
white,
bark,
held
describe
and
article,
away
his authorities
81st
works
in the
ought
internallyand
flatulence
All
it
dietetical
Itineraryof
the
Arabians
the
on
it purges
and
of it.
that
so
Commentary
our
medicine, saying
the
in
The
medicine.
on
article
an
mention
first mention
the
i, 268)
of it is made
writers
as
H.
H.
Wahab.
Greek
of the
sitive
poMed.
Mat.
article.)
this
occurs
No
stated
at the
Greek
or
cocoa-nut,
niicifera,
and
Abuzeid
nuces
Indica.
Sprengel (R.
to
the
on
Oxford
have
we
arrived
have
that
cursory
(109), the
what
From
we
brief visit to
Gr.'
vii.
of Aetius
from
than
very
Canon.
that
Nux
According
Iv^iko..
called
are
named
MS.
'
eight books
further
personal acquaintance
of these MSS.
during
no
examination
in
tlie
with
[book
Indica
as
comforter
of the
epilepsy.(Pract.ii,38,248.)
Indica,^^which,
lungs
and
he
says, is
Baithar
and
the
Avill find
his
it in
of
'
the
publicationon
'
plaints
com-
The
of
account
Ainslie
Dr.
; and
Indica/ i, 451
Materia
toxicating
in-
worms.
what
with
times
above
the
authorities
ancient
work,
intestinal
compare
cine
medi-
in certain
it is useful
other
and
interestingto
it
the
from
cocoa
taenia
urine, in
of the
as
is at
its milk
says
that
and
aphrodisiaCj
and
reader
He
food.
of
article
an
both
cocoa-palm
of tlie
interestingaccount
gives an
439
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
says
Lindley
Vegetable Kingdom/
(136.)
Bdellium.
113), and
speciesof
oriental
other
called
Palm
Ainslie
Royle (Antiq. of
The
substances,
under
the
indebted
to
gener,
con-
i, 272)
90)
Med.
Hindoo
however,
term,
stated
have
we
as
H.
H.
Sprengel (R.
See
Thebaica.
Hijphcene
another
flubelliformis
; or
Borassus
that
either
included
have
writers,
(ii,
2,
Avicenna
this head
under
that
supposed
been
It has
applied
was
head.
proper
Tamarindi.
is
There
for
in
are
we
of this
implies
His
willow.
Csesaria
Its leaves
it.
with
held
he
that
medicine.
from
Arabian
first
to
in
those
of the
from
in
grows
is of
In
India.
third
the
quainted
unac-
fruit,which
its
says
been
it
says
pulp, is brought
be cold
authorities,
resemble
to
Mesuai,
much
has
it is said
temperament
said
are
Serapion,
have
to
authority, Abohanifa,
; and
Greeks
the
Arabians
the
important
which
that
knowledge
first
our
doubt
no
the
of
power
similar
account
nearly
the
bile,
opens
the
the
of prunes.
llhases
says
bowels,
the
cold
nature,
loosen
(Ad
Mausor.
iii,49.)
in the
second
thirst
ult.
i,699.)
in another
bowels,
repress
Avicenna
extinguishesyellow
On
and
vomiting,
and
is said
Its action
(Contin. 1.
it
says,
removes
stomach.
of Tamarinds
he
thus,
of it in
writes
Rhases
terms
same
strengthens
that
of it.
to
his
be
similar
authority
own
place,that they
intense
cold
laxative,and
more
of
are
bile and
calls Tamarinds
to
blood.
and
dry
attenuant
440
TO
APPENDIX
than
and
prunes^
vomiting,
and
thirst
is relaxed.
and
contain
They
other
in
He
dates,
in which
gives a
As
copy.
the
to
second
cold affections
mace,
further
in order
minute
and
beneficial
infusion
their
and
not
in
dry
effects in
bad
to be
compound.
in inflammation
stops vomiting,
and
of
it,and
of the
connected
all heat
thirst,removes
is
heat
Ebn
(De Simpl.)
ounces.
is full and
accurate, but
useful
it,is
in addition
the information
to
who
authorities
him.
which
nature. Tamarinds,
of
fi'om
two
have
(See
five
importance
extracted
Vol.
to
Tamarinds
of
anything
we
jaundice,
fevers
descriptionof
which
preceded
in
in acute
contain
not
is
with
Baithar's
does
blood,
stomach, quenches
says,
of the
liver and
medicine
good
the
be
require to
in the
of
ebullition
the
them
need
we
cold
are
India.
directions
bile,represses
other
which
being
He
stomach,
directs
in
bowels
very
he
as
growing
correct
to
the
open
Tamarinds
they
says,
syncoptic fevers,
to
palms
it
with
of goats, the
he
he
when
mixed
whey
simple
and
of the
wild
vii.
excessive
stomach
in
descriptionof them,
temperament
degree ;
the
brace
describes
fruit of
minute
very
they stop
it is necessary
Mesne
the
or
and
beneficial,he adds,
2, 691.)
gently, (ii,
acidulous
tliat
juice :
fevers,
are
disorders
less
[book
from
the
I, 212.)
Myrobalani.
We
before
authorities
with
As
stated
have
the
in the
on
held
of
Med.
place
in
and
have
not
either
as
Mesne,
Quincy,
They
Indies,
well
are
in
far
Europe,
as
we
of
Balanus,
period were
bear
now
again, in the
the
of
name
Myrobalans.
from
modern
ties.
authori-
by Geoffroy, Alston,
and
other
the
are
British
described
latelybeen
or
have
by
our
been
writers
on
the
Dispensatory
by Boerhaave
used
in the
we
instance, to give,
described
many
Greek
in this countrv,
present
of them
account
the
that
entirelyunacquainted
scarcely known
now
brief
first place,a
They
time
are
find it convenient
shall
They
the Arabian
substances
head
the
fruits which
stone
these
under
as
tlie Commentators
]\Iat. Med.
late
as
the
in his Mat.
practiceof
cine
medi-
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
described
all writers
by
ancient
both
tbem,
on
and
modern,
and
Chebulic, Emblic,
Citrine, Belleric,
the
namelv,
441
Indian.
see
Sprengel (R. H. 11.
particulardescriptionof them
Ind.
Eoyle Antiq. of
i, 236), and
(]SIat.
i, 262) ; Ainshe
Hindoo
According to the last of these authors, the
Med.)
For
Black
Combretacese
called
now
of the
Chebula
belonging
to
while
Phyllanthus Emblica,
natural
tribe
the
fifth
Emblic
called
now
Citrine
The
Myrobalans.
in hemorrhoids
useful
recommends
Indian,
them
medicines
is the
to
hend
appre-
on
stomachic.
The
generallyholding that
stomachic, and that they are
in
Sarac, the
the heart.
stomachic
purgative
in
agreed
be
to
seem
of
fruit
Badigorias
to
medicines
diseases
in mental
of
of
authorities
Black
purgative and
as
Beleric,of
able
Indian
of
palpitation
and
be
now
and
and
cholagogue
are
or
See
officinalis.
Yellow, according
or
are
authors.
or
Emblica
shall
Arabian
seAcral
quotes
Chebulic,
fourth
the
the
the
and
Citrine,
or
Tei'ininalia
the
product of
the
Yellow
the
Indian,
or
holding
that
compounded
power
with
he
Ad
Mansor.
the
to pui'ge,
dose
proper
drachms.
twenty
the
Kebulic,
and
Emblic,
or
minutely
their
virtues
medicines,
as
in
useful
the
bilious
they
they
are
of the
the
distinctions
eves,
think
among
it
all
;
cold
are
in
in the
leprosy.
He
sorrow.
necessary
last,we
states
in those
and
them
black
of
ten
to
balans,
myro-
Indian,
the
suppose,
the
describes
their
first
general
degree
and
useful
and
jtalpitation
minute
not
that
all kinds
with
do
that
the
officinalis. He
Emblica
complaints
panied
we
myrobalans is from
four species of
describes
specificdifferences,and
in diseases
them
the
in order
says, that
he
citrine
Citrine, nnripe,
of
second
colour, and
of
Chinese, meaning by
fruit
in the
latter work
the
Avicenna
namely,
dry
In
viii,54.)
as
to
to
He
of the
also
medicinal
enter
upon,
are
the
recommends
chest
accom-
states
several
powers,
which
(ii,2, 449.)
TO
APPENDIX
442
Serapion
writes
describes
four
quoted by
him
generally agi'eed,that
are
cordial, and
Indian,
hot
bitterness,purge
useful
melancholy,
astringent,and
and
the
strengthen
the
at
and
senses
of
maintains
quoted by him,
as
in
the
and
nausea
but
preparation of them,
of
myrobalans
dropsy,and
the
Kebulic,
black
colour
time
He
trees.
with
the
like ; but
remarks
ranks
them
for, he adds,
strengthen
only bad
the
interestingto
cii'cumstantial
prevent
from
us
Blessed
effect,he
operation,he adds,
them
with
cold
in the
from
of
the
them
administering
plums, jujubes,
not
are
much
now
learn his
gives a
mja'obalans,which
full
giving at
INIedicines
length.
He
{medicinis benedictis);
do
the
not
weaken
whole
body.
but
The
scammony.
degree
is
He
and
dry
gathered
says, which
Their
for
account
stomach, heart,liver,and
first
according to
also
be
the
India, whereas
black
Sebesteu
in
For
INIesue
the
with
kind.
limits
necessary
Some
to
and
elaborate
for
for the
upon.
from
are
induce
they
readers
not
this
on
black
substances
of these
most
leprosy,
most
it would
known,
very
as
they
prunes,
as
the
sellingKebulic
of
others
directions
minute
substances, such
true
and
which
at
that
enter
brought
are
says,
growth
gives very
other
and
our
their
of
for the
in
directions
mistake
the
yellow
are
some
shall not
we
fall into
myrobalans, he
black
of the
these
stomach;
Sarac,
useful
gives minute
says,
apothecaries,he
true
Honaiu
vomiting.
"c.
possess
eccoprotic,that they
are
nerves,
the
time
same
whet
the
authorities
myrobalans
bile and
prove
The
vii.
wliicli he
Indian,
or
(Emblic?).
citrine
Chinese
tbe
astringency with
are
Black
and
Kebulic,
of
myrobalanSj
elaboratelyon
very
[book
in the second.
from
most
the
use
His
of
directions
them,
and
for
circumstantial,and bespeak
intimate
in the
joy
and
APPENDIX
444
or
the
this
to
term
preceding
further
was
commentary
considering
is often
H.
Sprengel (R.
further
See
H.)
Pereira
term
falls
the
from
heaven
Ainslie
he
Its virtues
to
the
and
and
thirst.
dose
The
We
mention
authorities
on
thorns.
Avicenna's
of
Serapion
that
of
it.
Mesne,
and
manna
it
as
another
and
of his works
coryza,
he
ingredients of
his
chapter
on
being
useful
being
in
(Ad
aerium
which
worth
drachms.
all the
and
abundantly
like
so
to
that
abstract
any
scription
de-
same
and
intermittent
these
fevers.
expectorant decoction,
(ix,51)
aerium
quara
he
prescribes
fistula,and
givesan
consulting,although
"
ties
authori-
expectorant,
chest,
quenching
the
All
i, 711.)
and
Mansor.
appellant.^^Mesue
for
give
gentle purgative
acute
cassia
the
complaints,
most
subject is
honey.
Amram,
twenty
gives nearly
ult.
is "marina,
angina
by
of prunes.
Serapion
to
it
prescribes an
containing tamarinds,
mel
also
(Contin. 1.
as
and
is found
it
temperament,
same
to
superfluous
the
upon
Chuz.
represent
and
Hhases
ten
of this
be
the
that
it falls from
jujubes, or
that
manna
account
it would
(ii,2, 694.)
of
that
say
ebn
hot
fevers
from
mention
may
of
it in
be
to
ties,
proper-
moistening
of
water
of ardent
is said
in
inflammation
in the
also
and
persons
recommend
authorities
other
with
appear
granulated
Isaac
(Veg.
describes
says
authority of
bowels,
dissolved
especially when
His
it suits
that
roris, and
resembles
the
the
opening
adds
he
trees, and
who
to
seem
Serapion
mel
or
i, 209)
Lindley
are
of the
its medicinal
and
trees.
we
Ind.
Arabians,
with
honey-dew,
states, upon
in
consist
928)
have
probably
works
(Mat.
M.
(M.
the
upon
certain
upon
the
Tereniaben
of
name
above
it with
the
the
lioney-
We
then
work.
reading
in the
the
to
it
in
puzzle
also
vii.
applied
stated
El/Bomeli, that
Altogether
manna.
authorities.
ancient
oi
and
of this
179
head
the
have
we
as
section,
I, pp. 178,
under
species of
thus,
this
[book
ancients, however,
The
the
on
Vol.
in
mentioned
some
now
insect.
au
A'arietyof
described
deiv
of
puncture
TO
In
hoarseness
one
of the
appellant.^^
a
laxative
manna
and
virtues
it
contains
medicine
quam
elaborate
In
account
of manna,
nothing
veteres
of the
which
of any
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
of the
manna
and
Like
ash.
the
confound
to
moreover
appear
Rhases.
be
drachms.
fifteen
of
further
is
Melleus
that
detergent
more
fevers, moistens
than
sugar,
cools
yellow bile,
manna
of
manna
as
He
"c.
ash.
two
purgative medicines
children
and
pregnant
women.
thing
any-
may
(Meth.
Med.
Ros
Chorasan
proves
the
true
fistula
be
memory,
to
cassia
which
Haly
the
the
alludes
mentions
Actuarius
the
found
chest,
thirst,improves
evidently
six to
in
the
the
from
says
trees
ardent
purges
to
falls upon
manna
Averrhoes,
these
of
the
throat,
dose
of
in
is useful
it
last
which
holds
liaA^e not
works
the
The
Baithar.
substance
in
interest
Ebn
and
Abbas,
We
Simpl. 8.)
(De
The
would
with
the
softens
the
on
He
thuris
manna
to
above
stated
authorities,he
other
the
is
what
to
Serapion, Avicenna,
of
authority
addition
in
great importance
445
and
safelygiven
v.)
Turpeih.
There
be
can
Khases
recommends
titious
humours
from
(Contin. 1.
joints, as
bringing
crude
the
it with
tripolium
he
says
property
mental
not
to
be
we
the
one
treats
to
The
turpeth, is
He
drachms.
of it in his
to
principally
557.)
two
it be
chapter on
descriptionof
ancient
Mesue
author
the
younger
gives a circumstantial
ginger, as
and
Galen,
who
its horrid
it the
we
the
or
medicine
marks
itself.
He
by
The
not.
treated
work
taste,
character.
same
sound
in his
as
Arabian
Other
alone.
taken
has
founds
con-
authority of Aben
purging viscid phlegm,
and
the
minutely, and
very
whether
determine
may
from
medicine
ter.
charac-
Serapion
depressionby
of
two
nerves
with
if mixed
Upon
His
same
of the
of Dioscorides
head.
that
recremen-
presents
describing it, re-
(ii,2, 701.)
humours,
assigns it the
that it brings on
Mesuai
but
under
stated
have
and
and
the
after
diseases
in
Turpethum.
joints.
Chuz, give it
Avicenna,
efficacious
crude
other
and
being phlegmagogue,
away
Convolvulus
purging
elder,and
i, 729.)
being
as
for
knees
the
the
ult.
it is the
that
turpeth
authorities,Mesue
it
doubt
no
which
dose
is
Abbas
himself
(Pract. ii,2,
fully of
Simpl.' (11.)
most
'De
full directions
446
APPENDIX
for
as
recommends
of
it
from
much
in
whether
that
We
We
of the
have
not
the
great
work
of
Actuarius
found
for
reason
of Ebn
is the
of the
the
long
Convolvulus
place
into
disuse.
being
in gout,
known
the
have
the
that
it
turpeth
of
See
turpeth as
in his days
It is still
Gray (Suppl.
known
not
had
fallen
has
ii,384.)
was
of the
article
years
satisfied
the
to
Arabian
the
neither
period, that it was
already stated, nor yet the Alypias, as
It has
been
long used as a purgative
have
we
late
Ind.
in
Ainslie, treating
rough purgative.
supposed.
by the Hindoo
medicine
Med.
as
M.
the
identity.
say
present
of
be
The
cathartic, recommended
as
are
before
but
been
interest
is to
Dr.
Our
leprosy.^^(Mat.
shops
We
Tripolium,
some
resinous
says
Med.,
(M.
dropsy, and
in
Greeks
Mat.
Alston
Pharm.)
to
the
9.)
v,
tive
preserva-
their
this head.
"
turpetUum,
in
strong
Med.
He
It has
of much
pityusa, that
stances^
sub-
Commentators
questioning
under
Baithar
root
(See his
additional
anything
of Mesne
turpeth
Arabians.
other
as
vii.
evacuant
an
skin.
of the
the
not
or
little
see
joints,and
of the
diseases
other
and
phlegmagogue,
diseases
leprosy and
as
c.)
1.
principallyas
disputed
same
bad
humours
gross
[book
correcting its
such
TO
Wise
See
physicians.
(Hindoo
145.)
Dende.
Serapion gives
hayse,
it
describes
and
vomit,
to
take
to
demulcent
mentions
it is
Babylonia, along
who
person
and
such
a
other
herb
that
Yemen,
where
is attended
of medicines
and
answer
laxative
manna,
countries
and
powers
the
like
catharsis,he
so
says,
as
combined,
and
that
which
such
of
directed
astringentsof
Arabic,
used
he
adds
and
that
whereas
great rains, no
possesses
He
"c.
in India
dry country,
with
part
it
in
class
astringent
turpeth,myrobalans,
But
deMd, he says, answers
only in cold
it brought on
(China?). When
hyperhe directed
his patient to sit in a cold hip-
like.
Seni
well
hot
of
Bend
strongly, and
with
purgatives,but
great debilityin
heat
much
the
of it is
taken
in drink
induces
the
speaks
purslane, gum
as
medicinal
with
He
it purges
has
milk
of
account
of it.
that
states
butter
nature,
that
species
and
A
tenesmus.
lengthened
very
two
being poisonous,
induces
as
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
and
batlij
to
cold
get
447
dashed
water
description of
388.) Aviceiina^s
it to be
directs
Scrapion. He
and
country,
purges
Abbas,
Haly
however,
of it
Euphorbia,
description of
Arboreus
in
strongest
and
sharp,
the
and
humours
countries,
owing
excoriate
the
used
Sprengel
but
of
is
apud
Ebn
is at
least
in
said
it
3G;
be
to
the
and
the
best and
as
mentions
be
St.
found
of
an
(M.
that
it had
1.
been
that
respect,
Royle
(Antiq.
Sonthcimer
coluhrinmn
lignum
been
used
(Mat.
]\Ied.
693)
Dr.
c.) that
the
Pereira
it contains
Bean.
but
It has
(922.)
anthelminthic.
M.
See
(739); and
cinally
medi;
Gray
mentions
ncarlv
Lindlcy
the
lignum colubrinum,
it that
as
Hill
We
feel much
Tiylium.
See
counteracted
doubt
we
that
the
calls the
that
same
tree,
Strychnos Ugustrina,
used
in
paralysisof
to
strychnos colubrinus;
whom
; Pereira
deleterious
demulcents.
no
the
to
best
are
or
dende.
the
Ignatius'
the
this violent
purgative,and
other
little
Pereira
it, and
drastic
and
still think
and
bear
wisely
ought to be
effects
lac,
times.
58);
extremities,and
hot
552)
We
modern
mentions
as
Croton
Med.
and
common,
counteracting its
referringit
applicableto
analvsed
for
authorities,for
Mat.
are
and
Egypt,
avoided.
gum
the
of
medicines
Its bad
in
Baithar.
furnishes
Royle
Indian,
said
minute
remarks
could
be
to
ingredientsas
which
the
not
authorities,Honain,
act
to
there
(Pharmacop.
had
gives
it cannot
body,
given
are
right
Med.
and
He
countries
these
severe
intestines.
was
held
Hind.
and
his
countries
late,certain
have
he
of
think
to
German
Ricinus,
of the
emetic, butter,
an
is
of
Baithar,
least his
the
Chinese,
first
the
in
relaxation
directions
It
by
fluxes
in all hot
effects.
the
the
Irak,
as
One
INIinute
it is
works
Ebn
at
We
the
to
these
of it in the
or
says,
it
says
joints,(ii,
2, 215.)
supposed.
"
He
its
its
such
medicine.
that
of
because
Yemen,
kinds
three
cold
restrain
to
Averrhoes.
He
in
only
saffron.
traces
nor
had
some
as
and
the
that
say,
is
calculated
any
fully.
him
makes
from
Mesne,
administered
starch
discover
to
Rhases,
treats
translator
an
able
been
not
dende
substances
as
operations, such
and phlegm
humours
violent
have
with
along
Ms
over
in India
the
seeds
the
Dr.
of
448
APPENDIX
the
tiglium
croton
Arabians.
meant
Is
the
as
it
[book
him
given
were
not
TO
that
probable
more
succedaneum
of the
the
as
dende
climd
they
vii.
of
the
merely
were
Fel.
Serapion
bel
others^
two
of this substance
treats
but
and
Sprengel
JEfjle marmelos,
And
now
fruit
haAdng
grain
like that
is
hel has
the
He
like
and
that
in
hemorrhoids.
He
298.)
Dr.
known
to
Ainslie
and
261),
H.
of the
his
says
the
inflation
toriaj"
the
and
nerves,
virtues
agree
well
cannot,
Fel
of it thus
to
Ind.
Tiglium.
The
grana
tiglia are
nucula
cathartica
p.
540,
appears
to
that
the
with
however,
known
and
pretend
medicinal
and
determine
to
i,
were
fell (Serapion
the
name
also in his R.
Dr.
of
Hill
says
the
ricinus
of
purga-
of the
powers
1. ult.
quarta Moluccana
Serapion, Rhases,
by
the
us
manner,
nuts
under
Croton
further
above
of
the
medicine,
croton
Sprengel
106.)
of
like
(Contin.
the
"
-virtues of the
Avicenna,
croton
what
Fel,
do
not
tiglium.
We
substance
the
was.
S ant alum
Avicenna
pterocarpi
is
sen
Indian
Indian
The
"
radix
those
in
of
account
^'
in inflation
like
are
mandragora.
See
"c.
given
Fel
the
are
Certainly it
as
of
writes
grains :
they
of hemorrhoids,
well-known
Molucca
kind
those
grains." (Mat.
refers
part which
is the
Arabian
were
of Molucca
H.
like
the
intermediate
being
the
it
it
filbert,containing
describes
it,he adds,
calls
relaxation
He
tained^
ascer-
sel is the
the
Indi.^'
useful
having
well
Avicenna
nenufaris
with
as
colour
it relieves
says
been
never
Fel, Serapion
covering
white,
head
same
see
to
the
agreed
are
larger pine,its
and
in the
medicine,
of
which
of the
(c. 261.)
fructus
Ainslie
external
an
yellow
which
and
regard
administered.
Fuel,
The
on
with
between
sel.
under
describes
two
santalini)still well
cold
and
paits, and
this
the
dry medicine,
more
ruhrum.
kinds
known
which
especiallythe
of
in
sandal
practice.
repels
red.
wood
The
He
[lignum
determinations
diseases
it
says
he
to
most
]iT.]
SECT.
SIMPLES.
particularlyrecommends
fevers,weakness
and
in
the
stomach,
and
draughts.
The
white, he
says, is useful
He
is sensible
white,
gives a
palpitationof
are,
of
(ii,2, 649.)
the
it iu
4 49
the
quotes
of this
Galen
is
brought from
quoted by him concur
Avood
the
being
useful
in
but
fevers,
his translator
describes
sandal-wood,
He
The
of
and
wood
sandal-
says
various
authorities
kinds
of sandal-
different
Avicenna, representing
as
in
of
hearty
liniments
in hot
head,
of them.
giving the
in
Serapion
kinds
(China ?).
characters
same
red
account
Sini
this
both
mistake.
the
circumstantial
very
under
being
and
yelloAV,
this
the
it
as
the
complaints
stomach, and in cardiac
mixed
with
camphor and rose oil as an external
; and
into the temples. They
applicationin hot vertigowhen rubbed
also agree in representingit along with other cooling plants as
The
sandal- woods, iu short, they
being serviceable in gout.
disease
all hold
to
be
cold
in the
Rhases
sandal-woods, which
of the
for
heart
his authorities
and
stomach,
of the
and
third
in
pain
of the
fevers,when
erysipelaswhen
rubbed
and
rubbed
red
the
face.
and
in weakness
also for
over
the
second.
of the
recommend
head
into
in the
tation
palpi-
stomach,
(Contin.1. ult.
609,)*
ii,1,
Azedarach.
Avicenna
describes
struent
hair
powers
and
chest.
along
gives the
It is
have
with
and
first,
been
tree, having
is hot in the
that it is
says
third
to
of Ebn
it,representingit
for the
stomach
in colics and
in
as
Melia
I"-
azedarach
be
can
or
"
and
pituitous
and
discover
it in
his Mat.
Baithar
give an
being dangerous to
Med.
elaborate
persons
no
bead
question
that
tree.'' Dr.
it must
Ainslie
The
account
Avho
deob-
in
(i,30.)
it is
degree,
possessedof
of its leaves
useful
He
mp'obalans. (ii,
2, 17.) Rhases
of the assedarach.
(Contin.1. ult. i, 89.)
by Serapion as being a large tree, but
able
authorities
well-known
fumitory
account
same
not
its flower
anthelminthic, and
barely mentioned
Arabian
of
it.
[CeltisAustralis?).
that
the
being
the decoction
strengthens
It is
fevers
and
as
Arbor
very
and
we
Lotus
it
take
it
pm-poses,
the
have
hair,
been
the
says of it that
"in
29
APPENDIX
450
India
the
bark
of the
ordered
for
almost
[book
azedarach
melia
powerful tonic
possess
TO
has
antifebrile
and
every
been
ascertained
virtues," and
that
purpose
the
Med.
"read
in the
is
it kills
noticed
Susruta.
frequently
in the
of
says
Encyclopedia (!!)that
"
it is
is
in
the tree.
on
and
to
Crantz
it,that
lice,"c."
he
had
The
darach
aze-
also Wise's
See
(119.)
Medicine.
of Hindu
Book
last of these
The
iii,40.)
that
cinchona
vii.
Anacardium.
this
On
i,47)
and
describes
it most
minutely.
in
diseases,and especially
of the
coldness
it
it is the
as
spasms.
Semicarpus Anacardium,
into
Galen
paralysis,and
been
disuse.
the
on
used
See
Hill
anacardium,
the
was
and
Myrepsus
And
say
the
least
one
of
lus.
has
of these
to
also
as
by
occurs
(c.170,
whether
substances
See
^avQo^aXavoq.
that anacardia
doubtful
his
the
unlikely.
of
name
now
quotes
brieflynoticed
antidotes
it appears
in Dioscor.
(Comment,
is
the
author's
our
then,
wholly ignorant
were
under
not
seems
merce.
com-
That
viii.)
gen.
deserving of remark
further, it is
To
sec.
It
i, 209.)
Actuarius
ingredientin
an
H.
H.
Sprengel (R.
Med.
commends
re-
of
practice,but
modern
anacardium
semicarpus
tree"
nut
in
doubt
^pvao^aXavoQ.(De Comp.
latter
Avicenna
Without
marking
"
or
in
say it is useful
hemorrhoids.
to
Avicenna
it in mental
and
fumigation
all recommend
They
1. ult.
(Cont.
authorities
loss of memory,
in
nerves,
It has
fallen
Rhases
see
stated
Ed.
the
by
as
Basil.)
Greeks
Matthio-
189.)
T"iudar.
Avicenna
and
a
says of it that it
is called
milk
good
the
which
for
Indian
is hot
relaxation
pine ;
and
of
belongs to
that
occasions
the
nerves,
the genus
it is
ahhel
pungent,
thirst.
He
and
adds
paralysis,"c.,
(sabina?)
contains
that
also for
it is
cold
apostemes (chronicinflammations
catalepsy.
tic,binds
of the
anus,
He
the
concludes
bowels,
and
(ii,
2, 213.)
In
the
Glossarium
removes
relaxation
of Avicenna
(1.c.)
appendix
4.t2
of
spent
unclassical
Serapion
as
and
as
and
in
people
most
It is
in
poring
in
do, namely,
in diseases
of the
fumigations for
and
as
asthma
hemorrhoids,
for de-
remedy
as
most
cases
same
womb.
the
have
we
his Arabian
fistulse and
eyes,
from
of blood
fluxes
that
vii.
some
these
over
exactly the
drying applicationto
albeit
us,
clear,however,
vernix
Avicenna
stimulant
fluxion
than
recommend
coryza,
a
to
scarcely intelligible
are
productions.
authorities
and
it
time
more
[book
barbarous, that
Sandaracli,is so particularly
^Continens/on
passages
to
(Contin. 1.
ult.
i,
610.)
Lewis, treating of
Dr.
the
climates, particularlyon
a
the
of
coasts
largerspeciesof juniper a
"
Juniperus, says,
In
Africa, there
juice which
resinous
the
warmer
exudes
from
into
concretes
from
some,
It has
been
the
but
ii, 24.)
Eecent
sandarach
is not
Med.
the
Is this the
to
both
that
the
(i,105)
think
that
descriptionof
with
the
that
it
it either
the
of
notes
doubt
Sandarach
that
substances
with
would
as
We
they
of
cedriuni
appear
distillation
or
conjecture
of
must
to
have
Berzelius
See
from
the
to
The
been
There
that
same
of
On
We
not
N.
appears
the
cedrium
much
was
See
xxiv, 11)
under
Cedrus
And
cedria
with
or
be
xvi, 21.)
liquidprocured
from
clined
in-
are
all events,
the
thing,
N.
Arabians,
must
the
juniper.
closeh^
same
as
Pereira
genus.
of
uses
the
cedria
gum
Romans
at
stated
have
by Pliny. (H.
boiling.
the
medicinal
above
like kind.
of
Dioscorides
apply
described
the
and
or,
same,
large species
the
foUows
given
Greeks
Cedria
comparing
the
trees
Harduin.
from
Med.
201.)
was
generallysignifiesa
further, upon
quadrivalris.
of the
Galen
roborant,
cor-
juniperus communis,
Pharmacop.
to
Cedria
;
procured
were
Callitris
that
as
Dioscorides
See
of the
decided
the
of
Gray (Suppl.
same
fluxes,
applications."(Mat.
have
product
and
727);
further
see
traumatic
authorities
old
principallyemployed externallyin
is
and
ner\ine,
(Mat.
principallyapplied,vernix.
ulcerations
and
it is
which
to
use
as
those
no
can
one
at
of
least to
confounded
The
the
latter
wood
by
probabilityin the
of pyroliga sort
SIMPLES.
in.]
SECT,
acid.
neons
bodies.
Pliny
it
says
other
of all
He
when
Rhases
with
of hot
and
stomach
of the
from
and
He
bowels,
is
in his work
and
of Ambra
Karabe.
and
gives abbreviated
descriptionsof the
also
Karabe
said
the
works
is called
the
gum
astringent,and
that
it
in burials.
He
authorities
regarding
main
of
of
concludes
with
from
author.
our
the
haur
by
gum
above
given
Rhases
has
it does
made
up
not
contain
the
fi'om
almost
the
Serapion
which
the
of the
is
gum
a
deal
good
in these
of
of confusion
that
conclusion
some
1. ult.
i, 256.)
It would
the
Karabe
with
amber.
to
meant
that
amber
is not
the
he
gum
to
of
Ambra
the
as
in
Simpl.
(c.196.)
apply
Baithar
black
clearly esta])lishes
one
it is
said, is
of
there
contained
drawing
the
it to
the
varietyof
Ebu
the
Although
avoid
Indeed,
Arabian
agree
of Karabe
impossible
authorities
it
used
(De
Karabe,
poplar, j)robablysome
dilatuta.
supposed, which
it
sandarach,
several
authorities
in the accounts
think
we
the
ba/sam
nigra, or
(Contin.
tree.
extracts,
pretended
same
be
to
fa(jus,"which, except
from
extract
Paulus, is
seu
just discussed.
have
we
liaur
"
we
extract
is said
Avicenna.
that
the Latins
He
chapter on
which
characters, which
from
romi
lation
trans-
but
the
from
by givingextracts
on
Galenas
then
with
some
270.)
that
and
it
because
its medicinal
those
of haur
In
ro7ni
parts
separately
treats
Paulus,
the
chapter
of Dioscorides's
be
to
was
he
dial
cor-
of
of the other
the head
under
case
good
distinct
Cord.^
confounded
be
to
the
hemoptysis.
as
and
poplar (ofyf/^oc),
black
in
trace
cannot
Med.
De
flower
afl'ections
in
treats
ferent
dif-
good periapt
it
gives a
translations
extract
an
He
Serapion
first
of
'
it is
that
useful
(ii,2, 364.)
and
nose,
recommends
which
one
the
Serapiou
apostemes.
of
is like the
gum
and
called
tree
attracting cliatf
colour
the
says
poplar separately,and
Ambra,
the
He
of
gum
resembling vernix,
ruddy
fluxes,especially
bleeding
medicine,
and
of
but
in virtues
tree
cases
the
being
as
objects.
small
agrees
in
dead
embalming
Popu/us.
or
(populus Romana?),
romana
the
it
describes
colours, and
of
for
(1.c.)
Aviceuna
and
used
was
Karate,
haiir
453
then
the
resin
Populus
to
identify
distinctlysays
poplar
as
by showing
had
that
been
the
TO
APPENDIX
454
of
characters
Galen, by
See
no
further
be
with
of
that
those
and
Ambra
grisea.
opinion with
of
indentical
vii.
(succinum.)
and
our
stated,most
being
as
Dioscorides
amber
Sandarach,
although
have
we
as
set it down
have
given by
Electrum,
mention
to
poplar,as
accord
oceans
Karabe
the
gum
under
It is proper
to
the
[book
regard
modern
our
with
the
rities
authosuccinum.
part of Avicenna^s
with
that
us
ferent
he
work
held
Karabe
careful
this conclusion.
will confirm
poplar is
on
the
substances,and
Cordial
"
mentioned
by
We
of
treat
and
will become
upon
them.
the
totallydif
(De Electariis)
resin
or
agree
of
black
the
(Chemical Dispensat.442.)
and
Faufel.
under
apparent before
Tembul, according
which
be
to
of Mesne
gum
Schroeder.
substances
these
Ambra
study
The
Tembul
Medicines,^^ must
second
head
one
the
conclusion
of
reason
article
our
is cold
Avicenna,
to
for
in
the
the
mind,
and
he
says
further
it is
of
it that
it reddens
the
teeth.
himself
under
this head
plant used
in his time
which
says
because
200.)
he
it lost
was
his readers
warns
for
seldom
its virtues
the
tembul,
brought
not
with
from
by being carried
to
confound
the
true
India
in
to
the
tembul,
his
distance,
days
(ii,
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
with
of heat
those
to
and
sandal
to
seem
them, Mesarugie,
of
the
the
of
calls it
makes
Now
palm,
the
breath
teeth,
there
latter,which
nutmeg,
betel
cut
constitute
Ainslie
Med.
85)
Meyeu
these
it
attenuant,
and
in the
M.
616)
as
mouth,
and
(ii,2, 134.)
this
which
earn
Rhases
head,
gative,
pur-
strengthens
and
as
delectat
of the
resembling
the
of
the
the
leaves
called
in
(Antiq.
betel.
particular
Hindoo
of
CubebcB.
to
the
heat,
in
which
also, through
holds
calls
the
clears
some
qua
he
it to
of
the
when
gorgement
enas
passages,
gravel
adds,
habetur
account
be
aperient
"
and
tum
Spu-
coitus."
mistake, quotes
same
says,
liver in
of
discharge
cum
he
voice
the
urinary
and
it
Galen,
ulcers
putrid
bladder,
cam
he
He
of
the
the
Some,
but
deobstruent
of
of
carpesium
substance.
it
of the
nuts
promotes
and
The
consult
degree.
cleanser
is the
medicine
as
kidneys,
masticantis
gentle
of the East
Royle
recommends
gums,
of the
Ebn
these
as
with
along
some
second
in the
and
medicine
describe
refers
different
thereof;
catechu.
substances,
this head
dry
apostemes
of
former
masticatory
refrigerant with
and
it is
of
cold
(i,2, 256.)
eye.
the
areca
i, 268, 465)
evidently was
truly hot
luider
the
two
(M.
under
scabies
being
as
cordial, and
that
or
called
stones
doubt
Chubabe,
had
diuretic
fragrant,is
as
it
held
it that
(Geograpli.of Botany,
but
members
of
says
famous
Pereira
Avicenna
and
and
of
One
swelling
hot
in
useful
the
slices,and
Ind.
(Mat.
it
being
as
authorities
into
of
account
an
describes
of
latter
the
the
in
dry,
teeth, represses
the
is useful
A\dcenna
and
and
toothache
inflation
no
modern
are
and
application
an
strengthens
like
(i,267.)
be
can
betel,and
jnper
For
and
gums
and
nature,
gross
Baithar
the
swelled,
astringency, and
some
it
says
eye.
with
when
as
be
to
astringent.
with
it suits
that
ISIesue
gums
said
call it hot
be
it to
slight degree
are
authorities
holding
in
says
eyebrow.
the
Its virtues
of his
Some
agree
having
as
It is recommended
tree.
apostemes.
all
and
nutmeg,
bitterness.
some
of the
hot
like the
being
as
rities
by Serapion'sautho-
is described
Indica,
Avellana
Faufel, or
455
Galen
of
its
TO
APPENDIX
456
medicinal
under
this
head
myrtle
with
further
He
it renders
the
them
of
the
204),
the
See
M.
(i,344.)
of
his
as
By
still take
beg
would
also
carpesium.
Indians
the
subjectto
(754.)
Royle (M.
and
this
mentions
(Avicenna?)
coitus,
We
feelings.
on
Cubeba.
Piper
that
not
affections
cures
Sina
of
delight
mentions
information
for further
Ebn
quotes
sexual
the
excite
to
further
cludes
con-
had
it for the
taken
wild
but
Baithar
fragrant and
breath
the
Paulus^
Ebn
vii.
Serapion
Dioscorides
the
Pereira
Dr.
way,
sensible
was
had
it enhances
stating that
and
authorities
He
bladder.
he
Galen
to
of the
certain
says
the
that
of cubebs.
treated
that
references
1. ult. i, 242.)
description of
Dioscorides^s
gives
saying
by
(Contin.
Avicenna.
as
powers
[book
refer
to
excellent
account
562.)
Usne7i.
Rhases
(Contin.
vaguely by
that
(ii, 2, 713)
Avicenna
See
it
the
and
emmenagogue,
it is of
and
corrosive.
hot
dry nature,
Mansor.
nature,
stomach.
(De
is
is
and
it
as
an
Rhases
dropsy.
confectio de
him
for
of
usnen
ingredients mostly
by
stergent,
ab-
purgative, deobstruent,
The
other
doubt
call it
They
rather
no
recommend
urine
and
used
be
can
fruticosa.
recommended
Antidot.
there
iii,22.)
fourteen
Serapion containing
aromatic
salsola
of
difficulty
in
and
(Ad
but
Simpl. 257)
is
term
aperient, and
and
cleansing,
This
authors,
comprehended
says
i, 753.)
1. ult.
Arabian
the
Serapion (De
of
debilityof
an
the
71.)
Fagara,
or
Fagre.
(ii,
2, 260); Rhases
Serapion (De Simpl. c. c); Aricenna
it to the
Serapion's authorities
(Cont. 1. ult. i,312.)
compare
vetch, and say of it that it is hot and dry in the second degree,
See
and
is stomachic.
small, black,
hot
and
in fsetor of
the
of it is to
and
dry
in the
describes
Amran
grain within,
good gargle
ingredient into powders
forming
an
round
ebn
Isaac
the
same
third
astringent,stomachic,
and
and
mouth,
ointments.
effect
degree.
red
he
He
says,
it
as
one
without,
as
and
entering
as
Avicenna's
however,
recommends
hepatic medicine.
having
Rhases^s
scription
de-
that
it
it is
as
account
an
SIMPLES.
m.]
SECT,
457
far different
not
from
tlie others.
Dr.
The
Avicenna.
and
Japan
as
piperitum and
antidotes
against
in many
H.
be
cases
(^ eg. Kingd.
.''
remedy
and
i, 270),
Avicennse
X.
use
further
See
M.
would
poisons; they
of considerable
473.)
Royle (M.
all
in China
used
are
as
doubtedly
un-
stimulant
H.
Sprengel (R.
326.)
Artamita.
Avicenna
Sprengel
such
gives
it to
deciding
in
description of
it in diseases
recommends
be
the
of the
joints,as
and
of
cure
Hindoo
See
physicians.
Wise
fully justifies
as
Cyclamen
for the
it
sternutatory, and
it that
It
it is
is
in
alexipharmic
with
use
of Hindoo
(System
He
Persicum.
the
Med.)
Vertz.
From
is
the
mentions
that
and
the
specieswhich
grow
the
red,
recommends
of
name
are
like
He
vars.
brought
descriptionis
from
and
it
by
of
he
medicine,
sa^-s two
and
saffron.
the
similar
very
full and
very
as
of his
for
that
to
same
and
the
need
we
not
Rhases
kinds,
that
the
they
yellow
ult.
1.
iii,110.)
His
(ii,2, 291.)
and
Ebn
it both
into
an
and
collected
are
Serapion.
enter
be
speciesto
leprosy,pruritus,
brieflydescribes
interestingdescriptionof
but
India, and
given by Rhases,
as
scription
de-
of
cure
(Coutin.
cases
it
containing colouring
oi yures.
name
that
minute
very
of
one
for the
Yemen,
pounded
it in the very
gives a
them
in Arabia
of
root
doubt
no
gives
all remarkable
are
describes
Avicenna
the
seems
trees
upon
held
They
He
by
He
some
curcuma.
matter.
it
tinctorhim.
Memecylon
of three
the
of it there
Serapion^s account
he
commends
re-
Baithar
as
dye
exposition
since
the account
they scarcelydiff'er at all from
it given above
from
that
Serapion. AVe may
just mention
aphrodisiac. See Vol. I, 585.
says clothes dyed with it are
The
views,
mcmccyls
in India
works
of
as
constitute
dyes
Roylc
and
and
genus
articles
Lindley.
of
food
of
plants
and
still well
medicine.
known
See
the
APPENDIX
458
TO
[book
vii.
Mahaleb.
Serapion (De
See
Avicenna
rock/^
"
recommend
the
it
and
and
as
medicine
intestinal
similar
having
latter
describes
is the
Babylonia,
blue
weaker
them
persons,
and
diseases
of
as
administered
Ebn
nor
them
of
the
is another
authorities
and
dyeing
and
the
known
Kingd. 651)
(R.
H.
H.
of
Like
all
in the
hot
temperament.
the
are
unable
complaints
probability,was
East
as
Whether
to
neither
the
Rhases
regarding
interestingaccount
it
used
was
for
the
perfume.
gives
information
very
others, he
old
when
Avicenna
the
of
cutaneous
headache
plants, and
additional
from
those
other
it induces
two
the
says,
has
particularlyin
says
as
skyprincipally in
it
and
one
which
is got, he
recommend
(591.)
the
yellow^ of
cold
See
other
be
The
nature.
jusminum
i, 242.)
we
officinale,
Rhases
Baithar
head,
He
these
its oil in
species,in
still well
of
of
says
hair.
and
species which
more
suppliesany
especiallyof
latter
Ebn
It
latter^however, gives
He
them.
describes
Amram,
same
other
there
account
Baithar
the
(Contin. xxii,838;
and
the
its powers.
to persons
similar
very
the
like natui'e.
who
in gout, and
Avicenna
applicationin impetigo
an
authorities
useful
Rhases
under
in
His
coloiu".
j'j7"//yrea
; after
Zambach.
2, 611);
(ii,
phlegmatic complaints,
and
flower, and
where
it
of it.
Avicenna
white
ISIiller,
of
superfluities
ebn
Isaac
Serapion
the
circumstantially.
account
i, 309);
the
being
as
of
Serapion appliesto
Arabian
expel
them,
Jesemin
1. ult.
Mahaleb
on
several
the
undoubtedly
Cerasus
written
and
of
be
cherry.
to
worms,
of it very
varieties
See
"
had
Galen
lithoutriptic.One
give a
say, the
he
system
is to
appears
perfumed
"
or
Dioscorides
which
as
that
Mahaleb,
Angl.,
what
It
(ii,2, 471.)
Primus
Rhases
Simpl. 44);
sambac,
Lindley (Veg.
;
and
the
Sprengel
humile
or
determine.
Secacul.
See
From
descriptionwhich
and
they give
Avicenna
of
it,there
(ii,2, 663.)
can
be
no
APPENDIX
460
esteemed.
Some,
diseases,but
this
under
he
He
Storax.
he
[book
be
it to
kinds
of
beneficial
it induces
rejects,as
from
quotes only
Both
held
says,
opinion
TO
it
late,
shows
Pereira, however,
the
produced by
the
publication on
"
Liquid
(p. 229.)
is
storax
that the
ambar
modern
doubtful
has
excelsa.
of
tions
men-
the
shops
in
Dr.
Lindley
his
recent
the Dammar
that
Dr.
But
says,
pine."
it is obtained
]\Ied. 1325, 2d
(Pereira,Mat.
Liquid
point, and
orientaJe.
recentlyshoAvn
the
authorities,
liquid storax
Vegetable Kingdom,^
thought to be yielded by
largely
Rhases.
by
Altingia
of
produces
'
Landerer
officinale.
Storax
this is
holds
liquid
the
be
to
that
Lindley
that Dr.
is
held
was
See
authorities,
noticed
are
by Serapion. (De Simpl. 46),
(Contin. 1. ult. i, 687.)
it is which
tree
It is still disputed what
Storas.
According to Sprengel and most
of
vertigo.
treated
are
and
until
in cerebral
Arabian
storax
vii.
from
ed.)
Kadi.
It is described
Arabia,
frora
gives a
curious
by Serapion
appear
describes
He
which
to
that
it
country
and
'
being
as
the
in
was
we
He
quotes
are
unable
it
on
but
he
we
refers
the
Ebn
He
cinal
medi-
any
in
to
decidedlv.
Baithar
which
oil is
Rhases,
have
prepared
smallpox.
(i,337.)
in
from
it.
in his 'Continens'
unable
to
authorities
His
of
It
it resembles
been
to.
virtues
wine,
sav
in
grows
is formed.
mention
not
by
fragrant
glowing colours,
its
does
species of palm,
which
passages
Kadi
which
was
Smallpox,'
especiallyof
more
it
on
plant
oil of
described
that
says
is Arabia.
Treatise
it
it is also
aromatic
descriptionof it,but
purposes
would
the
which
being
as
this
substance,
What
cover
disscribe,
deand
speciesof palm
Meizaragi.
Serapion gives
Abugerit
diseases.
pills,and
They
and
full
Abii",who
mention
that,
it upon
dose
put
the
into
for
with
authority of
it in arthritic
recommending
directions
Its
when
in
agree
of
account
using it in electuai'ies,
sugar
rivers, it
is
one
drachm.
intoxicates
fish.
describes
the
Simpl. 365.) AAicenna
Mehezehereyi,
being a tree like esula [spurge ?) ; and says it is hot and dry
(De
as
in
tlic third
He
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
degree, and
in gout,
We
intoxicates
it is carminative
adds, that
sciatica,and
need
cocculus
permum
L.,
is found
the
these
fish.
less formidable
not
authors
in Pereira
for the
Hindoo
M.
(M.
cure
Med.
the
cocculus
the
whole
Dr.
known
inclines
to this
have
another
Abbas
it in
his
Thus
raphaui,
omnium
mellis
work
be
may
formula
another
we
of his
drachms,
drunk
with
warm
with
bowels.
an
interestingaccount
that
it
will
also
it will
was
For
x,
upon
in
it,that
example, Haly
which
procure
Serapion, in
Emetic
on
poison
of
say
12.)
following
Medicines,
formula
Serapion
he
for
of
treats
states, that
loosen
of
the
frequently used
the
says, that
drachms
two
water,
the
clear
chapter
ancthi.^'
authorities,likewise
of two
to
now
Pract.
the
as
'"'
an
it also
ing"
eas}' vomit-
by administering it agreeably
just quoted from his other work.
have
perhaps
whether
249.)
INIedicines
on
Simples,' where
induced
which
that
adds,
On
also
see
decoctione
'
of
(System
an
et
Wise
cians
physi-
doubtful
emetic.
an
gives
Concamed
"B-
indicus
Hindoo
Vomica
have
We
it in his
he
intoxicate
to
physicians, but
Nux
chapter
of
treats
manner,
in his
the
medicinallyas
of
its
Vomica.
place (Vol.11,241.)
treats
aqua
Arabian
of
brieflytreated
also used
was
See
We
the
by
is somewhat
the
to
most
pericarp
See
menispermine.
(Mat. Ind. ii,132.)
diseases.
Royle
in
(See
of the cocculus
used
was
best
of Menis-
it contains
it is used
account
nervous
557.)
was
It
is useful
Lindley.
that
Ainslie
it,that
excellent
1326.)
of
and
river.
the
seed
of
it, that
alcaloid
of
mention
See, farther, an
like
the
or
cocculus
saj's of
and
with
agreeing
indicus,
Both
it
in
principle,the picrotoxine,and
venomous
into
480.)
(ii,2,
i. q., Anamirta
He
thrown
phlegmagogue,
hesitation
no
also
and
it is cocculus
authorities,that
fish when
arthritis,
have
4G1
of dill
produce
Ebn
given
Abrara,
to the
of fennel
vomiting
Vomica,
an
from
the
He
amount
seed, and
and
loosen
]5aitliar^s authorities
Nux
as
or
bowels.
to
whicli
emetic, along
with
give
it is
nel,
fen-
462
APPENDIX
Dr.
that
the
Pereira, upon
the
cannot
with
agree
how
is
been
vomica
the
of
is treated
methel, Avhich
attempted
be
to
views,
it,and
them
by
shown
Avhen
much
how
(R.
H.
the
nux
in
H.
and
having
vomica
used
of
the
AVe
action
used
was
v^ews
as
St.
the
Faba
sancti
Ignatius
by
bean
is
vomica
nux
the
(see
lity
probabi-
other.
See
advocating, Sprengel
also iu
conclusion, that
the
by
of
case
the
PereiiVs
is still less
are
emetic
an
is it
it is admitted
as
there
mention
Dr.
the
than
we
were
It is also proper
medicinally than
may
especiallyin
more
its
it
nux
be, nor
to
of
calls
But
Orfila,ii,276),
been
support
i, 250.)
in
the
misapplicationof
toxicology,that
on
have
unless
it not
Geoffrov
Ind.),
cannot
name
support
Jegitima.
energetic
Christison, 644,
of its
For, considering
pretended that
the
in
Serapion.
opinions,we
Arabians
other
any
and
learned
vomica
nux
more
further
the
authorities
best
his
that
Ignatii the
the
the
it is not
by
of
Mat.
(Ainslie,
presentlyshow
will
we
Parkinson
mention,
for
is in Persia
terra
to
vomica
with
unacquainted
vomica
nux
nux
vii.
(Pharmacol.),decides
respect
[book
Dale
the
was
great
our
him
the
common
there
authorityof
Strychnos Ignatia
But, notwithstanding
TO
Hindoo
cians,
physiWise
See
poisoning.
'
Med.
(Hindoo
402.)
Nu-x
alluded
briefly
have
We
elsewhere.
poison
Arabian
its seed
to
Methel.
this substance
authorities, compares
to
of
that
mandragora
Serapion, quoting
the
to
nut
its
{Datura Methel)
bark,
he
from
vomica,
nux
adds,
is
as
and
rough,
its
taste
quoted by him,
Bhases,
as
perhaps
emetic
and
in small
counteracted
be
medicine,
intoxicates.
it is
says
and
that
He
narcotic,
it proves
directs
its
butter,
by taking warm
otheinvise
treatingthe case
sedative, and
fatal in
large doses,
pernicious effects
and
thus
producing
in the same
manner
vomiting, and
in poisoning by mandi'agora. (De Simpl. 375.)
Bhases,
as
his work
is
entitled
'
Ad
Mansor.,'
dangerous medicine^
which
says
induces
of the
nut
methel,
stupor, nausea,
to
that
in
it
vomiting,
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
and
being
citron
similar
nut
Like
(?).
stupor,
he
drachm
the
counteracted
In
direct
Hke
the
of
from
drachm
it induces
stupor,
bad
effects to
emetic
an
Baithar's
that
these
of
as
the dose
Ebn
says,
doses
administration
the
by
seed
differinglittle
them
They
sense.
heart.
small
in
Med.'
inebriates, induces
it,but
of
One
and
spot,
loss of
vomiting, and
of
account
having
it
Continens'
'
'Mat.
(ii,
2, 501.)
fatal,
already given.
on
and
his
and
says
brain
to the
full
he
others,
it in his
it in
vomica,
nux
it proves
give
others
^vill kill
the
says
authorities
the
the
to
is inimical
and
of
account
describes
Avicenna
brief.
is very
be
His
30.)
inebriety,(iii,
463
of natron
excellent
An
modern
its seeds
"
that
Pharm.
violent
as
effects of the
Nux
Methel,
of the
those
with
narcotic,
authorities,we
him
of
hesitate
like
great fig,and
his
from
difficult,
its
language,
whoever
vomica
nux
this
the
but
rather
the
see
descriptionit
vomica,
MeteL
is
to
of
it has
then,
the
ties
authori-
ancient
given by
as
that
the
those
recent
small
had
Pharoah's
out
He
mentions
nut
what
he
speaks
but
on
says
that
he
difference.
the
this
eatable
cannot
is
that
founded
con-
by saying
rachaba
that
it
is eaten
had
some
concludes
descriptionsof
told
leaves
and
pomegranates,
make
Arab
an
nut-tree, having
the
the
by
states
quite clear
one
that
Comparing,
has
the
Metel,
Mechil.
being
vomica
nux
will compare
must
Nux
or
fruit like
indistinctlyabout
very
Datura
tree, like
great
in
authorities
Serapion's
it is
that
619.)
Methel,
Rachaba,
One
the
described
as
Datura
cannot
of
says
(Veg. Kingd.
action.
similar
the
Dr.
52.)
of
authority says
narcotic, more
are
and
Stramommm,
(Hindoo Med.)
Wise
and
Susruta
be
figs,probably
the
the
and
From
nux
Jicus
benjamina.
Nux
See
Serapion (De
Henden,
Simpl.
79)
or
Banden.
and
Avicenna
(ii,
2, 496.)
APPENDIX
464
According
the
to
latter
white, incKning
and
Chorasan,
that
and
of which
(by
some
Paulus
quotes
it is
it is
mistake
It
and
is
of
rock
all agree
that
it
the
the
of
it is
earth
how
correctly we
with
finest in the
far
as
as
we
of
the
is
Ebn
has
grain
like
it for
fasils,and
Thev
sav
catarrhs
In
old
to
that
looking
by
of
it
state
Baithai-'s
who
is
"
better
are
than
Garcinia
we
can
Mangostena,
barbarous
in
the
Latin
lation,
trans-
strikingpoints
some
it with
'
Loudon,
Mes.
or
AWcenna
116);
c.
it is
authors.
cold, and
as
Serapion
Sprengel (R.
at
and
wholesome
was
but
rather
plaster to
Thev
call it
that
say
not
used
some
nutritious.
very
and
torn
mango
in
recognised as
i, 266), and by
in
small
desiccant, useful
as
it is
H.
length, and
some
bruised
it is marked
2, 481);
(ii_,
the
the
in
parts.
a
very
Phaseolus
German
Baithar.
Horon,
See
also
Ebn
East
Compare
colour,
green
hand-writing,and
of Ebn
the
agree
all these
coughs, and
edition
translator
of
forms
reputation of being
It is described
bv
of it that
and
our
mango
vetch,
which
1531.
465.)
(ii,
terms
the
the
mangosteen.
Gardening,^
same
of
of it from
nearly the
earth,
pigeon^s root.
wine,
readers
our
tliat it is the
certainly seem
Baithar
ticulars.
par-
"
Meisce,
See
more
judge
the
more
Serapion^s. He says it
(i,274.) Sprengel suggests
which
The
petigo,
im-
as
to
"
of it
cures
give a
calls it
He
slightly
fat of the
vomiting.
same
it
Barea
is
aphrodisiac. They
productions
fruit
can
of
that
Encycl.
and
many
it the
excellent
an
causes
determine
Avorld.
would
with
and
leave
the
Mangosteen,
another
in Andalusia,
honey
pretend to be, to
and
and
body,
supply
not
calls
it makes
nearly
called
acquainted
do
vetch,
saying
as
blood, fattens,
them,
earth,
stops fluxes,
account
or
of
one
that
fattens
semen,
of
vii.
honey.
Rhases,
They
with
suppose)
the
from
brought
is made
we
fluxes
suppresses
like
mass^
refrigerant,
extinguishesinflammation,
desiccant.
and
is
wine
[book
grainy
which
yellow,
to
TO
or
Bombax.
and
Ebn
Baithar
(i,305.)
SIMPLES.
111.]
SECT.
Abuhanifa,
medical
So
quinces.
least
at
translation
Latin
quod
arbores
next
mihi
inter
in
nascitur
colon
obscure,
eos
passage
be
it may
but
well
arboribus
like
it is
as
give the
to
medici
quidam
some
trees
on
grows
the
'^Dixerunt
cotton
understand
we
also very
curious, and
very
that
him
informed
had
men
that
of
one
465
de
kelbe
sicut
sunt
quae
The
juice of
it in the
in
is beneficial
coughs
Mescha
of children.
diarrhoea
and
that
clothes, and
it is
its seed
says
breast.
for the
good
the
Albasari
says
juice is
its
cellent
exan
good for
Rhases
diseases of the face.
applicationin cutaneous
it in the same
also, as quoted by him, recommends
cases, and
Baithar's
ties
authorifiu'ther says of it that it is aphrodisiac. Ebn
it in
of it, recommending
also give an
interestingaccount
those of Serapion,namely in infantile
the same
much
as
cases
diseases ; and he
diarrhoea,and as an applicationto cutaneous
it that
of
further
the
flax,
raw
The
leaves
and
in
what
often
arboreum
or
that
oil
skin
of
the
prepared from
spots, and
(ii,284.)
diarrhaa.
There
probably
Ind.
Mat.
leaves
from
Gossypium
See Meyen
it will
given
arc
the
it
from
doubt
no
latter.
is still used
former
the
that
be
been
the
Hippocrates.
complaints,
prepared
can
have
Ainslie's
From
in uterine
like
doubt
no
of
works
Clothes
it must
hei'hacemn,most
(Geogr. Botany.)
the
warts,
useful
author.
the
stated, that
have
in
rose-oil.
with
mixed
burn
to
been
have
to
praisedby
we
used
was
mentioned
said
are
gout
much
are
it
that
states
be
seen
for
cleaning the
for
the
of
cure
Musa.
See
Baithar
Aben
moistening
property
bladder,
a
load
taken
ought
Another
HI.
of
to
of
end
useful
of
and
heat
of
the
used,
in
the
the
and
it creates
liver,and
if
in great
quantity,he
prepared ginger with it.
temperament
or
has
breast, lungs,
if much
obstruction
hydromel, oxymel,
his
; Ebn
bowels;
cold
(ii,2, 484)
the
stomach,
person
take
of
the
softens
the
in the
being
and
on
by
in
it is hot
Avicenna
authorities, Sindaxar,
says
it
promotes
30
the
growtli of
is diuretic.
book
The
it that
of
says
Avicenna's
and
T^hile to
worth
minutely
from
above
Musa
account
of it is
and
so
by him,
There
describes
1. ult.
authorities
the
sesame
316), and
plantain tree is
it
latter
bodies.
he
of
says
fruit.
it that
it is
ascribes
use
the
seeds
is little
modern
it in his
no
of it
by
the
says,
Hindoos,
Rhases
quotes
We
horehound.
to
by
among
him
Galen
the
seems
at
are
Simples
to
say
confirms
of
that
make
Galen.
a
this statement.
to
it
We
as
bad
engender
suppose
the
On
tora.
(]Mat.Ind. ii,405.)
(Contin. 1.
of it that
say
what
swim
of
it has
it
on
Avicenna
ult.
i, 389.)
like
powers
substance
Another
portion
them
not
Cassia
Ainslie
Rhases
loss to
it does
The
Lahiba.
saying
as
account
relaxed
effects
bad
aphrodisiac.
see
or
induces
descriptionof it ;
that it produced
and
and
it is the
that
(ii,2, 425)
Avicenna
be
to
Lehibach,
See
comforts
minute
good
he
it
The
vertigo.
country,
own
said
doubt
dose,
oil of
is little difiPerent.
very
same
are
or
the
with
fattening, and
gives
roasted,
When
Its
chyme.
there
and
He
large
too
Avicenna
Rhases
planted
Serapion.
occur
moistening, increases
taken
occasions
food
other
he
says
in
taken
Baithar
Ebn
and
especiallywhen
when
given by
it is hot
it that
after
and
not
Alkelkel.
Kelkel, or
of semen,
that
cholera,
of
of
say
secretion
reader
A\acenna
(Contin.
it is the
Ind.
(Mat.
The
1530.)
(Encycl. of Garden.
brieflynoticed by Theophrastus (H. P. iv,5), but does
of the Greek
Latin
and
in the works
physicians,
See
given
it the
On
Loudon
Granum
ters,
charac-
that
doubt
be
not
those
as
same
no
Ainslie
consult
interestingto
it woukl
Baithar
plantaintree.
common
stomach
Its medicinal
be
can
the
on
that
the
nearly
are
kidneys, and
quoted by him,
as
Ebu
it.
Palm.
speciesof
the
heavy
similar
expositionof
Serapion,
it
find
medicine,
aphrodisiac,
or
2)a)'adisiaca,
may
ancient
vii.
Alchalebemen,
and
chest
it is
being
as
[book
third, named
for the
on
give an
stated
as
medicine
good
in utero.
foetus
the
it is
says
it
TO
APPENDIX
466
he
alludes
authority''
quoted
flung
the
into
lake
surface, and
further
says
it
APPENDIX
468
TO
[book
vit.
Muhichia.
Avicenna
Baithar
he also calls
Olus
"
oUtorius
Corchonis
the
authorities
not
are
it is
The
other
precisein
their
description
of food
372),
See
that
mallow.
article
properly an
more
so
decide
to
seem
Jews^
or
above
quoted
It is
of it.
would
Judaiciim,"
and
two
of medicine.
than
Ainslie
(Mat.
Ind.
follicle in the
puce
pre-
ii,387.)
Moschus.
the
Musk,
of the
Moschus
mentioned
in
for
that
the
Indeed,
this
as
this
that
the
See
Sini, by
these
the
inhabitants
from
(Chinese ?)
which
which
he
gins,
and
best
in
he
is
added
sequent
subto
appear
after
of
notice
one
other
the
musk
musk,
he
of
calls
is in
says,
And,
us
Arabian
the
it also
he
by
is that
our
and
then
their
it with
from
says, is
orgasm,
the
modes
arrows
the
and
rubs
says,
the
musk.
best
of
from
and
Sinenses
animal
figure,colour,
musk
is
procured
description
also the
after
the
the
extracting
catching it by
; and
Of
Thibet,
The
anatomical
anim,al
procured
of
differ in
not
gives an
of the
from
process
he
moreover,
gazelles,and
China.
fragrant herbs,
the
musk
of Tumbasci
and
procured
on
does
the
countries
Thibet
means
lives
adds,
animal
the
the
adulterate
He
teeth,
who
acquainted with
to
apt
are
state
spurious.
authors
by
it would
have
suspicions
be
may
great
we
as
strong
noticed
been
country
by shooting
extracting
had
probably
follicles.
its canine
mulas
for-
strongest possiblepresumption,
habitat
kind,
better
from
this author
Oribasius,
as
Abuhanifa,
it is full grown.
after
is
of
produces musk,
horns
gives
in that
its
of
article is not
There
its
are
who
But
entertain
is the
says
animal
first
better
the
musk.
we
state,
such
it also has
296.)
authority
and
to
medicine.
and
be
to
appear
(xvi,122),
them
in Aetius
passage
gazelle,
the
would
L,,
Aetius
among
important
also
the
the
and
circumstance
author, but
of
fumigations (suffumigia)containing
Aetius,
of
period
of
concluding chapters
that
nor
works
occasion
to
of
the
various
had
already
it
moscMferus
aromatics,
many
as
inspissatedsecretion
snares,
manner
its death.
animal
when
of
But
it
rock
SECT.
III.]
until
the
musk
in the
by saying that
but
the
that
Alcholabaraa,
and
drunk
The
His
Thebeth.
in
following
one,
the
Aben
applied externally in
when
in
says
the
doctors
Persian
Rhases
from
an
of the
affections
other
cordial
as
his
of the
He
with
little
brain.
He
the
of
He
an
as
and
in
also
he
as
quotes
it
give
the
especiallyin
Avicenna
gives
from
judge
can
it,
on
musk
whom
we
as
of the
member
it most
works.
affections
in
far
it,as
saffron, and
with
errhiues
of
next
brain.
the
(1.ult. i,483.)
eyes.
of
translation
wretched
it
and
descriptionof
accurate
and
brain
His
his 'Continens^
recommend
characters
In
iii,
22.)
when
information
head,
of
says
in diseases
of
the
authorities, all
Arabian
several
diseases
jNIansor.
(Ad
stomachic.
degree, and
recommends
of
affections
cold
all
and
headache,
cities,
many
plasters.
oil to the
applied the
for royal
viscera,both
diseases
it in
recommend
general
This,
Mesuai,
musk
authorityis Hoiiain, who recommends
others
The
supply little additional
eyes.
but
are
second
internal
and
heart
the
them.
procured, is that
next
authority is
is
hot
animal
authorityconcludes
there
musk
musk
the
from
This
of Thebeth
which
calls
who
it comforts
it, tliat
region
of Thibet
is reserved
all, and
esteem.
properly called
third.
in the
diy
high
from
one,
is
city which
in
held
and
personages
where
procured
of
finest musk
is the
remarks,
inhabitants
places
thus
musk
the
eollect
feeds, and
The
the
know
Thebeth)
469
of them.
out
drops
cle
(homines
he
SIMPLES.
the
it in
recommends
for
camphor
vertigo,
favorably of
also thinks
heart, and
in melancholv.
treatise
distinct
mention
He
in
It
concludes
cases
it in
frequently
occurs
Ebn
Myrepsus.
and
of
Baithar
medicinal
its
ingredient
an
as
gives
\drtues,
and
eyes,
piles,and
says
when
that
the
rubbed
it
Of
the
Greek
authorities
said
Symeon
in
need
we
it
the
the
useful
Scth
an
the
diseases
of
applicationto
is
excellent
is the
it
much
enter
not
genital member,
to be
of
with
well
particularlyin
a
younger.
antidotes
description of
so
agrees
that
the
Mesne
full
very
oil of it is
into
but
description of it by Serapion,
recommends
into particulars. He
the
of
works
the
strongly
cordial.
only one
that
APPENDIX
470
e;ives anything
three
kinds,
Chorasan
and
Sines
the
Like
of
animal
he
third
in the
cold
it
the
for
strength, and
antidote
volatile
strengthens
weak
of
head,
intemperaments
adapted
of
the
afiPections of the
in
of musk
in
the
in
gazelle.
animal
while
and
is hot
says,
the
the
As
dry
cinal
its medi-
to
is beneficial
and
in
hot.
It is
fainting fit,in
loss of
injuriousin
(De Alimentis.)
heart.
in Actuarius.
occurs
the
natui'e.
but
from
formed
ai-e
parts,
of persons
recovery
city east of
quahty is the
in
from
got
:Musk, he
orgasm.
degree, and
powers,
it is
describes
procured
says,
vit.
horn, resembling
one
that
states
He
next
is
he
kinds,
with
The
which
that
the
All
of sexual
state
of musk.
procured from
is
best
is
worst
an
Serapion
the
[book
account
Trepet (Thibet?).
(Chinese?).
umbihcus
distinct
which
of
called
Indian,
in
like
TO
Med.
(Meth.
An
6.)
v,
Vohibilis.
This
several
this
the
as
The
Mesuai,
with
he
describes
represents
;
thirds
ten
it
it
says
of
rheums
describe
being
rather
bile
Avhen
or
in
lebleb
doses
penidia. His
useful
is cold
says
the
along
with
bowels,
of from
and
next
Alkauzi
in indurations.
and
oil of
the
nature
terms
same
one
is to
an
article
third
Ijoiling,
by
relieves
as
say, he
to
means
of
two
of
authority,Isaac
ebn
it is cold
and
says
His
last
authority,
moistening, cholagogue,
almonds
first
Afterwards
bile.
than
of the
authorityof
of
cissus, that
medicine
Galen
fluxes
cutting
the
bowels.
and
the
of
laxative,
the
middle
adust
clai'ified without
Abix,
the
same,
in
the
it is deobstruent.
the
from
it is
and
upon
acfin,
extracts
Dioscorides
eyes,
purges
powers
Galen
of sugar
savs
clearingout
of the
beginning
purges
in
the
ably
unquestion-
it loosens
describes
hot
in
says that
he
of the
it is
medicinal
pound,
drachms
Aim-am,
as
acfn
and
properties,
its
and
the
lebleb he
says
the
saline
some
Dioscorides
food
who
in
degree, dry
or
first is
to
under
example
cussus,
is described
and
as
it in
last
or
the
these
saying that
styptic,and quotes
the atthin is
bowels.
lebleb
Of
Of
Dioscorides
recommending
Aben
ivy,
For
plants.
the
maju.
Galen.
and
quotes
says
describes
or
KKTaog
Dioscorides
cUmbing
lebleb
atthin, and
and
the
Serapion
head
the
He
of
genera
authorities
Arabian
the
looselyapplied by
is
name
it proves
useful
and
in
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
under
Avicenua
and
under
but
the
(ib.169),
Cussus
of
former
suspicions that
]\Iesue
the
volubilis,applying
the
which
of
genera,
and
Helxine,
fourth,
which
Humulus
he
have
the
present
to
of
hops.
bile,
clears
infusion
he
adds,
the
oil
rose
of
oil of
other
separately in
the
next
drawn
of the
does
not
as
the
flowers
yellow bile.
by
of
of
the
(M.
M.
Greek
any
the
well
as
juices
Hindoo
N.
dolichos
above,
lebleb.
purge
Medicine.
and
white,
It
is every
is also
treated
They
represent
adust
bile.
See
bitter
the
describes
which
taste, hot
bowels,
and
head
the
of
scam-
thus
agree
Lupulus.
with
well
But,
and
stem
in
with
character
Lupulus
the
remedy
medicine
there
it
is
and
as
brought
dry
It
(Book
Wise
Abrong,
Serapion
by
deobstruent
sight to
the
its
its syrup,
treats
The
Roman,
any
that
not
to
which
purges
is not
noticed
the
exception
xxi, 50.)
Serapion.
which
by
nor
lebleb, noticed
The
was
296.)
He
to
Humulus
The
as
Humulus
of the
probably alludes
plant, as being a
writer,
Pliny. (H.
and
plasterto
first
at
seem
yellow
some
and
as
at
powers
little used
(i,24.)
he
Rutty remarks,
the
attention
away
it
the
others
medicinal
was
chapter.
virtues
acknowdcdged
as
"c.
mony
with
and
be
to
our
viscera,
internal
chamomile,
lupulus
it
says
recommends
protracted fevers
and
or
He
the
all the
use
He
time.
of his
liver, and
asthma,
great
jaundice.
cures
physicians
of
is of
second
scammonium.
As
confine
the
rather
Greeks
the
whey
or
of the
he
the
says
manner.
the
Hedera,
(c.24.)
shall
we
create
species,or
gives of the
lupulus brings
which
account
He
of,
lax
Convolvulus
Costa
commentator
to
as
acknowledged
is
fifth the
the
already treated
been
the
and
the
Clematis
the
lupulus,
calls
liqmlus,
his learned
See
third
the
five distinct
probably
first is
the
Dioscorides,
elaboratelyof
most
treats
to
term
so
rather
in
term
{n, 2, 724),
of
Ktcrcroc
confusedly
who
author
ancient
is the
the
used
hedera
e.
the
describes
rather
these
he
Volubilis,i.
of
head
the
471
in
it
is
to
reason
of
by
suppose,
Avicenua
containing
as
well-known
of Hindoo
as
saltish
article in
Medicine,
10
1.)
Abrugi.
or
round
from
the
second
laxative
of
According
to
degree, a
TO
APPENDIX
4/2
Dodonseus
aud
and
vesicarium.
it is the
Parkinson,
under
represents
See
Theatre
[book
the
which
pea
of
name
the
vii.
latter
scribes
de-
cordatum
pisum
(1378.)
of Plants
Ribes.
This
has
been
See
full account
plant, and
that
it is
See
Baithar
full and
gives a
it groAvs
in
countries, but
the
and
mentions
to
the
Rhases
(Cont.
that
Spain;
recommends
Ebn
i, 582.)
also
He
the
it
the
on
Ribes
bitter
it
and
good
quoted
sherbet."
above
heart,
further
Dr.
plague.
is "the
the
and
hemorrhoids,
it in
; and
women
Ribes
Rheum
making
as
calls
He
praises
of
round
large,broad,
palpitation of
it in
(menorrhagia)
that
chapter
complaints,
same
1. ult.
it has
spots.
measles, smallpox,
521)
the
nearly
very
reddish
flux
it in
who
it in
marasmus.
red
M.
in
tender
and
(M.
now
interestingdescriptionof it. He
alpine localities in Sp'ia, and in the northern
not
and
astringent,
and
in
also
(ii,2, 581.)
vomiting,
it is
brieflyrecommends
leaves,
raspberry,but
and
smallpox, measles,
says
or
it in various
recommends
Avicenna
ribes
"well ascertained
Ribes.
the
supposed
mends
com-
Royle
Riivas
of
Serapion,
allude
he
Does
says
Aurantium.
When
we
had
author
the
of
alibi.)
Ebn
Baithar
Susruta
and
work
somewhat
the
flatulence
says,
is carminative
removes
familiar
Wise's
Hindoo
that
pains
it
of the
and
the
Medicine
author
(140
produces
joints.
clothes.
Citrus
et
an
The
anthelminthic,
spots from
with
with
is enumerated
orange
orange
and
ancient
the
D^Hanvantare,
the
no
indigestible nature.
of
says
in
fruit,he
latter
to
Hindoos
the
of
and
that
unacquainted
were
we
orange,
poisons, and
have
been
long
antidote
See
the
In
is useful
of the
Baithar,
fruits,of
oil which
rind
the
Ebn
Susruta.
acid
Avith
in another
noticed
works
of the
stated
an
The
aurantium.
(p. 191.)
Limon.
We
are
now
inclined
to
think
that
we
were
mistaken
in
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
473
limonium.
meclica
Limon
the
rind
is
is
described
fully
all
beyond
However,
the
It
Susruta.
(See
noticed
by
names
of
297.)
They
Wise
14-2
p.
Persian
the
also
appears
Leemoo
have
writers
the
on
and
Neemboo.
been
long
it particularly
known
times
the
by
Med.
(Mat.
Hindoos.
the
in
likewise
Medica
Royle
to
heart,
are
Materia
See
the
several
Lemons
alibi.)
ct
the
fragrant,is
recommends
noticed
says
excites
breath
He
be
to
Citrus
He
palpitation of
fevers^ exanthemata,
vomiting, "c.
the
aromatic,
the
the
to
Baithar.
astringent,and
bitter,acid,
referred
doubt,
Ebn
by
by Avicenna
See
(Hindoo Med.)
Margarita.
Greeks
the
Though
it does
not
the
practiceof
an
ingredient
medicine.
in
Avicenna
Med.
the
authority
in diseases
of
and
We
could
had
no
of
Arabian
several
Wc
wished
medicines
fuller
the
to have
the
de
their
cordial
but
would
'
beg
leave
de Medicinis
on
disquisition
to
(Dc
heart.
in this
do
of
them
describe
recommend
Simpl. 397.)
place,since
elsewhere,
so
parts
is consistent
our
it with
readers
Cordialibus.'
medicines
the
certain
dismiss
refer
to
whicli
in
operation.
we
have
tion
exposi-
an
explanation of
than
cines.
medi-
karabe
who
attenuant, and
given
this
as
ancients
writers,
as
Gemmis,
Arabians
reluctantlyobliged to
treatise
Arabians
hemorrhages, as dentifrices
especiallyas cordials in palpitations
of
opportunity
of
articles in
in
more
aflcctions
other
views
and
eyes,
teeth, but
the
convenient
of
are
of the
have
of the
without
the
with
classical
of
says
in diseases
cordial
by
among
these
Electuarium
reckoned
were
used
used
celebrated
in the
passages
ever
were
acquainted
medicinal
upon
they
They
their
well
were
several
that
appear
(jNIesucde Elect.)and
(De
Romans
from
is obvious
pearl-mussels,as
authors,
and
He
very
higher philosophy
limits, wc
our
brief
Aviccnna's
there
operate
the
Avith
a
to
of
upon
gives an
the
of
notice.
elaborate
ingenious
animal
spirits
APPENDIX
474
and
and
dispelvapours,
the
basis of many
the
medicines
cordial
[book
views
first advocates
modern
TO
this
hypothesis on
described
which
him
by
have
vii.
formed
subject. Among
would
we
remark
camphor,
myro-
mace,
"c.
which
will have
In
stones
cordial
as
great virtues
medicines.
He
pluries.)
that
cordial,
esteemed
highly
Wise's
and
medicines
which
the
we
the
modern
precious metals
Schroder
pensatory,
Dis-
(Chemical
''
they
balsam
of
clear
an
cellent
ex-
life,resists
spirits."
been
always
the
See
physicians.
are
the
have
precious stones
Hindoo
the
Susruta
(124.)
Medicine
Hindoo
the
to
putrefaction,and
other
by
and
pearls,that
of
strengthens
and
Pearls
See
says
of
of this work.
Paracelsus
Arabians,
attributed
have
consists
section
subsequent
the
of
imitation
cordials
of in
treat
to
alchemists
and
black
evacuate
of
class
important
Sericum.
have
We
mentioned
treated
medicines
silk, he
the
improves
medicine,
Like
Avicenna
ranks
he
recommends
it
the
palpitationem,
nostrum
the
corpus
various
of the
of it in medicine
the
authors
of them
quoted by
by burning it,and
he
tinctoriis
facultates
See
on
him
using
an
f.
ad
seu
enim
89,
and
ingredient
Ebn
Baithar
the
medicinal
describes
its ashes
the
gives the
alienationem,
It is also
written
and
of
one
granis
of Avenzoar.
had
silk in
pearls, karabe,
roborat."
of Costa.
of
medicines,
manifesta,
causa
Cord,
by Serapion.
which
ex
ej^es, in
Med.
forms
mentis
syncopem,
Antidotaria
One
to
cordial,
uses
with
Silk
Electuarium
sine
as
of the
the
cordial
cordial
especiallyraw
accuracy
28.)
dispensantesmirifice
Arabian
of silk.
and
considerable
interestingCommentary
in several
that
moerorem
the
complaints. (De
electuary of Mesne,
"
desipentiam,
other
c.
and
in affections
capacity along
followingimposing title,
cordis
useful
(De Simpl.
of
one
desiccative, acts
it with
this
in
musk.
ingredientsin
with
is
Silk,
[bombyx mori)
described
are
corals,and
proves
silkworm
The
and
liver and
of the
silk
Avicenna.
by
memory,
obstructions
ii,3.)
of
is attenuant
says,
that
above,
for
says,
the
perties
prouse
collyria
476
ArPENDIX
celebrated
in
modern
times.
See
described
It is thus
stone, but
less
so
agreeable
more
mines
where
from
the
mine
head,
speaks
of its
it, and
it iu
(Roy. Phar-
as
divested
of its outer
According
that
fact,
article
this
coat
parent.
trans-
does
they
iron."
rubbed
are
tourmaline, although
In
The
against the
magnet
Avhen
is
taken
it becomes
this is most
Beckmann
to
belongs
the
eyes
seal it
it.
obscurity in
and
red
which
When
as
the
to
of
strongly rubbed
chaff,
is
in the East.
when
been
useful
that
Inventions.)
probable,
has
redness
no
is discovered
it attracts
being
the
is
are
; but
opake
399.)
the
there
as
albuzedi
Hager
"
hyacinth,
is found
stone
properties,but
of
the
eye,
says
Mineral.
not
to
the
this stone
of the
with
(de
the
it is
When
He
than
to
this
by Serapion
lapidary,its goodness
hair
Cliarras
Moses
vii.
Albuzedi.
Hager
[book
147.)
macop.
by
TO
it bears
rather
it Avould
like the
some
the
to
bably
pro-
resemblance
hyacinths. (History
to
appear
preceding
was
highly
us
varietyof
ruby.
Hager Salachil, or Lapis
Several
best
he
mines
and
speciesof
is the
says
of the
it
red.
They
and
Romaus,
dentifrice.
described
are
It must
by Serapion, of which
brought, he adds, from
are
used
were
been
have
would
several
of
modern
authority thus
It is
the
washed,
finer
half
gem
like
or
Cornelian.
have
to
appear
been
of
kinds
flesh
bloody
The
it
like
"
in
The
the
general
of
The
for
sense
Simpl. 400.)
water
called
flesh
Carneolus
in
Cornelian.
or
wherein
found
are
Sardion
(Timasus.)
the
amulet
an
the
Sarda
it is
cornelians
best
Plato
used
hence
as
the
is
or
Sardinia."
Schroder
Tincar,
We
of
same
agates. (De
describes
transparent,
principallyas
the
Corneolus.
treated
have
with
ChrysocoUa,
introduced
into
appears
to
us
soda.
It
was
no
very
of
which
medical
doubt
much
or
Borax.
article
this
it has
been
already under
often
practice by
that
it
used
was
for the
same
cure
head
confounded.
the
the
the
Arabians,
as
our
It
and
was
there
borate
of toothache.
of
of
See
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
authorities
the
quoted
under
477
It
Chj'ysocoIIa.
used
was
cinally
medi-
Hager
is
It
stone
He
difficult
it is
says
from
white
when
worn
thus
used
used
for
it is
although
was,
determine
to
black,
to
as
amulet
an
holding
any
that
he
the
in
says
vessel
article
of
food
or
far treated
so
an
amulet,
melanogogue
medicine.
stones,
in
369)
thus
as
and
asthma,
as
It is
an
like
stone
with
stone.
It is in virtue
an
from
prepared
be
to
it, if
Lazuli.
It
but
golden
like the
to
drive
away
other
in
cious
pre-
be
to
useful
See
modern
the
flowers
flowers,harder
or
the
said
further
was
sapphire,or
stones
Cyanus
particularlycelebrated
more
It
under
like
used,
was
was
purgeth chieflymelancholy.
amulet
dreams
emracnagogue.
adorned
it
disturbed
of this substance
(ii,256).
Avicenna
"
colours,
401.
have
divers
it, however,
and
preceding Commentai'y,
as
it occasions
precious
by Serapion.
is of
recommends
Lapis
We
this
described
and
Yemen,
and
by infants,
(De Simpl.
pretty minutely
from
brought
precisely what
Armenian
It is
frightsfrom
than
of
the Armenian
stone, but
about
worn
cyanus
weaker;
the
children,^^"c.
neck
for
Schroder,
(Chymic. Dispensat.)
Berengemish,
of
says
degree,
digestion,
is
renders
We
Ocimum
description of
and
is useful
in coldness
of
hepatic
and
the
gives a
suppose
there
cordial
eructations
it
similar
is
no
in
similar
account
doubt
it from
dry
the
in the
Isaac
end
stomach,
cases.
"c.
His
(De
of
el)u
the
promotes
medicine, dispels
fragrant,
gariofilatum of Miller;
O. monachorwn.
Gariofilatum.
it is hot
it, that
recommend
Avicenna
Ozimum
or
choly,
melan-
other
thorities
au-
Simpl. 156.)
of it in all respects,
(ii,
2, 254.)
it is the
basil,
that
or,
according
clove
to
or
Sprcngel, the
APPENDIX
478
TO
[book
vii.
Behen.
Serapion brieflydescribes
fibrous
smell
with
Avicenna
of
holds
forming
and
(ii,2, 82),
also A^-icenna
that
semen.
of
it
aud
he
kinds,
secretion
the
increase
of
Armenia,
Both
viscidity.
some
and
humid,
See
varieties
two
consisting of
ha^-ing a good
Rhases
in addition
cordial
It is the
Centaurea
and
semen.
it is also
hot
are
says,
Behen
its power
to
L.
S"pinach\a.
We
as
have
According
and
orthopnoea,
by
it is laxative
Avicenna
to
of the
article introduced
dietetical
treated
already
other
of
the
of the chest.
diseases
useful
for this
used
the
by
purpose
such
su])jectto
veiy
in diseases
of the
bowels,
useful
It is noticed
Rhases
terms
potherb, and
(Vol. 1, 113.)
that
neck
and
inhabitants
in like
1. ult.
(Contin.
it is
excellent
an
chest,being
of
in
much
who
Nineveh,
are
complaints.
Rhabarbarum.
We
stated
have
it
(317), that
speciesof
of the
seem
to
Book
I, 43,
and
VII,
that
the
the
doubt
be
was
introduced
far
the
no
by
are
the
the
decidedly that
of which
that
copious
most
of
are
we
that
Our
and
there
the
R.
of
are
four
On
nothing
of rhubarb
they
says
the
until
purgative
were
rhubarb
whom
acts
under
tion
examinaThere
rhubarb
Baithar
this
first
he
Paulus.
species
head.
species of rhubarb,
virtues
as
was
purgative
Ebn
the
discovered
would
learned
some
careful
of the
Rhaponticum,
of the
the Mat.
on
rhaponticum.
instructive
physicians knew
from
general use
Arabians,
by
("sdii,
3)
the
was
perfectlydistinct.
CAidently means
it is stated
Tralhan
only
purgativerhubarl), at
or
satisfied
it
is the
author, however,
barbarum
rheum
which
regulartreatises
Although
11.
passage,
can
in the
Romans.
the Rheum
Rhabarbarum,
of
he
to
preceding Commentary
rhaponticum,
rheum
and
in the
Rheum
described
Greeks
allude
authorities
states
the
was
the rheum
Med.
of the
under
by
He
three
species,by
which
gives extracts
from
He
of the
near
is
to
deobstruent
says the
older
purgative kinds
his
and
time.
He
strength-
SIMPLES.
III.]
SECT.
connected
complaints of
as
the
Turkish
He
He
states, that
of
gives a
the
distinct
very
(CoUig. V, 42.)
barum,
infusion, he
from
pounded,
It may
be
but
it is most
the
Romans.
And
now
with
is the
utility; and
we
into
of
pity that
the
rhubarb.
Rhabar-
and
Turci-
and
mends
recom-
and
and
de-
known
whereas
the
introduced
the
introduction
Rheum
close.
to
clude
con-
the
the
it to
to
on
on
1573,
of
place
eloquent eulogy
this
of
in
Appendix
work
other.
rhubarb
of
been
the
that
out
the
have
to
was
this
of
Sirapl. v),
tart
thought
the
and
with
little
encouragement
by
still
works
ture
Litera-
'
History
The
persons
be
!
old
were
them
from
suffered
to
should
translations
not
of
derived
What
language
few
who
thank
have
available
indebted
are
inventions
to
should
rich
! We
many
more
we
made
this
Arabs
for
benefits
being
acquainted
made
it
celebrated
have
their
dust, without
been
who
one
the
not
have
to
draw
people were
those
have
gree.
de-
highest
Discoveries.^
should
fully aware
What
rhubarb,
is
drs.
ten
(De
owe
be
his
knowledge
we
we
should
we
in
noble
for much
them
that
Beckmann^s
and
to
conclusion,
Loudon,
to
Arabians
What
"
the
speciesof
culinary or
it will not
trust
of Inventions
of
purgative
true
not
in
common
that
Professor
of the
kinds
appears
seem
mention,
to
probable
we
especially
most
them
He
Serapion would
it is time
But
all the
Rhapouticum
According
countiy.
praisesit
one
three.
the
proper
rhaponticum
other
particularlyserviceable
spleen,and jaundice. The dose
of the
to
one
and
Avicenna
fluxes,dyspepsia,and
three
says, is from
with
acquainted
with
the
render
in
and
as
dropsy, obstructions
of the
wine
properties,which
obstruent
in
of
describes
]Mesue
all of which
them
aromatic
useful
authorities,Averrhoes
account
Rhaued,
or
to
cum,
Arabian
diseases,
obstructions, especially
purgative quality in
the
other
mental
says it is most
an
nature.
possesses
Of
He
similar
stomachic.
in
in
with
also in uterine
spikenard,and
Indian
lac.
gum
taken
when
diarrhoea
chronic
with
combined
when
useful
viscera, is
internal
the
of all
ener
479
for
to
great
were
them.
moulder
shame
meet
that
with
which
so
exist
sufficiently
acquainted
480
SIMPLE
PURGATIVES.
[book vii.
either with
gate. Had
a narrow
for
an
But
abundant
supplyof Arabic
piogp^ayrvg,i)
Give of aloes
they who
0"
ON
IV.
SECT.
But
I stilltwenty years to
SIMPLE
PURGATIVE
administer
and
solely
it in the
evening
food spoil.It
stomachic.
Those
take it formed
do not
who
into
of three
for
evacuates
oboli,for
sion
occa-
yellow
in that
case
cines
purgativemedialoes alone
stomach,
endure
cannot
morning.
is
pills. It is manifest
heat
like
manner
evacuate
as
the
those which
indurated
order
to
are
to
use
matter,
some
There
to
as
are
of
the
it,
system,and
to
or
certain mixed
are
treated of in
either
purgatives
dislodgeand remove
alterative to
of the afore-mentioned.
in
an
in
displace
any
cated
compli-
modes
Purgativemedicines are to be
firm and their understanding
powers
have passed the first stageof
not
yet come
and
have collections of
not
or
cines
purgativemedi-
been
drastic
or
as
diathesis,
change the temperament
an
offendinghumour.
Of
simplylaxative have
We
order to transfer
attracts iron.
magnet
are
be
the
the
after food
or
entirely
eccoprotic.But
being generallybad
hope
MEDICINES.
one
could
learn Arabic.
jita/cp?j."
revvr]
for it makes
the
mischief,
if
less
the
to
extent
bile,
given
it proves
live,and
works,I would
have
matters
superfluous
best
seasons
and have
life,
strongstomach,
in the
for
body,and
are
purging,if there
autumn.
On
the
medicines
vigour
and
to
apt
to
in
habits, and
rather
men
their
such
to
as
who
of
are
to
abound
urine,
disturbed
hot
in
and
to
or
those
whose
bitter
to
in
of
diy
ruddy
plexion
com-
whose
food
bellies
bile,are
eliola-
persons
persons
dark
women
stomachs,
to
give
may
are
stipated
con-
irascible,pass
and
and
dechne
the
than
We
except winter,
season
any
481
bile.
evacuate
life and
spoil on
little
at
of
muscular
;
is
things which
those
gogiie
PURGATIVES.
SIMPLE
IV.]
SECT.
use
dreams
without
fever
such
; to
have
as
tion
sensa-
of
troubled
hemicrania,
with
and
viscera
those
in acute
diseases
chronic
eyes
with
both
agrees
complaintsin
as
the
the
and
uterus
and
such
have
as
chest.
But
bladder
Avhen
as
and
those
maniacs,
defluxions
it suits most
those
of the
with
they require a
in
such
gogue
chola-
for chronic
affections of the
It is also proper
remedy.
trachea, for jaundice,exanthemata, lichen, herpes,erysipelas,
hellebore
and leprosy. Black
evacuates
bile,especially
yellow,
trouble.
Hence
it
without
is
from
the whole
and
body
given
to those
not affected with heavy fever, and
more
especiallyto
drachm
free from
of
such as are
fever,in the quantity of one
ing,
the roots triturated in honeyed water
or
plain water, while fastmix with it pennyinto pills. Some
with honey made
or
royal,
of the volatile stomachics.
or
some
Scamraony
savoury,
like hellebore, and
more
especially
yellow bile, but of
purges
all purgativemedicines
it is the most
to the stomach.
prejudicial
"
It
is,therefore,
and
such
with
iii.
as
have
to
be
given
to
those
strong stomachs,
salts, pepper,
ginger, or
some
to
who
are
the
amount
one
of
free
from
of four
the
fever,
oboli,
volatile
31
sto-
machicSj
with
gum.
with
along
or
The
"
like hellebore
nervous
parts, when
triturated
is to be
affections
who
have
the
pericranium
is
bladder.
like
chosen
; and
those
to
who
Elaterium
"
green
it is to be
given
of
hemina
one
juice
swallowed.
the
and
tongue
are
and
have
tops
of
oboli
and
to
in
and
The
is
mucus
nor
to
five
drops
quickly
ulcerate
they
acts
to
of
carious.
boiled
is to
in
be
Agaric has
"
slowly and
Iris purges
The
in
of
of
like
eight
hellebore,
similar powers
tha
drachms
two
in
like
with
not
very
when
manner
It
water.
ought
Centaury by purging
for
of
dried
prejudicialto
honeyed
small
drunk
The
"
white, brittle,and
very
eight oboli
hemina
of
amount
be
"
is not
weaker
are
amount
bile
evacuate
of wind.
the
the
to
who
whole.
them
given
They
lUyrian
"
be
particularlyadapted
decoction
centaury,
cuates
eva-
spurge,
purging, who
those
But
swallow
must
are
given
amount
is
be
is to
and
mouth
is
as
turated
oboli, tri-
or
require much
them.
It should
be old
and
chew
water.
carious.
the
kidneys
year,
polenta
in
Lathyrides (a speciesof
and
They are to be
scammony.
fifteen
as
eight,or as many
seven,
breaking
water.
nor
to
to
the
It
honeyed
not
Peplium
honeyed
stomach.
given
to
colocynth,but
the
of three
the
in
the
Such
Four
with
long
robust
stomachs,
occasion
woody
of
are
as
directed
the
mixed
also
on
the
Tithymallus,
"
under
"
amount
bad
than
amount
or
surrounding parts.
such
be
to
about
scammony.
spurge) purge
given to the
grains to
milk.
if retained
For
the
to
and
given,
are
older
not
those
likewise
like scammony.
evacuates
and
to
deflusions
affections
rough
cephalsea;
coughs
it
meninx
the
with
chronic
have
leeks, light,and
with
of
and
its
labouring
chronic
spasms,
in it. But
given
when
troubled
those
or
in
ulcerations
be
those
as
and
drachm
otherwise
is to
the
nerves
one
parts produce
affected, such
hemicrania,
cases
because
from
the
boiled
rue
It
pills
Colocynth
not
of
head, namely,
orthopnoea, asthma,
arthritic
or
of the
epilepsy,ajioplexy,cynic
eyes,
has
by sympathy.
affections
vertigo or
which
internal
from
amount
long time,
particlesstickingin the
nervous
but
vii.
into
fruit of the
matters,
the
to
formed
also
mucous
water
for
is
scammonv,
given
cyathi of honeyed
two
and
and
[book
part of the
medullary
blood
It
honey.
especiallybile
evacuates
in
PURGATIVES.
SIMPLE
482
cases
a
water
of ischiatic
drachm
until
and
it be
bile
disease.
half
reduced
of
to
belly,chest,
They
disease
ischiatic
but
they
are
are
drunk
with
phlegm.
Avater
of
pituitous;
or
of
cases
dropsy
white
of
and
Storax,
of the
wine
or
of Olive
root
water
oboli
nine
the
to
of
amount
of
one
Pellitory,with
of
of
seed
the
-,
Garlic, with
form
anorexia
mucous
those
from
of the
di'achm
bark
drachms
tAvo
of
cases
di-achm
One
"
flux.
copious running
joint becomes
particularlyadapted for
anasarca.
female
vii.
with
drachm,
have
who
the
of
cases
the
when
an
The
"
[book
expectoration,with
called
which
in
and
those
thick
and
nose
stomach
or
also with
agree
the
of
PURGATIVES.
SIMPLE
484
half
pills;
flakes
of the
drachm
of
with
copper,
bile
an
drachm
strongly.
purges
equal quantityof rosin,in pills,
oboli of the bark
of
leaves of Bay ; two
and half of the green
of
the root
of the wild Cucumber;
forty seeds of that specie's
ricinus
(which
of
of that
half
same.
some
Bdellium,
strippedof
Crotones
called
call
chamseraphanus),
with
hydromel
for defluxions
the
on
and
bark
eaten, do the
with
Parsley connected
of
part
their
"
is
root
drachms
two
eaten;
Gum
but
when
the
adapted
particularly
eves.
V
ivMch
Medicines
in
gogues
with
ulcers
with
accompanied
of the
flakes
water;
it be
The
"
the
touch
water.
boiled
honeyed
water,
water
purges
seed
of
with
oboli
Eight
"
perfume,
drunk
of
evacuate
Avhen
Cnicus,
small
honey,
when
drunk
Cnidium
when
boiled
stomach,
to
be
the
seed
water.
with
triturated
"
drachm
swallowed
that
its
it may
Twenty,
to those
who
but
are
Euphorbium,
more
like
in
Five
drachm
evacuates
manner,
drachms
togetherin ptisan^are
One
lest
water.
of
Cneorum,
polenta.
"
ates
evacu-
especially
rough Spleenwort, with
"
quantity of salts.
in honeyed water,
drachm
strijjpedof
given,and
of
have
water
honey,
phlegm,
evacuates
be
CAacuates
One
"
with
also
who
One
honeyed
must
with
drunk
or
thirtygrainsare
twenty-five,
as
forty.
stronger, as many
drunk
with
ascites ; to
those
to
"
Granum
orifice of the
called
copious discharge.
drunk
Copper, when
but
little vinegar
a
vomited.
and
of
whites
the
give hydra-
to
are
that
troubled
women
We
water.
evacuate
of
water.
of the
swallowed
Ammoniac
Some
give
SIMPLE
IV.]
SECT.
bark
of the
of two
spleen with
of the
it in affections
with
ounces
Commentary.
485
wine,
The
oxycrate.
"
drunk
Elder-tree, when
of the
root
PURGATIVES.
evacuates
the
to
the
amount
water.
philosopher Aristotle
The
juice of
thus
explains his
Comm.
"
When
purgatives
respecting the action of purgatives:
and
there
the
are
are
stomach,
dissolved,they are
conveyed to
carried
the
as
not
food, and when
they canby the same
passages
be digested,but their prevailingpower
remains
unsubdued,
them, and
they return, and carry with them whatever
opposes
"
ideas
this
is
See
called
Hippocrates administered
time
boldly,but at the same
and
We
he
do
freely
against the
of them
in
several
and
able
unseason-
parts
of his
Nat.
not
has
chapter
curious
and
marina
little salt
and
not
are
which
valuable
He
matter.
which
the
says
to
be
he
holds
that
when
given
milk
purgatives
of
them
when
the
the
when
there
is obstruction
pain
there
with
bile
is
it, and
or
or
head
feels
in the
phlegm,
and
several
the
the
devoted
other
to
the
the
the
of
use
modus
theoiy
are
rules,
highly
of
approves
eves
and
are
when
is
misty,
there
is
oppressed
section
vene-
will not
admit
system
He
mentions
purgativemedicines.
treatise
operandi
that
The
dyspnoea, when
(v,12.)
cases,
with
stomach,
them,
stomach
is
of the
complete
question regarding
decidedlyinclines
bowels,
there
powers
Asclepiadcstotallyrejectedthe
has
the
when
the
He
when
when
hip-joint,
indicated,but
in
heavy,
of
of asses,
fever is present.
any
he
Galen
ancient
more
hurt
of
contains
purgative medicines
very freeh^,such
hellebore, polypody, squama
seris,the milky juice of
black
lactuca
purgative medicines
on
various
physicians gave
as
any
humana.'
Celsus
much
find
medicines
cautions
administration
rash
works.
purgative
Alexander
also
every
to the
of
that
(i,3.)
discussion
of
purgatives. He
purgative by some
"
486
specificproperty
CoMM.
'
SIMPLE
PURGATIVES.
attracts,,and
[book
it were,
as
sucks
mi.
it
to
the
'
'
humour
the
"svhich it has
to
medicine
Although
this
flatters
hypothesis,we
and
one,
believe
have
that
as
Phlegmagogues.
maintained
that
thus
manner
the
converts
natiu'e
specific
own
divides
Hydragogues, and
hypothesis of Erasistratus,who
rejectsthe
each
He
alliance,in like
Melanogogues,
gogueSj
He
iron.
attracts
magnet
uatui'al
black
into
himself
long
that
looked
bile, and
at
it
upon
into
forth.
so
eflectuallv
he
its
demolishes
plausible
prevailingopinion
as
the
very
in the
in that direction.
For example,
professioniuchnes much
and
dark
dischargeswhich are brought off"by mercurial
green
purgatives,are now
generally supposed to be occasioned
the
the
by
the
fluids
in the
medicine
ancient
administered.
has
author
of
secretions
It
given
Erasistratus.
us
is to
clear
Galen
be
gives
regretted that
expositionof
long list of
with
the
no
thesis
hypoin
cases,
which
as
piu'gatives
eiysipelas,epilepsy,
prove beneficial,such
chronic
apoplexy, gout, rheumatism, melancholy, and many
insists strongly on
the benefit derived
from
complaints. He
of jaundice. (De purg. Med.
xi.)
cholagogues for the cure
Antyllus,
theory which
and
that
malignant
from
our
act
bv
attracting the
recommends
works
and
directs
various
which
thev
complaints, as
ulceration, and
subject,given by Oribasius,
of Galen
Ruff'us
limits.
for
to
23.)
(iii,
of this
account
them
humours
diseases, spontaneous
cutaneous
afi'ections.
the
extract
maintains
He
rheumatic
The
an
thev
allied.
are
in
there
is
acted
upon
Ruff
the
It
us.
surgeon
regulate
the
is
to
too
lengthy
consider
dose
is taken
of the
weU
for
the
medicine
to
purgatives described
pycnocomon,
poppies, cucumber,
moides, the
the
tithymalli
smaller
or
heliotrope, the
spurges,
the
savory,
lesser
sesa-
chamelaea, lathyris.
PURGATIVES.
SIMPLE
IV.]
SECT.
487
His
descriptionof the operation of Comm.
euphorbium.
each medicine
bespeaks a good acquaintance with the subject.
(Meth. Med. iii,7.)
(Med. Collect, vii,26.) See also Actuarius
agaric,and
'
Abbas
Haly
makes
acute
some
remarks
the
Every
it is allied.
such
when
its
medicine
is
is
humour
cognate
in this
operandi
modus
regarding the
swallowed,
been
which
both
peculiar fluid, as
adopts
has
medicine
from
the
the
magnet
He
modification.
such
body
been
the
that
maintain
others
does
states
his
as
bowels
the
to
He
mentions
its
attracts
of
this
theory
its cognate
fluid
are
veins.
gives a
He
of all the
full account
he
when
opinion that,
it attracts
swallowed,
that,
where
expelledby
medicine
iron ; and
it
entertained
are
which
to
to the members
the
further
of Cathartics.
maintain
Some
case.
action
humour,
have
it goes
lodged, from
the
on
the
by
purgativesknown
vocated,
theory is ad(Pract.iii,53, 54.) JNIuch the same
and fullyexplainedby Serapion. (De Autidot.
vii,10.)
of
Galen
and
Rhases
Avicenna
object to the doctrine
maintained
is a peculiar
that
there
that
he appears
to have
in his time.
between
alliance
fluid
the
that,
which
which
humour
or
there
as
purgative
is
alliance
no
it attracts,
the
between
like
with
manner
they evacuate.
peculiar fluids which
precise exposition of the
only a more
is
theory
also
See
which
He
vital,or,
the
There
naturts, and
Nature
Nature,
in
and
to
appears
is
be
the
it is
as
now
called,animal
heat
of the
iron
purgatives and
it is
Nature,
argue
the
He
theory of INIesue.
gative
says that a purincrease
operates by occasioning a preternatural
medicine
of
they
and
This, however,
(Canones universales.)
]\Iesue
in
originality
some
stated
acutely
very
class and
theory advanced
by
Avicenna
(i,4, 4.) The ancient
(Collig.v, 21.)
by Averrhoes
(Cont. xii,1) ;
Rhases
certain
magnet
the
Galen.
it attracts, whereas
is it in
so
of
medicine
is
to
that
this
not
say,
the
case,
the
an
operation
medicine
for, lie
adds
is
of
the
vis
part
to
increased.
act
an
of
medicatrios
of
merely the instrument
(as Hippocrates says),it is
physician,that
cures
diseases.
pur-
'
'
*
of Nature.
power
it to
he
do
from
from
difficulty
impacted there.
of
rule
added
to
the
On
he
render
ancient
and
limits.
the
the
not
gives
are
are
for
highly
Aromatics
the
same,
their purgative
it
of
arrangement
and
substances
sweet
their
diminish
and
less nauseous,
them
render
which
for
too
unctuous,
operation,and
their
emetics,
says,
our
lengthy
bitters do
says, dispelflatus ;
stomach; saltish things increase
but
powers;
he
of purgativemedicines
qualities
noxious
strengthen the
and
easily; still
greatest possible
the
directions
The
they are
purgatives,he
important,
weather,
hot
indicated.
correcting the
intestines
the humours
joints,especiallywhen
forbids
He
purgatives to be given in
cold ; in this practiceobserving
of hot or
Hippocrates. In
purgatives,are
and
less
veins
with
from
humours
the
either
extremes,
liver,and
the
from
difficultly
more
attracting
Purgative medicines,
meseraic
the
of
has
magnet
attractingstraws.
of
readily;
so
the
the
different
they
which
property
have
says,
the
"
the
amber
and
iron,
attractive
illustratingthe
in
acts
joins the
He
vii.
lie argues,
gative medicine^,then,
CoMM.
"
[book
PURGATIVES.
SIMPLE
488
acrimony.
Dr.
purgative medicines
It is impos:
sible
following pertinent remark
to the
to concede
opinion of Dr. Hamilton, that the
tinct
disdo
not
different
possess
species of purgative medicines
be
to
difi'erent species of matter
the
over
powers
for revivingthe
the
evacuated
contrary, there is reason
; on
Paris
"
the
makes
different
these
cathartic
medicines
cholagogues,
thus
"
ancient
We
have
very
of the
in
learned
Dr.
essay
Alston
knowledged
ac-
operations of
the
appropriatenames
(Pharmacop.)
"c."
doctrine
the
under
distinctions
which
and
ancient
of
hydragogues,
likewise
in confirmation
writes
of the
specificoperation of purgativesby
Dr.
into the
(Lond. 1740, in 8vo.) I shall not enter
controversy, but only observe that there is nothing impossible,
improbable in the theory." (Lectures.) See a learned
yea, nor
Bibliotheca
dissertation
the action of purgativesin Mangeti
on
G.
Martyn
'
Anatomica,^ i, 159.
in
his Materia
Medica
We
may
mention
inclines
to
the
further
Galenic
that Dr.
theorv
Murray
of
the
On
Most
of
these
therefore
do
not
Cholagogues.
kuoM-n, and
well
PURGATIVES.
SIMPLE
IV.]
SECT.
See
greater length.
489
medicines
be
require to
(iii)and
also Aetius
Comm.
sufficiently
are
treated
of at
Oribasius
(M.
foUoAving
table
'
Col.
vii.)
author
Arabian
The
Cholagogues
the
gives
Mesne
Valenter.
Clementer.
Aloe
.
Trahendo
Agaricus.
et
Asarum.
Absintliiiim
astringendo,
Rosa
flavie:
Aristolochia.
aliae
nam
Bryonia.
Cyclaminus.
Cucumer
agrestis.
/
Rhabarbarum
aliud
vacuant.
Wyrobalaui
Cliolagogaf
of
Pruna.
Radices
Indi
Tamar
Cassia
Dracunculus
Astringendo.
arum.
Esula.
i\Ianiia.
Viola
et
Elleborus.
nigra
Hermodactylus.
t Liibricando.
Iris.
Psyllium
SciUa.
phi.
etiam
Adiantum
LTurbith.
It
with
which
Greeks
the
tamariudi,
have
perceived
be
will
manna,
ab'eady given
Section.
some
several
articles
Of
all these
account
in the
substances
Appendix
the
to
we
Third
Indian
an
He
signifyinga date.
says, that
for repressingthe acrimony of the
they are excellent medicines
humours, purging bile,cooling the heat of the blood ; that they
inflammation
of the stomach
prove useful in hot fevers,jaundice,
palm-tree,
word
turbith.
the
calls
INIesue
list contains
were
and
this
that
the
liver,and
and
hurting
with
give them
in the
commentators
are
Greeks
been
have
herb, having
as
his
their
states
that
Serapion says,
third degree.
leaves
like
commentator
this is
Mesne
rants
refrige-
prevent them
calls
Manardus
they are
ters
charac-
desiccants
ranks
desiccants
that
the
them
of
the
the
earlier
tripolium of
generallyacknowledged
now
ferula,but
that
to
fennel, or
medicinal
Averrhoes
decidedly of opinion,
mistake.
To
mastich, wormwood,
Avicenna
turbith,but
was
calls them
coldness, he recommends
of the
third, and
refi'igerants
order.
We
have
ah'cady mentioned,
second
ever,
their
the
among
to
by
order.
second
spikenard, mace,
terms.
same
the
stomach
refrigerants in the
and
the
of
calefacients.
such
any
the
He
that
desiccants
and
from
tamur
it the
smaller.
remarks,
of
milky
Proba])ly,liow-
root
there
is
some
'
"
in the
mistake
CoMM.
'
Moses
Charras,
chosen
by
its
it
no
which
within,
and
sents
repre-
in
given
is
powder,
drachms.
two
aff'ections
inflammatory
to
is
Mesue
It is
purgative.
one
white
fibrous.
vii.
author,
milky root,
and
there
as
modern
without,
is hard
of from
amount
recommends
Serapion
of
dark-coloured
which
ferula^
accurate
bark
the
[book
the
An
hot, nauseous
to the
savs,
calls
pith,
it to be
it to
them.
weight,
its
from
clear
of
comparison
between
resemblance
he
PURGATIVES.
SIMPLE
490
cines
the
He
describes
following mediherpes, and tertian fever.
hellebore,
as
cholagogues : aloes, southernwood, black
colocynth,agaric,elaterium, two speciesof mezereon,
scammony,
last two
Medica
We
unable
are
what
determine
to
the
were.
thus
Contracta,'
his
INIargravius,in
writer, Chi'istianus
modern
the
alterariabin.
and
anabac
of
root
the
enumerates
Materia
'
his
of
cholagogues
time.
Cholagoga,
Cassia,
tamarindi, succusque
manna,
Alpinus gives an
Professor
Med.
cholagogues. (Meth.
said
to
scientific
pelos hexandra.
9.
12.
7.
15,
varietyof
convohnilus
the
suaveolens.
20.
communis.
Uicinus
25.
Suj)tachetta.
cardiospermum.
26.
Of
Abrus
chebula.
11.
Costus
23.
the
particularlycommended.
speciosus.
Hindoo
ternata.
fistula.
14.
Jelaka?.
19.
27,
24.
Poa
17.
Bignonia
tiuctoria.
Eiiphorbia.
Hahcacabum
turbet, myrobalans,
(On
tur-
Cessam-
Cassia
Indigofera
Calotropis gigantea.
these
6.
aspera.
16.
the
polyandrum.
Clotoria
8.
18. Ramaku.
21.
are
give
we
precatorius.
Shabraba.
turpethum.
ancient
Convolvulus
Croton
spontaneum.
Terminalia
22.
3.
1.
Acheranthes
13.
Saccharum
cvnosurides.
oil,are
10.
zeylanica.
Plumbago
Asclepias geminata.
of convolvulus.
kind
5.
tuberosum.
Anthericum
the
Hindoos;
the
Wise
Dr.
of
following medicines
frumentaceum.
Panicum
aloe.
account
The
iii,9.)
given by
as
2.
accurate
purgatives by
as
names
pethum.
4.
used
be
rosarum,
mjTobalani, rhabarbarum,
Scammonium,
and
Medicine.)
castor
Averrlioes
CoMM.
'
'
"
PURGATIVES.
SIMPLE
492
medicine
On
that
states
of this class.
[book
lapis lazuli
the
the
is
most
vii.
potent
(CoUig. v, 43.)
Mesue's
Fhlegmagogues.
list is
follows
as
Valenter.
Clementer.
fEuphorbiuni.
Opoponax.
rCnicus.
I Lupulus.
Phlegmagoga"^
Hyssopus.
Lachryraa
I^Eupatorium
etiam
cholag.
( Scammonium.
1 Sagapenum.
l^Sarcocolla.
directs
Serapion
of
habit, in cold
cold
with
little
list is
from
different
the
as
the
Phlegmagoga
His
Margravius
merates
enu-
"
agaricus,tuvpeth,mechoaca,
Carthamus,
affected
hemorrhages.
author's.
follows
to persons
those
to
year,
sciatica and
our
phlegmagogues
medicines
these
of
seasons
apoplexy, in
and
anasarca
administer
to
us
jalappa,
Hermodactylus, euphorbium,
On
tree
commended
are
section
There
We
are
is
Arabian,
correspond
of
receiptfor
that
which,
with
the
the
on
and
reckons
that
is
in doses
Post
of
of
was.
the
among
modern,
authorities,
author.
our
purgative salt, a
It also
into
enters
10.)
See
gnidium,
coccum
fifteen
grains it
humours
the
drastic
is
or
the
the
mentary
com-
fruit of the
strong purgative,
in
dropsy.
purgatives.
gratiola,
atque
ebuli
Soldauella
cneoros
Mesne
the
and
9
(ii,
peris among
The
Esula,
the
See
fistula,the
given by
cneoros
principally
squama
author's.
the
cassia
by
the
serous
Serapion'saccount
our
elder-
Section.
next
evacuates
the
as
an
thymelfea,
the
was
stated
ingredient of
given by Apicius.
is
which
of
account
purgatoriiof Myrepsus.
sales
it
ammoniac
Gum
think
to
characters
and
Sydenham.
in determining what
difficulty
some
inclined
medicinal
and
the
Book.
Third
in the
Dropsy
on
Boerhaave
by
sagapenum.
hydragogue propertiesof
The
Hydragogues.
opoponax,
semen,
et
ireos succus,
succus,
virens, et gummi
mechoaca,
cortexque elaterium,
gutta,jalappa.
same
:
He
as
PURGATIVES.
COMPOUND
v.]
SECT,
V.
SECT.
PURGATIVES.
COMPOUND
ON
493
Pills
of
p.
dose
the
Of
aloes.
from
xj grains.
oxymel of
The
iij;
oz.
rue^
of thyme,
(capillary-leaves?)
of the hair
j; of
iris,oz.
Of
Julian.
the
of
root
mandrake,
oz.
of
marjoram,
oz.
iv; of dill,oz.
oz.
iij;
iss; of
ij; of
fatty dead
oz.
j;
of
the
of rha
Ponticum,
iss ; of
oz.
of
iij;
elder-tree, oz.
squills,oz.
which
canopus,
iij;of
the
is the
bark
tops
of
elder, oz,
in the
the herbs
vinegar for
honey, five sextarii : macerate
half be
than
three days ; then, having boiled it until more
one
the
the
add
having strained, add
honey, and
consumed,
Cnidium, and the spikenard
lathyrides,the costus, the granum
full dose
The
It is useful
at
gouty
affections
time
same
to
cloves, of
of
thyme,
rha
oz.
epilepsies
; and
and
evacuate
cloves.
of
Ponticum,
dose
each,
is
Cnidium,
granum
oz.
ss;
of
when
dislodge thick
or
"purgativehydragogue from
The
of
the
is
in
if you
triturated,and,
Of
of
euphorbium,
we
quire
re-
humours.
aloes, of
dodder
of
stone-parsley,
scr.
iv; of honey,
spoonful.
Of
Tfie purgative medicine
from rhodomel, of Alexander.
two
the juice of roses,
sextarius; of
sextarii; of honey, one
iv,
A full dose is five spoonfuls,a small, two,
oz.
scammony,
of honey, lb. j;
dose three
medium
a
spoonfuls. Otherwise:
The
s.
q.
one
^"
of the
mastich,
of
I
juiceof
use
oz.
ss;
having
of
lb.
roses,
dr.
iv;
j; of
of
and
ginger, dr.
spikenard,of asarabacca, of
macerate
boiled
in
it to
a
a
hemina
moderate
dr. viij;
ij;of scammony,
ij. Otheriinse,one which
of thyme, of each,
dodder
dr.
pepper,
of
"
water
degree,
for three
mix
with
days;
the
and
water
of the
and
juice of
half
roses,
boiled
having
the
to
of
amount
oz.
triturated
it,give one
The
citron, and
honey, sprinkle of
The
of pepper
of
of the
of
pickled
oz.
olives
moderate
A
v;
dr.
iv; of
of
honey,
A
each,
j;
oz.
of dodder
euphorbium,
mix
the
oz.
other
Of
each,
of
mony
scam-
of
j;
The
is
oz.
fennel,
it
derately,
mo-
ounce.
of pepper,
j; of
oz.
stone-parsley,of
dose
rue,
laserwort,dr.
is v,
dr.
scammony,
of
j;
roasted
one
dr. iv ; of
each,
scammony,
scr.
The
j;
of
heminse;
add
Some
ix.
vij,or
iv; of euphorbium,
(malabathrum),dr. ij;of
dr.
pepper,
ij;
j.
Of
posca.
of pepper,
vi;
Cnidium
two
cumin,
of
fennel,
add
Some
oxy crate.
the
pounded
oz.
Of
dr.
j; of
strippedof
of
ss;
ij.
also
the
its
of
root
iij;of
capers,
bark, dr.j; of
of
heminse;
in
the
honey,
wine,
and
triturated.
salts
common
bread,
ss; of
scammony,
is
oz.
squills,
squills,macerate
dried
dose
Of
cases.
things when
each,
j.
baked
of
oz.
for dropsical
Purgative salts.
seed, of ginger, of
each,
j; of
oz.
pepper,
amount
scruplesin the
granum
iij. Having
of
of
iv.
scr.
malabathrum,
pepper,
sextarius
consistence
j ; having
cumin,
of
mint,
stomachic
wine
purgative
the
the
fish-sauce.
is two
parsley-seed,oz.
oz.
and
of
leaf
lb.
honey,
scammony,
dose
of
of
of
iv; of
half
vinegar, two
honey, oz. v;
sextar.
(namely of schistous),one
The
bark
sextarius
of
and
full dose
dr.
of
of
of the
j, in
Of
j;
of
j.
The
long
parsley-seed,of
trochisk.
purgative
of
Having
v.
strength.
acquire the
Buccellatus.
toasted
of
it
of
the cassia-leaf
lb.
scammony
j.
oz.
Of
quantity of
purgative
the
left; add
until
hippocras to
leaves
green
dates,
oz.
thyme,
sextariusj
oz.
Boil
lb.
same,
be
powder
called
olives.
Purgative
dodder
boiled
and
in
give
third
leaven,
anise, of each,
of
flesh of the
the
purgative
j;
oz.
in
vii.
quinces,oz. iv;
j; of honey,
citrons.
purgativefrom
having
roasted
dr.
roasted
spoonful,according to
of the
and
honey,
Of
from quinces.
of viater, until
half
half
honey,
acquireconsistence,add
of scammony,
ss;
stomachic
it
[book
iss.
oz.
medicine
purgative
of
asextavius;
it until
of pepper,
PURGATIVES.
COMPOUND
494
one
of
spoonful.
scr.
dodder
vj;
of
of
anise, of
thyme,
of
COMPOUND
v.]
SECT,
PURGATIVES.
495
Of
hermohermodactyhis.
podagric purgative from
dactylus,oz. iij;of anise, of Ethiopian cumin, of bishop^sweed,
of ginger, of each,
of thyme, of white
of the
clusters
pepper,
The
scr.
iij;of
give
scr.
dodder
cnicus,
scammonv,
because
evacuation
be
scammony
from
Of
the
with
morning
iv;
scr.
dose
is
Of
hippocras,
hermodactylus,
ij;of musk,
iv with
scr.
it is bad
for
one
hydromel.
stomach.
the
the
three
scr.
We
reject
But
dose
j; of
oz.
vj;
siHqua; of
if
more
siliquseof
arthritic
vj; of agaric,oz. j; of
dodder
of thyme, oz.
j; of lapisarmenicus, scr. xij; of cassia,
oz.
j; of spikenard, oz. j; of baked
squills,oz. ij; of saffron,
dose is scr.
The
scr.
xij;add to rhodomel.
ij.
The
pvrgatii'efrom coronopodium, applicable in the same
cases.
cases
that
as
from
of pepper,
ij;
scr.
aloes,oz. iv; of
some
heated.
Pills
in the
is
of
The
ij.
dose
the
scr.
scr.
ss
otherivise.
purgative
same
mastich,
oz.
strong wine
or
Ethiopian cumin,
of
thyme,
It is administered
vj.
honeyed water,
The
of
cnicus,
iv;
scr.
hermodactyhis,
of
the
vj ; the
from
of pepper,
dose
A
to
size of
Having
allowing the
sweet
oil,and
them
to
black
them
the
evacuated
reduced
oil
pap
one
up
being
of
night
the
to
of
plantain (coronowhose
which
twenty-three siliquse,
make
those
to
After
bread
and
eggs
of rue,
leaves
in
of
cases
ivishes
evacuation,
for food.
Of
of
Cyrenaic juice,
The
each, dr. j
.
oil, boil
day.
the
with
of scammony,
similago,or
dried
On
; then
water, add
dr.
bread
the
covers
proper
the
seed,
with
allow
followingday,
in
throw
to
viscid
fill them
remain,
their
aggravated
thick and
colocynths
soft consistence
mixed
and
colocynths, evacuate
two
and
cedema
dislodgea
to
medullary part to
covering them up with
remain
part
persons
scr.
take
useful
cut
hellebore, and
a
but
iij,
ginger,
filbert.
when
humour.
and
buckthorn
nearly eight.
or
of the
ginger,
j)urgative pap,
having
they are
is
move,
let them
elephantiasis,and
and
of
Of
internal
of the
j;
of
is the
dose
stomachic.
agaric,scr.
root
oboli,
altogether seven
having bathed,
TJiat
of
j;
scr.
podium), scr.
belly is difficult
oz.
scammony,
water
them
it three
until
away,
oboli
of
it
of
^^
"
patient, who
the
to
the
simple diet,
to
filberts;and
let him
Commentary.
CoMM.
"""
'
PURGATIVES.
COMPOUND
496
reader
is
arbitrary,and
so
we
all the
which
would
demand
which
for all
with
is it much
of
system
of the
Under
important
more
this
Cathartica,
head
or
same
"
conditi
Sales
oz.
ad multa
bishop^s weed,
iss.
mixed
up
oz.
will be seen,
and
be content
cinal
medi-
of these
class
some
occasional
some
account
curate
ac-
remarks
on
:"
iss ;
of
with
many
thyme,
oz.
oz.
Aetius
and
aX^q
of
est cremati
for
roasted, lb. j ;
the
of sal
iss ;
of
contain
cordial
koh'cu
frictum
"fricti, id
salt
pepper,
purgative
The
Apicius's receipt
is
of
Halatia
the
commune
it:
common
white
pui'gativesalts
sal
explains
Of
The
of
parsley-seed,
sal ammoniac
medicines,
such
as
scammony,
and
sal
of each
the
following
ammoniac
of
The
necessarily
therefore
of the ancients.
as
thus
Apicius. Humelbergius
torrefacti."
give
Salts
Purgative
would
shall
one
articles.
shall
we
the
are
TTtfppvyjiiivai
offer
only
readers
our
copious
sufficiently
We
practicalpui'poses.
few
et
is
which
task, and
required, since,as
pharmacy
preparations,and
or
undertaking
an
all their
through
wearisome
very
as
Now
preparation.
little difference
every
us
principle,
exactlyagreeing
pharmacy
fixed
any
one
any
out
be
such
neither
; and
author^s
oui"
point
of the
remainder
the
authors
on
scarcelyrecompense
attention
and
fourteen
most
in
into
would
them,
prevailsamong
place to apprizethe
regulatedby
writers
and
to
the
as
two
enter
ancieut
formulae,
complex
notes
find any
can
ingredients which
to follow
find
will not
little
so
this
in
proper
he
at
or
vii.
"srater.
simple medicines
of
it is seldom
to the
hot
be
why
reason
combination
that
drink
restricted
formerly
eight, ten,
copiouslyillustrated by
so
The
of
It may
of the
work
size
been
has
[book
purgatorius recommended
Myrepsus
by
with
Thev
all consist
and
scammony
(Sect, ii.)
See
also
Haly
are
Actuarius.
salts.
salt mixed
These
109.)
(iii,
pepper,
of
various
the
ingredients of
(Meth.
purgative
sal ammoniac,
aromatics
Abbas.
Med.
in
or
v,
and
10.)
machic
sto-
common
different
(Pract.x, 10.)
tions.
propor-
SECT,
vr.]
SECT.
VI.
PURGATIVES.
THE
ON
and
medicines;
NOT
PURGED
In
when
general
empty
stomach,
is to
be
purged
and
abstain
From
from
is troubled
wine,
bile
from
has
the
be
not
disease
with
a
there
and
be
bathed
heavy,
be
been
performed
it has
and
be
with
been
an
and
wholly
moderate
all food
has
motion,
drink, until
the
mouth
of the
the
; for
preceded,
out
of diluted
after
not
but
in this
evacuation
not
it ; but
medicine.
does
one
if the
all
of
the
belly, we
is
pain
pungent
thus
belly is
disorder
and
freely with
be
opened,
oil
he
body,
if he
is to
especiallyif
more
of
evacuated,
not
of the
or
serious,
tearing
minister
necessarily ad-
must
the
not
greatness
the
even
its
by
way
at
the
way
straight-
of the
medicines,
be
stomach
has
stomach,
case
about
bread
endure
or
urgent,
must
the
laxative
solicitous
rubbed
cannot
chondrus,
taken
provided
if
vein
spoilin
of the
any
if he
him
of
speedy
clyster. But
a
the
give
been
the
to
very
But
ptisan, or
medicine
distension
and
patient
long fasting,which
lest it
evacuate,
nor
pains
of
it contributes
need
we
the
make
because
begun,
if,after taking
purge
is to
purgatives
to
should
must
we
juice
after the
But
either
cause,
the
evacuation
weight
food,
with
such
or
given
of PhUagrius.
works
the
any
drastic
from
ARE
PURGATIVES.
OF
sleeping until
time
WHO
over.
abstinence
or
the
PURGATIVE
those
to
digestionhas
from
TAKE
WHO
done
the
possible he
during
is
purging
if
be
be
after
prevented
off,
of
is to
and
and
to
DOSE
any
medicine
the
is
PROPER
THOSE
OF
what
BY
taken^
he
MANAGEMENT
497
he
is of
nent,
sanguineous habit of body, and if his eyes be red and prominot naturallybut incidentally,
owing to his having drunk
the
"When
medicine.
but
he
the
meantime
settle ;
and
again
clyster,should
the
carminative
HI.
after
immediately
in
and
these
and
experiences a gnawing
food
take
of
none
be
he
he
is to
is to
that
of
the
rue
lancinating pain,
bath,
receive
be
or
trouble
symptoms
and
drink
wine
clvster,if he
bathed.
prepared
The
from
him,
he
may
freely,
does
oil used
in the
other
some
medicines.
32
not
of
PURGATIVES.
498
Commentary.
CoMM.
Hippocrates^
[book
Galen
as
of
draught
"
ptisan
in
pm'gative medicine,
and
medicine
wash
intestines.
the
has
of
smallness
the
indurated
bv
clyster before
cutting
of
bowels
are
difl"cult
iSIesue
has
treated
either
to
arises
from
directs
When
the
of them
from
extracts
directs
and
who
the
of
soup
are
the
when
us,
administer
to
persons
fish,
shell-
clyster.
to vomit.
apt
of the
is
in
excited
and
Avicenna
the
moderate
such
case
in the
if in
as
he
he
bowels,
(i,iv, 8),
cold
water
and
the
cold
to
intestine.
he
(Contin.
pears.
be
nistered
admi-
given,
When
clyster. (Canon.
Rhases
be
or
he
and
water,
clyster to
medicine,
this
intestines,
quinces,
of the
by
fi'om
directs
forbids
stomach
the
one
us
When
the
of
draught
other
any
is retarded
emetic.
an
nected
con-
recommends
he
expulsive faculty of
contraction
the
give
or
than
medicine
of the
humours,
obstructed,
this
purgatives
operation
of
circumstances
all the
of
clyster
give, first,a
and
emetic,
also
state
a
debility
increase
are
bad
the
passage
it will
the
astringent potion,
the
to
administration
When
or
to
us
in two
like, or
fully of
more
administer
some
pains
the
author.
by flatus,
the
for
vii,26.)
with
ancient
and
he
digested
bad
attenuating
give beforehand
to
move,
give purgatives
to
us
Collect,
(Med.
to
is
"c.
Ruffus
Ruffus.
mallows, beet,
forbids
then
and
up
times,
are
possess
subject
the
of
impression
oportet purgare,
of this
not
from
other
purgatives
which
does
means
or
in
the
blocked
bv
the
of
or
being
At
the
operation
powers
kidneys,
weaken
seeds,
fully
Galen
all
the
patient,
removed
the
of
lodge
may
purgative
intestines
to
to
us
the
operate.
As
Quosnam
"
treats
with
He
food.
blunt
the
be
is determined
of aromatic
powers
works
See
can
medicine
after
of
the
the
given
to
taking
operation
it which
sometimes
from
or
recommends
Oribasius
that
must
mixture
the
by
dose,
into
he
stomach,
only
faeces, which
converted
and
tends
idiosyncrasy
medicine
the
adds,
an
from
be
it to
remarks,
either
particles of
any
it
as
the
facilitate
to
forbid
Both
Galen
operate,
order
after
immediately
s'n'allowecl
away
commenced,
medicine.
be
to
reeommenfls
mentions,
'
"
vir.
as
violent
recommends
Univers.
xii.)
iii.)
ANTIDOTES.
500
Hippocrates
CoMM.
Aetius, in
and
the administration
coloured
the
and
light-
with
treatment
great precision,
After
tion,
fricsame
as
our
they are mostly
cupping, tight ligatures,and restorative draughts have
he recomthe excessive
mends
purging continue
tried, should
been
administer
to
Mesne
author
is the
connected
with
recommends
directs
He
narcotics.
When
suitable
of
is
much
of them
and
harm
the
to
stop it
to
us
as
might
aromatics
he directs
severe
He
remedium,
uJtimum
cordials
the tenesmus
and
enemata
bath
tepid
to
us
occasioned
lassitude
add
symptoms
greatest length.
an
administration
the unseasonable
result.
as
all the
of
the
narcotics
reserve
ner,
man-
treated
has
h}-percatharsisat
to
us
who
See, in like
(i,4, 7.)
narcotics,
Rhases
from
author's.
the
us
by
of
rules
but
But
from
purging
the bath
vii.
after it.
and
lays down
A^acenna
excessive
of
cases
medicine, recommend
of
before
wine
[book
and
water,
sweet
friction
with
oils.
warm
(Canones Universales.)
SECT.
The
VIII.
of
hiera
THE
ON
"
ponax,
of sagapen,
called
clematis, of white
of
spikenard,
of
q.
xx
dr.
perfume,
of St. John's
polypody,
of
s.
of the
of
dr.
iij
;
of
of
leaves
Of
the
cinnamon,
saffron,of
medullary
squills,of agaric,
baked
of black
bark
of each
hiera.
Another
"
dr.
of
moniac
am-
hellebore, of scammony,
of dodder
of
thyme,
of diied
of
\iij; of troglodyticmyrrh, of opoponax,
of stone-parsley,of the
common
long, and white
of saffron, of castor, of the long bu*thof cinnamon,
sagapen,
pepper,
The
of each
cassia,of each
Mort,
of the
wort,
of
pepper,
troglodyticmyrrh,
iv; of honey,
each
HIER^.
Of
Antiochus.
medullary part of
CALLED
ANTIDOTES
of each
hiera
of
scammony,
dr.
dr. iv
of
of Justus.
honey,
Of
q.
dodder
s.
of
cassidony, of germander,
of agaric,of long pepper,
thyme,
of
di\
black
of baked
xij;
hound,
of hore-
hellebore, of
of
squills,
each
ANTIDOTES.
viir.]
SECT,
dr.
of
xv] ;
of
aloes,
saffron, of
cinnamon,
of
dr.
with
scr.,
Tlie
white
of
of
each
dr.
of
ij;
of
and
iv;
long
and
flower
of
is two,
three,
Of
of
germander,
long
Of
of Ruffus.
of
hound,
of
honey,
scammony,
of
saffron, of poley,
of the
round
of
dr.
each
spikenard,
saffron,
of
strain.
The
are
mixing
leaden
The
of
each
of white
of white
v;
pepper,
of base
each
hore-
iv;
dr.
of
of
dr.
iv ;
put
then
them
full dose
the
This
is the
of them
must
Commentary.
add
The
class
to
of
ancient
writers
aloetic
liicra,which
The
these
much
them
of
the
wish
we
not
an
used
salts,dr. j ;
make
those
more
the
is
works
mention
the
it
of it.
There
in
glass or
part, consist
makes
by
scammony
most
described
to
obolus
aromatics.
Galen
in
it also of
have
of them
up
to
If
s.
which
compositions
on
pharmacy.
was
the
Add
q.
with
cinnamon,
method
hierae, for
purgatives, combined
variety
add
common
each
of
(malabathrum),
with
honey lay
of water,
is dr. iv.
of
the
and
finest
dr.
leaf
macerate
to
triturate
with
of each
sagapen,
mortar
of
of
cassia
pouiid
agaric,
colocynth, of cassidony,
of stone-parsley,of
sagapen,
of
the
of
horehound,
pepper,
myrrh,
into
vessel.
drastic
Of
opoponax,
opoponax,
night ;
one
of
medullary part of
dr. viij;of
sagapen,
of
mp'rh,
medullary part
of
x;
birthwort,
to be
perfume,
cassia,dr. viij;
of
of Archigenes.
hiera
germander,
of
of
or
thyme),
s.
q.
The
dr. iv
cinnamon,
of
the
sicyonia,or
four
or
pepper,
of
salts.
dr.
The
rush,
birthwort,
spikenard, of
poley, of
of the
round
of
dose
The
s.
q.
Galen.
of
pepper,
of opoponax,
viij;
the
water
of
dr.
spikenard, of
honey,
honeyed
hiet^a
of each
of each
myrrh,
pennja'oyal,of
of each
euphorbium,
of sagapen,
perfume,
501
celebrated
"
ofcoMM.
'
great
of
the
of
an
genes.
Archi-
c;
'
LINLMENTS.
502
CoMM.
[book
nardi, xylobalsami,mastichse
cinnamomi,
vii.
'
'
dr.
aloes
dr.
Abbas
of
instead
the
of 5, aud
the
of
Serapion
much
the
Hiera
Picra
dr.
hierse.
Galeni
subigeudo
Tere
j;
comp,
of 6
hierse,Haly
The
"
Med.
But
He
following is
Aloes
R.
mellis
cum
Charras's
(De
authorities.
other
or
his
flavse,dr.
cinnamomi,
xivss. ;
30
xc
greater number.
all the
for
receipt for
directed.
of
proportion
substitute
composition
variety,Myrepsus surpasses
describes
the composition of
the
to
us
quantity
describes
Mesue
loc.)
ace.
recommends
great, and
is too
Ixxx
Galen
yj."
amomi,
Attici
absinthii,
q. s."
little different.
Moses
(Royal
Pharm.
i, 20.)
SECT.
IX.
LINIMENTS
ON
liniment
is
to the
with
triturated
efficacious
more
the
honey
wool
addition
be
introduced
and
of
so
small
sowbread
juice of
TO
rubbed
AND
ANUS,
NAVEL.
Rue
or
the
it.
cumin
flatus
the
becomes
It
and
It is daubed
suppository
juice, and
one
with
quantity of
added.
For
honey.
THE
THE
from
to
as
fundament
if
TO
anus
pavts of the
inner
APPLIED
APPLICATIONS
PURGATIVE
BE
TO
natron,
upon
is formed
flocks
with
or
of
the
freely,aft'ordiug
escapes
relief.
A
liniment
Alum
nanche.
anus,
free
evacuating the
being triturated
yellowish,and
it become
forces
to the
the
evacuation
of
with
honey
is to
anus
many
be
called
belly;
Cheza-
is to be boiled
rubbed
things,
with
but
until
it.
It
without
not
trouble.
An
applicationto
sowbread, dr. iv
of
the navel
as
laxative
of natron, dr.
the
bowels.
and
white
of
iij; of black
colocynth,dr. iij; of
scammony,
Of
bore,
helledr.
ij;
Cnidium, dr. iv ; of
juiceof elaterium, dr. iv ; of granum
fatty dried figs,oz. ij; of the gall of bulls, oz. j. Another
very
of
of
of
of
excellent
elaterium,
one
bread,
sow:
lathyi'ides, galbanum,
of the
of black
parts
of
hellebore, of each.
colocynth,
dr.
viij;
of
of
di". iv
fresh
wild
the
medullary
cucumber,
of
X.]
SECT.
EMETICS.
of graimm
scammony,
Cnidiura,
ij;
of
turpeutine,dr. iij;
use
as
liniment.
vij, and
of
mix
503
of
each,
dr.
with
the
these
by mixing
Some,
Sicyonian oil,
dr.
spurge,
gall of bulls,and
with
q. s., make
of
ij;
them
it of
of wax,
the
oz.
form
of
plaster.
Commentary.
It
is clear
the
that
liniments
applied to
Comm.
^
the
anus
were
described
The
to
in much
of
rest
our
them.
his
the
terms
same
(xxvi,2.)
Med.
the
ancient
used.
had
The
author's
our
Kerr,
them,
to
ON
by Myrepsus.
also very
are
gives
is
similar
full account
of
v,
late Dr.
X,
Chezananche
the
navel
much
were
recourse
SECT.
as
Actuarius
9.)
Purgative applicationsto
by
The
suppositories.
author's,
(Meth.
of
sort
and
EMETICS,
of
Aberdeen,
spoke highly
AND
THE
are
OF
to
seldom
now
however,
of their
MODE
trusted
sometimes
efficacy.
ADMINISTERING
HELLEBORE.
Persons
in health
is loaded
with
diseases,when
in
persons
to
too
much
with
those
nor
emetics,
use
cases
of
to
recourse
food
troubled
health
especiallyin
have
but
or
humours,
phlegm
in
acute
in
only
indurations,
and
when
emetics
or
and
the
those
like.
diseases
chronic
for such
the
system
in
But
should
acute
neither
be
mitted
per-
affections,more
matters
as
re-
to be
in gout, epilepsyfrom
as
dislodgedby forcible means,
the
stomach, elephantiasis,dropsy, melancholy, and the like.
of the
They are
improper in spittingsof blood, weakness
quLre
stomach,
and
suffocative
readiest
of the
complaints. The
emetics
is the
oil of privet (oleum Cyprinum), the fingers or
feathers
the throat.
some
being dipped in it and pushed down
And
dr. vijof Celtic nard taken
in honeyed water
evacuate
wards
upIn
like
of
drunk
v
powerfully.
manner
or
betony
vj dr.
in
leaves of the
honeyed water, and three green
daplmoides
obolus of elaterium
And
taken
in a
an
pounded and eaten.
draught of water, purges phlegm and bile upAvards; and fifteen
with thick honeyed water.
Of plants with
grains of stavcsacrc
bulbous
roots, those
usually eaten
if taken
raw,
and
the
boiled
[book
EMETICS.
504
roots
of narcissus
root
of
Avhen
The
Some
of
purges
whole
part
They
are
small
parts
be
to
swallowed,
oxymel
self to
as
that
one
and
downwards.
may
acrid
and
them
to
usefully.
more
fresh, and
four
or
for
oxymel
in
soak
into
cut
to be
after
times
But
and
after
feathers
some
of
for
v.alking about
compel
may
one
by insertingthe fingersor
vomit
but
three
tepid water,
drinking
dishes
Ra-
vomit
the
downwards.
and
pieces as possibleare
fasting.
the
"When
of the
swallowed
be
to
are
many
if
once
very
allowed
having
call
upwards
of
part
upper
is
aforementioned,
when
hours,
so
hours,
two
the
tahen
and
and
supper,
root
both
less than
three
or
the
it purges
is eaten
pui'ge
two
which
under
the
And
upwards.
pui'ge
vii.
one's
the
into
throat.
in
protracted and
other
is
than
them
all
when
disease
the
complaints wliich
There
gout.
being
is
pieces of
inserted
the
to
are
in
pieces they
are
mentioned,
he
the
of the
be
epilepsyand
removed.
be
to
given
forced
is
hellebore
follows
as
to
of
macerate
of
estabhshed
The
having
a
been
performed,
exercised
been
to
and
him
the
when
with
vomits
fasting,and
contents
of
the
in
after
bowels
hours
mode
two
of water
hemina
patient has
described, give it
fore
be-
allowed
for five
the
main
re-
the
accustomed
in
to
in
been
be
the
oxymel,
number
to
cut
with
the
vomit.
to
Having
has
interval
are
allowed
been
having
be
to
an
hellebore
best
like ; and
the
hellebore
finest white
patient who
after
is to
administering
ounces
of the
night they
and
diseases,
of hellebore,
preparativefor a course
having perforatedradishes with a reed,
one
emetics,
proved
administering hellebore,
of
and
perforations,
described, to
manner
from
the
di'ied roots
the
into
for
radishes
this method
has
intervals,as
at
modes
many
rather
simplest,and
the
attack
given
hope
continued
given in
and
cachexia, paralysis,
dropsy, elephantiasis,
in certain
of
precluded, because
all. It is to be
is to be
Hellebore
complaints, and
severe
remedies
stronger
as
hellebore.
of administering
Modes
the
remain,
water
and
an
after
manner
digestionhas
evacuated.
EMETICS.
X.]
SECT.
spontaneouslyor by
either
his
strength.
cut
the
suffocation
of
who
it is
AYhen
the
and
drink,
will not
if it go
lancinating pains
of water
downwards
and
occur
the
is
or
of the
to
honeyed
of
be
the
limbs.
must
give to
order
to
After
little
Antyllus
\Yhen
day
upwards
and
mouth,
the
uses
and
by
centration
con-
happen
may
AYhen
take
to
the
food
describing the
and
ment
treat-
continue, cupping-instruments
stomach,
and
ligatures
tied
of
hellel^ore
the
the
medicine
administration
of
is
required,
to
the
until
anus
more
sufficient
so
as
to
half
to
are
Then
remain.
produce vomiting.
feebly than
purging, an
when
acrid
bore
helle-
allowed
sextarius
day following we
but
means
having
in
macerate
all
by
following injection:
water
somewhat
After
the
evacuation
of
the
night, on
in the
injectit
the
entertained
are
of white
drachms
the
over
which
allowed
in
if it
bear
place
proceeds properly we
drink
a
quantity
honeyed water, in
the
superfluousparticlesof the medicine.
away
food of easy digestion. When
while, give some
apprehensions
hellebore
But
takes
manner.
moderate
wash
the
be
to
are
by strong-smelling
symptoms
give
the
suitable
if
evacuation
an
they
resuscitated
mentioned
as
applied
to
by
in
is
but
must
we
he
vomiting
sometimes
^Yhen
other
treated
hypercatharsis.
are
be
to
Any
otherwise
otherwise
thus
even
interfere
thus
ing
insert-
by
When
not
For
better.
is
like.
If
administered),and
medicine
vomit
to
supervene,
drink.
(which
been
be
need
properly,we
excessive,they
do
sleep,and
drank.
water
bath.
oil to
he
to
are
purging
to
are
like ; but
the
throat.
the
convulsions
or
has
animi
deliquium
round
be
occasioned
of the
things
oil into
on
and
hellebore
when
in
let him
vomit,
mixture
patient be compelled
let the
dipped
commences,
sions
occa-
who
least,dr. j
at
or,
those
seeds
feathers
for
having
The
when
to
ij,at most,
the
are
water.
to
dr.
juice of ptisan,of.halica,or
stronger, it is to be given in hot
hellebore, in
those
powerful action)^give to
constitution
weaker
is this
piecesresembling the
to a
downy powder it
into
reduced
its
by
mode
efficacious
most
(forwhen
corn
injections^according to
two
or
one
hellebore
of the
roots
of Indian
the
But
505
the
two
of water
boil the
we
are
It purges
medicine
suppositoryis
is
to
be
506
EMETICS.
introduced
so
occasion
to
as
honeyed
the
out
white
The
gut.
which
the
of wool
allowed
it may
purging
This
convTilsive
'
suffocation
on
have
Galen
bulb
of the
part of nut
num
are
be
safe
and
of
hyssop
with
pounded
the
carbonate
emetic.
being
a
Appendix.
He
by
remarks
that
The
rest.
vomiting.
He
honey
in the
say
that
it is
although
now
is
directs
also commends
and
the
fleshy
U.
cypri-
authorities
commends
to
the
of bastard
saffron
radishes, and
sesame,
Nitre
or
pure
im-
an
in
as
general use
given as an emetic,
Ehases
make
mention
yilbenec,which
somewhat
they
unsafe.
tickling the
in
was
See
throat
or
never
place
in
as
salt.
scribe
dethe
with
of
to
produce
along with
emetic
an
We
given
some
use
it boiled
vomica
nux
quantity of
seldom
general
give
to
us
the
small
it still holds
but
emetics, the
the
also
seed
emetics.
readilyexcites vomiting.
and stopped
promoted by motion
emeticus
Serapion
other
We
oil of sesame,
vomiting
bulbus
of the
often
was
that
says
and
medicine
ancients
I.
and
irinum
of
the
effectual
daphnoides.
a
cient
suffi-
tory.
supposi-
in Book
anagyrus,
the
oils
earth
emetic,
Avicenna
feather, smeared
thyme,
also
was
is to
occasions
drastic
Aetius
turbith, called
effectual
an
most
the
with
after
the
by
of
as
ochi'e. Avicenna
black
that
neither
more
of the
of the
Lemnian
of red
species of
as
of
leaves
of soda
The
sort
and
bound
remove
treated
emetics.
to
ijof hellebore,
or
used
of the
and
oily grain,
narcissus, and
an
been
Unguentum
effectual
dr.
the
dangerous symptom.
recommend,
Aetius
by
to
emetics
account
The
stated
decoctions
have
power
our
of
boiled
power
other
with
it in
and
effectually,
any
Oribasius
and
our
made
But
in order
anus,
wash
to
hellebore.
be
to
head
gentle
give some
to
now
in
The
order
mixed
have
we
The
the
nor
in
Avrapped round,
purges
ordinary occasions
"
of
be
method
Commentary.
CoMM.
'
be
of
out
for
injection of
suppository is
injectionof
firmly.
hang
to
quantity is
to
it,an
strained, and
The
suppositoryis
flocks
some
be
and
method
of
twice
or
says
Like the
better
once
person
vii.
discharge
given
same
purges
following is
and
the
hellebore, pounded
honey,
the
After
is to be
water
[book
need
for
the
this
when
scarcely
purpose,
continental
508
CoMM.
EMETICS.
but
robust
to
of liis
the
tbe
persons,
[book
quantity called
authorities,Antyllus, directs
shavings of
hemina
of
heated
in
to
double
be
may
lays down
the
which
vessel.
given
rules
it
is to
Oribasius
in
also
days
be
when
in
the
of
half
strained
mentions
powder.
coarse
of treatment
five drachms
for three
macerate
after
rain-water,
a
medicine
hellebore
allow
to
us
Another
mystrum.
vii.
that
He
and
the
afterwards
action
of the
cine
medi-
We
need
not
superinduces dangerous symptoms.
go over
this part minutely.
it to say that, according to cirSuffice
cumstances
he directs us
to provoke vomiting by ticklingthe
throat
with feathers
of the emetic
oils j to open
dipped in one
the
in
bowels
with
of
state
pinching him,
hellebore
in
tossinghim
or
of
in
He
garment.
mania, melancholy,
recommends
inveterate
pains of
the
hip and other joints,epilepsy,catalepsy,vertigo,chronic
other
diseases.
headache, lethargy, leprosy, and
cutaneous
He
also praises it as
lect,
a
remedy in hydrophobia. (INIed.Colviii.)
Aetius
in
sifted.
phlegm
medicine
stops.
without
When
given
bringing
he
after
given
mania
to
is to
be
persons
have
that
in
strained
taken.
a
purging
violentlybut
acts
that
in
hypercatharsis. On
half
and
The
firmer
hemina
decoction
of
are
body,
danger
infusion
of
cure
phantiasis
ele-
to
be
of
rain-water,
when
he
it
children, to
for the
heated,
habit
the
and
persons
hellebore
of cut
away
as
bile
the
it is attended
old
act
generallyelapsed before
adds
with
days
of
it
to
and
five hours
or
and
up,
constitution,and
drachms
three
but
or
suits
it is to be
infusion
the
after four
powder
He
feeble
for
which
fine
begins
soon
tion,
decoc-
pounded
or
hours, bringing
two
five hours
or
it
Five
macerate
convidsions
have
who
pieces it
generally vomited
in
infusion, in
pieces
trouble, and
phlegm,
that
in
given
into
cut
in
commences.
on
remarks,
those
four
bile and
evacuates
much
itself is
slowly,so
its operation
of
either
administered
that
be
is
the
to
hellebore
substance,
When
and
of
that
states
and
cases
the
allowed
whole
recommends
and
in
cases
of
to
of
three
and
davs
in
two
sext.
of
rain-water
after which
it is to
be
EMETICS.
X.]
SECT.
boiled
strained
having
scummed
be
given
of
habit
of
body
given
cut
into
sifted
or
and
It may
and
in
taken
pieces
readily,it
the
of the
in
dr.
sieve,when
form
of
size of
malt
of mead
The
be
also
may
the
is
nation,
determi-
it away.
Hellebore
iiss.
fine
after to wash
strong
greater
it,in
to
into
swallowed
it is
sifted
and
accustomed
cut
vonait
of still
persons
of
are
being
of
concussion, who
to
be
is to
It
it will
fortitude,and
been
have
dose
pounded
honey.
Comm.
larger particles
may
be
dose
of the
Arabians
The
the
under
the
hellebore.
white
given
in
circumstances
the
as
pillswith
of
cure
there
improperly
vir.)
in
j to dr. ij.
He
powder.
for the
that
states
if
it in
aromatics
Serapion
of
form
the
recommend
various
dr.
it at from
Herb,
medicine
this
give
same
of
dose
(De
the
Greeks.
Mesue
forms
same
and
estimate
They
forbids
it to
be
and
ever,
Haly Abbas, howhiera, colocynth,agaric,and
elephantiasisand melancholy.
is great
danger
administered.
of its
inducing
Avicenna^s
vulsions
con-
of
account
modes
of
"
fere prorsus
affcctibus
et
probe,
ut
antiquorum
Nunc
mcdicce
ex
insanabilibus
sanationes
illorum
sanabantur, atque
vidcreutur;
miracula
laus
mcdicorum
levit,qui nunc
non
sine
neque
audent,
ncque
unde
cito,
olim
insignitcr augebatur.
segrotantium damno,
dedecore, ipsius usus
apud omnes
vero
ita
atque
fere
magno
medicos
sciunt, quomodo
artis
obso-
veratrura
'
'
when
possess
pieces;
who
maximum
amount
violent
and
plain water
or
to
more
powder.
bran,
of
of
pounds
two
of
then,
large spoonful,or
not
hot water
a
draught,
duce
superinTo
those
who
contractions, or hypercatharsis.
in need
or
remain
decoction
in
spasms,
stand
third
consistence
the
the
only
the
to
boil to
and
linctus
as
Avitli
mixed
add
it,we
honey,
until
coals
the
gently upon
509
"
ANTIDOTES.
510
album
CoMM.
'
'
"
exhibendum
est."
Nonnulli
ex
vini dulcis
ad
uncias
tres."
boiling it
the
in oil.
boil
honey
to
SECT.
due
of
XI.
ON
THE
are
administered
animals
those
for
remedies
of calamus
of
dr.
ij;
The
second,
third
are
articles
three
those
are
the
the
bad
by
hedychroum,
Of
of
the
bark
of
the
food.
such
purposes,
of
mastich,
dr.
xvj ;
of
of
viij;
of
xij;
of
myrrh,
form
root
of
costus, of asarabacca, of
Indian
and
forms
which
of the
of
each,
finger with
and
; of amomum,
wine,
first
substances
dr. xxiv
cinnamon,
fine
Those
The
of marum,
dr.
dr.
of them.
venomous
the
amaracus,
ij; of
bathrum),
with
of
aromaticus,
valerian, of
ANTIDOTES.
compositions
thev are
appliedexternally,
antidotes
by the ancients.
occasioned
theriac.
the
the
theriac.
preparation
of
dr.
called
profess to
called
one
named
is meant
OF
Antidotes.
for deleterious
afi'ections
antidotes
balsam,
the
(London
consistence
when
not
diflFerent kinds
which
due
on
are
internally,
taken
three
of
of
Take
Pemberton
KINDS
work
affections
are
The
preparation of
"
fied
pound ; of claripints. After steeping
DIFFERENT
of Galen's
cure
when
the
by
sliced,one
Dr.
By
d.
There
as
and
the
hellebore
consistence."
1746.)
honey.
Preface
Some
of
honey
or
three
which
for
simple receiptfor
very
hellebore, dried
consistence
but
hellebore
giving
(Ibid.)
Dispensatory,a.
The
of
approves
four
pounds ; of water
three
little while,
a
days in the water, boil them
the
liquor,well pressed out and strained, with the
roots
then
elleborum
parant
likewise
helleboratum
honey,
the
He
of white
roots
the
of hellebore
preparation
gives
accipientes,
5iss ;
turis^3iss;hypericin5j; saccharic:;ij
;
mediatatis.
consumptionem
Cujus decocti dant
followdngis
mel
He
vii.
aromatici^ lb. y,
buUiant
The
recentioribus
iii,TO.)
Meth.
(Med.
[book
nard,
dr. xxiv
into
each,
the
flower
of
the
of
dr.
gredient
in-
aspalathus,
xylobalsam,
vj ;
of carpo-
of the
cassia,of
cassia
an
rush,
rheum,
leaf
(mala-
safiron,dr. xij;
trochisks,having
smeared
of squills. Having
covered
mix
the
opobalsam.
preparation of
trochisks
over
ANTIDOTES.
XI.]
SECT.
511
it
squillswith
tlie
of the
inner
of
moderately, and
flour
the
of
taking
tares, p. j
form
trochisks.
having triturated in like manner,
The
Having chosen
preparation of the theriac trochisks.
four or five vipers of a tawny
colour, and recently taken, cut
of the part next
four fingers^breadth
the
off their heads, and
and
tail,and
a
removed
having
dill and
pot, with
new
skins
the
moderate
entrails,boil
and
equal quantity of
them
them
in like manner,
smeared
an
with
form
opobalsam,
preparation of
The
squills,dr. Ixviij
;
of
dr. xxiv
of
dr. XV;
of the
and
the
small
cool
of
the
in the
and
bread,
triturated
fingers
your
shade.
Of
antidote.
trochisks,
dr. xxiv
cinnamon,
juice of
iu
mixed
having
balls,having
theriac
of
the
trochisks
dr.
xxiv ;
common
of
of
per,
pep-
dried
roses,
rape-seed,of IlljTianiris,of
of
germander,
water-
clean
theriac
dr. xxiv ; of
hedychroum,
into
rest
the
calamint,
costus, of
of
white
and
rush,
black
cassia, of
hypocistis,of
of
of
bitumen,
of
birthwort
lb.
of
the
then
the
ground pine, of
flower
the
of
of
of
carrot-seed, of galbanum,
nard,
of
oz.
sagapen,
of
earth,
of
of cardamom,
of sagapen,
of castor, of
wine,
covers
juice of
sweet-flag,of balsamum,
clematis,
It is to be
the
of
amomum,
centaury, of the
each, dr. ij; of Attic
species
honey,
the opium,
ij. Put into a mortar
liquorice,storax, acacia, and opoponax,
in
as
having pounded
quite full,and
of
(malabathrum),
St. John's
called
honey.
of
Lemnian
having poured
pouring in wine so
days
vj ;
flower
mastich,
anise, of fennel-seed, of
and
then
dr.
each,
of
Celtic
of opoponax,
hypocistis,
myrrh,
turpentine,
of
dr. iv ; of
of Falernian
leaf
of
chalcitis,
each,
of
germander,
Indian
valerian, of
of
of
the
dittany,of
spignel,of gentian,
Pontic
of
frankincense,
of
bishop'sweed,
stone-parsley,of cassidony, of
pepper,
spikenard,
poley,of storax,
of roasted
long
of male
sweet
of
of
horehound,
to
cover
the
laid up
taken
and
honey pound
some
them,
in vessels
off" every
for
macerate
others, unite
them,
of silver
day.
In
dissolve
or
case
and
three
scum
glass,not
of need
ANTIDOTES.
512
used
be
it may
those
who
for persons
in
a
cyathi of
three
dangerous
size of
the
quantity of it,to
bitten
from
like manner,
obscure
some
vii.
animals,
venomous
seven
drunk
filbert,
being
In
wine.
state
by
taken
have
[book
twice
day,
who
when
cause,
years,
those
to
and
in
are
the
disorder
in the
case
a
tenth
is to be
side,it
but
all other
twentieth
the
to
honey
in
But
day.
feverish, with
if
Egyptian
bean.
morning
and
In
In
in the
taken
It
morning,
and
coldness,
if
of
vomiting
of
of
loss
rue
voice,
retained
of the
a
under
spleen
of
squills.
size of
to the
oxymel
is
given
morning
to
the
and
thus
also used
Mix
as
it at
of
a
like
that
Theriac
and
or
then
common
air
Many,
to
cochleare
water
salts.
use
In
decoction
of
the
size
of
honey
it when
the
upon
and
of
it
the
they
are
oxymel, or
given with
is
it
of
sumach,
lently
excel-
answers
opobalsam, with
with
of
sake
Grecian
two
the
diseases
if
of
little anoint
for
In
or
dysentericcases
of vision
if
dead,
wine, being
but
half
antidote, and
after
dentifrice.
they
or
and
honey,
manner
the
the
attack.
For
;
be
in hot
double
sweet
or
the
dimness
For
ij of
moon
with
oxycrate
and
the
melt.
to
bean.
with
amount,
oz.
new
digestion,with
In
Egyptian
an
same
honey,
cyathus
is to
boiled.
nephriticcomplaints,it
For
evening.
cyathus
take
state, with
been
if
honeyed water,
alone, and
allowed
given
rigors,
foetus when
dittany has
an
comfrey.
removes
the
with
and
bean
Egyptian bean,
before
nut
given with
is
be
of
drank
expels
and
tongue
liver,it
or
scirrhous
vinegar
one
the
is to
or
of
extent
affections,it
and
and
wine
cseliac
an
the
chest
decoction
when
wine
the
Egyptian
an
appetite,and
it is drunk
from
in the
bile
or
quantity of tragacanth in
of
size of
Egyptian
an
in which
wine,
sweet
case
size of
the
to
or
intense
an
promotes menstruation,
drunk
in
chronic,
the
to
the
to
haemoptysis, it
size
the
to
; or,
excites
It
water.
of
cases
used
fever, with
hydromel,
flatulence,tormina,
of
cases
all
evening,
recent, in oxycrate
if free from
night,
at
be
coughs, pains of
For
year.
given
is to
affections,it
it.
It is
prophylaxis,
bean,
cyathi of
after
water.
is bad.
Take
putting into a
salt, pound
four
mortar
into
female
one
thick
Italian
modius
of ammoniac
gen-
ANTIDOTES.
XI.]
SECT.
tian^ lb.
iss
roimcl
of
.513
lb. iss
birth wort,
of
the
hair
of
the
centaury,
its lid
perforationsin
may
At
indicate
to
first much
lb.
the
you
then
infected
with
has
vapour
the
take
roasted.
exhalation
Then
allowed
it to
them
pound
the
you
you
having
for
cool
and
carefully,
it
fine
that
know
the
they
from
pot
the
night,take out
along with these
sift them
is
properly
are
and
day
which
smoke,
this
vipers. When
flame issuingthrough
the
a
removed
whole
of this
any
see
may
that
escape,
operation of roasting.
issuing,fuliginousand very
You
actingupon the animals.
from
may
to
vapour
of the
inhale
lest you
which
holes, by
seen
the fire is
care
ceased,
the
progress
will be
smoke
turbid, indicatingthat
must
allow
to
fire,and
the
ashes,
mixtures
each,
of wild rue,
seed
iv ; of
oz.
amomum,
of Cretan
of grapes,
of
of the shoots
of
the
seed
of horminum
marjoram,
of the shoots
animals,
the
but
mixed
theriac,with
the
those
trochisks
things wdiicli
trochisks
from
they
four
burnt
are
have
agree
this
related
as
along
in them
just such
added
conjectured to
vipers. And
truly in
as
them,
may
the
be laid
contents
they
way
with
proportion
the
with
under
turned
of
of
out
excellent.
The
myrrh,
III.
Mithridatic
of
antidote
ginger,of cinnamon,
from
of
Of
scinks.
each,
dr.
of
troglodytic
spikenard,of
33
ANTIDOTES.
nl4
frankincense,
of
[book
of
shepherd'spouch,
of
opobalsam,
vii.
schoenanth,
of white
cvphi, of bdellium,
of
balsam,
carrot-seed,of
of
germander,
of water
pepper,
of Celtic
of stone-
of gum,
nard,
carpo-
seeds
of fennel, of
of the
parsley, of opium, of cardamom,
gentian, of rose-leaves,of each, dr. viij; of dittany,of anise, of
sweet
spignel,
flag,of valerian, of each, dr. iij; of Athamantic
of
the
belly of
dr. iss
of wine
acacia, of
of
each,
manner
cases
bitten
the
by
honey,
Galen
the
viper, for
wort,
it in
s.
q.
that
says,
with
theriac,
the
as
been
have
and
theriac.
the
as
same
of St. John's
Prepare
it applies to
of
exception
those
the
theriac
blood
being
there
like
the
who
is
more
efficacious.
all
against
and
from differentkinds
antidote
Tlie
long
dittany, of each,
Cretan
of the
opobalsam,
seed
of
blood
the
gentian
each,
the
seed
each,
dr.
viij;
dr.
vj ;
cassidony, dr.
of
of
dr.
gr.
xx
the
wild
rape,
spignel,dr.
of
of
fennel,
of
duck,
of
male
the
blood
of
of
each,
iij;
of
of
frankincense,
of
dr.
dr.
of
ij;
of
q.
ammoniac
of
perfume,
agaric,dr.
ij;
of
car-
s.
white
acrid
most
amomum,
ij; of water
mander,
gerof
of
nard,
myrrh,
poley,
ij;
honey,
valerian, of
of
dr.
of
goose,
iv; of cinnamon,
the
of
schoenanth,
asarabacca,
Of
seed
the
white
vinegar, sextar. j;
of water,
of the
The
dried
cover
of
of the
; of boiled
Simple oxymel.
mina
blood
of
ij;
blood
of
stone-parsley,
dr. iij
of Athamantic
;
pobalsam,
of
dried
cassia,dr. iij;
; of
dr.
rue,
the
the
trefoil,of
of
of
di'ied roses,
of
of
root,
of
kid,
duck,
female
dill,of
of
Ethiopian cumin,
wild
of
flag,of
sAveet
remedy
Of
deadly poisons.
costus, of
of
pepper,
of
anise,
and
animals
venomous
of
sextar.
of
xij.
sextar.
good ^-inegar,
it up,
after which
the
strained
of
squillsto
and
the
allow
squillis
vinegar
sextar.
to
to
laid up
vj ;
in
remain
be
them
the
vessel.
add
the
thrown
Some
same
into
for
sun
expressed and
in
others
Put
add
vessel,
sixtydays ;
away,
one
quantity of
and
mina
green
ANTIDOTES.
516
and
The
of storax, of
saffron,of opium,
despumated honev,
to
size of
of
long
heads
after
from
the
the
of poppy
for
fire,and
acquired
into
put
the
from
antidote
as
until
it
along
with
with
thorax,
which
in
antidote
of
dr. iv ; boil
the
the
water.
simple
j;
to
of
some
of water
Boil
or
a
melilot
and
lohock
from
pound
until but
of
and
the
third
of
case
the
is
poppy-
those
which,
cases
production
boil
and
honey
of
sleep,
the
parts
of
Take
the
boiled, according
of
wine,
sweet
to
two
juice of hypocistis,
the
quinces is
efficacious
Kquorice
which
That
consistence.
more
take
j of
ha\nng squeezed
of
in
the
saffron,of
proper
an
liquoriceinoz.
; and
been
have
not
there
Boil
poppy-heads.
from
It becomes
linctus
consumptions.
heminae
lb.
stomach.
poppy-heads
of
it
and
the
when
sextarius
Give
but
dissolved
are
in
use
honey.
ounce
rated,
mace-
chest.
and
honey, poppy-heads,
the
and
consistence,
proportion, sext= j ;
honey,
from
they
and
dissolved
half
poppy-heads
prepared
each,
gathered, and
or
heminse
each,
of
honey,
and
above-mentioned
of
of
myrrh,
green,
are
until
the
the
consistence.
compound
The
and
mitigation of pain
of
Having
ten
fever,
upon
decoction
the
to
acquire
the
head
above,
require purgative
rob.
vessel,and
spring-wateruntil
or
it out, add
to
Of
iij;
moderate
from poppy-heads
mentioned
rain-water
the
poirers.
galbanum,
they
day, boil
one
have
they
defluxion
water
of the
well-boiled
with
after
day
watchfulness, accompanied
within
that
bean.
liquonce
and
heads,
of
pepper,
Mix
dr.
each,
of
The
of
opium,
antidote
in
thin
dr. iv ;
as
same
similar
of
peppers
the
The
ounce
and
white
of
iij;
tiro
castor, of
of
of
costus,
watery
from
antidote
cardamom,
give
the
dose
of
each,
of costus, of
myrrh,
The
s.
q.
Ori-
of Philo.
The
dr.
excellent
an
pleuriticantidote,from
spikenard, of araomum,
of
Of
antidote
It is
chick-pea.
and
anodyne
Athanasian
basius.
of
vii.
soporificmedicine.
and
anodyne
of
size
children, the
to
[book
be
more
if
is
ful
gratewith
along
also boiled
in
horehonnd, principallyfor
hair
remain
of horehound
:
then
throw
in
six
away
SECT.
XI.]
the
herb,
boil
ANTIDOTES.
and
water
of
consistence
the
to
the
adcliug to
517
an
(spoonful),
A
hairy parts of
pennyroyal, of liquorice,
the
horehound,
the
into
dry things
strained
the
of
The
Avater, add
of
toasted
from
tares,
lohock
tares,
iv
oz.
of
honey,
of
of
Then
part.
ij,and
lb.
figs in
the
boil
having
the
to
sistence
con-
ij;
bitter
of
honey,
iv
oz.
toasted
of
iris,oz.
j, or
gith,
of
ij;
pine-nuts, oz.
of
iv:
of
ss
iris,oz.
of
ij;
bulbi,
of
xviij;
scr.
the
s.
q.
Illyrian
of the
of
ij;
oz.
nettle-seed,oz.
ij;
oz.
of
sextar.
Of
ij;
of
iv
oz.
Dodecatheon.
fenugreek,
almonds,
rice,
liquoof
iv;
oz.
pennyroyal,
scr.
vj ; of
pepper,
s.
q.
The
third
hyssop,
hyssop, oz.
linseed,
viij;
Of
iv ; of
oz.
called
ij;
oz.
toasted
to
honey,
tares.
pine-nuts,oz.
The
of
with
macerate
the
bruise
iij;
of
iij;
figs,oz
honey.
lohock
flour
boil
and
iijof water,
sextar.
scr.
Of
horehound.
from
lohock
compound
antidote
Of
Sotira.
xxxix
spikenard, scr.
of
myrrh,
chroum,
xviij;
Tlie
of
saffron,
of
xviij;
honey, q. s.
scr.
of
cough
each,
medicine
ij;
oz.
saffron,of
a
of
xxvij ;
white
of
scr.
costns,
from
of
storax,
pepper,
Of
storax.
of
of
each,
of
honey,
empyema
and
j;
oz.
cassia,
iss
oz.
sext.
scr.
of
j ; give
spoonful.
The
medicine
fluxions.
oil
of
Of
of
Philoxenus
for
turpentine,dr. xxviij;
of
saffron,dr.
of
vj ; of cardamom,
xij; of galbanum, dr. xvj ;
of
hcmina.
of
asarabacca,
amomum,
spikenard,
of each
of
xviij;
scr.
myrrh,
honey, a
an
Egyptian
The
amomum,
given
bulbi,
bitter
in water
xvj ;
to
dr.
almonds,
drink
to
de-
of
the
of
vj ;
Ixxx
the
size
bean.
much-used
scr.
the
dr.
It is
dr.
nard,
chronic
antidote
vj ;
of
of
Esdra
saffron,scr.
it is very
xviij;
of the
desiccative.
seed
Of
of carrot,
ANTIDOTES.
518
of tlie seed
iss ;
scr.
schoenanthj
iiiss ;
scr.
scr.
pellitory,
scr.
"\djss
;
scr.
vijss;
the
of
the
iss
scr.
leaves
dried
it were,
rhubarb,
of
of
Celtic
nard,
each,
scr.
belly of
of pepper,
of
The
scr.
wine,
of
ginger, oz.
The
anorexia
bile
and
ss;
being
strained
a
Avill
the
boil
of
wood,
southern-
asarabacca,
earth, scr.
ix ; of
scr.
of
iss ;
vj;
opo-
honey,
oz.
quinces.
sextarii
to
j.
j.
of
wine,
old
of
of pepper,
them,
wine,
of
then
anise, of
also
Some
j.
of the
add,
of
vinegar.
use
with
cold.
But,
pepper
and
the
from
Some
"When
they
add,
of
and
oz.
Six
also
of
add
mixed, they
of
of
are
of
pounds
soft.
lb.
reed
they
iij;
when
ginger.
honey,
then
Galen
says,
become
piece
pepper,
he
quinces.
until
with
hand
of
consistence.
proper
triturated,some
bruised
pounds
in wine
the
Three
the
tablet
boiled
oz.
of
of
ij;
Of
it without
stain
mastich,
xxvss
anise,
myrrh,
juice of
seseli,scr.
to
affected
stone-parsley,oz.
of
leaf, scr.
ix ; of storax,
three
fire, stirring
not
of the
of
ij:
oz.
slow
things
in
ij;
sext.
and
scr.
vj ;
of costus, of
the
of
rose
iss ; of
iss ; of Cimolian
flesh of
dyspepsia.
are
the
of
others, instead
it for those
quinces
whole
Indian
triturated, oz.
preparation of
at
of
herb
the
from
and
clean
boil
iij;
of the
is added
prevails,prepare
The
basil,scr.
?), scr.
floAver
scr.
of
damom,
car-
iij;
hedychroum,
of
buckthorn,
iij;
of
iij;
which
seed
spignel,scr.
when
each,
pepper,
prepares
scr.
boiled
there
honey,
of white
of
of the
the
from
medicine
of fine
xv
spikenard,
it, of each,
of
rose
of
s.
are
and
pounded,
for
q.
of
juice
the
of
gentian, scr. vj ;
castor, scr.
xij; of
quinces
lovage,
; of
xv
medicine
clean
of
(bishop'sweed
of
xxviij;
vj ;
cormorant,
scr.
sison
balsam,
ivss ;
scr.
of the
of
vj ;
the
dill,scr.
flower-cupfrom
of the
vj ;
of
scr.
and
euphorbium,
scr.
of
xiijss
;
gr.
iss
scr.
roses,
tragacanth, scr.
of
iss ; of
cassia,scr.
iij;
scr.
henbane,
the
scr.
citron, scr.
iij;
scr.
and
of
iij;
of
of rue,
rose-bay emerges),
of Pontic
of
seeds
(itis,as
nerium
seeds
of the
scr.
cinnamon,
vii.
of
iij;
of
iij;
fennel, scr.
of
ivss ; of
scr.
hiiq)ocistis,
of
of
[book
add
Then
viij,and
until
the
anise,
oz.
ginger,
formed
oz.
the
lowing
fol-
iij;
j,
into
ANTIDOTES.
XI.]
SECT.
half
of
cukes
and
each,
ounce
au
519
composed
are
Avith
along
bay-leaves.
medicine
Aiiother
but
boiled
be
in
dissolved.
lb.
honey,
of
sext.
each,
cloves, oz.
j.
to
long
things
the
consistence
of
spikenard,
oz.
iss ; of
pounded
and
rately
mode-
are
Of
three yeijpers.
dr.
-vij
;
of
them
take
broth,
off,and
broth.
the
pieces of quinces to
the
each,
parsley,of anise,
stone
of
all these
honey,
of
common,
white,
and
s.
q.
white
Of
Oribasius.
Another, of
hen
of
of
of
viij;
oz.
ginger, oz.
from
pepper,
of
it,add
cooled
TJie antidote
of
of pepper,
iij;
boiled
having
viij;
oz.
bruised,
jneces
clean
Of
entire.
the
quinces, having
from
black
of
ij;
oz.
pepper,
of
long
Of
Another.
oz.
j;
the
of
xxj, or q.
thyme, oz. j.
s.
have
and
diosjjolites. Of
The
and
The
toasted, oz.
from
medicine
of pepper,
j;
vinegar, heminse
macerate
boiled
But
to
with
be boiled
the
to
pepper,
morning
of
iij;
of
corymbi
macerated
been
ginger, of each,
Mix
with
in
ij;
oz.
honey.
Of
of
jj
oz.
those
flesh
the
the
honey,
calamint.
of
of
of
lovage,
slow
of
iv ; of
oz.
digestion.
citron, lb. j ;
of
Of
hyssop,
there
wliite
has
which
cumin,
pepper,
(or double
j
oz.
of
mixed
also
cinnamon
oz.
rue,
green
parsley,of
of stone-
white
of
iij;
oz.
pepper,
of
oz.
of
common
long, oz. j ;
quantity
water
of
pepper,
and
vinegar is mixed
the
consistence
is to
of
at
be
added
each,
bedtime.
oz.
of
honey,
of
honey.
to
it,of
ij.
The
sext.
and
j;
then
it is to
it
tence,
acquiresconsisasarabacca, of spignel,of
^Yhen
dose
is
spoonful
in
the
The
dr.
dr.
each,
The
dr.
vj :
also, of
in hvdromel.
Celtic
of
the
An
vinegar,
first boiled
being
honey,
and
added,
is
dr.
other
excellent
of
of
j;
of
vinegar
after
boiling
bear,
of
of
of
of
of
mastich,
dr.
of
j;
The
away,
then
of
consistence
the
of
iss.
sext.
sprinkled in powder.
composition from the liver of a wolf.
things
mustard,
madder,
iris,of each,
is thrown
to
Indian
of
pepper,
honey,
the
in
iv
aloes, oz.
amomum,
iss
sext.
cassia^of
of
tions
complaints, colics,affec-
are
ceterach, of
the
root
of
Of
of
panax,
gentian,
gall of
of the
of
of cinnamon,
and
fennel, lb. j ;
of
root
ginger, of each,
of
spignel,di*. j ;
honey
of the
bark
the
nard,
fennel
cassia, of
of costus, of
ij;
vii.
xylobalsam, of
of
schcEnantli
add
dr.
Give
vj.
of
j;
the
some
leaf,oz.
of
each,
aloes, dr.
Of
Galen.
of
piera
mastich,
of
[book
ANTIDOTES.
520
rubrica,
white
pepper,
Avith well-boiled
Mis
parts.
boiled
filbert,with
issj
oz.
of
saffron, of
is the
size of
honey.
anacardia,
leaf, of spikenard, of
Indian
cassia,of
Of
anacardia.
ivith
Theodoretus
antidote
The
and
wine
dose
The
honey.
of
of
iij;
aloes,oz.
iris,of each,
rian
or
iss
oz.
of
iss ;
oz.
of
s.
q.
The
without
Theodoretus
Of
anacardia.
aloes,
di\ Ix
of
each,
chest.
is dr.
dose
The
of
dr. iv
of
honey,
ij,with
cyphoidesfor
Of
calamus,
cinnamon,
the
dr.
three
q.
honeyed
of
oboli
add
grape,
bdellium,
:
of
two
anacardia.
water.
hepatic affectionsand
flesh of dried
ij;
here
Some
s.
nard,
dr.
dr.
xxv
complaints
;
iiss ; of
three
oboli
the
in
of safi'ron,dr.
cassia,dr.
;
of
sweet
iss
j;
of
rush,
dr.
of
ij;
of
bdelHum,
of
of
of
;
oboH
dr.
iv ; of
each, dr.
honey,
of
j;
dr.
of the
of
scrapings
xvj ;
Of
saffron,of cinnamoDi,
q.
each,
s.
dr.
ij;
cassia,of nard,
iij;
of
of
the
x\'j;
wine,
of
calamus,
dr.
each,
turpentine,
dr. iv
dr.
of
myrrh,
of
schoenanth,
of
bitumen,
each,
turpentine,
cyphoides, of Alexander.
Another
of
dr. iv ; of
myrrh,
aspalathus,twelve
of
521
ANTIDOTES.
XI.]
SECT.
of dried
flesh
grapes,
The
each,
Of
Zopyriiis.
j;
of
iv ;
dr.
dr.
schoenanth,
dr.
of
Paonian
The
of
j;
of
j;
of
honey, q.
of Indian
TJie
dr.
white
of
ij;
"saij
; of myrrh,
iss;
oz.
pepper,
of costus,
j;
oz.
of
s.
leaf,of costus,
of dodder
xiij;
dr. \g ; of
styrax calamite,
leaf,
Of
T/ie
scr.
Indian
dr.
frankincense,
saffron, of each,
of
amomum,
spikenard, di*. vj ; of
dr. vj ; and
of common,
dr. iss j of
of
s.
q.
the
Of
of
iij;
honey,
saffron, of cassia, of
of
v;
pepper,
antidote.
frankincense,
oz.
dr.
cinnamon,
ij; of white
of costus, dr.
dr.
myrrh,
of
ij;
scr.
thyme,
j;
of Pontic
bark
of
the
of
spikenard,
"viij
; of mastich,
agaric,scr.
dr. iv
the
Of
splenic oxymel.
of
aloes, oz.
rhubarb,
of
of capers,
root
j.
scr.
flower
flag, of
the
the
of
fruit
of
tamarisk,
of
of cyperus,
frankincense
of
heath,
leaves
the
anise, of cumin,
of
tree, of
each,
willow,
squiUs,
of
j;
oz.
the
of
of
each,
fennel, of
of
the
ij;
of
leaves
parsley,of
of
root
sweet-
of
\dnegar,
ammoniac
sextar.
iij; of honey, sext.
perfume, oz. iij.
Prepare like that from squiUs. Give two spoonfuls.
An
coynplaints. Of saxifrage,of betoxymel for calculous
tony, of couch-grass,of maiden-hair, of spikenard,of carpesium,
oz.
iij; of
of
asarabacca,
parsley,of
iris,of
oz.
ij;
seed
of rue,
of
each,
of
j;
oz.
each,
oz.
of Macedonian
ss
of green
stone-
fennel, of
baked
of
parsnip,oz.
The
the
of eryngo,
lithontripticposca.
parsley-seed,of
toasted,
lb.
j;
dried
of
mint,
Of
of
pennyroyal,
each,
oz.
j;
of
of
mastich,
common
coriander-sccd,of spikenard,
of
of
salt
anise,
of
522
ANTIDOTES.
of
bishop^sweed,
oz.
pepper,
of
^j ;
Qz.
each;
of
(or
ss,
common
bettony, oz.
for
vinegar
days.
At
time
the
chick-peas,and
and
of
for
let the
xij of
scr.
mixed
the
the
the
made
sake
is
and
oz.
; of
ss
The
it in the
honey,
begins
grape
goat, and
with
calculi
mix,
of amomum,
mvrrh,
two
the
without
ripen,
dried
of
spiguel,of
seed
of
of
iij;
hot
filbert
or
The
or
in
of
of
of
each,
from
stones
within
goat's
dr.
pepper,
of
vinegar
bath.
the
Some
with
herbs;
saxifrage,of
of stone-
j;
oz.
seed
wine,
sext.
of wild
rue,
xvj.
biick-goat. When
of
Cretan
leaf,of each,
the
full-gi-ownbuck-
give to
sun,
it with
of
the
blood
it in the
cucumber,
aflected
persons
Some
must.
iij;
oz.
cicada.
blood
the
oz.
of
of
and
also
others
or
of
of
ss;
of
of
antidote
from
dr.
each,
thorn,
wings,
and
root
root
gromwell.
Of
the
grapes
white
of
of maidenhair,
water-parsnip,of
polypody, of each,
dose
of
vj ;
scr.
feet, oz.
The
j;
of
described,
as
the
spikenard, of valerian, of
couch-grass,of
of the
of the
marsh-mallows,
of the
cinquefoil,or
of
gromwell, of
bishop^sweed, of
saxifrage,of
vj ; of boiled honey, q. s.
hippocras, or the decoction
sinon,
Of
common
Christ^s
dried,
head,
j;
oz.
sponges,
the
brambles,
cicadse,without
grass,
the
the
of the
take
of
seseli,of each,
fasil,of lyncurium,
dr.
blood
spoonfuls of
garden
then-
root
iss; of
oz.
of
the
the
of Indian
garfish burned,
seed
maiden-hair,
iv.
scr.
The
forty
of black
of the afore-mentioned
j ; of Ascolonitic
from
having
for
less efficacious.
no
sext.
to
are
mixed
things, in powder
decoction
leaf,of each,
medicine
all
be
sun
of
When
them
parsley,of
gromwell,
of temperament,
patient drink
the
of
vii.
of white
decoction
asparagus,
afore-mentioned
with
medicine
of
iv
in the
exposed
using, ha^^ng
root
fine, let
very
days, and
of the
ij,and
oxycrate
and
of
parsley,add,
hemin.
give
triturated
thi-ee
leaf,scr.
oz.
-sg; of fine
of Indian
vj ;
scr.
[book
of
iv;
is the
caltrops,or
of asparagus,
dried
white
size of
of saxifrage,
of couch-
or
of fullers-herb.
gromwell,
pepper,
Of
white
of
betony,
of
equal parts.
and
of black
[book
ANTIDOTES.
524
yii.
oz.
of
it is to
and
for fifteen
of
be
days
365
The
August.
from
swine, and
given
legumes,
from
is to bathe
He
on
from
and
chyme,
The
antidote
podagric
of
costus, of germander,
St. John's
of
oz.
The
The
of
of black
of the
and
The
round,
ischiatic
birthwort,
oz.
Of
of
each,
vij;
oz.
of
of
gentian,
habit
rheum
of
long birthwort,
that
as
Of
of corallium.
leaf, of
Indian
ss
; of
To
be
oz.
oz.
j;
oz.
of
the
blue
cloves,
spikenard,
in
used
vj ;
of
like
ansivering
ix ; of
manner.
also
centauiy,
of
wort, of
v)ith
viij;
oz.
St. John's
ground
of
gentian,
of
honey, dr.
v.
oz.
v.
Some
The
the
add
dose
is
iij; of
oz.
of
mp-rh,
long birthwort,
of the
ingredientsfor
seven
pine, of agaric,of
of
of
wort,
oz.
iv; of spignel,oz. iij;
stone-parsley,
valerian, oz. j ; of Attic honey, two heminse.
composition from
St. John's
of
pimpernel, of each,
each,
of Proclus,
germander,
leaf,of
or
of pseony,
ij.
drier
pimpernel ha^aug
each, oz.
oz.
kind.
foot
on
all
of Macedonian
agaric,oz. ij;
The
of
of
atactos.
of
the
thick
of any
of
of
iij;
same
the
of the root
Of
disease.
of
called
antidote
p)odagric
it is the
of
of
oz.
of
troglodyticmyrrh,
hepatic aloes,oz. v;
mallow,
germander,
pepper,
barbarum,
of rheum
vervain
mastich,
of
gentian,
and
white
of
each,
end
furnish
are
Indian
mallow,
flower, of madder,
aloes,
Avho
ij;
whole
; from
either
exercise
of Agapetiis. Of
oz.
the
fishes, as
wine
much
of
whole
flesh,particularly
testacea
diet.
remedy,
vervain
from
less restricted
using
of
mode
podagric
spignel,of
from
Those
pffiony, of
wort, of
from
things whicli
take
and
each,
valerian, of spignel,of
iv.
and
the
the
to
rupted
inter-
the
and
saffron,of spikenard,
of
barbarum,
all
vehicle.
injured by
been
not
in
or
wine,
day,
every
horseback,
have
black
June
then
during
venery,
pompions
from
in short
and
September
until
up
of
24th
done
pickle,sauce,
and
lettuces
boiled
from
the
abstain
patient must
that of
be
It is to
completed.
the
and
this is to be
and
days ;
of
month
fiftydays, and
regularlyfor
taken
be
of the
24th
the
is about
equinox, which
same
j;
of
jnirjjoses.
of centaury,
germander,
oz.
likewise,of stone-parsley,oz.
dr. j.
vj ;
j;
ANTIDOTES.
XI.]
SECT.
Celsus
Commentary.
"Antidota
stimulant
wine,
work
used
'
view
of
simplifying or
Mesne
what
antidotes
it would
be
Of
he
mor-
and
honey
substitutes
used
shall pass
by
called
devotes
theriac
treatises
of
abridgment
an
ridates, king
condemned
of
for
the
to
hence
deleterious
substances.
the emperor
which
that
was
brated
cele-
so
selves
our-
of it.
account
author's
he
most
every
Galen
of the
brated
cele-
of
account
mentions
that
it is
Mith-
esteemed
formed
otherwise
of ]Mitliridates.
it
the
as
composition
general
Andromachus,
his famous
altered
The
upon
thorough knowledge of
venomous
reptileand
constructed
From
Nero,
of
think
we
consideration
Galen
long
Avas
vipers,and
in the theriac
number
De
Our
almost
which
the flesh of
Theriac,
further
his.
his name,
physicianto
work,
Pontus,
antidotes
in his
of
^
medicine,
malefactors, acquired
proper
bearing
the
antidotes.
on
formulce
Serapion describes
prolixity.(Tract, vii.) But
vipers,besides
from
of it in his work
articles
give some
to
upon
the
upon
any
of ancient
records
instances,
Greeks.
like
exception of
distinct
two
merely
attempt
all the
the
in the
such
in many
considerable
the
by
copied from
chapter are
of antidotes
fullv
these, and
idle to
with
some
the
dote
antichief
theriac,having
of the
prescriptionfor
dients
ingreit
Avas
translated
171
alterations,either with
various
these
added
with
author,
our
improving
also treats
Arabic
of in this
treated
Antidotis,'but
De
wherein
Electariis,'
the
vel per
venena,
mixed
medicines,
libertyto introduce
the
Galen.
Ave
doloribus
partium
into
verse
'
'
vel in vis-
deciderunt,
adversus
sunt
aromatic
and
of the antidotes
Galenas
the
Comm.
(v,23.)
Most
has
cibos, aut
gives prescriptionsfor
of
alto
ex
interiorumque
desideranda
autem
A'el per
sus,
ubi
ictus,vel
vel per
laterura, faucium,
maxima
of antidotes
gravisismiscasibus
cerum,
tlie nature
defines
thus
sed
raro,
corporibus
525
'
CoMM.
'
'
'
526
ANTIDOTES.
of
into
entered
far the
in perceiving that by
difficulty
stimulants, which,
hot, volatile
are
views
of
the
vipers,from
which,
volatile
salt and
remarks,
directs
vipers,Galen
of four
and
the
boil them
the
flesh,when
trochisks, with
with
especiallyas
an
of
diseases
It derives
remedy
the
antidote
its name,
of
to
he
such
formed
not
poisons,
as
either
says,
of this multifarious
sufficiently
it,
rate
invete-
remedy
leprosy and elephantiasis.
its being used
from
as
a
a
or
(Qripia),
because
into
the
repeat
his
in
for
animals
venomous
time
confidence
great
and
into
occupy
is
account
expresses
skin, such
stings of
for the
flesh
the
separated from
and
need
author^s
our
Galen
accurate.
We
tent
ex-
their entrails
out
out
Charras,
tail to the
be
taken
the
preparing the
other
composition, as
ample
be
bread.
of
In
take
to
no
added
and
backbone
the
latter is to
the
then
and
were
It was,
author, Moses
head
no
ancient
Book,
Andromachus
oflF the
mark
re-
of them
the
Fifth
the
procured.
are
cut
until
crumb
detailingall
and
oil
breadth,
fingers^
fat, and
in
us
modern
as
to
us
greater number
to
to
have
can
agreeably
that
intention
same
one
frigidityof poisons.
the
counteract
to
doubt, with
flesh of
explained by
practice, as
supposed
it,it is difficult
of
composition
the
one
any
vii.
barks,
liquirl
juices,
juices,
inspissated
Of the vegetable substances
fleshes.
[book
composition of it.
The
authorities
Greek
directions
for
which
Rheum
forming
this celebrated
make
they
barbarum
subsequent
in
it
of the
instead
Rha
preservative from
it very
treatise
its action
the
as
He
in
and
all
therefore
predecessors,he
poisons, but
Actuarius, who
as
describes
the
theriac
of Galen.
those
medicine
system
administered
nature.
with
to
The
in the
appears
his
antidote
an
in accordance
of
as
tions
altera-
any
important.
Ponticum
diseases.
pestilential
accurately,
pronounces
Averrhoes's
worth
only
not
very
Like
medicine, and
not
are
Galen
to
to
He
its power
hence
he
cases
of
condemns
are
very
in
is
interesting
whole
the
upon
to
seems
have
rousing the
properly
the
use
of
it in
much
referred
vital heat
forbids
inflammatory
an
and
and
it to
be
bilious
pleurisyun-
ANTIDOTES.
XI.]
SECT.
less when
to
be
in
given
wished
to
dead.
is dull
pain
the
of
the
According
arrived
sums
Haly Abbas
Avith statingthat it
(Pract.
as
white
be
2d.
of
the
that
the
is
be
as
opium,
depended
to
and
Moses
Hence
which
he
is
the
pels
ex-
it to
pronounces
attack
human
good
or
the
end
uses
composed
of
much
body.
then
be
theriac
unhurt
we
know
that
from
for the
heat
of cold
lientery,morbus
the
particularly
theriac,
"
'
the
Treacle
beiuff
ought
be
to
of all those
languishing,especially,
among
against all
and
such
enumerates
diseases,and
convulsions, and
palsies,
epilepsies,
stomach
it is not
result.
century, thus
is feeble and
sure
Royal Pharmacopoeia
of Andromachus
cure
proper
are
the
in the
the
is
cock, allow
give it a
administer
judged of
published The
of the
it
poisonous substance,
'
It is proper
and
and
seventeenth
the natural
head.
Give
effect
that
wild
then
we
drachm
the
know
a
whether
cathartic,such
or
we
escape
if he die
of the
esteemed
the rest, of
dog,
may
fowl
but
3d.
upon.
cock
taken,
reptile,and
the
of
if it counteract
and
been
trying
amount
directs,having got
If
is
of
emetic
powerful
has
Charras, who
medicinal
weaknesses
intestines;againstthe
cholera,and
all sort
want
of
of
tention
re-
diarrhoea,dysentery,
of colics ;
against
against
against the worms;
all sorts of poison,the pestilence,
smallpox,the measles, and all
epidemic diseases ; against the bitingof mad dogs and all sorts
of
'
not
respiration,and
of it to the
venomous
of which
powers
agues,
'
'
humidity, strengthensthe
food
scammony,
theriac.
medicine
to
the
Comm.
following methods
Galen
As
dose
where
diseases
that
stung by
very
not
brain.
taken
or
medicine
it to be
about
ought
composition has
years
natural
1st. Give
has
hellebore
genuine.
the
is four
of
the
the
good
who
person
the
the
organs
describes
theriac
to
it
says,
4.)
Serapion
of
dries
the
the
account,
the medicinal
up
from
superfluities
remedy for all the
the
his
to
it
perfection,when
until after forty years.
viscera, cleanses
He
difficult
at
powers
be
chronic.
unless when
it
parturition,
the
foetus
expulsivefaculty,or when
cases
rouse
and
527
animals
venomous
in children
sort
quartan
of other
diseases.
(P. i, c. 20.)
TROCHISKS.
528
This
CoMM.
famous
medicine
[book
expelled from
was
tlie 'British
vii.
Phar-
'
'
macopoeia
'
about
the
middle
last
the
When
century.
the
Heberdeu,
Dr.
proposed by
rejectionwas
of
its
di^dded
College
found
for
13 votes
to be
question, and there were
-virtues had
retaining,and 14 for rejectingit. Its medicinal
been
preAiouslyquestioned by Capivaccius, Triucavallius,and
upon
the
Julius
Alexandrinus.
Medicamentarius'
by
the
of Paris
in the
is contained
day.
understand, is much
we
physiciansin Constantinople.
Greek
theriac
and,
Although
Greek
it still retains
of but
machi," it consists
of
name
number
small
very
for
of the present
Theriaca
"
used
formula
Pharmacopoeia
the
'Codex
of
Andro-
ingredients
in
purifythe
of blood
mass
and
vicious
some
virtues
of
est
terms
eximiam
absolute
Galeni
medico
tribus
venena
assumpta
pulvere
viperinas
etiam
tainted
with
himself
the
in the
serpentinas adversus
ac
vim
obtinere
adeo
liquet
tantum
non
notum
quotidiana experientia.
ex
ex
Sic
se
diebus
continuis
intra
astantium
experto
gravissima qusedara
corpus
cum
or
possit,idque
non
verum
scribit
diseases
expresses
antidotalem
negari
testimoniis
Hartmanuus
bito
ferment."
Carnes
"
venena
ut
obstinate
with
viper'sflesh,Duemerbroeck
following
multa
exhausted
sine
admiratioue
ulla noxa,
iterum
ab
exhi-
expulsa fuisse."
SECT.
Trocliisks
kinds
are
some
cative
from
some
from
their
of them
some
rubbed
in.
Of
TROCHES.
form.
to
are
those
There
be
which
three
are
swallowed,
are
the
aromatic
Some
like.
such
sensibilit}',
that
as
as
the
substances.
from
Egyptian thorn,
some
swallowed,
for
such
qualities,
seeds, and
the
For
OR
TROCHISKS,
are
other
named
so
of them.
injected,and
ON
XII.
or
any
desic-
that
from
Some
act
as
deobstruents
on
the
TROCIIISKS.
XII.]
SECT.
those
as
in
which
liver,sucli
as
the
bitter
from
almonds.
for
from
blunting acrimony,
pompholyx, starch, and
juice
of
are
those
earth, injectedwith
Some
that
as
injected,some
are
dysenteiy,such
Samian
529
the
or
like.
discharges,or a flow
of blood, as those from
alum, acacia, and omphacium, such as
that of Philip; or that consistingof Egyptian thorn, injected
with the juice of roses
of plantain. Those
that are
caustic
or
being composed of sandarach,
agree with spreadingdysenteries,
jected
arsenic, quicklime, and burnt pepper ; but they are to be inwith
the juice of lentils or
of rice,the intestine being
salt water, and the patientshaving eaten
first washed
out with
and
act
astringentsupon
as
drunk
beforehand,
be
may
carried
the
navel, for
which
which
their
rubbed
are
up
of the
none
the
to
power
in
are
injected.
are
that
so
ahane
stomach.
of the
powers
Those
trochisks
cine
mediwhich
serviceable
injected prove
are
the
ptisan,
But
tended
herpes, exanthemata, intertrigo,hemorrhage, and ulcers atwith
and
that of
discharges,such as that of Aiidron
Polyides. Those possessedof blunting powers agree with carbuncle,
and
and
that
above,
the
ill-conditioned
from
like the
Those
Faustian,
and
pudenda
The
lotaria.
trochisk
ulcers,such
are
and
anus,
Of
aster.
of
of carrot, of
seed
of
iv
henbane,
of
those
as
saflron, of castor,
of Lemnian
oz.
bm'n
white
trochisks,
mentioned
applicablein spreading
for pterygiaand sarcomata.
cassia,of myrrh,
each,
which
the
as
earth, of
the
of
bark
of
ulcers
in
spikenard,of
mandragora,
wine.
The
of
trochisk
henbane,
Triturate
with
seed
Of
the
of
seed
of
anise, dr.
water.
from
seeds.
fennel, of each,
of
the
of
of
trochisk
The
seed
trigonus.
of
Of
anise, of bishop'sweed,
dr. iv ; of the
henbane,
of
each,
seed
di'.
of the
of
parsley,of opium,
Avith
ij. Triturate
water.
The
trochisk
seed
of
each,
dr.
III.
Cretan
ij;
of
croceus,
or
carrot, of
saffron
each,
trochisk.
dr. iv ; of
saffron,of opium,
of
Of
anise, of
myrrh,
the
of castoi',of
of the
34
seed
TROCHISKS.
530
of
dr.
Triturate
vj.
TJie trocldsk
of
roses,
dr.
seed
iv ; of the
eacli^dr.
of
vii.
henbane,
water.
acacia, of
Of
roses.
flowers, of
pomegranate
of
iijj
the
the
of the
gum,
juice of
hypocistis,of
of
juice
the
of
roses,
green
of
flower
seed
frankincense,
of
with
from
galls,of each,
of
of
parsley^of storax^
[book
dr.
each,
of Samian
viij;
of
flowers
of the
wild
each,
of
pomegranate,
of
earth, of corallium,
dr. iv ; of
dr.
each,
ij.
starch, of
the
Mix
the
with
juice of knotgrass.
The
trochisk
oz.
iv ; of the
oz.
iv
of
The
scrapings
opium,
trochisk
of
sumach,
Of
amber.
from
of
from
frankincense,
of
amber,
ij.
Egyptian
oz.
fleawort,
of
oz.
of
v;
mastich,
Egyptian thorn, of
stone-alum, of the juice
thorn.
acacia, of
Mix
with
The
wine.
trochisk
clidion.
Of
Galen
which
of
flowers
the
entitles
the
with
The
Of
The
Of
dr.
snails, dr.
of the
from
of dried
seed
other
the
dr.
burnt
dr.
viij;
or
wine,
things, and
form
caeliac
dr. iv.
opium,
dr.
ij
.
myrtles.
affection.
Form
into
four.
hartshorn,
obol.
of
xij;
hemoptysis.
roasted
of
galls,of
black
myrtles,
of each, dr. v ;
juiceof hypocistis,
the juice of the root
of mandragora,
of
dr.
xij;
roasted
of the
what
the
roasted
x
sumach
bark
; of the
will be
thick.
the
of
When
trochisks.
used
rind,
pomegranate
roasted, dr.
become
of
of
dr.
of the
each,
of henbane
wine
roses
myrrh,
of
of dark-coloured
until
of
of
hartshorn
xiv ;
frankincense,
dr. iv ;
or
opium,
aster, of
dr.
each,
give three
of
xij;
oenanthe,
of terra
the
and
acacia, of each,
XV
of
gall,dr. viij;
water,
trochisk
roasted
pomegranate, of the
each, dr. vj ; of buckthorn,
immature
pillswith
or
of
pomegranate,
wild
decoction
the
aphrocVisiasticum
cultivated
of the
of
opium,
myrtle wine,
clidion
the
of
rhubarb,
the
of
rhus
for condiments,
dr.
pine, dr.
of
vij;
xiv ; of
coriaria,sext.
ii ;
strained, add
the
TROCHISKS.
532
dr.
of
of the
ij;
gall of
the
Mix
with
bulls, dr.
trochisk
copper,
of sal
round
of
of
dr.
each,
dr.
dr.
viij;
of
with
wine,
xij;
aloes,oz. j.
of
misy,
of
q.
s.
of the
cultivated
galls,dr. viij;
saffron,of
of
frankincense,
fissile
of
alum,
dr.
each,
ij.
vinegar.
or
Of
Faiislinus.
scraped verdigris,
iv ; of
of
of burnt
of
flowers
dr.
myrrh,
astringentwine
trochisk
of
the
Of
of
alum,
dr. iv ; of copperas,
crocomagma,
The
xvj); of
seris,dr. xij;
squama
of round
Andronius.
birthwort,
Triturate
Of
ammoniac,
trochisk
pomegranate,
dr.
pomegranate,
dr.
vj (others use
Pasion.
of
frankincense,
The
cultivated
vit.
wine.
austere
The
of
of the
flowers
[book
of
sandarach,
the
injectalong with
decoction
the
of
myrtles,of lentils,and
of the
of bramble.
roots
The
trochisk
of
from
Of
paper.
arsenic, of sandarach,
burnt
of
paper,
each,
lb.
Mix
j.
oz.
of
ij;
lime,
quick-
with
the
juice of plantain.
Tlie trochisk
of
called
of
sandarach,
dr. iv ; of the
dr.
Marcellius.
Thronus
arsenic, of
flowers
wild
burnt
dr.
pomegranate,
drachms
each.
simply
The
burnt
trochisk
The
trochisk
oz.
iris,of
with
The
manna
of
of
each,
of burnt
(and
galls,of
juice of
troches
dr.
In
xv.
hartshorn,
burnt
dr.
of
iij.Triturate
Of
of
galls,of
alum,
of
also
the
; of
dr. xv;
rind, dr.
pomegranate
root
scription
pre-
arsenic,
of
acacia,
in wine.
x
of
of calamine,
all-heal,of
chalcitis,of misy,
of
of
paper,
another
xv
each,
some
opium,
trochisk, or
dr.
of litharge,
of fissile
each,
pomegranate
quicklime, of
birthwort,
of squama
costus), of each,
oz.
iss.
and
de-
vinegar.
trochisk
fluxions.
of the
iij;
bread,
dr. v;
the
wine.
burnt
of
the
Of
Bithynus.
copperas,
seris,of
Mix
each,
boiled
cork.
is added
sandarach,
of
third
cyathi of
from
there
of ceruse,
six
have
yon
to
roses
of burnt
cork,
dr. ij ; of
When
of
iij;
of
ij;
dr.
paper,
fissile alum, of
aris, of
squama
of the
Of
Of
flowers
cultivated
pomegranate,
of
each,
of fissile
oz.
alum,
j;
of
TROCHISKS.
XII.]
SECT.
castor, of
vermilion,
of each, oz. j ;
scraped verdigris,
of
manuaj
Mix
lb.
with
each, scr,
parsley seed, of
xviij.
trochisk
from
of
seed,
carrot
Of
colics.
saffron,of opium,
of
vj ;
of
sinopic
old wine.
j.
trochisk from castor, for
The
bS'^
of
each,
each,
ix
scr.
of
anise, of
seed
of henbane,
and
dum.
puden-
; of the
ss
oz.
of castor^ of
myrrh,
scr.
The
Of
of the
with
wine
with
third
roses,
The
of
rose
oil
the
extent
of
of
frankincense,
the
At
wine
Triturate
ij.
oz.
water.
oil,or
second
the
of
and
to the
time
of
oil.
myrtle
of
Of
of
and
the
flower
the
of
and
Of
pudendum.
or
terra
starch, of each,
wine
j.
oz.
fandament
lotaria
juice of
with
ij; add,
oz.
rind,
lotaria
trochisk.
iv
aster, oz.
of
ij;
oz.
of
opium,
pompholyx,
iv.
scr.
Mix
water.
T/ie trochisk
dr. xxiv ; of
of
to
the
white
ceruse,
with
or
from
with
each,
salt
rose
starch, of glaucium,
Triturate
The
and
of
alum,
contain
of pomegranate
iv;
trochisk
ceruse,
litharge,oz.
fissile
not
fundament
the
Take
Phrygian stone, for the pudenda.
burnt
and
stones
extinguished,and mix the
honey,
oz.
of
wine
butter
with
oil,
for
from
Phrygian
first with
of
does
trochisk
three
lead, of
that
using it,mix
The
oz.
ceruse,
di'oss of
ivine and
copperas
vermilion
The
from halicacahus,or
dr.
xij or xxj ;
(chalcanthum), dr. iv ;
ceruse,
enough
Of
give it
to
from
trochisk
acacias.
ivinter
the
the
black
winter
of
of
the
dr. iv
alum,
with
hellebores,and
litharge,
fissile
Mix
colour.
two
and
of
Of
cherry.
water.
from
also
yellow acacia, of
the
two
artificer's
of each, oz.
iv;
glue (in another prescriptionof fish-glue),
ammoniac
perfume, of glaucium, of aloes,of each, oz. ij;
male
oz.
frankincense,
Mix
j.
either
dissolve
before
and
The
round
black
\dnegar
in the
after the
trochisk
same
and
white
of
and
of squills,
or
in
q.
The
It
trochisk,
of
may
Criorjen.es. Of
wax,
vervain
be
of
at the
time
of
of
of
of
each,^
using it
vinegar, and
anoint
bath.
straight vervain, of
s.
hellebore,
common
myrrh,
of
birthwort, of scraped verdigris,
of the
Aries.
with
of
of
round
is to be
made
into
alum,
of
the
of
gathered
a
burnt
stomomatis,
squama
each,
j;
oz.
when
plaster thus
of
copper,
the
:
of vinegar,
sun
take
is in
of
the
of
TROCHISKS.
534
will
vinegar what
be
sufficient
for
tritui'ation
the
[book
vii,
the
tro-
of
chisk.
The
trochisk
aloes,
of burnt
round
alum,
of
of natron,
of ceruse,
It is formed
s.
into
will be
what
of fossil
the
Of
of the
trituration
pantolmius, for
for discharges.
of
and
long
chironian
cassia, of
of
the
round
purslain,of
of
copperas,
ammoniac
of
iron, of
of
galls,of sarcocolla,of
myrrh,
of
burnt
liquid melanteria, of
of the Egyptian thorn,
sumach,
of
the
the
of
parts.
Triturate
sal
the
of
of
ceruse,
and
of
round,
root
of
all-heal,of
and
rind,
pomegranate
of
ammoniac,
of
of
verdigris,
the
during
leaves, of sori,of
of
of
red
sumach
of the
has
granate,
pomebeen
not
of
sumach,
Syriac
(rus coriaria),of
omphacium,
heat
wild
the
sulphur which
elm-leaved
salis,of
spuma
olive
flowers
fire,of natron,
chrysocolla,of
acacia,
malignant ulcers,
of chalcitis,
astragalitis,
lead, of
of
with
vinegar,
of
of frankincense,
seris,of aloes, of diphryges,
squama
touched
ij;
trochisk.
copper,
of
iris called
perfume,
misy,
of
arsenic, equal
thirtydays.
for
The
of Nymphodotus.
trochisk
Alexandrian
natron,
of
salt,of mastich,
docian
amomum,
of
Gallic
of
The
trochisk
Of
soap,
starch, of each,
from
aphronitrum,
of
each,
galls,of each,
each,
thapsia,for
oz.
j;
dr.
ij;
dr. iv
of
of
j;
oz.
;
of
Indian
of
juice,of each,
\-inegar,
q. s.
hours
with
a
wash
dr. iv ; of pepper,
In
it ofi".
using it,rub
If you
wish
and
of sagapen,
it in with
to
use
in
Of
of
leaves,
rose
leaf, dr. j ;
the
each,
Aanegar,
a
Cappa-
myrtle wine,
hemicrania.
reduced
of
j;
oz.
q.
s.
juice of
for
peras,
cop-
all-heal,of
^j ;
oz.
and
burnt
birthwort,
the
of
of
of
trochisk, oz,
of the
salt,of
of
root
of oil,of each,
wax,
for the
sufficient
Tlie trochisk
plasterthus
Colophonian rosin,of
and
litharge,of
and
alum,
of round
birthwort, of the
pomegranate rind, of galls,
stomomatis,of scrapedverdigris,
ofeach,oz.j;of A'inegar,
squama
of
of
fissile
of
mjTrh,
of
calamine,
q.
seris,of arsenic, of
squama
Of
black-coloured.
melanchlorus, or
opopoParthic
dr.
and
of
ij;
after
six
state, mix
spread it,allowing it to
remain
TROCHISKS.
XII.]
SECT.
the
anus.
oz.
ijj
called
trochisk
The
Of
terra
of
of
buckthorn,
also, of
and
form
Celsus
humore
trita
with
the
informs
Latins.
ratio
coacta
inarescunt,
humore
diluuntur."
ubi
atque,
He
est
vino
pingui,ut
non
the
thus
incense,
frank-
fleawort,
the
are
describes
their
Comm.
same
general
medicamenta
'
'
'
con-
utendum
gives
saffron,
ments,
tempera-
of
juice
they
arida
of
in hotter
that
us
He
Pastilli hsec
"
properties:
; mix
ss
and
iij;
pains of
j ; of castor, of
oz.
ss
oz.
opium,
oblong trochisks.
into
pastilliof
the
each,
oz.
Commentary.
as
each.
acacia,of tragacanth,of
of
535
rursus
generis
est, ejusdem
six trochisks.
prescriptionsfor
(v.20.)
that
remarks
Galen
He
sphericalshape.
of
fifth book
For
receiptsare
of
account
an
'
camphor
Comp.
copied from
the
of
and
blood
the
Arabian
at
Saunders,
and
spodium,
sec.
the
of
him.
in
formula
particular
and
Mesue
trochisks
for the
of
bile, warm
dr. iv ; of
leaves
length in
gen.^ Many
great
Med.
their
from
name
(Pract. x, 14)
Mesue's
of
their
trochisks, see
Abbas
trochisks
The
them
De
derive
of
treats
work
his
author's
our
trochisks
seeds
of
and
hectics.
liquoriceaa,
of
dr.
ij;
of gum,
of
yellow
cucumbers,
citrons,melons,
Of
R.
"
of
dr.
spikenard, aa
j ; of lignum aloes, of cardomum, of starch, of camplior, aa
dr. iij. Mix
with the mucilage
aa
j ; of white sugar, of manna,
of
fleawort
dr.
and
is little different.
same
roses."
of
water
He
for
Myrepsus's formula
describes
the composition of
the
13()
pastils.
"
They
of certain
several.
To
which
with
some
a
of
account
well
as
to
trochisks
and
lozenges.
long
together the
preserve
to unite
time
virtue
the
of
purpose
to
be
juice,syrup,
solid
as
medicaments
which
are
following
pastils,rolls, cakes,
invented
were
the
called
also
are
Trochisks
virtue
gives
Charras
Moses
paste, out
or
otlier viscous
of which
are
liquor,to
formed
little
make
with
there-
trochisks,flat.
536
CoMM.
SMEGMATA.
round, triangular,square,
spread upon
from
the
be
may
paper,
put up
are
According
they
the
fire,to
Troches
"
and
into
sun,
dried
be
in
at
all
being
distance
parts alike,
of
in the
and
cakes,
the
ancients,
whereas
internally,
that
Dispensatory,^
stances
glutinous sub-
dried.''
all
and
moderns
former
the
is this
There
the
of
trochisci
ancient
the
with
up
troches
the
of
many
Edinburgh
afterwards
between
the
made
powders
difference,however,
of
for use."
pots
or
directions
small
trochisci
and
yii.
composed
are
of the
may
Avliich
otherwise,
or
out
they
in boxes
the
to
long,
dried
end
[book
given
are
used
were
as
"
le
pour
la
dedans
aussi
bien
que
dehors."
le
pour
(Hist, de
Med.)
SECT.
XIII.
APPLICATIONS
DRV
ABSTERGENTS
AND
(sMEGMATA.)
Of
some
act
some
superabundant
these
discharge,
such
similar
such
and
Samia,
as
when
misy,
burnt,
and
septics are
as
the
paper,
the
from
and
the
like,and
Of
squama
galls;
chalcitis,not
prepared
ulcers, and
those
bark
and
septic,
either by
aloes;
from
restrain
some
by drying the
diphryges,
copper,
or
But
and
those
from
copperas,
are
mild,
chalcitis,
verdigris,
caustics
stronger. The
quicklime, arsenic, sandarach,
burnt,
from
from
ulcers,
from
those
as
powers.
those
and
frankincense,
those
as
either
cicatrization,
promote
pungency,
hollow
suit with
which
caustic
some
cicatrizing,
incarnative
applicationsact
The
jeris,burnt
squama
those
ulcers, and
are
Of
of
some
styptic.
some
skin.
incarnants
as
fungous flesh,and
and
the
applied to
are
sviit with
some
are
and
and
SMEGMATA.
xiii.]
SECT,
which
spliecla,
when
less
is the
reduced
to
burnt
fine
The
pungent.
the
537
.
of
and
powder
wine.
All
these
sprinkled upon
things
ulcers, are
duced,
powder to which they are rethey. St}^ticsrestrain bleeding,
the
coarser
pungent
more
lees
are
either
or
by astringing or
cooling, or proving desiccative
obstruent
by burning and forming an eschar ; and the materials
of them
those
have
been
which
such
those
as
the
leaven,
from
section
skin,
Trochisks.
on
cleanse
some
and
pompions,
and
discutient,such
as
the
lemnitis, or
But
from
those
such
the
head
those
as
and
manna,
All
skin
when
Of
of
the
bark
dr.
iv
Of
smegmata
Of
tares, oz.
oz.
galls,of
iv ;
the
and
wine,
melitera
The
of fissile
oz.
of
washed,
iv ; of
from
8eris,of
ceruse,
plied
ap-
from
it,
granate,
pome-
of
oz.
iris,
iss;
frankincense,
oz.
iss.
dr. iv
of
of the
Of
Of
wild
of ceruse,
called
rhoedarium
equal parts.
ij.
the
burnt
calamine,
pomegranate,
of
lees
aster,
oz.
wine.
j;
of
iv ; of frankincense,
of
a^ris,of
squama
long birthwort,
fissile alum, of
frankincense,
Of
of
iv.
chalcitis,of
rind, of
of manna,
viij;
oz.
lapisspecularis,
Oribasius.
flowers
powder
of terra
j;
oz.
dr.
some
oysters.
calamine,
arc
of
rind
of tares, dr.
alum,
Manetho
of
of
iris,dr. ij;
of
Some
of each,
seris,
squama
with
them,
to
abstergents should
or
anointed.
pine, dr, vj ;
cuttle-fish.
discharge
it is not
aloes, dr. vj ;
burnt
lees of
up
of the
ij.
galls,di\ iij;
calamine,
burnt
the
of
the
are
seed
of the
shell
birthwort, of
dry application of
The
of
iss
aloes.
dr. iv ; of
of
the
dry
to
natron,
like.
pumice-stone, dr.
From
of
from
the
oz.
birthwort,
Of
order
Another.
of
in
the
applied to
The
of
and
to
be
adarce,
some
hellebore, alcy-
those
some
absterge,
of salt ;
flower
Of
Cimolian
flesh of
and
attenuant
the
applied to
are
in the
mentioned
of
each, oz.
each,
oz.
ss.
j;
of frankincense,
litharge,
equal parts.
uphroditarium.
Of
(a preparation from
frankincense, of
sumach),
of
squama
starch, of
SMEGMATA.
538
[book
vii.
Rhodian
The
powder
burnt
The
of
of
burnt
psarus.
Of
called
ij; of squama
scraped verdigris,oz. ij.
caustic
powder
dry
and
of
xl ; of
burnt
per,
cop-
of
of
iv ;
galls,oz.
oz.j;
copperas,
arsenic, lb. j ;
of
water
use.
of
ij;
Of
dr.
cyperus,
of
flowers
the
myrrh,
dr.
roses,
ij;
xij;
dr.
saffron,
of
Illyrianiris,of each,
of fissile alum, of
crocomagma,
of
viij;
ij.
mouth
paper,
xij;
of
it drv, but
sometimes
The
butcher's
alum,
Avith
Of
for such
of
of
of
broom,
willow,
of
with
mix
it with
rose-oil,
rose-oil.
the
same
sumach,
of
oz.
each,
ij;
dr.
crude
salts,of each,
the
of
viij;
of aloes,of
chrysocolla,
fications
morti-
for
{oxymijrsine)
broom
sandarach,
humid
more
dry
are
as
honey along
elm-leaved
the
For
vj.
jmrposes.
leaves
dr.
lead,
burnt
use
and
with
Triturate
floridpoivder.
sandai-ach,dr. iij; of
The
dr.
dr.
Of
heliocaes.
called
The
dr.
misy,
misj^,oz.
seris,oz. ij;
chalcitis,oz.
calx
dr.
chalcitis,dr.
burnt
V.
jwwder
The
of
Of
flavus.
viij;
dr.
copperas,
dr.
of
called
of
dr.
chalcitis,of
leaves
dried
the
vj ;
of
of fissile
seris,
squama
dr. iv.
of
arsenic, of
of
common
The
of
the
^scu-
lapian.
of
called
Of
each,
oz.
vj ;
of
sampsuchum
(a speciesof marjoram),
lb.
j;
SMEGMATA.
540
of
frankincense,
each,
stone, of each,
of Asian
flower
Avliite
j;
oz.
vii.
liellebore,of litharge,of
hellebore, of
black
leaf,of starch, of
of Indian
iij;
oz.
of
stavesacre,
[book
of
the
of roasted
alcyonium,
after it boils
of
arsenic, of
of
recent
on
the
the
fissile
lb.
of
iss ; of Gallic
oz.
each,
the
moon,
the
and
month
thrice
unguent
19th,
once
oz.
soap,
iss;of sandarach,
oz.
this
Use
j.
afterwards
and
year,
the
of
day
powder,
alum,
quickhme,
9th
whole
of the
iss;
oz.
month,
for
29th,
the
on
iss ;
of
day
29th
moon.
The
Commentary.
inspersile,quod
conflatum
inspergitur,
cuiTraa^ia,
Oribasius
male
non
videtur
mihi
ut
sint,
If^nraafiaTa
prurituiadhibentur
commovendo
nominat
Aurelianus
gines
has
quse
voces
"m77
luxum
Antyllo
sudoribus
sunt
et
et asper-
ulceribus
quae
conciliandse
vero
0(7;itora
ponere
cohibendis,
Sympasmata
quae
dicta
ad
aut
(jya^ixaKov.
ex
KaTairaajxaTa
etiam
superpouuntur, ^r/'oto
etiam
KarcnraoTOV
inter
pulveribus
gratiam odoris,
potui
aut
KaraTraafxa,
discrimen
siccis
ex
ad
vestibus
aut
Blancard
explained by
aridum
ratione,
varia
vulnerique
ulceri
thus
are
medicamentum
Phnio,
Diapasma.
terms
in vento
"
Grsecos
auctores
(^aoj^iciKa
^piara,
sextum
eis ad
He
is
says,
a
no
either
for love.
Le
we
are
Diapasmata,
the
toyer
"
pour
Les
"
dire,
On
vel
incantandum
1. 488.)
ute-
Theocritus
(Idyll,xi, 2.)
sense.
of ointment
powder,
or
On
les
appelloit
He
Catapasta, Sympasmata"
le
em-
thus
medicamens
s'en
oter
medical
in the form
Catapasmata,
Smegma
le peau,
its
Clerc
treating :
6v ^r)oa c'est
Srjpitt
of
in
medicine,
remedy
of which
tTriiraaTov
word
the
uses
(i^wai/na,
inspergendum,
J^schyliPrometh.
ad
(Glossarium
vel
wiaTa
Tci
genus,
unguendum,
ifkaaTa, et
-iraaTa,
quintum
additur
quibus interdum
i-rrw^ai,
proat
TTort^ta,
et
servoit
particulierement
pour
demangeaison,
"c.'^
He
says
net-
adds
"
LINIMENTS.
XIV.]
SECT.
de
Lorsqiie il s'agissoit
matieres
tomber
encore
diquees,comme
vivCj et Ton
faire
541
les
detrempoit
les
avec
le
acres
la
poll
celles
que
sandaraque,
En
sues.
prenoit des
on
ces
qu'on
de
cas
(ap.Iliad,
and
(v,9.)
following general descriptionof
Gataker's
Celsus
Quajdam
aridis neque
mixturse
autem
coactis
liquidomixta
terms
see,
Aristoph. (Plaat);
according
quicklime, and
orpiment.
sternutatory, and
the
of
powder
would
consist
His
ninth
tenth
is
of
for
prepared
potass, sulphur,
preparation of
one
aliquo
cum
gollas,if
cines
medi-
quibus
sunt
inspergamus, aut
ut
The
directions,
these
medicamentorum
utimur, sic
illiuamus."
to his
Scholiast.
iv);
depi-
on
Antoninus
gives the
"
is
donnoit
cette
further^Eustathius
""""
la cliaux
on
de psilothrum
composition le nom
particuliere
latoire."
(Hist,de la Med.) On the meaning of the
in-
Comm.
this class
making
gargle.
(V,22.)
Most
of
from
For
Haly
author's
our
(De Med.
Galen.
descriptionof the
internal
aromatics.
of
digestion,consists
sugar,
Nicolaus
the
the
of
oz.
skin
50
of
The
tions,
altera-
see, in
Pulveres,
ix.) Many
Mesne, (i,
particular,
of Mesue's
in his
is intended
dispel flatulence,and
ss
of
to
assist
galls,dr. iss
and
describes
copious Dispensatory,'
^
and
smegmata
the
in diseases
like.
the
few
v.)
gen.
Myrepsus,
greater number
iss.
composition of
the
sec.
Arabian
humidity
of white
borrowed, with
are
Abbas
compositions are
dry
formulse
former
pulveres consist
pulveres.
intended
are
thereof, such
143
as
The
far
applicationsto
impetigo,leprosy,itch,and
as
of
SECT.
As
than
the
XIV.
much
the
ON
as
LINIMENTS
the coat
skin, such
applicationsmade
therefore, of
TO
whicli
the
inflammation,
MOUTH
AND
diff'erence
to
TUE
must
mouth.
medicines
is finer and
there
At
for
TIIllOAT.
be
the
with
softer
regard
to
commencement,
repellingthe
defluxion
LINIMENTS.
542
are
required,sucli
the
gallomphacitis,the
the
alum,
flowers
bark
of
the
wild
of
astringents,with
also
the
pomegranates,
and
the
frankincense-tree,and
tree
in
and,
brambles
of the
of
juice
bark
the
as
unsavoury
the
walnuts
the
at
juice
called mulberries:
acid, and
are
the
all the
word,
those
green
is mixed
Honey
must.
and
of
especiallysuch
more
Aminean
the
blackberries, both
of the
of
pomegranate
; and
deleterious
and
and
pine
vii.
dry applications,
namely, omptacium,
sumach
of
and
of hypocistis,
and
juice
the
as
[book
and
of
of
quinces
commencement
But
when
the
solelyfor the preservation of the medicines.
humour
lodges in the part, digestiveand moderately-repellent
articles
of
be
to
are
And
liquorice.
the
I
used,
acme
mean,
repellentare
to
have
during
repellent and
be
the
In
decline
figs and
with
honey.
When
juice with
also
honey,
and
then
boil
moderately
The
but
simple
the
that
from
and
the
the
consistence
and
the
whole
liniment
the
to
iij;
sext.
honey,
of
sext.
like.
The
boiled
remains,
liquidhoney,
afterwards
properly united,
glass.
mouth
from
mulberries.
boil
until
third
boil to the
itself
must
more
that
must
inflammation
We
liquid
must,
sweet
of the
and
first the
afterwards
are
j,
is to be
at
powders finelyle\dgated,and
in vessels
of
add
rob,
and
little of
the
until
juice of mulberries,
kinds
tween
be-
aphronitrum, origany,
natron,
iris,besasa
juice
which
discutients,
use
sulphur vivum.
some
sprinklethe
it is to be laid up
must
palm-nuts,
to
the
intervenes
of both
discutient
we
as
be
should
dried
that
and
the
from
to mix
time
the
applicationthen
are
whole
decline,a compound
we
the
astringenc}^,such
no
saffron,myrrh,
as
and
discutient.
the
such
mixed,
and
then
Of
part
the
be
sumed,
con-
consistence
of
honey.
The
compound
hemin.
baths,
dr.
ij;
then
mix,
boil
well
mulberries.
to
the
Of
the
consistence
of
triturated, of
juice of unripe
honey, one hemina;
the
berries is
The
vj ;
of the
oboli; of
Of
from
one
bramble-berries.
grape,
and
The
juice
the
saffron,dr. j ;
dr.
j;
boil to
of
berries,
mul-
sordes
of
myrrh,
of fissile
alum,
thickness.
proper
in
three
bramblecomposition from
being more
astringent.
Of the juice of the pounded
LINIMENTS.
SECT.
XIV.]
bark
of green
like
that
The
from
at the
and
of
v; of
honey, licmin.
y, it is boiled
mulberries.
compound
and
hemin.
walnuts,
543
of inflammations
acme
the
in the
alum,
The
j;
oz.
preparation from
juice of
sweet
the
juice of
the
Minnsean
dr.
viij;
of
of
phacium,
The
bruised
fissile
mix
mouth,
of saffron
acid
dr.
fissile
alum,
each,
dr.
same
otherwise.
with
their
alum,
of
If you
of each
mean
ij;
of
ij;
double
stomachic
seed,
of the
alum,
of
wild
of
fine
and
from
sweet
of
of
om-
mulberries.
pomegranate
honey,
vj ;
sext.
must,
let the
middle
must
of
be
j;
sext.
of
of
galls,of
each,
sweet,
has
state
j.
if
intermediate
j ; of oil,oz.
They are melted
iv.
dr.
but
lb.
honey,
saffron,dr.
rue),
ashes
of
oz.
of
schoenanth,
the
Illyrianiris,of besasa
of
of
cinnamon,
j;
oz.
dried
of
roses,
of
seed
Of
of
(which
anise
viij;
in
bishop^s weed,
call
some
j;
oz.
of Indian
thus
seed, of parsley
of
nard,
sums
of
up
of
of amoraum,
it is
saffron,of
cassia, of
costus, of
the
of fissile
harmala,
troglodyticmyrrh,
each,
Celsus
these
of
besasa.
long birthwort,
Commentary,
of
like that
j;
sext.
galls,of each,
saffron,of myrrh,
Of
medicine,from
gall, of each,
ss
of
iv ; of
vessel.
The
the
of
of
the
ss.
Of
The
stomachic.
turpentine,oz.
oz.
demulcent,
properties.
The Egyptian
honey,
Illyrian iris
juice
vj ; of
sext.
must.
repellent,austere.
the
myrrh,
dr.
it for
of
viij. Prepare
Of
of
ij;
Of
kernels, sext.
of crocomagma,
viij;
kernels,
j;
oz.
their
sext.
dr. iv ;
preparation from
fissile
without
pomegranates,
myrrh,
dr.
myrrh,
juice of pomegranates.
the
pomegranates,
alum,
The
as
each,
of
commencement,
cline
ij; and in the deadd, as a discutient,of natron, dr. j ; of sulphur,dr. j, to
aforementioned
proportions of the juice and of honey.
the
of
In
ivalnuts.
from
one
the
of
magma,
croco-
fresh
each,
general propertiesComm.
laevandi
aut
Gargarizationes autem
preparations:
fiunt,aut reprimendi, aut evocandi.
Lsevant, lac,cremor
causa
vel
"
vel
ptisanaj,
vel rosa,
sunt
vel
furfurum
nibus,
reprimit
vel cotoneum
in qua
aqua,
malum,
vel
vel
lenticula,
palmulaj decoctse
Galen
treats
of
these
compositions very
"
and
systematically,
'
"
'
at
CoMM.
'"
loc.'
"
sec.
tions
are
of such
far
The
DELICIOUS
ON
XV.
Comp. Med.
author's
jirescripDe
'
list
added
articles
certain
of
composed
are
it,such
to
POTIONS.
OFFICINAL
AND
potions,some
officinal
delicious
having
our
vii.
SECT.
Of
of
number
greater
work,
of his
great length, in
'
'
[book
POTIONS.
544
as
wine,
wormwood,
pepper,
sowbread,
such
of
those
as
other
many
unripe
the
this account
On
The
austere
Cebyra
in small
vessels
formed
without
of
utility.
which
(or
whets
"
and
wine
from
consumed
receive
which
and
to
part
one
are
boiled
not
be
boiled,
They
vessels,which
above
situations
used
as
in
the
covered
cases
to
after
up.
which
their
be
weakness
laid up
and
are
Cnidium,
well
mixed
are
boiled
they
Those
from
those
or
which
the
like
fever, or
in small
we
from
earthen
deposited in
They are to
But
the
settling,is
use
relish
for the
or
readily
are
water.
and
time,
require
pitched
with
prepared
purgatives);
are
things
water
they
part of
sufficient
from
Those
are
of which
be
free
which
one
liquor.
for
of
four
to
not
are
things
propotions
Those
carefullycovered up and
ground until they are concocted.
exception of
granum
all to
are
they
isolated
be
to
from
attenuants,
omphacomel
be
are
two
to
are
because
those
parts
it
alone
honey
honey
two
of the
omphacomel.
the
particularly
changed.
be
honey
if
but
boiling;
of
known
liquor,about
of the
from
brought
I have
boiled.
with
sometimes
called
scummed
being
and
But
are
myrtles.
is mixed
from
is made
which
of
sext.
for
substance.
wine,
from
and
the
in
apomel
without
water
three
to
the
other
receive
made
are
prepared
honey
"?)
exception;
an
as
any
prepared
are
is
honey,
water, without
and
honey
preservation,sweetness,
and
vinous
hydromel
of
sake
the
for
them
scummed
finest
and
pomegranates,
grapes,
principally
only (with
scammony,
in such
to
the
affections
as
POTIONS.
XV.]
SECT.
when
them
would
we
admit
the
of
use
or
affections,as apomel
for
bowels,
of
atteuuant
or
in
rosaton
of the
vomitings and
washes
The
clean
sext.
i of
sext.
the
the
filtrated
the
of
the
hydro-
fevers, resolutions,
and
rho-
dysentericcases, and
They are frequentlyused
of
honey,
it until
it be
thev
fire,
after
apples
water, mix
Of
juice of apples.
until
the
not
with
agreeing
as
oraphacomel, myrteton,
quinces
well-water
the
measured
and
ij;
clean
from
moving them
and
having
and
from
Of
does
for
as
mouth.
juiceswe
disease
the
cseliac and
of the
hydromelum
part. Another.
in
defluxions.
in affections
the
or
sialogogue,diuretic,laxative
hvimours
hj^dromelon and
; and
stomach
other
ingredientsof
rhoita, in
and
dostacton,
water,
sometimes
thirst, ardent
of
cases
derangements
and
tlie
are
when
sweeteners,
as
wines,
Avhich
prepared from
Those
in febrile cases,
use
the medicines
use
the mouth.
by
545
with
reduced
throw
of
to
pieces,lb.
become
soft.
become
they
juice
iij;
sext.
into
cut
the
them
of
water,
a
third
v.
Boil
Then
re-
cold, strain,
Having
away.
it half the
quantity of honey,
eighth part be consumed.
preparation of
The
grapes,
the
sun
sext.
for
iij;
of
Apomel
from
having
broken
III.
the
sext.
the
tilled with
Avith
of Myrteta.
honey,
combs
water
omphacomel.
Of
the
juice of unripe
sext.
preparation
The
the
j.
ivorks
honey,
down
the
honey
until
Boil
Of
the
till the
third
of Phalaffriifs.
lb.
comb
the
of
j;
and
scum
expose
juice
of
myrtles,
is consumed.
Of
white
united
it and
boil
them,
the
houev-
lb.
spring water,
of
it to
waxy
35
iiiss ;
the
part
546
POTIONS.
swim
the
on
top and
is
[book
separated^then
cool
and
vii.
it up
cover
carefully.
The
composition of
without
their
it,until
The
fourth
honey,
Commentary.
CoMM.
of the
was
lines
was
Anfidius
here
Catius
juice of pomegranate,
third
part.
of the
alludes
decet
of
the best.
account
it in the
to
cipal
prin-
or
supper,
ing
follow-
venis
praecordiamulso
(Lib. ii,Sat. 4.)
the
Thus
pepper,
ointment."
leni
the
Macrobius
"
Indian
(Deip. ii,25.)
of
says
it
Mulsum
"
for
was
quo
Falerno
Hymetto
Propoma," says Athenseus,
leaf,myrrh, cyperus, and Egyptian
esse
(Satvirn.vii,12.)
added
Falerno,
melius."
miscendum
probe temperes,
mella
vaciiis committere
quoniam
condemns
composition
were
to
Horace
forti miscebat
Prolueris
"
the
commencement
vetulo."
roses
ancients.
Meudose
thought
of
"
the
juice
at the
of the
meal
Of
Boil
j.
sext.
It
taken
the
rha-tes.
We
Propoma.
which
Of
part be consumed.
preparation of
of
ij; of
nails,sext.
the
iij;
sext.
rhodostactum.
To
et
novo
the
long
list of
receiptsfor Propomata
of them
contain
wine,
given by Myrepsus (" 38.) Most
aromatics.
See
learned
Dissertation
the
a
on
honey, and
(in Athen.
Propoma
by Casaubon
Deipnos. ii, 17) ; also
Lister
(in Apicii Op. i,1.)
is
It
will
be
wines,
of the
or,
as
we
would
the
fifth book
to
now
Dioscorides
ancients.
fullyin
very
here
proper
give some
account
call
the
them,
details
of his
'
the
Vinous
Materia
of linen
; then
and
allow
it to
the
wine
into
put it into
for three
macerate
another
vessel,and
of quinces is to be
quinces, deprived of their
wine
20
Tinctures,
Medica.^
piece
cated
medi-
composition of
is his
of
of the
sextarii
of
months
them
The
Take
it in
good
lowing
folmina
thin
fresh
afterwards
it up
must,
strain
carefully.
prepared by putting 12 minse
seeds,
cover
into
cadus
of
must,
The
of
and
COLLY
548
XVI.
SECT.
various.
of
sooth
which
metals
it were,
as
are,
starch, lead,
washed
and
substances,
of
acrid
an
humours
be
flower
for
The
there
the
and
and
abstergents,such
Some
stone.
of
moderately astringent
of the
Some
tergents
de-
are
chalcitis,
burnt.
Allied
to
arsenic,sandarach,
as
of
are
and
Cyrenaic
of these
astringent,and
are
eyes
collp'ia
seris,copper,
antimony
be
the
evacuants
the like.
the squama
as
of
the
as
be
to
should
coats
and
such
pom-
are
there
opposite class
euphorbium,
called
if
deobstruents
are
These
egg.
of
danger
as
an
head,
of copper,
flowers
of Asian
are
as
of
distension.
nature,
those
are
such
will
the
ulcers,such
misy, sori,the
the
of
juices,sagapen,
of foul
composed
are
obstruents, such
Samian
white
permanently lodged
Median
these
the
evacuation
plethora of it,there
being ruptured by
being
medicines
ophthalmic
pholyx, spodium,
after
APPLICATIONS.
are
and
acrimonies,
used
vii.
inspissatedand
For
and
herbs,
AGGLUTINATIVE
AND
from
materials
The
are
COLLYRIA
'OX
[book
RI A.
extensive
for
use
hypocistis.
mixed
with
sight,such
and
remedies
those
as
juice of fenugreek.
simply
are
coUyria.
mentioned,
most
not
not
The
subside, nor
quantities,so
of baths.
the
that
are
of
Rain-water
moderately astringent.
levigatedand triturated
all
the
to
the
be
should
But
with
summer
ai'ticles
being
rubbed
float
on
rubbed
the
the
until
used,
if not,
wine
are
or
with
and
those
some
the
some
hygro-
some
formerly
to be
prepared
strength
is
constricted
the
metallic
parts
juice;
the
may
sordes
it is finer
are
of
in small
it is like the
things
apt
do
addition
surface,but
because
and
concoctive
are
rosemary,
their
be
be
wild
materials
They
quantity that
aromatic
it may
the
of
ophthalmic medicines,
all states.
in winter
in great
not
flowers
are
the
sharpening
xerocollyria,and
admit
with
properly. They
fluid,but
for
galls. Some
compound
spring,for in
in
commonly
mix
Of
agree
used
myiTh, saffron,castor,
first class
and
are
and
plasta,some
evaporate, and
to
called
stronger astringency
acacia, the
pomegranate,
discutient,such
of
which
omphacium,
as
cultivated
of the
possessed
to
and
be
metallic
COLLYRIA.
XVI.]
SECT.
for
substances
sliorter.
and
gum,
last,after
At
formed
having
Those
pterygium,
and
verdigris,and
of these
juices are
misy.
Some
occasion
dimness
and
medicines
these
the
finest
be
Of
chalcitis,
discharge
of
of
sight,and
are
those
applied to
the
But
powder.
be
to
are
to
Some
spikenard.
as
of
from
the
tears,
posed
com-
lactics
prophy-
are
Phrygian stone,
the
absterge callus,sycosis,
aflFections,
being composed
things,pepper
vessels
copper
scabious
and
add
improve by keeping.
and
preventing influxes,such
for
from
for
must
in
up
prepared
down,
obstructions
with
agreeing
them
metallic
the
juicy substances
trituration,we
them, lay
melt
some
xerocollyria,
the
sufficient
in glass.
or
especially,
used
immediately, but
the
and
longer time,
549
and
in
eyes
hygrocollyria are
saffron.
of
state
prepared
from
subtile kind
from
honey, opobalsam, oil of the most
age,
the juice of fennel, the gallsof different animals, the Cyrenaic
other
atare
things. Those
things which
juice,and many
Attic
calefacient,and
tenuant,
incipientsuffusions.
sight,and
to
used
be
is
atmosphere
not
very
made
are
the white
humour
TJie
of
an
vmder
and
Tlie
of gum,
dr.
dr.
copper,
wine.
It is discutient
chiucum
of
opium,
austere
The
oz.
vj;
ij.
oz.
j.
Triturate
the
flower
with
collyrian cygnarium.
Of
of
washed
ij;
of
Triturate
ceruse,
oz.
tragacanth,of
with
the
northerly,and
called
aggluobstruent, agglutinative,
desiccative, such
of fresh
not
calamine,
iv ;
of
roasted
rain-water.
contain
mature
im-
deprived of
roses
of gum,
of the
of
each,
Amina^an, Falernian,
must
the
when
desiccative.
pouch),
wine
But
is
sinopic vermilion,
call the
(which we
wine.
starch,oz.
oz.
wind
preparations
and
Of
gall,of saffron,of
nails
things are
waslied
collyrium
all acrid
of
when
They are glued to the forehead
the scalp,but external
to it.
for incipientand old ophthahnies. Of
egg.
is not
dimness
collyrium monenieron
in austere
their
the
Those
for
plethora,and
such
Samian
and
pure,
cold.
from
pollen,manna,
with
the
nor
and
things as are
constringent, refrigerant,styptic,or
tinants
as
hot
very
and
serene
These
is free from
head
the
when
useful
purgative are
oz.
iv;
Chian
or
salt water.
burnt
and
pompholyx,
opium, of
oz.
gum,
washed,
iv ; of
of
each,
COLLYRIA.
550
Of
The
pale-colouredcygnus.
ij; of terra aster, oz. ij;
oz.
of
viij;
oz.
of
canth,
The
of
each,
white
of gum,
of
viij;
of
saffron,of each,
tender
Of
verdigris,dr. xij;
of
fruit of
of
saffron, dr.
Indian
Chian
or
a
The
oz.
of
white
an
xij; of
and
ceruse,
of
in
The
the
sand
viij;
oz.
oz.
roses,
vj j
dr.
dr. iv
each,
of
vj ;
of fresh
the
times
day, in
vj ;
with
calamine,
thicker.
water,
oz.
Triturate
iij.
of
oz.
vj.
melilots,of
Of
the
dissolve
ceruse,
of
juice
it in
calamine,
of
milk
of
xvj ;
oz.
tragacanth, of acacia,
Triturate
with
of poppy
poppy,
repellent collyrium,from
found
in copper
burnt
and
oz.
vessels
j;
of
used
washed,
of washed
pompholyx,
hydria
myrrh,
of gum,
lb.
j.
lb.
the
decoction
-heads,
oz.
j;
of
or
of
rice,
liquo-
for
j;
vessels.
water
heating water,
of
washed
of the
each,
lb.
ceruse,
aster, of each,
terra
oil of
equal parts.
frankincense,
'
iij;
dr. xxiv ;
poppy,
myrrh,
calamine,
starch, of opium,
of
of gum,
ij;
calamine
washed
dr.
alum,
dr. viij;
seris,
last,with
at
decoctions.
collyrium from
each,
of dried
scraped
dr. iv ; of the
in three
the
Of
burnt
Ha^dng
of
gum,
of
wash.
then
The
oz.
of fissile
of
of
iij;
water.
xvj ;
juice of
iij;
dr.
great affections.
of squama
ij;
of
of gum,
xviij;
with
dr.
nard,
of the
and
severianum.
tragacanth,
fenugreek.
viij
;
with
milk,
or
egg
collyrium
dr.
It is rubbed
diluted
vij;
with
wine.
austere
ceruse,
acacia, of
Triturate
the
of
of
buckthorn,
xvij;
oz.
of ceruse,
myrrh,
and
of
dr.
xiij;
water.
rain-
starch, oz.
dr.
each,
Triturate
of castor, dr.
iv ;
dr. iiss.
roses,
dr.
heath,
of
dr. ix ; of
of Indian
of copper,
antimony,
chalcitis,dr. iij;
of burnt
of
dr. iss.
dr. xxiv
calamine,
with
calamine,
brown
The
acacia, of traga-
of ceruse,
vij;
Of
acacia,of opium,
dr. xxiv ; of
copper,
dr.
ulcers.
pompholyx,
Triturate
xv
washed,
rain-water.
of
oz.
frankincense,
with
ij; of
iv.
and
iv ; of
oz.
oz.
oz.
calamine,
Triturate
xiij.
oz.
The
each,
Of
cygnus.
dr.
opium,
opium,
of gum,
j;
oz.
burnt
calamine,
of ceruse,
of
ij;
starch, oz.
[bookvii.
oz.
vj ;
Of
iij;
of
of
juice of linseed,of
lb.
j;
of
tragacanth,
COLLYRIA.
XVI.]
SECT.
The
collyrium of Nilamon.
pholyxj oz.
opium,
of
The
iv
juiceof
Of
calamine,
of
j;
of
viij;
oz.
of
tragacanth,
poraof
gum^
Rain-water.
of
poppy,
of linen
dr.
of gum,
iij;
the
tender
quantity of water,
juice thus
of
filtrate
of
Triturate
leaves
and
earth, of
xv.
the
Prepare
more
Samian
dr.
dr.
each,
the
with
having
olive,washed,
through
piece
rag.
The
tender
dr. iv ; of
collyrium from
antimony, dr.
j;
dr. xxiv ; of
each,
each,
mortar
moderate
of
of
antimony,
in
pounded
of
frankincense,
of ceruse,
juice of
dr.
lb.
ceruse,
iv.
oz.
Of
calamine,
add
each,
chemoses.
the
of
551
of green
xv
olive
of
leaves.
lead, burnt
and
dr.
calamine,
xxviij; of ceruse,
opium, dr. vj ; of gum,
of
dr.
washed,
frankincense,
Of
viij. Mix
with
the
juice
The
olive leaves.
dr.
of
xij;
opium,
sandy x,
ij;
oz.
of
xxiv
oz.
oz.
gum,
olive leaves.
green
; of
olive
Mix
x.
Of
burnt
with
palm
per,
cop-
ij; of
leaves, oz.
wine,
or
Aminsean.
The
Claudiac
colla, of
of
myrrh,
of gum,
bloodstone,
dr.
Of
collyriumfrom myrrh.
of
Mix
xvj.
saffron, dr.
of
each,
with
dr. vi ; of
xxiv
of
of
sarco-
opium,
of
wine.
Italian
glaucium,
be
To
used
with
an
eggAnother
collyrium from
calamine
washed,
of
myrrh,
of
XXX
of gum,
with
an
egg,
The
dr.
XX
iv
(but some
dr. xvj. Mix
and
stacticon
in recent
washed,
dr.
use
with
Italian
Of
of Prosechius.
viij;
of
raw
each,
misy,
grs.
be
of gum,
dr.
each,
of white
of
To
used
water.
of
viij;
pepper,
wine.
calamine,
dr.
dr.
white
with
Of
xxviij; of
opium, dr. viij;
of
viij)
; of
diluted
cases
antimony, of copperas,
of scraped verdigris,
dr.
saffron,dr.
of
of
of
dr. xiv ;
of
of bloodstone
Cyprian spodium,
saffron,dr.
of
of
viij;
each,
opium,
dr.
pepper,
opobalsam,
vj ;
dr. iv.
Water.
The
each,
hygidium
dr.
dr. iv ; of
burnt
xvj
of
of ceruse,
squama
lead, of each,
Of
Ammonius.
of castor, of
(seris
?),
dr. v;
dr.
of
viij;
calamine,
of
copper,
of
of the
flower
of
roses,
of the
of
stone
COLLYRIA.
552
dr.
scliistos,
dr.
opium^
of
fraukinceuce,
of
antimony,
burnt
"washed,
of
calamine,
of
of
opium,
of the oil of
buckthorn,
of roses,
flower
the
manner
oz.
gum,
of
roses,
dr.
each,
of
myrrh,
Hie
dr.
dr. iv
The
of
each,
dr.
gum,
Tlte
dr.
of
In
of
seed
dr. iv
of
of
of
saffron,of
xviij;
dr.
of
xij;
of
opium,
antimony,
viij;
of
of
of
of ceruse,
j;
of
of
aloes,
of
acacia,of
dr.
ceruse,
iv ; of
of
meconium,
bloodstone, of
dr.
opium,
calamine,
of
copper,
v
of
the stone
of
schistos,
\
erdigris,
chalcitis,dr. ij;
of
wine.
Of
burnt
pumice-stone,
calamine,
dr.
vj ;
of
burnt
opium,
of
of Indian
of
ij;
iv
oz.
of
of
dr.
of
gum,
antimony,
burnt
oz.
of
Rain-water.
shells,of each,
copper,
henbane,
of burnt
burnt
in
for three
misy,
dr.
leaf,dr. j.
Of
dr.
Of
collyrium xyster.
leaf,of each,
of castor,
water.
copper,
j.
the
Syriac nard,
"With
burnt
of
viij;
in water
dr.
collyrium.
dr.
of
soaked
calamine,
copper,
and
Indian
number
the
to
of Indian
verdigris,dr. ij;
xvj ;
viij.
pahn-nuts,
dr. iv ;
xvj.
each,
dr.
of
ij;
reed,
burnt
of
dr.
aromatic
collyrium rhinarion.
each,
of
of
each, dr. j ;
be
of
squama,
of
there
Of
burnt
ceruse,
grapes,
Let
Theudotian
xx
buckthorn,
xxx
dr.
each,
small
myrrh,
dr.
myrrh, of roasted
of scraped,verdigris,
red
the
palms,
burnt
of
dr.
of
of burnt
the
each,
xxxvj ;
acacia, of each,
of
each,
collyrium of nard.
The
each,
bones
days, of
nights and
of dried
of
Rain-water.
V.
saffron,dr.
unripe
of
xij;
dr.
schistos,
stone
of
washed,
and
each,
dr. iv ; of
each,
iij; of the
like
of guin^
or
washed,
of the
acacia^ dr. xj ;
of
nard,
Olympiacum. Of acacia, of spikeand
burnt
each, dr. viij; of copper,
collyrium Olympus,
of
dr.
vii.
Water.
xlviij.
TJie
iv ; of
[book
viij;
of gvim,
dr. iv.
Some
Rain-water.
also
wine.
mix
hecatomb
The
burnt
and
collyrium for
wa;hed,
of
copper,
thick
burnt
cicatrices.
and
washed,
Of
of
calamine,
each,
dr.
roses,
of
dr. Ix.
Rain-water.
of
hartshorn,
of
each,
The
calamine,
of
dr.
of
whites
of
twenty
xviij;
of ceruse,
of
ij;
oz.
incarnant
The
j;
oz.
oz.
ij.
oz.
coUyrium
of
Vj
dr.
each,
of
iv;
of
j;
oz.
j. Triturate
Of
of Cleon.
oz.
ceruse,
with
The
washed,
of
iij;
burnt
and
dr.
vj ;
It is
the
Of
an
of
each,
ivhite
of
oz.
iij;
of
starch, oz.
juice of fenugreek.
of
lead, of each,
stomomatis,
Ixxii
containing
dr.
of gum,
j;
oz.
of
ounces
burnt
and
iij;
dr.
washed,
saffron,dr. viij;
of
Of
roses.
of
green
xxiv;
aeris,
squama
of
of
opium,
of
of
Rain-water.
ceruse,
tragacanth,
of
Injectdiluted.
coUyrium
of
calamine,
; of
xxx
pompholyx,
the squama
Ixxii,of calamine,
dr. xxiv.
gum,
of
xij;
opium,
of
starch,
oz.
Rain-water.
ij.
the
viij. Water.
antimony,
oz.
of
aster, dr.
aster, washed,
dr.
and
each,
pompholyx,
terra
of
viij;
saflron,oz. iss;of
coUyrium
ruses,
Of
of
oz.
of
dr. iv.
myrrh,
gum,
washed,
oz.
Rain-water.
The
of
of
pompholyx,
and
opium,
Tlie
traga-
starch, of
Rain-water
repellent.
coUyrium from the juice offenugreek.
of
oz.
of
washed,
teris,
and
tragacanth, of each,
XXX
of gum,
of squama
bm'nt
calamine,
Of
of
of Magnus.
dr.
Uranium.
spodium, washed,
also of
tragacanth, of
of
coUyrium
washed,
of
of
tragacanth,
dr. iv.
add
aster
frankincense,
mj'rrh,dr. ij;
TJie
the
of
washed,
Some
of
gum,
of
calamine,
spodium,
of gum,
xij;
called
of
xij;
and
eggs.
coUyrium
calamine,
dr.
opium,
washed
Of
dr.
iv
seris,oz.
\j ;
oz.
Rain-water.
vj.
coUyrium.
aster, of starch, of
of squama
vj ;
oz.
of ceruse,
xij;
of
The
of
seris,of starch,
shell,of verdigris,of
burnt
of terra
oz.
opium,
burnt
oz.
viij;
dr.
of ceruse,
Libanian
dr.
each,
pompholyx,
iij;
oz.
The
terra
lead, of
j. Rain-water.
coUyrium from frankincense. Of frankincense,
of
of gum,
myrrh,
each,
burnt
of squama
of
cuttle-fish,
of
frankincense,
Of
of ceruse,
ij;
oz.
oo3
Galen.
from horn, of
colhjriuin
The
of
COLLYRIA.
xvl.]
SECT,
of
from
washed,
each,
saffron,oz.
of
of
lb.
each,
iij;
oz.
iss;
Of
roses.
of
calamine,
burnt
of
starch,
aloes,
iss ;
j;
roses
without
Of
calamine,
oz.
their
of
and
opium,
of
gum,
nails, oz.
vj.
Water.
The
coUyrium from
aloes.
of ceruse,
of
aloes.
COLLYRIA.
554
of
each,
opium,
oz.
j;
oz.
of
tragacanth, oz.
The
of
of
dr. iv ; of
dr.
ammoniac
oz.
sarcocollaj
vj ;
of
j;
The
j;
the
of
of
saffron,dr. xij;
Thebaic
Ethiopian
viij; of myrrh,
dr.
opoponax,
dr.
xvj ;
of
xij;
of
dr.
of
ammoniac,
of
and
it also attenuates
of crude
of
chalcitis,
purposes,
of ceruse,
opium,
xij; of
of sal
opoponax,
same
dr. iss ;
olive,dr.
each,
Rain-water.
calamine,
xl ; of pepper,
calamine,
of
dr.
Of
Of
water.
Rain-
xij;
gall of
of
scraped verdigris,
cicatrices.
each, dr.
of
iv;
Thebaic
of
of gum,
of
dr.
roses,
dr. iv.
gum,
perfume,
vj.
collyrium Proteus, for the
each,
dried
of
dr. iss ; of
henbane,
of
"vj;
obol.
poppy,
bloodstone,
hepatic aloes, of
dr.
spikenard,
of the white
ij;
glauciura,oz.
of
copper,
myrrh,
of
Of
roses.
of
iij;
iij.Rain-water.
oz.
burnt
each,
of gum,
ij;
vii.
of
ij;
of
of
ivss ;
dr.
yj ; of starch, oz.
oz.
roses,
tragacanth,oz. j. Rain-water.
Of tender
coUyrium from roses, of Nilus.
dr.
opium,
of
green
aloes, of each,
of
saffron, dr.
of
of
T7ie
roses,
[book
of
arsenic, of
fissile
ammoniac
perfume,
dr.
opobalsam,
alum,
of
dr.
sagapen,
of
dr.
xij;
each,
xx
of
dr.
gum,
of
xx.
rain-water.
In
dr.
the
collyrium from
The
xvij;
of Indian
ink,
dr.
juice of fennel.
xvj ;
of
long
pepper,
Of
dr.
calamine,
xiij,and
of
dr.
with
the
juice of fennel.
collyrium from
The
opobalsam.
Of
calamine,
each,
dr.
dr.
of ceruse,
of white
of
of
pepper,
each,
dr.
xvj.
Rain-water.
The
verdigris,oz. ij;
of Median
oz.
gum,
The
copper,
dr.
j;
called
collyrium
of Indian
ink, oz.
?)
juice (assafoetida
vj.
oz.
viij;
calamine,
of white
pepper,
of
opobalsam,
ammoniac
perfume,
j;
viij;
oz.
oz.
oz.
ij;
of
iv
of
Water.
collyrium
harmation.
of the bark
of gum,
Of
thalasseros.
of
dr. iv.
Of
frankincense, of
Rain-water.
each.
dr. iv
of
of
burnt
verdigris,
COLLYRIA.
556
cati07is, and
dr.
XX
of pepper,
calamine
xv
gr.
reduce
to
of
germander,
carrot, of
nard,
dr.
fine
of
vii.
clialcitis,
triturate
j;
dried
the
add
the
juice of
wild
powder.
Of
and
the
sometimes
of
othonna,
great celandine.
is the
sycosis, encanthis,
Another, for
when
and
iviJd carrot.
cresses,
othonna
The
equal parts.
dr.
wine,
T7ie
calamine^
of Celtic
clialcitis with
and
things and
other
Of
hypersarcoma.
[book
and
Attic
dr. iv ; of
Of
sarcoma.
roasted
j.
The
liquid collyrium panchrestus of Erasistratus, having
in complaints of the eyes, tonsils,pudenda,
wonderful
efficacy,
dr. vj ; of roasted
Of
and
misy, of
suppurated ears.
copper,
of
misy, dr. \^ ;
of
myrrh,
Chian
each,
dr.
and
of
wine,
all the
triturated
iij;
of
saffron,dr.
Cretan
of
must,
of
consistence
iss
honey,
sext.
of pepper,
until
di\
iss.
each, hemin.
wine
the
in
things
boil to the
and
must
copperas,
dry,
j ; of
Having
in
pour
the
honev.
earth, of
Agylutinantsfor defluxionsof the eyes. Of Samian
of frankincense, of myrrh, equal parts.
Adding to it
manna,
linen.
the white
of an
spread upon
egg, apply to the forehead
Another.
of
myrrh,
two
"
'
'
"
dr.
roasted
of
ij;
i.
e.
the
with
dr.
j;
of
white
of
the
an
collyrium
trunca, being expressive of
Cauda
It
and
to
fistulous
ob^dous, therefore,that
is
the
ulcers.
the
ancients
the
than
general signification
gives the following description of the
more
uns,
qiu
etoient
de
composes
t,r)ooKo\\ovoia,collyressees.
des
matieres
humides
les
ou
niemes
Les
used
the
ancient
oia
Le
collyria:
seches, eurent
autres,
x,
le
23.)
in
word
do.
moderns
eye,
Clerc
"
Les
de
nom
il n'entroit
que
collyres
liquides, s'appellerentvypoKoXXou'pu,
liquides. Les ingrediens des premieres, qui etoient
des poudres
des collyresentieres,etoient
que ceux
metalliques,de
de-gris, de
entroit
matieres
Coll.
(Med.
their
derivation
"
uterus,
from
word
prefersthe
shape. (Defin.]\Ied.) Blancard
from
KioXvh) and povq.
(Lexicon Medicum.)
that
Oribasius
states
applied to
collyria Avere
the
j;
yelks of
the
egg.
conical
to
dr.
opium,
of pollen,dr. iv
derives
Gorrseus
/coAojSj/
ovpo,
henbane,
saffron,dr. j ;
Mix
eggs.
of
seed
the
Commentary.
CoMM.
"
Of
"
aussi
ceruse,
de
chalcitis,de
des
pompholyx,
cadmia,
poudres
tirees
et
des
d'antimoine
autres
hrule,de
semblables.
plantes, quelques
vert-
II
sues
COLLYRIA.
XVI.]
SECT.
d'herbes, et
du
dc
sue
faisait
Ton
que
lorsqu'on vouloit
seulemcnt
exeraple, du
V
auimal,
autre
de
yeux
on
qui
ceux
Galen's
success
with
of
late,we
study
la
the
of
as
as
vinum
and
in ancient
for the
of
cure
them,
which
those
detail
med.
sec.
of
them
de
quelque
de
cela
un
dans
les
suffusion
of the
very
and
been
of the
that
an
of
vated
culti-
present
attentive
several
opium,
not
so
an
of his
that
the
original
powerful escharotics,
indicates
is arsenic
from
has
from
practice is
eye ?
iv
oculists
contain
Why
extraordinarj'^
eye
remarked
contain
taken
par
Notwithstanding
improvement
arsenic, which
mostly
de
ou
books
in
the
that
Celsus,
practice.
poudre
meilleur,
with
of the
in modern
complaints
is
le
locos.'
surgery
of
"
des
preaoit,
quelque
of
treated
It is to be
opii
IMany
Ou
faisait
Ou
foible,ou
of
still further
la
Comi
iii,ii,1.)
confident
are
formoit
quelques gouttes
vue
de
myrrh,
faisait de
estime
etoit
la Med.
the
books.
copper
boldness
which
well
invention.
of
avoient
comp.
derive
of these
as
collyria,
such
tomber
roses,
fenouil.
laissoit
'De
work
day might
use
de
sue
la
en
minuteness
and
oa
liquides.
accuracy
the
matieres
(Hist, de
coramen9ant."
The
du
et
dont
melange,
du
avec
aloes,de
on
Les
d'Attique, qui
miel
opohalsamnni,
dont
servir.
de
sajfra/i,des
ingrediens et
ces
secher, et
s'en
composes
feiiouil,do
dc
tneloit tous
On
du
coramc
gomaies,
chelidoine,et
I'opiam.
masses
quelques
557
Our
Galen,
gi-eat degree of
never
used
now
author's
account
is very
accurate
deserving of consideration.
As he states,
ocular remedies.
All the collyriaof Celsus
are
they consist principallyof soothing and refreshing medicines
and
variouslymixed.
Scribonius
Largus describes fullythe composition of collyria,
The
former
he divides into the soothing and the acrid.
which
consist of saffron,gum,
tragacanth, calamine, antimon}'-,
opium
latter contain
such
like.
The
and
the
ingredients as these,
burnt
copper,
and
galls.
]\Iyrepsusgives prescriptionsfor
possiblevarietyof chaiacter.
For
Antidot.
the
Arabian
vii,34.)
87
ocular
of
collyria,
every
PLASTERS.
558
SECT.
XVII.
ADDED
and
shells ;
kinds
are
WORKS
OF
of
and
stones
terrene,
as
metals,
inspissated
soluble,some
admit
the
lees,ashes, and
earth, as
are
which
medicines
are
vulnerary,and are
plasters themselves, some
bloody, agglutinative,and plasters for fractures, which
called
be
must
second
Such
myrrh, rosemary
until
do
they
composed
of
Such
burnt
are,
and
litharge,
^dne, ceruse,
boiled
not
the
stain.
desiccants, but
chalcitis,the
the
copper,
flower
formed
from
of burnt
birthwort, thapsia,old
opobalsam,
the
oil, and
of salt.
marrow,
old
The
emollient
wild
shells.
The
are
from
The
the
litharge,fats,
-mallows, and
of marsh
root
salts,and
burnt
desiccative
discutient
The
formed
oil,bee-glue, ammoniac,
cucumber.
ferri,verdigris,
moderately desiccative,such
the oil of radishes, honey,
are
mastich, turpentine,the
are
alum, gall,molybdsena,
pitch,turpentine, galbanum,
flower
hum,
seris and
copper,
and
They
cicatrizing
plastersare also
than
the
so
agglutinants.
The
squama
calefacient
the
of the metals.
most
more
the
ARE
Of
roots.
as
THE
those
are
tears, some
oily,some
liquidjuices; also a few
some
juices,some
of
Of
to oil.
wax
some
ingredientsof plasters,
some
FROM
THEM,
OF
WHICH
THINGS
THOSE
vii.
AND,
proportion of
the
the
are
BOILING
THE
TO
ANTYLUS,
On
AND
PLASTERS,
ON
[book
made
are
epispasticare
of
of
sulphur,
formed
from
composed
digestive are
amomum,
of
The
oil, dill,camomile,
dried
storax,
ceruse,
ladanum,
wax,
are
paregoric
to
be
are
starch, white
called)are
fats,verdigris. The
of
made
wax.
appliedwhen
incense,
calves,frankof
The
litharge,
bloody-
the wounds
PLASTERS.
XVII.]
SECT.
and
fractures
soaked
are
to
and
not
in
oxycrate
be
loosened
But
and
will
we
The
the
on
bound
the
in
day,
them,
the
pledgets,and
the
and
sponges
pledgets
same
disemollient, epispastic,
The
the
applied after
suppurative
agree
of extreme
cases
above
on,
third
are
suppiu'ative
cerates.
them
to be
are
co-operate with
to
cutient,and
and
recent, and
are
559
use
of
best
at
Of
the
pain.
cataplasms
the
mencement
com-
boiling of
afterwards.
speak
Of
basilicon.
plaster tetrapharmacon,
of
wax,
Colo-
of
axunge,
of
oil,lb. ij;
old
the
juice
the
a
the
of
be
bubbles
cease
of
litharge,of
in
of
seeds
plaster from
Of
pollen.
of
of
the
anchusa
of
the
being
are
boiled
melted
The
called
in the
The
axunge,
oil,are
of
of
each,
each,
litharge,lb. vj ;
ix; of fenugreek,
Of
lb.
lb.
of water,
xx
the
the
iij.
Boil
until
but
boil
oil,and
until
gated,
litharge finelylevi-
longer
no
stain.
ammoniac
of axunge,
fume,
perof
each,
s.
herbs.
seven
Of
dock,
fibres
thrown
of sordid
the
oil,
Onoclcan),
(Plantago major?),
of axunge,
kiny's-spears.
oil of roses,
oz.
ij;
lb.
but
away,
oz.
vj ;
breaking
of
Of
the
of oil of
of axunge,
leaven-plasterfor
of
iij.
The
herbs,
other
things
vj.
the
oil.
plaster from
of geese,
has
lb.
each,
j.
Colophonian
of
flour,of
fine
oil,of each,
of
Chserospelethos(itis
oil, lb. vj ;
in the
asphodel,lb. j ;
the
which
of
iij;
lb.
pine-rosin,of wax,
botanicon,or plasterfrom
oz.
sext.
lb. iv to
it,mix
The
each,
of
marsh-mallows,
in
j;
juice of linseed, q.
plantain
winter,
sprinkle with
gentle fire until it
of eacli, lb.
of
cense,
frankin-
of
j;
vj ;
oz.
ceruse,
wax,
honey,
then
boil at
iij; of the
ss
and
left,and
and
lb.
Of
vij,but
linseed, sext.
marsh-mallows
The
of
pollen,oz.
lb.
summer,
ss;
Httle
of
vj ;
lb. iiiss ; of
wax,
diachylon, or
oil,in
sext.
Colophonian rosin, of
of
Another.
The
xx
litharge,lb. j ;
linseed, oz.
plasterfrom honey.
lb. iv ; of
of
of
oz.
iv.
oz.
The
lb. iss ;
each,
of
of wax,
ing.
break-
salts,oz.
oz.
juice
of the
camomile,
iij;
abscesses.
iv;
of
of wax,
Of
of
oz.
of
root
the
fat
iv.
leaven,
pine-rosin, oz.
of
iij;
PLASTERS.
560
of wax,
of
ij;
oz.
The
honey,
of
aplironitrum,oz. j ;
of soap,
vj ;
oz.
of Alexandrian
j;
of
vj ;
lb.
of
ammoniac
swine's
seam,
j;
of old
The
plaster from
oil,oz.
natron,
lb.
Of
perfume,
lb.
ammoniac
of
vj ;
oz.
of wax,
ij;
ij;
turpentine,
of
\dnegar, q. s.
soapwort for discussingstrumous
;
sweUings..
ij;
of
ammoniac
of
vinegar
fume,
per-
aphronitrum,
of
Of
oz.
vir.
ij.
oz.
oz.
iv
oz.
[book
perfume,
oz.
iv ;
squills,sext.
iv ; of
gal-
of manna,
vj ;
of
for
the
trituration
Of
old
pine-rosin,oz.
xvj ;
of
the
powders.
The
red
litharge,of
called
vinegar, q.
until
it
T/ie
of
bulFs
add
then
Colophouian rosin,
iv
oz.
garliccleansed, xx
The
j;
of
copperas,
of
of
the
of
oil,sext.
and
it away,
oil,throw
mix
plaster from
discutient
ss.
oz.
verdigrisin
Of
of
oil
other
things.
Of
the
oz.
of
iij;
heads
boiled
apyranon.
j;
wax,
the
Having
the
of
things.
iss
oz.
the
pine-rosin,oz.
yellow natron,
of
of
iv;
oz.
iv
oz.
each,
other
the
of
lye of figs
galbanum, of
lb.
opoponax,
iss
the
suet,
in the
iij;
oz.
lithargeand
the
stain, and
to
cease
each,
oil,lb.
of
ammoniac,
rosin, of each,
of
Boil
s.
sal
verdigris,of
of
vj ;
oz.
wax,
vj ;
of
perfume,
ammoniac
of
natron,
protostacton,
abscesses.
for
smilium
plaster
the
of
garlic
fat of geese
of
of
turpentine,oz. j. Having
macerate
and
in
the
and
day
mixing
The
the
soluble
ij;
wine,
sext.
vj ;
bark
rosin, of each,
old
and
oil, lb.
sifted,lb.
of
lb.
of
v.
with
hardness
palm-nuts,
of fenugreek, of
of melilot, of the
fleawort
substances
wheat-plaster for
of
the
and
and
linseed, of
of
palms,
of wax,
of
juice
sext
each,
of
of
night
and
away,
oz.
dates,
ss
vj ;
of
ceruse,
dried
the
pieces,
swellings.
turpentine,of
them
Nicolan
each,
of
small
nettle-seed
scirrhous
of
or
into
oil,dissolve.
the
litharge,lb. j ;
ij;
root
then
marsh-mallows,
lb.
the
oil with
divided
bread
herbs
is
of
of
Of
each,
camomile,
of Amiusean
Colophonian
each,
lb.
broken
extracted
of
j;
down
by
PLASTERS.
XVII.]
SECT.
afterwards
stain ;
from
and
the
these
are
salt,of each,
\'j;
j.
oz.
turpentine,lb.
of
added,
then
of
and
the
dross
like.
Of
added.
things are
and
dross
the
of the
wax,
of
it
to
ceases
the
each,
flower
of
vj ;
of
oz.
of silver,for
fat of
water,
Being removed
strongly. To
stirred
iris,of birthwort,
day
the
on
in the
scraped verdigris,of
The
it ;
until
boiled
and
is added
bread
in
triturated
are
ceruse
other
the
fire,the
is soaked
bread
oil is added
the
then
561
tions
excoria-
bulls,of each,
of
oz.
v;
iv ; of
The
of
silver,oz.
plaster kissinon,or
ivy plaster,for
Of
especiallychronic.
pmictures,
of
frankincense, oz. j ;
misy, oz.
red
iss ;
wounded
ivss ;
oz.
squama,
of
and
nerves
dr.
chalcitis,
iv ;
of
of
until consumed,
sun
vinegar,vj. Triturate in the summer
when
having dissolved,of wax, oz. viij;of oil,oz. xviij('^deest
if a nerve
divided
and
mix.
But
be
laid bare,
aliquid'')
;
instead
of the galbanum, add of turpentine,oz. ij.
and
The melanchlorus, for the same
for bleeding
purposes,
Of pomegranate
of galls,of
wounds.
of
burnt
rind,
copper,
round
of
birthAvort,
sal
ammoniac,
seris,of
of squama
fissile and
the round), of
instead of the liquiduse
liquidalum (but some
iris,of misy, of copperas, of chalcitis,of scraped verdigris,of
calamine,
of
aloes, of myrrh,
all-heal,of litharge,of
triturated in the
for
into
oil,oz.
oz.
vj ;
be
old, but
III.
during
the
of
frankincense, of
equal parts.
ceruse,
sufficient number
It is made
of
sun
of
season
days, and
of
the
of
All
formed
root
Avhich
with
summei",
otherwise
the
into
oz.
of
are
gar
vine-
trochisks.
ij;
the
common.
36
of wax,
oil is to
PLASTERS.
o62
plaster from
The
lb.
the
Of
groundsel.
of
oil
iss ; of
oil, lb.
old
of
ij;
[book
of
juice
the
of the
consistence
pitchof
the
with
galbanum
sprinkleit.
with
part of
the oil
j)lasterof
discutient
lb.
each,
of
oz.
ix;
scr.
iiiss.
iss
of buccina
turpentine,
j, oz.
of
ammoniac
plaster
lb.
The
oz.
of
the
iij;
\] ;
of
oz.
x.
wax,
iij,
oz.
Of
of
wax,
rosin, of each,
culus,
dracun-
of
root
is
triturated
iss ; of
It
of
wax,
sprinkled,
of
Colophonian rosin,
henbane,
of
iiss ; of
and
of
the
or
juice
lb. iiss ; of
wax,
Colophonian rosin,
oz.
answers
washed,
wine,
eggs.
of
Colophonian rosin,
each,
lead, burnt
of
Avhites
oz.
xxv
yellow
Of
emplastnim myrsinatum.
q.
Of
of ceruse,
of
litharge,
each,
oz.
j;
s.
white
wax,
ij;
oz.
of
oz.
^j ;
starch,
eggs.
Oribasius.
plaster Parygron, of
ceruse,
oz.
discutieut.
more
oil,lb. iss
rose
The
is
lb.
axunge,
of sandy x, of
oz,
of
of the
Alexandria,
myrtle oil,lb. j ;
plasterfrom ceruse, or from
of wax,
sea-water,
axunge,
leaves
in
But
of
ij;
Of
tender
the
of
myrtle plaster, or
of ceruse,
affections.Of
pitch, of
Psittacion.
called
seam,
This
The
of
root
X.
litharge,lb. ij;
things dissolved.
other
henbane,
lb.
The
V.
of swine's
of
of
axunge,
dragon-herb
or
T7te
of
frankincense,
lb. iv
Avith the
mixed.
things be
viiss ; of
of
vj ;
oz.
dried
lb.
strained,
same
oz.
Colophonian rosin, of
;
if the
let it be
of
; of
burnt,
dracunculus,
plaster from
The
lb.
iss ; of ceruse,
oil,lb.
the
plaster, for
Ariobarzanian
litharge,oz.
of old
tlie
beat
lb. iv.
of fine wax,
TJie
swine's
it,weigh
was,
x] ;
strained
and
Of
Mnasceus.
oz.
And
pot.
of
juiceto
privet;
then
of
j;
with
triturated
be
dissolved,and
baths,
triturated
it cannot
If
it into
put
shipsbe dry,having
the
and
The
and
wax,
ss
of wax,
the
oil of
with
powders
old
of
medicine
the
oil with
oil in
the
of
sordes
the
triturate
and
seam,
Boil the
xiv.
pitch of ships,oz.
old
of the
groundsel,
privet, oz. iv ;
of galbanum, oz.
j ; of turpentine,oz. j ;
of frankincense, of
pine rosin,oz, \] ; of verdigris,
of each, oz. j ; of squama
seris,scr. viij;
oesypura,
lb.
axunge,
vii.
oz.
wax,
ix
of
Of
iv ; of swine's
the
admirably
litharge,oz.
seam,
oz.
iss ;
\\} ; of
fissures
of
tlie heels.
PLASTERS.
564
The
plaster
Of
spreading sores.
oxymel, for
from
coracon
[book
galls,oz.
ij;
of
made
having
and
of
sufficient number
separatelya
of the
of
seam
bulls, oz.
triturate
j ; having mixed,
paper, both by means
oz.
by
of
mix
oz.
oz.
ijof myrtle
or
iv ; of
oz.
and
together,
iij; of
oz.
But
v.
oil,
rose
turpentine,
from
and
extractingpus
Of
oil.
iss ; of wax,
oz.
of
litharge,p. j ;
it iij.
make
vinegar, of each, p. ij,some
and
The plaster from agate, being discutient
of
of
Ainegar
like that
use
for
iss ;
with
honey,
of wax,
instrument
an
of
and
pledget.
The
oz.
oil,
emollient.
; of roasted
Of
rosin,
j.
oil,oz.
The
native, and
Of
cathartic.
birthwort,
round
perfume,
dr.
galbanum,
dr.
viij;
oz.
iij;
dr.
of
of
of
of
the
lb.
wax,
dr.
of
viij;
xij;
squama
each,
of
salts,dr. viij;
ammoniac
vinegar, q.
burnt
copper,
of
of
fissile
alum,
dr.
of
dr.
viij;
frankincense,
myrrh,
juice
dr.
of
of
xij;
the
of
Of
nerves.
round
and
misy, of
pomegranate
of
peris,
squama
of
copperas,
of
root
of each,
j;
oz.
rosin, dr.
of wax,
of
of
dracunculus,
of
old
oil,
rind,
of
burnt
of sal
ammoniac,
fissile alum
of
copper,
galls,of
of ammoniac
of
and
wounded
fume
per-
of
round,
iris,of
of calamine,
chalcitis,of scraped verdigris,
of
aloes,of myrrh,
niac
ammo-
s.
long birthwort,
of
;
vj ;
of
j;
viij;
seris,of
and
plaster Athena, for foul ulcers,infarctions,
The
of
viij;
Triturate
j.
from
cerate
pudendum
seris,oz.
squama
then
days ;
the
vit.
frankincense,
dr.
oil,oz.
cc
of
vj ;
of
of
bee
glue, of galbanum,
pitch,dr.
vinegar, q.
cc
of
Colophonian
s.
TTie
and
iss ;
of
burnt
galbanum,
glue,
boiled
oflfthe
oz.
of
ij;
with
aloes,oz. iij;
of
the
fire,we
boil until it
iss ; of
oz.
copper,
cease
common
of ammoniac
to
to
oz,
wax,
litharge,until
are
iss ; of
oz.
add
stain
it
the
;
and
perfume,
viss.
cease
of manna,
oz.
vj ;
oil must
The
to stain.
verdigrisand
dittany,of
again taking
of bee
first be
Then
squama,
of
taking it
and
it off the
again
fire,add
PLASTERS.
SECT.
XVII.]
the
rosiiijthe
and
place
and
copper
fire,and
the
and
diphryges
the
common
bee
glue, and
and
gentian,
and
wax,
after
to
are
stir until
sifted,and
ammoniac
it at
565
it boils but
when
boil
it
little add
; then
stain,put
to
cease
boiling;
cease
until it thicken
again
boiling until
little the
it
add
in the
dittany,birthwort,
aloes, manna,
be
the
but
little cooled.
The
and
Barbaric
callus
formation of
in
Of
fractures.
Judsean
asphaltos, of
turpentine, oz. ij;
oz.
ij; of opo-
when
empyema
verdigris,of
lb.
of
"vj;
oz.
galls,of
lb.
of
vinegar^ q.
of
of
asphaltos,
oz.
roses,
add
Some
s.
round,
pine-rosin,lb. ij;
oil of
of the
of
vj ;
oz.
and
chalcitis,of
and
of
ij;
rind,
pomegranate
of
misy,
fissile alum
of wax,
vj ;
oz.
Of
chest.
sinuses.
oz.
iss
of
each,
each,
the
s.
also of
iv
tine,
turpen-
ix.
oz.
The
of
to
of copperas,
of
each,
of
ceruse,
of
melanteria,
of
applied
the
for promoting
of
j;
of
of fissile and
long
of
of
and
round
agglutinant
scraped verdigris,
of
an
round
alum,
of
birthwort,
copperas,
of
j;
oz.
iss
litharge,oz.
oz.
iv
aeris,oz.
squama
and
of
oz.
iv ; of
oz.
j;
of
chamseleon,
oz.
j;
of
white
oz.
j;
of
hellebore, oz.
the
j;
calamine
called
racemosa,
of
hog^s-fennel,oz. iij; of
comfrey, oz. iss ; of ceruse,
old
oil,lb. j ;
q.
The
and
of
storax,
oz.
j;
of
oz.
opoponax,
iss ;
of vinegar,
s.
Icesian
ischiatic
Of
litharge,dr.
cxx
of
old
oil,sext. ij;
PLASTERS.
566
of
\dnegar, sext. j ;
of
[book
iss ;
verdigris,dr.
of
the
bark
vii.
of
the
of
dr.
xA-j
;
dr.
xvj ; of wax,
oil,lb.
old
frankincense,
of
TTie much-used
lb.
of wax,
of
emplastrum
It is
Galen.
of
ulcers,with
acrid
most
vinegar,
digestiveand
lb.
consistence
the
old
of oil of
plaster from
ij; of
rosin, oz.
vinegar,
The
of
of
oz.
ij;
in the
of
oil until
The
vij;
iiss ;
of
it
to
cease
melinum
lb.
Of
of ammoniac
add
to
stain,then
emplastrum
answering
of frankincense,
ii'is,
dr.
of
natron,
stavesacre, of the
of cyperus,
of
tallic
me-
Colophonian
of
oil,oz.
xv
of
seed
sal
add
the
the
other
metals
frankincense.
litharge,lb. j ;
iiiss ;
the
iv ;
cense,
frankin-
of
j;
Boil
the
Of
oz.
Boil
of
galbanum,
oz.
lithargewith
of
of
vij;
of
the
oil
things.
seed
of
of
each,
ammoniac,
of
Of
ivith distortions.
of rosemary,
pigeon's dung,
of the
chalcitis,oz.
Colophonian rosin,
iss.
of dried
mustard,
the
the
moving
discutient,reanicetum, being agglutinative,
scales,and
chal-
vinegar.
of misy, oz. ij;
j;
vinegar,lb. j.
perfume,
until
The
add
of
oz.
copper,
of Serapion.
of
cease
j;
iij;
of wax,
stain,then
then
with
days
of burnt
oil,lb. j ;
emplastrum
oz.
seris,of
the
lithargewith
the
;
of
s.
seris,
oz.
oz.
XX
Boil
frankincense, oz.
galbanum,
oil,lb. iv,
squama
chalcitis,oz.
iss
acera-
the
old
black
many
Of
metals.
emplastrum
ssj
suppuration of
spread npon a pledget.
lees in baths
for
pitch,dr. ij;
turpentine,lb.
vinegar,sext. iss.
or
wax,
of
myrrh,
of
of
ij;
of
dried
squama
wax,
q.
Of
ij.
perfume,
of manna,
ricinus,or
of the
seris,
oz.
iij;
of squama
pelHtory,
ammoniac
oil,Avhen
oz.
substances, triturated
The
of
promotes
of the
ij;
of
xvj ;
jjains offleshyparts.
perfume, oz. j ;
ricini and
oleum
litharge,lb. iij;
Of
all
oxyrum.
oz.
galbanum, oz. ij; of manna,
The
agglutinativeplaster without
tum
of
and
of
of ammoniac
j;
blows
litharge,lb. j ;
iv ; of galbanum,
oz.
each, oz. j.
of ceruse,
;
oz.
iss
dr.
ehcampane,
iij.
The
Of
lb.
of
dr. Ix ;
dr.
of the
birthwort,
of
rocket, of each,
xx
bay-berries,
of burnt
of
pellitory,of
granum
cumin,
dr.
copper,
viij;
Cnidium,
of
of
verdigris,
of
vinegar,
liemin.
the
of
Triturate
xii.
is
vinegar
dried
dry.
and
ix
of
flour of
plaster from
the
of
dog-days
form
darnel,
of
j;
and
vinegar,
oil,oz.
ij.
pine-rosin,
strained
men,
bitu-
vinegar,q.
juice of mulberry-tree.
the
of
of
iij;
sext.
of
ij;
decoction
ij,with
oz.
wax,
until
trochisks
trochisks,oz.
Of
v
oz.
wax,
of the
ij;
oz.
of the
darnel.
plaster from
of
of tlie thickest
add,
iij; of Tuscan
rosin, oz.
ix ; of Tuscan
heat
having mixed,
using it,triturate
mix,
The
then
and
567
the
during
consumed,
figs,oz,
In
The
oz.
PLASTERS.
XVII.]
SECT.
Of
s.
litharge,of
dried
The
old
very
juice of the
hemin.
mora,
of
or
oil,hemin.
mulberry,
the
fruit of which
alum,
of
plaster, or
ammoniac
dichromos.
perfume,
lb.
Indian
of
wax,
roasted
liquidZacynthian bitumen,
of
misy, of melanteria,
omphacitis,of the rind
The
gout.
each,
of
of
of
Of
burnt
each,
swine's
of
rosin, of
each, lb. j ;
of fissile and
of the
aster from
2^1
Of
the ashes
turpentine,of
syco-
coppcj*,
j;
oz.
ulcers
of
each,
of
and
the
chalcitis,
of the
alum,
of
j;
pitch, of
of ceruse,
of round
of wax,
lb.
scam,
dried
pomegranate,
gall
vj ;
oz.
dj". ccclx
of wax,
of the
dr. cxl ; of
medicine
old
of
bay-berries,of
fat of
calves,of
of
cooled.
have
some
an
of Judsean
stone,
of
It
to
of
perfume,
cxl;
the
aversion
and
bitumen,
ammoniac
each,
dr.
each,
oil,hemin.
when
ashes, because
Asian
j;
s.
aphronitrum,
asps,
is called
hmnoptysis.
vinegar, q.
liquid pitch,hemin.
j.
double-coloured
fissile
of
j;
them,
ashes
ashes
of
upon
without
the
it is
less
and
no
efficacious.
The
desiccative
Of
ammoniac
dr.
viij;
rosin,dr.
discutient
plaster,called
perfume, of plumbago,
of
c
and
the
of
root
; of squama
of
the root
dr.
pellitory,dr.
oil, hemin.
viij;
of
dr.
chamaeleon,
of
ajris,
old
each,
viij;
of
lemta
dr.
xvj ;
of
or
of
lioness.
mustard,
Colophonian
of
j;
and
of
the
oil of
PLASTERS.
568
radishes, q.
s.
humours.
Of
Another.
"
Macedonian
pitch,of
melted
the
The
bulls, of
of
removed
and
them
Berenicarian
melted
oil,hemin.
of
wax,
of
oil,oz.
of water
add
of
the
vj,with
stir with
j, and
the
each,
Of
and
ij of
oz.
also of
rose-oil,oz.
of inflammation
by judicial
tvhich
In
of the
cooled, bruize
medicine,
both
ochre,
Attic
ochre,
lb.
those
of
ij;
with
wine, of
j ; of litharge,oz. viij. Triturate
Colophonian rosin, of pitch,of pine rosin, of each,
turpentine,oz. viij; of oil,lb. ij. It is dissolved thus:
of old
j;
The
oil,lb. iij;
plaster from
Of
detergent.
rosin,
Having
Another
of
oz.
melted
rosin, dr.
The
lb.
wine,
lb.
medicine,
Bruise
j.
of dried
wax,
viij;
of
pitch,of each,
cedar
rosin
together,
emollient
plaster.
rosin, dr.
boil until
Of
copper,
of
wax,
vj ;
lb.
of
j;
the
Cimolian
pledget, and
of
a
of
wax,
lb.
j;
of
of wax,
with
of
j;
wine.
nian
Colophovj.
stain.
to
cease
of
pumice
squama
earth,
sponge
out
of
burnt
and
stomomatis,
viij;
cedar
dr.
each,
of water
is
v.
of wax,
Cyrenaic
pledget.
or
of
Of
myrtle oil,
extinguished in
dr.
It
of
vj ;
is put
and
juice,dr.
x.
upon
lb.
buboes.
It is
Of
j.
roasted
Median
burnt
applied above.
chalk,
juniper?), oz.
they
The
oz.
sioned
occa-
xx.
of
dr.
those
of
wax,
; of
xxv
(gum
lb.
cicatrizing
plaster from pumice-stone.
ij;
ix
and
cedria, being agglutinative,disc^itient,
them
Colophonian
of the
oz,
for
lb.
lb.
the
using,
with
spontaneously, and
Of
of
iij.
occur
torture.
of
iss ;
Pour
balls.
add,
incense.
frank-
ceruse,
j.
oz.
small
and
wax,
When
spatula.
form
iij;
Having
oz.
wax,
oil, of each,
rose
dry
of
iij;
oz.
oz.
Colophonian rosin, of
fire,sprinkle the
anti-inflammatory jjlasterfrom
The
bore,
helle-
ij.
equal parts.
rosemary,
from
of
natron,
things upon
melt,
cases
of black
litharge, of quicklime,
oz.
Of
plaster.
suet
of
rosin,lb, j ;
vii.
alteringand evacuating
The
lesena for
oz.
copperas,
of cantharides^
of wax,
The
[book
natron,
dr. iss ;
applied,diluted,upon
plaster from
The
(" the
white
of
iv;
oz.
The
tions
of
PLASTERS.
XVII.]
SECT,
rosin, oz.
of
of
olives,of
abscesses.
Of
Another
lb.
oz.
simple
; of
j
scraped
vinegar, q. s.
Another
verdigris,lb.
plaster for
green
of
ij;
Tlie
plaster from
; of
oz.
of birth-
unripe
of
iij;
wax,
frankincense,
dr. xxv;
and
ulcers.
fungous
of
Of
iss ; of wax,
of vinegar,
ij;
oil,oz.
rose
of
rue,
Of
xv
turpentine,oz. xv ; of the
oz.
iij; of galbanum,
opoponax,
of
rue,
green
medicine
of
iij;
oz.
dill,lb. j.
The
jAaster from
Of
complaints.
lime
lb.
cesypum,
oil of
galbanura,
oil of
scraped verdigris,
oz.
Cappadocian salts,oz. j ;
oil,
s.
q.
lb.
of the
rosin,
humid
of
vj ;
; of
ss
of
perfume,
wax,
Of
plaster.
green
Coloplionianrosin, oz.
oz.
ammoniac
of
diseases,infarC'
opoponax,
j ; of turpentine,of
vij.
oz.
each,
ischiatic
for
Mort, of each,
its nails
flowers"),oz.
vss;
joints,and
stripped of
anemone
plaster of Machcerion
green
the
Of
anemone.
of its
parts
569
with
roasted
lye,for ischiatic,arthritic,and
wax,
other
some
of
rosin,
of old
of lixivial ashes
sort
Alexandrian
turpentine, of each,
Triturate
white
the
of
mixture
''),of each,
of
natron,
vj.
oz.
(edematous
lb.
of
j;
of
natron,
the
with
natron
ashes.
The
Of
lb.
j;
vinegar,
salts,of natron,
vj ;
old
oz.
of
sea-
of
each,
trituration.
iv ;
oz.
iv ;
oz.
wax,
aphronitrum, oz.
the
water, q.
or
bacon,
of
goat^s milk,
j ; of the marrow
iij; of the oil
The
of
soap,
swellings.
ashes, of each,
"
of
Otherwise.
of wax,
of
old
plaster from
of
viij;
oz.
Of
of
common
oil, of
each,
s.
ammoniac
of bulFs
of
moniac
am-
oil, lb. j ;
iv ; of ceruse,
swine's
cow^s
lb.
iv ; of
ij, for
oz.
Of
salts.
plaster from
salts,oz.
The
scirrhous
common
oz.
aphronitrum, of
of
wax,
and
of
The
of
oil,of
abscesses
perfume,
fat, of
dragon's
the
the
old
cheese
blood
fat of
of
of
^'iij
; of the cerate
vj : of Egyptian wine,
stags, oz.
privet,oz.
the
of
Of
ocsypum,
q.
[cinnabaris),
for tophi
s.
and
all
TMSTERS.
.570
scirrhous
other
lb.
of
j;
magnet,
oil,
of
j;
oz.
copper,
It is called
swellings.
old
j ; of squama
sauguis draconis,
Phrygian
Of
jjmnpathes.
seris,oz.
sext.
of
j;
oz.
[book
dr.
stone,
litharge,
of
j;
of
xviij;
scr.
burnt
living
the
of
vj ;
vii.
stone
of
j;
oz.
stone
betony,
round
j,
oz.
birth
dittany,scr.
ostrich,lb. j.
of
flower
The
Of
A'ial ashes
of
the
filberts,
of
protostacton ("
"), oz.
vj ;
of
vj ;
of old
oz.
On
admirable
the
fifth
of
ground
anodyne
day
of the
common
it
blood
of the
consistence,
of
the
cerate
linen
consistence
lixi-
ij;
of
iv
of
of
pot under
of vine, and
j;
will be
be
and
of the
iv, and
oz.
boil
then, having
sufficient
to
give it
tender, which,
very
apply.
of
litharge,lb. ij;
a
lees
the
Of
things for
of
lb.
toasted
or
may
rag,
iv ; of
all the
what
wax
oz.
the
wood
the
madaniuda,
dissolved
the urine
sext.
triturated
Having
to
mule,
of
the
plasterfrom
male
fish be
that
so
call
some
sumed.
con-
oz.
wax.
put into
March,
sea-fish
be
of
the
torpedo,
of oil and
strained, add
of
of
the
the
protostacton.
from
of
of
some
gallicsoap,
eggs
the
cerate
j;
oz.
filberts,oz.
with
flesh of the
the
with
month
which
mole,
six
of
with
lime
oil,sext. ij,boil
boils,add
when
until
of
fat
whole
the
part of
oil,lb. j ;
the
of
efficacy,
for tophi of
of
inner
the
and
litharge,adding
until
tried
of
j;
the
mixture
oz.
An
with
stones
long
chamceleon,
lb.
rosin,
of
j;
oz.
black
the
aphronitrum,
honey,
gentian,
dried
Triturate
plaster from
joints.
iv ;
of
xij;
of
the
dr.
worth,
of
viij;
scr.
of old
long
of
time
baths,
the urine
oil,one
until
mina.
they
boil till it
come
be-
cease
stain.
The
pA aster from
the
scirrhus.
Of
stone,
if it is not
or,
of uuscoured
pumice-stone,
the
wool
of
root
flower of Asian
for
stone, of Philagrius,
of
of
at
hog's fennel,
hand,
of
biu'nt, of each,
dog's dung,
of
salts,of
the
flower
ammoniac
of
Asian
perfume,
j ; of round bii'thwort,of
scraped verdigris,of squama
oz.
PLASTERS.
572
The
Of
preparation of
melilot^
iv ;
oz.
and
Httle
Colophonian rosin,oz.
of wax,
the
others.
the
wine
oz.
with
of
but
make
of
of
in
if, as
plaster,then
atmosphere be of
of the
more
atmosphere
for in this
of
mix
the
case
four
parts
wish
the
be
should
wax
the
twelfth
will mix
you
when
be
of
part
xj
on
of
the
with
dried
time
of
there
ments
oint-
oil to the
soft cerate,
But
the
form
if the
wax,
if the
be
must
be
wax
little
is soft and
wax
the
the
each
middle,
xiijoz.
or
of
wise
like-
prepare
oil with
the
a
to
the medicine
temperature.
wax;
add
the
at
make
to
give
equal parts
of the
add
mentioned.
things as
oil than
pinon,
iij
oz.
oz.
wish
to
then
Some
If you
add
wish
moderate
warm,
other
Acopa,
we
call
they
days, boil
wine,
and
x.
wool,
j, and boil
wine, and having
in
fractures, you
we
little should
This
wool
the
the
remain,
hyssop,
to oil.
AYhen
dry, and
herb
the
wax
called
those
or
of the
clean
with
vji.
cesypum.
uuscoured
for three
turpentine,oz.
it,oz. iij,and
it double.
old
of
wiue
wine
liquid
of
filtrated mix
sordes,which
mixture
the
like
wax
the
ijof
of the
and
X,
Others
using, add
On
the
ij;
oz.
in sext.
having
boil until
oil,and
cardamom,
macerated
vj : having
oz.
called
medicine
the
of
[book
side
of
of the
oil to
the
oil.
pound
wax.
From
which
the ivorks
of
those medicines
the
In
Litharge.
"
ing
boil-
triturated
it is to
be
but
the
boilingof
the
on
ingredients of plasters.
the
are
of Antyllus,
the
boiled
at
it swells
first,then,
it becomes
its
of
measure
longer
only
when
it
of
The
to
is not
to
be
is half boiled
is
put
The
the
when
the
the
in, is Avhen
measiu'e
sori
is
to
of the
be
boiled
in
when
it
but
ciently,
suffi-
and
it
no
similar
boiling of
changes from
Burnt
At
attained
of the
it is not
copper
in
fiery
boihng
when
the
plaster
boiling,unless
its colour
and
It has
swelling subsides,
strongly florid.
of the
nearly boiled
colour.
measure
stain,but
measure
when
feculent
more
but
but
in at the commencement,
only
put
plasteryellow ;
boiling.
to
ceases
bubbles
molybdsena
yellow and
colour
the
and
litharge;
to
gentle fire,stirringincessantly.
boiling
stains.
manner
the
medicines,
small
and
tity
quanrenders
predominates
diphiyges are put in during
boiling of the diphryges, like
the
the
PLASTERS.
XVII.]
SECT.
squama,
is to be
the
sori,there
to
make
to
one,
stain.
degree
is
boiled
when
plaster;
the
plasterof
and
which
if not
the
middle
for
end,
but
more,
of
it is added
boiled
green
plastersafter
the
to
those
of
is half
it puts
the
on
double
apple
added
the
middle
blackens
at
for the
shells
are
not
Of
Rosaceura
but
less
in
the
in
some
those
the
at the
All
The
tlie
Irinum
added
earths
at
and
stones
Oil, if
added
the
Other
added
bears
others, none
the
to
the
middle
boiling,the
at
all.
The
gris
verdi-
boiling is
double
the
is added
of its
added
at
it
added
at
end.
Burnt
plaster
be
the
ment
commence-
added
fatty substances
at
boilingof
the
at
oil,therefore,is
the
are
are
at
pompholjrx
the
end,
have
to
measure
natron
the
it
boiling,
alum
and
and
the preparation
the
calamine
end;
to the
with
boil
by
it is not
are
is no
still
for
mixed
yellow ;
be
them
vinegar,
when
salts and
end.
to
the
with
must
pumice-stone, too,
consistence.
plastersat
which
becomes
boiling;sulphur
part
the
cases,
are
are
at
commencement;
the
;
boiling,
is put in
verdigrisis
douJile colour, we
is added
salt,are
ointments,
the
commencement,
things
on
and
acquired
contain
other
first puts
at
rosin
boiling.
colour
acquiring consistence.
it has
the
; for
plasters.
most
is like
of
whitens
triturated
being
the
added
to
blacker
commencement
of the
the
deeper
sandarach
white
and
at the
after the
boiling;vermilion
are
of
copper
and
most
of
of
lead
into
boiling; and,
and
and
burnt
colour
black
all,but
boiled
persevered in, it
for the
the
mortar,
immediately
end
the
appearance,
appearance,
middle
not
measure
measure
put
their
apple colour
an
of
it ; arsenic
is
ceruse
to
at
pot
in the
remaining
flower
in the
boiling;
it becomes
more
into
the
it preserves
being
put
the
plaster
common
regard to
boiling;
thus
the
The
is added
?)
with
end
of the
it renders
it does
that
and
common
particular measure
at
like copper,
regard
the
except
consistence
With
it
plasterblack
added
such
is boiled
vitriol
Copperas (blue
and
particularmeasure,
no
to
predominates.
ruddy colour.
regulated by the
more
and
copper,
its colour
chalcitis
and
yellow
is
the
The
it is the
when
573
of the
which
from
after
do
boiling.
Cyprinum and
ingredients are.
PLASTERS.
574
aclcled at the
therefore, to
be
boiled
by itself,for
alone
liquidpitch,for it
oil or oily matters
pure
pitch,previouslyboiled
added.
be
to
are
before
quantity is
but
to
of the
used.
and
swell.
separated by
plasterwhen
method
The
former
the
weight
because
be
and
boiled.
But
if the
the
then, being
cooled
be
does
not
the
I,
the
in the
oil.
second
boiled
it is not
be
to
by
gated,
levi-
have
Timocrates,
says
is to
ceeded
suc-
wine
but
If
vinegar.
it is to
be
that
boil.
may
it
not
fistulee
requiresbut
soft
it is to be
strumse,
or
with
the
Opoponax
very
with
plaster(such
triturated
to
the
sprinkled
triturated
if for
added
be
be
wax
of
be
should
wounds,
the
middle
fresh
it be
levigated,it is to
they
the
if not, it may
plasterfor
vinegar or
about
the
wax,
with
pounded
levigated,it
but
if it be
be
added
be
can
ingredient,common
an
is
fundament),
as
water
other
it does
that
softened
mortar, and
plaster
sprinkled
after
after
the
when
not
and
stain,it
is added
much
little boiling;
added.
it becomes
is to be
taken
but
Sagapenum
tender
off the
is
it
fire,
pounded
it is softened
from
the
fire.
being removed
boiling. Poppy-juice is macerated
things
it is to be
a
the
ammoniac
consistence
and
with
is to be softened
Bee-glue (propolis)
boiling,it is not entirelyincorporated.
powder,
with
means
must
with
later than
sprinkled upon
(asphaltos)is
But
it bubble.
it
but
liquid;
when
is
is dissolved
Bitumen
galbanum,
if
of
state
triturated
in
the
But
for
it ceases
vinegar,when
triturated
and
ships,when
Ammoniac
boiling.
those
small
very
things. The
acquiring consistence;
correct, because
more
liquid,
with
soft,it
plasterreceives,as
glue, like
all
lest
For, by
added.
by
The
wax.
boilingit in oil.
by
some
if
things which
all other
its
commencement.
broken
stirringit
in the
boiled
and
it contains
therefore, to
and
before
to
rosin
to
or
other
with
is not
liquid rosin
unless
by itself,
liquidis
preserved.
at the
metals,
vir.
it is added
But
its recrements,
but
Wax
with
with
pitch of
is the
is not
Ijeingadded
bee-
the
from
boiled;
the
is added
boiled
The
sieve
neither
with
is added
boilingof
boiling.
disunited.
rosin
Pitch
tlie
thickened
if
dry especially,
bubble
not
and
of
burns,
boiled
things,is
of the
measure
it
Dried
all other
end
remains
nor
[book
with
Aloe
for
is
one
day
in
tliis state
last,or
is
PLASTERS.
xvii.]
SECT,
the
is then
levigatedin
plasteris ponred
with
triturated
57.")
Thapsia is sprinkled
Bdellium
being levigated,
is
like
pounded
and
softened
and
manna
with
is
the
None
but
the
mortar,
fire
the
plasterafter the
of the
form
other
of the
things
of
be
to
plaster,
boiling,becoming
herbs
while
the
boiling
endure
remain
them
upon
wine, if
or
can
they
poured
are
is
if it
boiling. Frankincense
end
levigated, and
but
le\dgated,it
into
the
the
when
from
little
plasteradmit
over.
made
sprinkled at
are
glutinous, with
the
and
sagapen,
in
it.
npon
fluid.
some
mortar, and
in
ing
boilin
the
of
state
solution.
Commentary.
Celsus
given by
hoe
modo
mixtis
The
fit :
ad
liquaripossunt,
debet,
quod
oleo
rursus
infunditur
tum
of 28
The
that
great length
even
detail
and
author,
and
copious :
the
certain
dr. v;
he
of
his work
Med.
to
him.
indebted
regarding
need
theirs
not
is thus
honey,
dr.
are
Galen
by
ali
to
at
the
so
attempt
accuracy
inconceivable.
emplastra
of
See
Our
genera.)
see.
olei
quid
composition
His
Galen
of
by
very
and
same
of
the
Mesne,
but
as
in that
of
remedy
in
formulae.
is still celebrated
described
xiv
by
nearly the
give their
^Ei/yptiacum, which
of
vero
Haly Abbas
(Pract. x, 18) ; INIesue (Do
Myrepsus (" x.) Myrepsus, as usual, is
for 199 plastei's.
gives formuhc
ingredients of
cases
ea
aridum
question
them.
(De
si
the
of
almost
are
autlior,we
The
of
out
minuti^
information
also
see
Unguentis);
The
to
treated
of the
account
usual, is much
as
ancients,
quite
his
books
further
For
of
attention
first four
plasters is
it is
abstract
an
most
of
composition
etiam
describes
pinguis
non
liquantur,et
He
prius coquitur."
plasters,(v, 19.)
ex
'
deindc
teruntur
eo
interdum
alius
quis
ex
simul
ignem
teruntur
se
si
aut
Comm,
"
per
acetum,
ea
general directions
plasters:
Emplastrum
of
medicamenta
ant
the
are
formation
est, et
misceri
our
arida
accessurus
quffi
as
the
his iustillatur
humor
the
for
following
Mesne
acrid
"
as
Take
of
vinegar,dr.
verdigris,
vij: boil
"
PLASTERS.
576
to
CoMM.
'
"
"
consistence.
proper
Some
[book
add
also
vii.
frankincense.'^
The
following
itch
an
An
the
to
it.
We
ointment
an
of
boiled
bay-tree
added
Mesne
by
ointment
is
Myrepsus
"with
effectual
most
of the
having
ample
remedy for
than
author's
our
XVIII.
SECT,
Of
those
mata,
in
cold
of chronic
scabies.
they
; or
These
have
be treated
middle
are
been
require
these
there
of these
defluxions
and
nerves
ser\iceable
to
the
other
nard,
from
the
equal
body (which
the stomach
and
in
or
to
hot
the
affected
or
tremities
ex-
with
those
are
malagbody when
some
when
section
Of
Acopa.
on
the
indurated,
or
of in the
of
parts
the
agree
with
the
properlycalled epithemes),
of
liver,
whatever
kind
they are,
out
strengtheningpower from astringents; for withwill be danger to the life,
the functional
tions
operaparts being extensive ; and, therefore, they are
melilots,aloes, and
and
name
EPITHEMES.
the
When
principally
composed of aromatics.
affected with dyspepsia,atony, or inflation,
those
from
that
plasters,or
to
parts of the
must
emollient
infarcted, or
of in that
applied for
of
of wax,
AND
middle
the
with
treated
those
by Avicenna,
pitch, and
PLASTERS
inflammation,
affected
when
cold
EMOLLIENT
applied to
state, or
such
olive oil.''
ON
are
of
rosin,
applicationscalled
some
state
with
parts, prepare
Of
"
of
sulphur
experience,that
leaves
and
The
is
Avith oil of
fresh
wax
of
of mercury
ointment,
an
consists
and
oil,
say, from
can
into
Take
"
of calamine,
litharge,of aloes, of saflPron,
of
cenise,
is
mastich
are
nutben, ammoniac,
be
fats,and
from
then
is
seeds,and
ram),
sampsuchum (marjoapplied. To the liver,those
wormwood,
to
stomach
from
chamomile
ointment
; and
to
mom,
spleen,those from quicklime,arsenic,capers, willows, cardaverdigris,ammoniac, and vinegar are to be applied. For
defluxions
about
ointment,
and
tlie
other
belly, those
from
astringents are
to
wild
be
used.
And
these
by
PLASTERS.
EMOLLIENT
XVIII.]
SECT.
577
of malagmata
or
by the general name
of
emollient
be the
reverse
plasters^although their power
the viscera
in a hot state, as in ardent
are
softening. When
a
misuomer
called
are
fevers, those
saffron, oil
of
the
juice of linseed,
to be applied;
endive, knot-grass,hog^s lard, or litharge are
but when
in a cold state
those
from
leaf,
opobalsam, Indian
sowbread
In expectorationsof blood,
(cassamum), and pepper.
astringentand desiccative applications,composed from
alum,
willow, and bitumen, are to be applied to the breast ; and in
consumptions, those from bay berries,horehound, cardamom,
and lye.
The malugma from melilots.
Of
saffron,of Celtic nard, of
of
cyperas,
from
melilots,lb. j ;
bdellium,
wine,
q.
The
the
of
each,
oz.
of oil
vj.
oz.
ij;
iij;
of
of
perfume, lb. j ; of wax, lb.
of privet,lb. iij; of glaucinum, lb. ij;
add
Some
also of cyphi, oz.
ij; of
s.
malagma
Of
parts.'
'
"perfume,of cardamom,
lot,of
iris,of myrrh,
of ammoniac
turpentine,lb, j ;
of
of
cardamom,
roses,
of Indian
amomum,
of the
privet,hemina
sometimes
of cyperus,
wood
of
of
j;
unmixed
of
each,
mina;
one
Italian
and
of
wine,
sometimes
each,
q.
dr.
of frankincense,
; of oil of
xxv
and
Prepare
s.
with
diluted
of meli-
the
use
cerate
of
privet.
The
iris,of
PoJyarchhan,
cyperus,
of
Of
otherwise.
myrrh,
of the
xylobalsam, of costus,
schoenanth,
of
cardamom,
of
storax, of bdellium,
Indian
long birthwort, of
of roasted
of
of
of
rosin,oz.
of storax, of wild
vine,
of
sowbread,
of
cloves, of
37
PLASTERS.
EMOLLIENT
578
each,
oz.
nard, lb. j ; of
of
iij;
oz.
palm-nuts, xij;
yy,
T7ie
Of
Baton.
malagma
wine,
of
[book
lb.
wax,
oil of
of
tii.
apples,
s.
q.
of
cardamom,
schoenanth,
of the
lilyperfume,
j;
of
nard, of the
of
iss
cloves, scr.
of
vj ;
iv ; of
iiis,scr.
of
ij;
oz.
oil of
of
xviij;
oz.
ladanum,
of
oz.
of
scr.
lentisk,of each,
ss
oz.
of
maple rosin,
of
and
things
musk,
mastich,
vine,
iij;
of the
three
viij;
scr.
add, of pepper,
saffron,oz.
Of
malagma.
oz.
oil of wild
with
xviij,
scr.
j.
scr.
Galenian
The
pounded
be
to
are
some
prescription,
another
In
vine.
of
dried
and
juicy
fruit of
large dates
ss
wormwood,
of
of
oil
of
iijj
oz,
of wild
viij;
scr.
wax,
j;
aloes, oz.
of
apples,oz. vj.
TTie
of
malagma
masucha
or
of
of ammoniac
V
oz.
of
each,
oz.
X
dr.
of
of
cloves, scr.
xv
oz.
wild
; of
xx
of oil of roses,
; of
honey, coch.
of wax,
dr.
x;
; of
oz.
of Indian
leaf,dr.
with
Falernian
viiss. Triturate
oz.
bee-glue,
; of
of
x;
tine,
turpen-
spikenard,
Aminsean
and
wine.
The
Of wax,
of
lb.
j;
saffron,oz.
The
ofNilus,for all
splenicmalagma
of ammoniac
ss
malagma
perfume, lb. j ;
(some make
citrinum.
othen'
it,oz.
Of
j) ;
wax,
perfume,
of
of oil of
of
of
privet,lb. j ;
^dnegar,
q.
s.
Colophonian rosin, of
the
of induration.
cases
the
vinegar.
The
harher's
pine rosin, of
of the
sext.
fat
j;
of
of
chamseleon,
pitch,lb. j ; of wax, of
perfume, of natron, of dry bay-berries,
each, lb. ij of the flour of fenugreek,
malagma.
ammoniac
bulls, of
pollen, sext.
lb.
j.
dried
Of
-,
j;
of
the
dried
root
of the
black
PLASTERS.
EMOLLIENT
580
Of
bee-glue,oz.
ss
oz.
The
vj ;
of storax,
of
sumach,
galls,of
of
of
manna,
the
oil
each,
dr.
AntyUian
The
of
j;
oz.
sumach,
wild
the
oz.
scr.
of oil of
fissile
of wild
pomegranate,
apples,q.
scr.
olives, of
of Amiucean
of
Syrian
oz.
ss
scr.
scr.
of
galls,scr.
aloes,
oil of
the
of
of the
s.
q.
viij; of
viij;
scr.
xv
of
wax,
wine,
alum,
wine,
xx
juice of
myrtle-oil,of
of
yj ;
scr.
olives, scr.
unripe
of
mastich,
of
of the
roses,
unripe
j;
Of
malcujma.
of
^ine, of aloes, of
"wild
wormwood,
of turpentine,
j;
oz.
vit.
s.
q.
Of
iviJclvine.
from
malagma
mastich,
ij ; of
oz.
nard,
lees of
of the
[book
Syriac
flowers
of wax,
s.
Of
saffron,of sandyx, of
malai/ma from grape stones.
vine, of each, oz. j ; of dried alum, oz. iv; of the flowers
The
wild
of the
wild
of dried
of roses,
myrtles, of
apples, lb. ij; of quinces, oz.
oil of
of
using, take
The
ij; of chamomile,
oz.
boiled, mix
of the
iij:
green
dill,oz.
vj :
of the
part of
inner
lb.
j;
palm
viij.
oz.
j.
of
of
much
melilot,
Having
of poppy.
of fresh
add
stones,
oz.
as
flower
wax,
of wax,
heads
green
consumed,
separatelytriturate
and
Of
ij; ten
oz.
is
the
Nicolan
ten
grape
the decoction
when
dill.
from
malagma
iv ;
dried
wine, q. s. ; of
of the medicine, oz.
of AmiuEean
nuts;
In
unripe olives,of
each, oz. ij; of white
of oil of
pomegranate,
oil
and
and
of
of
stag's marrow,
j.
oz.
safi'ron,
Ce
Clerc
also the
serve
declare
(Pharmac.
du
de
terme
raw
yelks of
describes
thus
qu'on appelloitmalagma
Galien
se
add
Some
Le
Commentary.
CoMM.
oz.
ne
these
difteroit fort
on
de
celui
d'emplatre.'^
Ce
an
indurated
calefacient, being in
Templatre.
gen.
malagme,
applicationsto parts in
eggs.
preparations:
de
'^
ten
state, and
general
neither
peu
le
Galen, the
to
were
pres
He
as
emollient
rately
all mode-
desiccative
nor
He
humectative.
tions
describes
the
accuracy
and
his usual
with
ETC.
ACOPA,
XIX.]
SECT.
581
composition
of these
Comm.
prepara-
of the malagmata.
He
gives a full account
says
and
inasmuch
as
pastilsdiffer,
malagmata
plasters,malagmata,
the
other
of
consist
two
aromatics, whereas,
are
principally
Celsus
formed
rather
they
and
refrigerant,
are
few
gout.
general, he
calefacient
but
says,
however,
refrigerant; some,
applicationsto the
as
only
not
are
than
used
are
In
substances.
calefacient
rather
are
metallic
from
joints in
epispastic.
also
He
makes
tion
menno
gives prescriptionsfor 35 malagmata.
Scribonius
of epithemes. (v, 17, 2.)
Largus, likewise,
of
the
treats fully
malagmata (" cclv-cclxvii).
He
Oribasius
the
first
the
second
consisting
kind,
thereof; and
X,
there
of
three
are
of metalhc
substances, or
third, of juices,suet,
the
varieties
and
of
malagmata
and
roots
certain
herbs
proportion
(Med.
tears.
Collect.
28.)
full
is
of them
account
given by
Actuarius
(Metli.'Med.
followingepitheme is said
and
vi,9)
to
that
states
be
of
"
of
spurge,
gall,of each,
leaves
of
of white
of the
iij;
of black
of
root
of each
wormwood,
and
dr.
of Attic
wild
the
of Tuscan
honey,
oz.
elaterium,
hellebore,of
cucumber,
wax,
dr.
viij; of
of
bulFs
of the
viij;
red
of
nitre,
1.
c^)
j.^'(Myrepsus,
is
a
sions
malagma for luxated
joints and contufollowing
Of
:
galbanum, oz. j ; of saffron, dr. ij; of ammoniac
perfume, of pure wax, of each, oz. iss ; of dried pitch,lb. iss;
of very acrid vinegar, coch. iss." (Ibid.)
oz.
The
''
XIX.
SECT.
The
the
feeling of
then,
The
are
acopa
lassitude
are
but
so
named
for
lassitude,as
they agree
and
are
the
with
been
many
other
emollient,
prepared
like.
having
AND
LINIMENTS,
SINAPISMS.
first invented
tensive,ulcerative, and
calefacient, some
calefacient
of rosemary,
(dROPACES),
PLASTERS
CALEFACIENT
(aCOPA),
OINTMENTS
RESTORATIVE
ON
from
They
complaints.
and
pepper,
agree
with
'
'
minuteness.
some
for
osseous
Some,
stimulant.
the
pellitory,
aSections
of
seed
the
and
nerves,
to
ETC.
ACOPA,
582
which
strong frigidity
heat.
The
infarction
formed
The
of
emoUient
stimulant
in
the
chronic
dislodge,namely,
The
consistence
the
cerates
but
have
affections,and
in
such
more
materials
the
of
affections
facient
in which
for the
of
composed
of
the
mustard
of
and
after
remedies
have
applicable in
applied to the
chronic
cough when
catarrh, a sinapism
the
to
suitable
any
part which
has
it may
proceed
part is
to
the
become
bhstered
been
lost,care
without
are
in
has
cold
fixed
state
and
chest
order
both
to the
chronic
after
tone,
is in
or
limits
has
swelled
in
and
catochus
are
in the
cannot
to
be
and
cold
the
and
so
Of
to
state, and
of
that
the
and
the
after
the
if the
burning
therefore
the
diseases,
acute
sinapisms,which,
applied to
the
cases,
lest the
and
them.
But
taken
of
chest
of
action
manner.
admit
warmed
head
chronic
produced,
examined.
part, to
in
of
up,
be
be
all
mania,
and
podagric
been
mild
must
not
especially
more
affections
and
pain
is
to
powerful application,
being perceived,
uncovered
commencement,
matter
chronic
same
sinapism
It is
ischiatic
The
violent
lethargy,cataphora, and
if at the
its
warmed.
often
be
lost
]i\dd and
far
too
in all
serves
asthma, orthopncEa,and
the
to
appKed
belly in
more
has
sensibility
in
be
may
and
when
are,
flesh becomes
bath
applied
remedy
easilybe
medicine
It
affections
in vain.
other
Their
order
most
chronic
and
head;
stomach
It is
cannot
tried
the
sinapism,in
The
fold
two-
warm.
the
A
acopa,
has
cephaltea,hemicrauia, epilepsy,
vertigo,and
when
and
the
the
been
the
plasters.
with
complaint.
ingredients,but is
many
part
sinapism,in
agreeing particularlywith
other
the
applicable.
a
between
dropax
and
acopa
to
plaster,and
into
appliedbefore
residue
the
remove
resemble
sinapismsare
plaster")is
body
liniments
them
difficult
applicable.
The
like
to
are
intermediate
The
like, are
are
is to be
cataplasm, agreeing
as
acopa
rub
like those
are
purpose
the
Some
the
sinapisms
as
being
one
and
such
liquidconsistence.
malagma.
cases
plasters.
composition,the
like
cnidium,
granum
of all the
and
a
readilyrestored
have
used
with
agree
be
cannot
vit.
the
euphorbium,
be
[book
head.
but
the
legs,but
Those
with
if
which
difficulty.
bK?
Sinapisms
siuapisms applied to the legs aud arms.
when
there
is
continued
fever or
be
to
entirelyproscribed
ulcer ; also in affections of cartilaginous
parts, and such as
have
must
are
an
have
flesh.
no
sometimes
The
of
ETC.
ACOPA,
XIX.]
SECT.
biu-nt black
called
acopon
vj ; of
which
parts
devoid
are
sinapisms are
when
Of
Bromion.
lb.
rosin, of each,
common
oz.
the
For
of
marshmallows,
of
j;
flesh
Colophonian rosin,
fenugreek,
are
them.
applied to
of
wax,
of
iv;
of
butter,
of
linseed,
each,
lb.
other
The
things with
complex
lb.
stag's marrow,
of
old
rosin, of each,
of
from
taken
and
The
of
opoponax,
herbs
and
which
the
each,
juice
like the
boiled
is
of
TJie
of
melilot,
of
formed,
boiled
iv
Avith
or
;
a
The
until
there
then
are
oil,oz.
Of
of
Cilician
Then
a
of
tine,
turpenof
iij;
oz.
lb.
j, is
the
be
to
lb.
added
fat of
oesypum,
iij.
oz.
of
of
chamomile,
each,
in sext.
macerated
iss
oz.
of
viijof
the
it of
to
of the
for three
moderate
v;
of
medicine
marshmallows,
things are
the
of
Colophonian rosin,
each,
the
fenugreek,
oz.
xv
of white
Lysiponimn.
acopon
mastich,
galbanum,
fat of geese,
of the
little
j ; of
These
consistence.
are
and
of
iij.
of
ij;
fat of geese,
Of
linseed,
of Ascalon
milky
oz.
of
lb.
former.
Basil'ms.
of
oz.
wine
oil
each,
acopon
amomum,
lb.
each,
castor,
of
euphorbium,
of
vj ;
of
of
marshmallows,
of the
of wax,
iss ; of
oz.
of Azanites.
acopon
cumin,
oil,lb. j ;
lb.
of
juice
of
or
common
the
rue,
of
j;
add
galbanum.
Of
acopon.
fenugreek,of linseed, of
opobalsam,
and
wax
the
Of
butter, oz.
; of
wax,
of
turpentine,
triturated
stag's marrow,
lb.
iij.
pepper,
aloes, of elecampane,
vj ;
of
of
castor, of
iris,of each,
oz.
storax,
iv ; of
perfume, of myrrh, of
euphorbium, of costus, of ammoniac
marjoram (sampsuchum), of frankincense, of cyperus, of cassia
fistula,of
the
amomum,
of
seed
of rosemary,
bdellium,
of
of
each,
oz.
iij;
xylobalsam,of each,
oz.
of
ij;
adarce,
of Indian
leaf,of
of
; of
of
"wax,
Another
of
xxviij;
dr.
marrow,
of
nitrum,
of ammoniac
vj ;
barbaric
The
and
many
wax,
lb.
ss
oz.
chroum,
whites
lb.
j;
of
xxiv
of box
Ha\dng
of
mixed
the
and
using
as
iris,and
of
hedy-
iss ; of
of ammoniac
old
oil,lb. ij;
perfume,
oil,lb. ij;
of the
fat of geese,
the
it up
in
the
i.
e.
coldness
from
burnt.
we
and
for
joints.
must
boil the
them,
iv
sext.
They
of
used
are
throw
away
of the
fir
if the
But
seed
water,
in
of
and
having
lassitude,paralysis,
spontaneous
the
of
urgent,
with
ripe seed
sext.
things, use
oil, mixing
the
modius,
other
being
cense,
of frankin-
Of
fir,of Galen.
it be
iij;
oz.
prepared it,lay
Having
eggs.
from
bruised
remain
Of
Pyxis.
of the
rosin, of
it to
same
of
of
vj ;
oz
the
storax, of bay, of
of
oesypum,
wood.
acopon
ivj
oils
each,
viij;
tree, j Italian
lb.
of
ix ; of old
milk,
The
the
called
acopon
vessel
of
vj.
oz.
oz.
the
Tuscan
of
j;
oz.
of
turpentine,oz.
cow's
of
diseases,
ischiatic
oz.
opoponax,
aphro-
iij.
iv ;
oz.
ij; of stag's marrow,
lemnestis, (a saline concretion),it is
each,
marjoram,
The
of
iv ; of
sweet
Of
purposes.
stag's
oil,sext. j ;
old
of castor, dr.
also
of
vj ;
galbanum,
of
vj ;
wax,
of
j;
of
adarce,
of
from euphorbium,for
acopon
other
ammoniac
pepper,
add
Some
dr.
each,
dr.
each,
perfume,
of
bay ben-ies,
of
honey,
of
Ivj;
dr.
turpentine,
Of
of
oesypum,
diluted.
and
undiluted
dr.
marrow,
oz.
vii.
Of
fetid acopon from Galen's ivork, secundum
genera.
moniac
of turpentine,of each, dr. xxiv; of galbanum, of amperfume, of each, dr. vj ; of old oil,hemin. ij; of stag's
dr.
[book
ETC.
ACOPA,
584
necessity for
fir with
the
prevent
to
podagric
and
the
them
arthritic
affections.
The
the
same
fruit of the
lb.
iij; of the
lb. j.
wax,
The
Of
otherwise.
acopon
oil,hemin.
fir,mod.
j, i.
rosin
of
pine-nut
from
the
black
e.
sext.
or
xxv,
i. e.
sext.
xiiss
of
ptoplar,for
the
same
affections.
of
fruit
black
the
585
fir,adding
fruit of the
of the
Insteud
ETC.
ACOPA,
XIX.]
SECT.
poplar,
equal quantityof
an
other
the
prepare
like
in
things
the
manner.
The
of
rosin,
oz.
xvj ;
ij;
of
adarce,
oz.
of tender
j;
of
aphronitrum,
oz.
and
oz.
adarce
together.
alkanet, that they
The
the
or
drojJttw,
in
of
each, oz.
ij;
Otherwise,
and
opoponax,
turate
tri-
separatelywith
of
roasted
lb.
rosin,
of
j;
of
pepper,
of castor, of
of
vj ;
oz.
of
Of
of
iv
oz.
wild
lb.
of
euphorbium,
sulphur
of
dried,
grape
opobalsam,
wax,
Brutian
galbanum,
opoponax,
of the
Sicyonian oil,lb. j ;
of
xv;
of
each,
ammoniac,
simjjledropax.
oz.
bitumen,
found
pitch,of each,
dried
ships, of
of
frankincense,
woody, being
the
is called
pitch
iv;
of
is redolent
which
natron,
of
bium,
euphor-
natron,
substances
soluble
hellebore, of
iij;
oz.
the
add
then
iv
oz.
may
the
of
of white
of
the
the
pine
opoponax,
of natron,
j;
oz.
Triturate
pellitory,of each,
of
vivum,
Melt
lb.
wax.
pitch,lb. ij;
adarce,
wine,
of that
Italy, of
iv;
with
rosin
Colophonian
euphorbium,
iv.
of
oil,lb. j ;
old
of
iv;
oz.
wax,
Of
for tremhlings.
celebrated
of Zosimus,
liniment
oz.
of dried
j;
vj.
pitch,
of Brutian
figs are
to
in
properly filtrated
be
acrid
macerated
be
to
mustard,
such
strongly pounded.
Syriac and Egyptian,
separately,pouring
and
mixing
into
forming
sinapism,joining two
if
in
weak,
allowed
mustard
After
the
if the
pain
we
with
is
uncovered
wet
to
impaired, care
and
Then
cloth
But
must
examined,
if redness
in the
in
of
cases
Then
they
weaker.
it becomes
and
the
and
blisters
bath
or
use
may
when
paralysis,
taken,
for often
we
one,
triturated,be
juice of mallows,
apply.
be
away,
but
figs,
moderate
it is
do,
some
rated
tritu-
strong
of dried
if
before
cleared
and
and
some
is to be
form
to
one
are
infusion, and
the
wish
we
to
mustard
vinegar, as
oil of roses,
ceruse.
if
proportion;
violent, or
a
little of
of mustard
been
has
continue
are
with
cerate
in
macerate
to
mass
If the
equal parts.
mixing
it
on
parts
inverse
the
day they
next
and
the
as
and
tepid water,
used,
vene,
super-
greek,
of fenuthe
the
rose
bility
sensi-
and
the
part frequently
are
burnt
immoderately
ACOPA,
586
without
vinegar,is
of the
of
in
efficacious
more
of
cases
of
myrrh,
in baths
the
of
and
eyebrow
and
to
la
ou
le
be
man
Le
of
these
consistence
temple, especiallyif
it be
and
again,
into
the
s^en
bare
the
Acopa
of
remedy
On
"
les
otent
les
douleurs,
principalement
delasser,ou
et la
when
middle
bath.
of
says
be
may
of the sordes
the
Clerc
comme
things
from
put
lassitude, parcequ'on
travail
troglodytic
each, oz. iij; of
it, beginning
cools, anoint
properly,let the
Alexander.
of
dr. iv ; of
that
so
diseases
rubefacient, especially
the ivorks
of the
with
whole
the
after it
appelloitacopa
as
pepper,
q. s.,
become
anoint
'
*
white
vinegar,
then
Commentary,
CoMM.
"
mustard, especiallyin
From
of
properly triturated,and
acts
than
vii.
writing-ink,of each,
crocomagma,
saffron,dr. ij;
hairs
And
hemicrania.
of
euphorbium,
of
it.
[book
hip-joint.
liniment
acting
from toriting-ink
The
Of
sensible
being
ETC.
qu'on
sent
Galen
pour
le
apres
explainsthat
derived
their name
from
although this class of ointments
being oiiginallyused as soothing applicationsto parts
afterwards
were
exertion, they came
pained from severe
their
which
be
to
He
and
gives formulae
stimulant
ointment,
the
(v,25.)
Scribonius
The
the
"
same
the
and
liniments
as
mixed
with
or
them
the
sinapisms.
consist
oil
divides
calefacient,and
to
which
acopa,
Oribasius
approach
near
for two
medicines
emollient,
being
only
On
of aromatic
fragrant
some
into
three
scarifacient
the
acopa
kinds,
the
see
last
further
Actuarius.
of the
those
autem
''E-y^ptCTra
ancients
of
the
Graeci
seem
moderns.
vocant
to
have
Celsus
been
says
liquida qui
very
of
much
them
illinuntur.''
silentio
CoMM.
ETC.
ACOPA,
588
transire^
sit
erratum
gra^ater
quam
[book
Georgio
vii.
Baglivi,
'
"
qui
Oribasii
meminit^
vesicaiitium
scripsit^
Grsecorum
de
suggerit
sinapismi
ridum
facit^ ueutiquam
de
loquitur tanquam
utebantur.
^Etius
cantharidum
medicinal
quidem
ad
qua
in
formam
canthade
scio,
bis
excitandas
cute
exbibuit,
tres
qu8e
exulcerans
dropax
et
ejusmodi
quidem
vesicas
dropacis
profecto
et
quod
rero^
recipit, unde
dracbmas
semel
et
et
dropaces
ex
couficiebantui-j
mentiouem
Is
quae
generCj
usu
fuisse^
noverit.
nou
de
qui
Graeeum
et
vesicantium
qui
dicuntur,
medicamentis
acribus
eundem
quum
eo
Arabibus^
ex
seripsisse,nemo
idiomate
aliquid
primi
utpote
vulgo
audit."
Oribasius
gives,
of
account
"oith
tbe
other
ulcer
a
in
he
remedies
it
The
attended
with
our
author,
figs
and
its
macerate
renders
the
similar
Oribasius
being
cases.
with
that
the
figs
the
sinapism
See
ischiatic
of
in
in
exactly
as
(De
goat^s
as
diseases.
author.
vinegar
instead
weaker.
the
the
Greeks,
Unguentis,
the
of
of
cases
which
of
The
and
i.)
an
or
carus,
of
in
nished
dimihe
re-
fevers
Like
with
dried
Archigenes,
terms.
same
dung,
pounded
sinapism,
jNIyrepsus's
He
is
is seated
sinapism
nearly
efficacious
our
preparation
Mesne
in
authority
represent
equally
to
all
of
diseases
sensibility.
the
the
upon
is
It
case
disease
diminished
prepare
properties
particularly
exactlv
it
as
to
us
patient
the
diseases
suit
not
chronic
it in
cious
judi-
obtuse.
in
the
acute
and
Aetius,
and
vinegar,
agrees
that
directs
medicinal
Aetius
applying
some
he
is
lethargy, catochus,
ai'e
heat
of
mustard.
details
with
loss
when
or
onlv
tbe
all
almost
and
it does
"svben
recommends
He
applicable
as
says
failed, except
liver,
part.
that
sensibility
in
says,
or
sensibilitv.
presents
He
tbe
have
lungs
the
cartilaginous
Both
and
constitution,
interesting
most
least, only
at
or,
applicable, however,
when
Antyllus,
sinapism.
diseases,
acute
inert
an
from
account
mentions
water,
and
that
but
x^rabians
applied
says
pared
preit
in
OINTMENTS.
XX.]
SECT.
OF
PREPARATIONS
DIFFERENT
XX.
SECT.
589
OILS
AND
OINTMENTS.
Of
mentSj
some
the
oil, such
seeds, and
therefore
oil,
rather
are
the
to
oils of
and
seeds,some
bear
melinum
as
the
or
altered, and
in
squeezed out
walnuts,
almonds,
wine, must,
fats and
being
some
ointments
and
cyprinum
receiying wax,
called
such
do
as
successive
not
such
bay
;
as
and
and,
such
the
last
of
if their
number
useful, such
flowers
as
formed
of
the
as
weaker
are
whole
to
have
some
the
compound
which
are
filtrated,
some
mixed
pounded
either
by being
the
as
lentisk, of bay,
The
oil,such
them
remoyed,
of
fruits and
from
separated, such
like,
boiled
oils of
of
ones
Palma
with
the
in the
oil
times
some-
Of
oil.
cipally
prin-
are
and
jtiices,
these,
called, simply,
composition,
boiled
are
and
at
some
articles which
as
their
only
complex materials,as
some
of
into
decamp'on, amaracinum,
sicyonium ;
put in,
; then
the
And
consist
boiled
are
or
additions,the
first
being
savin
rosin,
and
the
as
some
them.
mastichinum,
and
but
for
myracopa,
resembling
being
unguents,
or
and
herbs,
water, and
or
marrows,
of
like.
of aromatic
composed
such
of them
thus
the
the
But
sun.
more
added
apples;
and
of
of sesame,
and
fruits
-which
exposed
those
them
oily part
Of
from
press
into
violet.
the
if
But
put
admitting boiling,and
the
to
stances.
sub-
more
from
the
to
chamomile,
of rue,
finer and
less
oil of
or
of
formed
permanent,
formed
are
flowers
exposed
and
lilyand
the
as
formed
flowers
chamomile.
volatile
more
such
and
from
from
of oint-
added
compounded
are
the
form
article
one
shoots, as
they become
sun,
roses
some
of
none
fragrance be strong
days
oils in the
that
roses,
certain
from
they
are
lilies ;
oil of
the
some
oil of
the
some
with
along
simple
as
or
of
or
and
prepared
are
Of
susinum,
ointments,
simple, lia\angonly
are
some
oil, and
the
and
unguents
are
and
metopium,
two, three,
most
those
namely,
once,
the
are
or
difficult to
four
boil
rosewood, spathe,frankinccnse-tree,
and
perhaps
OINTMENTS.
590
and
wax
is not
the
boiled
admit
the
added.
being
all,but
at
ointment
not
as
rosins
but
after
ointment,
verdigrishaving
cyprinum
and
added
but
them,
to
the
of
cases
all the
which
foliatum.
the
as
some
they
so
as
and
inclines
to
moschelsea
are
to
nails
for
night
and
others
irinum, crocinum,
heating qualities,are
the
as
extremities
iij;
oz.
rather
of
bound
red
the
instead
order
that
without
chamomile,
and
the
bury
its
of the
day,
vessel
with
ij;
a
their
but
fragrant
those
called
deprived of
roses
flowers),and
unripe olives,one
carefully,so
in
sun
insolation
be
open
the
on
fragrance may
dried
air for
pavement,
put
the
vessel
preservedby
the
it
the white
oz.
olives ;
vessel
the
to
gleucinum;
and
oil of
up
particular
oil.
of their
the
for
tonic, and
in
wild
some
and
and
cyprinum
viscera
Of
evaporate, expose
then
surface
as
and
and
roses.
desium,
men-
subtile, paregoric,
underground.
chamcEmelinum, or oil of chamomile.
The
over
of
Having
table
well, in
cold, but
night
day,
not
upon
into
white
sextarius.
it may
oil
or
agree
moderate,
mastichinum, nardinum,
musk
but
heating;
the
those
are
(or the
The
but
such
stomach
compositions of
or
their
that
tonic
the
being
their
cutting,
the
as
rosaceum,
Italian
oil
them.
more
prepared from
ointments
used
some
are
only by women
smell, as the foliatum, spicatum, commagenum,
the
of
powerfully heating,and
with
agree
most
The
mixture.
of the articles
vehicle
abrade
to
hot
addition
are
relaxed, such
the
this
them,
susinum, amaracinum,
in
Some,
sicyonium
but
in
is
in the
oil,as
powers
pentamyron
moderately
desiccative
sufficiently
when
or
ointments
The
are
digestive,such
hence
were)
is stronger,
decamyron
those
it
complex
marciatum.
the
in
iss of well-
are
with
pounded
the
prepare
of
ointment
the
are
(as
the
do
some
oz.
and
only mixed,
to
fire,an
possessed of
Avhich
or
groundwork
nature
some
are
the
dip
amaracinum,
wishing
from
been
boiling is over,
ingredientsare
vii.
opobalsam,
or
of the ointments
; and
the
the
when
taking it
simple ointments
after
some,
triturated
The
juiceof balsam,
cooled
boilingat all,but
mendesium;
green
The
is added
moderately
of
[book
of
which
petals,
oil, one
Of
has
Italian
the
been
flower
dried
sextarius.
as
to
allow
of
for
Cover
it to
OINTMENTS.
XX.]
SECT.
over
The
dried, oz.
in like
to
those
the
double
in
been
having
dried
lilies,
sextarius
like
invented
oil,and
ounces
are
The
manner
green
expose
to
be
dill,
the
sun
prepared
hair
of
dried
at
dill
oil of chamomile
and
the
but
they
especiallyif
made
first
exposed
weaker
are
by
exposure
added
for other
oz.
cane,
of
the
of
cinnamon,
of
petals
to
are
divided
three
oil
the
macerate
for
times
and
in water
then
we
hour.
we
Having filtrated,
of
and
lilies,
the
in the
remainder
instead
with
The
and
of the
thrown
triturated
it,arnabo,
and
lay
or
violets,some
some
from
of their
white
nails
covering
to
it
we
for five
boil
to
are
we
to
are
days, stirring it
the
oil for
oil the
third
again,after
three
in
one
lilies ;
saffron.
add
first,we
the
cinnamon
quantity
days
add
to
are
after other
But
it the
to
double
and
the
away
pure
three
the
davs,
pounded,
of
cassia
or
or,
car-
it up.
iaton,violaceum,
oil of
the
to
First,
part
days, again having filtrated,
we
three
we
being filtrated,
of
pesium,
third
filtrated
having
oil
other
after
add
whole
in wine
it with
of
iij;
oz.
The
Secondly,
boil
laid up.
dried, lb. j ;
v.
then
for three
to
are
and
calamus
time.
thus
two
additions.
successive
and
other
cardamom,
nails
the
days, after
oil,sext. iij;
safiron,oz.
day,
Of
it
prevent
away,
of
their
and
short
very
cardamom
like manner,
of
three
myrrh
oz.
Cilician
into
the
macerate
the
myrrh,
of
iij;
oz.
days, stirringit
it with
of
lily,deprived
is to be
process
to
days, and
Italian
an
for three
lilies.
of
to
as
thrown
three
oil
or
so
sun
white
petals of
added
over
and
susinum, perhaps
the
be
to
the
to
filtered
being
be
to
ijare
oz.
also
Of
in Susa.
comjjound susinum,
aromatic
and
for the
carefullycovered
evaporating,and
the
the
of the
likewise
called
of lilies,
oil
in like manner,
of
which,
put
sun
dill,and
green
sextarius
vessel,and used;
prepared
from
hair
the
dill may
the
to
liliaceum,or
from
from
carefullycovered
sun.
The
we
in
be
may
oil of
exposure
be boiled
than
it is to be
Of
Italian
oil^an
The
manner.
dill.
of
oil
or
of sweet
j;
without
may
wliich
laid up.
anethinum,
once,
591
from
oil
or
the
of
purple,some
violets, adding
an
up
Italian
oz.
sextarius
carefullyto
They
violets.
from
the
and
safi'ron-like,
iijof
the
of the
oil of
prevent
prepare
leaves
it from
deprived
unripe
olives
evaporating;
OINTMENTS.
592
they
insolate
every
three
add
they
The
nian
a
few
The
sesaminum,
strainers
with
The
for
the
with
small
The
in
the
riciuus,which
is
in
sext.
double
The
the
called
amyf/dalinum,-
or
poured
water
Some
add
sweet
oil,and
oz.
oil
The
in,
and
black
of almonds,
invented
who
of
this
cardamom,
of
carpobalsam, of each,
vj ;
of
articles,sext. iv;
being
them
into
of Attic
triturated
the
other
from
the
add
of
gated.
levi-
or
in the
seed.
For
iv of
oz.
boil
lay up.
is
prepared like
being bruised, a little
to
described
as
Italian
an
above.
sextarius
called
j;
of
of
it
metopium,
which
the
of
the
to
soak
rosin
in
part
of the
then
dissolved
iij.
lb.
add
ij;
aromaticus,
galbanum,
fragrant wine
honey,
it
galbanum
almonds,
of calamus
of
tians,
Egyp-
because
followingthings :
bitter
myrrh,
lb.
The
metopium.
The
and
also
seed
filtrate and
This
schoenanth,
turpentine,lb. ij;
radishes
forty days, or
thus
separated
oil, called
lb.
prepared
vessel.
is
j ; of the
in
in hot
This
in the
for
almonds
double
is
of the
poplar, they
almonds.
almonds
which
is
squeezed
It is found
rosin
insolate
oil
seed
poplar.
black
of
the
of
oz.
unripe
sesame
castor-oil.
then
separated.
contains
is
of
similarlypounded
is much
bitter
ijof pounded
boil in
and
this
Egypt
hours, and
oil
pure
the
in
oil and
for three
aforementioned,
Cydo-
of oil of
oil
And
oil
croton,
of the
of sweet
vessel
the
manner
there
spring when
the grains of
breaking down
to
The
Christi,or
same
oil
cegirinum,or
up,
from
from
Egypt
of
them
bark
sext.
radishes.
Palma
of
them
glass.
after
externallywith
their
Italian
the
of
of
oil
or
after
season
from
in vessels
manner
ricinmn,
The
rubbed
pieces with
to
prepared
of oily-grain.
or
screws,
same
prepared
laying
raphaninum,
after
times
forty days.
oil
or
laid up
and
water
into
is
be
to
are
be added
to
are
in
This
of apples.
cut
insolated
from
the
and
them
prepared
is
oil
And
three
vii.
dried.
quinces,which
of cloth
olives,and
hlies.
the
completely
apples or
iijof
Kke
or
tliem
days, clianging
ten
days
melinum,
piece
lb.
it for
[book
and
of
each,
the
num
galba-
oil,we
the
dry
put
honey.
OINTMENTS.
XX.]
SECT.
all the
When
tepid,we
thick
The
oil of
almonds,
and
all
oil
or
of
it becomes
is
acorns
prepared
of oaks.
acorns
is
This
walnuts.
of
from
the
fruit
and
pounded
The
of
plain
bay, but
is added
to
expressed.
Some
ripe olives,sext. j
of
the
from
oil of
The
acorns.
of buy.
oil
or
manner
thus
it, for
prepared
like
the
in
the
old walnnts.
aforesaid,from
Laurinum,
oil
or
caryinum,
same
strain
fire and
the
it is still
while
it cools.
baJaninum,
like the
and
properly mixed,
are
it from
remove
when
The
things
593
oil is formed
mixed
the
sext.
mix
is
prepared
ij of bay-berries,
equal parts of
each.
The
the
manner
same
in two
ways,
The
by
of
of
sextarius
add
Some
of
bay,
with
Of
of mastich.
oil
boiled
in
sour.
to
each,
oil,sext.
kind
Italian
an
double
in
lentisk,
simple
added
of storax, of
and
fruit of
most
oil
wormwood
prepared
is
ripe but
olives,not
unripe olives,and
complex
the
from
The
of mastich.
mastich, oz, j,being
or
Chian
oil of
this
And
lentisk.
oil of
itself and
also,of
more
the
as
mastichinum,
is formed
oil
lentiscinum,or
vessel.
j.
oz.
of elecampane,
of
with
the
oil
then
the
mastich
mixed
and
water,
and
turpentine
filtrated,and
are
for
six
hours,
and
added,
and
being
perly
pro-
cooled
are
boiled
and
the
are
when
into
put
vessel.
The
by adding
Italian
ijof
oz.
sextarius
The
oz.
of
of
oz.
is
The
fenugreek
then
and
filtrated,
of
sext.
ijof
wine
stag's maiTow,
III.
of
This
of cucumbers.
root
of
wild
cucumber
double
vessel.
the
boilingin
Of
cucumbers.
is
oil, sext.
prepared
to
of
an
the
j ; of wild thyme, of
v ; of fattydead
pines,of marsh-mallows,
asplenium, oz. vj ; of fenugreek, sext. ij.
for one
in the water
first soaked
day and
the
melilot, of each,
each,
dried
oil,and
oil
of
root
the
of
compound
scraped
and
oil
simple sicyonian, or
wild
is added
; and
lb.
cucumber,
to
when
triturated
the
things
all
with
are
a
mentioned
boiled, there
little
oil, oz.
with
are
iv
38
oil
added
of
the
OINTMENTS.
594
of
grease
iv
fowls^ oz.
and
is to
be
after
boilingforty days.
deposited in
Another
oil
elaterium,
of
when
vessel.
of cucumbers,
also
and
of
vii.
it
again filtrated,
it to
expose
efficacious.Of
more
hyssop, of iris,of
of
elecampane,
is
tlie oil
Some
of round
iij;
sext.
[book
the
the
sun
of
juice
of frankincense-tree, of centaury, of
origany, of cyperus,
bay-leaves,of each, oz. ij; of oil,sext. v.
Having mixed, boil
of
until
but
The
Of
of
little of the
cyprinum,
oil,sext.
of cyperus,
;
of
sampsuchum,
of
each,
be
to
oil the
of
not
with
of
if the
and
be
chaste-tree,of
j.
for
the
pure
hand,
hour
an
the
for
To
at
All
in wine
the dried
otherwise
boiled
iris,of each,
privet,lb.
green
ofPosidonius.
and
sage,
other
filtrated
its tender
to be
are
j;
day,
one
with
lb.
pounded
half.
But
if
wish
you
pure
to
in
days
colour, with
its powers
vessel
the
vj ;
of nie,
it will
tinned, and
not
acquire the
unimpaired.
formula for
Another
oz.
seed
the
bruised, but
little water,
works
previouslymacerated
privetis added,
branches
with
flower
the
the
elecampane, of
the
been
boiled
of
hyssop, of
of
iij;
oz.
things haAdng
are
or
juice remain.
oil of privet,from
iv ;
oz.
ij;
of
of
sage,
elecampane,
of cypress,
oz.
ij;
citron-leaves,of
each,
of the
long birthwort,
of
Of
of jjfivet.
cyperus,
the
oz.
oil
of
seed
of chasteof
rosewood,
of
of
iij;
oz.
each,
oil,sext. j. Having
of
these
verdigris,oz. j.
T}ie amaracinum,
of
xylobalsam, lb.
of
rosewood,
amaracus,
of
of
lb.
the
All
wine,
to
receive
be
the
each,
V.
is to
xx
oil
of marjoram.
of
cyperus,
savin, of each,
oil, sext.
are
or
savin
ij;
the
;
and
of
other
first
the
lb.
lb.
elecampane, lb.
Of
of the
viij;
viij;
things,being
addition, but
former
Ixxx
of seed
; of
articles
second
are
to
of
fragrant
first macerated
the
schoenanth,
of opoponax,
primary oil^sext.
in
addition
be
boiled
OINTMENTS.
596
of
nard,
costus^ of
iij(in another
oz.
The
third
formula
addition.
also,of
Of
"
of storax, of
bdellium,
of
"wine,q.
of
wax,
make
it
s.
white
first macerated
the
oil
but
spatula of palm
in
vessel
lined
little remain
until
add
those
first
to
filtrated,
boiled
until
be
not
the
to
have
sucli
the
be
as
to
cool.
is
it
taken
sext.
stir
oflf,
oz.
lay
iv ;
of
of
ijJ
oz.
these
aromaticus,
myrrh,
of
the
of cloves, of
iv.
third
of
the
Macerate
After
of
addition.
"
vj ;
be
to
oil
in
allowed
carefully,and
and
wax,
it is
to
are
when
cooled
it
add
the
fii'staddition.
of
rose-wood,
oz.
of
of
iij;
oz.
of
vj ;
oz.
"
nard,
oz.
of
iv
oil,
;
of
melilots,
bay-leaves,
xylobalsam, oz.
iij;
Of
vj ;
iris,oz.
of
iij.
iv; of cassamum(or
Indian
of
iij; of calamus
mom,
each, oz. j ; of carda-
each,
leaf,of
oz.
fragrant wine.
Of
bdellium, of each,
they
glass.
mjTrh,
sampsuch,
in
again
addition,
fire and
the
scboenanth,
of
of cyperus,
And
ofi" the
vj ;
Of Celtic
"
add
mav
with
The
oz.
oil
fire,add
of
when
wine
filtrated
sext.
j;
addition.
boil
with
taken
must.
the
mortar
be
must,
oz.
with
day
third
preparation appears
the
of
of costus, of
of amomum,
The
tbe
in
\] ; of long birthAvort,oz.
things in the must.
sow-bread),oz. ij;
oz.
triturated
frankincense-tree,
second
The
oil
vj ;
oz.
roses,
elecampane,
Macerate
that
and
filtrate,
articles of
in vessels
it up
or
Aminaean
oil; and
pure
left,in order
spatula.
of Aminsean
palm-branch,
oz.
is to
with
and
it is better,having
the
sufiiciently
upon
gleucinmn,
the
fire and
day, having
opobalsam, and
The
be
tbe
until
it
Next
warmed
wine
But
to
coals
olives
state, when
proper
things
preWously
upon
be
to
after which
of
(some
are
vessel,in
days
the ^dne.
succulent
mentioned,
other
boiled
for three
with
it off
been
vj
oz.
juice of unripe
first,the
these
oil the
pure
which
second
take
perfume,
first addition
in another
s.
q.
opobalsam,
the
each,
little of the
burnt,
of
in the
times
tin
add
second
of the
of the
of
mastich,
vii.
wine,
three
with
iij)
;
oz.
of
day
and
of
of ammoniac
oz.
of the
old
arnabo,
articles of
one
those
other
some
or
for
of
cassamum,
frankincense,
myrrh,
A-iij). The
oz.
cassia, of
of
cloves,
[book
oz.
mastich,
ij;
of
oz.
iv;
ladanum,
of
oz.
troglodytic
iij; of liquid
of
storax,
oz.
OINTMENTS.
XX.]
SECT.
additions
two
The
also of
add
the
Cyzicenum,or
nardinum
of
for
nard
oil
opobalsam,
like the
here
But
wax.
macerated
be
to
are
iv
oz.
ij). Prepare
saffron,oz.
unripe olives,except
from
of the
frankincense, of each,
male
YJ (some
597
ment
oint-
articles
the
days.
seven
The
of Cyzicus.
first
addition.
These
thing
The
of
of
Of
"
addition.
second
each,
These
ij).
oz.
The
each,
of
amomum,
things
iv ; of
triturated
TJie
opobalsam,
in
vj (some
oz.
add
this also
as
ten
containing
nard,
in wine.
troglodytic myrrh,
ij; of storax, oz. iij;
oz.
oil
or
Celtic
of
also
of costus,
j;
cloves, oz.
add
arnabo,
of
Of
wine). Prepare
decamyron,
fragrant wine.
of
cassamum,
macerated
be
to
"
each,
frankincense, of
oz.
of
ij (some
oz.
are
addition.
third
cassia,of
Of
"
iv
in sext.
ij ; of
oz.
macerated
be
to
are
also
said
of
mastich,
of
oz.
aloes, of
of
saffron,
above.
ingredients.
Of
nard,
spike-
of costus, of
leaf, of euphorbium, of pepper,
adarce, of each, oz. j ; of mastich, oz. iss ; of opobalsam, oz. \j ;
of
Indian
nard, lb. j ; of
of oil of
The
white
pentamyron.
iij
foUatum, or
The
of
iij;
oz.
oz.
wax,
of white
-,
things being
render
in
oz.
the
and
add
iv ; of
Indian
nard,
oz.
Of
leaf.
barks
of
pound
one
of
mix
then
of
v.
leaf,
cassia,oz.
oil of
ij;
oz.
Indian
of
nard.
oils
and
-,
To
of walnuts
preparation of
The
Commentary.
of
addition
the medicine
mortar,
and
oz.
mastich,
of
vj ; of ladanum, oz. j
These
of troglodyticmyrrh, dr. j.
;
in a
sifted are
to be again triturated
j;
grains, xl
j;
oz.
of
ointment
bruised
mortar, with
storax,
of opoponax,
amomum,
pepper
\].
oz.
wax,
Of
use.
ointments
is
Com.m.
'
fullytreated
Medica
Haly
De
and
xiii,2.)
of
See
Abbas
by
Dioscorides
in
like
manner
also Avicenna
(Pract.
19)
x,
first book
in the
of his
INIateria
and
Mesne
(De Unguentis
et
blcis.)
Notwithstanding
and
the
importance
pharmaceutical
purposes,
of these
we
think
articles
for
cinal
medi-
it unnecessary
to
"
CENANTHARIA.
598
of
treat
CoMM.
them
large,as
at
more
[book
author's
our
vii.
is sufti-
account
'
'
'
and
ciently ample
of the
most
omitted
are
consequence
and
few
him.
It
accurate,
by
and
unguents
articles
ointments
will
be
of
that
described
here
great
any
remarked
of
are
fragrant nature.
SECT.
It is not
because
are
vine
at
they
have
all j but
b}^ some
obtained
this
solelyfor
their
them
of the
and
bath,
in them.
in
cataplasms,for
febrile
from
of such
For
vital
and
The
prejjarationof
frankincense,
of Indian
carpobalsam,
iv ; of
of
pieces,put
the
of
lilies,dried
nails,placing them
then
mixed
covered
davs.
put
and
up
Use
leaf,of
vessel
the
in
stirred
the
after
the
of the
bath,
our
own
still inhale.
can
the mental
atmosphere
cenantharium
iij;
oz.
Italian
broad
invention.
with
Of
in
ccc
which
with
to the
oz.
been
having
for
forty
disease,
from
dipping
costus,
number;
and
sun
the
theii*
have
addition,
it,or
small
stripped of
restorative
into
along
and
vessel,expose
as
Having
sext.
mouth
their
fatty storax,
the storax
opobalsam,
before
of
of
of costus,
mastich,
the
each,
preceding day
together
mouth
of
things,divide
with
and
bodies
cassia,of myrrh,
Of
amomum,
of
alternately;
wine
especially
the
the
following is the
wine,
the
tonic
preservatives
as
of
dies
reme-
the
strengthen
state
out
Mesopotameuum.
Aminsean
they
these
dipped
prove
more
if
noses
coming
with
upon
used
are
sponges
poured
cenantharium.
the
be
their
The
calls
with
useful,likewise,
opobalsam,
fragrant
and
pounded
leaves
he
after
if mixed
deeply,and
are
be of this nature.
Posidonius, which
oz.
in
spirits. They
to
appears
of
are
applied to
drawn
are
bodies
properly,they
to
lilies that
alone
luxury
wild
no
of the
convalescents
to
pestilentialdiseases, when
from
of
they
They
and
persons,
for
syncope,
and
stomach;
have
oenantharia
wiped
them
use
them
The
and
tables
(oenanthe)that
flower
their
over
their
who
diseases.
and
fragrance,
vine
of
some
wine
paralysisand
the
wild
appellation.
having
of
cases
the
for
the
poured
to those
But
GENANTHARIA.
contain
it is from
having
persons
they
ON
oenantharia,
called
they
XXI.
sponges
iij;
of
in
spike-
PERFUMES.
XXII.]
SECT.
599
cassia, of
same
The
and
aromatics.
The
We
them.
this
bv
so
which
in
disorders
and
called
and
"
'
'
Aetius
need
we
Comm.
not
authors
they
have
not
and
liver
with
especially
sometimes
fragrance, and
in
so
order
and
to
to
preservativesfrom
by
the mouth
in the
the
epithemes
and
concoct
clear
the
purposes,
for cold
invented
also with
also the
pestilential
for these
chest, and
ancients
mixed
are
the trochisks
them
use
deobstruents,
as
lodged
hence
between
them,
to
as
also taken
CYPHI.
We
their
smell
we
cyphoid. They
more
of
account
are
AND
antidotes.
the
matters
concoct
to
x.
Myrepsus
Arabian
all events,
at
that
the
intermediate
brain, and
they
in the
of
and
the
of
PERFUMES
cyphi are
defluxions,
parts about
author's
our
aware
ON
sometimes
and
catarrhs
of
the
fumigations on
perfumes
and
(sii,116)
prescriptionsgiven by
anywhere
XXII.
drunk
are
sext.
name.
SECT.
In materials
wine,
fragrant preparations,made
to
not
are
of them
hax-ingtreated
done
similar
so
are
of storax, of
of Falernian
Aetius
were
Myrepsus
repeat
also
CEnantharia
and
wine
with
ccc
lilies,
ix
oz.
iij;of
oz.
manner.
See
Commentary.
(" 37.)
iv ;
oz.
of amomum,
calamus, of each,
vine, of
opobalsam, of each,
j;
oz.
the
compound
tions
affec-
antidotes
medicines,
antidotes.
oz.
of
opobalsam,
of
wine, q.
s.
oz.
of
amomum,
iss ; of
mastich, of burnt
opobalsam,
oz.
of
onyches,
wine, q.
s.
of
honey,
Triturate
of
and
trochisks.
cyphi tnay
num
called
Of storax, of
of
elecampane,
of
myrrh,
each,
of
oz.
bdellium, of
vj ;
of Celtic
ingredients.
thirty-six
ladanum, of rosewood,
nard, of Indian
PERFUMES.
600
leaf,of cypress-seedjof
of
moss
seseli,of
sphagnon
other
tree),
of
small
of amomum,
each,
of dried
j
Another
schoenanth,
cassia
of
root
seed,
of
viij; of
lb.
nuts,
"
j;
Myrepsus
of
of
order
in
lb.
each,
soporific:
of
juice
Of
j;
matics,
Haly
up
with
and
oz.
each,
without
fiftysmall
oz.
the
of
of
vij;
which
of
vij;
oz.
Med.
v,
used
were
of
the
root
antidotes
of
and
honey
as
See
by
figs,
of
fattypalm-
These
are
restoratives,
is
Oribasius
ammoniac
fume,
perof
mandrake,
Myrepsus
great
fragrant
described
antidotes.
of
ij;
pine-nuts,
6.)
of
of
dried
of
(Synopsis,iii);
following suffitusof
of costus,
of
s.
q.
Oribasius
v;
oz.
dried
fatty
of
cypress-
leaves,
saflron, of each,
of
vij;
oz.
iv;
oz.
of
vij;
oz.
of cyperus,
each,
(Meth.
cyphoid
are
fifty
Posidonius
v.
each,
fragrant wine,
amomum,
preparations
confections
Abbas.
of
compositions, consisting of
mixed
Similar
the
The
lb.
or
schoe-
of
grapes
rose-wood,
ij;
oz.
37) ;
(xiii,
The
of
of
with
oz.
of
Scythian bdellium,
multifarious
trees,
of storax,
Actuarius
storax,
of poppy.
of
Aetius
sooth.
to
oz.
costus,
their
See
;
of
savin,
sweet-smelling compositions
or
pine
flower
of
elecampane,
moss
of
of
honey,
(i,299)
of
iij.
sext.
spikenard,
turpentine, lb.
of
the
use
palm-nuts,
pure
honey,
of malabathrum
myrrh,
Commentary.
'
"
the
of
iij;
oz.
deprived
grapes
of
cardamom,
nard,
each,
ladanum,
of
kingspear,
of Celtic
of
roses,
"
of
v
saffron, of
the
bdellium,
fistula,oz.
the
mom,
carda-
some
bark
the
stones, of dried
their
called
ij ;
oz.
juniper-berries;
'
of
turpentine,
fragrant wine,
Of
(but
kingspear
iris,of
of
of
roses,
costus, of
of
cassia,of
cyperus,
the
large
two
cyphi,
ingredients.
CoMM.
ix ;
oz.
oz.
of
of
of dried
of
root
figswithout
adds, likewise,
oz.
their
the
oz.
it, of
of
iij;
oz
vii.
pine-nuts, of
of
lacaphthus (itis
iv ; of
oz.
nanth,
;
instead
arboreus?),
each,
of the
savin,
juice),of each,
lb.
of
of
perfume,
each,
(muscus
cane,
of
spikenard,
some
of
carpobalsam,
of sweet-
of
ammoniac
(splanclinon),or,
trees
onyclies,of
[book
are
the
very
variety of
aro-
wines.
the
Arabians
Avicenna,
among
Serapion,
and
PESSARIES.
XXIV.]
SECT.
SECT.
XXIII.
THE
PREPARATION
OF
of
melilots,oz.
of
savin,
of
myrrh,
leaves, of the
of
fat of
the
j;
of dried
of
each,
Commentary.
Actuarius
of
for the
of
balsamura^
of
the
oz.
j;
\] ;
of
Med.
v.
of
nard,
oz.
of
of
;
ss
SECT.
wine,
XXIV.
ON
kinds
of them
some
and
inflation
of
i.
The
it is shut
those
or
wish
we
or
to
to
used
are
anastomative
are
contract
the
cases
the
applied;
the
womb
they
when
of
womb,
vessels.
in ulceration
eversion
and
of
fowls, un-
the
and
are
the
mouths
of
tion
purga-
of the
state
the
wax,
menstrual
the
and
womb
prepared
from
of
cabbage, liquorice,the
or
the
of
reverse
for
different
Tuscan
the
These
Celtic
ANTYLLUS.
mouths
open
correct
iris,of
galbanum,
fenugreek,
recall
like.
those
restrain
it
is
'
astringent,and
geese
which
contracted.
of
upwards,
of
of
three
some
of
Comm.
cassia,of
olive,of
are
the
open
fat
of
OF
prepai'cd from
stopped,or
up
of gum,
s.
q.
been
aroma-
yellow aloes,
iij;
There
ascension
the
lilies,
when
used
of
WORKS
emoUient,
are
anastomative,
has
THE
they
e.
it,in
They
of
ss
myrrh,
leaves
in inflammations
of
like.
when
FROM
some
of
saffron,oz.
are
butter, burnt
that
of
for
salted
vessels,are
of the
the womb.
privet and
oz.
bay-
of Indian
cardamom,
lb. iss ;
applied to
thereof.
Of
fragrant wine,
pessaries,
coldness
of
s.
Masucha
each,
iij;
oz.
emollient
the
use
ss
anastomative,
are
We
oil
are
iris,oz.
q.
of
roses,
lb. iss ; of
gum,
Pessaries
of
leaf,of
lb.
each,
rose-wood^
schoenanth,
opobalsam,
called
ladanum,
of Indian
mehlot,
of
(xiii,
118) ; Myrepsus (^ xxi, 14) ;
The
8.)
following is Myrepsus's
suffimentum
of
of
ij;
oz.
carpobalsam,
SOME
Aetius
See
(Meth.
formula
oz.
roses,
WHICH
of storax, of calamus
[stacte),
^yood
amomum,
myrrh
ticus,of sampsiichum,
MASUCHA,
MASUAPHIUM.
CALL
Of
601
open,
The
for
the
gent
astrin-
which
female
and
tlie
charge,
dis-
impel
it
PESSARIES.
602
wlien
upwards
The
Trochisks.
and
little thicker
like
and
applied to
narrow
draw
it to
to
thought
proper.
of the
mouth
the
attached
Saffron
The
"
calf's
of the
of
emollient
excellent
of
(oesypum), dr. j ;
the
of
"wax,
sixteen
roasted
eggs
of Tuscan
hog's lard,
oz.
wax,
of
of bull's
ij;
oz.
womb
the
of
of
dr.
iij;
nard
of the
wool
tui-pentine,of
the
roses,
and
of
grease
the
unwashed
each,
of
of
Pessary, an
of
Of
xj ;
viij;
honey,
Triturate
s.
ij;
dr.
iij;
Golden
;
wax,
fowls, dr.
dr.
ointment
and
dr.
emmenagogue,
of the
iij;
oz.
The
white
marrow,
dr.
oil, of iris, of
of
of the
affections
with
stag's
oil,q.
"
Of
grease
rose
of
geese,
Pessary, being
Libanian
of
stag's marrow,
of
grease
womb
oesypum,
saffron,
Of
thread
long
it is
readily when
Pessary, for inflammations,
woman.
medicine,
pessary
medicine
of
milk
the
dipped
womb, having
of
wool,
some
in the
of the
of
and
thickness
then
and
vii.
astringent
CoUma
the
and
xvj ;
Aiij;
with
saffron
dr.
dr. iv ; of the
of
ij;
dr.
of
of the
inflation
each,
of geese,
grease
mastich,
dr.
of
marrow,
the
down
doubled
be
tent, is to
the
chapter on
made
be
is to
pessary
sordes,
bath
of
in the
out
of
materials
The
prolapsed.
akeady pointed
been
have
[book
s.
q.
ointment,
geese
and
ointment
of
tallow, of turpentine,of
The
"
lently
excel-
agreeing
iv
lilies,
oz,
of
yelks
vj ;
oz.
of fresh
domestic
of
amaracus,
of
of
each,
oesypum,
in a double
vessel,as are all the other
j. It is dissolved
of
pessai'ies.The Pessary Enneapharmacus : Of the ointment
of honey, of the
of that of ricinus,of turpentine,of wax,
roses,
oz.
"
of
grease
and
geese
of
"
Egyptian Pessary
-The
of oil of
is
there
p.
oz.
ss.
"
grease
of
Pessary
of
of
each,
of
the
geese
oz.
iij;
Of
and
called
medicine
and
bull's
the
honey,
tallow,
ammoniac
of
of
the
oz.
with
butter,
oz.
xj ;
iv ;
of
water.
turpentine,of butter,
parts
are
p.
j;
and
when
foul, of verdigris,
for
conception:
oesypum,
of
stag's
Of
butter,
of
marrow,
the
domestic
of Tuscan
wax,
Genitura,
wax,
of
of
Triturate
:
Of
Pessary :
of saffron,of each,
lilies,
inflammation
no
The
vj j
or
roses
ivss ;
of
and
stag's marrow,
emollient
of
oxen,
oz.
oz.
ij;
vj ;
of
of oil of roses,
spikenard,
oz.
lb.
ij;
j;
of
SUCCEDANEA.
604
SECT.
XXV,
ONE
In
(lychnis)for
been
he
the
which
beginning
with
southern
substituted
article
of
acanthium,
-wood
in
used
FOR
the
campion
and
danger,
the
lost.
soon
vii.
GALEN.
obtain
to
and
companions,
same
OF
was
been
have
be
this
found
not
my
may
seed
the
who
would
woman
medicines
of
woman
I had
requested by
Instead
wishing
SUBSTITUTED
BE
WORKS
THE
says,
certain
FROM
ANOTHER,
Alexandria,
MAY
WHICH
MEDICINES
ON
[book
of
seed
list of
I made
out
for
another,
one
acan-
having
Hence,
a
not
in
the
order,
(lychnis),
campion
(abrotonum), origany.
(calamus aromaticus).
agallochus,sweet-cane
agaric,euphorbium.
aloes,glaucium, lycium,
Indian
winter-cherry (halicacabus),the
asphaltum,
aconite
or
Bruttian
the
centaurium.
or
seed
of
strychnos.
liquidpitch,
wolfsbane, the
of the
root
wild
iris,
southernwood,
wormwood,
opobalsam, myrtle-juice,
adarce.
quicklime (calx-viva),
alkanet, hyacinth,
sal
Cappadocian
ammoniac,
salts,
arsenic, sandarach.
starch, dried
flour,
ammoniac
perfume, bee-glue.
rose-wood
the
(aspalathus),
fruit of heath,
or
the
tree,
(a speciesof pulse),Indian
aracus
bitter
almonds,
Armenian
the
corn,
wormwood.
sfone, Indian
ink.
elder, thorn.
prickly-poppy (argemone),seriphium.
kingspear, the juice of
beet,
wall-pepper,the juice or
leaves
of lettuce,
maiden-hair, aphroselinum.
parts of the tears of acacia.
fox's grease,
shoots
of the
that
of
black
or
sal ammoniac
bear,
poplar,sampsuchum.
buprestis,bugs (blatta;).
butter, cow's
the
milk
coagulated,
juice of balsam,
the
juice of myrrh.
burnt,
seed
of
the
chaste-
SECT.
XXV.]
Instead
SUCCEDANEA.
of
bdellium, the
aromatic
gentian
root, aromatic
Samian
earth, the
Eretrian
of trees
moss
(sphagnus).
parsley.
Egyptian leucographis.
earth. Thebaic
turnip, the
605
lime,
sun-tlower.
earth, plumbago,
doryciiium, the
of henbane,
seed
dittany,sage.
bay-berries,dried
carrot, the
seed
wild
of
thyme,
water-parsnip,
diphryges, Phrygian
stone,
dracunculus, wake-robin,
calamint.
sage,
the
of
tear
wild
thyme, potamogeton.
the
seed
the
juice of
the
seed
the
fruit of
of
the
leaves
the
root
hedge-mustard,
hedge-mustai-d, soapwort.
heath, the gallomphacitis.
wood
of the
of wild
hellebore,
oil,boil
the
the
of ibis
the
broom,
(?).
leaves
of papyrus
root
of the
mulberry (?).
(?).
potamogeton.
double
lotus,
fig,the dung
of butcher's
enneaphyllon,
old
of
of
the
ebeny,
black
quantity of
oil with
old
hog's
lard.
ginger, pellitory.
deadly
(thapsia),the juice of
carrot
seed
thapsia,the
sulphur vivum,
of
red
of iron
the
rust
the
mistletoe
the
cyperus,
cardamom,
costus,
the
chamseleon.
(sandaracb).
oak, that
aromatic
black
rocket,
(rubigo ferri),the
double
cinnamon,
or
arsenic
of the
Illyrianiris,the
cresses
the
squama
of black
ferri.
chamaeleon.
elecampane,
quantity of
cassia,
largejuniper,
cyperus.
juniper-berries,
ladanum.
juniper-berries,
calamus
aromaticus,
the
moss
of trees,
saffron, crocomagma.
crocomagma,
Indian
castor, laserwort
aloes,
(assafoetida).
tallow
hemlock
of the
(conium),
the
cautharides, phalangia.
seed
of coriander,
[book
SUCCEDANEA.
G06
Instead
of the
of
the
the
the
root
the
of capers,
dung
of the
peach,
the
from
sordes
the
of chaste-tree,
seed
safiron, the
of bastard
seed
vii.
of heath
root
palestra,
or
tamarisk,
leucographis.
ceraunium,
coral, moly.
cat's
dragon's
field basil
calamint,
seed
of
wild
the
sun-flower,
mint.
of the
seed
colocynth, the
"
cabbage,
(clinopodium),the
the
Colophonian rosin,
cynosbatos,
called
croton.
onocardium.
of
pitch
of the
seed
the
Christi
palma
the
(cotyledon),
navelwort
rhodoides.
(cinnabaris),the
blood
cumin, the
ichneumon,
of the
that
dung,
ships,
winter
cherry,
pumice
earth.
Cretan
stone,
dried
cyphi, burnt
f.;
fig.
buccina, oysters,
cardamom,
xylocarpasum.
bruised
wax,
and
boiled
beans
frankincense, the
pounded
magnet,
the
Phrygian
the
seed
the
stone
the
flower
the
seed
of the
the
root
of
the
sea-hare, the
the
root
the
of
Phrygian
stone,
the
granum
Cnidium.
pyrites, the
of the
agerat.
stock
gilly-flower,
soapwort.
lotus, the
sea-shell
dock, the
of carrot.
pyrobolus.
stone
dittander, the
of
stone,
seed
lovage, the
leaf
mandrake
bee-glue,
(lepidium),madder,
dittander
the
Indian
with
ampelitis.
terra
seed
of beet,
leaves
of capers,
(?).
root
of
(malabathrum),
pellitory.
cassia
Indian
or
nard.
(mandragora), dorycnium.
the
myrobalan,
mallows,
juice of
lentisk
(?)
rue.
fenugreek.
honey, rob.
manna
mice
(of frankincense
dung,
stag'smarrow,
an
?),the
bark
equal quantity of
stag'sgrease
quinces, melilots.
Cyprian misy, Cyprian
spignel,myrobalan.
ochre.
or
of frankincense.
flies.
the
marrow
of
calf.
sKCT.
SUCCEDANEA.
XXV.]
Instead
of tho
the
juice of mulberries,
roasted
(507
of brambles,
leaves
misy, diiihryges.
aromatic
the
Syriac nard,
rush,
tiirnip-seed(?).
navew,
the
xylobalsam,
of stock
root
gilly-flower.
opopouax,
of
milk
midberry.
carpasum,
juice of
the
the
juice of myrtle,
bay,
juice of the
rose
juice of
cenauthe, that
the
of
mistletoe
the
oak.
cultivated
of the
vine-tree,
linseed.
all-good (hormiuum),
rice, barley-flour.
Italian
Rhodian
the
the
Mendesian
wine,
wine,
wine.
wine,
austere
(ornithogallum), anthyllis.
of Bethlehem
star
olive, the
unripe
onocardium,
gallomphacitis.
herb
the
psyche,
canker-worm
pine, the
the
on
wasps
unripe
ginger.
pepper,
seed
fern, the
of
the
polypody,
cneoros.
of
root
or
mezereqp,
of the
chamasleon.
ground poplar,
vervain,
polytrichon, wormwood,
rosin
of the
fir-tree,turpentine rosin,
dried
roses,
the
oil of
radishes, the
dried
of the
leaves
(castoroil),
oil of ricinus
rhodoides, Sinopic
peach-tree,
ochre.
rush, cardamom.
spodium,
Cyprian
troglodyticmyrrh,
stag'sgrease,
grease
of the
grease
of the
root
of
the
fox,
the
salamander,
aromatic
seed
the
moss
aromaticus.
of geese,
grease
soapwort, the
satyrium, the
calamus
the
hyena,
of olive-leaves,
ashes
the
the
of foxes,
grease
of the
grease
of the
root
bear,
black
hellebore,
of rocket,
green
lizard,
of trees, the
sweet-rush,
litharge,
syricum (psoricum .'),
dross
of
marjoram
mustard,
(sampsuchum),
cresses.
argenti.
the
dried
culinary sumach,
rosin,
SUCCEDANEA.
608
Instead
of
dried
sagapen,
scammony,
seed
fossile
alum,
seed
parts of the
internal
the
pine-nuts,
vii.
rosin.
pine
the
[book
of
Christi.
palma
cucumber.
of
salt.
skink, satyrium.
the
the
antimony,
squama
rush, the
sweet
root
of copper,
dross
water-cress,
the
grape,
Saunder's
melanteria.
of
flesh
Syrian palm.
the
southernwood.
herb,
cuttle-fish,
of the
shell
(serapias), the
orchis
knot-grass.
Egyptian
the
basil.
cultivated
the
sens.
of
pumice-stone.
of
root
poeony.
squill,bolbus.
sesamoides,
Indian
of henbane,
juice
liquid pitch,
unscoured
the
John's
burnt
gall
of the
gall
of the
shrew-mouse,
gall
of the
camel,
'
"
the
has
viper,
of
marrow
calf.
dill.
root
marsh
the
(ocimum),
the
This
many
compelled
of
gall
of the
of
that
of the
of the
of lead
dross
the
of
the
partridge.
ichneumon.
camel,
the
swift.
sagapen.
chamomile,
attempted
of
that
that
anthemis.
authenticity
ourselves
hyaena,
the
ocimoides,
"
the
germander,
Commentary.
the
of trees.
moss
of
fleawort,
'
seed
gall
basil
juice
briar.
sweet
of acacia.
sandarach.
the
galbanum,
'
the
wine,
the
ceruse,
of
seed
alkanet.
valerian,
the
amaranth.
of woad.
flower
of
sea-weed,
CoMM.
the
(oesypum),
wort,
lees
of
opoponax.
wool
hyacinth,
St.
the
hypocistis,
of
filtration
the
after
Unseed.
grain.
seed
the
remains
what
lentil
wild
which,
(lens palustris).
(sisymbrium).
mint.
from
however,
corrections
make
dock.
(scoria plurabi).
water-cress
is taken
to
wild
of
other
work
is very
the
ascribed
doubtful.
text, and
alterations.
we
to
Galen,
Cornarius
have
found
WEIGHTS
XXVI.]
SECT.
SECT.
measure
measure
there
There
being
be
can
as
and
many
according
measures
who
them,
use
the
treat
the
is the
liquid.
weights and
of
of
infinite varieties
of
it were,
as
the
to
vessel
the
but
heaviness
of
degree
vessel
almost
shall
we
MEASURES.
that
weight ; second,
things
of
009
AND
WEIGHTS
ON
differences
three
are
such
to
XXVI.
by
weight is determined
by the capacity of the
either of a
dry or of
The
of
MEASURES.
AND
those
of
familiar
all.
On
and
the characters
used
by
But
since
some
measures.
for indicatingweights
indicate
these by whole
Greeks
the
do
not
letters,but
but
-^^
;
congius),thus
thus
if it has
y^^ ;
if
oi,
e
placed
thus
line
if
surrounded
not
obolus, thus
lines not
a
c^
scrupulum),
(i.e.
cheme,
indicates
cijathus,
v,
flex
circum-
The
\i".
placed altogether
but
if there
by
is indicated
which
two
are
which
^IZI^,
oboli,thus
has
and
by anything,
it
of
if the
li" ; but
t?,
straightline
curvature
obliquely,indicates
make
lower
(i.e. siliqua),thus
aeration
it, and
above
if
^""j but
chcenix, thus
near
drachma
[ordrachm)
is
properly indicated
But
the
holca
thus
X.
But
X.
Some, however,
the
letter
The
within
Ji;
III.
but
its
A with
it indicates
a
libra
pound, by
in its
middle,
(a pound),
another
".
line
thus
secting
inter-
But
T having the
thus X.
obliquely,
uncia
(an ounce), thus Yc
angle, signifies
having
if the
t,
indicate
line of the
letter ^t
thus
if tlie X has
by
holca, thus
with
vi'hxch.is synonymous
jx
in
has
its
v,
middle,
it indicates
indicates
mystrum,
mna,
thus
39
or
mina,
/i;
but
if
WEIGHTS
610
",
thus
medimnus,
followed
The
by
|0
if
and
ju ;
with
MEASURES.
The
jx.
it,indicates
placed
"
[book
thus
modius,
o,
about
if it has
^,
letter
AND
having
letter
fi
placed
prefixedto
ceramium,
it, indicated
above
and
p,
having
Attic
The
it
sextarius
The
letter
^.
thus
placed above
fx
Tpv
(i.e.
signifies
The
indicates
it,
k^^.
thus
On
The
hemina,
xestes
thus
But
if it has o written
^.
above,
sextarius),
oxybaphum (i.e. acetabulum), thus ^". Some indicate
by a ^, with a straightline intersectingit,thus ^.
T),
letter
tryhlium,thus
it,indicates
above
vii.
and
Egyptian
Weights.
(i.e. mina)
mna
contains
mina
Roman
xvj.
oz.
oz.
xx.
oz,
xij.
"
The
libra
(i.e. pound)
(i.e. ounce)
"
The
uncia
The
drachma
The
The
obolus
The
siliqua
(i.e. drachm)
ceratia
contains
contains
So
that
chalci
(i.e.arei or (ereoli)ij.and|.
contains
viijsereoli.
obolus
an
of Liquids.
the Measures
On
The
Italic ceramium
contains
choes
The
chus
contains
sextarii
The
sextarius
The
or
cotyla,
tabula
congius
contains
gt'eatmystrum
The
acetabulum
The
cyathus
of
also called
are
tryblia.
iij,but
great mystra
contains
small
wdsh
would
and
are
fourth
part, and
almost
third
contains
ace-
whole
weight
of the
Wine
exceeds
oil
part
of
the
oil
by
ninth
wine
part
part,
for
of
the
by
the
than
makes
of
a
weights
liquid substances
is heavier
half;
one
half
of
this
and
ij.
of
measure
measure
same
third.
mystra
which
more,
the
oil,and
by
the
half.
small
shall illustrate
tenth
than
diff'erences
many
part. For
the weight
is heavier
know
Honey, then,
honey.
j, and
chemce, or
to
according to weight), we
oil,wine,
acetabulum
cyathus j, and
contains
if you
Honey
contains
contains
liquids(forthere
wine
vj.
iv.
The
But
(or congii)viij.
cotylseij,which
tryblium,
or
siliquseiij.
or
example of
wine
by a
altogether
honey
third
part
more.
for
it contains
the
weight
it contains
of
as
the
besides.
the
whole
612
CoMM.
WEIGHTS
Arbuthnot
AND
Ancient
(On
Coins^
(De
the
Greeks
and
Since
in
ancient
of
order
the
to
we
attain
shall
not
information
in
following sketch,
referred
this,
the
with
in
have
we
labours
of
followed
Wurm
only
of
one
and
First
with
of
decimal
of
decimal
method
the
solid
of
inch
the
or
of the
the
solid
this number
by
and
in
pint, gives
between
By
1
the
tabular
pint,
values
Arbuthnot's
10"66
pint, and
the
table
solid
decimal
the
by
'64
of
gal.
Arbuthnot's
Conger's
amphora
Conger
Arbuthnot
the
to
the
=70
'62
pint,
a
former
difference
the
'117^
part of
the
the
number
of
of
the
pint.
For
qts. pts.
as
pint
mals
deci-
between
12
solid
the
of
the
amphora
it is 5
inches
difference
amphora.
is 7
gal.
gal. 2 qts.
example,
sol. inch.
10-66
10-66
"=521
Difference
estimates
decimals
48th
any
the
uses
states
decimals
by Conger's,
the
contents
inches
from
fractional
12
of
which
of the
divided
product
Arbuthnot's
-027,
those
mixes
added
:
points,as
with
is of
the
"717
to
Arbuthnot
observed,
the
Now
when
amounts
is
it at
rates
'6, which,
-69
"c.,
inch.
solid
inch,
and
the
Conger
'69
decimal
"117
be
now
find, arises
we
whilst
example,
pint, and
not
We
For
ligiilato
decimals
equals the
Pes.
whereas
them,
nally
origi-
were
few
his tables
computation,
Second
alone.
length
contents
mode
on
Arbuthnot
with
very
we
we
the
that
seen,
when
agree
him
with
of
Conger.
it Avill be
which,
practicalimportance.
the
that
later authorities
discrepance between
The
causes,
of
Arbuthnot
Commentarj',
"c.
ourselves
works
It will be
mention,
to
avail
to
the
above.
on
Conger.
F.
subject is indispensably
scruple
concluding
our
that,although the
remark
J.
practicalacquaintance
to
it is proper
closely; indeed,
acquainted
(Metrologie)
;
1770,
contained
authorities
wrote
Measures)
1771) ;
(Weights, Measures,
of this
knowledge
modern
the
vii.
Romans.)
pharmacy,
freely
and
Poucton
London,
"c.) ; Conger
proper
necessary,
[book
Weights,
Celsum);
in
(Philosopli.Transact.
Pond.
MEASURES.
The
amphora,
and
the
are
table
different
in the
table
ft.
other
of
solid
the
thus
Having
shall
pointed
out
Now
pes
be
to
in
fortunate
exposition of
lucid
from
Extracts
the
P.
Dr.
significant.
X
.
Pari
8, denarii
partem
Notse
tabulam
secundum
omnino
have
can
the
phora
am-
discrepance
later
authorities,
from
subject,has
the
and
Targa
with
pretensions
no
Dr.
be
to
been
Arbuthnot,
and
ticularly
para
very
characters, which
of Celsus.
edition
ISIilligan's
P"^, PZ,
=,
the
weights, measures,
Characterum
Porro
1562-5112
of Celsus.
in the works
occur
giving
the
the
extracts, beginning
original authority on
an
of
source
and
our
he
although
it to
inches.
the
with
11-604
amphora, being
the
Arbuthnot
of
proceed
now
Milligan, who,
reckoned
solid
tables
the
between
1580-75
in the
difference
pes,
contain
to
measures
authorities, makes
later
Celso
P8,
ratione,
sextantem,
characteres
superiorem,
quoque
Tabula.
obvenientium
P.
vel uncise
librie sextantem
X.
=,
P.
singuli
P.
X.~,
quadrigesimam
X.
Z,
secundam
designat.
Celsi
Comm.
in
measures
cube
P.
the
inches.
11-649
or
the
assumes
with
Conger,
this
by
the
assign slightly-
the
pes,
affected
Arbuthnot
and
weights
of the
of
contents
authorities
our
length
consequently
are
whereas
-97075
we
to the
of
as
the
which
names
and,
standard.
inches,
other
deduced
estimates
assumed
be
the
of
from
standard
tlie
is
Pes
613
MEASURES.
AND
WEIGHTS
XXVI.]
SECT.
lectoribus
negotiinonnihil
nobis
facessere
erit ; ut
solent.
ponderum
Cum
divisio
614
CoMM.
'
WEIGHTS
decimo
quam
MEASURES.
AND
vii.
libri
septimo
[book
'
'
prserogetur.
^Uncias duodecim.
Libra
Uncia
Denarios
Denarius
Denarius
sextanti
septeru.
Sextautes
sex.
I Obolum
Obolus
I Scrupulum
Diss,
(Greaves,
hahebat
iveight)
lOi
ejus
valet
Sextans
autem
{English Troy
fere
grana;
unum.
dimidium.
the
on
Denarius)
unde
imcise
scrupuhim
434,
essent
dimidium,
62
grana
Celsus,
ut
citato, docet.
loco
prsepositesscire licet,
His
Notam
a.
^'.
P.,
Notam
libram
se
per
significare.
indifFerenter
sextatem
drachmae
magis
librae,
quam
y.
Notam
^'.
Notam
duos
==,
X, Denarium
propter similitudinem,
dicante
confundunt.
Nam
aequare.
representare.
indicare
notam,
duas
indicare.
sextantes
Notam
uncias
P.=,
non
denominationis
cujuslibet
tis dimidium
sextan
"
vel
Sic Notam
praecedentis,sextantem.
f.
significare,sed
librarii
ac
X,
cum
saepe
K, perinde
Quam
unciae.
vero
decern
olim
decem
in-
signi-
ficabat.
Videmus
'pondo
ergo
Notam
P.
dicet.
Pari
ratione
denarius, qui
Porro
Denarii
=,
P.
grana
P.
K=,
unciae
Z,
Z,
P.
quadragesimam
Constat
uica
62,
P
,
1.
pondere,
sextantem
P.
denarius
K,
aliis autem
cum
esse;
significat,quasi pondere
textus
P.
libram
P,
vel grana
pondere,
vel
notis
ut
ista
10^
in-
absolute
est.
P
K
librae
8, P~,
8, P.
sextantem,
vel
partem, designant.
secundam
Denarium
denarii
X-^
pondere:
sextantem
K-omanum
grana
Trojana
Britan-
62| pependisse.
2.
Pedem
Romanum
pollicum
11"604
Britannicorum
valuisse.
Ab
Londinii
his
sequitur,pedem
per
congium
Imperialem, ut
ad
spatium inane,
calefactum, oscillans,rationem
Porro
Romanum
189-64
habere
ad
ad
ad
Romanum,
274,
62
Farenheiti
quam
congium
esse.
pendulum
11'604
latitudinis
thermometri
ad
39*1393.
[gallon)Britannicum
WEIGHTS
XXVI.]
SKCT.
Tabula
1 denarius
1
argenteus
cyathus
1 acetabulum
.
1 hemina
.
1 mna
Ponderum
10
Attica
15
drachmae
60
drachmae
drachma;
.
C oboli
60
90
oboli
Ponderum
1 uucia
Sed
1 denarius
7 denarii
ostendemus,
ut
denarius
6 sextantes
Tabida, jwndera
scrupulus
scrupuli
scrupuli
=:
62
Romanorum
infra
banc
grana
mensurarum
lineam
02
chalci.
chalci.
900
chalci.
3600
chalci.
6000
chalci.
=
.
360
oboli
600
oboli
24-
=
.
42
(Troy weight),
-(-oboli.
6 oboli.
sextantes
1 obolus.
^
.
sextantes
6 sextantes
Trojana, tam
60
600
Celsiana.
21
denarius
chalci.
=:
oboU
1 sextans
1
10
drachma;
Tabula
Comm.
=100
1 obolus
Pliniana.
Mensurarum
et
1 drachma
615
MEASURES.
AND
hinc
1 sextans
tam
caj)acitatis,
42
62
=
oboli.
=
grana
1 obolus.
gravitatis,
sistens.
numerique rotundandi
grana, compendii
gratia
colum^ illud Grajvii in valorem
per denariorum
ducant, et nostris superaddant.
nam
Sed post tot annorum
lapsum, quomodo ista ponderaad nostra Trojana referamus?
Diligentiaantiquariorum illud perfacileeffecit. Inclytus enim /. Greevesius Anglia;
decus, pondus Denarii, per plurima exemplarium centena, in Italicis aliisquccimeliis
trutinavit : et pondus omnium
nieliorum
denariorum
conservata,
ad
ipsa statera
Trojana 62| librare repcrit. Sed cognito denarii, qui vetcribus
tantum
non
grana
arl)iter,pondcrc, ccterarum
nummus
fuit, sed pondcris rerum
denominationum
in granis Trojauis habcbis.
valorem
calculo simplicissimo,
Denario
tribuimus.
Qui accuratiora
volunt
616
Tabula
CoMM.
'
AND
WEIGHTS
Pondenim
MEASURES.
Mensvrarv.m
ac
'
[book
relationis
Celsus
passim
quas
VII.
v.surj)avit
as
Characteres-
TO
TT
"
=,z,
TT
3
T3
_4__1
J__4__2"
"1
'"
"
-_.
2
=
"
TT
4
^
TT
TT
6
TT
=
5
Septunx
T2
"
7
T2
TT
8 Octunx
S. S."
8 Bes
V.
-S."
s
"
S=
9 Dodrans
10
"
"
....
Dextans
....
11
Deunx
His
unciae, distributae
Extracts
duodecimae,
Dr.
Roman
Tables
Arbuthnot's
Weights,
and
of Ancient
Coins,
Measures
Wine
English
Ligula
9'
Attic
10
Kva^oQ
4|
15
60
120
r20
8640
30
24
12
60
48
24
360
4320
288
I3456
144
11728
12
72
I864
Pints.
Ot's
Measures
MvffTpOV
2 IKoyxv
21
est
Measures.
Gall.
2.
hoc
erant.
from
1.
1^
IKoTvXri
48
|576
2\S"(rri]S
12
|Xoug
10
Measure.
Sol.
Inc.
0-1
Dec.
17t?,
WEIGHTS
XXVI.]
SECT.
Attic
3.
MEASURES.
AND
617
Measures
COMM.
Kox^iapiov
10
IKua^oQ
15
m'OK(""a"pov
1
4|Kori'\;j
1201
12
1801
18
12
3 1
601
8640
I576
I864
I 144
Besides
N.B.
Less
HlXolvtK
|48 |Mt^t/ti^oc
|72
this
-which
Medimnus,
and
Grecian
ancient
is the
there
Medicus,
was
Modii.
6 Roman
Georgim, equal to
4.
IZiffTiig
Weights
Roman
reduced
English
to
Troy Weight.
Lentes
Siliquae
12
Obolus
24
IScrupuUim
6|
3 I Drachma
72
18
96
24
144
36
12
192
48
16
576
6912
N.B
144
48
1725
576
The
Roman
7 denarii
Attic
Roman
as
well
drachm,
24
11
1Sextula
1 23
I l^lSiciUcus
2
I mPuella
I96
I288
this
|72
drachms
will
I Uncia
English avoirdupoisounce
and
the
make
|48
is the
ounce
as
since
Attic
they reckoned
their
hea\-ier
weights ^
they
denarius
than
the
divided
into
equal to the
correspondent
weights.
The
above
Tables
I. Roman
For
are
Measures
thus
given by
Conger.
of Capacity.
5fg gallons).
Cub.
inch
Gal.
Qts.
Pints.
WEIGHTS
618
II.
COMM.
MEASURES.
AND
For
VII.
of Capacity.
Measures
Grecian
[book
gallons).
Pints.
Qts.
Gal.
0-008
0-016
0-02
0-04
0-08
0-12
0-24
0-48
0-95
1-70
III.
For
Pleasures
Grecian
Cub.
10
18
Libra
10
oz.
10
1-70
Pka.
Piuta.
Qta.
"008
2-74
-079
4-12
"12
16-47
"48
32-93
"95
65-86
1-90
1-61
263-46
526-92
1-21
0-43
1053-83
1-28
14
0-8
143-35
511-
182
1654-
142
2-
989-
1426
2-
Weights.
dwts.
9-5
grs.
Troy weight.)
Lb.
1728OO
1-97
8557
Diis.
iuch.
Avoirdupois
weight.
weight.
Dwts.
Oz.
Grs.
Lb.
Oa.
Dwts.
2-9
0^1 1
Obolus
8-8
0^32
17.5
0-64
Siliqua
48
0-60
855
0-22
Troy
a'l
0-46
1829
100
1000
(Unit:
ft.
I MiStfivoQ
Roman
8
85
bushels).
Cub.
IV.
0-23
of Capacity.
I Scrupulum
Duella
16
67600
28800
14400
7200
4800
3600
2400
1200
100
Cent.
pod.
87
11-1
1-28
22-1
2-56
3-85
9-2
20-3
5-13
18-4
7-69
17
12-8
10
10
19
15-39
II
9-.5
171
72
867
2-85
CoMM.
'
Then
thev
ounce
tlieycalled
it into
divided
'
"
24-
The
of
denarius
and
The
the
tables,from
according
difference
Troy
ounce
the
the
to
greatest
drachma
Greeks
used
the
An
The
51
talent
the
quadrans
viz.
of the
the
it is 5256
the
this
small
to the
greatest weight
the
as
well
as
And
this
talent,
into
mina.
The
nummary
drachmce.
100
and
ounce
Greeks.
the
among
into
mina
in
as
avoirdupoisounce
the
was
money
of
part
to
signify
expression t^'itovriiiiZ^ayjiov
old
of drachma
division
contained
obolus
cording
ac-
56.
to
di\dded,
was
drachms.
2\
assuming
of
every
piece
contain, in English
determined,
reckoning
The
was
is
denarius,
the
common
talent
mince, and
A
of
sum
drachm
mentions
Celsus
pound
Eoman
value
Weights.
ponderal
60
the
would
sextans
divided
also
a
into
denarii.
proceeds from
preciselyas
Greek
as
of
value
the
of
an
yoapixaTa.
only as
was
oboh
divided
Greeks,
the
vii.
part of
likewise
was
denarius
The
of
12tli
not
victoriati,
63 grains.
triens
the
into
imitation
division
which
to
It
sextula.
weight.
6 sextantes^ in
into
The
drachins.
divided
as
[book
scriptula,called by
was
but
money
cUmidia
rather
scrupicla,or
MEASURES.
AND
WEIGHTS
620
^oXkoi,or,
into
was
Latins
the
as
oboli.
call
them,
cereoli.
or
semiobolus, contains
"j/nw|3oXov,
An
and
cereoli,
according
Diodorus
KiiTTov
the
by
into
The
did.
the
1^ of
used
meticis)who
128
ounces,
7th
part
and
of
sereolus,and
an
minutia,
sometimes
called
was
and
is
the
Romans
not
weight.
di\'ided
and
ovy-y'ia,
the
the
it
as
siliqua, which
in Latin,
/ctpdrtov,
weights
make
were
Dioscorides
tells
use
of 16
mina,
Galen,
mina,
as
and
a
But
denarius
when
of
Roman
was
contains
oboli, 1052
Celsus
about
ounces,
weight,
scriptula,768
384
sereoli.
of
the
and
that
you
di-achms,
6144
siliquse,
Largus
obolus, and
an
drachma.
from
appears
2304
used
medical
The
lesser
any
of
part
Suidas.
minuta,
Greeks
They
to
the 6th
contained
the
was
Latins
divided
as
sereolus
or
XtTrrci,
according
The
(Ap. Suidam.)
XaX/cog,
7
Cleopatra,but
to
siliquaand a half,
only according to
and
16
lupini,
Scribonius
draclima
have
must
The
Troy grains, or
7000
the
The
Romans
into 8
their
into
supposed
equal
confusion
in
12i
the
different
two
Dioscorides
is here
by,
but
drugs
the
that
at
first
and
bought
The
physicians,Serapion, Rhases,
Greek
is
manes
there
Roman
two
of
Measures
to
the
them,
mina
of 12i
other
ounces
is not
sold
Arabian
and
the
one
of Capacity.
English, I shall
of the
ounces.
though it is
they prescribed
and
what
weights
Avicenna,
are
derived
from
Hebrew
of 20
Attica
their
gross
by
their
by.
weights, and
corruptionof
were
Greek
measures
and
the
of
which
ounces,
ancient
of
of 16
another
avoirdupoisweight, what
our
Weights.
mina
Cleopatra speaks
of 16
only
physicians,it
perhaps like
Of Arabian
the
the most
great
weights
and
one,
Roman
meant
that
the
Attic
an
by
were
So
occasioned
about
ancient
more
avoirdupois pound.
mentions
mentioned
the
wise
like-
dividing likewise
denarius
being
Roman
was
the
weight
siHqua.
denarii, and
ages
authors
there
is evident
By ounces
avoirdupoisounce.
exactly our
of
Kt^ariov,
common
drachma, have
expressions
namely,
of later
the
of 16
drachms.
The
grain,\ of
or
into
and
Greek
ounces.
was
likewise
ounce
mina
litra of 96
usually.
as
airaoiov,
the Greeks
the
It
ounces,
our
the
drachms,
to
nations.
Roman
and
Comm.
drachmae
avoirdupoispound.
of the
use
dividing their
drachms
ounce
both
made
before, was
physicians;
such
100
our
or
siliqua,as mentioned
among
that
to
621
62225~ grains,whereas,
of
physicianslikewise
ovyyia,
or
is
mina
is about
ounces
The
MEASURES.
AND
WEIGHTS
XXVI.]
SECT.
maneh,
ounces,
In
make
or
and
reducing
use
of
used
a
mixture
them.
Their
the Greek
another
the
the
of
mina:
of 16.
Greek
"){pvQ,
solid
which
made
CoMM.
'
"
"
in
'
pose
the
of that
weight
which
drachm,
and
avoirdupois pound,
shall
tables, I
the
drachm,
There
of rain
this
by
water:
solid
the
inches, somewhat
and
"youc
authors
and
^eartig
the
them,
are
ancient
by
measure
congius
is
There
hemina.
used
likewise
as
grains.
pounds
inches;
number
that
great probability
6th
the
are
the 12th
sextarius,and
this
to
of
pints,25,698 solid
congius,though the Greek
the same
as
indifferently
the
Roman
our
in the
is 6
which
yovg ;
less than the Roman
in
inches
or
3 solid
inches, the
sohd
198*94737
make
therefore,50,400
mina,
According
grainsmake
760
Attic
difference
be 50,400
must
xovq
soUd inches, weighing 76
experiment
sup-
Attic
small
vii.
betwixt
heaviest
Attic
grains Troy.
70
of the
weight
in
are
neglecting
it at
state
the
old
the
authors
difference
no
part of the
100th
all
to
Taking
of wine.
and
is the
making
ancients
rain-water, the
of
[book
drachms, according
720
weight
MEASURES.
AND
WEIGHTS
622
/cotuXjjand
the
of
the
measured
Greeks
the
part
the
that
9 to
10 ;
of oil is made
pounds
72
so
of wine
that
9
as
near,
by
The
the
small
So
9-96.
oil
weighing
largestGreek
less in
warm
12
may
be
country
than
or
\ovg,
contained
yoeuc
12
cotylee.
and
of oil
is very
in
ours.
the
Attic
aij.(l"op"vg,
but
small.
the
Roman
sextarius.
use
Attic
It
/cotuAjjwas
TpyjSXtoi'.
was
o^v'/Ba^oi/
Phny
saith
was
one
measure
it
was
the
half
6th
of
4th
called
physicians
difference being
^iar-nqfrom
the
part
of the
the
^iarnq.
answering
the
It is also
Greek
The
sometimes
The
in
accounted
It is also called
or
lagena.
or
Xayvvov,\dyr]i'ov,
Xayvi'oq,
called
equal
Kepafiiov.
The
The
to
weight
the
things liquidwas
choes.
was
wine,
which
to
difference
for
measure
contained
of
10
527,
476
fresh-water, as
to
which
/jitTprtTriQ,
KaSog,
or
of oil
weight
80
to
is to
for
as
the
that
bulk
so
wine,
of
the
ancients
the
supposition among
by
vessels
their
to
part
the
of
yovq.
It
Roman
the
is also
tabulum.
ace-
hemina.
WEIGHTS
XXVI.]
SECT.
(H. N.
saith
ult.) Hesychius
c.
XV,
MEASURES.
AND
623
it
called
was
aXig, Comm.
aig,
and "yajSfi'oi'.
(ia(j)ioi',
KvaOoQ
Koyyr} was
and
lesser to
called
so
from
of the
cotyla,and
Xr/'^rj
was
rustic
or
which
this
the
was
There
shell-fish.
of
part
physiciansused,
liquids:
Of
hvq.
the
measure
16th
the
was
it is
equal
to
part
the
greater
lesser,
30th
the
smallest
measure
cheme.
the
of
half
one
was
cotyla; but
the
in Latin, cochlear,was
KoyXia^iov,
The
for
20th
the
cheme,
the
from
named
so
and
by Hesychius.
j3ap/3oc
is called
mystrum
greater
4th
lesser the
the
were
oxybaphum,
greater of which
kinds, the
two
were
from
called
Mvar^ov, or ixvgtXov,SO
there
to the
equal
greater was
half of the cyathus.
one
There
shell.
The
less.
12th
the
was
See
the
Table,
Ch'eek
a
for
measure
contained
choenices.
48
Xod'i^ is
li
or
was
jueStjitvoi',
M.i^if.ivoq,
of thingsDry.
dry things,such as wheat, barley,flour,"c., and
Measures
and
containing 3 cotylse,
measure
KvaOog, and
^"(TTT)c:
/cotuAjj,
oHu'jSa^oi',
of the
also used
were
dry
for
measures
as
contained
the
congii,was
cube
of
as
was
Ko'^Xiapiov
capacityand
when
sures
they are meaalready.
things dry.
another
is the same
proportion to one
shown
which
for liquids,
have been
The
Measures
Roman
of Capacity.
so
Their
The
pes,
or
amphora, which
foot.
The
con-
was
40
\ foot.
wns,
the
amphoraj. A culeus
urn
being half the amphora.
called quadrantal,ceramium, cadus,
amphora is otherwise
The
and
/uT^riTijg IroXtKocThe
and
the
The
the
urna
measure
half of the
8th
it contained
contains
imia
is the 40th
amphora.
the
conc/iuswas
pes
culleus,containing 20
culeus,or
also contains
of
cube
the
gius itself,
The
207*0676
The
congius
inches, that
is,7
the 4th of
in
English
pints 4*942
solid inches.
The
sextarius
urbicus
was
the
6th
This
WEIGHTS
624
'
*
is
sextarius
CoMM.
'
divided
dmded
into
into
four
sextarius
is also
sextarius
were
MEASURES.
AND
quartariiwhich
like
into
acetabula.
of
those
the half of
are
the
vii.
cotyI(P. It is also
hemiiKB, or
two
di\ided
[book
hemina.
The
parts of the
as,
by which
being the
12th
number
of
cyathiis meant,
of the
double
was
certain
castrensis
sextarius
urbicus.
half
Hemina, the
The
cyathus
the
of
sextarius,contains
4
quartarii,
acetabulum
Cyathus
The
the
was
the
was
12th
half
lingua, contained
ligula,or
sometimes
There
Greeks
the
the
XtVoo
48th
the
E-oraans
divided
was
as
the
libra
and
/uTciKt],
It
as.
denote
spoon,
mensuralis,which
distinguishedfrom
consisted
made
was
sextarius.
of the
ligula.
libra ponderalis.This
or
aradf-UKi],
X'lrpa
and
tarius.
sex-
quartarius.
one
equal to
also among
called
part of the
cochlearium, often
measure
was
of the
fourth
Cochlear, cochleare,and
and
the
said, was
have
we
the
of 12 ounces,
of
commonly
horn,
divided
to
mensuralis
% of
our
this
weight
contained
pint,wine
of
19'085
wine
solid
this
inches, somewhat
But
measure.
in all appearance
assigned by Galen,
the
water, according
ponderal ounces
solid inches, the
would
be equal to 20-612
the two
being only 1*527 soHd inches.
Roman
was
one
the
thii'd
and
part of the
hemina
which
amphora,
The
are
also
or
semimodius
measures
less
than
ing,
vary-
to
contain
between
The
modius
quadrantal, which
contained
of
was
8 sextarii.
dry things,as
concha.
it
weight
difference
Sextarius
also
Measures
to
libra
measures
designed
originallywas
of
12
Roman
the
so
WEIGHTS
XXVI.]
SECT.
Table
of
the Roman
MEASURES.
AND
Measures
625
Eu^Hsh
Pecks.
Of the Arabian
such
for those
is necessary
measures
as
The
Measures.
knowledge
who
read
Gal.
of
the Arabian
Pints.
the
COMM.
Measure.
Sol.
inch.
Arabian
physicians,
Haly Abbas.
amphora.
equal to the Roman
Aldorach, equal to 2 xestse.
Joheni, equal to the congius of the Romans.
sextarius.
Kist, equal to a Roman
Korboni, equal to the hemina.
Kiliathi,equal to one half of the cotyla.
Dorach,
Briala,
of uncertain
measure
Mustarum,
to
cyathus.
equal to
Falgerin, equal to
Cuathum,
\ cyathus.
the
A
cochleare
par^Tim.
capacity.
greater equal
to
3
Greek
corruptionof the
fxvar^ov.
for
Measures
things Dry.
Hemina
0-5074
pint.
Sextarius
1-0148
Modius
1-0141
pints.
pecks.
Attic
for
Measures
things Dr}'.
0-9903
Roman
Measures
for
1-486
pint.
pints.
1-0906
bushels.
things Liquid.
Hemina
0-59759
Sextarius
1-19518
7-1712
Congius
Urna
"
3-5857
Amphora
7-1712
Culeus
2-27
Attic
K07V\"J
XoCc
Measures
for
pint.
pints.
pints.
gallons.
gallons.
hogsheads.
things Liquid.
0-5742
pint.
1-1483
pints.
pints.
6-8900
10-335
III.
lesser
Tables.
Decimal
Roman
hemina, the
gallons.
40
equal
WEIGHTS
626
CoMM.
Table
of the
used
by
usual
more
the
p.
[book
of Weights
Characters
and
Greek
'Metralogie/
MEASURES,
AND
Authors.
Roman
and
From
Measures
Paucton,
95.
Notes
ponderales
des
Romains.
Granum
Teruiicius
T.
Libella
Simplium
HS.Jis.ttS.N.
Sestertius,Nummus
Scriptulum, Scripulum,
Gramma
Victoriatus, Quinarius
Hemisescla
\.
Denarius,
drachma
\.u,v,
Semisicilicus
2-'
Sicilicus, sesquisextula
Duella, binae
sextulse
\\.uir.i3
Semuncia
Uncia,
oungia, ouggia
Sescuncia
....
Sextans
....
Quadrans
.z
l.ooo
....
Triens
oooo
....
.
Quincunx
Septunx
....
Bessis, Bes
ST-
"
"
"
Dodrans
....
Decunx,
I.
Dextans
Deunx
....
Dupondium
monas
TP.R.LL
.
VII.
^YEIGHTS
628
AND
MEASURES.
[book
COMM.
mensurales
Notes
Grecs.
des
Cheme
Ligida
Kochlearion,
Mystron
.
Kyathos
.
Baphion
Oxybaphon,
Kotyle,
TrybUon
Xestes
Choinix,
XX-
Cboenix
X-
Cbous
Medimnos
The
Cados
Metretes,
Keramion,
end
of
the
Commentary
Paulus
on
tEgineta.
VII.
GENERAL
Abrong,
article
an
see
the
in
of, and
its medicinal
their
uses
its medicinal
Acetabulum,
properties,iii,
See
properties, iii,29.
of the ancient
one
or
medicinal
Agate, its
account
medicine,
Aconite,
and
powers,
of the
its
of,
iii,28.
scalp,
properties
as
of
treatment
its
uses
cine,
in medi-
iii,29.
Restorative
or
Ointments,
on
the
used
sometimes
food
the
as
articles
of
ancients, i, 137.
by
Acrochordones,
description and general
treatment
of,ii,48 ; surgicaltreatment
of, 276.
Actual
cautery, application of, to the
head, ii,248,
250.
probably
Adarce,
iii,22
Adhesion
its
uses
of
the
species of zoophyte,
medicine, ibid.
ment
eyelids, surgical treatin
an
jErugo,
uses
Ms,
or
or
in
Mat
Med.,
Verdigris, nature
medicine, iii,142.
Copper,
see
Copper.
iii,24.
of, and
medicine,
in
uses
medicine, iii,19.
in medicine,
iii,20.
of
used
in
the
ment
treat-
ii,101 et seq.
Grass, its properties
Agrostis, or
as
medicine, iii,20.
Airs, on the different kinds of, i, 161.
in medicine, iii,
Alauda, or Lark, its uses
a
term
used
the
allusions
no
earliest
writer
by
the Arabians
wn-iters
iii,17
on,
ibid.
for
medicine
on
to,
Alcsea, or Vervain-mallow,
uses, iii,33.
Firmicus
its medicinal
Alcyonia, on
and
symptoms
its
Lepra, ii,21.
Alchemy, the ancient
i, 346, 348.
Acinus,
uses
Ageratum,
make
eruptivedisease
an
propertiesas
190.
iii,221, 223.
Achores,
Agaric, its
Albaras,
measures.
Measures.
Achates,
in tetanus,
use
of ulcers,
properties,iii,27.
its medicinal
Acarus,
its
Agglutinants, list
23.
Acanthus,
water, its
iii,18.
properties,iii,26.
its medicinal
medicine,
Agallochum,
treatment
Acauthium,
of cold
Affusion
iii,63, 64.
medicine,
jEthiopis,its properties as
iii,25.
ment
general treat-
and
womb,
thereof, 385-6.
Absintliium, varieties
Acacia,
teria
Ma-
surgical treatment
of the
Arabian
and
nature
the
Medica,
Abrotanum,
Abscess, on
in
INDEX.
the
varieties
medicinal
See
further
Lixivial.
description of their
properties,i, 136 ; their uses
Almonds,
dietetical
in medicine,
iii,41.
in
of, and its uses
Alabastrites, account
medicine, iii,226.
their
medicinal
Aloe, varieties of, and
properties, iii,34.
Alopecia, see under Hair.
Alphos, description of, ii, 16, "c., 33-5
Lepra alphoides
logists,23.
the
Alsine,
or
Chickweed,
of
modern
its medicinal
perties,
pro-
iii,35.
its
noso-
630
Alum, different
ancients, and
AMne
INDEX.
GENERAL
kinds
to the
of, known
361.
360,
uses, iii,
their
discharges, their
characters
in
fevers, i, 222.
food, i, 149.
Alypon, its medicinal
properties,iii,35.
or
Anise,
Alysson, or ^ladwort, its medicinal
perties, Anisum,
pro-
Marjoram,
or
its
in
uses
dicine,
me-
ui, 36.
Amaranth,
37.
iii,
properties,
its medicinal
treatment
of,
Amaurosis, symptoms
i, 421, 434.
under
Amber, see
Electrum, Ambergris,
and
and
Karabe.
Ambergris,
given by
its medicinal
properties
as
the
to
ibid.
Ambrosia,
of its medicinal
account
perties,
pro-
Amethyst,
Amiantus,
of
the
its
of, and
Amomum,
gem,
its
in the
their
uses,
of
treatment
its medicinal
the
different
iii,38, 39.
on
the
Ebn
to
its
uses
medicine, iii,
in
of persons
treatment
stung
under
the
uses,
Imperforate,and
on
Aphace,or
"Wild
399
the
treatment
fistulas
on
of, and
general diseases
uses,
Aphronitrum,
in
Apochyma,
iii,48.
uses,
Apocynum,
See
of
its
account
it, and
medicine, iii,62.
Old
or
Pitch, its medicinal
its deleterious
also Brassica
Apolinose, application
hemorrhoids,
effects,ii,242.
canina.
of
it
to
fistula;
ii,401, 403.
Apoplexy, symptoms
i, 392.'
and
treatment
of,
treatment
thereof, i, 311.
181.
of
Amputation
iii,46.
powers,
Tonsils, treatment
of its medicinal
account
and
40.
Amphisbaena,
by, ii,180,
Amphora, see
Antimony,
powers
Baithar, 436.
Ampeloprasum,
medicine,
iii,62.
paradisi,known
grana
medicinal
Antiades, or Indurated
of, ii,299.
treatment,
of, i. 600, 605.
ancient, and
mum
properties,iii,42 ; amo-
discussion
its medicinal
Anthyllis,its
their
medicine, iii,228.
in
uses
lieutery,i, 521.
Amrai, or Bishop's ^Yeed,
properties,iii,38.
Ammoniac,
description of
kinds
in
uses
of
Anus,
and
properties,iii,224.
^Yine, used
Aminsean
of, i, 609-14.
treatment
account
medicinal
its
articles
as
iii,356.
iii,27.
Amenorrhoea,
operation,
iii,46.
iii,36.
Amaracus,
the
ii,254-6.
Apples,
Weights.
extremities, ii,409-
food,
their
characters
i, 134
their
uses
articles
as
in
of
medicine,
iii,250.
article of
Apricot, its characters
as
an
quartans, i, 248;
in epilepsy,378, 381 ; in gout, 670.
food, i, 133.
the
Annirca, or Lees of Oil,its medicinal
ancient, by
eulogium on
perties, Arabs,
proBeckniann, iii,479.
iii,39.
Arabian
Stone, account
of,and its powers
AmygdaliE, see Almonds.
in
medicinal
its
225.
medicine,
iii,
Aniylum, or Starch,
uses,
in medicine, iii,
Arbute, its characters
iii,41.
184.
Anabrochismus,
description of the operation,
Arcion, or Burdock, its medicinal
ii,270.
powers,
of poisoning by,
treatment
iii,51.
Anacardium,
in medicine, iii,450.
Arctium, its medicinal
iii,51.
ii,242 ; its uses
powers,
414.
Amulets,
their
use
in
in medicine,
uses
iii,43.
Anagyrus,
Anchusse,
its medicinal
medicinal
Anethum,
uses,
iii,43.
or
ties,
proper-
iii,46.
Aneurism, surgicaltreatment
and treatment
Fevers, symptoms
of, i, 260 et seq.
Arena, or Sand, its uses in medicine, iii,
38.
Aigemone,
properties,iii,21.
or
Ardent
of,ii,312-6.
cinal
Prickly Poppy, its medi49.
iii,
powers,
its uses
in
Arisarum, or Friar's Cowl,
medicine, iii,49.
or
INDEX.
GENERAL
Aristolochia,
and
their
Arnieniacum,
and
or
medicinal
or
Ann, on
i",456-64.
their treatment,
Armpits,
Arnabo,
See
53, 54.
Artemisia,
Sandarach.
also
medicine, iii,457.
in
medicinal
its
Mugwort,
or
iii,52.
powers,
the
Arteriacs, on
of, i, 473.
and
nature
composition
the
et
and
of,
treatment
seq.
described
not
by
any
of
the
Columella, i, 114.
speciesof bread, i, 122.
ancients
but
Artologani,a
a
Arum,
plant resembling
herb, i, 114.
Arum,
or
Wakerobin,
di'agon-
the
medicinal
its
iii,53.
powers,
Asarabacca, its propertiesas a medicine,
iii,55.
Asclepias,or Swallow-wort, its medicinal
iii,56.
powers,
Ascyrron,
species
of
hypericum,
its
medicinal
57.
uses, iii,
Ash, its virtues as a medicine, iii,247.
their
of the ancient, and
Ashes, nature
medicinal
iii,372.
powers,
Asian
iii,
Stone, its medicinal
powers,
of
treatment
187,
"c.
viper,189.
its medicinal
Aspalatiius,
powers,
iii,57.
Asparagi,
116;
the
uses
of
shoots
young
in
of asparagus
plants,i,
medicine,
Asphaltos,
Bitumen,
or
its
in
uses
dicine,
me-
Spleenwort, its
medicinal
an
of, and
Atticus, account
Asthma,
used
as
475, "c.
its virtues
and
into
the
bread, i,
the
practice
Arabs, iii,449.
or
its uses
in medicine, iii,66.
Balote, or Base Horehound, its medicinal
iii,67.
uses,
in
or
Balsamum,
Balsam-tree, its uses
medicine, iii,67.
Bamboo-cane,
procured from, i,
sugar
See
319.
Barb, the
Sugar.
fish,described
bv
Ausonius, i,
161.
Barley,its
character
article of
food,
iii,195.
article of food, i, 115;
Basil, as au
its
virtues in medicine, iii,423.
of persons
Basilisk, treatment
stung by,
i, 123;
ii, 189
Bass,
as
an
its medicinal
ct
the
uses,
seq.
as
article
an
food, i, 161.
Bastard
Batos,
or
the
ancients
baths
or
Bramble,
took
spas,
its
them, 68
71.
medicinal
uses,
iii,68.
its medicinal
in
uses
248.
uses, iii,
medicine, iii,93,94.
account
Bean, characters
of the
uses
Grease, its
in
different
in the
use
varieties
medicine, iii,
199.
cure
of baldness,
Bear's
Breech,
treatment
of, i,
see
Acanthus.
iii,59.
svmptoms
of
medicine, iii,66.
Hair.
Baldness, treatment
of, see under
of Pomegranate,
Balaustium, or Flower
Bear's
in medicine,
bone,
i, 342.
iii,58.
powers,
Ass, flesh of the wild, sometimes
Aster
by
iii,61.
or
the
in
uses
Bdellium,
Kingspear,
or
Asplenium,
introduced
Bay-tree, its
medicinal
its
iii,60.
powers,
of
kind
coarse
Azederach,
Baum,
iii,58.
Asphodel,
dislocations
iii,61.
Autopvrus,
122'.
natural
Rosewood.
See
virtues
ment
Atheroma, descriptionand general treatof, ii,94, 95 ; surgicaltreatment
of, 311, 312.
Atractylis,or Distatf-thistle,its uses in
medicine, iii,61.
Atranientum
used
sntorium, sometimes
242
ii,
account
as
a
poison,
of, and
;
its uses
in medicine,
402.
iii,
Atriplex, or Orache, its medicinal
powers,
of
221, 224.
Asp,
Astragalus,on
Baccharis,
Arthritis, symptoms
Liquorice,its
medicine, iii,60.
operation,
ii,253.
657
in
of medicine
Arteriotomy, descriptionof
Artichoke,
Wild
Astragalus,or
ii,507, 508.
G31
food
Beccafigo,the
142.
in the
ficcdula
heroic
age,
of
Romans,
the
ibid.
i
INDEX.
GENERAL
632
Propolis.
Bee-glue, see
Beef,
i, 148.
Beet, used
its
its characters
as
as
article
food,
an
in
of
food, i, 112
noctis,
Ben-nut,
medicinal
Bubonium,
iii,65.
powers,
its
Berberis, or Berberry,
into medicine, iii,438.
Bereugemish,
as
its characters
Bettony, on
medicine, iii,71.
Bezoar,
or
its medicinal
Bindweed,
Bird-lime,
Bishop's Weed,
Bitumen,
Blatta
uses
medicine, iii,
in
337.
Blitum,
or
Elite, its properties as a potherb,
in medicine, iii,
i, 114 ; its uses
72.
medicinal
Blood,
kinds
Borax,
Bothrion,
BotiTs,
Ulcers
see
iii,73.
Brain, ancient
its
in
uses
Bran,
Crimnon.
see
known
the
to
with
uses
Breasts,
of the
Eyes.
in
uses,
ancients,
leaven
or
varieties
i,
122
yeast, 123
of,
prepared
its
the
diseases
of, i, 504
male,
its
the
medicine, iii,351.
its medicinal
uses, iii,
126.
Bruised
415.
nail,
on
the
treatment
of, ii,
medicinal
its medicinal
Burning,
or
for
medicine, iii,74.
treatment
of, ii,42-5.
application of the Cautery
eyelids, ii, 265 ; the armpits,
on
empyema,
the
; over
stomach, 336
332
spleen,
the
over
the
over
336
; over
hip-joints,
394.
Cabbage,
its
113;
taken
properties as
Cachexia, nature
Cactos, nature
in
of
its
Buprestis.
see
Burns,
the
poisoning by,
of
in
uses
Broom,
Broth,
uses
of
Ox-eye,
or
Cacalia,
Cacanus,
its
of, in
iii,76.
been
Bronchotomy, said to have
formed
perby Hippocrates in quinsy, i,
166.
For a descriptionof the operation,
see
Laryngotomy.
account
powers
iii,74.
liver,335
the
mine
deter-
to
emetic, iii,73.
treatment
Burncow,
330
of
food, i,
iii,77.
medicinal
ii,230, 231.
or
Earth-nut,
Bunium,
to, the
medicine, iii,55.
on
BuU's-blood,
203
Batos.
description
powers,
difficult
and
Buprestis,treatment
medicine, iii,99.
see
article of
an
Bulimia, or
Bulimos, treatment
fevers, i, 313.
Bullae, see Phlyctsnse.
powers,
of, iii,476.
physiologj-of the, i, 83
Bramble,
Bread,
uses,
iii,287.
or
as
esculent
Buphthalmum,
Tincar, account
or
Rhamnus.
esculent,
powers,
of, iii,25.
Coronopus.
exactly, i, 118;
Aspbaltos.
see
Pistrina, its
bread,
iii,170.
in medicine,
uses
its medicinal
of the
of
sort
cine,
purgative medi-
compound
see
Bulbi, the
Ammi,
see
of
name
Aristolochia.
see
the
iii,494.
Buccinae, their
115;
Viscum.
see
Birthwort,
283.
iii,
powers,
Atticus.
Aster
see
Buckthorn,
iii,426.
medicine,
surgical treatment
Buckthorn-plantain, see
into
its introduction
of
account
treatment
i, 589
Buccellatus,
iii,477.
Bettonica,
and
Buccellatum,
i, 125.
introduction
Gariofilatum,
Ozimum
or
in
uses
of, ii,377-9.
its
Nut-ben,
or
iii,
uses,
medicine, iii,79.
of, ii, 71-3.
of, and its
general account
its
nature
treatment,
Epinyctis.
see
Bubo,
Bubonocele,
medicine, iii,371.
iii,478.
upon,
dissertation
Benet
or
78.
Bryony,
uses
Behen,
Brvon,
article of
an
176
; its uses
see
pot-herb, i,
prevent intoxication,
in medicine, iii,193.
to
Cacanus.
account
of, and
its
in
uses
dicine,
me-
iii,148.
and
treatment
of, and
its
uses
of,i,568.
effects
in
as
cine,
medi-
GENERAL
Caeliac
affection
and
symptoms
INDEX.
Caryophyllon,
ment
treat-
of, i, 520.
Calais, account
as
228.
of, as a medicine, iii,
cinal
BuII-reed, its medi-
iii,151.
powers,
in medicine, iii,151.
Calainintli,its uses
Calculus,
or
Sweet-cane, its
iii,152.
ment
Lithotomy ; general treat-
powers,
see
of, i, 541
Callus,
of
ii,476
bones
on
of the
treatment
;
uterus,
from, 477
of distortion
which
have
Cassia
632.
tures,
in frac-
redundant,
united
not
given by
as
the
ments,
surgical instru-
general
surgicaltreatment
and
symptoms
of, ii,79-83;
ment
treat-
of, ii,334-336.
appetite, in fevers, treatment
Canine
of,
i, 314.
in
of Pines, their
uses
medicine, iii,302.
Cannabis, or Hemp, its uses in medicine,
iii,155,
or
treatment
201
Elder,
et seq ;
Caparis,or
uses
under
see
of
Elder.
of in
Caper-tree,its
uses
cine,
in medi-
Carbuncle
of the eyelids,treatment
of,
ment
treatand
1,419, 432; general nature
of, ii,75, 79 ; the gem
scarcely
used as a medicine, iii,224.
Carcinoma, of the eyelids,i, 419, 432.
its medicinal
Cardamom,
properties,iii,
157.
C.
of from
Celsus,
disease, account
Aurelianus, and
Aretaeus, i, 292
et seq.
Carline Thistle, its characters
as
an
article
or
an
Siliqua;,
food, i, 137.
Wood,
Carious
inferior
article of
uses
medicine, iii,
in
Carpesia, treatment
of
Carpesium, falselytaken
for
in
medicine, iii,159.
or
Staphylinus,its
cubebs, its
article of
of
its characters
as
ancient
rities
autho-
the
beaver, iii,
medicine, 163,
Catalepsy,symptoms
and
as
cine,
medi-
characters
of, i,
treatment
of in fevers, i,301,
Catapliora,treatment
Cataract, surgicaltreatment
of, ii,280-5.
or
Eruca, its propertiesas a
Cateri)illar,
medicine, iii,153.
and
Catarrh, symptoms
of, i,
treatment
469.
Caucalis,
Carrot, its
Wild
or
uses
in
Cauda
ii,351.
Cedrus, or
iii,164,
Celandine,
Juniper, its
or
medicine,
Cenchrinus,
medicinal
Chelidonium,
iii,412.
treatment
of
as
its
uses,
uses
persons
in
stung
treatment
of,
i, 355.
or
Wax,
its
uses
in
medicine, iii,
169.
ii, 189
treatment
of
persons
stung
187-9.
or
article of
food, i, 118.
as
Cartilaginousfishes,their characters
articles of food, i, 169 et seq.
cine,
Carum, or Caraway, its virtues as a mediiii,158.
of the
and
treatment
Carus, symptoms
disease,i,372.
an
bark
See Ricinus.
iii,170, 171.
Castration, descriptionof the operation,
by,
218.
Carrot,
Cerastes,
326.
uses
of
Castor-oil
Cera,
its
testicles
the
Cephalaca,symptoms
of food, i, 113.
Carobs,
Cassia
medicine, iii,163.
iii,155.
Cardiac
the
369, "c.
Canker-worms
Cantharis,
as
moderns,
iii,379.
ii,471.
Canopum,
lignea,same
iii,161.
Castor, supposed by the
162
characters
Ara'jians, iii,427.
of these
Canals, nature
Cancers,
the
for
of, 477.
want
Caniphora, its
161.
as a medicine, iii,
characters
fistida,its medicinal
as
given by the Arabians, iii,429-31 ; of
the Greeks
different substance,
a very
iii,161.
Cassia
aromaticus,
medicinal
iii,161.
Calamagrostis, or
Calamus
633
170.
Ceterach,
sec
Asplcniiun.
INDEX.
GENERAL
G34
of the
Chalazia
See
was,
sutorium.
Atramentum
in
the
Chalcitis, disquisitionon
of,
nature
Chamseleon,
poisoning by,
of
treatment
its characters
as
its characters
Chamsedrops,
as
its
or
Germander,
iii,406.
Chamoeleuce,
Ground
or
in
uses
Poplar, its
417.
Ground
See
dislocations
in
medicine, iii,
Mezereon.
for the
Chaste-tree,
and
weights
different
uses,
and
svmptoms
i,412, 425.
Cherry, see Cerasion.
Clysters,descriptionof
characters
of
articles
as
of, i, 676.
Ulcers,
and
symptoms
ment
treat-
Cholera,
515
and
Chondrus
as
is
from
grain prepared
Cicada
of
sort
shelled
of
418
spelt, i,
its
123
in medicine,
uses
eyes, treatment
of black, ii, 118.
as
of, i,
medicine,
Succory,
its
medicinal
iii,176.
powers,
Cider, ancients
well
acquainted
with
the
or
iii,188.
treatment
Bugs, their
medicinal
and
of, i,
treatment
uses,
iii,72.
its
uses
in
Symphytum.
see
in medicine, iii,178.
uses
of
treated
poisonous substance
by the Arabians, ii,242.
of the Uterus, treatment
of,iii,
Condyloma
of the anus, treatment
382,383;
of,405.
Conchyha,
their
Condisi,
iii,112.
or
Ulcers.
see
Comfrey,
the
treatment
Cichorium,
uses
531, "c.
iii,390.
Cicatrices
iii,548, 558.
medicine, iii,415.
Tree-hopper,
or
i, 168
Romans,
^Egilops,
see
Colic, symptoms
iii,414.
Farro,
or
the
of personsinjuredby,i,49.
tion,
Collyria,varieties of, and their composi-
Cold,
Gum
or
medicine,
used
of, i,
treatment
Cockle,
Coeloma,
Margravius, 490.
to
seq.
Chondrile,
as
iii,489;
symptoms
et
ancient, i,57.
as
Saffron, its powers
Cnicus, or
dote
antiused
178
a medicine,
as
an
iii,
;
to poisons, ibid ; its general uses
in medicine,
iii,175.
of poisoning
Coagulated MOk, treatment
delicacy by
Cholagogues, nature
Mesue,
the
enlarged,
Alsine.
Chilblains, treatment
Chironian
of,
treatment
Cicer.
see
of
by, ii,231.
food, i, 138.
Chickweed, see
Chickpea,
Field-basil,its medicinal
or
iii,178.
Bastard
Chemosis,
their
iii,177.
ii,381, 382.
iii,382.
Chesnuts,
its medicinal
Virgin'sBower,
or
; on
484.
of, ii,482,
Clinopodium
Yitex.
see
Clematis,
uses,
626-28.
iii,
measures,
fractures
Cla^icle,on
iii,410.
410,412.
Characters
its virtues
Fig,
its characters
Chameljea,
of
article
an
as
as
food, i, 137.
of, i,
Clavus, or Corns, on the treatment
678 ; of the feet,treatment
of, ii,416,
iii,409.
in medicine,
its characters
Citron,
\"irtues
its
or
Rock-rose,
medicine, iii,174.
uses
medicine, iii,407.
or
Chamomile, its uses in
medicine, iii,408.
Pine, its virtues
Chamajpitys, or Ground
or
its
iii,173.
powers,
372.
in
in medicine,
or
Cistus
Chamaemelmu,
Chamffisyce,
Circsea,
cine,
medi-
iii,410.
medicine,
iii,172.
powers,
Quiiiquefolium.
Enchanter's
Nightshade,
medicinal
medicine,
iii,407.
Chamjedrys,
uses
iii,171.
its medicinal
Cinnamon,
its
Sanguis Draconis,
or
medicine,
Cinquefoil,see
iii,399-401.
ii, 208
i, 113.
Cinnabaris
iii, 402.
disquisition on,
Chalcanthos,
it
of determining what
Cinara, difficulty
eyelid,surgicaltreatment
of, ii,275.
powers,
or
and
ancient
Synochous
treatment
opinions
Fevers, symptoms
of, i, 256.
GENERAL
636
INDEX.
DiocLES,
remarks
186.
on,
different
in
uses
Echium,
its medicinal
powers,
Eye,
the
of, i,
treatment
disease
Ectropion, symptoms
423.
Dog-rose,
Hip-tree,its
or
cine,
medi-
in
iii,203.
the
Dorcas,
reckoned
its flesh
delicious, i, 148
and
named
Dorycnium,
ii, 225
its medicinal
as
uses,
iii,96.
Dragon-herb,
pot-herb, i, 114;
Dracunculus,
or
its characters
its medicinal
virtues,iii,97.
Drachm,
Weights.
see
Dropaces,
Calefacient
or
Plasters, composition
Dropsy, treatment
surgicaltreatment
106.
of
treatment
Dryinus,
ii, 181,
persons
stung by,
182.
its
Oak-fern,
Dryopteris, or
medicinal
virtues, iii,97.
Dung,
its
as
an
article of
food,
Weights,
in
uses
and
treatment
of,
and
treatment
of,
i, 505, "c.
of, i, 517.
Dysuria, treatment
characters
as
given by the
the
authorities,i, 144 ; how
ancients
preserved them, ibid. ; their
in medicine,
uses
iii,422.
medicinal
its
Elaphoboscus,
iii,
powers,
104.
239,
on
the
diseases
of, i, 437
Eagle-stone,or ^Etites,its
the
uses
et
seq.
in medicine,
medicinal, of the
or
iii,104.
Elbow, on
dislocations
uses
powers,
at
492.
in
Elder, two speciesof, and their uses
30.
medicine, iii,
cine,
Elffiomeli,nature
of, and its uses in medi-
iii,102.
Electrum, or Amber,
iii,129.
its medicinal
uses,
its uses
in medicine, iii,105.
of its hoofs
in medicine,
Elephant, use
iii,106.
and
treatment
Elephantiasis, symptoms
of, ii, 1-14 ; probably the original of
syphilis, 14; still prevalent in certain
countries, 15.
Elecampane,
Elechrysum,
in
or
Shrubby Everlasting,its
medicine, iii,109.
ancients,
of, in medicine,
iii,98, 99.
of, ii,87.
powers,
Embryulcia, description
of the
See
Menstrual
Emphysema,
Empetrum,
uses
in
of, iii,
or
"c.
Discharge.
symptoms
;
of, i, 612,
account
and
treatment
of,
of the
its
medicine, iii,100.
Emplastic medicines, descriptionof,iii,7.
and
Encanthis, symptoms
treatment
of,
i, 430, "c. ; surgical treatment
of, ii,
uses
the
iii,
powers,
103.
ii,84, 86
iii,83, 85.
Earthworms,
iii,85.
503-510.
iii,227.
Earths,
of
its medicinal
2i0;
Emmenagogues,
Ear,
food,
their
Embryotomy,
i, 513, "c.
Dysentery, symptoms
article of
an
84.
medicine, iii,186.
Dyspepsia, symptoms
as
ment
general treatment
surgical treat-
dietetical
uses
its characters
i, 143.
Duella, see
Eggs,
Elatine,
pulse
ment
treat-
eye,
i, 160.
102,
Gazelle,
"wholesome
the
and
Elaterium, treatment
uses
of
Dictamnus.
Dittany, see
medicinal
Distaff-thistle,see Atractylis.
Dislocations, see Luxations,
Duck,
Viper'sBugloss,its
or
their
properties, iii,122.
Ecpiesmus,
iii,95.
Dross
kinds
of, and
medicine, iii,121.
Echinos,
in
medicine, iii,95.
Dipsacus, or Teasel,
of
stung by,
ii, 177-180.
Disorder
of persons
Echidna, treatment
276.
in
INDEX.
GENERAL
Endive,
its characters
as
of
article
an
medicine, iii,
in
uses
ii,372, 377.
Ephemeral
and
Fevers, symptoms
222
of
same
the
as
hermodactylus
poisoning hy,
its medicinal
and
colchicum
powers,
"c.
in
medicinal
its
in
of
Hellebore, its
of
Erinos,
its
Water-basil,
or
its
medicinal
or
Eryngo,
Erysipelas,symptoms
ii,65-70
iii,132.
uses,
and
tlie
on
of,
treatment
cations
liquidappli-
of
use
its medicinal
Hedge-mustard,
or
iii,117.
uses,
Erythrodanum,
or
its medicinal
Madder,
iii,116.
uses,
ii, 241
its
Eupatorium,
of,i,345
ii,37-39.
respecting,and
iii,1
its
18.
head, and
symptoms
and
treatment
of,
treatment
of, ii,47.
treatment
those
or
Umbilical
general
by
on
of
tural,
preterna-
powers,
iii,103,
feet, 176
ment
treat-
Fleawort,
ii,211.
fractures
the
on
Forceps,
i, 650
in
;
diseases
of, i, 409
of, i,452.
at
midwifery
great
poisoning by,
the, ii,470.
to Avicenna,
known
found
one
ii,405.
reckoned
of
in the
house
of
an
Porapei, 652.
at
of
account
of
food, i,
their
ences,
differ-
articles
as
139, cS:C.
see
V'ulpes.
Fractures,
of, and
account
ii,427-478
190,191.
anus,
treatment
Friar's
Cowl,
the
wound,
its medicinal
the
on
; of
with
complicated
Frankincense,
the affections
of the
Freckles
Facies
of, i,347.
treatment
Fox,
Hernia,
et seq.
Face,
upon,
104.
of, ii,340-342.
the
of, i,
Clinopodium.
ii,331.
Fir-tree, its medicinal
Fowls,
used
ancients, i, 20-27.
on
and
Fici,symptoms
Field-basil,see
Foot,
of the
description of
Exomphalos,
Eye,
medicine, iii,312.
in
uses
obstetrix
Excoriations,
Exercises,
poisoning by,
medicine, iii,119.
in
uses
doubts
in medicine,
uses
Exanthemata
of
treatment
Euphorbium,
the
anus,
Erysimum,
in medicine,
uses
Fingers,surgicaltreatment
iii, 118.
its medicinal
iii,373.
powers,
Leaven, its
or
article of food,
an
as
Fig, its characters
i, 129, 132; green figs,their medicinal
iii,272 ; ripe figs,362, 363.
uses,
cine,
in mediFilix,or Female
Fern, its uses
iii,136.
iii,114.
powers,
Eruca,
Thyme,
Heath.
see
its medicinal
Fermentum,
and
treatment
symptoms
ancient
authorities
187-335;
uses
of, ii,294.
242.
iii,
medicine,
in
uses
187.
Dodder
or
its
Fevers,
medicine, iii.111.
in
uses
in medicine,
Giant,
Fern, its
medicine, iii,112.
Epithymum,
seq.
uses
iii,126.
of, i,457;
of, i, 325.
Bastard
Epipactis,or
its
of,
treatment
iii,265.
treatment
treatment
in fevers, treatment
Fennel,
et
Fenugreek,
uses,
Epistaxis, general
and
Flux, symptoms
i, 617
Fennel,
iii,112.
and
Epinyctis, symptoms
the disease, ii,39, 40.
stood,
under-
well
not
448.
iii,
Female
medicine, iii.111.
Epimelis, or Crab-tree,
probably
of,ii, 97-99.
treatment
medicine
Arabic
an
medicine,
iii,454.
and
Favi, nature
Fel,
iii,119.
Arabic
an
catechu,
areca
treatment
or
ment
treat-
Ephemeron,
substance
Fagre, a medicinal
the
456.
Arabians,
iii,
by
Spelt, its dietctical characters,
or
described
Far,
319.
ment
Enterocele, descriptionand general treatof,
of, i, 589 ; surgicaltreatment
ii,
Fagara
637
see
face, remedies
skull, 429
472.
uses,
iii,217.
for,i,452.
Arisarum.
kinds
of, 28.
GENERAL
638
Frog,
used
not
as
of
article
an
INDEX.
food
by
Glaucium,
the
of
Fucus
their
articles
characters
as
its
FuUgo,
in
uses
or
Fumaria,
or
uses,
iii,159.
and
Furunculus, symptoms
ii,73-75.
Gagate,
Jet, used
or
i, 380
as
of,
treatment
of
test
its virtues
Milkwort,
or
Gluten, or
iii,181.
iii,
its medicinal
of, and
account
its medicinal
Glue, its
uses,
uses
in
Liquorice, its
medicine,
medicinal
its medicinal
or
Cudweed,
89.
iii,
powers,
article
Goat's-flesh, its characters
as an
of food, i, 148.
Goat's-horn, its uses in medicine, iii,166.
Godwit, probably the attagen of the ancients,
i, 140
medicine, iii,433.
in medicine, iii,398.
Galiopsis,its medicinal
uses, iii,81.
Galium, its medicinal
uses, iii,80.
413.
in medicine, iii,
Gall, or Bile, its uses
uses
Galls,
or
medicinal
uses,
by Alexander
Haly Abbas,
Tral-
their
iii,168.
noticed
Gall-stones,
lian, i, 566
by
and
and treatment
of,ii,50,
Ganglion, nature
51 ; surgicaltreatment
of, 317, 318.
and
Gangrene, or Sphacelus, symptoms
its
uses
description
used
Dorcas,
or
on
organs,
the best
of
the
ration,
ope-
the
for
food, i, 148.
of,i,600 ;
diseases
or
Cerbera
into
as
an
uses,
See
and
treatment
of,
Gordylium,
see
an
article of food,
Tordylium.
article of food, i,
as
an
182.
127, 128 ; its medicinal
uses, iii,
and
treatment
Gout, varieties
of, i,
Gourd,
of
use
657-676.
Gramen,
or
Grass, see Agrostis.
Gnidium, account
of,and its uses
in medicine, iii,179.
Granum
tinctorum, iii,180.
Granum
Kelkel, iii,466.
manghas,
medicine,
its introduction
iii,467.
as
an
article of
i,163.
Gum, its medicinal
qualitiesas
an
cle
arti-
powers,
iii,184.
of
White, treatment
Gypsum, or Mineral
writers
poisoning by, ii,233 ; modern
on
toxicology have overlooked, 234;
Gyris,
used
as
or
91.
a medicine, iii,
as
Pollen, its medicinal
powers,
iii,91.
uses,
Haematite,
uses
of its
food, i, 132.
in medicine,
Grape-stones, their uses
iii,86.
Gromwel, see Lithospermum.
Ground-ivy, or Chamsecissos, its uses in
medicine, iii,407.
Ground-poplar, or Chamaeleuce, its uses
in medicine, iii,407.
Groundsel, see Senecio.
article of food,
Gudgeon, used as an
its characters
account
of
ii,342-345.
Gazelle,
or
of as
Goose, characters
i,143.
Goose-foot, see Botrys.
Grape,
of, ii,59-61.
in medicine, iii,345.
Gastrorapbe,
after
Granum
others, 586.
treatment
sought
ibid.
Gonorrhoea, symptoms
into
its
Galbanum,
much
account
Galanga,
or
food,
article of
iii,90.
iii,222.
powers,
Galangal,
Celsus
disease, i,
iii,88.
Gongylis,
Genital
the
iii,87.
epilepsy,
medicine,
iu
225.
Galactites,
Garlic,
of
account
Gnaphalium,
iii,56.
Gallaj,
its medicinal
421-434.
uses,
powers,
Poppy,
iii,87.
Glycyrrhiza, or
iii,397.
medicine,
Glaucoma,
Glaux,
characters, i,128.
Frumentacea,
Horned
or
uses,
in
medicine,
iii,245.
of the
ancient, and
Glass, account
in medicine, iii,383, 384.
uses
its
or
Bloodstone,
haemoptysis,i. 489
its
its
use
general uses
in
in
by Actuarius,
GENERAL
Ilacmorrhus,
on
the treatment
by, ii,183-185;
stung
viper,185.
Hager Albuzecb,
INDEX.
of persons
the
of, i, 603
ii. 382, 383
Arabian
mechcine,
Arabian
medicine,
an
an
corneolus,
Lapis
of, iii,476.
account
the
on
of, i, 337,
diseases
"c.
its
in medicine,
iii,380.
fish, noticed
writers, i, 165.
by
uses
the
Halimus,
food, i,1 13
iii,32.
Hand
and
Fingers,
its
used
as
an
in medicine,
uses
general
Heart, temperaments
i, 94
et
seq.
; on
fractures
on
of
the
of, 350.
afl'ections
treatment
Hearing, difficult,
of, 501.
of, i, 440.
of, 494.
Herpes,
iii,510.
symptoms
Hiccup,
Hierae,
of in
treatment
the
on
the
Black,
on
iii,128.
effects
Socrates, 212;
of
of
in
its
of,
fevers, i,321.
500-3.
of, iii,
composition
and
Hip-joint, symptoms
dislocations
its
the
in
uses
case
of
medicine,
iii,206.
of its bones,
ii,454,
its
of
tures
frac-
on
455.
medicinal
powers,
iii,143.
its
Hippolapathum,
in
uses
medicine,
or
Horse-fennel, its
medicine, iii,143.
iii,144.
Ilippophaes,its medicinal
uses,
cinal
Hippopotamus, or Sea-horse, its mediuses, iii,144.
Hippomarathmni,
in
uses
Hipposehnum,
Horse-parsley,its
or
in
Horse's-tail,its uses
iii,144.
Holostium, its medicinal
powers,
its
178
its
uses
from
treating,
the
nose
medicinal
its
French,
humulus
or
stated
as
powers,
Hordeolum,
or
Horehound,
Horon, or
Marrubium.
see
disquisitionon,
Bombax,
See
471.
iii,
also Cotton.
Poppy,
see
Glaucium.
uses,
iii,95.
Sec
Diphrjges.
Hyacinth, the herb,
iii,382, 383
its
the gem,
uses
its
in
uses
medicine,
cine,
in medi-
475.
Hydatids,
and
564
of
274.
iii,
food, i,
of
iii,128.
powers,
Husk
dicine,
me-
medicine, iii,246.
in
uses
article
an
as
Honeysuckle,
Hops,
dicinal
me-
iii,144.
uses,
Horned
in
uses
treatment
Hippocampus,
treatment
treatment
"c.
treatment
medicine, iii,227.
Honey,
uses,
their
of, and
account
ii,381.
treatment,
Hippuris, or
211,
in gout, i, 660,
use
medicine, iii,1 14 ; preparation
its
in
uses
iii,143.
physiology of,
and
the
in
uses
quotidian, i,
bones
of, ii,465, 466.
of as an article of food,
Hare, characters
i, 149.
in medicine, iii,
166.
Hartshorn, its uses
Heads, their medicinal
iii,167.
uses,
of in fevers,ii,301 ;
Headache, treatment
treatment
its
Hermaphrodites,
cient
an-
of
species
their
ii, 61.
Sea-pursiane,
or
article of
of, and
iii,386.
Hernia, different
several
of,
treatment
anus,
252.
251,
"c.
varieties
Hermodactylus,
Isicia.
see
ment
general treatof,
surgicaltreatment
of the
medicine,
Hepialus,
or
Womb,
403.
Henbane,
iii,477.
Salachil,
Hager
Hair,
of the
Hemorrhoids
of
vai'iety
iii,476.
Hager xVlcazaha,
Haggis,
639
described
Rhases,
;
of the
removal
of, ii,271.
list of, and
Hvdragogues,
"iii,
492.
by Aretacus, Galen,
; by Hippocrates,
eyelids,operation for the
i, 574
their
action,
640
GENERAL
INDEX.
Infancy, diseases
of,
'ii,
250-253.
Infants,
for, ii,365-368.
ii,127
treatment,
Hvdropiper,
Inflammation
i, 410
its
of
et
and
modes
ef
iii,
385.
seq.
of the
stung bv,
persons
186.
stomach, symptoms
of
the
description
of
the
ancient,
for
operations
Intermitting pulse,characters
medicine, iii,388.
Hypocistis,
its
iii,
389.
its
in
uses
medicine,
iii,389.
Bruised
or
of,
Spots, treatment
452.
'i,
Hj'popyon
of the
general treatment
of,
surgicaltreatment
eye,
Imperforate Glans,
or
Hyposphagma
1,412, "c.
146.
Ischiatic
disease, symptoms
Isicia, an
the
ration,
ope-
of the
eves,
of,
treatment
Isopyrum
iii,148.
uses,
inquiry
what
and
disease
its
it
ii,70-78.
inquiry what
disease
it was,
ii, 68.
and
of, i,
treatment
539, "c.
women,
383,384;
anus,
of,
treatment
treatment
used
of
article
an
of
of, and
account
iii, 146-7.
the
was
its
CarUna
of, 405.
447
acaulis, ibid.
medicine,
dislocations
; on
iii, 221,
probably
of,
treatment
of, 479,
"c.
species of jasminum,
iii,458.
iii,
powers,
221, 223.
characters
;
the
are
articles
as
serica
of
of
Galen,
ibid.
Juniper,
in
uses
Jujubes, their
food, i, 137
auditorius,treatment
pudendum,
term
pregnant
foetus, i, 2, 3.
meatus
Impetigo,
of, in
influence
the
as
and
Jaundice, svmptoms
i, 580.
of the
Jaw, on fractures
Judaic
on
tion,
composi-
223.
Jesemin,
Imperforate
used
in medicine,
treatment
probably
Jasper,
it was,
root, inquiry what
in medicine, iii,140.
Imagination,
ment
treat-
i, 582.
term,
Jaundice
Ileus, s\'mptoms
their
Bogbean,
or
its virtues
Ignis Persicus,
of, and
account
not
Isinglass-fish,
Ixia,
was,
and
food, i, 162.
Ichthyocolla,its medicinal
Icterus, etymology of the
Ignis sacer,
the
on
i, 171.
ii,256-258.
uses
of, i, 220.
of, ibid.
treatment
of, i,
of, ii,347.
Hypospathismus, descriptionof
Idaean
pulse, characters
Hypospadiaeum,
See
ment
treat-
43.
ii,279, 280.
treatment
skull,
of, i, 101.
Intoxication,
medicine,
in
uses
Hypoglossum,
Hvpopia,
the
on
ii, 434.
Intercurrent
in
uses
the
Hypericum,
its
iii,
243-4.
of, and
and
womb,
of, 632.
treatment
in medicine,
iii,388.
Hypecoum.its
uses
Hypercatharsis. treatment
of,iii,499.
account
of,
treatment
eyes,
of, i, 514;
treatment
Instruments
of
treatment
the
seq.
in
medicine,
uses
of
et
Inflation
Ink,
Hydrophobia, history
'ii,
185,
of, i, 8
management
et seq.
of its uses
and modes
Hydromel, account
of preparing,i, 179.
Hydrops uteri, described by Hippocrates,
See Dropsy.
i, 573.
Hydrocele, description of the operation
Hvdrus,
of, i, 10-12.
the
on
varieties
of
used
in
medicine,
iii,50, 164.
Jusculum,
or
Broth,
iii,126.
its medicinal
perties,
pro-
599.
Impostors
in the
profession,account
ii,245.
Incubus, svmptoms
388, "c'.
Indigestion,on
the
of,
Kadi,
an
Arabian
medicine,
account
of,
iii,460.
and
treatment
treatment
of, i,
of, i, 44.
the, iii,453-4
Karabe,
disquisitionon
probably not amber
ibid
as
generallysupposed,
GENERAL
Kidneys, on
"c.
ness
the
of the,
diseases
Lentes,
i, 541,
hemorrhage
of, 546, 556.
medicine
Kustberkush, an Arabian
Tamarix
orientaHs, iii,467.
used
Lettuce,
or
uses,
Ladanum,
its
medicine, iii,208.
in
uses
Lagophthalmos,
Hare-eye,
or
i, 366,
Lamprey,
of
food, i, 165.
or
Wool,
article
an
medicinal
its
Lana,
as
of
iii,
uses,
113.
or
Dock, its medicinal
uses,
iii,210.
477.
Lapis Lazuli, its medicinal
uses, iii,
See Cyanus.
of, iii,227.
Lapis Ljmcnrius, account
of, iii,351.
Lapis Specularis,account
as
a
Lappa, or Cleavers, its characters
used
;
as
article
an
Aral)ians
of
iii,
uses,
193.
Laryngotomy, descriptionof
the
ment,
of, and their treati, 30-6.
its uses,
Lathvris, a species of spmge,
Lily,its
Bay-tree.
Broom.
acquainted with
237,
qualities,
238
medicine, iii,255.
Leaf, the Malabathrum,
iii,397.
or
Leaven,
see
Leeches,
in
uses
Cassia-leaf,
of persons
treatment
who
have
380.
on
of
probably
the, ii,469.
the
Mussaenda
said
III.
by
wounds
of
of,
in
arteries,
medicine, iii,196.
See
of
treatment
its
uses
medicine,
iii,
Limpets,
Tellinae.
see
in
or
the
and
anus
to
to
the
iii,230.
of the fever,iii,252.
Liquorice,see Glycyrrhiza.
of poisoning by, ii,
Litharge,treatment
LipjTia, account
its uses
in
fron-
i, 549
medicine, iii,219.
views
regarding,
et seq.
Lithospermum,
have
to
Avicenna,!, 137
described
treatment
ancient
Lithontriptics,
dosa, iii,467.
Lemon,
in
uses
236, 237
fractures
Lehibach,
and
Fermentum.
Leg,
cine,
in medi-
uses
380.
its deleterious
it
of
235, 236
in health, i, 54.
persons
of poisoning by, ii,237
Lead, treatment
well
authors
ancient
what
Nymphtea.
Lime,
Butcher's
see
to
ancients
impetigo,26
ii,130.
under
Laxatives
the term
described, ibid.
Lichen, the vegetable,its
iii,211.
Ligature,use
iii,"
209.
Herba,
under
i, 520, "c.
Lassitude, varieties
Laurus
iii,215.
powers,
Lientery,^symptoms
tion,
opera-
ii,303-5.
Lauriis, see
of,
treatment
33.
tropicus, by
its medicinal
and
and
treatment
of,
Leucoma,
symptoms
431.
i,418,
Lichen, descriptionof the disease, ii,24
"c. ; tendency to pass into lepra and
by the
scabies, 25, 26 ; described
iii,47.
Lark, sometimes
food, i, 141
in
uses
in
Leucacantha, or White-thorn, its uses
medicine, iii,214.
Leuce, description of the disease, ii,
31, 32; the snow-white
leprosy of
with
the Jews, 32 ; mixed
tiasis,
elephan-
Lapathum,
medicine,
uses,
"c.
its medicinal
Leucas,
iii,209,
account
Leaf, its
Lion's
treatment
of, ii,266.
powers,
their
medicine, iii,212.
in
Lepidium, or Pepperwort, its uses
medicine, iii,212.
ment
and treatLepra, or Leprosy, symptoms
of, ii,16, "c. ; term
lepra not
cinal
its medi-
iii,392.
or
Leontopetalon,or
insomno-
in
183
Lentiscus,
iii,365.
the
ally
especi-
Egyptians, i, 126
in medicine,
uses
of food,
articles
as
the
by
Lactuca,
Weights.
see
Lentils, used
hard
641
INDEX.
"
Ebn
been
statement
noticed
corrected
Baithar,iii,472.
by
;
as
ters
or
Gromwel, its characmedicine, iii,229.
41
opinions
INDEX.
GENERAL
642
et
and
uses
of
seq ;
ai'ticle of food,
and
or
Lizard, its
iii,328.
article of food, i,143
an
as
Lonchitis,
Looseness
of in
bowels, treatment
food, i, 138
the
an
as
medicinal
the
as
et
powers
of
kinds
of, i,
treatment
physiology of,
and
et seq. ; their
i, 83
medicine,
in
uses
inferior article of
food, i,127
as
given by Galen,
medicine, iii,136.
its characters
in
uses
Luxations,
fatal, 481,
wound,
482
509;
Burton
and
respecting,390.
of,
Lycium, account
of the
Mead's
disease,
opinions
of, i,
treatment
of
account
the
different
iii,443-45.
cine,
in medi-
uses
iii,473.
Amaracus.
see
its
Marrow,
in
uses
iii,257.
medicine,
its characters
Horehound,
or
in medicine, iii,309.
Masticatories, on the composition of, i,
Campion,
or
its virtues
and
in
its
in
uses
cine,
medi-
Hound's-tongue,
medicine, iii,234.
Stone, its uses
Lvdian
in
its
uses
medicine,
in
iii,
'327.
Lixivia.
Lyes, see
Lysimachium,
Meadow
Rue,
Meadow
Saffron, see
Meals
of the
see
Thalictrum.
Hermodactylus.
its medicinal
powers,
iii,
Diets,
of, i, 330.
of bodies
from,
289-91.
account
Meconium,
of, iii,250.
as
a medicine, iii,
Medium, its characters
249.
Meizaragi, the
235.
See
ancients, i. 108.
history
of those used by
Measures, full account
the ancients, iii,609-27.
Meatus
auditorius, imperforate,ii, 288 ;
extraction
iii,235.
Lycopsis, or
in medicine, iii,423.
Mastich, its uses
I\Iasucha, composition of, iii,601.
Maudlin, see Ageratum.
Materia
Medica, list of ancient authorities
iii,3.
upon,
Maza, how
prepared, i,124.
ileasles, ancient
iii,234.
medicine,
Lychnis,
with
comphcated
Lycanthropia, description
;
et
479-82;
jaw,
ibid.
seq. ; of
sometimes
of, ii,478
account
lower
i, 389
of
in
uses
59, 60.
iii,304.
Lupine, an
the
and
of manna,
Marrubiiim,
Lungs, temperaments
its
seq.
iii,125
medicine, iii,
iii,238.
and
391.
its
383
Marjoram,
and
syTnptoms
potherb, i,112
iii,240.
symptoms
of
219.
Love,
its characters
in
uses
of, iii,239.
]\landrake, treatment
account
article
herb, iii,236.
Lovage,
as
in medicine,
Mamira,
Manna
of
account
characters
uses
Mania,
fevers,i, 324.
Lotus-tree,
detection
the
Malingerers, on
medicine,
uses
iii,233.
of the
its
medicine, iii,237.
Mandragora,
poisoning by, ii,218, 219;
or
in medicine,
of, and
account
or
Darnel.
see
medicine,
of, iii,294.
parts, treatment
Malabathrum,
its
iii,30.
in medicine,
Maimed
Mallows,
iii,184.
in medicine,
uses
Locust, used
Lolium,
properties
its
propertiesas
its
Maiden-hair,
iii,22.
an
as
their uses,
used
used
medicine, iii,131.
the treatment
of, i, 39.
of the ancient,
Lyes, account
as
Lividity, on
Lixivia,
151
of,
affections
animals
as
article of
of, iii,464.
Indicus, its
Cocculus
uses
in
Dogs,
Madarosis,
see
or
Hydrophobia.
Milphosis, treatment
of,
i, 415, 429.
Madder, see Erythrodanum.
Madwort, see Alysson.
Magnet,
and
Mahaleb,
ancient
its
uses
what
medicine, i, 225.
it probably was, iii,458.
in
medicine, iii,460.
and
Melas, symptoms
an
16
the
treatment
of, ii,
"c.
and treatment
Melancholv, symptoms
of,
i, 380, "c.
Melaena, noticed
by Actuarius, i, 515.
Melca, a preparation from milk, i, 155.
Ust of, and
theu* action,
^'Telanogogues,
iii,491.
in
Melanteria, account
of, and its uses
'
medicine, iii,244.
Melilot,its
247.
characters
as
medicine, iii,
GENERAL
644
INDEX.
food,
i, 141.
Nipplewort,
Lampsana.
see
cinal
ancient, and its medi-
of the
Nitre, nature
iii,231.
powers,
Onyx,
descriptionof,iii,62,
Nitri
spuuia,
Noises
in the
of
treatment
ears,
in
Cockshead, its uses
or
medicine, iii,276.
its medicinal
Ononis, or
Restharrow,
2
78.
iii,
powers,
in medicine, iii,275.
Onosma, its uses
Onobrychis,
article of
i, 433,
its
cine,
in medi-
uses
writers
ancient
upon,
ii,247.
diseases
on
Nutmeg,
of
the, i,446
tures
frac-
on
of,iii,
of, iii,463.
account
of, iii,462.
iii,461.
cUsquisition
on,
account
Nux
Nux
Juglans
and
their
Avellana,
Ophiasis,
uses
uses
in
Nyctalopia, symptoms
of,
i, 134
'cine,
iii,268,
potherb, i,
in medi-
corrected
statement
scribed
de-
iii,472.
Arabians,
the
author,
by any ancient
noticed
this
"
by
Water-lily,its uses
as
114.
i, 420, 433.
or
iii,279-83.
characters
its
tion,
ac-
of its
particularaccount
in medicine,
Orache,
its
on
Poppy, disquisition
Orange, not
treatment
Hair.
see
see
ii,215;
medicine, iii,159.
and
in
its powers
medicine, iii,226.
Opium,
Mechil,
Methel,
Vomica,
of
treatment
Ophites,descriptionof, and
463.
Nymphsea,
and
Ophthalmv, symptoms
Mace.
see
Nux
and
Operative surgery,
Nux
it was,
iii,277.
439.
Nose,
what
63.
properties,iii,286.
Holly-rose,its medicinal
269.
Orobanche,
or
virtues, iii,285.
of
Oak, medicinal
powers
of, iii,98.
kinds
Oak-fern,
Oats,
see
their
the
different
Orthopnoea,
Dryopteris.
character
as
an
Os
article of
food,
i, 124.
of, i, 80.
treatment
Obesity,
Obolus, see Weights.
in medicine, iii,424.
Ocimoides, its uses
a
as
Ocyraum, or Basil, not esteemed
potherb, i, 115.
treatment
of, ii,
and
(Edema,
symptoms
83, 84."
iii,271.
ffinanthe, its medicinal
powers,
599.
5
98,
of,
iii,
CEnanthai'ia,description
in
orUuscoured
its
uses
Wool,
CEsypum,
medicine, iii,272.
the composition of, iii,589-98
Oils, on
;
their
medicinal
powers,
in medicine,
uses
see
Nerium.
its
or
Tree
uses,
iii,275.
Oneirogmon, symptoms
treatment
in
uses
medicine,
medicine, iii,226.
Marygold,
cinal
its medi-
iii,271.
Galen,
Oxymel
of
493.
Julian, composition of, iii,
and
symptoms
different
of, i,
treatment
of,
i, 594.
Onion, its dietetical qualitiesas given by
cinal
various
authorities, i, 118; its medivirtues,iii,199.
kinds
of, and
in fevers, i, 296
treatment
how
to
be
characters
the
remedied,
of its
their
et seq.
i,39.
its
Unripe Grape,
iii,274.
Primrose, its medicinal
and
in
uses
African
or
Palpitationof
in medicine,
uses
uses,
Ostracites, its
Othonna,
Palm-tree,
of the
fevers,
iii,287.
Paleness,
100.
Onagra,
Toad-flax, its
or
in
over,
fractiu-es
on
Pain, the
esteemed
Olive, gi-eatly
by the ancients,
its medicinal
iii, 99,
i, 135;
uses,
ulceration
on
447-50."
100, "c.
i, 329
Asthma.
see
Sacrum,
Osiris,
the
on
Telephium.
Orpine, see
uses
in
fruit,i, 135.
heart, nature
and
ment
treat-
of, i, 502.
Panaces,
or
of its different
uses
varieties, iii,290-92.
in
Pancratium, or Sea-daffodil, its uses
290.
medicine, iii,
of Erasistratus,
Panchrestos, a collvrium
i, 413.
see
Panic, a vaiiety of Millet, which
; its
medicinal
uses, iii,110.
GENERAL
its
INDEX.
Phalangia,
in medicine,
uses
645
its
Papyrus,
Paracentesis
description of,
abdominis,
ii,337.
Paralysis,
of the
medicine, iii,292.
in
uses
of, i, 392
treatment
bladder,
et
seq.
548.
Paraphimosis, descriptionand
in medicine,
its
the
disease, i,
medicinal
its
mountain, 284
Partridge, its
characters
powers,
stone, 298.
;
as
article of
an
food, i, 140.
of,i,455
treatment
its
marina,
in
uses
medicine,
the
Patella, on
fractures
Pea, characters
and
of, i, 127.
as
article
an
of
food
by Q. Hortensius, i,141.
doubtful
if
Persica
the
of
the
Pear,
i, 134.
its character
in
Mock
Privet, its uses
medicine, iii,394.
515.
Philo, antidote of, iii,
of, ii,347.
Phimosis, surgicaltreatment
Phimus
of the
treatment
of, ii,
womb,
Phlegm,
of
collections
Phlegmagogues,
stomach,
the
in
of, and
Ust
of
the
i, 364.
Phoenix, the herb
iii,393.
Phormium,
account
as
article of
an
food,
359
et
action,
their
Struthia,
Pear-quinces, or
in medicine,
uses
iii,251.
Pediculi
of
of
head,
the
treatment
eyebrows,
the
treatment
of, i,
of,
of,
and
of,
tree, account
396.
of,iii,
and
of,i,
treatment
its medicinal
221,223.
Phthisis, symptoms
of, i,
treatment
and
iii,
powers,
Phthiriasis,description of
disease,
the
i,30.
414,429.
Skin, its medicinal
Pellis, or
brain, treatment
seq.
Phrygian Stone,
uses,
94.
iii,
Pennyroyal, seePulegium.
Peplus and Peplium, their medicinal
ancient
;
uses,
opinions regarding
its uses,
rected
cor-
as
in
uses
disease
medicine, iii,398.
of pregnancy,
Pickled
Fishes,
Pickles, their uses
Picraof
Galen,
i, 2, 3.
of,i, 171.
account
in medicine,
iii,368.
of, iii,520.
account
iii,294, 295.
as
an
article of
food,
i, 140.
Peppermint, seeLepidium.
its characters
Phyllites,its
Pica,
iii,294.
article of
an
food,
Pike, the
lucius
of
ters,
Ausonius, its charac-
iii,161.
i, 163.
Perfumes, account
of, iii,599, 600.
its
in
medicine,
uses
Pcriclvmenon,
iii,296.
Periscyphismus, description
ii, 2.j9
of the
Perry, well
Persica,
flesh when
Phillyrea, or
Phrenitis, symptoms
ancients, i, 132.
issue
of their
Phlegmon
of, ii,468.
varieties
first used
Peacock,
Perch,
fixed
iii,49.
iii,380.
Pepper,
substances
i, 51.
of, ii,294.
surgicaltreatment
poison,
383, 384.
Parulis,or Gum-boil,
349
of
treatment
nx,
used
of
Parsley, Marsh,
Peach,
this
opinions regarding
Pheasants, cbaracters
uses
iii,292.
treatment
Pastinaca
in
uses
in,'ii,302.
441-45.
its
medicine, iii,393.
Phalaris, its uses in medicine, iii,393.
of poisoning by, ii,
Pharicum, treatment
Phary
iii,106
stung
persons
227.
Parotis,
Spiders, symptoms
of
treatment
226
treatment
Venomous
or
and
iii, 23.
similar
to
of the
"
the
ration,
ope-
long
scalp,"ibid.
to the
known
account
of
as
an
ancients,!,134.
article of food,
see
Hemorrhoids.
Pistadiio-nut,
i, 133.
Perspiration, how
Piles,
to
render
fragrant,
1,38.
Pessaries, descriptionof, iii,601, 602.
Pctroselinou, sec Parsley.
or
Peucedannm,
Hog's FenueJ, its uses in
medicine, iii,298.
of
its characters
as
an
article
food, i, 136.
Pitch-tree, its
uses
in
medicine,
iii,
299, 300.
iii,303.
Pityusa,its medicinal
powers,
ment
Pityocampa, or Pine Caterpillar,treatof poisoningby, ii,205.
INDEX.
GENERAL
G4G
and
Pityriasis,
symptoms
345
of, i,
treatment
et seq.
Placenta,
of
treatment
retention
of, ii,
392-94.
Plague, symptoms
ancient
496
et seq.
its medicinal
Plumbago,
Pneumatic
belonged
254.
iii,
powers,
medicine
;
sect, in
Powder
of
Prepuce,
ii,346
et
of, i,
treatment
seq.
oculi, symptoms
and
ment
treat-
and
ment
treat-
of, i, 417-30.
ani, symptoms
of, 604.
and
symptoms
of,
treatment
of, i, 190
Prunus,
Polenta,
of
sort
from
prepared
malt
iii,305.
Solomon's
or
Seal, its
Knot-grass, its
or
dicinal
me-
iii,305.
powers,
Polygonum,
medicinal
Pruritus,
iii,307.
Polypody, its medicinal
powers,
ment
of the Nose, treatPolypus, or Sarcoma
of, i, 447-9 ; sm-gicaltreatment
of, 291-4.
its characters
Pomegranate,
given by
as
authorities,i, 134.
dietetical
article of
as
an
in
medicine, iii,
its
the
meaning
Propoma,
Poplar,
of
the
term,
White,
its medicinal
uses,
iii,
medicine,
Bastard
or
Pseudo-dictamnus,
its uses
in medicine, ibid.
treatment
and
Psora, symptoms
16
poisoning by,
poisoning by horned
seq.;
226.
poppy,
uses
in
medicine, iii,249.
greatly esteemed
an
article
Porrum,
article
of
Leek,
or
of
by
the
ancients
Arabian
food, i, 147;
prejudiced against,ibid.
iiuthorities
its characters
food, i, 118
of, and
account
powers,
as
as
an
medicine,
Pondweed,
iii,309.
its medicinal
its uses
Dittany,
of, ii,
its
and
Psorophthalmia, symptoms
in
uses
treatment
of, i, 413-26.
Psydracia, description of, i, 345.
Psyllium, on
poisoning by, ii, 211
in medicine, iii,420, 421.
uses
Ptarmica,
its
Sneezewort,
or
in
uses
its
dicine,
me-
iii,311.
the
symptoms
eyes,
of, i, 418
et
seq.
of, 680-3
and
ment
treat-
of the
nails,
ment
surgical treat-
of, ii,275.
and
of, i,
treatment
415.
uses
of, i, 123,
124.
fractures
Pubes, on
ii,454.
Pulegium,
et
the
bones
of
the,
its medicinal
iii,87.
uses,
Pulse,
of
Pennyroyal,
or
or
Legumen,
as
varietiesof,and
articles
of
food,
their
i, 125
seq.
or
cine,
medi-
iii,421.
medicine,
characters
iii,310.
Potamogiton,
and
et seq.
Poppy-juice,treatment
Poppies, their
dicine,
me-
iii,419.
Ptillosis,symptoms
et
in
uses
BastardRape,
or
in
iii,
206.
ii, 213
of, iii,546.
account
Pseudo-bunium,
uses
614, 619.
the
as
et seq.
Bee-glue, its
Propolis,or
treatment
in medicine,
on
seq.
its characters
of, ii, 27
Pterygia of
195.
Pompholyx,
master
Prurigo, description
or
treatment
Psoricum,
iii,306.
powers,
et
iii,311.
fevers, 191
iii,186.
barley, i, 123.
powers,
of
Plum,
or
Poisons,
as
and
Priapism, symptoms
597
deficiencyof the,
the glans, 349.
to
Procidentia
i, 480.
Pork,
adhesion
Pneumonia,
Pondo,
of
treatment
of, ii,
surgical treatment
370-2.
the
(misspelt gollas),iii,
lollas
541.
Aretaeus
the, i, 467.
to
Pneumatocele,
309.
Poterrhium, its medicinal
iii,
powers,
used
the
110-15.
i,
ancients,
Potherbs,
by
the composition of,
Potions, officinal,
on
iii,544-7.
Powders, preparations of, iii,536-41.
Pnmex,
uses,
of Galen's
system
et seq.
or
Pumice-stone,
iii,173.
its medicinal
authorities, 485-88
opinions
those
488
on,
who
Putrid
Rhabarbarum,
Rhacosis
and
iii,308.
treatment
its medicinal
iii,
powers,
"313.
Rhagadia,
or
Rhamnus,
or
PeUitory,
or
medicinal
its
and
ibid.
medicine,
in
uses
iii,221,
'223.
Fissures
of the Anus,
its
Buckthorn,
or
its
in
uses
on
medicine, iii,317.
Arthritis.
see
Rheumatism,
Rhodomel,
purgative medicine
Rhus
Coriaria,
from, iii,
its
Sumach,
or
uses
of
characters
Quails,
article of
food,
Quartans, symptoms
et
their
flesh
as
an
and
of, i,
treatment
of,i,416.
as
article
an
of
and
in
uses
of, i,
treatment
seq.
by
the
ancients
as
an
food, i, 149.
article of
of
article
as
an
Radish, its characters
food, i, 118 ; its characters
as
cine,
medi-
iii,315.
the
of in
uses
Raisins, their
medicine, ibid.
iii,59.
in medicine,
uses
Rale, remarks
the
on
ancient
terms
for,
Crowfoot,
or
its
in
uses
medicine, iii,69.
see
Rapum,
Turnip.
Recrementum,
of, and
Dross,
or
their medicinal
different
uses,
kinds
iii,347.
Risors
fevers, treatment
in
of, i, 305,
of, and
their
uses
in
dicine,
me-
in
uses
medicine,
iii,322.
uses,
medicinal
uses,
iii,
104.
Salamander,
ii, 204
treatment
its characters
of
poisoning by,
in
medicine, iii,
323.
584.
the
Rell-mouse,
for
of
article
of, i,
treatment
456-61".
Ranunculus,
astringent
an
iii,366.
and
svmptoms
treatment,
iii,170.
Frogs.
see
Ranula,
reckoned
Rush,
i, 482.
Rana;,
medicine, iii,472.
of, and their
306.
iii,293.
et
Rice
uses,
Cinquefoil,its
medicine,
Quinsy, symptoms
ters
its charac-
Ri1)s,fractm-es
food, i, 124.
Ricinus, or Palma
seq.
or
dicine,
me-
ii,452, 454.
i, 141.
Quinquefolium,
in
iii,321.
in
Rags,
plant;
ancient
the
and treatment
Rhyas, symptoms
P}Tumsylvestre,itsusesinmedicine,iii,63. Ribes, what plant it was, and
464
dicine,
me-
Radish.
see
discussion
article
an
249
i,607.
in
uses
493.
of the fruit
Pear, characters
of food, i, 134 ; its uses
in medicine, iii,48.
Pyrum,
as
Rbaphanus,
Rlieum,
powers,
ment
surgical treat-
scrotum,
iii,315.
Pvcnocomou,
Pvrites, its
into
of the
of, i, 235-7.
Pyrethrum,
of its
Rhubarb, account
medicine, iii,478,
or
introduction
of, ii,479.
in medicine,
uses
Fevers, symptoms
Onions.
see
479.
of
management
Restharrow,
taken, 497.
have
Purpuras,their
modern
647
INDEX.
GENERAL
glisof
the
Romans,
used
food, i, 149.
the
Rennets,
Repletion,
uses
nature
or
iii,317.
characters,
iii,31.
of in
and
medicine, iii,314.
treatment
of, i,
41, 42.
Resina;,
or
Salmon,
Resins, their
uses
in
medicine,
Willow,
its medicinal
uses,
iii,
14 7.
i, 164
ibid.
noticed
not
GENERAL
648
INDEX.
Scrofula,
Samphire,
its
or
Cretlimum,
iii,195.
Sampsuchum,
its
in
uses
in
uses
medicine,
dicine,
me-
iii,
324.
488.
Sandal-wood, its uses in medicine, iii,
Sand, see Arena.
of
Sandaracli, or
Realgar, treatment
236
its
nal
medicipoisoning by, ii,235,
;
uses, iii,324.
Sandarach, or Gum-vernix, account
of,iii,
451.
in medicine, iii,325.
Sandyx, its uses
Sanguis Draconis, see Cinnabaris.
Sapphire of the ancients, what it probably
iii,228.
was,
Sarcocele, surgicaltreatment
of, ii,369.
in medicine, iii,
Sarcocol, its characters
327.
Herb, what
it was,
and
ment
treat-
of
Weights.
Scurvy, supposed to be
Hippocrates, i, 579.
Scytala, treatment
ii,180, 181.
Sea-dragon,
of
alluded
of
of
by
to
by,
stung
persons
treatment
by, ii,191.
Sea-hare, treatment
persons
stung
205.
of persons
Sea-scorpion,treatment
by, ii, 192.
stung
i, 596
et
of,
seq.
Scabies, disease
ancients, ii, 23.
Scammony,
Scapula, on
Scandix,
its
to
the
in
medicine, iii,341.
of, ii,450, 451.
Shepherd's Needle, in little
in
a potherb, i,114
; its uses
iii,342.
uses
fractures
or
repute
unknown
not
as
medicine,
and
Sparus,
their
characters
as
toms
symp-
of, ii,89,
90.
its
or
Lemon-grass,
in
uses
account
of,
medicine, iii,366.
Sclerophthalmia, svmptoms
and
ment
treat-
of, i, 413,426.
;
its
of persons
in
uses
stung
medicine, iii,
344.
Scolopendrium,
its
uses
in
medicine, iii,
344.
Scolymus,
iised
as
potherb,
the
Scoly-
as
Hispanicus, i, 114; its uses
a
medicine, iii,341.
Scordium, or Water
Germander, its uses
in medicine, iii,345.
Scordoprason, or Garlick-leek, its uses
in medicine, iii,346.
346.
Scorpioides,its uses in medicine, iii,
Scorpion, on persons
stung by, ii,171,
mus
172.
Scourges,
treatment
with, ii,45.
iii,659.
cine,
in medi-
uses
iii,229.
Semen, on redundance
of, i, 48.
and
treatment
Semi-tertians, svmptoms
of, ii,271.
Sempervivum,
in
its
Wall-pepper,
or
medicine,
Senecio, or Groundsel, its
uses
iii,23.
cine,
in medi-
uses
iii,132.
Senna,
of
account
from
its medicinal
uses,
the
Arabians, iii,431.
in medicine,
Cuttlefish,its uses
iii,331.
Seps,
or
Chalcidic
Lizard, its
uses
in
medicine, iii,332.
article of
Service, its characters
as
an
food, i,135 ; its uses in medicine, iii,270.
Seriphon, what
it was,
and
its virtues
in
medicine, iii,329.
Scolopendra, treatment
by, ii,174
Sepia, or
i, 629
general treatment
Schoenanth,
Secacul,
in medicine,
327.
Satyrion,its medicinal
uses, iii,
in medicine, iii,327.
Saxifrage,its uses
and
ment
general treattreatment
surgical
258.
Sardonian
Scarus
and
symptoms
of, ii,91-94
of
persons
beaten
Serpyllum,
medicine,
or
Wild
Thyme,
its
uses
in
iii,116.
INDEX.
GENERAL
Sideritis,
virtues
its
Ironwort,
or
in
of
322
Weights.
Siliqua,see
Silk, medicinal
the
by
Silpliium,or
to
iii,474.
of, and
account
Laserwort,
iii,337.
in medicine,
uses
attributed
virtues
Arabians,
Similago, a variety of
the
ancient
by
its medicinal
Ebn
ii,273,
Sisarum,
in medicine,
iii,
340.
Sium,
its
I'arsnip,
Water
or
cine,
in medi-
uses
iii,339.
Skink, its
Sleep, on
to
of
of, and
their
treatment,
the
Slough
medicine, iii,342.
in
uses
Skidl, fractures
ii,429-42.
uses,
iii,85.
Smaragdus,
tlie
practice
and
Smallpox
Emerald,
little used
of medicine,
iii,229.
or
i, 320
o])inions upon,
Smilax,
in
history of ancient
Measles,
et
seq.
Yew.
see
Smcgmata,
and
nature
varieties
of, iii,
541.
540,
its characters
Smyrniuni,
:
its
Snail, its
uses
i, 114
in
uses
as
an
as
potherb,
medicine, iii,349.
article of food, i,
1G8.
Snap-dragon, see
Sneezing, treatment
Sneezewort,
Soap,
of the
account
an
iii,326.
Arabico-barbaric
term
forcepha-
l.Ta, i, 355.
Somnolency,
Sonc]ins,or
see
Cataphora.
Sow-thistle, its
iii,350.
uses
instrument,
the
article
an
of
food,
iii,123.
uses,
of, and
the
its
in
uses
Brain, treatment
of, i,
Sow-parsnip,
or
its medicinal
iii,365.
of
treatment
stung by
persons
ii,497.
the
and
laxative
Rhases
Greeks
herb,
pot-
and
and
unacquainted
with, ibid.
medicine, iii,478.
Spitting of blood, symptoms
of, i, 483 et seq.
its
Haly
Romans
uses
and
in
ment
treat-
cine,
medi-
iii. 352.
uses
of, iii,351.
Sponge, the medicinal
Spontaneous generation,ancient opinions
of, ii,86.
their
uses
in
medicine, iii,374.
of in fevers, i, 228.
Sputa, characters
Spurge Olive, see Chamelaia.
Squama a^ris and Squama fcrri,their iises
in
cine,
in medi-
of, i,
treatment
in medicine, iii,264.
Spikenard, its uses
Spina alba, see Thorn.
Spina ventosa, descriptionof the disease,
upon,
fevers, i,300.
Ptarmica.
see
in medicine,
Soda,
Antirrhinum.
of in
iii,
its application
of
uses,
Spider,
medicine,
medicine,
iii,229.
Sphondylium,
in
uses
315.
uses
iii,339.
its
Sisvnibrium,
as
its medicinal
medicine,
its virtues
Stone-parsley,its
Bastard
or
and
Specularis, account
iii,340.
in medicine,
Sison,
Parsnip,
in
uses
characters
Sphacelus
Garden
or
cine,
medi-
402.
i, 123;
for
name
its
Specillum,descriptionof
Spelt, its
iii,582, 588.
Arabian
in
401.
Sinuous
frigiduni,the
lethargy,i, 369.
medicine,
uses
201.
iii,
uses,
Spasms, svmptoms
Sirsen
its
350.
iii,5 ; by
by Avicenna,
by Dioscorides, iii,5 ;
5.
in the Edinburgh Dispensatory, iii,
their
of, and
uses,
Sinapisms, account
iii,4
iii,5
Baithar,
Rhases,
in
uses
the nature
Sori, disquisitionon
of, and
its uses
in medicine, iii,367.
Sotera, antidote of, iii,517.
its properties as a medicine,
Southernwood,
iii,17.
Sow-bread, its effects as a poison, ii,242
Sparganium,
of, described
number
medicines,
in
uses
ibid.
flour,
121.
i, 120,
Simples,
its
its
palestrae,
gymnasiorum,
;
flour, i,
ancient
the
121.
120,
balneorum,
iii,88
of, i, 40.
Sight, on dimness
Siligo,a variety
Fuligo.
see
Sordes
iii. 333.
medicine,
its
Soot,
Weights.
Sicilicus,see
649
medicine, iii,213,214
resembles
ibid.
aes
ustum
squama
acris
(misspelt astum),
650
GENERAL
Squash,
whether
of the
of
melopepon
i, 129.
ancients,
Scilla, its medicinal
Squill,or
157
the
not
or
INDEX.
of
vinegar
squills,515
oxymel
medicine
from,
Galen's
iii,
uses,
squills,514
ibid.
Stachys,
Horehound,
Base
or
its
in
uses
medicine, iii,354.
Stag,
its
as
of
medicine,
in
uses
article
an
Stapliylinus,
probably included
and
carrot
parsnip, i, 118 ;
both
its
Sun,
the
i, 52.
Sunflower,
flesh
surgical
of, ii,
treatment
properties as
its
medicine, iii,56.
Stercus, see Dung.
Sterility,causes
and
Sternutatories,
list
413.
Swallow-wort,
Swan
of, i,641.
treatment
used
137
its
Svnchvsis
of
its
iu
uses
cine,
medi-
Cassidony, its
cine,
in medi-
uses
account
seq.
in
used
those
Tamarinds,
et
cine
mediseq.
of, iii,226.
Storax,
in sponges,
its uses
in
medicine, iii,362.
Stork,
sometimes
used
food, i, 143.
Strabismus, or
account
of,
treatment
i, 138.
iii,358
medicine,
Struthium, account
Sturgeon,
its
Nightshade,
or
varieties
of, in
in
uses
of, 359.
medicine
and
iii,357.
Gypsum.
its characters
as
an
article
of
et
list of
in
medicine, iii,604
seq.
Succus
cus,
Succory, its
of, i,
treatment
of in
treatment
fevers, i, 288.
of, i, 256.
of
modification
phantiasis,
ele-
characters
as
an
article
its
uses
of
in
medicine,
in
characters
uses, iii,259.
medicine, iii,301.
of the
diff"erent
kinds
of, iii,6-16.
Taurocolla, its uses in medicine, iii,369.
Teasel, see Dipsacus.
cine,
Tedse, or Dead
Pines, their uses in mediiii,91, 92.
Teeth, preservativesof, i,39 ; treatment
of the, i, 454
et seq.; extraction
of diseases
of, ii,296, 297.
cine,
in mediTelephium, or Orpine, its uses
iii,373.
Telephian ulcers, description of, ii,114
et
seq.
Tellinae,
food, i, 165.
Succedanea,
their
Tastes, definitions
i, 422-35.
see
eyes,
iii,439, 440.
Tamarisk, its medicinal
Tar-water,
of
article
an
as
Squinting,
Strawberries, noticed
otherwise,
dicine,
me-
et
Stucco,
in
uses
ii,14.
Strychnos,
the
Syncope, treatment
Synochous fevers,
Syphilis probably
iii,357.
Stones
its
Comfrey,
iii,364.
'422",
436.
iii,356.
Stones,
food, i,
medicine, iii,363.
in
or
of
article
an
as
uses
Symphytum,
Knapweed,
treatment
table, i,
the
at
Pork.
flesh,see
fractures
iii,215."
Stomach
used
Sudor.
see
Sycamores
of
modes
of, and
Asclepias.
see
sometimes
Swine's
or
article of
as
an
Surmullet, its characters
See
162.
food, i,
Trigla.
in medicine,
their
iii,
uses
Swallows,
Sweat,
using, i, 447-51.
StcEchas,
in
uses
143.
or
their
of, and
of
article
an
as
on
Heliotropium.
see
varieties
used
279.
Sternum,
injuredby the,
of persons
treatment
Sulphur,
food, i, 140.
Staphyloma,
cine,
in medi-
in
medicine, iii,353.
Starling,its
the bamboo-cane,
from
its virtues
iii,246, 247.
see
uses
of,
i, 420.
i, 179
food, i, 123
Amylum.
Stcebe,
of, i, 61.
Sndorifics, on the nature
and
treatment
Sufl'usion, symptoms
Stock
140.
Roe.
see
278,
in medicine, iii,
food, i, 112 ; its uses
177.
176,
Sudor, or Sweat, its medicinal
uses, iii,
or
Limpets,
uses
Temperaments,
et seq.
account
medicine,
of in
iii,369.
Tembul, the piper betel, its
iii,454, 455.
of
uses
cine,
in medi-
the, i, 84
GENERAL
652
the
Urchin,
Sea,
characters
its
food, i, 168.
characters
of, i,
as
INDEX.
an
article of
Urine,
authorities
upon,
MSS
228
Viper,treatment
224
225
ancient
ii, 177-80;
unpublished
incontinence
of,548 ;
its propertiesin medicine, iii,289.
Urna, see Weights.
Urtica, see Nettle.
Usnen, probably the Salsola fruticosa,its
medicinal
uses, iii,456.
Uterine
of,i, 615
hemorrhage, treatment
upon,
120.
Viscum,
of, 620
Uterus, ancient
descriptionsof, i, 623 ;
abscess
of the, 623
et seq. ; ulcers of
of the, 627
et seq.;
the, 625
cancers
seq.
scirrhus
et
seq.
inflation
of
the, 633
Uva
of
the,
632
the,
tonsUs,
of
scleroma
of
the,
Mole
see
suffocation
prolapsus of the,
the
and
mole
638
et
seq.
302.
the
U\Tila, on
diseases
of
medicine, iii,
20.
Vitis
sylvestris,or Wild
nal
Vine, its medici-
Volubilis,
of
account
described
the
ancient
different
under
this
cles
arti-
iii,
name,
470.
Vulpes,
Fox, its
or
in
uses
medicine, iii,
36.
of
of, ii,300,
treatment
medicinal
its
Birdlime,
or
iii,141.
uses,
seq.
629
Clematis.
characters, iii,40.
seq.
Uterine
inflammation, treatment
et
Echium.
et
et
characters, iii,142.
stung by the,
medicine, iii,
of persons
its uses
in
the, i, 457.
Wakerobiu,
Walnuts
Arum.
see
and
Filberts, their
characters, i, 136.
dietetical
medicine,
iii,23.
Valerian, Greek, its
304
common,
medicine, iii,
in medicine,
in
uses
its
uses
396.
Varices, excision
Vari,
the
on
of, ii,406-10.
face, i,
452, 453.
by,
of
treatment
persons
stung
157.
and cure
of, i, 152 ;
fevers,i, 299, 300.
in medicine, iii,380.
Water, its uses
the
different
kinds
Waters,
on
of, and
their qualities,
i,64-7.
Water-basil, see Erinos.
in medicine, iii,
Water-pepper, its uses
385.
Water,
Verdigris,see
Weights,
Vermes
jErugo.
in the
ears,
of,i, 439-
treatment
Granura
see
ii, 455
treatment,
of
;
the, and
on
their
luxations
of
et
and
treatment
of, i,
seq.
Vertz, disquisitionon
the
nature
of, iii,
457.
Vers^ain, or
Verbenum,
its
uses
in medicine,
iii,296.
Vervain
Mallow,
Vetch, varieties
Alcaea.
as
an
of, and characters
food, i, 127.
Vinegar, its uses in medicine, iii,278.
Vinous
tinctures
of the ancients, iii,546,
article of
547.
of
treatment
war,
wounds
by, ii,418-27.
Mustela.
see
of
full account
used
those
of its dietetical
full account
;
its
uses
iii,314.
Flux.
Whites, see Female
Whitlow, on the treatment
Thyme,
see
by
racters,
cha-
medicine,
in
of, i, 678.
Sei-pyllum.
see
of
ancients, iii,609-27.
the
Wild
effects
of, ii,243.
i, 121
the, 493.
Vertigo, symptoms
374
inflicted
Tinctorum.
fractures
on
of
Weapons
W^easel,
dangerous
Cera.
see
Wheat,
444.
Vennilion,
Vertebrae,
Wine,
or
Wax,
or
persons
169.
of in
large draught
kinds
of
treatment
of the different
Stomach, uses
of, i, 179.
in
Verbascum, or Petty Mullein, its uses
medicine, iii,394.
Venter,
Bees,
treatment
the
of, on
treatment
and
Wasps
Woad,
see
uses,
iii,272.
Isatis.
Wolfsbane,
see
Womb
of
article of
Aconite.
sow
reckoned
delicate
food, i, 151.
in
GENERAL
INDEX.
Worms,
Wild
Xyris, or
Yarrow,
in calculus, i, 542.
Wren, recommended
to be treated, i, 37.
Wrinkles, how
dislocations
at
the, ii, 492,
Wrist, on
Achillea,
or
Yew,
treatment
described
Clutburr, its
cine,
in medi-
uses
Zeduary,
iii,269.
or
Bulbous
medicine,
of
account
of, and
its
uses
in medicine,
iii,434, 436.
Xerophthalmia, symptoms
of, i, 413, 42G!
Xiphium,
of in
uses
224.
Zambach,
493.
or
in medicine,
uses
iii,358.
medicine, iii,85.
Xanthium,
Cornflag,its
iii,269.
their
in
653
and
Zerumbet,
treatment
Zingiber,
Iris, its
in
uses
medicine, iii,270.
see
or
or
124.
C.
AND
J.
ADLARD,
SARTIIULoillKW
Ginger,
Zeduary.
uses
of in
medicine,
iii,123.
Zythus,
THE
under
END.
PRINTERS,
CUISE.
Ale, medicinal
uses
of, iii,