MERATUS LINE

BY : SUMARCATUR

Effective date : March 2014

PREFACE
There are three system to moving the vessel :

Main Engine

Transmission System

Propeller

The Propeller is divided into 2 type :

Fix Propeller : Propeller that can not be

adjusted the angel of propeller blades.

Controllable Pitch Propeller (CPP) : the

propeller that can be adjusted the angel of its
blades, so we can go ahead and astern without
change the rotating of the engine

PROPULSION SYSTEM OF CPP

To get Ahead & Astern movement we have to
change the angel of blade propeller.

There are 3 controls to change angel blade.
Pneumatics
Hydarulics
Electrics

The Pitch is controlled from main stand or the

annexe stands on the bridge, or from Engine room.


Movement of the handle on the main control panel

causes corresponding impulse to be sent from

transmitter to the telemotor receiver on OD box.

The telemotor receiver controls the position of the
auxiliary servomotor hydraulically.

In the engine room near the control stand there is a
valve for change over between the bridge and the
Engine room.

Pneumatics System

Hydraulics System

The Air Control / Pneumatics

The air for the control is taken from starting air
tank with a prussure approx 30 bar.

The air passes an air pressure panel consisting of a
redusing valve, filter, and a safety valve.

The reducing valve reduces the pressure to 4.5 bar.

The filter separate the water and other foreign
bodies.

The Safety valve is adjusted to open at 6 bar.

From the air pressure panel the control air is lead to
telemotor transmiter.

The Air Pressure Panel

Diagram Block of Pneumatics Control

Air regulator

Telemotor
Transmitter

Telemotor
Receiver

Hydraulic
System

Telemotor Transmitter

Engine Room

Bridge

Telemotor Receiver

The pneumatics valve to distribute the hydraulics oil to

auxiliary servomotor.

Controlled by the Telemotor Transmiter (handle).


The pneumatics control is controlled from the

bridge and engine room.

To change the control (bridge or engine room) we
have to switch the pipe line of the air by change
over valve near the telemotor transmitter.

To change from engine room control to bridgewe
have to turn the change over cock to the direction
where the lamp indicator for bridge control will
ON.

Need 24 volt DC to activate the solenoid of the
change over valve.

Minimum pressure to operate the bridge mode is
about 6 7 bar.

Change Over Valve Cock

Bridge

Engine Room


To get zero position for pitch, the handle must be zero

position.
The air pressure for zero position is 1 bar.
Push the handle to the right nominal of pitch to get
ahead movement.
Pull the handle to the right nominal of pitch if we
want to get astern.
The air pressure for ahead is 0.5 bar, and for astern 1.5
bar.
If CPP is not active or the harbour pump not running
the pitch full ahead, because there is no oil pressure to
compress the spring in hub propeller.

Corelation Between Pneumatics And Zero Position

Before we running the engine we have to check the

pitch is on zero position.

The air supply for telemotor transmitter must be 1 bar.

When the pitch indicator in OD-box not in zero
position we have to adjust back to zero.

Setting Zero Position

See the zero position in OD-box (remote)

Turn on the harbour pump.

Open the air control (1 bar).

If it doesnt reach zero pitch we have to adjust link A in

telemotor receiver.

We loosen the nut and adjust so that the needle of pist
indicator reach the zero.

Link A

Zero Position


After the pointer reach the zero position see the extent

of pointer.

Sometime the extence of the pointer is too small or too
wide.

To get the right extention we lossen the nut on the
base lever on telemotor receiver, and then adjust the
bolt coming in and out.

Extention Of Pitch Pointer

IN
OUT

Setting on telemotor
transmitter

If the zero still not reach, we can adjust from tele

motor transmitter.

We loosen the nut and turning it so the pointer reach
zero.

After geting the zero tightning again the nut of
telemotor transmitter.

Setting Zero Position from TelemotorTransmitter

Loosen the nut till get

zero

Hydraulic System

The propeller are hydraulically operated

The following equipment that include in hydraulics

system are :

Oil tanks

Pumps

Valve unit

Filters

Gauges

Hydraulic System
1.

Lower tank

10. Sequence valve

2.

Upper tank

11. Reducing valve

3.

Main pump

12. By pass valve

4.

Topping up pump

13. Regulating

5.

Pressure oil filter

6.

Unloading valve

14. Pilot valve, telemotor receiver

7.

Check valve

15. Auxiliary servo motor

8.

Safety valve

16. Auxiliary servo motor filter

9.

Pressure mainting valve

17. Oil distribution box

valve,

telemotor

receiver

Oil tanks
There are two oil tanks in the system, one upper oil tank,
and one lower oil tank.

Lower Oil Tank :
 Generally built between the frames in the double

bottom of the vessel.

 The pump sucks oil from the lower oil tank.
 Return oil is drained to it as well as drain oil from the
OD-box and valves.
 The lower tank has to be checked regularly.
 It must be refilled when the oil level is under the lower
mark


Upper Oil Tank

 Connected to OD-box and consequently to propeller

hub.
 The oil tank provides a static oil pressure ti the sliding

ring chamber in the OD-box and to the hub.

Pumps

The oil pressure of the propeller is supplied by

two main pumps and one harbor pump.

The position near lower tank.

One of the main pumps is selected as main
pump and the other one is connected to stand
by pump.

When in open sea only one pump that
operated.

The small pump (harbor pump) only operated
when the vessel stop / berth.

Valve Unit

The valve unit is mounted in OD-box and consist of the

following valves :

Check Valves
o Sequence valve
o Safety valve
o Pressure maintaining valve
o Reducing valve
o By pass valve
o

Return oil pressure

Control air
filter1

Unloading Valve

Safety valve B

Safety valve A

Sequence valve to
set oil pressure for
main pump and
stand by pump

Safety valve setting

make different
pressure safety
valve A and safety
valve B

Check valve
1 oil pump1

Oil Filter
no1

Pressure A> Pressure B

Check valve
2 oil pump2

Change over valve for running 1

pump Or 2 pumps
This Handle position for running 1 pump

Oil Filter
no2

Control air
filter2

OD Box

Pressurized oil is distributed in this system to turn the

propeller.

Consist of some valves to distribute the oil.

The valves are controlled by pneumatics, electric

system, and mechanic (on emergency situation).

Oil Chamber

The container of oil for inner tube

Auxilary Servomotor

It is a piston which is generated by hydraulics system

from telemotor receiver

Hand Control Valve

Valve for back up system.

Distributing the oil to the piston.

Controlled by electric (solenoid) and also press by

hand in emergency condition.

Change Over Valve for Hand Control Valve

The solenoid valve to lock the oil current not going

directly to the piston but it have to distribute to the hand
control valve.

We can control CPP manually using this valve but firstly
we must lock the button on the top of its valve.

Hand Control Valve

For Load Control

The Valve which is used when we activate the load

control.

To activate the load control we must turn the key on
the below of this valve

Presure Switch

The pressure switch to generate the alarm and start

stand by pump when the oil pressure is low

Pressure Control

For pressurized air to indicate the position of propeller

in manual indicator for the bridge.

Servo motor

A transducer for electric position indicator in Engine

Room and bridge.

Divided the voltage using its potentiometer.

The out put voltage is represented the position of the
propeller.

VSource

Vout

Ahead

Astern

How Can Pneumatics System Regulate The

Hydraulics System
Neutral Position :
 The oil pressure on the big slide area is regulated by choking the second strangling
hole with the pin.
The pressure in the piston become equal, so that there is no effect on the pitch
setting
Ahead Position :
 The air pressure on the diaphragm decrease.
The spring force drive the diaphragm to the right, because of it the oil pressure on
the big piston decrease so the piston move to th e right.
 Then the larger area of the auxiliary servomotor is connected with the high pressure
oil so the pitch change towards ahead.

Astern Position :
 The air pressure increase
 The diaphragm / valve pin move to the left and then the
second strangling hole is shut.
The oil pressure rises on the big slide and the slide move to the
left.
 Then the larger area of auxiliary servomotor is drained and the
pitch changes toward astern.

In the oil box consist of some components

Shaft and Hub Propeller

The final actuator to rotate the Propeller.

The turning of propeller is come from the
mechanism of controls (Pneumatics, Hydraulics,
and Electrics )

The Operator operates the handle to the set point
so that the CP systems can reach that set point.

The Handle will regulate the pneumatics controls
and than the pneumatics will regulate the
hydraulics control.

Diagram Block CPP Controls

Set Point

Mekanik
(Handle)

Pneumatic
(Telemotor Transmitter
& Receiver)

Position
Hydraulic
(OD Box & Shaft)

Shaft

Transmission component from the engine to the

propeller.

The shaft continue the axial force from the engine.

To connect the shaft propeller to the engine shaft we
use sleeve coupling or muff coupling.

Sleeve Coupling
Sleeve Coupling

Shaft Propeller
Shaft Mesin

HUB PROPELLER

In the hub propeller there is servomotor which turn

the propeller blade.

The servo motor consist of piston rod with a piston
which move axially when the pressure oil is led to
either side of the piston.

HUB

Hub Cone

Safety Springs

Piston

Piston Rod

Crank Pin Ring

Hub Body

Blade Sealing

Dowel

Shaft Flange Bolt

Safety Valve

Blade Bolt

Blade

Dowel
(Blade)

Connection

Blade and Piston Hub

Blade and Piston Hub

The piston rods is equipped with four or five ears

depending on the propeller blades.

Each ear has a transverse slot in with a shoe slides.

The eccentrics crank pin fits into the hole of the
sliding shoe.

The crank pin ring is supported in a bearing which is
built in into the hub body

How the movements of the piston affect the

blade pitch

When the piston rod moves, the crank pin ring rotates

with the circular movement transmitted via the piston,

piston rod slot, sliding shoe and crank pin.

Then the propeller blade, which is bolted to the crank
pin rind, turns.

Electric Control

The CPP can be controlled by electric system.

It is simple and easy to operate.
To activate we have to switch on the control.
The electric feed back signal from servomotor is using
for electric indicator on the panel (Control Desk &
Bridge)

Back Up Control
Pitch Indicator

Ahead
Astern

Switch
OFF

ON


We only push the push button the console to

maneuver ahead & astern.

But make sure that the change over cock already
adjusted in correct position.

If the pitch indicator is not zero, we must adjust to the
zero position on the electric card.

We just turn the variable resistor in the card.

Setting Zero Position

Setting electric
zero position


If the adjustment of zero position can not be zero, we

have to adjust from servo motor in the upper of oil

chamber on the OD-Box

Loosen the nut which is tightening the lever to the
servo motor, and then turn the servo motor shaft until
the indicator can be zero.


The Alternating Current (220 V) is rectified to the Direct

Electrical Diagram

Current (24 V)
It should be rectified because the solenoid can work only
with 24V DC
After we change the switch on the control desk we push the
astern or the ahead button.
When we push the ahead button, the current flow to the
terminal 42, then energized the solenoid, and then come
out fro terminal 43 and back to the rectified source.
When we push the astern button the current from terminal
42 energized the solenoid coil and then come out to the
terminal 41 and then going back to the negative source

THE OPERATION PROCEDURE OF KAMEWA CPP

AFTER STOPING THE MAIN ENGINE :

Start the harbor

pump to avoid water entry to the hub

BEFORE STARTING THE MAIN ENGINE

Check the header tank level, check for water and drain it.
Check the oil level of double bottom hydraulic oil tank
Set the pump, one for operation and one for stand by, to avoid the
full ahead effect, because of there is no oil pressure to against spring
tension in the hub if the operational pump is fail.

CHECK OPERATIONAL / LOCAL & REMOTE

GAUGES BEFORE MANEUVERING
CHECK AND CLEAN THE PENCIL FILTER
PERIODICALLY

CHECK THE AIR FILTER OF THE PRESSURE

REGULATOR AND DRAIN THE WATER.

TAKE THE CPP HYDARULIC OIL SAMPLE EVERY 3

MONTHS TO SEND TO THE LABORATORY.