GIS APPLICATION IN DRM

Chandra Bilash Bhurtel

ICT Expert
srijucb@gmail.com
9851117399
National Disaster Risk Reduction Center (NDRC), Kathmandu, Nepal
6/20/16

WHAT IS GIS?
An acronym for Geographical Information System
Is not a Software and not only map making tool
A computer based system that provides four sets of capabilities to
handle the geo-referenced data
o Data input
o Data management
o Data manipulations
o Data visualization

Aronoff, 1989
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COMPONENTS OF GIS
Hardware
o Computers, printers/ plotters, scanners, network, digital tablets, GPS etc.

Software
o ArcView, ArcGIS/ArcINFO, GRASS, MapINFO, ERDAS, IDRISI, ILWIS, PCI Geomatics,

SocetSet, QGIS etc.

Data
o Spatial and non-spatial data

Methods
o Methods for analysis, interpretation and presentation

Peoples/User Communities
o Methods for analysis, interpretation and presentation
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HOW GIS IS USED IN DRM?

Mitigation
Preparedness
Response
Recovery

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MITIGATION
Identify and map natural hazards:
Earthquake Faults
Flammable Vegetation (Forest Fire)
Landslides and Floods etc.

Identify and map technological hazards:

Haighways
Factories, Industries, Power plants
Petroleum Processing and Storage etc.

Identify and map critical values at risk:

Population Densities
Critical Infrastructure (i.e. health/hospitals, telecom operators, utilities, public assemblies etc)
Natural resource concerns including scarce natural resources and plant and animal habitats

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PREPAREDNESS
In the context of an Emergency Operations Center (EOC)
GIS provides situational awareness through a common operating picture.
A GIS map display with relevant GIS data (critical infrastructure, imagery, hazards,
etc.) integrates dynamic event data (sensors, cameras, traffic, incidents, etc.) to
represent the current situation throughout the jurisdiction, region, or nation.
Incident action plan maps
Operations maps
Logistics maps
Tactical maps
Air deployment maps
Transportation maps
Incident prediction maps
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RESPONSE
Provide warnings and notifications to the public
Determine appropriate shelter activations and optimum routing for affected

populations

Maintain continuity of operations: supply inventories, power requirements,

shelter population capacities, etc.

Identify the locations and capabilities of public safety resources

Provide facilities for the concerns, make decisions, and develop priorities
Provide the capability to create connections to the officials and others
Support incident management operations
Maintain incident status and progress; facilitate damage assessment collection

and analysis etc.

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RECOVERY
To restore the affected area to its original state (as possible as):
Identification of damage (triage based on degree of damage or complete

loss).

Locations of business and supplies necessary to support reconstruction

Assess overall critical infrastructure damage and determine short-term

actions for the:

First aid and health and Additional shelter needs

Optimum locations for public assistance alternate locations for government

operations if government facilities are damaged

Alternate transportation routes and monitoring progress by specific location of
reconstruction for both long-term and short-term needs
Publishing maps to share information with the public and concern organizations
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REMEMBER !
Publishing crucial information such as:
Scattered households
National Park/Forest with security check post or forest office
Police station and settlements
Complete roadside information
Petroleum Storage/Telecom Towers/Power Plants etc.
may lead towards criminal/terrorist activities.

So, crucial information sharing must be limited only.

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THANK YOU !

Chandra Bilash Bhurtel

ICT Expert
srijucb@gmail.com
9851117399
National Disaster Risk Reduction Center (NDRC), Kathmandu, Nepal
6/20/16

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