Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Version 2.8
GSM/GPRS/EDGE
UMTS/HSPA
LTE
CDMA2000 1xRTT/EV-DO
TD-SCDMA
WiMAX/BWA
Microwave Links
Forsk 2010
1/175
Table of Contents
1
........................................................................................................................... 4
Introduction
Introduction...........................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
5
Installation
Installation..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................5
..................................................................................................... 8
Sequence of operations
operations.....................................................................................................
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
New project..............................................................................................................9
Import of 3D maps................................................................................................ 11
3.2.1
Import of heights map.................................................................................. 12
3.2.2
Import of clutter map.................................................................................... 13
3.2.3
Import of vector map.................................................................................... 17
Setting a coordinate system............................................................................... 22
Network data setting............................................................................................ 26
3.4.1
Import of the Sites table.............................................................................. 27
3.4.2
Antenna parameters setting........................................................................32
3.4.3
Transmitters parameters setting................................................................ 37
3.4.3.1
Transmitters table......................................................................... 37
3.4.4
Cells parameters setting..............................................................................43
3.4.5
Import and export of Access database......................................................51
3.4.5.1
Import Access database.............................................................. 51
3.4.5.2
Export to Access database......................................................... 53
3.4.6
Add new sites................................................................................................55
3.4.6.1
Add new sites one by one........................................................... 55
3.4.6.2
Add a group of sites..................................................................... 56
3.4.6.3
Template management................................................................ 57
3.4.7
MIMO Setting................................................................................................ 60
3.4.8
ICIC Setting................................................................................................... 64
Propagation model............................................................................................... 65
3.5.1
SPM propagation model..............................................................................65
3.5.1.1
Import of CW measurements......................................................65
3.5.1.2
Automatic calibration of the SPM model................................... 76
3.5.1.3
Model validation with CW measurements.................................80
3.5.1.4
Set the propagation model for each transmitter.......................86
3.5.2
Cost-Hata model...........................................................................................87
3.5.2.1
Import of CW measurements......................................................87
3.5.2.2
Automatic calibration of the Cost-Hata model..........................87
3.5.2.3
Set the propagation model for each transmitter.......................90
Propagation matrix calculation........................................................................... 92
3.6.1
Preliminary work........................................................................................... 92
3.6.1.1
Resolution of predictions and receiver altitude........................ 92
3.6.1.2
Setting the Computation Zone....................................................93
3.6.2
Propagation and prediction studies calculation..................................... 100
3.6.2.1
Best server prediction................................................................ 101
Forsk 2010
2/175
Forsk 2010
3/175
1 Introduction
This document explains the entire process from the import of network data in Atoll to the
production of prediction studies. The purpose of this document is to give an overall
understanding for radio engineers, who never use Atoll.
This document does not explain the algorithm and dont give detailed explanation. The
user may find in the Technical Reference Guide and User Manual the concrete
algorithm and the detailed explanation of parameters.
The user may find all projects and map data in the CD, which was provided with this
document.
This document describes how to get started using the Atoll version 2.8.2.
Forsk 2010
4/175
2 Installation
The installation of Atoll is simple and needs an Administrator profile.
1) The naming structure of the Atoll installation file generally is:
Atoll.language.version_number.build_number.exe, as shown bellow:
2)
Before starting the installation of Atoll, the dongle has to be plugged in.
3)
4)
In the appeared dialog box, click on the next button and choose the installation
directory (the default path is C:\Program File\Forsk\Atoll). The minimum requirement
for the installation of Atoll is a disk space of 96.3MB.
Forsk 2010
5/175
5)
In the 3rd window the user may choose Full installation, Compact installation or
Custom installation and select the modules. The recommendation for a first
installation of Atoll is Full installation. Later update of Atoll doesnt need to install
again the dongle driver for fixed license. If the user once uninstalled an old version
before the installation of a new one, the dongle driver has to be installed again.
Forsk 2010
6/175
In the 4th window, fill in the Domain, Username and Password fields. If the user
dont choose previously Atoll calculation server, then he doesnt need to fill in any
information.
7)
Click on the Next button to start the installation of Atoll. After the installation, the
computer needs to be restarted if Dongle Driver for fixed license has been chosen.
Forsk 2010
7/175
3 Sequence of operations
This following document presents how to establish an Atoll LTE project and to carry out
coverage predictions, simulations and production of reports:
(1) Open a existing project or build a new project
(2) Import network data
(3) Best Server and Signal Level coverage predictions
(4) Neighbour allocation
(5) Frequency planning (only for different frequency network)
(6) Physical Cell ID planning
(7) Traffic Modeling and production of traffic map
(8) Monte-Carlo simulation
(9) Signal quality and throughput coverage prediction studies
(10) Analyze of frequency planning
(11) Production of reports
The operation flow chart is represented in the following figure.
Open an existing project
or build a new project
Monte-Carlo
Simulation
Frequency analyze
Forsk 2010
Signal quality,
throughput plot
User-defined values
Prediction reports
8/175
or select File->Open.
The project templates dialog box will appear. Choose LTE template.
Atoll opens a blank LTE project. The new project already includes the default antenna
database and propagation module set.
Forsk 2010
9/175
Explorer window
Map window
Event viewer
The Atoll main window contains an Explorer Window, a Map Window and an Event viewer,
as seen in the figure above.
Forsk 2010
10/175
In the appeared Open dialog box browse the geographical map folder.
Generally the following data maps need to be imported in Atoll: heights (map of the
altitude above sea level), clutter classes (type of land used) and vectors (vector maps).
The import order is optional. For this document, the order is heights->clutter->vectors.
Forsk 2010
11/175
In the Open dialog box, select the \Atoll 282 LTE demo projects and materials\Geo\
\Digital Terrain Model folder in the CDROM. Select the Brussels_DTM.bil file and
click on Open
2)
In the appeared Data type menu, select Altitudes (DTM) and click Import.
Forsk 2010
12/175
After the map import, the following figure appears. The heights map is automatically
put on the left side in the explorer window under the Geo tab named Digital Terrain
Model
Select again File->Import in the main toolbar. In the Open dialog box, select the
\Atoll 282 LTE demo projects and materials\Geo\Clutter Classes folder in the
CDROM. Select the Brussels_Clutter_classes.bil file and click on Open
Forsk 2010
13/175
2)
In the appeared Data type menu, select Clutter Classes and click on Ok
3)
After the map is imported, the following figure appears. The clutter classes map is
automatically put on the left side in the explorer window under the Geo tab named
Clutter Classes
4)
Double clicking on the Clutter Classes folder, opens the Clutter Classes properties
dialog box for the setting of clutter parameters. Select the Description tab and click
on the bottom right Refresh button. Atoll will filter the clutter classes, which are not
included in the clutter map. The following figure shows the filtered tab of clutter
classes.
The following parameters can be defined in the dialog box: Model Standard Deviation,
Forsk 2010
14/175
5)
These values have to be set according to the customer network, otherwise Atoll will
use default values for example 7dB for clutter standard deviation.
User may copy/paste setting table into Clutter Classes Properties dialog box from
LTE_Brussels_Network.xls
in
\Atoll
282
LTE
demo
projects
and
materials\Reference_Data\Network_Data folder of the CDROM, as below:
Forsk 2010
15/175
6)
In the Display tab, adjust the display color of each clutter type. Pay attention to the
Display type and the Field. The following figure is the suggested setting of
Display tab. Click on the color frame to change the color for each clutter type.
Select Add to legend to display information in the legend window. Use the
Transparency function to adjust the transparency of the map. The display of each clutter
Forsk 2010
16/175
After settings the Clutter Classes properties, the clutter map will be displayed as
below
Select again File->Import in the main toolbar. In the Open dialog box, select the
\Atoll 282 LTE Demo projects and materials\Geo\Vectors folder. Select all the files
and click on Open.
Forsk 2010
17/175
2)
In the appeared Vector import dialog box, select New folder in Geo in the
drop-down menu of Import to, input folder name such as Vectors and click OK, then
click Import.
Forsk 2010
18/175
3)
After the map import, the following figure appears. The vector map is automatically
put on the left side in the explorer window under the Geo tab named Vectors.
4)
Dragging the Vectors folder with the mouse to the top of the explorer window, the
vector map will be placed as the uppermost layer, as seen in the following figure.
Forsk 2010
19/175
5)
Double clicking on Airport in the Vectors folder, open the airport properties dialog
box, and select the Display tab, as seen in the following figure.
6)
Clicking on the vector line to open the Display dialog box to set the color and style
of the vector line.
Forsk 2010
20/175
7)
As shown in the following figure, the color of the vector line is changed.
8)
You may modify other vector files with the same operations as for the airport vector
file.
Forsk 2010
21/175
In the appeared Options dialog box, the Projection and Display can be defined in the
Coordinate systems frame.
1)
First set the projection system (it can be known by reading the file projection.txt in
the heights folder). For the demo project the projection system is WGS 84 UTM
zone 31N.
Click
dialog box and choose WGS84 UTM zones in the Find in drop-down menu.
Forsk 2010
22/175
2)
3)
4)
Forsk 2010
23/175
Systems dialog box. Select WGS84 UTM zones and choose the WGS 84 system (with
an ellipsoidal symbol).
5)
6)
After having set the Coordinate system, the Map Window displays the longitude and
latitude (d is degree, m is minute and s is second), as shown in the following
figure.
Forsk 2010
24/175
7)
The user can choose the Degree Format among the xxxx'xx.xx, xxdxxmxx.xxsS
format (minute and second), the xx.xxxxx format (decimal base) or the -xx.xxxxx
format (decimal base and southern hemisphere expressed with the minus sign), as
shown in the following figure.
Note: If the user wants to use another projection system and wants to display the
longitude and latitude coordinates, then the display system has to be chosen
according to the projection system name. Moreover there is an ellipsoid symbol in
front of the display system.
Forsk 2010
25/175
Forsk 2010
26/175
2)
Copy the columns Site, Longitude and Latitude (except the title line).
3)
Under Data tab of the Explorer/Data window, double clicking on the Sites folder
(or right clicking on the Sites folder and select Open Table) will open the Sites
table, as shown in the following figure.
Forsk 2010
27/175
4)
In the Sites table, select the first cell and paste the data. Apart from the columns
Site, Longitude and Latitude, the others are automatically filled in with default
value. The Altitude will be automatically read from the height map according to the
location of the sites. Atoll will transform automatically the longitude and latitude form
decimal format to minutes and seconds format. The imported sites will be put in the
Sites folder of the Explorer/Data window with an alphabetic order, as shown in the
following figure.
5)
If the user wants to delete one or several sites, he can delete them in the Sites table
or directly in the Explorer/Data window.
In the Sites table, click on the left grey cell of one/several line(s), which contains the
site you want to delete, to select the entire line, and press the keyboard delete
button.
In the Explorer/Data window, right click on the site which you want to delete and
select delete in the menu, as shown in the following figure.
Forsk 2010
28/175
6)
After the input of Sites data, the Map Window is automatically updated with the new
sites. In the following figure, a black circle represents a site.
7)
Open the Sites properties dialog box (right click on the Sites folder and select
properties) to change the display attributes, as shown in the following figure.
Forsk 2010
29/175
Choosing Unique allows only a unique color for the display of sites. Choosing Discrete
values or Value intervals allows colors displayed discretely or graded with certain
interval value. By default, a site is represented by a black circle.
If necessary, the symbol and color of sites can be changed, by selecting Properties in
the Actions dialog box. The appeared Display window allows the selection of color and
symbol.
Forsk 2010
30/175
8)
Forsk 2010
31/175
2)
In Atoll, right click on the Antennas folder in the Explorer Window and select New
in the context menu, as shown in the following figure.
Forsk 2010
32/175
3)
In the Antennas New element properties dialog box, the following tabs are available:
General, Horizontal pattern, Vertical pattern and Other properties.
4) In the General tab, the antenna gain and the electrical tilt can be defined.
Note: The electrical tilt value is only reference information for the user and this
value has no impact on the calculation. Antenna gain unit may be dBi or dBd. The
Options
Units
unit can be selected in the Tools
Tools
Options
Units dialog box.
Forsk 2010
33/175
5)
Forsk 2010
34/175
6)
Forsk 2010
35/175
Other parameters can be set in the Other properties tab only for reference and have
no impact on the calculation.
Forsk 2010
36/175
2)
3)
After opening the Transmitters table in Atoll, you will discover that the number of
fields is larger than in the Excel file. It is because some of the parameters in Atoll
don't need the input from the user and Atoll will automatically fill with default values.
The fields listed in the Excel document are those necessary parameters for the
transmitters.
Before copy/paste the Excel table in Atoll, the unnecessary columns have to be hidden. If
the user try to paste the data which dont match with the Transmitters tab, an error
message will be displayed.
Forsk 2010
37/175
4)
Copy the transmitters data of the Transmitters sheet of the Excel document (except
the title line) and paste it in the Transmitters table in Atoll, as shown in the following
figure. Note the corresponding columns order. Column order could be changed by
dragging the title.
Forsk 2010
38/175
5)
After the import of data in the Transmitters table, the Map Window will be
automatically updated, without refresh or saving the document. The black arrowhead
represents the transmitter.
6)
may zoom in or zoom out the Map Window (left click will
Forsk 2010
General tab:
Name: Transmitter name.
Site: select the donor site for the transmitter. Click on
selected site.
Antenna Position: set antennas position. Relative to Site is offset value from Site
position. Coordinates is direct the Long/Lat of the antenna.
Transmitter tab:
Active: To activate a transmitter or not. Atoll automatically present red for active
transmitter under Transmitters folder and white for inactive transmitter. Only active
transmitters will be taken into account.
Transmitter Type: Intra-network (Server and Interferer) specify transmitter as Server
and Interferer. Inter-network (Interferer Only) specify transmitter as interferer from
external network. This feature allows user to simulate different existing network
Forsk 2010
40/175
as below:
In Equipment Specification dialog box, the gain and loss of selected equipment will be
use to initialize the total loss of the transmitter.
TMA: TMA equipment. Click on
to define noise DL
/UL loss for BTS and Rho factor. Rho factor represents the
self-interference of BTS. (.i.e the difference between input signal and
output signal) .
Feeder Length: Length of feeder.
Miscellaneous Losses: other losses for transmission and reception with positive
values.
The calculated loss and noise figure will be presented under Computed frame, they
also could be user-defined in the Real frame. The Real value has higher priority.
Forsk 2010
41/175
property.
Number of Antenna Ports: to set number of antenna ports for MIMO.
Secondary Antenna: Atoll allows user to define a secondary antenna to share the
transmitter power (% Power). For example, you may define
40% transmitter power for secondary antenna then remain
60% for the main antenna.
Forsk 2010
42/175
select
Network
In the appeared Bands dialog box, Atoll allows user to define parameters as shown in the
following figure:
Forsk 2010
43/175
Click on Advanced button to select the methods for DL Reference Signal EPRE, Serving
Cell Layer Selection and the Margin for UL power Adjustment.
Forsk 2010
44/175
3)
4)
To open the Cells table, right click on Transmitters in the Explorer/Data and
select Cells->Open Table, as seen in the following figure.
Forsk 2010
45/175
5)
Adjust the Cells table fields order according to the Excel fields, copy the data of the
Cells sheet and paste it the Cells table of Atoll, as shown in the following figure.
Forsk 2010
46/175
The Name field in the Cells table may be set according to the user preference. In
Atoll, the default name is set as: Transmitter_name (0 , where 0 is the carrier
number.
7)
Forsk 2010
47/175
48/175
49/175
Forsk 2010
50/175
2)
3)
Please find the Brussels_LTE.mdb document in the \Atoll 282 LTE demo projects
and materials\Reference_Data\Access_Database folder in the CDROM. This
document is an Access database file, containing the Brussels network data (but it
does not contain the map data).
In Atoll, select File->New->From an Existing Database, as shown in the following
figure.
In the browsing window select the Brussels_LTE.mdb document from the CDROM.
Forsk 2010
51/175
4)
5)
After clicking on Open, Atoll automatically import all network data from the database
to the Atoll project.
Using Centre in the Map Window to let the sites appear in the center of the window.
Note: The database does not include the map data, therefore the map data has to be
Forsk 2010
52/175
Forsk 2010
53/175
Forsk 2010
54/175
In the Map Window, a new site (including 3 transmitters) can be added directly with a click
on the appropriate position. Simultaneously, Atoll adds the corresponding information into
the data sheets.
Press the Ctrl key to continuously lay sites in the Map Window. When the laying of sites
is finished, press the Esc key to withdraw from the current status.
Forsk 2010
55/175
3.4.6.2
cursor.
Then draw a polygon in the Map Window to add a new group of sites inside the selected
region. Sites will be automatically laid inside the region with a certain inter-site distance,
as seen in the following figure.
Forsk 2010
56/175
Similarly, Atoll will add the corresponding information to the new sites into the data sheets.
If the user wants to delete a group of sites, it can be done in the Site table as explain
above or more quickly through the following operations:
Right click on a group of the Hexagonal Design folder and select Delete, then the entire
group of sites will be deleted.
Forsk 2010
57/175
Choosing Manage Templates in bottom will open the Station Template Properties
dialog box.
The user can edit the templates parameters by clicking on Properties button. The user
may also add a new template or delete an existing one.
In the appeared dialog box, the templates properties (for example, the number of sectors,
the antenna model, the azimuth, the tilt, the height and so on) can be edited.
Forsk 2010
58/175
Forsk 2010
59/175
Double click on Default Cell Equipment and Default UE Equipment to open the properties
dialog box.
Forsk 2010
60/175
In the appeared dialog select MIMO tab to set the number of reception/transmission
antennas, the corresponding MIMO gain (Diversity Gain for STTD, Max MIMO Gain for
SU-MIMO), and Mobility etc, as seen in below figure.
2)
Right click on Transmitter folder in Explorer/Data and select Open Table to set the
number of reception/transmission antennas for MIMO transmitter as seen in below
figure.
Forsk 2010
61/175
3)
4)
Right click on Transmitter folder in Explorer/Data and select Equipment -> Cells to
set UL/DL diversity support types for cell using MIMO, the diversity support type may
be Transmit Diversity, SU-MIMO or AMS for DL and Receive Diversity, SU-MIMO,
AMS or MU-MIMO for UL. If AMS or MU-MIMO (for UL) is selected, the AMS &
MU-MIMO Threshold should be set. MU-MIMO Capacity Gain presents UL capacity
rise due to MU-MIMO.
Forsk 2010
62/175
5)
Define MIMO gain based on clutter classes in Clutter Classes map properties.
Forsk 2010
63/175
Forsk 2010
64/175
s
3.5.1.1 Import of CW measurement
measurements
Note: the CW measurements used by this document are just for the purpose of
helping the user to be familiar with the use of the software. The detailed
requirements for CW measurements (including data quantity) are described in the
SPM model calibration document, which can be provided upon request.
To import the measurements, there are 2 methods: Copy/Paste and import.
1) Copy/Paste method
(1) Open the Site89_2 survey worksheet in the LTE_Brussels_Network.xls
document. This worksheet provides the measurements corresponding to the
Site89_2 cell with the longitude, the latitude and the received signal level for
each sampling point
Forsk 2010
65/175
(2)
Forsk 2010
66/175
(3)
In New CW measurement path dialog box, fill in the file name, the
corresponding transmitter, the receiver height. Then paste the Excel table data
into the table, as shown in the following figure.
Note: Set the coordinate system with WGS84
WGS84 corresponding to the projection
system use in the Excel tab.
Forsk 2010
67/175
After clicking on OK, the test data are immediately displayed on the Map Window. Each
point represents a measurement sampling.
2)
Import method
(1) Atoll supports the formats .dat, .txt, .csv and .hd (PlaNET)
(2) Please find 3 .txt documents inside the Atoll 282 LTE demo projects and
materials\Reference_Data\Measurement_Surveys folder of the CDROM
(3) In Atoll, right click on CW measurements in the Explorer\Data window and
select Import as shown in the following figure
Forsk 2010
68/175
(4)
In the appeared Open dialog box, browse for the document to be imported.
Atoll supports the multi selection of files. Several measurements
corresponding to the same transmitter can be imported at the same time, but if
the measurements belong to different transmitters, then each measurement
has to be imported separately.
Provided test data corresponding to different transmitters, the measurements have to be
imported one by one.
Forsk 2010
69/175
(5)
The appeared dialog box contains two tabs, General and Setup. In the
General tab, define the corresponding reference transmitter, the frequency
and receiver height, as shown in the following figure.
Forsk 2010
70/175
(6)
In the Setup tab, fill in the 1st Measurement Row field with 2 (because the
drive test document has a title line and the data start at the second line). Then
click on the Setup button.
Forsk 2010
71/175
(7)
After clicking on the Setup button, the CW Measurement Setup dialog box
appears, as shown in the following figure. Define X-Coordinates and
Y-Coordinates fields with respectively the longitude and latitude.
Forsk 2010
72/175
(8)
Click on the Import button in the import main window and then the
measurement data will be imported into the project. After the import, the
measurement data will be automatically put in the CW measurements folder
of the Explorer Window. Use Centre in the Map Window function to display
the imported measurements in the center of the map.
Forsk 2010
73/175
Forsk 2010
74/175
Select Filtering Zone to draw a filtering zone on the map to filter CW points
outside the zone; Select Filtering Assistance to filter CW points basin go
custom rules, like distance, angle and clutter etc, as seen in below figure:
Forsk 2010
75/175
(3)
In the appeared dialog box, select the K parameters that will be used for the
calibration. It is recommended not to select the K6 and K7 parameter.
Forsk 2010
76/175
Double click on a K parameter or select a K parameter and click on Define Range, will
open the Define Domain dialog box, where the range of the K parameter can be defined,
as shown in the following figure. But generally it is recommended to keep the default
values defined above.
Forsk 2010
77/175
(5)
After the computation, Atoll provides in the same dialog box the results and the
statistics concerning the model, as the average error and the standard
deviation. According to the results, the user may choose to commit the K
parameters list by clicking on the Commit button.
(7)
If the results are not satisfactory and the K parameters have been already
committed, the propagation model can be deleted by right clicking on it and
selecting Delete (or by pressing the Delete key on the keyboard).
If after the calibration, the model has to be used in other projects, copy it by
Forsk 2010
78/175
Forsk 2010
79/175
Right click on the CW measurement in the Explorer\ Data window. Then select
Properties in the context menu.
Forsk 2010
80/175
On the appeared properties dialog box, select the calibrated propagation model and
click on OK.
3)
Forsk 2010
81/175
4)
Forsk 2010
82/175
5)
So the selected propagation model will be used. Right click on the CW measurement
and select Display Statistics. Atoll will display the statistics report and the standard
deviation of the measurement is available.
Forsk 2010
83/175
6)
Right click on the CW measurement and select Open the Analysis Tool.
Forsk 2010
84/175
The calibration process above is also applied for other propagation module such as
Cost-Hata.
Note: For the document with the detailed model calibration operations, please
contact Atoll support team.
Forsk 2010
85/175
If all transmitters use the same propagation model, then the quickest way is to define the
model in the Transmitters properties dialog box. In the Propagation tab, select the
propagation model and choose the radius and the resolution (Normally the resolution is
the same as the digital map).
Forsk 2010
86/175
Right click the Cost-Hata model and select Duplicate will duplicate the Cost-Hata
model. So, the calibration will not affect the parameters of the existing Cost-Hata
model.
Forsk 2010
87/175
2)
Click on Formulasbutton to check the formulas, each parameter of each formula may be
user defined.
Forsk 2010
88/175
Right clicking on the folder Copy of Cost-Hata and select Calibration will open the
calibration wizard. Select one or several CW measurement(s) and click Next, as
shown in the following figure.
4)
In the appeared dialogue select the parameters that Atoll need to calibrate and click
Next, as shown in the following figure.
5)
Atoll automatically calibrates the Cost-Hata model and displays the parameters
before and after the calibration. Atoll provides also the root mean square, the
average and the standard deviation of parameters before and after the calibration.
Forsk 2010
89/175
6)
7)
If a propagation model is not useful, its easy to delete it by right clicking on the
Cost-Hata model and select Delete or use the Delete key on the keyboard.
If the user wants to use the propagation model in another Atoll project, just copy the
existing propagation model with CTRL+C and then paste it in the new project with
CTRL+V.
Forsk 2010
90/175
Forsk 2010
91/175
Right click on the Predictions folder of the Explorer/ Data window and select
Properties (or double click directly on the Prediction folder).
2)
In the Predictions properties dialog box, set the Default resolution value to 20m
(this will be the resolution for the following prediction studies). Clicking on Private
Directory allows the user to select the directory of pathloss document, which will be
Forsk 2010
92/175
3)
Forsk 2010
93/175
(2)
Then draw a polygon with the mouse to delimitate the region, for which the
propagation will be calculated.
Forsk 2010
94/175
2)
Forsk 2010
95/175
(2)
In the appeared dialog box, browse for the \ Atoll 282 LTE demo projects and
materials\Reference_Data\Computation_Zone folder in the CDROM and
open the Brussels_Computation_Zone.mif document.
Forsk 2010
96/175
(3)
After opening the document, the Vector import dialog box will appear, as
shown in the following figure. Press the Import button to import the
computation zone.
(4)
After the import, the computation zone will appear in red, as seen in the
Forsk 2010
97/175
(5)
Right click on Computation Zone in the Geo tab and select Export. Then
export the computation zone with .MIF, .agd (Atoll map format) or .shp format.
This computation zone can be imported in other projects.
Forsk 2010
98/175
Forsk 2010
99/175
In the appeared Study Types dialog box, Atoll provides by default 13 types of predictions.
The first 5 studies are concerning LTE pilot traffic power without considering the load
conditions, so these predictions can be done before the Monte Carlo simulation.
Forsk 2010
100/175
2)
In the Condition tab, set the Signal level threshold (for example -120dBm) and
Forsk 2010
101/175
The default value for the Cell Edge Coverage Probability is 75%. If the standard deviation
is set in the Clutter Classes properties, Atoll will use this value to calculate the Shadowing
Margin. Atoll supports Cell Edge Coverage Probability lower than 50%. Atoll considers
indoor loss in predictions which is read from the properties of Clutter Classes.
3) In the Display tab, define the display attributes, such as coverage transparency and
so on.
Forsk 2010
102/175
4)
Click on the OK button to close the dialog box. Clicking on the toolbar button
(or F7 on the keyboard), Atoll starts the computation and open automatically the
Event viewer window, which shows the prediction calculation progress.
If the Propagation calculation is already calculated, Atoll will start the computation of the
coverage study.
Each prediction study is stored automatically in the Prediction folder of the Explorer/
Data window, the generated prediction are shown in the following figure.
Forsk 2010
103/175
The generated prediction study is locked automatically. So if any parameters are changed
this prediction study result will not be changed.
If the prediction study has to be recomputed, right click on this prediction study and unlock
the study before starting the computation.
Forsk 2010
104/175
Forsk 2010
105/175
4)
After defining the properties, similarly as for the Best Server prediction, click on the
toolbar button
Note: Previously Atoll already calculated the pathloss matrices with the Coverage
by transmitters
transmitters prediction. For the Signal Level
Level prediction, there is no change of
RF parameters, so this time Atoll calculates only the prediction.
5)
The prediction of the coverage by signal level is represented in the following figure.
Forsk 2010
106/175
6)
Forsk 2010
107/175
3)
Number of servers >=2 represents the region where the received signal level from
Forsk 2010
108/175
2)
3)
4)
A Save as dialogue window will prompt up. Define the name and the path of the
XML file you would like to save, as shown in the below figure. By default, the storage
path is the installation folder of Atoll.
The prediction template will be added in the Study type dialog box.
If you want to delete this template, select it and click delete button.
Forsk 2010
109/175
s Allocation
3.7 Automatic Neighbour
Neighbours
Atoll allows the user to fill the neighbours table or add the neighbours manually or allocate
the neighbours automatically.
Right click on the Transmitters folder in the Explorer/ Data window and select
Cells-> Neighbours-> Intra Technology Neighbours.
2)
3)
Forsk 2010
110/175
Forsk 2010
111/175
Right click on the Transmitters folder in the Explorer/ Data window and select
Cells-> Neighbours-> Automatically Allocation.
2)
In the appeared Automatic Neighbour Allocation dialog box define the properties
and then start the automatic allocation by clicking on the Run button.
Forsk 2010
112/175
3)
The automatic allocation results will be displayed in the same dialog box. According
to the results, the user may choose to commit the automatic neighbour allocation list
by clicking on the Commit button.
Forsk 2010
113/175
4)
Forsk 2010
114/175
Display the Coverage by transmitters prediction. New neighbour relation can be added
or removed graphically by pressing the CTRL key and left clicking on a Best Server
area.
Forsk 2010
115/175
Forsk 2010
116/175
In the appeared dialog box define the conditions and limits during the allocation.
Forsk 2010
117/175
For Interference Matrices section, user may input a Quality Margin directly, or click on
Calculate button to calculate the interference matrices between each cells, check the Take
into Account after calculating.
Click on Calculate button in the bottom of dialog box to start the frequency allocation. The
Forsk 2010
118/175
Open the Cells table to check the updated Channel Number, the Channel Allocation
Status will be automatically changed to Allocated.
Forsk 2010
119/175
Forsk 2010
120/175
Forsk 2010
121/175
In the appeared dialog box define the conditions and limits during the allocation. Click on
Calculate button in the bottom of dialog box to start the PCI allocation. The allocation
result will displayed in the same dialog box, the result could be committed to the cells table
by clicking on Commit button.
Forsk 2010
122/175
Forsk 2010
123/175
3.10 Simulations
3.10.1 Traffic model
In the LTE Parameters of the Explorer/ Data window user may define The LTE traffic
model including: Environments, User profiles, Terminals, Mobility Types and
Services.
Services Type
Mobility Type
Terminals Type
User Profiles
Environments
3.10.1.1
1)
2)
Services
By default, Atoll provides 4 kinds of service types. Double clicking on the VoIP type
will open the VoIP properties dialog box.
In General tab set the UL/DL Activity factor and the Priority.
Forsk 2010
124/175
3.10.1.2
Mobility types
Atoll provides by default 4 Mobility Types (the name depends of the speed). Double
clicking on the Pedestrian mobility opens the Pedestrian properties dialog box. The
Mobility types are used to select the bearer and MIMO gain.
3.10.1.3
1)
Terminals
Atoll provides 2 kinds of Terminals by default. Double click on MIMO Terminal and
open the MIMO Terminal properties dialog box.
Forsk 2010
125/175
2)
Atoll allows the user to build a new terminal type by right clicking on Terminals folder
and selecting New in the context menu to input the related parameters.
3.10.1.4
1)
User profile
Atoll provides by default 2 kinds of user profiles. Double click one Business User to
open the open the Business User properties dialog box.
Forsk 2010
126/175
2)
3)
In the General tab, for CS service such as Voice define the associated Terminal, the
Calls/Hours and the Duration; for PS service such as Message define the associated
Terminal, the Calls/hour and the DL/UL Volume(Kbytes)
Atoll allows the user to build a new user profile type by right clicking on User profile
folder and selecting New in the context menu to input the related parameters.
3.10.1.5
Environments
1)
2)
In the General tab. For each kind of User type, fill in the corresponding Mobility
Forsk 2010
127/175
3)
Forsk 2010
128/175
Right click on Traffic in the Explorer/ Geo tab and select New map, as seen in the
following figure.
In the appeared New traffic Map dialog box, the above 3 types of methods for traffic map
creation can be selected, as shown in the following figure.
Forsk 2010
129/175
In the following paragraphs, 3 methods for traffic map creation will be introduced with the
reference data from \Reference_Data\Traffic_Data in the CDROM.
Forsk 2010
130/175
3.10.2.1
This kind of traffic map can be drawn manually or imported from external files.
1) Draw manually
(1) In the New Traffic Map dialog box, select User profile environments and
click on Create Map
(2) Atoll will display the Environment map editor on the top of the Map Window.
(3) In the Environment map editor, the user can choose one kind of environment,
like Suburban
(4)
(5)
Forsk 2010
131/175
(6)
button.
the map.
Forsk 2010
132/175
Forsk 2010
133/175
3.10.2.2
This kind of traffic map may also be drawn manually or imported from external files.
The drawing method is the same as the method introduced for the traffic map User profile
environments. In the following part, the method for importing a traffic map from the
CDROM is introduced.
1) Select User profile densities in the Create a traffic map dialog box and then click
on the Import a file button.
2) In the appeared dialog box, select the \Atoll 282 LTE demo projects and
materials\Reference_Data\Traffic_Data\Vector_Traffic\Airport\Airport_Building.MIF
file from the CDROM and import it.
3) In the appeared dialog box, select the Traffic tab to define the indoor percentage
and the weight for each clutter.
4)
Import with the same method the other vector traffic maps located in the \Atoll 282
LTE demo projects and materials\Reference_Data\Traffic_Data\Vector_Traffic folder.
Forsk 2010
134/175
3.10.2.3
Traffic map per sector can be either generated by input data manually or imported from
external files. Before generating this kind of traffic map, the Coverage by transmitters
prediction must be made.
As shown in the following figure, the input parameters for each serving cell and each
service can be:
The following paragraphs will introduce the manual input of data and the import of traffic
map for the first traffic map per sector, but the procedure is the same for the total number
of users (all activity statuses) and number of users per activity status traffic maps.
1)
Forsk 2010
135/175
(4)
After clicking OK, the traffic map properties dialog box will automatically
appear. In the traffic tab, fill in the percentage of each type of Terminal, the
percentage of each type of Mobility, the percentage of Indoor users and clutter
weight per clutter class.
Forsk 2010
136/175
2)
After clicking on the OK button, the traffic map will be loaded on the Map
Window. Each best server zone defined by The Coverage by Transmitter
prediction will have a traffic distributed.
Forsk 2010
137/175
3.10.2.4
User density traffic map can be either generated by input data manually or imported from
external files.
User density traffic map provides the number of connected users per unit surface, i.e., the
density of users, as input. It can be either the density of users per activity status or the
density of users including all activity statuses. Atoll provides the following type of traffic
map per user density:
Active in Uplink:
Active in Downlink
Inactive
Right click on Traffic in the Explorer/ Geo tab, select New Map. In the appeared dialog
box select User density traffic map with All activity statuses and then click on the
Create Map button. The User density traffic map properties window will appear, as
shown in the following figure.
Then define the distributions for Terminals, Mobilities, Services and Clutter. In the
Display tab, the color of the traffic map can be defined.
After clicking OK, a Map per density of users 1 will be added under Traffic folder in
Forsk 2010
138/175
The drawing method is the same as Based on environments per user profiles.
The original density is 0, double click on the Traffic region and in the appeared dialog box
define the corresponding Traffic Density.
Forsk 2010
139/175
In the appeared Subscriber list properties dialog box input the name of the Subscriber list,
like Subscriber List 0 as below, then click OK.
Forsk 2010
140/175
Forsk 2010
141/175
When the add is finished, press ESC to quit adding status. Right click on Subscriber List0
under Subscribers folder in Data/Explorer and select Open Table to check the positions of
added points.
Forsk 2010
142/175
Right click on Subscribers folder in Explorer\ Data and select Import in the context menu
browse Reference_Data\Subscriber_List.txt in the CDROM and import it.
Forsk 2010
143/175
In the appeared Import window, click on Import button in the below left.
Forsk 2010
144/175
Forsk 2010
145/175
In the appeared Subscriber List properties dialog box check the Shadowing taken into
account box and fill the Cell Edge Coverage Probability, click on Calculation button then.
In Event Viewer user may check the calculation process, the calculation is not basing on
path loss matrices. Atoll uses the location and height of each Subscriber to calculate the
path loss, receiver power and other outputs.
Forsk 2010
146/175
Forsk 2010
147/175
Right click on the LTE Simulations folder in the Explorer/ Data window and select
New.
3)
In the appeared dialog box, set the Number of Simulations, the Max DL/UL Traffic
Load(global value or value per cell)
Forsk 2010
148/175
4)
In the Source Traffic tab, select the traffic map or the subscribers list which will be
used for the simulation.
Forsk 2010
149/175
5)
Forsk 2010
150/175
7)
The simulation results are available in the LTE simulations folder. Double clicking on
a simulation opens the simulation properties dialog box with the simulation report.
The simulation report is composed with 5 tabs, Statistics, Sites, Cells,
Mobiles, and Initial Conditions.
Forsk 2010
151/175
Forsk 2010
152/175
Forsk 2010
153/175
window. The cursor turns into a circle representing the receiver. Put the receiver on the
Map Window, as shown in the following figure.
3.11.1 Profile
In the Profile tab, the user may analyze the terrain profile between the transmitter and
the receiver, the received signal level, the link budget and other information.
The desired transmitter (for the profile analysis) can be selected in the Profile window or
directly on the map. Atoll automatically displays the terrain profile between the selected
transmitter and the receiver.
In the Profile tab, the point to point signal power is real-time calculated.
Forsk 2010
154/175
Right clicking on the Profile tab and selecting Link budget to open the Link Budget
window, with the information about the link budget between the transmitter and the
receiver.
3.11.2 Reception
In the Reception tab, the received signal level values for the strongest transmitters are
given with bars, link between receiver and these transmitters shows on the Map window.
The received power values are calculated according to the stored path loss matrices.
Forsk 2010
155/175
Double clicking on Reference Signals, Downlink and Uplink in the right box to check
corresponding detailed information, below figure are an example for Downlink.
Forsk 2010
156/175
3.11.3 Interference
In the Interference tab, user may analyze the noises around the location of the receiver..
3.11.4 Results
The Results tab gives the received power for all cells, as seen in the following figure.
Forsk 2010
157/175
Forsk 2010
158/175
In the Study Types dialog box, select Coverage by C/(I+N) Level (DL).
In the appeared dialog box, select the Condition tab and define:
Load Conditions: Either an existing simulation result or the cells table can be used for
the load conditions. It is recommended to select a group of simulations and to check
the Average box. The loads factors are Total Power for the DL and UL load for
the UL.
Terminal.
Service.
Mobility.
Forsk 2010
159/175
4 Click on the OK button to close the dialog box. Click Calculate on the toolbar
button (or F7 on the keyboard) to start the computation.
The following figure shows the DL C/(I+N) prediction plot.
Forsk 2010
160/175
Forsk 2010
161/175
Prediction types
Coverage by Transmitter
Coverage by Signal Level (full
frequency band)
Coverage by Path loss
Overlapping zones
Study types
Coverage by transmitter
(select Best signal level in
Condition tab)
Coverage by signal level
(select Best signal level in
Condition tab)
Coverage by signal level
(select Best signal level in
Condition tab)
Coverage by signal level
(select Best signal level in
Condition tab)
Overlapping zones
(select Best signal level in
Condition tab)
Display type
Field
Discrete
values
Transmitter
Value intervals
Signal Level(dB)
Value intervals
Path Loss(dB)
Value intervals
Total Losses(dB)
Value intervals
Number of Servers
Value intervals
Value intervals
Value intervals
Value intervals
Value intervals
RSRQ Level
Value intervals
RSSI Level
Value intervals
Reference/ SS/
PDSCH/ PDCCH/
Coverage by RSRQ
Coverage by RSSI
Coverage by DL Reference/
SS/ PDSCH/ PDCCH/ PBCH
Forsk 2010
162/175
C/(I+N)
Coverage by DL PDCCH/
PDSCH Total Noise
Value intervals
Value intervals
Coverage by Channel
Throughput (DL)
Value intervals
Coverage by DL Application
Throughput
Coverage by Channel
Throughput (DL)
Value intervals
Coverage by UL PDSCH/
PDCCH C/(I+N)
Value intervals
Coverage by UL PUCCH/
PUSCH Total Noise
Value intervals
Value intervals
Coverage by UL
PUSCH/PUCCH C/(I+N) for a
frequency block
Value intervals
Coverage by UL transmission
Power
Coverage by UL Best Bearer
PBCH C/(I+N)
Level (DL) (dB)
PDCCH/ PDSCH
Total Noise (I+N)
(DL) (dB)
SS & PBCH Total
Noise (I+N) (DL)
(dB)
Best Bearer (DL)
Peak RLC Channel
Throughput (DL)
Effective RLC
Channel
Throughput (DL)
Application
Channel
Throughput (DL)
PUSCH/ PUCCH
C/(I+N) Level (UL)
(dB)
PUCCH/ PUSCH
Total Noise (I+N)
(DL) (dB)
Allocated
Bandwidth (UL)
(No. of Frequency
Blocks)
PUSCH/PUCCH
C/(I+N) Level for 1
frequency block
(UL) (dB)
Transmission
Power (UL) (dBm)
Best Bearer (UL)
Peak RLC Allocated
Bandwidth
Throughput (UL)
Effective RLC
Allocated
Bandwidth
Throughput (UL)
Application
Allocated
163/175
throughput
Bandwidth
Throughput (UL)
Coverage by DL Quality
Indicator
Coverage by UL Quality
Indicator
Forsk 2010
Value intervals
BER/ BLER
Value intervals
BER/ BLER
164/175
Forsk 2010
165/175
3Right-click Transmitter folder and select Properties form the context menu, in the Global
Parameters tab of appeared Properties dialog box, set the Switching Point Periodicity.
Forsk 2010
166/175
Forsk 2010
167/175
Save the user configuration: Select User Configuration->Export in the Tools menu,
opening the following User Configuration dialog box. Select the information to be
exported and click on the OK button. The project configuration will be saved in a
.cfg file.
2)
Import a user configuration: The configuration files are stored in the folder \Atoll 282
LTE demo projects and materials\Reference_ data\User_configuration from the
CDROM.
Select Tools->User configuration->Import in Atoll, as shown in the following figure.
Forsk 2010
168/175
In the Open dialog box select a .cfg file located in the CDROM, for example the
User_Configuration.cfg.
Forsk 2010
169/175
Forsk 2010
170/175
The path loss matrices will be stored in the selected directory with the following name
project name.losses.
Note: when the project document is moved, the corresponding .losses folder has to
be moved in the same directory. Otherwise Atoll will recalculate the path loss
matrices.
Forsk 2010
171/175
Selecting cells in several columns and the option Filtering by selection in the popup
menu performs a AND filtering criterion
For example: filter cells with 33dBm as pilot power AND 120as azimuth.
Forsk 2010
172/175
To modify the column style, select a column and use the Format columns feature.
You may also use the Align Left, Centre, Align Right, Bold and Italic features.
How to predict signal level (received from a transmitter) on a road?
The easiest way consists in using measurement features. Lets assume you have
previously imported a vector file. The procedure is divided into three steps:
Forsk 2010
173/175
Right click on a linear object and select the Element properties feature. In the
Geometry tab, copy the list of coordinates (ctrl+C).
Right click on the Measurement folder and select the New feature. Give a name to
the path, specify measurement unit, transmitter and receiver properties and finally
click on the Paste button. Then, click on OK to validate the path creation.
Open the path properties window. Choose a propagation model, click on Actions and
choose Calculate predictions. The signal level calculated on the path is displayed in a
related table (P(dBm) column). You may use the Measurements window to visualize
the signal level received from the selected transmitter on the path.
Forsk 2010
174/175
Atoll
Getting Started LTE
2
Version 2.8.
2.8.2
May 2010
Head Office
7, rue des Briquetiers
31700 Blagnac - France
Tel: +33 562 747 210
Fax: +33 562 747 211
Asia Office
Suite 302, 3/F, West Tower,
Jiadu Commercial Building,
No. 66 Jianzhong Road,
Guangzhou, 510665, P. R. of China
Tel: +86 20 8553 8938
Fax: +86 20 8553 8285
US Office
200 South Wacker Drive - Suite
Forsk 2010
3100
Chicago, IL 60606 - USA
Tel: +1 312 674 4846
Fax: +1 312 674 4847
175/175