T.

V
INFORMATION
Television is a telecommunication medium used for transmitting sound with moving
images in monochrome (black-and-white), or in colour, and in two or three dimensions.
It can refer to a television set, a television program, or the medium oftelevision
transmission. Television is a mass medium,
for entertainment, education, news and advertising

HOW IT WORKS ?
A television receiver is an electronic device that receives audio and video signals from
an antenna, cable/satellite, or a video player and converts those signals into visible light
rays and audible sound. A television receiver displays a picture as horizontal lines on
the screen. Each line contains a series of red, green, and blue stripes. At viewing
distance, the lines and stripes merge and we see a sharp picture in full color. Modern
televisions rely on solid-state electronic components that require servicing by a trained
technician.
.

COMMON TROUBLE

REMEDY

The television turns on and off by itself

Change the batteries in

your television remote control.
Cover up the infra-red receptor on
the front of your television with a

piece of foil to see if you're getting

unwanted signals from the receptor.
Unplug your television for a
moment then plug it back in this

resets the logic functions which might

be causing the glitch.
Recently added equipment (like
remote-control extenders, new
remotes or new devices) might be
interfering with yourtelevision.

Remove these devices and test

your television again.
From this point re-connect your
devices one at a time to try and
identify the piece of equipment
causing the issue.

A patch of different colour displays at

the side of the screen

This is usually the result of magnets in

the speakers that are positioned too
close to the set. Move any auxiliary
speakers away from the set and see if
this resolves the problem.
If this doesnt work, you might have to
put in some elbow grease. Firmly slap
the discoloured screen area with the
palm of your hand. If you notice ringing
waves of colour in the picture the
shadow mask inside the tube is more

Television has picture but no sound

than likely distorted. If so, you'll

probably have to replace your television.
Go to the onscreen menu and see if you
have the wrong sound system selected.
Navigate to the audio settings and see if
any options allow you to change the
output of the set.

Television has sound but no picture

Try increasing the brightness and

contrast to maximum. Is there any static
on the screen? If so, the line time base
and transformer are without fault. You
may be able to hear a very high pitched
whistle from the line time base,
indicating that it's working.

WASHING MACHINE
INFORMATION
A washing machine (laundry machine, clothes washer, or washer) is
a machine used to wash laundry, such as clothing and sheets. The term is mostly
applied to machines that use water as opposed to dry cleaning (which uses alternative
cleaning fluids, and is performed by specialist businesses) or ultrasonic cleaners

HOW IT WORKS ?
Washing machines get clothing clean by plunging the clothes through the water
and detergent mixture. It is the motion that really helps to loosen dirt. In the old
days, they used to beat wet clothes against a rock to get them clean.

COMMON TROUBLES
not spinning

won't drain

REMEDY
The first and most obvious things to
check are:sensors. These sensors
(usually built into the electronics) will
interpret small loads as a potential risk
as the washing machine or washer dryer
could spin out of balance leading to
excessive vibration, potential damage to
the cabinet and stress on the bearing
and drum.
The easiest way to drain the washing
machine if it's full of water is to pull it
out and then drop the drain hose into a
basin, gravity will do the rest. This is
commonly known as gravity draining.

very noisy
Something stuck in the drum, like a bra
wire, coin or suchlike "rattling" when the
machine is on and the drum is moving.
Some machines have removable drum
paddles to allow you access to remove
such things but, where there isn't that
facility, you can access the offending
item very often through the heater hole
or the sump hose hole, both you have to
remove of course to gain access.
Bearings failed or failing can also cause
a noise. If you turn the drum by hand
and there is a "rumbling noise" or any
play in the drum up and down then it's
very probably that the bearings are
bounces about

stops on a program and will not finish

the cycle

either faulty or about to be.

Check the installation, make sure the
machine is level and any transit straps
are removed.
almost anything can cause this from
motor carbon brushes being faulty,
heater, thermostats or almost anything
else.

RICE COOCKER
INFORMATION
Rice cookers may be divided into rice cooking sauce pans or pots
(risotto pan, paella pan, porridge pot), rice steamers ceramic or plastic containers
for microwave ovens, and gas and electrical appliances.

HOW IT WORKS ?

Rice needs two things to evolve from a hard, little grain to big,
fluffy morsels -- lots of water and lots of heat. For this reason,
cooking rice happens in four phases:
1. Sitting in water
2. Boiling
3. Absorbing water (steaming)
4. Resting

COMMON TROUBLES
Rice cooker will not turn on

REMEDY
Power Cord is Broken
If the device will not turn on, you may
want to inspect the power cord for frays,
gashes, or cuts. You will need to replace
the power cord if it is damaged.

Internal circuitry is Broken

This may be a problem with the internal
circuitry and connections. You will want to
check internally for faulty connections.
Button to turn on machine is broken
If the button on the rice cooker can't be
Rice cooker will not lock into on
position

pressed down to turn on the device, or is

missing or broken, you'll need to replace
it.
Spring that locks the hotplate down is
broken
If the rice cooker continues to heat up
after you take the rice bowl out, then you
are going to need to replace the
spring which turns off the heat.
Light is burnt out
If the rice cooker is heating properly, but

Indicator light will not turn on

the light isn't indicating whether the rice

is cooked or kept warm, then the light
bulbs are probably blown out and need to

be replaced.

Light is not connected to the circuitry

Besides the light being burnt out, the light
could be improperly connected to the
circuitry. You can reconnect it if replacing
the bulb doesn't work.

MICROWAVE OVEN
INFORMATION
A microwave oven, commonly referred to as a microwave, is a kitchen appliance that
heats and cooks food by exposing it to electromagnetic radiation in the microwave
spectrum. This induces polar molecules in the food to rotate and produce thermal
energy in a process known as dielectric heating

HOW IT WORKS ?

a microwave oven uses microwaves to heat food. Microwaves

are a type of wave that are sandwiched between radio waves and
infrared radiation on the electromagnetic spectrum. In the case of
microwave ovens, the commonly used wave frequency is roughly
2,450 megahertz (2.45 gigahertz).

REMEDY

COMMON TROUBLE
Your Microwave Oven Won't Run at
All

Your Microwave
Fuses

Keeps

Blowing

Your Microwave Oven Coocks Slowly

or Unevenly

Your Microwave
Cook Anything

Runs

but

Won't

Unplug the power cord and check for

voltage at the outlet. First, inspect the cord
for any damage or burn marks
Check the door switch as described above.
The capacitor or diode may be bad.
Discharge the capacitor as described
earlier in the article, and then test it by
removing the leads and setting the VOM to
RX100. Probe the terminals. The reading
should start in the low ohms and increase
toward infinity.
Check the voltage at the outlet supplying
power. If it is lower than 115 volts, there is
a problem with your electrical service or
breaker. A bad turntable motor may also
be the cause. To check it, turn the
microwave over onto its top and remove
the bottom grill. Set the VOM to RX1,
remove one lead from the motor terminals,
and probe the terminals. If the reading is
infinity, then replace the motor. The
magnetron and the wave guide may also
be the culprits here, but they need to be
serviced by a professional.
The thermal cutoffs are little disc shaped
devices with a wire connecting the two of
them. Remove a lead and set the VOM to
RX1 again before probing the terminals to
look for a reading of zero. If the reading
isn't right, then it will need replacement.
You'll need to check both thermal cutoffs.

VACUUM CLEANER
INFORMATION

A vacuum cleaner is a device that uses an air pump (a centrifugal fan in all but
some of the very oldest models), to create a partial vacuum to suck up dust and dirt,
usually from floors, and from other surfaces such as upholstery and draperies

HOW IT WORKS
A vacuum cleaner is a form of technology. Technology is something that people
create to solve problems. Vacuum cleaners pull air in and the air sucks up dirt
and dust.

REMEDY

COMMON TROUBLES
Initial Check

Suction without Picking Up

Repairing a Broken Belt

No Power

The very first thing you need to check is

the bag or cylinder on your vacuum
cleaner. If its full, there will be no suction.
Just remove the old bag or take out the
cylinder and empty it before replacing with
a fresh bag.
If theres ample suction but the machine
wont pick up material, check the hose for
blockages. Disconnect the hose from the
vacuum cleaner and inspect it for any
cracks or holes. If any are found, use duct
tape to repair them - it might not look
great, but it does the job! Where theres a
blockage in the vacuum cleaner, clean it
out by pushing a long, thin object like a
broom handle through the entire length of
thre hose.
One common problem is a worn or broken
belt on the vacuum cleaner. Unscrew or
unsnap the cover plate behind the brush
and inspect the vacuum cleaner belt for
wear and tightness. If theres excessive
play in the belt or it appears to be split or
broken, replace it.
If the power to the machine breaks and it
wont start, check the circuit. Has the
vacuum cleaner tripped a circuit breaker or
blown a fuse? Check the circuit breakers
(or fuses), and, if it has, simply re-set the
breaker (or replace the fuse) and switch
the machine on again.

FLAT IRON
INFORMATION

also called a flatiron or simply an iron, is a small appliance: a handheld piece of

equipment with a flat, roughly triangular surface that, when heated, is used to press
clothes to remove creases. It is named for the metal of which the device is commonly
made, and the use of it is generally called ironing.

HOW IT WORKS ?
Whether its a basic no-frills iron, a cordless model, a compact travel iron, or an
electronic iron loaded with features, all steam irons work in the same way. They press
out wrinkles in fabric using moisture, pressure, and heat. When the steam valve is
closed, the iron operates dry. When the steam valve is open, water drips into a heated
steam chamber, where it exits as steam through vents in the soleplate. The irons
working surface, the soleplate, may be plain metal or coated with an easy-to-clean
nonstick material.

COMMON TROUBLES:

If the iron doesnt heat, make sure power is on to the outlet, check the electrical
cord, and check the thermostat (see the Appliance Controls Fix-It Guide) and replace if
necessary.

If the iron heats but steams improperly, inspect the soleplate and clean the vents
(see below) and flush sediment out of the steam chamber (see below).

If the iron produces too much or too little heat, test the electrical cord. Also test
and, if needed, adjust calibration of the thermostat (see the Appliance Controls Fix-It
Guide).

If the iron does not spray properly, inspect and clean the nozzle (see below).

If the iron leaks or spits, clean the steam vents, nozzle, and tank.

If the iron sticks to fabric, clean or repair the soleplate. If the iron stains fabric,
clean the soleplate, clean the tank with a commercial cleaner, and use distilled or
filtered water.

REMEDY:
1.

Unplug the iron and make sure it is cool before cleaning.

2.

Use a toothpick or pipe cleaner to remove buildup in the steam vents, making
sure the debris doesnt fall into the vents.

3.

Use a fine sewing needle to carefully clean the spray nozzle of mineral deposits.

4.

To flush sediment from a steam iron, pour 1/2 cup water and 1/2 cup vinegar into
the water tank. Place the iron on a rack over a broiling pan and set the iron to steam
until the tank runs dry. Repeat if necessary. Or follow the instructions for using a
commercial iron cleaner.

ASSIGNMEN
T
IN
COT 8

NAME: Jan Christian D. Ellazo

SECTION: AT4EA
PROF: SIR.FLORESCA