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VLSI-Assisted Nonrigid Registration Using Modified

Demons Algorithm
ABSTRACT:
Increasing demand of high-speed portable modules for multimedia applications has
motivated the development of hardware-based solutions for image processing
applications. Most of the non rigid image registration algorithms are found to be
unsuitable for hardware implementation because of their nonlinearity and
computationally intensive nature. In this paper, an algorithm for non rigid image
registration based on Demons approximation is proposed. The algorithm has been
simulated in MATLAB and results show a 15% improvement in peak signal- tonoise-ratio with a 17% reduction in registration time for 256 256 image over the
original Demons algorithm. The proposed algorithm is synthesized in Virtex6xc6vlx760-2-ff1760 and maximum synthesized frequency is found to be 174 MHz.
The proposed architecture provides the low cost, high-speed solution for the
registration process, which is also helpful for making a portable system.

EXISTING SYSTEM:

Image registration involves minimum two images; one image is known as

reference image and the other one is the target (or moving) image. Reference and
target images are related through some transforms. These transforms are known as
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non rigid transform (also known as elastic or deformable transform), if they are
capable of modeling nonlinearity and local geometric distortion caused by the
imaging system [1], [2], [5]. Nonrigid transformations include radial basis
functions, physical models, and large deformation models. The choice of
deformation model is of great importance because it involves compromises
between computational efficiency and richness of description. Nonrigid
transformations are highly nonlinear and computationally expensive [2], [5].
Memory intensive characteristics of nonrigid algorithms further limit the
realization of hardware based portable systems. A general framework for image
registration is shown in Fig. 1.

PROPOSED SYSTEM:

In this paper, diffusion model has been chosen for nonrigid image registration due
to its computational efficiency and capability of solving the complex partial
differential equations. Most of the work on diffusion model is inspired by the work
of Thirion [6] and classified as Demons approaches. Demons based approaches for
nonrigid registration utilize the concept of optical flow and thermal diffusion,
which directly explores the image raw intensities and can accelerate the
registration process [3], [7]. Researchers developed new variants of the Demons
algorithm and successfully applied to fluid and curvature [8]. New variants such as
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log- and ilog-Demons use logarithmic and exponential methods of optical flow
calculation.

Logarithmic

and

exponential

functions

are

nonlinear

and

computationally intensive, which result in the reduction of computational

efficiency and increased hardware complexity. The authors of this paper have
extended the method of Wang et al. [9] and proposed efficient Demons-based
approach as well as its hardware architecture, which utilizes parallel processing
and pipelined streaming models to accelerate the computation process.

SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION:
Matlab

HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION:
SPARTAN-III, SPARTAN-VI

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