From the FLM given, there are FMD causing virus, Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), poliovirus and

adenovirus.
Foot Mouth Disease (FMD) is a severe and highly contagious disease. It caused by an
aphthovirus of the family Picornaviridae. Based on Figure y below, infected cell culture of the
FMD virus shows destruction occur.

Figure y: After infection of FMD virus, BTY cells shrinks and become dense
In addition, there is Herpes Simplex Virus. This type of virus is categorized into two
types which are Herpes Type 1 (HSV-1) and Herpes Type 2 (HSV-2). HSV infects humans in
which HSV-1 can cause blisters around mouth while HSV-2 can cause genital herpes. Based on
Figure z below, infection of HSV-1 can cause the VERO cells shrink.

Clusters of
rounded cells

Figure z : Cytopathic effect of HSV-1 infection in Figure z(b) show a total destruction of VERO
cells

Besides that, there is poliovirus. Poliovirus cause poliomyelitis. The Poliovirus is a part
of the genus Enterovirus and a member of the family Picornaviridae. It is classified as a small,
icosahedral shaped, nonenveloped, and a positive sensed RNA virus. Based on figure A below,

infected cell culture caused by this type of virus gradually round up and detach from cell culture
plate.
Figure a : Poliovirus CPE on HELA cells
Lastly from the FLM given, there is adenovirus. Adenovirus is a family of Adenoviridae,
a non-enveloped virus with an icosahedral nucleocapsid which contains a double stranded DNA
genome. Infected cell culture show cytopathic effect as the cells appears rounded and form
grapelike clusters.

Figure b: Adenovirus infection can cause destruction of cells in the tissue sample