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INSIGHTSSimplifyingUPSCIASExamPreparation
insightsonindia.com
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AtulVikasKulkarniRank180:StartedCSEPreparationatthe
Ageof28andCleareditinSecondAttempt
ByINSIGHTS

StartedattheAgeof28andClearedinSecondAttempt
AtulVikasKulkarni
Rank180,CSE2014
Mybackground
Ihailfromsmalltown,Gokak,Belgaum,Karnataka.Thenattheageof8,duetovariouscompulsionsand
acutedifficultiesinlifewehadtomovetoBangalore.IjoinedSudarshanVidyaMandirschoolinBangalore.
InitiallyIfounditdifficulttoadapttoEnglishmediumschool,buthereiswheremyteachersandPrincipallaid
thefoundationofmyschoollifeeventhoughIfacedseveraldifficultiesinmychildhooddays.
Later,IdidmyengineeringfromTheNationalInstituteofEngineering,MysoreinComputerScience,2003
07.Ithenjoinedsoftwarecompany,MindtreeLtd,Bangalore.Afteroneyearofmywork,Ifoundthe
corporateworldveryboringandmundane.Butthen,inMindtreeIgotopportunitytohavementorshipofMr
PrashanthKamath,adifferentlyabledpersonwithcerebralpalsy.Interactionwithhimshowedmehowwith
suchdisabilitieshecoulddowonderssinceseveralofhissoftwareapplicationshavegotpatentsand
awards.IwasalsopartofMindtreeGreencommunitywhereIgotexposedtoseveralEnvironmentalNGOs
inBangaloreandIstartedtovolunteerovertheweekends.Also,agreattragedyhappenedthatIhadanear
deathexperience,whichshookmysubconsciousness.Thisalsotriggeredthethoughtofbeingacivil
servanttoservethedisadvantagedsectionsofsocietyandnationatlarge.Iwasinthedilemmaasto
whetherjumpdirectlyintopreparationorjoinanyprofessionalcollegewhichwouldgivetoaproper
foundationforcivilservices.
Then,IgotopportunitytojoinTataInstituteofSocialSciences(TISS),MumbaitothecourseonUrbanPolicy
andGovernance.WithmypoorfinancialbackgroundandfamilycircumstancesIdecidedtojoinTISSand
postponebyfulltimepreparationsforcivilservices.ItwasawonderfuljourneyinTISS.Ononehand,we
hadscholarsteachingus,ontheotherhand,Iwasexposedtogroundrealitiesaswehadfieldvisitsto
slums,homeless,waterissues,sanitation,povertythatopenedupmyeyesandshookmyconsciousness.I,
witnessedthatpoormigratefromothergeographicalareastothecityinsearchoflivelihoodformeager
incometopenury.Withoutanysupportstructuretofallbackupon,theseunskilledpeoplebeginlivingon
openpavements,underoverbridges,roaddividers,smallunhygienicmakeshifthutmentsandsoon.
Homelesspeople,visibleatnightandmissingduringtheday,theysleeponpublicland.Ilistenedtostories
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ofslumdwellers,harassmentofwomenandchildrenonpavementsandmanymore.Allthismotivatedmeto
becomecivilservant.
ExperiencesWhichMotivatedMeFurther:
IalsohadseveralopportunitiesinTISSandalsowonmanynationalawards,suchas,IrepresentedIndiain
the1stSAYC,2011SouthAsiaYouthConference(SAARC)heldinIIM,Bangalorein2011.IwasFinalistin
InternationalBusinessSummit,IIMCalcutta,AntyodayaforaconceptofEnvironmentMuseumon
Sustainabledevelopment,selectedforTataJagritiYatra,2010isanambitioustrainjourneyofdiscoveryand
transformationthattook400ofIndiashighlymotivatedyouthonan18daynationalodyssey,National
winnerofMahindrasSparkTheRisecompetitionforprojectSmartSanitationandSolidWaste
Management:AHolisticApproach,WaterAmbassadorbyWorldBankinWaterHackatonevent,winnerin
VodafoneMobilesforGoodprogramme2012,projecttitledLocatingandRatingofPublicRestroomsin
IndianCitiesandmanymore.
IdidmythesisonlakesinBangaloreTitle:Land,WaterandLocalPeople:ACaseStudyofBangalore
MysoreInfrastructureCorridorwhichinvolvedfieldvisitsto10villagesaroundBengaluru,mappingofthe
lakesinBMICregion,studyoftraditionalwatermanagement,WaterrightsoflakeusersetcwhichwonBest
dissertationawardinTISS,MumbaiandwaspublishedasabookinLAPLAMBERTAcademicPublishing.
ThisthesiswonBestDissertationawardinTISS,2012.
I,thenhadopportunitytoworkinCRISILLimited,MumbaiasconsultantatNashikMunicipalCorporation
onJNNURMproject.MyjobwastoworkwithMunicipalAdministrationheadedbyCommissioner,Asenior
IAS,toprovidesupportandcoordinationwithdepartmentsforimplementationofreformssuchas
Administrative,EGovernance,AccountingandotherreformsunderJNNURM,attendvariousmeetingsat
State/CentralGovernmentleveletc.ThisgaveafirsthandexperienceonworkingonGovernment.
NGOWork
Later,IjoinedArghyam,anNGObasedinBengaluruworkingonwaterandsanitationissuesacrossIndia.I
wasworkingonprojectssuchasManagementofWaterQualitythroughprocessreengineering,diagnostic
tooldevelopedbytheWaterIntegrityNetwork(WIN)toAssessIntegrityandGovernanceofWASH
interventionsinSchools,Wastewaterreusenetworketc.Ihadtheopportunitytovisitmorethan10states
acrossIndia.Atcertainjunction,IrealisedthatbeingoutsideGovernmentIwasnotabletogivesolutionsat
largerscale.WhenImetaDistrictCollectorandpresentedourideas,hewillinglyacceptedtheideaand
agreedtoscaleitacrosstheDistrictandstatelevelwhichcouldimprovewatersituationformorethanmillion
lives.ThisfiredtheimaginationofIbecomingaDistrictCollectorandIdiscussedwithmybossandhe
encouragedmetoquitanddoparttimejobalongwithpreparation.
Withjust1monthleftforprelims2013,butmissedprelimscutoffby0.66marks.Itwasdisheartening.With
2014beingmylastattempt(asIwouldcrossageof30yearsby2014,untilrecentlyitwasincreasedby2
moreyears)Itookaharddecisiontogiveitas1standlastattemptandinvestmytime,energy,money,effort
inmypreparationalongwithindependentconsultingjob.Howmanyofyouwouldquitagoodjobatageof
28?Igavefirstandlastbestattempt.IfyouranswerisNo,pleasemoveoutofyourcomfortzonesandbe
fullymotivatedforcivilservices.IfIcoulddoit,theneveryoneelseatyoungeragecandefinitelydoit.
ExaminationFrameworkandStudyStrategy
ItismypleasuretosharewhateverlittleIhaveandopinethatthepurposeisservedifithelpsthe
aspirantstowhateverextentpossible.Beforestartingthepreparation,itisveryimportanttohaveacomplete
understandingabouttheexamprocess,itsstructureandthevariousaspectsrelatedtothepreparation.
Prelimsstage:
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Thefollowingpointsshouldbekeptinmindwhiledoingpreparation:
Thefocusshouldbeongainingbasicclarityineachtopic,whichwillcomeonlythroughlotof
logicalquestioning.Thisismostimportantforclearingtheprelimsstage.
Foranytopic,trytodoahorizontalandverticalreadingofalltherelatedtopicswhichwilldefinitely
helptocoveranytopicholistically.
Athoroughanalysisofthepreviousyearsquestionpapersandtherecenttrendssothatoneisin
tunewithUPSCrecenttrends.
Discussingelaboratelywithteachers,successfulcandidatesandseniorssothatoneisontrack
duringpreparations.
GeneralStudies
Newspapers,Magazines,Journals,Internet(MostImportant),andbooksofgeneralreading.NCERTschool
booksofhistory,geography,polity,economics,sociologyandallhumanitiesandarts(excludinglanguages,
mathematicsandscience)fromclass7thto12th.ScienceNCERTschoolbooksofonlyclass9thand10th.
HistoryNCERTtextbooks,historyofmodernIndiaBipinChandraandSpectrumpublicationsandany
otherbooksonIndianhistoryofgeneralinterest.
GeographyNCERTtextbooksofclass11thand12th,physicalgeographybyGoChengLeongandan
ATLAS.Referringmapsisveryimportant.
PolityIndianConstitutionbyLaxmikanthorD.D.Basu,NCERTschooltexts.
ScienceandTechnologyTheHinduS&Tpage(weekly),ScienceReporterbyC.S.I.R.,What,How&Why
byC.S.I.R.,Internet,NCERT8thto12thsciencetextbooks.
EconomicsNCERT10th,11th&12thtexts,EconomicSurvey,IndianBudget,SriramClassnotes,
Mrunal.org,PratiyogitaDarpanspecialeditiononIndianeconomyandanybusinessdaily.
GeneralKnowledgeIndiayearbook,Manoramayearbook(Nottoconcentrateonunnecessarydetails)
CurrentAffairsTheHindu,Abusinessdaily,InsightsonIndia,Mrunal.org,Gktodaywebsite,Frontline,
Yojana,Anycompetitivemagazine,WebsitesIndia.gov.in,Indiadevelopmentgateway,Pib.nic.in,UNO
website,Ministrywebsites,RBI,SEBI,etcwebsites,IndianEmbassywebsitesandwhateverothersitesyou
cansourceauthenticandconciseinformationfrom.
MakeuseofGoogleDocuments,GoogleReader,Newsandsuchotherinternettoolstopreparenotes
onlineandforgreater,betterandeasyaccessibility.Makingnotesonlinehelpsincuttingdowntimeandmust
bedoneonaregularbasiswithoutfail.
MainsStage:
Duringpreparation,oneneedstofocusonwritingagoodanswer?Sowhatisagoodanswer,isamillion
dollarquestion?Mainsexamquestionsrevealmanythingsaboutwordlimit,keywordslikeanalyse,critically
commentetc,analyticaldemandofquestionetc.
HereiswhereInsightsonIndia,madeagamechangerformypreparation.Iwroteanswersondailybasis
fromInsightsSecureDailyAnswerwritingChallengewherequestionsfromimportantarticlesfromThe
hindu,BusinessStandardandotherimportantpapersareposted.Thishelpedtomouldandchiselmy
answerstosuitthedemandsofmainsexam.
Istronglyrecommendthefutureaspirantstotakeanswerwritingondailybasisveryseriouslyandpracticeto
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improvetheirwritingskills,structure,speedandtimemanagementsothatonecangetmaximummarksin
GSpapers.
Fewmorepointsonmainspreparationare
Moretimeshouldbespentonthinkingaboutthetopicandmakinginnovations,ratherthanonreading
toomanystudymaterialsavailableinmarket.
Thepreviouspapersshouldbethoroughlyanalyzedtounderstandthetrendsandtheexpectations
oftheexaminer.
Thepreparationshouldbefocusedandallthehardworkshouldbechannelizedintherightdirection.
CommonmistakestobeavoidedwhilewritinginGSmainspapers
First,trytoaddressthequestionintheintroductionratherthangivingirrelevantanswers
Second,Abalancedapproachinanswersareusuallymissing,eitheritwillbeverycriticalortotallyout
ofcontext.
Third,mostofthetimes,aspirantswasunabletofullyunderstandtherequirementifthequestion
Fourth,mostofthetimes,onlyfewofrequiredaspects/dimensionswerecoveredinanswers
Fifth,writeinpointssothatyoucanmoremarksratherthanwritingsamepointinbigparagraph.
FewtipsforbetterGSMainsanswers
Thecompetitionishighlyrelative,ouranswersinthemainsexaminationshouldnotonlybecorrectbutalso
differentwithatouchofcreativityandrelevanttothequestionthatisasked.Basicswithclaritywillcome
whenthereislotofquestioningwhilestudying.Thetopichastobestudiedinalogicalmanner.
Thecreativityandinnovationisnotsomethingthatyouwillgetinthetextbooks.Theyhavetobedeveloped
onyourown.Itrequireslotofthinkingandobservation.Byinnovationinanswerswhatismeantis
Catchyintroductionwhichaddressesthequestionheadon
Diagramssothatonecanbreakamonotonousanswers
Graphstobetterrepresentdata.
Flowcharts
MapsdrawIndiaorworldmapsingeography/historypapers
Contemporarytouchandapplicabilityusecurrentaffairstostrengthenyourargument
Catchyconclusiongivingsolutions
CompletingtheGSpapers
ItoowrotealmostallmyanswersinpointsbutstillIgaveaproperintroduction,properheadingsandsub
headingsandthenaconclusion.
Ihavefolloweda789strategyforeachpaperofGeneralstudies.
3hourspaper

finish__questions

1sthour

78

2ndhour

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3rdhour

Total

25Qx10m=250m

Aswritingspeedinslowinitially,onecancomplete78questionsin1sthourandcompensatethatinlast
hour.Thusonecanfinishthepaper.
Essaywriting
WhatdoesUPSCexpectsinyourfromtheessay?Whyaretheyaskingutowriteessay,whiletheyalready
haveGSpapersandsubjectstoknowhowknowledgeableyouareandhowwellyouknowtocommunicate?
Theansweristhat,UPSCwantstoknowyourgeneraltraits.Whenyouareaskedtowrite10sentences
aboutatopic,howuwritediscloseslotsofthingsaboutyou!So,UPSCwanttoknowwhoyouare,than
knowinghowmuchyouknow!Yourtraitslike,positiveattitude,imagination,innovation,etccomeoutonthe
essay!Themajordifferencebetweenessayandotherspapersis:Whiletheotherpapersarebasedon
knowledgeandlogic,essayisbasedonimagination!Thatswhyessayquestionneverseekfactualanswers.
Oncethequestionpaperisreceived,chooseeither1or2topicswhichyoufeelyouhavemorepoints.On
thelastpageoftheanswerbookletmakenoteoftopicsandpointsunderfollowingheadings
1. Introtrytowriteaquote,story,poemetcsothatitcatchestheeyeofexaminer
2. Differentissuesunderthistopicsuchashistory,presentstatusandstatistics,impactsocial,
economical,biological,ethnological,political,psychological,cultural,religious,historical,
geographical,etc
3. Prosncons
4. Relatethetopictopresentdaysocialconditionsprevailing.
5. Closingremarksnconclusion
Thisshouldtakeabout30minutesforbothtopics.
Then,
1. Choosetopicwheremorepointsnbettergripofsubjectisheld.
2. Starttheessaywithgoodbeginningquote/anecdote/song/statistics/somewittyphrasemadeup
3.Anecdotesinasmanypartsaspossible.
4.Subheadscanbegiven.
5.Languageandgrammarareimportant.
6.Pointsmusthaveaflow.Theymustnotappeardisconnected.
7. Underlinesomekeywords/stats/quotes/namesofppl,etcandemphasizeonneatnessofhandwriting
andnoscratchinginthemainbooklet.
SociologyoptionalPapers
Approachtosociologyoptionalpapersisquitedifferent.AsIhadbackgroundfromsocialsciencesinTISS,I
alsofacedlotofproblemsfrommovingfromengineeringbackgroundtosocialsciences.Trytostudythe
thinkerspartinbothpapersveryperfectlyandgetaclarityonallthesociologicalconcepts.

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Whilewritingsociologyanswers,trytokeepinmind3things,Thinkersandtheirideas,coherent
arrangementandexpression,andusingcontemporarytopicsinanswers.Thinkersshouldbeusedinall
answers.Arrangementofanswersmeansthecontentswithadefinitestructuretobeframed.
Thestructuremustbeexposedindirectlythroughtheflowofwritingwithinterlinkingofsubtopicsand
paragraphsexplainingthescopemeaning,descriptionanddiscussion.
Oneneedstogivethepowerfulandlogicalconclusionwhichistheconsequenceofeverythingdiscussed
earlier.Itmustbebalancedandfreefromprejudice.
MyInterviewExperience
IndianForestServiceInterview,2014
Board:AlkaSihorimadam
Score:210/300
Chairman
1. SomequestioninHindionwaterscheme(whichIcouldntgrasp)?
2. Yourhobbyislakecleaning?
3. Howdocleanlakes?
4. Whatwasyourroleincleaninglakes?
5. InBangalore,thereareUlsoorlake,Yediyurlake,whyaretheypolluted?Canyoucleanthem?
6. WhatisEutrophication,allotrofication?
7. Canyoueutrophiclakeisconvertedtooligotrophiclake?
8. Whatisthedifferencebetweenlakeandwetland?
Member2
9. Whatisthechemistryofeutrophication?Canyoutellthechemicalreactions?
10. Whatiswaterhyacinth?Wherediditcomefrom?Howcanyoueliminateit?
11. Howinforestarea,alakecanbecleaned?
12. TellhowmanynationalparksarethereinIndia?
13. Nameany10nationalparksinIndia?
14. Nameanationalparkwherelakeisthere?
15. NamethehighestaltitudelakeinIndia?
Member3
16. Areyouawateractivist?
17. NamefewwateractivistsinIndia?Ans:MrRajendraSingh
18. Whatawarddidhewin?
19. Wheredoeshework?Whatarehisachievements?
20. Tellmemoreaboutlakeecosystemandwaterhyacinth?
21. Canitbeeliminated
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22. Yourotherhobbyishandmadecrafts?Doustillpracticeit?Whatudo?
23. Howcanyoupromotehandmadecraftsinindia?
24. WhatareoldagehomesincreasinginIndia?
Member4
25. Icanunderstandthesetechnicalanswersofyours,canyouexplainlakeecosysteminlayman
terms?(Iexplained,butagainheaskedsamequestion,ChairmanintervenedasaskedMember4to
movetonextquestion)
26. NamethewildlifespeciesinsouthIndianforests?
27. Haveyouseenwilddog?
28. CanyoumentionfewcriticallyendangeredspeciesinSouthIndia?
29. Whereelsehaveyouworked?Canyoutellaboutyourpreviousjob?
ChairmanintervenedandaskedaboutmyworkinArghyam,anNGOandaboutprojectsinChhattisgarh
tribalareas)
BacktoChairman
30. YouhavedoneComputerScienceengineeringlongtime.Ishallaskfewquestionsonit
31. WhatisTCP/IP?
32. DifferencebetweenTCPandOSIlayer?
33. NamesevenlayersofOSImodel
34. Whatisembeddedsystem?
35. Canuexplainmethemechanismofelevator?
Myinterviewlastedfor30to35minutes.TheboardwaschairedbyaAlkaShirohimadam.Iwasasked
aboutmyhobbywhicharelakecleaning,handmadepapercraftsandvisitingoldagehomes.Chairman
deliberatelyaskedmeonlakesandwaterissueswhichwasmystrongarea.Certainquestionsweretricky,
however,Imanagedtokeepmycoolandnotgiveirrelevantanswers.ThetrickIthinkisnottogetcaught
andbeprovenselfcontradictory,buttomaintainthesametenorandvigorthroughout,withoutany
diffidence.Overallgotagoodscore.
BUTIDIDNTCLEARIfoSexamandImissedby10marks.IwasverydisappointedandhopeIcouldclear
CSEexam.
CSEInterview,2014
Board:HCGupta+fourmembers(allgents)
Date:19May2015,4.30PM
Duration:30minutes
Optional:Sociology
Score:175
Chairman:ReadoutmyeducationalandemploymentdetailsfromDAF
1. WhichNGOdidyouwork?
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2. Whatsectorsdoesitwork?(drinkingwaterandsanitation)
3. Whichprojectsonsanitationdidyouwork.Pleaseexplain
4. WhoisthefounderofSulabhInternational?
5. WhatisSulabhmodeloftoilets
6. Isthereanyotheralternativesanitationmodels?
7. TellmeabouttherecentKarnatakaHighCourtverdict?(Jayalalithacase)Whatisherfullname?
8. WhydidTamilNaduHCtransferthecasetoKarnataka?
M1:
1. WhyisLokpalneeded?
2. WhatisLokayukta?WhoiscurrentLokayuktainKarnataka?
3. HowdoyoucurbcorruptioninIndia?
4. Amongalltherightsbasedapproachwhichschemeyouthinkisbest?(MNREGA)
5. IsMNREGAsuccessful?Tellitloopholes?
6. Howdoyoucreatebettercommunityassets?
M2:
1. Whatisintellectualproperty?
2. WhatisGeographicalIndications?
3. WhyisIndianGIslesssuccessfulthanEUGIlikewineetc
4. TellmeaboutUSAGI.Howaretheyperforming?
5. WhynegativebalanceoftradeisbadforIndia?Wecanverywellimportgoods?
6. Whyourexportsnotcompetitive?(Longquestion,hegaveexampleofautomobileindustrybeing
competitive)
7. Case:YourareDistrictCollector,thereisacalamity(floods)allcropsaredestroyedandthereareno
officialrecordsaboutcroppingpatterinouroffice?Youhavetostartfromscratch.Whatarethesteps
youwilltake?(longquestion)
8. Howwillyoufinancethecroplosses?TellaboutNationalCalamityfund?Nationalcontingencyfund?
Differences?Whogivesfunds?
M3:
1. WhyUrbanlocalbodiesnotabletoselffinanceurbanprojects?
2. WhatarethesourcesoffundsforULBs?
3. WhatispercentageofpropertytaxcollectioninULBs?
4. Howcanyouovercometheshortfallsintaxcollection?
5. WhatisSolidwastetaxandwatercess?
M4:
1. WhyareoldagehomesgrowinginIndia(Myhobbyisvisitingoldagehomes)
2. Whatwillyoudoifchildrenabandontheirparentsandsendtooldagehomes?Whatistheageof
yourparents?
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3. Whatarethelawsrelatedtoit?
4. Whichwarmovieshaveyouseen?Didyouwatchany16th17thwarmovies(ThisisNOTmyhobby)
Chairman:Yourinterviewisover.
Itwaskindofastressinterview.Chairmanafteraskingquestionswenttotoiletanditwasaverystrange
feeling.Somemembersweresleepingandnotlookingatmeatall.Somememberswouldobjectto
whateverIsayanddenyit.ButIhadtosubstantiatemystance.Theywouldcutmeshortinbetweenand
jumptoanotherquestionwithoutlisteningtowhatIamsaying.Tomydisadvantagenotmuchwasasked
frommyDAFandmyworkexperience.
TogotoDelhiortakecoachingclasses?
Itookaharddecisiontostartpreparingforcivilservicesatverylateageof28years.Ihadtoinvestmytime,
energy,money,effortinmypreparationalongwithindependentconsultingjobasIstillfacefinancial
difficulties(IamstillworkingevenaftergettingRank180.Ilaughatmyfate).Manywhoarefrompoorrural
backgroundneednotventureouttoNewDelhiorattendanycoachinginstitutions.Onecanstudyontheir
ownandIfIcoulddoit,theneveryoneelseatyoungerageandwhoarebetterofffinanciallycanalso
definitelydoit.
MyBloghttps://atulkulkarni123.wordpress.com/
Copyright(C)INSIGHTSACTIVELEARNING

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