SEPTEMBER 2005 VOLUME 1 ISSUES 11

A NEWSLETTER FOR WATER FOR ASIAN CITIES PROGRAMME IN MADHYA PRADESH (INDIA)

UN-HABITAT’s Water Demand Management Strategy for Indore

The UN-HABITAT has embarked on the development of a Water unlikely to be completed within less than 20 years. The actual
Demand Management strategy for the city of Indore that will progress will depend upon the commitment of the governing institu-
hopefully provide useful support and direction to several other tions as well as the availability of the funds required to complete the
initiatives being supported and facilitated by other organizations work. • The Central Govt.
including the Asian Development Bank. The proposed strategy Various aspects covered in the WDM strategy low:
will require the support and “buy-in” of both the water utility as (a) Sectorising the city into District Metered Areas (DMA);
of India has allo-
well as the organizations involved in the upgrading of the Indore (b) Installation of (i) Bulk Meters also called Management Me- cated Rs. 22 bil-
water supply. The WDM strategy has been restricted to key focus ters; (ii) Bulk Revenue Meters; and (iii) Domestic Consumer lion to supply fil-
areas, which are essential to the efficient management of any Meters;
water supply system. (c) Regular monitoring of UAW; tered water to
The strategy has suggested specific actions, wherever possible, (d) Water Audit; seven arsenic af-
which will help to improve the situation and need to be imple- (e) Pressure Management;
mented at some stage if any meaningful progress is to be (f) Replacement of mains. fected areas in
achieved. The experts also feel that without major augmentation Other recommendations relate to active and passive leakage Nadia, Murshida-
and very significant investment in the water supply infrastructure, control, planned maintenance, education and public involvement,
the possibility of providing a 24-hour supply throughout the City of addressing the issue of illegal connections, creating GIS database bad, Malda and
Indore is unlikely to be achieved in the near future. and capacity building at all levels. In the short-term actions as North 24-Parganas
The WDM Strategy suggested for the City of Indore is considered recommended by the WDM strategy for Indore include sectorising
to be both practical and methodical, concentrating on key essen- the city into three large DMAs, installations of 7 bulk meters on
of West Bengal.
tial issues rather than the “nice-to-have’s” which are often in- inlets and outlets, replacement of revenue meters for the top 10
cluded for areas with continuous supply. Considering the fact that consumers, implementing domestic metering pilot projects which • WaterAid, an NGO
the water supply to Indore is unlikely to be augmented before may enable the water utility to evaluate the value of domestic has been granted
2010, it is not practical to suggest certain measures until such metering at a small scale before committing to full scale domestic
time as the new supply is available. For this reason, the proposed metering. The Infrastructure Leakage Index based on the currently Special Consulta-
WDM strategy has been split into short-term actions and longer- available data is one of the highest in the world. Training of person- tive Status with the
term actions. The short-term actions need to be considered as a nel in the art of leak detection and repair and establishment of a
matter of urgency to be implemented as soon as possible and leakage control team in the water utility. The visible leaks on the
Economic and So-
certainly within the next 5 years while the long-term actions are of Narmada pipeline should be repaired as per guidelines provided in cial Council of
a lower priority (although still important) and should be imple- the audit. WDM strategy also recommends replacement of all United Nations
mented over a 10 to 20 year time frame. Addressing the problems butterfly valves and repairing of all leaks in municipal buildings,
in the Indore water supply system will take many years and is schools, police stations etc. (UN-ECOSOC).
• India has shelved
Repairing Leaking Pipelines from Narmada River to Indore its plan of linking
There are a large number of the expansion joints that are leaking 2. Repair with a Custom Made Shell two major rivers
on the main pipeline from the Narmada River to Indore and signifi-
While the drilling and injection option is considered to be the most
Ganges and
cant quantities of water are being lost which could otherwise be
used to provide a better supply to Indore. It is realized that this appropriate approach to repairing the Narmada Pipeline, an Brahmaputra.
pipeline is a critical element in the water supply to Indore and alternative approach involves the use of a watertight sleeve which
cannot be taken out of service while repairs are made. is placed over the whole expansion joint. The leaking joint is
basically encapsulated with a custom-made steel shell that is
According to WRP of South Africa the type of expansion joint sealed on to the pipeline with a compression type joint. Inside this issue:
used on the Narmada pipeline can sometimes be serviced by
tightening the flange bolts which in turn will compress the packing Although this method may work to repair the leaks on the Nar-
into the joint and this may reduce any leakage. This of course is mada Pipeline it will require skilled boilermakers to make the shell Blue Drop Series on 2
and compression type joints.
the cheapest and quickest option to repair the leaking joints. Rainwater Harvesting and
Other Options according to WRP Include: Utilisation
1. Repair by Injecting Epoxy Sealant
Social Marketing of 3
This repair method offers the most appropriate Sanitation
solution. It involves injecting an epoxy sealant into
the fortex packing around the leak while the sys- Rapid Gender Assess- 3
tem remains pressurized. According to WRP of
South Africa this method is ideally suited to repair ment in the cities of M.P.
the leaks on the Narmada pipeline. Care, however,
needs to be taken to ensure that the drilling and WATSAN Sector: An 4
injection is undertaken at the correct position on Update
the joint to avoid aggravating the problem. Visible leaks on 1200 mm Trunk Main from Narmada
WATER FOR ASIAN CITIES PROGRAMME IN INDIA

UN-HABITAT’s Blue Drop Series on

Rainwater Harvesting and Utilization
In its pursuit to achieve the Millennium Development Goals relating to
water and sanitation, UN-HABITAT has been making an endeavour to
strengthen the efforts of the cities and the communities by sharing knowl-
edge and experiences, best practices and to help them use proven tech-
nologies for sustainable development. Rainwater harvesting is a technol-
ogy which has been practiced for more than four thousand years. Keep-
ing in view the importance and urgent attention the subject of rainwater
harvesting deserves in the current context of target 10 & 11 of MDG 7,
UN-HABITAT decided to undertake the task of preparing a generic guide-
book on Rainwater Harvesting with a focus on rainwater harvesting and
utilization in the most affected regions of world. This guidebook which
may help undertaking rainwater harvesting programmes by communities,
organizations and cities in the crisis regions of Asia, Africa, Latin America
and the Caribbean is called “Blue Drop Series on Rainwater Harvesting
and Utilisation”.
Rainwater harvesting has several policy dimensions. There are several
conceptual and policy issues for community based rainwater harvesting.
In order to encourage rainwater harvesting by city dwellers, there is a
need for an appropriate fiscal and legal framework. Of the three books in
the Blue Drop Series, Book 1 has been mainly prepared for Policy Mak-
ers. Besides giving an overview of the concept of rainwater harvesting it
has a focus on the legal and administrative framework for rainwater har-
vesting. There are many countries which have taken a variety of meas-
ures to promote water harvesting by urban households. Governments
have used fiscal incentives to force households for water harvesting
either by reducing urban flooding or for overloading of sewerage treat-
ment plants. Subsidies have also been provided to promote urban water
harvesting by the urban poor Book 1 presents several case studies and
shares this knowledge and experience of many cities to be emulated by
others.
The main objective of Book 2 is to directly build the capacity of the bene-
ficiaries. It fully explains the concept and technology of rainwater harvest-
ing and water harvesting systems. In addition, the techniques for artificial
aquifer recharging relevant for differ-
ent topographies are explained.
Book 3 has been specially prepared
for project managers and imple-
menting agencies. It not only dwells
on harvesting rainwater for direct
use but also for rainwater harvesting
for artificial recharge to ground
water and planning and monitoring
of artificial projects.
UN-HABITAT would like to promote
rainwater harvesting projects not
only by the individual households
but also by the industries, institu-
tions like schools and encourage the
communities to maintain and sustain
underground water tables through
artificial recharge. It is hoped that
the knowledge contained in these
guidebooks shall facilitate an exten-
sive use of these techniques for
harvesting rainwater and meet the
challenge of achieving the Millen- This poster on Urban Rainwater Harvesting prepared by RELMA in ICRAF was
nium Development Goals for water awarded the 2005 Stockholm Water Symposium Poster Prize. For more infor-
and sanitation. mation on the Poster and the Award Ceremony please visit the URL: http://
www.searnet.org/home.asp

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 SEPTEMBER 2005 VOLUME 1 ISSUES 11

Social Marketing of Sanitation

Social marketing is a useful way of convincing people to adopt practices and examples both
and change behaviour that will improve their lives, both health wise and successful and
economically. Social marketing approach has been successfully used in otherwise for pro-
many sectors. Social marketing campaigns have been quite effective in moting sanitation. It
promoting breast feeding, immunization and in programmes relating to also discusses
Malaria and child survival. possible strategies
and approaches
Social marketing of sanitation aims at shift in thinking of not talking and draws up a
about poor beneficiaries but talking about a process whose wants and road map detailing
needs are being addressed. Social marketing campaign for sanitation is the ways and
different from such a campaign in many other sectors because social means and a di-
marketing is demand driven where you have customers and not benefi- rected approach for
ciaries and also where investing in sanitation may not be a priority for sanitation promo-
the community. In order, therefore, to promote sanitation business, tion. This publica-
social marketing campaigns highlights several prime factors such as tion will be useful to
prestige, convenience especially children’s convenience for the individu- the professionals
als and the households. and the persons
In order to promote sanitation and influence social change for better engaged in the
quality of life. In pursuance of MDG 7, UN-HABITAT in cooperation with promotion of sanita-
Sulabh International Academy of Environmental Sanitation, New Delhi tion in improving the
(India) has prepared a publication on Social Marketing of Sanitation. quality of life
This publication which seeks to serve as the link between the UN- through sanitary
HABITAT and the other agencies engaged in promoting socially and services in the 3rd
environmentally sustainable towns and cities, contains information, World societies.
ideas, impact reports and technologies which may prove to be reference
points for others. Water and sanitation management is essential for both
the health and wealth of the urban poor. This can only be achieved by Integrated Urban Environmental Sanitation
constantly learning what the urban poor want and need rather than
trying to persuade them to buy what we happen to be producing. This approach in Madhya Pradesh by UN-HABITAT
publication on social marketing of sanitation seeks to influence social A community-based project on Urban Environmental Sanitation in twenty
changes to benefit the poor and the general society. slums in four cities of Madhya Pradesh has been planned by UN-
This publication on social marketing of sanitation discusses in detail HABITAT under the Water for Asian Cities Programme in partnership
various sanitation technologies that are sustainable and affordable with WaterAid India (WAI), AARAMBH, SAMBHAV and four Municipal
which can be utilized for on-site safe disposal of human excreta from Corporations of Bhopal, Indore, Gwalior and Jabalpur at a total cost of
households as well as public toilets. There are many impediments that US$ 1.3 million including the counterpart contributions by WAI and the
emerge for the social marketing of sanitation in implementing the sanita- Municipal Corporations.
tion programmes, particularly in the developing countries. These mainly The activities under this include mapping the poor, awareness cam-
relate to socio-cultural dynamics of the nations concerned, organiza- paigns, community mobilization, training and capacity building of the
tional financial and legal barriers, depending on the political system of community, values-based water and sanitation education and many
the nation. innovative initiatives that include rooftop rainwater harvesting in schools,
This publication analyses the factors for achieving the Millennium Devel- provision of individual and community toilets as well as school toilet
opment Goals on sanitation by 2015. It presents several case studies blocks.

Rapid Gender Assessment of the Cities of Madhya Pradesh

In order to address the concerns of women and girls in the water and sanitation sector UN-HABITAT has
planned to develop a strategy for gender mainstreaming which shall seek to work towards the objective of
women’s empowerment on the one hand and a pro-poor water and sanitation governance for efficient man-
agement and livelihood promotion on the other. In this connection a Rapid Gender Assessment (RGA) of the
water and sanitation services in the context of the four cities of Bhopal, Gwalior, Indore and Jabalpur has
been undertaken by Mahila Chetna Manch. This assessment shall be the basis of gender mainstreaming
strategy for the water and sanitation sector initiatives in these cities. The assessment highlights the critical
issues, concerns, challenges, including those linked with other sectors, the need of gender disaggregated
data in the water supply and sanitation services and the importance of gender sensitive indicators and gen-
der audits which need to be addressed in formulating the strategy to mainstream gender in water and sanita-
tion policies, programmes, and their outreach and impact.

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WATER FOR ASIAN CITIES PROGRAMME IN INDIA

Improving Leadership and Performance WATSAN Sector: An Update

in the WATSAN Sectors
UN-HABITAT in collaboration with Global Dharma Center is organizing pilot
workshops on Human Values and Ethics in the Workplace in the State Acad-
emy of Administration and Management, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. The
overall purpose of the workshop is to improve leadership and performance in
the water education, water supply and sanitation sectors. The main objectives
of these workshops are to assist participants to:
• Raise awareness about the importance and role of human values and
ethics at work;
• Draw from their human value strengths in their work and leadership
activities;
• Enable them to plan work environment that encourages and requires
others to work in accord with human values;
• Develop among them a purity and unity of thought, word and action;
• Make the commitment to being a champion of human values and ethics
in their workplace.
The workshop has been designed to analyze the nature of human values,
identify living human values at work, recognize and practice ethics in the
workplace, foster a group environment for human values and ethics develop
purity and unity of thought, word and action and create among the partici-
pants a vision of how they can contribute through human values and ethics,
to a future which achieves “safe water, sanitation and hygiene for all”.
Prior to organizing these workshops, the GDC team visited Indore, Bhopal,
Jabalpur and Gwalior from 12-16 September 2005 and held consultation
meetings with the elected representatives of the Municipal Corporations, the
Municipal Commissioner, Engineers and other project staff working at the city
and state level. The objective of these consultations was to brief them on
these workshops and also
understand how human
values and ethics are cur-
rently being practiced in the
water and sanitation service
sector. A series of work-
shops are planned at the
state and the national level
that will not only pilot test a
guidebook on Human Values
and Ethics in the Workplace
developed by UN-HABITAT
but will also develop a strat-
egy for mainstreaming hu-
man values in the capacity
Stakeholders’ Consultation meeting with GDC team in progress
building initiative under the
Water for Asian Cities Pro-
XIIth World Water Congress of IWRA
India is hosting XIIth World Water Congress of International Water Resources
Association (IWRA) at New Delhi from 22-25 November 2005. It is being organ-
ized by the Central Board of Irrigation and Power and Geographical Committee
of the International Water Resources Association (India). The Congress shall
address several themes that include (i) Integrated Water Resources Manage-
ment; (ii) Water Infrastructure Development; (iii) Water Governance; (iv) Urban
Water Management; (v) Rural Water Management; (vi) Water Security and Risk
Management; (vii) Economics and Financing of Water; and (viii) Capacity Build-
ing for Water Resources Management.
More than 1000 delegates from about 50 countries are expected to participate
in the stimulating debate on the challenges in the water sector. The congress is
expected to provide valuable inputs to the 4th World Water Forum, scheduled in
the year 2006 at Mexico (for more information visit the Congress website
www.worldwatercongress.org)
IRCSA - International Conference on Rainwater Harvesting
The International Rainwater Catchments Systems Association (IRCSA) is or-
ganising an International Conference on “Mainstreaming Rainwater Harvesting
2005”, from November 15 – 18, 2005 at Hotel Intercontinental Eros, Nehru
Place, New Delhi (India). The main objective of the Conference is to provide an
opportunity for international networking and sharing of knowledge relating to all
aspects of rainwater harvesting. The Conference shall provide a platform for
achieving a critical mass of stakeholders to promote integrated approaches to
water management through rainwater harvesting and also ensure that rainwater
harvesting is effectively mainstreamed, both in policy and practice.
The responsibility for hosting this conference is entrusted to Action for Food
Production (AFPRO), New Delhi, WSSCC, Geneva and AGT, Chennai. AFPRO
is the main representative in the lead role to take all actions to mobilize partners
connected with RWCS leading to the conduct of the conference. IRCSA aims to
recognize the worldwide need for conservation and management of water. The
upcoming conference will be a forum for a wide spread campaign to increase
international awareness of rain water harvesting and to make it a part of main-
streaming of water activities (for more information visit www.ircsa2005.org).
Fast Track Metering Programme for Monitoring UFW
Urban Water Supply and Environmental Improvement Project MP is considering
taking up part-metering to measure flow at outlet at Raw Water Pumping Sta-
tions and bulk consumers size 50 mm and above. UWSEIMP is also proposing
to take areas of limited connections, pressurized pipe lines, leakage detection,
replace / repair of sluice valves so as to stop reduce water leakage and regular-
ize/register illegal connections.
New Municipal Commissioners in Bhopal and Gwalior
Mr. Pawan Sharma of Indian Administration Service (1999 Batch) has been
appointed as the Commissioner, Gwalior Municipal Corporation and Mr. Manish
Singh of Indian Administrative Service (1997 batch) has been appointed as
Commissioner, Bhopal Municipal Corporation.

Editorial Team
UN-HABITAT
Editorial Board Gopal Reddy, Secretary, UADD, State Govt. of M.P EP-16/17, Chandragupta Marg, Chanakyapuri
Savitur Prasad, Director, Govt. of India New Delhi - 110021 (India), Tel: +91-11-24104970 - 73
Fax: +91-11-24104961, Email: Wac.India@unhabitat.org
S.N. Mishra, Project Director, UWSEIP, Bhopal
Debashish Bhattacharjee, ADB, India Resident Mission
WAC Programme Project Office
Aniruddhe Mukerjee, CTA, UN-HABITAT, Bhopal E-1/191, Arera Colony, Bhopal - 462016
Tel: +91-755-2460836-37, Fax: +91-755-2460835
Editor Kulwant Singh, CTA, UN-HABITAT, New Delhi

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