อ่านเพิ่มกันหน่อยนะครับ

(ของอาจารย์ละเอียดที่ใช้ตอบคำถาม
ไปท่องเรื่ อง ion channel ในปลานะครับ)
สู้ๆครับ : )
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic-art/66191/10/Osmotic-regulation-in-freshwater-and-marine-teleost-fish
 Functions of Gill
• Seawater fish:
– Secret Na+ by passive diffusion
(Paracellular pathway)
– Leaky epithelium
• Freshwater fish:
– Uptake salt by Active transport
(Transcellular pathway)
– Tight epithelium
 Ionic Transport in the Fish Gill
Epithelium: Seawater

Gill epithelium 3
types of cells
1. Accessory cell
2. Chloride cell
3. Pavement cell

Na+ secretion by paracellular pathway

Evans, et al., 1999
Ionic Transport in the Fish Gill
Epithelium: Freshwater
 Tight Junction

Tight junction proteins seal the epithelial cells into the

epithelium sheet

http://www.fmp-berlin.de/ppi.html?&L=11
 Tight junction proteins

The tight junction proteins;

- Occludin
- Junctional adhesion molecule (JAM)
- Claudins 24 isoforms
Extracellular loops of claudins interdigitate
between cells to form ion-selective pores.
Phosphatidic acid Phosphatidyl-Ethanolamine

Phosphatidyl-Serine
Phosphatidylcholine
Cerebroside
Phospholipids'
membrane
synthesis
 Covalent bond

a form of chemical bonding that is characterized by

the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms, and
other covalent bonds
 Noncovalent bond
• Ionic bond Hydrogen bond

Van der Waals force

• Hydrophobic interaction

•
•
Secondary structure of proteins

The alpha-helix

Beta-pleated sheets
Transmembrane proteins
Sodium channel
Aquaporin
Zn 2+
Channel

Zn 2+ pass through the channel

Translation; RER
Ca-ATPase
Potassium Channel