UNIVERSIDADE NOVA DE LISBOA SISTEMAS Loaicos -~ 4 1 Bases ve Homenaglo 14. Musteeos xerereor 144. base Braaua 4.4.2. Base detal 14.3, Convecsds bate dremel / uteat bases, 1.2. Womencs Faaceronaletos 4.3. ConventGho set 1 - LoGARITHICA 2. Obevawes perrnetscas 21 Sema @ bubhaceio 2.2, Repreuntagde ene complementos 2.2.4. Complamontos ma baw 10 2.2.2. Complements na bau 9 2.2.3, Ba binaen 2.2.4, Complements de 2 2.2.5. Lomplanent det. 3, ALGEBRA DE Boole Bl. Concecbos fundamentair 3.2, Diagmnnas oe Yonn 2.3. Funges £,00, wads4.4, 1 Baset_se Mmewscio. 4.4. Mumeaos Inbenas Grud se um numew 0 tscuto fo modo jus cual ment wklitames (bau so). &. 127 = 7 + 20 +400 Fs numeo podud sn sscu¥o na forma oe 10° ay edo! tar «lo® G cu bya, Yue ad eo valor cla baw de didé Ye te aduuh ad= o,1,2, pote Yomar Yodow ot vabous ents rer uumuage menos tem; (10-41-49), 1272 '7xlo°s 2xlo'z 1x10 Ne caw geet de uma baw 2 , gualjuee rwumeo WV podua’ si duce newia bau bob a forma We Sab! er gut al = Otyu, (b-1) € 1 cipende da bimentir do ¥* As bans sober as guair nos Eebrugartmos con mac akugad , wi a cdea'met,a binalua ea octal. V4. Bau binalen avs 0,7 &=«2 Coneidiete 9 mums We 142° 4402'+ Ox2% 4 1x2? wae ee fodua’ erceve na bae 2 do mapus'nG rrodo + Ne= 1011 2 eujo yale deormal seta of 4 2+8= M4.S.L02 44.2, Bau Och? A fauagem che um rumes encuile em base bindux a bau oclal 0! ‘mediate hija Me 1011 da dirt, 2/0 mano Uugrn'fiat'r, Reeavermmos 0 numew NM Juntendo. Ube yor nao tim fue, come usual, © algausmo Lignificatives, polanto a toguuds , oe modo a olla um ce abgasiimo: multiple de 3. M,= 90/ oll Escuramer My na tua founa deunvolada : Nge 10 2% 4442" 4 O02? s 1234 x24 40x25 @ we (tat a tee! 4 0022) (2) 4(402% On2'4 0424) «(24)'= = (011) «8° + (001), x8'= = Bx 8*+ 1x8! = (73), 348 2 1), como Knkamos nite « ome ke pedi er, 0 mater mumue Sue ue pode aie canto de cada gupo ce 2 simboles 2! (111), , om ) 0 ye tlhe’ de acords com o anteoemente a1 feubo, bja 7 <7 ye ate 0,4, 2,04 (b-1) om s1fa, eth cao em yu bb ads 0,4, 2,6, 7. Rewuminko: (Casa pastac um ne da ttprrsentages bena’ Ma a apeetentageo echt, Junfarnte weros xo wiguifrcalivos ak! james um xe oe Limboles mubhiplos ce 3, Gta um dsilir grupos 3 simbolos brnaluos comes- fonds @ um das ar da Aiprecentage® bm oclel,14.3. Modo de convert deo'mat /auta bare Ja! tiasvemo! 0 meimo mumes nas his bat: benalua, octet 2 decimal. 1041, = 1% = 138 O modo de conveudo ce um %? eseuYo na bare 10 no lou comes fondenti em jualjuer outa bate, contith em dine dit 0 yaber dewalt prlo valor da nora bate 2 gus Li fasten ce coeur 0 wumere, alt’ cbler cum quodint infortor a bese. Exenrple, Bau 8: 4 & => 1b = 134 © © Bau 2: 44 (a @ s (2 => 14> 10142 @ 2 12. ©@ bau 3: "3 => My 102, ® le @@ (02,2 2% 3°+ 0434 de2?= 24049 2 44,, Moa 62S.L.-4 1.2. Nurneao: nceionaluvs Analiemos age of ne fracerorades . Leja one M eveurto a bace (0: Noy = 0.123 = 1x10" 4 2 KIO“ + 3 KIO = 0.4 40,02 + 0,003 ne Wa! sche toh a formas 3 Wa ba b , um Ne a by a2 b+. + ab! = = ach eon gun a= 0, 1,.,, (8-1) for exemple 0 n° Neu 0.104 ec eguiaknk a Mp = 142 4 Ox2"F 41% ead adet ee & 2 & a8 a 625), A conveatéo de um 2° decimal meener Pus Ure @ mrouor gue seo em binalae, pode tn comuguila uhilitande o achfiere de te mubliplicands (¢ Binidinds Umatterneament ) 0 a* pet polinaias oe 2, 0.625 x24 a 1.250 227% 1424 0,250 x2"! os x 2u! BIA a 0.280 x2 perhwh: as «2x42 toxa’ 2 1 0.628 = trate (0.6 e272 = 1424 (4x2) 12-42" = 9,104, a te ota hen? De um mobo umelhanti u pode obla a tpusentageo cle wii ve dodo xa bau 40, ex gualpus outa bate 5.8, 2.38 Exempl, lafa a kau ma gual puckndemos oble a apuseniacas , b= 8, 1) Mos 0.625 = 0.625% But SoxL esse g Mo = 0.625, = O85 2) Now 0.924, = 0124 «eb = 0,992 x8"! SOR 0.992 v Bets 7936 «Bs 7¥874 0.936 487 0.9396 x Bel = 7498 8's 728+ 0.48828" Nig = 2.124 = (12874 728°? + 0.488 «a7? ka"! = 7874 7x87 74 0.488 437? = 0.0770 + 0.488 «8% a ES (1 fal [11 e/a aepusentrgan he VM na bau 8, desputando [2], conforme se feocle confrrnar tabeulando: oo7t+ 0.48614 5 re Late bh ge. & & Ou fa: + 9.488 « A 33 = SEH7+ 0.498 2 0.124 ge? Ao Mpuanta oe ne 0.124, flo 19 0.077 xa dau B athmos a saoliiat uma apsou'mazele a tbs Catal, ou fa, a dutputtar 9.488 re,S.2.°6 1.3, Convengin Stemi Cgautrnier Em gualzun Uthma Ae numuagis pode te ub'bi'iae uma convengad fal gus um me sefa eteulo cob a fouma X= a xb” em gu Aga lt, om n enveso eb, a bau k uu mnacar, ¢ No caso dea'rral q>oazot «¢ b=t0 Me a. 70" ; Come "a" comeca Cempet por um Boro @ uma vaiaguba pode + se adnu¥ie pus. nd oe! mecettalus eacuers’. bos guando eabalhe toh evla foema, A bave “b" (nih caso be 10) ceudo conkeeida, tambem 2! implica, Ratha o intune i pus e! mecessaiu’o Afini. Gri, o ae Xx sua’ peprrtentado pel mantissa"a" ¢@ pelo expoent “n", Asim, rar compulader whlirando sila convencar , ha! ue aeluvr unt cevo ne oe ‘bck ” fa "a® 4 eusos fora “n" ex.62$2-9 2.- Oferacoth ulinslicas. 21— Ofoated roma 2 publioced - As ofwracoth astlaueltion fordaus jor spfelicetat, ou cefrcults bass he use awssage £ pequiudo procmos pice, porodilo « wurlir Comcceenor for definin taibuos de actions 2 publinceas Mikesaude a bose Dunasio, usa vig Gust alos fod Jo fouuchores sue Mose deeual , Taman re dots aucceevicr Ae ur Pik apenas Azao22 B= po xian Gul F020 0u4 2 bo 2 out) TTalela da fopua abel cha subTeaceas A B Sse A B DF ae o¢é oo } Oo oO oO 1 0 40 a ° 1 6 8, A to On4 4 A 01 4 0 0 Btclegaude alos, tabelos dpedtun se sreveulan, qucuirauar roma # pal- Graceis Jlidiz,audo tnuunthos Hsitiver . Como adkiaule pe vird, 2° corvetceccle cauvanlir as jublinecots tu frowas Seal aude pwcoeteferoadis (0 eoolean phileggeclo pean Vie que tn0 fonuibe a Alidinasas do mmaawo Aiddapslivo eheelhorrsto fone. 0s fag Couvtice cuuda jubhcoluwr yun owtacten que ald coun tt uuu sosst- vel poral oe Trowuponl ( vous") vimda da opmracnd frececlenlesLg Apa ag: 2° Ai B; (os Si City ° ° © ° ° o 4 ° 4 6 i ° e : ° CE 20 puual de Hows ponte ccarny) 1 ° ® 1 dz ofpracein freoclulld £ Cryq a0 1 ° easy" 4vaha a froxijua ofaraccaia 0 0 2 ‘ ‘ ° 1 { ° 4 ° ' 1 4 4 1 1 Breauplo: Somm: (7) AS) 22), PN), +(/01), = (1/09) Ou pel 114 e 404 _e / 100 Conny Subhaceoa — (4), 45),2(2), > (WY), Yo), 12), 117 fot O10 A purblfacood sree Plidtoncta 15 fedird yor eanvirlida muna fo- (ma descke que noista soma Aefrepewlocad todefienola he muwthos migaliver 745) =2 ea 62SL9 Sita meensedace Bava no» dinecbymoutt a ytilizocad ole eouiepil- pmatulos de (rumors da (radlo a spect clefewin 2 eaucho bob mmumitrars manatoms © as fegfras da pua ofractemoalidade. 4.2- Repuselamis an oowupleowulos A faudome-mnor frovspopwomusielt a fase dow 2 folauiuc a bare to Jama viz, que 2606 (nor 2° mmedid frswthian do fouls ole vied. ofsractive Cousidorn- kpc Quusueho A catufiarte fuk & big sles O% 4 prvtctirer def sumu 0 (recclube 20 4uitle dourcault pela oon (4-1) Leanna o Abu M- wal fasitive ou puqatio Beal A= 00003 wate olefiicvad pieeplioa B= 0,024, gue sale, comupputneaule ofr 5 dy £4 Tob &'fixo. ptinuto 0 mown poual joodudo ae euro pabtlive quit be fede 20%- ah ao 49999 22.4- Couplewaste da base 10 Cosmo 0 punusro de dural lollal £ wire, o eotuflumenle ola Jone. oH Ata,o eatuc4 lewneccbo ole 10 para chtiole Audebroviuclo O (MUUMn- jo de 10% boemplo: 05 A= 10%. 0003 = 999797S4-46 Acomancod que Ae pldbiyord sa oe qut 0 eouuglucealo oft 10 cle ba wiiineho foasieve neframla 0 correrpaucluele pusuettho mmagehio, 24 M- ee 99994 =-3 0 prrlima. 2° eaursisfeicle yuna vay que Aomauclo 34-3) be obltie 00003 45993 ou ale, Jur unto de esinco al- peated qobtenc soovo Sut eohpespacicle oto ato tahiti’. 2) Safa aggha o ofraes’ es ALB fod ch pmaudros nefridos (no premucte wouulo + A-B = 00003 - 00127 Clade Gus « 00124 © 11873 a Ly tepseulaced pute - Folia de (- 00721) EMA A-B— = 00003+99843 2 I98t6 Le pamal © serubllide olticls ¢ pum pause puegaivo; 0 eomerpouclule pit sro foritivo oltim- be gubliaido-o cle 107 10° 99876 = 00124 Peolauls 0 pesutlocdoca efthaced 200124 tout 0 punod (-)SL-19 No wsliwlo conus jubeoluzsmir (wa yrabse. couvecend 0 eouseila ce (utr nega poder for foolanenati maul 0 pipoculrcod 99876 desde que im trucbroncor olo sen asudionda Maliinolhiouwult 0 qut fe Realigon far o deat 20003 - 00/23 +107 = 00003499043 = 77846 Rasumiudo: S1102R . juclo S onuutlade a oft, 2 R 2 tefaoulaead close jenllicdle asumiudas a couvinects refer das, doude de frottuclrmugs oll 0 puumtro 4opilive cout o fe (nal (mtu tener ce Tiar 10° 00 Sotlacl on Ae: $s. St10°=R S= R10, 100000 S= (10% R) -__ 19846 (2 00124 ) Saja a oftracad -A-B= -00003-00 124 Shroltioudo a ofehacas” ou. mor de coucpleureeclirr Biud> . -A-B— > 199944 99843 2179810 Do mumsho 1971830 ofrlicto diste Jwoolp alstiainemor o pcunl de Hrourhonte comvirlivicto- so wu 19840 ou Arla o 2qucyabeale a-130 Makyyma'icamout a uultfenea’ La eg wuule. -A-B-B -3+407- 123710 = 9993 499813 = 199840 Feta pe oltr 0 posubliclo um Uoruor he mumeros doreliio free didn da Susat mtr ha que peligor 2xJo% ao pumusro auclluos ~ ( 2xfo% 199874) =~ 00 130SL-12 faa pe llr © puumdo meaativo job a foun cle courtloursule de 10, ha qut Seltror afouas fo" obbiuclo-re 99840, De polar que ao Aorfias coumnor o Aiual che Brows hohle sie seackauwenle a pubbliain yo ou Peja, a ofr o prrufliclo om cot Aluuestle de to Couchupors: — Pingu. se o munurhos coltyerliuclo a> (negates Dus eatte- pauls de 40 £ Mdlizcucle prnicounet a oftrarcnd Losin . — Saufie que hour Aquoir de Bamsforle Hannan - re — Obviamenle 2° meertario mas weed jo esutlicle dos ofsracsts a eafariolade ole ohn > defeuicla. juuorakwutul ((uo Coro dos sseemler 4 a, le» ) . Axia 0 pwasir (Muutho fost. tive pha 09999 20 jumon punto pnegatio 40000 (10% 34000) = -10.000) Thabethawer frnfavle earn primus pun qauneoro manetive do qua fobutivor . 4.2.2.— Comflousuts ha hase oustuor yaw (40-1) De jwode semtthaul wo refriolo wo taucslausule dt 10 obldu - - Ae 0 couitlmuule deF pudliaivdo 2 mmo a earsa oe (10%) on se poproumn toleulo- re 0 complemmtle cle to 2 fuchbio- pe Jowua A = +3 Broo1wy = +127ee A filapopia ce gwauntto rmiqaliv a peechhoule & qut p0 ole fesine qulbinrnoul . -Az-3 > (10%) - 00008 = o= 20008) -1 como for-1 = 9999 F999 0003 9996 © -3 ot: 10000 00038 4991 -1 9976 2-3 A wbchizacas cle comufbaucsate Le 4 fove.-me a! mecrsxolacl de clefiuin tur vitlon 3080 con clams Sepeanuloionss . +0 4-0 +O=> 20000 > tome-se o put coxa lymouls = 99999 -o > G9999 00000 sean T3579 Twrfresta anon clefinin 0s seqnas que prmuilio oftar (no Aste (ima de cosupluuuile 29 Q) AtB = 00003 +0012%= 20130 = + 136 fh) B-A= 00129 - 00003 Dramsjponactincr 0 (uunutho-s (no pou tomilemmde a4 £ Somnamo-ko rou squcvalule co (mutha Magpie -00003 -> 49999 60003 2939 6SL14 Smo a oftracad que qurrir efrsliian f B-A= BLA) towed. BA) = 90124 T9996 (-A) 100423 Le 1 06124 Guo fev para ahlth o peslliclo earrecle , Wut Fue Le aoliocomar 0 peual de Raushonl. Ve | auctor a jet foment jualin Mien: 14-8 +yord) 2 ah+977I6 = 123 Ziuvialimeule homou-se jo%s . Csa oblr o peublacte frual comcels ter ae- yr que pubbliarr jo ou pela, Lininar o pxmak At Faushorte , cquivaloule a pucbDour 10° 2 posuar 1 oo Aosta. alo. Comin purutmcrncea fpodt- Ax qusculih Gut At pon o pK aol ce Rrausfenle ao preseclliicle . | ©) A-B = 00003-00124 do ousrno sundae : - 0041247993892 2 Prowsforuna- pe a. dufrenen UM opus AB —S 00003 41842 481 S O heullodls recombece-se eonuo a jepicsunlacnd che sue pu mio (ne Wo que be fool alvin tno. frrunen Maud (- xxxx) fob Ueaindle- the jordSL-95 Do foul de vaita malimalti¢o o gut Ae tex foc A-B—= 3-127 +(jo%4) doude fara obttr 0 sesallacle foual porin pneesncsio pubrbiaur yoy) - Nb lial como 2 amie 2 mneqsohive foke-se gmat’. Jo wa. farwun de couflomuls de 9 ceicle aun 0 subrfrstewor oprecloym er 998%5 — = -124 ad) -A-B —-A —> —00003 (jor4) - B—> - 00424 +(yory) : -A-B—e - 00003 - 00124 + 2x(jo-4) Tore ofttr 0 resullinco coftects fiual hove, que Aubetrain axjor2; om pein cbsfiegar clods pinais de Rrousforti 2 Loman Zao jesullicl fireal. Coxlucle, cosmo 9 mameoto 2 aecgalive, pore olttr o fusllade yua neprasrulicnd cle Couasleucculs le 4 $6 Av Cun que puliiodn (e*4) ou pejx cle swede pemelbooute ao pixokvea- do wu b), disfitsn-pe o Roumdore 2 powun- pe o pee yadori4) ao pasullo.cle ~ 00003 +(10%1) = 99996 = 00124 +Yo%1) = 39832 99976 97822 MN FF868B Le 1 99864S2-16 @uclupan : . — Oftrau- he o> mumoras touvarltucto o mneqalios wo Compleryeuls de move 2 Ulta, audlo a folk Conn puuicn oftra- ed — Sadie que Four. mat de Mausforte omam-se 00 novullado ; £0, two frauaclo - o» no hooal cue afareeruc — [had je fode tscceclr mo rorllticle cha oftracad & earpacr- clade (ueaxiinna 4Mth olor pmumtrer poslivir , Spun bag olive. [Imasin cute fabio 09999 = yous (intuor (wusaro Megalo 40000 = yo%a Prloule, 2 couforiue viruor culvermecell Guaudo Vrabo - Mramer om complements ce fo, Wor uu puico 30 (20000), 0°44) auamether fuseitivor x ¢ J0")' (annthod puegaliver , parole m 0 Mito de aah pner au /rinbolos Miktsactos Auch doo nifriselative do pwuol .Trabalheuco wa em Meucsels ob 7 omuméo aero bin duos pefroveutacoh (4-0), 2 fodktuios nefiseseutin, (0° t) puntos posshives # aay unk queauliclade ce puemicton nen ativerS217 2.2.3 - Gotigo Samora ou foods fiwinen. nwo halifuakusute o coupurlrolais WalaLhau gua Hien wogont Jnmobia (frrse2) 0 que aultiarmoule se horeuyebven cou carpus Jin de Jo 29 chovsha mle. caso per Mialficlo oux complucculs ole2 a4 De molar que achar o eoueplouccucle clo 12a ase famorn ooeafau- de a com fSunculin, & cefrouti Lui do mumsso tu uate Boeeuplo: 100 —» oH, : Do ames prado o eoaullouculs he 2 frode ror eaucepseublo archon 0 vomplouonh der, 2 pomouro mun pundlode x 2u- fin ucblioinde 0 mento clitgolanneult ov 2™ Eoeeuee bo ]900- 100 = joo é=> 84441 = Joo 42.4— Gusta pe 0 corn piusuly de 2 clr peg uiiulis (rae- (mehr : Az 20st (45), 3B = 21006 (+8) jo A-B = (3-8), 268), a) A-B —> 000" +(2% 0/000) 7 }00000 Comcflomonls eg = o4000 41000 ua ou soddd 1 14000SL-18 ooo/d }} 000 oo fd (oso 0 resuilocte 2 megalvo at arcee ct atonclo Col a Couvoneodd oe coun fleunent cle 2, co sue jun" a! utr ola (na 5% Cato. bh) -A-B = ot 900 1 + 2” oj000 = -A-B+ 2x o Nor comectiar o piual de Camfovi squaveele a pecbliiouk 2° Yor oulko face, -A-B+2° camival a afreselir o powudln- do que com flououl he2. Vorfourl .- rs O0T /) = 44704 Ok J/f0044 2? 21000 = J/000 OM 10/// 44 ~A-B=(-3-8), F(-f) 5 ~A-B Hy Jp jo! 14000 resed PIN ye Sumad de Grasfore ; Aebivilo ouuvale a publtain 2& Resumupeclo — Ofpam- Ke (mmo couvpliucle o> (negorkiver 20 Combloumoute let 2 wlidiz,oudle afeuas a ofetacad ho : — Famopoun- re onvubiais pamous de Prous poAk — (Wad de focle secon (no frubloclo cha ofsracod 2 tofaudlace makina foridiva ox degeliva dada ful (tde pain koder Mbbigadiesm) que’ de 2°" para t fosshiven @ de 2° fara wr (responS743 2.2.5- Cucfiousils oe Lana o complousuls Aer treu-Ae - Az 000}// (3), Be 0/000 =(S) jo A) AB = 13g Dy 450 A-B o> At (271) -B cop pbeutouch cle 1 —BPyiiss- Ofooo = Josfs ° pestilte.clo afareerra cmeaadive Lu Biaguagou cone qwal olf comfluuoule ce 4 Ooofs fojsd gtd 40 Resusanelo : — Often pe to quunsres couvitltitole do negahiver sue womMontntn deg 2 Hilezowolo afar a ofehoceos pena - — Saupe que tar Miwon de Conant pawaun- Ae 8 Jaaarnndle - o> tno focal gucle ax Clu ok ak fae weed no psullacle dd oftraced o. cape aad oe pole oe meneliia. acta fob (reacusno ole pirubviles plelezaclas (ce) Gut 2 2 wySl-20 3.ALGEBRA De Boorse 34, COMCETTOS FUNMORHENTRTS la helen dha Boole a ole valor 2' frsccakh por Wer eorjenl he der LG mth," @ %", eve fece pe hefeue an pyecid, ofeach: dn Meee , pose pale shy ar nifeccrl, sclagér, O+10-20 o+id-2f +e 2 & dake & A ule ofcacD Caeechelve ce cheacetr “leereg) Baa" 2+ Sulccarecgae, fur patinfag ar Ayecrib, polazBrs 0.020 Od = 0 1020 44 21 Tecset bedi clieusen “Fieegae E" 3- Corer ple wettagao : oe 4 « =e Taswlec 0 chausacda “Severn” F pentivl Keucnnber a pepecuter fropeteda dir, pedo a 46 yau's'vec fue protec Gear Jerr “aw. 0 yelr "0" fun 0 yale ¢ At+tas& A.A: a atbs bea a.bsha (asbjre = ar(bee) (a.9.c-a-(Gc)