REMOTE SENSING AND GIS

TECHNOLOGY
REMOTE SENSING
DEFINITION :

Remote Sensing is the science and art of acquiring

information (spectral, spatial, temporal) about material
objects, area, or phenomenon, without coming into
physical contact with the objects, or area, or
phenomenon under investigation.
TYPES

 BASED ON SOURCE OF ENERGY

 BASED ON RANGE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC
SPECTRUM
 OPTICAL REMOTE SENSING
 THERMAL REMOTE SENSING
 MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING
ADVANTAGES
 Cheap
 Data from inaccessible regions
 Clearly visible
 Base maps without detailed land surveys
 Easy to manipulate and combine with other
geographic coverage
DISADVANTAGE
 Calibrated against reality
 Pictures which are complicated
 Distinct phenomenon can be confused
 Resolution of satellite imagery is too
coarse for detailed mapping
Radar on satellites is also used to detect changes in the way
that sea ice scatters radio waves.
Scatter data is used to produce a false color image that
indicates different ages the age of sea ice
GIS TECHNOLOGY
DEFINITION :

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS is a

computer based tool for mapping and analyzing things
that happen on the earth.
OBJECTIVE :
 Maximize the efficiency of Planning
and decision making
 Provide efficient means for data
distribution and handling
 Elimination of redundant data
base-minimize duplication
 Capacity to integrate information
from many sources
 Complex analysis/query involving
geographical ` referenced data to
generate new information.
GIS can answer

 Location : What exists at a particular

location
 Condition: Identify locations where
certain conditions exist.
 Trends : What has changed since
 Patterns : What spatial patterns
exists And
 Modeling : What if…..
 Benefits once GIS is implemented
Geospatial data are better maintained in a standard format.
Revision and updating are easier.
Geospatial data and information are easier to search,
analysis and represent.
More value added product.
Geospatial data can be shared and exchanged freely.
Productivity of the staff improved and more efficient.
Time and money are saved.
Better decision can be made.
 Computer System for GIS
 Hardware System
 Central Processing Unit (CPU)
 Memory (RAM) > 64 MB
 I/O Device
 Plotters, printers, mouse, digitizers, scanners, digital camera

 Software System
 Operating System
 DOS, Windows
 Compiler
 C++, Pascal, Fortran, BASIC
 Application Programs
 ArcGIS, MGE, Geo/SQL, GFIS, IDRISI*, GRASS*
 * public domain software