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  is a field of study that investigates the impact that
individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within an organization. It focuses
on improving productivity, reducing absenteeism and turnover, and increasing
employee job satisfaction and organizational commitment. It uses systematic study to
improve predictions of behavior. OB managers need to understand better and more
about human behavior than before to make organizations run effectively and efficiently.

It has many advantages to be studies this field, the most well known ones as follows:

£  ºhe study of OB helps us understand ourselves and others in a better

way. ºhis helps greatly in improving our inter-personal relations in the
organizations.

£ ºhe knowledge of OB helps the managers know individual employees better and
motive employees to work for better results. It helps managers apply
appropriate motivational technique in accordance to the nature of individual
employees who exhibit glaring differences in many respects.
£  One of the basic characteristics of OB is that it is human in nature. So to
say, OB tackles human problems humanly. It helps understand the cause of
the problem predicts its future course of action and controls its evil
consequences.

In addition to that, there are many things that influence organizational behavior, most
well known ones are:

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×y reader, it is very important to understand what is called organization, how it affects

the field of Organization Behavior, and also meaning, scope and importance of
organizational behavior.

However, an organization is a collection of people who work together to achieve

individual and organizational goals. A consciously coordinated social unit composed of
two or more people that function on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common
goal or set of goals. Organization can be defined as Ɲtwo or more people working
together for achieving a common goalƞ.

Secondly,  
  is a field of study that investigates the impact that
individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within an organization. It focuses
on improving productivity, reducing absenteeism and turnover, and increasing
employee job satisfaction and organizational commitment. It uses systematic study to
improve predictions of behavior. OB managers need to understand better and more
about human behavior than before to make organizations run effectively and efficiently.

ºhirdly, Organizational Behavior focuses on improving productivity, reducing

absenteeism and turnover, and Increasing employee job satisfaction and organizational
commitment. It uses systematic study to improve predictions of behavior. OB is an
academic field of study concerned with human behavior in organizations; also called
organizational psychology. It covers the area like motivation, group dynamics,
leadership, organization structure, decision making, careers, conflict resolution, and
organizational development. When this subject is taught in business schools, it is called
organizational behavior; when it is taught in psychology departments, it is called
organizational psychology.
ëinally, Organizational Behavior is an academic discipline concerned with describing,
understanding, predicting, and controlling human behavior in an organizational
environment. OB is related to other disciplines like Organizations ºheory, Organization
Development and Personnel/Human Resources ×anagement. OB, being an
interdisciplinary subject, draws heavily from other behavioral sciences such as
Psychology, Sociology, and Anthropology.

×eanwhile, the scope of organizational behavior includes the study of individual, groups
and organization aspects. However, the aspects of these three are:

1. Individuals: Organizations are the associations of individuals. Individuals differ in

many respects. ºhe study of individuals, therefore, includes aspects as

personality, perception, attitudes, values, job satisfaction, learning and
motivation.
2. Groups of individuals: Groups include aspects such as group dynamics, group

conflicts, communication, leadership, power and politics and the like.

3. Organization structure: ºhe study of organization/structure includes aspects such

as formation of organizational structure, culture and change and development.

ºhe study of these three aspects have great effect the effectiveness of the organization
because organizational performance starts from individual performance, group
performance and last the summation of these two makes organizational performance.
In addition to that, the field of organizational behavior ƠOBơ sometimes people called
×odel of OB has four models: autocratic, custodial, supportive, and collegial, and they
were explained as follows:

•  Autocratic: ºhe basis of this model is power with a managerial orientation of

authority. ºhe employees in turn are oriented towards obedience and

dependence on the boss. ºhe employee need that is met is subsistence. ºhe
performance result is minimal.
 J  ›ustodial: ºhe basis of this model is economic resources with a managerial

orientation of money. ºhe employees in turn are oriented towards security and
benefits and dependence on the organization. ºhe employee need that is met is
security. ºhe performance result is passive cooperation.
a  Supportive: ºhe basis of this model is leadership with a managerial orientation

of support. ºhe employees in turn are oriented towards job performance and
participation. ºhe employee need that is met is status and recognition. ºhe
performance result is awakened drives.
  ›ollegial: ºhe basis of this model is partnership with a managerial orientation of

teamwork. ºhe employees in turn are oriented towards responsible behavior and
self-discipline. ºhe employee need that is met is self-actualization. ºhe
performance result is moderate enthusiasm.

Although there are four separate models, almost no organization operates exclusively in
one. ºhere will usually be a predominate one, with one or more areas over-lapping in
the other models

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ºhe benefits of studying of organizational behavior are as follows:

£  ºhe study of OB helps us understand ourselves and others in a better

way. ºhis helps greatly in improving our inter-personal relations in the
organizations.

£ ºhe knowledge of OB helps the managers know individual employees better and
motive employees to work for better results. It helps managers apply
appropriate motivational technique in accordance to the nature of individual
employees who exhibit glaring differences in many respects.
 £  One of the basic characteristics of OB is that it is human in nature. So to
say, OB tackles human problems humanly. It helps understand the cause of
the problem predicts its future course of action and controls its evil
consequences.
£  ºhe most popular reason for studying OB is to learn how to predict human
behavior and, then, apply it some useful way to make the organization more
effectively.
All organizations are run by man. It implies that effective utilization of people

£ Working in the organization guarantees success of the organization. OB helps

managers how to efficiently manage human recourses in the organization. It
enables managers to inspire and motivate employees towards higher productivity
and better results.

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Organizational behavior is an applied behavioral science that is built on contributions

from a number of behavioral disciplines such as      
 
 
 
So now my reader lets see how these disciplines are related to organizational
behavior,
ƥ   Psychology is the study of human behavior which tries to identify
the characteristics of individuals and provides an understanding why an
individual behaves in a particular way. ºhis thus provides us with useful insight
into areas such as human motivation, perceptual processes or personality
characteristics.
ƥ à . Sociology is the study of social behavior, relationships among
social groups and societies, and the maintenance of social order. ºhe main focus
of attention is on the social system. ºhis helps us to appreciate the functioning of
individuals within the organization which is essentially a socio-technical entity.
ƥ à  . Social psychology is the study of human behavior in the
context of social situations. ºhis essentially addresses the problem of
understanding the typical behavioral patterns to be expected from an individual
when he takes part in a group.
ƥ 
   Anthropology is the science of mankind and the study of
human behavior as a whole. ºhe main focus of attention is on the cultural
system, beliefs, customs, ideas and values within a group or society and the
comparison of behavior among different cultures. In the context of todayƞs
organizational scenario. It is very important to appreciate the differences that
exist among people coming from different cultural backgrounds as people are
often found to work with others from the other side of the globe.
ƥ 
. Any organization to survive and sustain must be aware of the
economic viability of their effort. ºhis applies even to the non-profit and
voluntary organizations as well.
ƥ  
 àAlthough frequently overlooked, the contributions of political
scientists are significant to the understand arrangement in organizations. It
studies individuals and groups within specific conditions concerning the power
dynamics. Important topics under here include structuring Of ›onflict, allocation
of power and how people manipulate power for individual self-interest etc.
 ºhe following figure depicts to highlight the interdisciplinary nature of
organizational behavior.

Source:
Organizational behavior has emerged as a separate field of study. ºhe nature it has
acquired by now is identified as follows:
£ A separate field of study and not a discipline only: OB has a multi-disciplinary

orientation and is, thus, not based on a specific theoretical background.

ºherefore, it is better to call OB as a separate field of study rather than a
discipline only.
£ An inter-disciplinary approach: OB is essentially an interdisciplinary approach

to study human behavior at work. It tries to integrate the relevant knowledge

drawn from related disciplines like psychology, sociology and anthropology to
make them applicable for studying and analyzing organizational behavior.
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After having understood the meaning of organization, the definition, scope, and nature
of organizational behavior and also its importance to be studied, now, we can list and
explain the influences of organizational behavior.

As we explained above, OB is Ô
is a field of study that investigates the impact that
individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within an organization, and it has
its certain factors that affects it and they are as follows:
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