SELECT * FROM Employee

ORDER BY
CASE WHEN Address = 'USA' THEN 1
WHEN Address = 'Ahmedabad' THEN 2
WHEN Address = 'Gujarat' THEN 3
ELSE 4
END

CASE has two formats:

1. Simple CASE Function - Compares an expression to determine the result.
2. Searched CASE Function - Evaluates a set of Boolean expressions to determine
the result.
CASE Syntax
1. Simple CASE function:
CASE input_expression
WHEN when_expression THEN Result
ELSE result_expression
END
2. Searched CASE function:
CASE
WHEN Boolean_expression THEN Result
ELSE result_expression
END
1. Simple CASE Function
Evaluates input_expression and find the match with when_expression. If found, it
will return the Result and if not found, it will return the ELSE result_express
ion if an ELSE clause is specified, or a NULL value if no ELSE clause is specifi
ed.
DECLARE @Type varchar(20)
SET @Type = 'Programming'
SELECT
CASE @Type
WHEN 'Sql' THEN 'sqltutorials.blogspot.com'
WHEN 'Programming' THEN 'programmingschools.blogspot.com'
WHEN 'Travel' THEN 'travelyourself.blogspot.com'
ELSE 'Not yet categorized'
END
Value = programmingschools.blogspot.com
If SET @Type = 'Picture', then Return value = Not yet categorized

2.Searched CASE Function

Evaluates Boolean_expression for each WHEN clause and returns result_expression
of the first Boolean_expression that evaluates to TRUE.
If no Boolean_expression evaluates to TRUE, SQL Server returns the ELSE result_e
xpression if an ELSE clause is specified, or a NULL value if no ELSE clause is s
pecified.
DECLARE @Price integer
SET @Price = (20-9)
SELECT
CASE
WHEN @Price IS NULL THEN 'Not yet priced'
WHEN @Price < color="#ff0000">THEN 'Very Reasonable Price'
WHEN @Price >= 10 AND @Price < color="#ff0000">THEN 'Reasonable Price'
ELSE 'Expensive book!'
END
Value = Reasonable Price
If SET @Price = (30-1), then return Value = Expensive book!

CREATE PROCEDURE CustomerGetFinal

@CustomerTypeID int
AS
BEGIN
SELECT
CustomerID,
FirstName,
LastName,
CustomerTypeID
FROM
Customer
WHERE
CustomerTypeID = @CustomerTypeID
ORDER BY
CASE
WHEN @CustomerTypeID = 1 THEN (RANK() OVER (ORDER BY FirstName, Last
Name))
WHEN @CustomerTypeID = 2 THEN (RANK() OVER (ORDER BY LastName, First
Name))
WHEN @CustomerTypeID = 3 THEN (RANK() OVER (ORDER BY LastName DESC,
FirstName DESC))
END
END