INDUSTRIAL

SMOG
 SMOG
• Smog = smoke + fog
• Large cities experience
photochemical smog = smog +
sunlight
– aka Los Angeles-type smog
• When smog is sulfurous, its London-
type smog
– Certain types of coal have more
sulfur than other types
 Introduction
• Los Angeles Smog (photochemical smog) is
the mixture of ozone, hydrocarbons and
partially oxidized hydrocarbons, oxides of
nitrogen and other trace gases that results
from the action of sunlight on automobile
exhaust
– It is characterized by high temperatures and
sunny conditions.
• London Smog (particulate, or sulfurous
smog) is a mixture of sulfur dioxide and
sulfate and sulfite aerosols resulting
primarily from the combustion of high
sulfur coal followed by conversion of SO2 to
H2SO4
– It is characterized by high humidity and low
temperatures.
Temperature Inversion
 Los Angeles Smog

Figure
18.9
 London Smog

Figure
18.9
 Continue…

Economics
– Higher care cost.

– Crop damage is quite costly.

– Damage synthetic materials, cracks in rubber

and accelerates the fading of dyes and the
deterioration of paints.
– Impact of tourism (visibility condition).

– Effect on the Red Sugar Maple Tree (Canada’s

forestry industry depends on this tree).
 Severe Air Pollution Episodes
In 1948 in the steel-mill town of Donora,
Pennsylvania, intense local smog killed 19
people. Deadly smog envelops the town.

Tehran
• Dec 2005, school and
public offices had to close
because of smog from
industry.
• 1600 people taken to
hospital.
German,1998 California
• Golden Gate Bridge of the
• Issue – industrial smog
NOx photochemical smog.
very worse.
• Solution – road sign (no
traffic allowed due to
smog).
 Effects Of Industrial Smog
HUMAN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
– Reducing the body system – Decrease lung capacity and
to fight infection. lung elasticity of animals.

– Irritates the eyes, nose and – Damaged leaf tissues

throat. (discoloration, black and
– Increased susceptibility to white spot.

respiratory infection. – In Canada, less of forest by

– Decrease lung function and increasing level of smog.

physical performance. – Inhibit plant growth.

– Damage lung tissues (high

risk for child).
Prevention Steps
• Applying clean technologies
 Used the transport that burn the fuel oil
completely.
 If possible, use green transport. For
example, hybrid car.
• Factories must filter the smog that
produced first.

• The environment policies should be

applied by the government.