Detection and Filtering

of
Surface Electromyography(sEMG)
By
Shafivullah Mohd.
07024D1402
Department of ECE
University College of Engineering,
JNTU, Kakinada

UNDER THE ESTEEMED GUIDENS OF

Smt. U.V. Ratna Kumari
M.Tech
Department of ECE
University College of Engineering,
JNTU, Kakinada
 WHY THIS PROJECT WAS SELECTED ?

 In INDIA the present research works on BMI is very less.

To improve the QOL of the disabled and the elderlyPersons.

 There are a large number of people with severe motor disabilities due
to a variety of causes.
 METHODOLOGY

Our methodology consisted of the following steps:

 1. Select gestures.
 2. Apply electrodes
 3. Acquire signals.
 4. Detection of the EMG Signal
 5. Filtering of the EMG Signal
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
PROJECT specifications
Voltage range : 0 to 5v

EMG signal voltage range : 500 µV to 1000 µV

EMG signal frequency range : 50Hz to 150Hz

Operating Condition :strained condition

INTRODUCTION
TO
EMG
Electromyography :

 Defined as the preparation, study of, and interpretation of

electromyograms

Electromyogram:
 Defined as the electrical activity associated with the contraction
of a muscle

Greek derivative:
 Elektron-amber, + mys-muscle, gramma-something written
 Electromyography
Uses:
 Provides an indication of how much a muscle is being used
during particular types of activity

 Is a muscle on or off in an activity?

 Clinical:
Assessment of neuromuscular and neurological disorders
 EMG Electrodes
 2 Basic Categories
 Indwelling
 Study activation of a single motor unit
 Needle
 Fine Wire

 Surface
 Study composite action of multiple motor units
 sEMG Electrodes

There are three types of sEMG Electrodes

 Single Differential

 Double Differential
Δ
 Pre-Amplified
Artifact and Noise in sEMG Signal

 Due to cable movement

 Due to Electrode movement

 Due to Muscle cross talk

PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN BEFORE
PLACING OF SURFACE ELECTRODES

1) Clean with alcohol 2) Dry to ensure good connection

3) Place the electrodes 4) Connect cables to electrodes

and fasten with tape
 Position of the electrodes according to the muscle Structure

Flexor Digitrom Flexor Carpi Extensor

Superficial Radials Carpi Radials
longes
GESTURE PERFORMANCE AND RESULTING PATTERNS
 Magnitude of sEMG Signal

 Maximum of 5 μV range at skin

 Gain should be set to maximize range of A/D
 Convert raw Volts of A/D to mV measured at
skin
 Signal Processing
Amplitude

Root Mean Square (Value)

Raw Linear Envelop (Curve)
EMG
Rectified EMG (Curve)

Integrated (Value)
Post Processing of EMG Data
 Rectification
 Filter
 Low pass linear envelop (~ 3 Hz cutoff)
 Band pass filter (10 – 20 Hz, signal passes
between)
 Integrated EMG (IEMG)
Signal Processing
Raw EMG
Signal Processing
Full Wave Rectified
REMG = |raw EMG|
Signal Processing
 Signal Processing
Linear Envelop
Butterworth 2nd order, cutoff = 10 Hz
EXPERIMENTAL SETTING

 20 SUBJECTS WERE SELECTED

• 9 FEMALES, 11 MALES

• AVERAGE AGE 21.85 YEARS

• WEIGHT AVERAGE 52.15 KG.

• 20 RIGHT HANDS, NILL LEFT HANDS

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
 TWO PHASES

FIRST PHASE
10 nos as a standard values.
Subject 1: 6 Gestures 3 Features = 18 Parameters
Subject 2: 6 Gestures 3 Features = 18 parameters
-
-
-
Subject 10: 6 Gestures 3 Features = 18 parameters
 Results
Detected EMG Signal Filtered EMG Signal
Detected EMG Signal Filtered EMG Signal
HARDWARE SETUP
ADVANTAGES OF OUR PROJECT

Useful for paralysis person

Useful for spinal cord injured persons

Useful in military applications

 Limitations Of Our Project

There are number of spines in our spinal cord, we

don’t know which one is damaged.

Only for fourth order nerve damage our project is

applicable.
 Conclusion
Voluntary muscle activity can be successfully
detected and filtered by the described set-up.

Simple proportional control of the stimulation

intensity depending on voluntary muscle activity
could be realized.
 REFERENCES
 Shafivullah Mohd., Prof. Rajesh Kumar., V. Rajesh Kumar, Detection and filtering
of EMG for assessing voluntary muscle activity National Journal ISBN
KARENG/2002/9995 JL. OF Instrum.soc.India 39 (4) Nov-Dec 2009

 Chan, A. D. C. & Englehart, K. B.(2005), `Continuous myoelectric control for powered

prostheses using hidden Markov models', IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering,
Vol. 52, No.1, pp. 121-124.

 Cheron,G. Draye, J. Bourgeios, M. & Libert,G.(1996), `A Dynamic Neural Network

Identification of Electromyography and Arm Trajectory Relationship During Complex
Movements',IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering,Vol. 43, No. 5, pp. 552-558.

 Fast ICA (2005), The FastICA MATLAB package, Helsinki University of Technology,
http://www.cis.hut.fi/projects/ica/fastica/. Accessed 20 Feb 2006.
THANK YOU
QUERIES?
 r1s-r1T11 =0.0042 e1s-e1T11=0.0198 st1s-s1T11=0.0071
r2s-r1T11 =-0.5659 e2s-e1T11=-7.5867 st2s-s1T11=-0.5636
r3s-r1T11 =6.1763 e3s-e1T11=123.9877 st3s-s1T11=6.1764

Subject 11: r4s-r1T11=6.1213

r5s-r1T11 =3.8966
e4s-e1T11=122.5532
e5s-e1T11=69.3177
st4s-s1T11=6.1249
st5s-s1T11=3.8914
r6s-r1T11 =3.0602 e6s-e1T11=51.8877 st6s-s1T11=3.0634

r1s-r2T11 =0.5724 e1s-e2T11=7.6182 st1s-s2T11 =0.5914

11G 11G 11G 11G 11G 11G r2s-r2T11 =0.0023 e2s-e2T11=0.0117 st2s-s2T11=0.0207
1 2 3 4 5 6 r3s-r2T11 =6.7445
r4s-r2T11 =6.6895
e3s-e2T11=131.5861
e4s-e2T11=130.1516
st3s-s2T11=6.7642
st4s-s2T11=6.7092
r5s-r2T11 =4.4648 e5s-e2T11=76.9161 st5s-s2T11=4.035
6.9508 6.3826 13.1164 13.0634 10.8324 10.005 r6s-r2T11 =3.6284 e6s-e2T11=59.4861 st6s-s2T11=3.6477
Rms
r1s-r3T11 =-6.1614 e1s-e3T11=-123.9503 st1s-s3T11=-6.1585
r2s-r3T11 =-6.7315 e2s-e3T11=-131.5568 st2s-s3T11=-6.7292
E 48.3623 40.7639 172.332 170.901 117.664 100.241 r3s-r3T11 =0.0107 e3s-e3T11=0.0176 st3s-s3T11=0.0108
r4s-r3T11 =-0.4430 e4s-e3T11=-1.4139 st4s-s3T11=-0.0407
r5s-r3T11=-2.2690 e5s-e3T11=-54.6524 st5s-s3T11=-2.2742
r6s-r3T11 =-3.1054 e6s-e3T11=-72.0824 st6s-s3T11=-3.1022

S 6.9486 6.3643 13.1142 13.0611 10.8311 10.0092 r1s-r4T11 =-6.1084 e1s-e4T11=-69.282 st1s-s4T11=-6.1054
r2s-r4T11 =-6.6785 e2s-e4T11=-76.9081 st2s-s4T11=-6.6761
r3s-r4T11 =0.0637 e3s-e4T11=54.6859 st3s-s4T11=0.0674
r4s-r4T11 =0.0087 e4s-e4T11=0.0172 st4s-s4T11=0.0124
r5s-r4T11 =-2.2160 e5s-e4T11=-53.2213 st5s-s4T11=-2.2211
r6s-r4T11 =-3.0524 e6s-e4T11=-70.6513 st6s-s4T11=-3.0491

• rns stands for Gesture n standard Rms r1s-r5T11 =-3.8774 e1s-e5T11=-69.2820 st1s-s5T11=-3.8754
r2s-r5T11 =-4.4475 e2s-e5T11=-76.8881 st2s-s5T11=-4.4461
Value where n varies from 1-6 r3s-r5T11 =2.2947 e3s-e5T11=54.6849 st3s-s5T11=2.2939
r4s-r5T11 =2.2397 e4s-e5T11=53.2544 st4s-s5T11=2.2424
• r1t11 stands for Gesture 1 Rms value r5s-r5T11 =0.0150 e5s-e5T11=0.0159 st5s-s5T11=0.0089
r6s-r5T11 =-0.8214 e6s-e5T11=-17.4141 st6s-s5T11=-0.8191
for test subject no.11
r1s-r6T11 =-3.056 e1s-e6T11=-51.8596 st1s-s6T11=-3.045
r2s-r6T11 =-3.6261 e2s-e6T11=-59.4661 st2s-s6T11=3.7020
r3s-r6T11 =3.1161 e3s-e6T11=72.1083 st3s-s6T11=3.1230
r4s-r6T11 =3.0611 e4s-e6T11=70.6738 st4s-s6T11=3.0715
r5s-r6T11 =0.8364 e5s-e6T11=17.4383 st5s-s6T11=0.8380
r6s-r6T11 =0.0060 e6s-e6T11=0.0083 st6s-s6T11=0.1180
 r1s-r1T12 =0.0137 e1s-e1T12=0.404 st1s-s1T12=0.0233
r2s-r1T12 =-0.3564 e2s-e1T12=0.4339 st2s-s1T12=-0.5474
r3s-r1T12 =6.1858 e3s-e1T12=124.0083 st3s-s1T12=6.1961
r4s-r1T12=6.1308 e4s-e1T12=124.5738 st4s-s1T12=6.1411
Subject 12: r5s-r1T12 =3.9061
r6s-r1T12 =3.0697
e5s-e1T12=69.3383
e6s-e1T12=51.9083
st5s-s1T12=3.9076
st6s-s1T12=3.0796

r1s-r2T12 =0.5926 e1s-e2T12=7.6385 st1s-s2T12 =0.614

r2s-r2T12 =0.0225 e2s-e2T12=0.032 st2s-s2T12=0.0433
r3s-r2T12 =6.7647 e3s-e2T12=131.6064 st3s-s2T12=6.7868
r4s-r2T12 =6.7097 e4s-e2T12=130.1719 st4s-s2T12=6.7318
r5s-r2T12 =4.485 e5s-e2T12=76.9364 st5s-s2T12=4.4983
r6s-r2T12 =3.6486 e6s-e2T12=59.5064 st6s-s2T12=3.6703

r1s-r3T12 =-6.1539 e1s-e3T12=-123.9316 st1s-s3T12=-6.1364

r2s-r3T12 =-6.724 e2s-e3T12=-131.538 st2s-s3T12=-6.7064
r3s-r3T12 =0.0182 e3s-e3T12=0.0363 st3s-s3T12=0.0371
12G1 12G2 12G3 12G4 12G5 12G6 r4s-r3T12 =-0.0368 e4s-e3T12=-1.3982 st4s-s3T12=0.0114
r5s-r3T12 =-2.2615 e5s-e3T12=-54.6337 st5s-s3T12=-2.2121
r6s-r3T12 =-3.0979 e6s-e3T12=-72.0637 st6s-s3T12=-3.0401

r1s-r4T15 =-6.0889 e1s-e4T15=-122.5005 st1s-s4T15=-6.0964

Rms 6.9413 6.3624 13.1089 13.0439 10.8147 9.984 r2s-r4T15 =-6.659 e2s-e4T15=-130.107 st2s-s4T15=-6.6671
r3s-r4T15 =0.0832 e3s-e4T15=6.4674 st3s-s4T15=0.0764
r4s-r4T15 =0.0282 e4s-e4T15=0.0329 st4s-s4T15=0.0214
r5s-r4T15 =-2.1965 e5s-e4T15=-53.2026 st5s-s4T15=-2.2121
E 48.3417 40.7436 172.3137 170.8826 117.6423 100.2341 r6s-r4T15 =-3.0329 e6s-e4T15=-70.6326 st6s-s4T15=-3.0401

r1s-r5T12 =-3.8597 e1s-e5T12=-69.2602 st1s-s5T12=-3.8585

r2s-r5T12 =-4.4298 e2s-e5T12=-76.8667 st2s-s5T12=-4.4292
S 6.9324 6.3417 13.0941 13.0521 10.8142 9.9413 r3s-r5T12 =2.3124 e3s-e5T12=54.7077 st3s-s5T12=2.3143
r4s-r5T12 =2.2574 e4s-e5T12=53.2732 st4s-s5T12=2.2208
r5s-r5T12 =0.0327 e5s-e5T12=0.0377 st5s-s5T12=0.0258
r6s-r5T12 =-0.8027 e6s-e5T12=-17.3923 st6s-s5T12=-0.8022

r1s-r6T12 =-3.029 e1s-e6T12=-51.852 st1s-s6T12=-2.9856

r2s-r6T12 =-3.5991 e2s-e6T12=-59.4585 st2s-s6T12=3.5563
r3s-r6T12 =3.1431 e3s-e6T12=72.1159 st3s-s6T12=3.1872
r4s-r6T12 =3.0881 e4s-e6T12=70.6814 st4s-s6T12=3.1322
r5s-r6T12 =0.8634 e5s-e6T12=17.4459 st5s-s6T12=0.8987
r6s-r6T12 =0.027 e6s-e6T12=0.0159 st6s-s6T12=0.0707
 r1s-r1T13 =0.024 e1s-e1T13=0.0587 st1s-s1T13=0.0434
r2s-r1T13 =0.6137 e2s-e1T13=7.6608 st1s-s1T13=0.6343
r3s-r1T13 =-6.1393 e3s-e1T13=-123.9159 st1s-s1T13=-6.1255
r4s-r1T13 =-6.0698 e4s-e1T13=-122.4813 st1s-s1T13=-6.0866
Subject13: r5s-r1T13 =-3.8373 e5s-e1T13=-69.2416 st1s-s1T13=-3.8366
r6s-r1T13 =-2.921 e6s-e1T13=-51.8315 st1s-s1T13=
-2.9644

r1s-r2T13 =-0.5461 e1s-e1T13=-7.5478 st1s-s1T13=-0.546

r2s-r2T13 =0.0436 e2s-e1T13=0.0543 st2s-s1T13=0.0437
r3s-r2T13 =-6.7094 e3s-e1T13=-131.5224 st3s-s1T13=-6.7093
r4s-r2T13 =-6.6399 e4s-e1T13=-130.0878 st4s-s1T13=-6.6398
r5s-r2T13 =-4.4074 e5s-e1T13=-76.481 st5s-s1T13=-4.4073
r6s-r2T13 =-3.4911 e6s-e1T13=-59.438 st6s-s1T13=-3.491

r1s-r3T13 =6.34 e1s-e1T13=124.0266 st1s-s1T13=-6.1255

r2s-r3T13 =6.9294 e2s-e1T13=131.6287 st2s-s1T13=-6.6962
r3s-r3T13 =0.1767 e3s-e1T13=0.052 st3s-s1T13=0.0473
r4s-r3T13 =0.2462 e4s-e1T13=1.4866 st4s-s1T13=-0.0077
13G1 13G2 13G3 13G4 13G5 13G6 r5s-r3T13 =2.4787 e5s-e1T13=54.7263 st5s-s1T13=-2.2412
r6s-r3T13 =3.395 e6s-e1T13=72.1364 st6s-s1T13=-3.0692

r1s-r4T13 =6.1411 e1s-e1T13=122.5921 st1s-s1T13=-6.0866

Rms 6.9310 6.3413 13.0943 13.0248 10.7923 9.876 r2s-r4T13 =6.7508 e2s-e1T13=130.1942 st2s-s1T13=-6.6573
r3s-r4T13 =-0.0222 e3s-e1T13=-1.3825 st3s-s1T13=-0.0862
r4s-r4T13 =0.0473 e4s-e1T13=0.0521 st4s-s1T13=0.0312
e 48.3234 40.7213 172.2980 170.8934 117.6237 100.2136 r5s-r4T13 =2.2798 e5s-e1T13=53.2918 st5s-s1T13=-2.2023
r6s-r4T13 =3.1961 e6s-e1T13=70.7019 st6s-s1T13=-3.0303

r1s-r5T13 =3.9166 e1s-e1T13=69.3566 st1s-s1T13=-3.8366

s 6.9123 6.3214 13.0812 13.0423 10.7923 9.9201 r2s-r5T13 =4.5.63 e2s-e1T13=76.9587
st2s-s1T13=-4.4073
r3s-r5T13 =-2.2467 e3s-e1T13=-54.618 st3s-s1T13=2.3362
r4s-r5T13 =-2.17 e4s-e1T13=-53.1834 st4s-s1T13=2.2812
r5s-r5T13 =0.055 e5s-e1T13=0.0563 st5s-s1T13=0.0477
r6s-r5T13 =0.971 e6s-e1T13=17.4664 st6s-s1T13=-0.7803

r1s-r6T13 =3.08 e1s-e1T13=51.9266 st1s-s1T13=-2.9644

r2s-r6T13 =3.669 e2s-e1T13=59.5287 st2s-s1T13=-3.535
r3s-r6T13 =-3.083 e3s-e1T13=-72.048 st3s-s1T13=3.2084
r4s-r6T13 =-3.013 e4s-e1T13=-70.6134 st4s-s1T13=3.1534
r5s-r6T13 =-0.7813 e5s-e1T13=-70.3737 st5s-s1T13=0.9199
r6s-r6T13 =0.135 e6s-e1T13=0.0364 st6s-s1T13=0.0919
 r1s-r1T14= 0.0654 e1s-e1T14= 0.0807 st1s-s1T14= 0.0629
r2s-r1T14= -0.5447 e2s-e1T14= -7.5258 st2s-s1T14= 0.5078
r3s-r1T14= 6.1975 e3s-e1T14= 124.0486 st3s-s1T14= 6.2357
Subject14: r4s-r1T14= 6.1425 e4s-e1T14= 122.6141 st4s-s1T14= 6.1807
r5s-r1T14= 3.9178 e5s-e1T14= 69.3986 st5s-s1T14= 3.9472
r6s-r1T14= 3.0814 e6s-e1T14= 51.9486 st6s-s1T14= 3.1192

r1s-r2T14= 0.6536 e1s-e2T14= 7.6802 st1s-s2T14= 0.6473

r2s-r2T14= 0.0835 e2s-e2T14= 0.0737 st2s-s2T14= 0.0766
r3s-r2T14= 6.8257 e3s-e2T14= 131.6481 st3s-s2T14= 6.8201
r4s-r2T14= 6.7707 e4s-e2T14= 130.2136 st4s-s2T14=6.7651
r5s-r2T14= 4.546 e5s-e2T14= 76.9781 st5s-s2T14= 4.5316
r6s-r2T14= 3.7096 e6s-e2T14= 59.5481 st6s-s2T14= 3.7036

r1s-r3T14= -6.1174 e1s-e3T14= -123.8913 st1s-s3T14= -6.1156

r2s-r3T14= -6.6875 e2s-e3T14= -131.4978 st2s-s3T14= -6.6863
14 G1 14 G2 14 G3 14 G4 14 G5 14 G6 r3s-r3T14= 0.0547 e3s-e3T14= 0.0766 st3s-s3T14= 0.0572
r4s-r3T14= -0.0003 e4s-e3T14= -1.3579 st4s-s3T14= -0.0022
r5s-r3T14= -2.225 e5s-e3T14= -54.5930 st5s-s3T14= -2.2313
6.9296 6.3014 13.0724 13.0026 10.7742 9.7541 r6s-r3T14= -3.0614 e6s-e3T14= -72.0234 st6s-s3T14= -3.0593
RMS
r1s-r4T14= -6.9550 e1s-e4T14= -122.46 st1s-s4T14= -6.0754
r2s-r4T14= -6.6177 e2s-e4T14= -130.0664 st2s-s4T14= -6.6461
r3s-r4T14= 0.1245 e3s-e4T14= 1.5079 st3s-s4T14= 0.0974
E 48.30174 40.7019 172.2734 170.8421 117.6041 100.2094 r4s-r4T14= 0.0695 e4s-e4T14= 0.0734 st4s-s4T14= 0.0424
r5s-r4T14= -2.1552 e5s-e4T14= -53.1621 st5s-s4T14= -2.1911
r6s-r4T14= -2.9916 e6s-e4T14= -70.592 st6s-s4T14= -3.0191

6.8928 6.3084 13.0713 13.0311 10.7712 9.9037 r1s-r5T14= -3.8192 e1s-e5T14= -69.3027 st1s-s5T14= -3.8155
S r2s-r5T14= -4.3893 e2s-e5T14= -76.9022 st2s-s5T14= -4.3862
r3s-r5T14= 2.3529 e3s-e5T14= 54.745 st3s-s5T14= 2.3573
r4s-r5T14= 2.2979 e4s-e5T14= 53.3114 st4s-s5T14= 2.3023
r5s-r5T14= 0.0732 e5s-e5T14= 0.0759 st5s-s5T14= 0.0688
r6s-r5T14= -0.7632 e6s-e5T14= -17.354 st6s-s5T14= -0.7592

r1s-r6T14= -2.7991 e1s-e6T14= -51.8273 st1s-s6T14= -2.948

r2s-r6T14= -3.3692 e2s-e6T14= -59.4338 st2s-s6T14= -3.187
r3s-r6T14= 3.373 e3s-e6T14= 72.1406 st3s-s6T14= 3.2248
r4s-r6T14= 3.318 e4s-e6T14= 70.7061 st4s-s6T14= 3.1698
r5s-r6T14= 1.0933 e5s-e6T14= 17.4706 st5s-s6T14= 0.9363
r6s-r6T14= 0.2569 e6s-e6T14= 0.0406 st6s-s6T14= 0.1083
 r1s-r1T15 =0.0879 e1s-e1T15=0.0858 st1s-s1T15=0.0833
r2s-r1T15 =-0.4821 e2s-e1T15=-7.5207 st2s-s1T15=-0.4874
r3s-r1T15 =6.2614 e3s-e1T15=124.0537 st3s-s1T15=6.2561
r4s-r1T15=6.2064 e4s-e1T15=122.6192 st4s-s1T15=6.2011
Subject 15: r5s-r1T15 =3.9729
r6s-r1T15 =3.1449
e5s-e1T15=69.3837
e6s-e1T15=51.9537
st5s-s1T15=3.9676
st6s-s1T15=3.1396

r1s-r2T15 =0.06733 e1s-e2T15=7.6889 st1s-s2T15 =0.6616

r2s-r2T15 =0.1032 e2s-e2T15=0.0824 st2s-s2T15=0.0909
r3s-r2T15 =6.8454 e3s-e2T15=131.6568 st3s-s2T15=6.8344
r4s-r2T15 =6.7904 e4s-e2T15=130.2223 st4s-s2T15=6.7794
r5s-r2T15 =4.5657 e5s-e2T15=76.9868 st5s-s2T15=4.5459
r6s-r2T15 =3.7293 e6s-e2T15=59.5568 st6s-s2T15=3.7179

r1s-r3T15 =-6.0986 e1s-e3T15=-123.8615 st1s-s3T15=-6.1064

r2s-r3T15 =-6.6687 e2s-e3T15=-131.468 st2s-s3T15=-6.6441
r3s-r3T15 =0.0735 e3s-e3T15=0.1064 st3s-s3T15=0.0664
15G1 15G2 15G3 15G4 15G5 15G6 r4s-r3T15 =0.0185
r5s-r3T15 =-2.2062
e4s-e3T15=-1.3281
e5s-e3T15=-54.5636
st4s-s3T15=0.0114
st5s-s3T15=-2.2221
r6s-r3T15 =-3.0426 e6s-e3T15=-71.9936 st6s-s3T15=-3.0801

r1s-r4T15 =-5.979 e1s-e4T15=-122.4392 st1s-s4T15=-6.0644

Rms 6.8671 6.2817 13.0536 12.9934 10.7523 9.7320 r2s-r4T15 =-6.5491 e2s-e4T15=-166.0457 st2s-s4T15=-6.6351
r3s-r4T15 =0.1931 e3s-e4T15=1.5287 st3s-s4T15=0.1084
r4s-r4T15 =0.1381 e4s-e4T15=0.0942 st4s-s4T15=0.0534
r5s-r4T15 =-2.0866 e5s-e4T15=-53.2213 st5s-s4T15=-2.1801
E 48.2963 40.6932 172.2436 170.8213 117.5936 100.1936 r6s-r4T15 =-2.923 e6s-e4T15=-76.5713 st6s-s4T15=-3.0081

r1s-r5T15 =-3.7973 e1s-e5T15=-69.2115 st1s-s5T15=-3.7956

r2s-r5T15 =-4.3674 e2s-e5T15=-76.818 st2s-s5T15=-4.3663
S 6.8724 6.2941 13.0621 13.0201 10.7513 9.8921 r3s-r5T15 =2.3748 e3s-e5T15=54.7564 st3s-s5T15=2.3773
r4s-r5T15 =2.3198 e4s-e5T15=53.3219 st4s-s5T15=2.3222
r5s-r5T15 =0.0951 e5s-e5T15=0.0864 st5s-s5T15=0.0887
r6s-r5T15 =-0.7413 e6s-e5T15=-17.3436 st6s-s5T15=-0.7393

r1s-r6T15 =-2.777 e1s-e6T15=-51.8115 st1s-s6T15=-2.9364

r2s-r6T15 =-3.3471 e2s-e6T15=-59.418 st2s-s6T15=3.5071
r3s-r6T15 =3.3951 e3s-e6T15=72.1564 st3s-s6T15=3.2364
r4s-r6T15 =3.3401 e4s-e6T15=70.7219 st4s-s6T15=3.1814
r5s-r6T15 =1.115 e5s-e6T15=17.4864 st5s-s6T15=0.9479
r6s-r6T15 =0.279 e6s-e6T15=0.0564 st6s-s6T15=0.1199
 r1s-r1T16 =0.119 e1s-e1T16=0.2812 st1s-
s1T16=0.1001
r2s-r1T16 =-0.4582 e2s-e1T16=-7.3253 st2s-s1T16=0.4706
r3s-r1T16 =6.284 e3s-e1T16=124.2491 st3s-s1T16=6.2729
r4s-r1T16=6.229 e4s-e1T16=122.8146 st4s-s1T16=6.2179
Subject 16: r5s-r1T16 =4.0045
r6s-r1T16 =3.1679
e5s-e1T16=69.5791
e6s-e1T16=52.1491
st5s-s1T16=3.9884
st6s-s1T16=3.1564

r1s-r2T16 =0.684 e1s-e2T16=7.7011 st1s-s2T16 =0.6746

r2s-r2T16 =0.1139 e2s-e2T16=0.0946 st2s-s2T16=0.1039
r3s-r2T16 =6.8561 e3s-e2T16=131.669 st3s-s2T16=6.8474
r4s-r2T16 =6.8011 e4s-e2T16=130.2345 st4s-s2T16=6.7924
r5s-r2T16 =4.5766 e5s-e2T16=76.999 st5s-s2T16=4.5589
r6s-r2T16 =3.74 e6s-e2T16=59.569 st6s-s2T16=3.7309

r1s-r3T16 =-6.0453 e1s-e3T16=-123.8394 st1s-s3T16=-6.0774

r2s-r3T16 =-6.6211 e2s-e3T16=-131.4459 st2s-s3T16=-6.6481
r3s-r3T16 =0.1278 e3s-e3T16=0.1285 st3s-s3T16=0.0954
r4s-r3T16 =0.0718 e4s-e3T16=-1.306 st4s-s3T16=0.0404
16G1 16G2 16G3 16G4 16G5 16G6 r5s-r3T16 =-2.1527 e5s-e3T16=-54.5415 st5s-s3T16=-2.1931
r6s-r3T16 =-2.9893 e6s-e3T16=-71.9715 st6s-s3T16=-3.0211

Rms 6.8431 6.2710 13.0003 12.9601 12.7313 9.7103 r1s-r4T16 =-6.0051 e1s-e4T16=-122.4193 st1s-s4T16=-6.0458
r2s-r4T16 =-6.5752 e2s-e4T16=-130.0258 st2s-s4T16=-6.6165
r3s-r4T16 =0.167 e3s-e4T16=1.5486 st3s-s4T16=0.127
r4s-r4T16 =0.112 e4s-e4T16=0.1141 st4s-s4T16=0.072
e 48.1009 40.6810 172.2215 170.8014 117.5773 100.1711 r5s-r4T16 =-2.1125 e5s-e4T16=-53.1214 st5s-s4T16=-2.1615
r6s-r4T16 =-2.9491 e6s-e4T16=-70.5514 st6s-s4T16=-2.9895

r1s-r5T16 =-5.7763 e1s-e5T16=-69.1952 st1s-s5T16=-3.7753

s 6.8556 6.2811 13.0331 13.0016 10.7310 9.8812 r2s-r5T16 =-6.3464 e2s-e5T16=-76.8017 st2s-s5T16=-4.346
r3s-r5T16 =0.3958 e3s-e5T16=54.7727 st3s-s5T16=2.3975
r4s-r5T16 =0.3408 e4s-e5T16=53.3382 st4s-s5T16=2.3425
r5s-r5T16 =-1.8837 e5s-e5T16=0.1027 st5s-s5T16=0.109
r6s-r5T16 =-2.7303 e6s-e5T16=-17.3273 st6s-s5T16=-0.179

r1s-r6T16 =-2.7553 e1s-e6T16=-51.789 st1s-s6T16=-2.9255

r2s-r6T16 =-3.3254 e2s-e6T16=-59.3955 st2s-s6T16=3.4962
r3s-r6T16 =3.4168 e3s-e6T16=72.1789 st3s-s6T16=3.2473
r4s-r6T16 =3.3618 e4s-e6T16=70.7444 st4s-s6T16=3.1923
r5s-r6T16 =1.1373 e5s-e6T16=17.5089 st5s-s6T16=0.9588
r6s-r6T16 =0.3007 e6s-e6T16=0.0789 st6s-s6T16=0.1308
 r1s-r1T17 =0.1335 e1s-e1T17=0.2827 st1s-s1T17=0.1146
r2s-r1T17 =-0.4366 e2s-e1T17=-7.3238 st2s-s1T17=-0.4561
r3s-r1T17 =6.3056 e3s-e1T17=124.2506 st3s-s1T17=6.2874
r4s-r1T17=6.2506 e4s-e1T17=122.8161 st4s-s1T17=6.2324
Subject 17: r5s-r1T17 =4.0261 e5s-e1T17=69.5806 st5s-s1T17=3.9989
r6s-r1T17 =3.1895 e6s-e1T17=52.1506 st6s-s1T17=3.1709

r1s-r2T17 =0.6985 e1s-e2T17=7.7406 st1s-s2T17 =0.6891

r2s-r2T17 =0.1284 e2s-e2T17=8.1356 st2s-s2T17=0.1184
r3s-r2T17 =6.8706 e3s-e2T17=131.7085 st3s-s2T17=6.8619
r4s-r2T17 =6.8156 e4s-e2T17=130.274 st4s-s2T17=6.8069
r5s-r2T17 =4.5911 e5s-e2T17=77.0385 st5s-s2T17=4.5734
r6s-r2T17 =3.7545 e6s-e2T17=59.6085 st6s-s2T17=3.7454

r1s-r3T17 =-6.036 e1s-e3T17=-123.8192 st1s-s3T17=-6.0662

r2s-r3T17 =-6.6061 e2s-e3T17=-131.4257 st2s-s3T17=-6.6369
r3s-r3T17 =0.1361 e3s-e3T17=0.1487 st3s-s3T17=0.1066
r4s-r3T17 =0.0811 e4s-e3T17=-1.2858 st4s-s3T17=0.0516
17G1 17G2 17G3 17G4 17G5 17G6 r5s-r3T17 =-2.1434
r6s-r3T17 =-2.98
e5s-e3T17=-54.5213
e6s-e3T17=-71.9513
st5s-s3T17=-2.1819
st6s-s3T17=-3.0099

r1s-r4T17 =-5.9864 e1s-e4T17=-122.4172 st1s-s4T17=-6.0394

6.8215 6.2565 12.991 12.9414 12.7201 9.6994 r2s-r4T17 =-6.5565 e2s-e4T17=-130.0237 st2s-s4T17=-6.6101
Rms r3s-r4T17 =0.1857 e3s-e4T17=1.5507 st3s-s4T17=0.1334
r4s-r4T17 =0.1307 e4s-e4T17=0.1162 st4s-s4T17=0.0784
r5s-r4T17 =-2.0938 e5s-e4T17=-53.1193 st5s-s4T17=-2.1551
48.0994 32.64 172.2013 170.7993 117.5510 100.1551 r6s-r4T17 =-2.9304 e6s-e4T17=-70.5493 st6s-s4T17=-0.707
E
r1s-r5T17 =-5.7651 e1s-e5T17=-69.1689 st1s-s5T17=-3.7633
r2s-r5T17 =-6.3352 e2s-e5T17=-76.7754 st2s-s5T17=-4.334
S 6.8411 6.2666 13.0219 12.9951 10.7190 9.8672 r3s-r5T17 =0.407 e3s-e5T17=54.799 st3s-s5T17=2.4095
r4s-r5T17 =0.352 e4s-e5T17=53.3645 st4s-s5T17=2.3545
r5s-r5T17 =-1.8725 e5s-e5T17=0.129 st5s-s5T17=0.121
r6s-r5T17 =-2.9304 e6s-e5T17=-17.301 st6s-s5T17=-0.707

r1s-r6T17 =-2.7444 e1s-e6T17=-51.773 st1s-s6T17=-2.9115

r2s-r6T17 =-3.3145 e2s-e6T17=-59.3795 st2s-s6T17=-3.4822
r3s-r6T17 =3.4277 e3s-e6T17=72.1949 st3s-s6T17=3.2613
r4s-r6T17 =3.3727 e4s-e6T17=70.7604 st4s-s6T17=3.2063
r5s-r6T17 =1.1482 e5s-e6T17=17.5249 st5s-s6T17=0.9728
r6s-r6T17 =0.3116 e6s-e6T17=0.0949 st6s-s6T17=0.1448
 r1s-r1T18 =0.1595 e1s-e1T18=0.3142 st1s-s1T18=0.1266
r2s-r1T18 =-0.4106 e2s-e1T18=-7.2923 st2s-s1T18=-0.4441
r3s-r1T18 =6.3316 e3s-e1T18=124.2821 st3s-s1T18=6.2994
r4s-r1T18=6.2766 e4s-e1T18=122.8476 st4s-s1T18=6.2444
Subject 18: r5s-r1T18 =4.0521 e5s-e1T18=69.6121 st5s-s1T18=4.0109
r6s-r1T18 =3.0555 e6s-e1T18=52.1821 st6s-s1T18=3.1829

r1s-r2T18 =0.7131 e1s-e2T18=7.761 st1s-s2T18 =0.7086

r2s-r2T18 =0.143 e2s-e2T18=0.1545 st2s-s2T18=0.1379
r3s-r2T18 =6.8852 e3s-e2T18=123.7289 st3s-s2T18=6.8814
r4s-r2T18 =6.8302 e4s-e2T18=130.2944 st4s-s2T18=6.8264
r5s-r2T18 =4.6057 e5s-e2T18=77.0589 st5s-s2T18=4.5929
r6s-r2T18 =3.7691 e6s-e2T18=59.6289 st6s-s2T18=3.7649

r1s-r3T18 =-5.876 e1s-e3T18=-123.8092 st1s-s3T18=-6.0445

r2s-r3T18 =-6.4461 e2s-e3T18=-131.4157 st2s-s3T18=-6.6152
r3s-r3T18 =0.2461 e3s-e3T18=0.1587 st3s-s3T18=0.1283
r4s-r3T18 =0.2911 e4s-e3T18=-1.2758 st4s-s3T18=0.0733
18G1 18G2 18G3 18G4 18G5 18G6 r5s-r3T18 =-1.9834
r6s-r3T18 =-2.82
e5s-e3T18=-54.5113
e6s-e3T18=-71.9413
st5s-s3T18=-2.1602
st6s-s3T18=-2.9882

r1s-r4T18 =-5.9749 e1s-e4T18=-122.399 st1s-s4T18=-6.0153

r2s-r4T18 =-6.555 e2s-e4T18=-130.6055 st2s-s4T18=-6.586
Rms 6.7955 6.2419 12.831 12.9299 12.9956 9.6800 r3s-r4T18 =0.1972 e3s-e4T18=1.5689 st3s-s4T18=0.1575
r4s-r4T18 =0.1422 e4s-e4T18=0.1344 st4s-s4T18=0.1025
r5s-r4T18 =-2.0823 e5s-e4T18=-53.7011 st5s-s4T18=-2.131
r6s-r4T18 =-2.9189 e6s-e4T18=-70.5311 st6s-s4T18=-2.959
E 48.0679 40.6211 172.1913 170.7811 117.5391 100.1212
r1s-r5T18 =-6.0406 e1s-e5T18=-69.157 st1s-s5T18=-3.7344
r2s-r5T18 =-6.6107 e2s-e5T18=-76.7635 st2s-s5T18=-4.3051
r3s-r5T18 =0.1315 e3s-e5T18=51.8109 st3s-s5T18=2.4384
S 6.8291 6.2471 13.00032 12.9710 10.6901 9.8585
r4s-r5T18 =0.0765 e4s-e5T18=53.3764 st4s-s5T18=2.3834
r5s-r5T18 =-2.148 e5s-e5T18=0.1409 st5s-s5T18=0.1499
r6s-r5T18 =-2.9846 e6s-e5T18=-17.2891 st6s-s5T18=-0.6781

r1s-r6T18 =-2.725 e1s-e6T18=-51.7391 st1s-s6T18=-2.9028

r2s-r6T18 =-3.2951 e2s-e6T18=-59.3456 st2s-s6T18=-3.4735
r3s-r6T18 =3.4471 e3s-e6T18=72.2288 st3s-s6T18=3.27
r4s-r6T18 =3.3921 e4s-e6T18=70.7934 st4s-s6T18=3.215
r5s-r6T18 =-1.8324 e5s-e6T18=17.5588 st5s-s6T18=0.9815
r6s-r6T18 =0.331 e6s-e6T18=0.1288 st6s-s6T18=0.1535
 r1s-r1T19= 0.2037 e1s-e1T19= 0.339 st1s-s1T19= 0.1496
r2s-r1T19= -0.3664 e2s-e1T19= -7.2675 st2s-s1T19=
-0.4211
r3s-r1T19= 6.3758 e3s-e1T19= 124.3069 st3s-s1T19= 6.3224
r4s-r1T19= 6.3208 e4s-e1T19= 122.8724 st4s-s1T19= 6.2674
Subject 19: r5s-r1T19=4.0963 e5s-e1T19= 69.6369 st5s-s1T19= 4.0339
r6s-r1T19= 3.2597 e6s-e1T19= 52.2069 st6s-s1T19= 3.2059

r1s-r2T19= 0.765 e1s-e2T19= 7.7808 st1s-s2T19= 0.7336

r2s-r2T19= 0.1949 e2s-e2T19= 0.1743 st2s-s2T19= 0.1629
r3s-r2T19= 6.9371 e3s-e2T19= 131.7487 st3s-s2T19= 6.9064
r4s-r2T19= 6.8821 e4s-e2T19= 130.3142 st4s-s2T19=6.8514
r5s-r2T19= 4.6576 e5s-e2T19= 77.0787 st5s-s2T19= 4.6179

r6s-r2T19= 3.8210 e6s-e2T19= 59.6487 st6s-s2T19= 3.7899

r1s-r3T19= -5.715 e1s-e3T19= -123.7992 st1s-s3T19= -6.0355

r2s-r3T19= -6.2851 e2s-e3T19= -131.3957 st2s-s3T19= -6.6062
r 3s-r3T19= 0.4571 e3s-e3T19= 0.1787 st3s-s3T19= 0.1373
r4s-r3T19= 0.4021 e4s-e3T19= -1.2558 st4s-s3T19= -0.0823
19 G1 19 G2 19 G3 19 G4 19G5 19 G6 r5s-r3T19= -1.8224
r6s-r3T19= -2.659
e5s-e3T19= -54.4913
e6s-e3T19= -71.9213
st5s-s3T19= -2.1512
st6s-s3T19= -2.9792

r1s-r4T19= -5.9401 e1s-e4T19= -122.379 st1s-s4T19= -5.9962

r2s-r4T19= -6.5102 e2s-e4T19= -129.9905 st2s-s4T19= -6.5669
RMS 6.7513 6.1900 12.670 12.9875 12.9615 9.6709 r3s-r4T19= 0.2320 e3s-e4T19= 1.5839 st3s-s4T19= 0.1766
r4s-r4T19= 0.1770 e4s-e4T19= 0.1544 st4s-s4T19= 0.1216
r5s-r4T19= -2.0475 e5s-e4T19= -53.0861 st5s-s4T19= -2.1119
48.0431 48.6013 172.1713 170.7661 117.5201 99.9811 r6s-r4T19= -2.8841 e6s-e4T19= -70.5161 st6s-s4T19= -2.9399
E
r1s-r5T19= -6.0065 e1s-e5T19= -69.138 st1s-s5T19= -5.7215
r2s-r5T19= -6.5766 e2s-e5T19= -76.7445 st2s-s5T19= -4.2922
6.8061 6.2221 12.9912 12.9519 10.6772 9.8333 r3s-r5T19= 0.1656 e3s-e5T19= 54.8299 st3s-s5T19= 2.4513
S r4s-r5T19= 0.1106 e4s-e5T19= 53.3954 st4s-s5T19= 2.3963
r5s-r5T19= -2.1139 e5s-e5T19= 0.1599 st5s-s5T19= 0.1628
r6s-r5T19= -2.9505 e6s-e5T19= -17.2701 st6s-s5T19= -0.6652

r1s-r6T19= -2.7189 e1s-e6T19= -51.599 st1s-s6T19= -2.8776

r2s-r6T19= -3.286 e2s-e6T19= -59.2055 st2s-s6T19= -3.4483
r3s-r6T19= 0.4562 e3s-e6T19= 72.3689 st3s-s6T19= 3.2952
r4s-r6T19= 3.4012 e4s-e6T19= 70.9344 st4s-s6T19= 3.2402
r5s-r6T19= 1.1767 e5s-e6T19= 17.6989 st5s-s6T19= 1.0061
r6s-r6T19= 0.3401 e6s-e6T19= 0.2689 st6s-s6T19= 0.1787
 r1s-r1T20= 0.234 e1s-e1T20= 0.3697 st1s-s1T20= 0.1601
r2s-r1T20= -0.3361 e2s-e1T20= -7.2458 st2s-s1T20= -0.106
r3s-r1T20= 6.4061 e3s-e1T20= 124.3286 st3s-s1T20= 6.3229
r4s-r1T20= 6.3511 e4s-e1T20= 122.8421 st4s-s1T20= 6.2779
Subject 20: r5s-r1T20=4.1266 e5s-e1T20= 69.6214 st5s-s1T20= 4.0444
r6s-r1T20= 3.29 e6s-e1T20= 52.2286 st6s-s1T20= 3.2164

r1s-r2T20= 0.7651 e1s-e2T20= 7.7911 st1s-s2T20= 0.7538

r2s-r2T20= 0.195 e2s-e2T20= 0.1846 st2s-s2T20= 0.1831
r3s-r2T20= 6.9372 e3s-e2T20= 131.759 st3s-s2T20= 6.9266
r4s-r2T20= 6.8828 e4s-e2T20= 130.3245 st4s-s2T20=6.8716
r5s-r2T20= 4.6577 e5s-e2T20= 77.089 st5s-s2T20= 4.6381
r6s-r2T20= 3.8211 e6s-e2T20= 59.659 st6s-s2T20= 3.8101

r1s-r3T20= -5.36 e1s-e3T20= -123.7698 st1s-s3T20= -6.0244

r2s-r3T20= -5.9309 e2s-e3T20= -131.3376 st2s-s3T20= -6.5951
r3s-r3T20= 0.8011 e3s-e3T20= 0.1981 st3s-s3T20= 0.1484
r4s-r3T20= 0.7571 e4s-e3T20= -1.2364 st4s-s3T20= 0.0934
20 G1 20 G2 20 G3 20 G4 20 G5 20 G6 r5s-r3T20= -1.4674
r6s-r3T20= -2.8503
e5s-e3T20= -54.4719
e6s-e3T20= -71.9019
st5s-s3T20= -2.1401
st6s-s3T20= -2.9681

r1s-r4T20= -5.9063 e1s-e4T20= -122.3589 st1s-s4T20= -5.76

6.7210 6.1899 12.315 12.8613 12.9400 9.6310 r2s-r4T20= -6.4764 e2s-e4T20= -129.9645 st2s-s4T20= -6.5467
Rms r3s-r4T20= 0.2658 e3s-e4T20= 1.609 st3s-s4T20= 0.1968
r4s-r4T20= 0.2108 e4s-e4T20= 0.1745 st4s-s4T20= 0.1418
r5s-r4T20= -2.0137 e5s-e4T20= -53.061 st5s-s4T20= -2.0417
48.0214 40.5910 172.1519 170.7410 117.500 70.7812 r6s-r4T20= -2.929 e6s-e4T20= -70.491 st6s-s4T20= -2.9197
E
r1s-r5T20= -5.9985 e1s-e5T20= -69.1179 st1s-s5T20= -307002
r2s-r5T20= -6.5551 e2s-e5T20= -76.7244 st2s-s5T20= -4.2709
r3s-r5T20= 0.1871 e3s-e5T20= 54.85 st3s-s5T20= 2.4729
S 6.7956 6.2019 12.9801 12.9317 10.6559 9.8100
r4s-r5T20= 0.1321 e4s-e5T20= 53.4155 st4s-s5T20= 2.4176
r5s-r5T20= -2.0921 e5s-e5T20= 0.18 st5s-s5T20= 0.1841
r6s-r5T20= -2.62 e6s-e5T20= -17.25 st6s-s5T20= -0.6439

r1s-r6T20= -2.676 e1s-e6T20= -51.5791 st1s-s6T20= -2.8543

r2s-r6T20= -3.246 e2s-e6T20= -59.1856 st2s-s6T20= -3.425
r3s-r6T20= 3.496 e3s-e6T20= 72.3888 st3s-s6T20= 3.3185
r4s-r6T20= 3.4411 e4s-e6T20= 70.9543 st4s-s6T20= 3.2635
r5s-r6T20= 1.2166 e5s-e6T20= 17.7188 st5s-s6T20= 1.029
r6s-r6T20= 0.38 e6s-e6T20= 29.4688 st6s-s6T20= 0.202
 clc;
 a = load('KMGKS1LL.RF.01.emg.mat');%load retrieves all variables from a file.

 a

 plot(RF);title('original signal RF');

 b = mean(RF);%finds the mean of a vector RF.

 b

 n = length(RF);

 n

 rms = norm(RF)/sqrt(n);%norm (x)=Sqrt(x1^2+x2^2+.....xN^2).

 rms

 %d = entropy(RF);

 %d

 %if x={x1,x2,.....xn} r the samples then the variance is

 %var(x)=[(x1-mean(x))^2+(x2-mean(x)))^2+.......(xn-mean(x))^2]/(n-1).
 e = var(RF);

 e

 s = std(RF);%standerd deviation is std(x)=sqrt(var(x)).

 s

 %WFILTERS are Wavelet filters compute 4 filters.

 %db9 is the wavelet name.
 [Lo_D,Hi_D,Lo_R,Hi_R] = wfilters('db9');

 %DWT-Single-level discrete 1-D wavelet transform.

 [CA,CD] = DWT(RF,Lo_D,Hi_D);
Pin diagram
PIC16F73 DEVICE FEATURES
PIC16F73 BLOCK
DIAGRAM