EICHER TRACTORS, MANDIDEEP

(A unit of TAFE MOTORS AND TRACTORS LTD.)

TRAINING REPORT

ON
5150 POWER STEERING

Training Duration: 05july2010 to 04 August2010

Training Co-ordinator Submitted by:

Mr. RANJIT KUMAR SINHA VIKASH KUMAR
V.D ENROLLMENT
NO:0104ME071111

Department of Mechanical Engineering

RKDF INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, BHOPAL
 -2-

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the training entitled is an authentic record of my own work,
carried out at EICHER TRACTORS as requirement of 30 days major training for the
award of degree of B.E. (Mechanical Engineering), RKDF institute of technology and
science, RGPV University, Bhopal, under the guidance of Mr. Ranjit Kumar Sinha during
JULY 2010.

(Signature of student)

Vikash kumar

0104ME071111

Date: ___________________

Certified that the above statement made by the student is correct to the best of our
knowledge and belief.

RANJIT KUMAR SINHA

VENDOR DEVLOPMENT
 -3-

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I have learned a lot through this 30 days major training journey. Eicher tractors have
proven to be so much fruitful and knowledgeable that it will help shape my career in
future with least problems.
I am grateful to Mr. Ranjit Sinha sir under whom I have been working in Eicher tractors.
He gave me every opportunity to participate independently and freely in various
projects and provided me with much useful recommendations and assistance. I was
highly impressed with the way he use to keep hold of works going on in the department
and the way he used his leadership qualities. Moreover his practical approach toward
the works and his management qualities is something which makes him unique.
He is mainly responsible for all the development going on in the company in matters of
big projects such as 55 hp tractors. I really liked the way he negotiates with the
supervisors for the projects. The way he impresses the person is absolutely different
from a normal person.
Their policies were very nice and taught me many things which is very much helpful for
shaping my future.
 -4-

CONTENTS:

 SUMMARY
 TAFE PROFILE
INTRODUCTION
TECHNICAL TIE UP
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
SALES & SERVICE NETWORK
FINANCIAL STATUS:
EICHER MARKETING
EICHER WORK FORCE AND POLICY
 EICHER SALES
VARIOUS MODELS:
AN OVER LOOK INTO THE SYSTEM OF EICHER TRACTORS
 EICHER TRACTORS ENGINEERING CENTER
 FINANCE AND ACCOUNTS DEPARTMENT
 SALES AND MARKETING DEPARTMENT
 MATERIALS/VENDOR DEVELOPMENT
 STORES DEPARTMENT
 QUALITY ASSURANCE DEPARTMENT.
 PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
 MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENT
 ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
 SERVICES
 HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
 -5-

TAFE PROFILE

Introduction

Tractors and Farm Equipment Limited (TAFE) is a unit company of the Amalgamations
group, one of India's largest light engineering groups with diverse interests in diesel engines,
automobile components, tractors and related farm machinery, lubricants, panel
instruments, hydraulic pumps, engineering tools, storage batteries, paints, engineering
plastics, automobile franchises and printing apart from interests in agribusiness, book selling
and publishing. The group's leadership technology, built on foreign know how has been
nurtured through indigenous efforts.

TAFE was established in 1961 to manufacture and market a range of Massey Ferguson
tractors and related farm equipment in India. One of the largest tractor manufacturers in
India, TAFE's vision is to be the first choice of customers in India and to also move towards a
growing presence in the international markets. TAFE has collaboration with AGCO
Corporation, headquartered in Duluth, Georgia, which is one of the largest manufacturers,
designers and distributors of agricultural equipment in the world. Its products are sold in
more than 140 countries. With a network of more than 500 dealers, branches, service
outlets as well as its own sales offices and depots covering the entire width and breadth of
India, TAFE is committed to providing complete farming solutions to its customers and
empowering them to work towards increased farm productivity, prosperity and profits.

Tractors and Farm Equipment Limited (TAFE), has been a pioneer in the mechanization of
the Indian farms. Beginning with the popularizing of tractors in agriculture in the early
60s, TAFE has many firsts to its credit. TAFE was the first company to market a total
package of Tractors and farm equipment to not only provides farm power but also
interfaces to transform the farm power to increased farm productivity. TAFE was also the
 -6-

first to introduce the Direct Injection technology in India, thereby initiating considerable
fuel saving and the resulting economies in tractor operations cost to its customers.

TAFE was also the first Indian manufacturer to launch a 75 HP tractor to cater to the
emerging needs of very large farms and agri-businesses. With three manufacturing
locations at Chennai (Sembiam), Madurai (Kallidaipatti) and Bangalore (Doddaballapur),
TAFE has a large manufacturing base. Its Madurai plant, the latest and possibly the largest
such plant in the country is specially tailored to take on short run production batches to
the exacting standards demanded by advanced countries. All its plants and sales offices
are linked by VSAT links providing fast and efficient communications and data linkage
another first of its kind in India.
Tractors and Farm Equipment Limited (TAFE), is also involved in the following areas, apart
from its core business of manufacturing and marketing tractors.

• TAFE has developed a range of matching trailers, implements and accessories. These are
marketed through TAFE's dealer network by a totally owned subsidiary,
• TAFE, through TAL is also involved in the marketing and distribution of lubricants and
greases for tractors through its dealer network.
• TAFE is also involved in the packaged power industry through its Power Source Division.
• TAFE has in-house facilities for the manufacture of hydraulic pumps and gears for tractors. A
related facility for the manufacture of panel instruments, not only for captive use but also
for the growing automobile industry in India is an integral part of the company.
• TAFE has also diversified into Engineering plastics and production of tools and dies for this
industry.
• TAFE's vision of being the customer's first choice on offering to the customer’s quality
products engineered to perfection using technology that is contemporary and relevant to the
market it serves. This approach to quality as being inherent to its existence has obtained for
TAFE certification under ISO 9002. Recently, TAFE has also been recommended for ISO
9001:2000 certifications. The quality movement permeates through out the organization and
is apparent from the various laurels won by quality circles from the company in national and
international arenas.
 -7-

• TAFE's vision is not just wishful thinking but based on recognized engineering, marketing
and financial strengths, built up over the past four decades. In all that it does, TAFE pursues
excellence.

To achieve the distinction of the first choice among the farming community of India and
ensure a growing presence in international markets through setting leadership standards of
performance and customer care in the agricultural machinery business.

"To us in TAFE, excellence is not some thing that we engineer, input or inspect into our
products. It is an innate desire that inspires our hearts at work and at home and ripples out
into the world around us. "

TAKE OVER EICHER TRACTORS: BIGGEST IN TRACTOR INDUSTRY

The Chennai based tractor major, Tractors and Farm Equipment Limited has been taking over
of Eicher’s tractor division near Bhopal, engine division at Alwar and gears division at
Parwanoo, in the biggest such acquisition in the history of the Indian tractor industry. TAFE,
already the second largest manufacturer of tractors in India, with this approval, comes within
striking distance of market dominance in the domestic tractor industry.

Speaking at a media meet, TAFE’s Director, Mrs. Mallika Srinivasan said, “This move was a
well-deliberated strategic move on our part. This acquisition will provide strong synergies of
growth in the future to help achieve market dominance”.

‘Tafe motors and tractor limited’ company’s director Mrs. Mallika Srinivasan decided to
take over Eicher tractors. She went on to add “TAFE has long held a significant presence
in the 30-40 HP segment and the Eicher brand holds substantial market shares in the
below 30 HP segment.

The respective brands have a strong brand presence and equity in the customers’ minds.
This coming together of the brands with strengths in individual segment forms a perfect
fit to take on the tractor market which is currently on an upswing. It is in this scenario
that this coming together of two major brands in the industry becomes highly significant.
This also represents a giant leap for us in our vision to become the farmers’ first choice”.
 -8-

With this acquisition, TAFE’s combined market share is 22 per cent and a combined
volume of about 53,000 tractors. TAFE already has large number of products and variants
to suit the changing demand patterns of tractor customers across the country. With the
addition of the portfolio of products offered under the Eicher Brand, this new venture will
offer to its customers the best in terms of product range, value for money, quality, and
innovation in design and assured post sales product support. The move will also result in
TAFE having a combined distribution network of over 2000 dealers, branches, service and
parts outlets and customer contact points which is the largest in the industry.

TAFE and Eicher tractors will retain their individually strong identities at the brand level
and distribution level. The potential synergies of growth made possible by this move will
translate into positive benefits to the employees, vendors and dealers and provide them
ample growth opportunities. With its major focus being on the tractor business, TAFE
aspires to be the number one player in the domestic market and the growing presence in
the international market. TAFE buys Eicher's tractor,

engine & gear businesses for Rs 310 crore. The Eicher Motors board has cleared the sale
of the company’s tractor, engine and gear businesses to Tractors and Farm Equipment’s,
TAFE, for Rs 310 crore. TAFE will purchase the Eicher facilities through an SPV called
TAFE Motors & Tractors.

The SPV, a 100% subsidiary of TAFE, will run the Eicher tractor unit and the gear & engine
businesses as a separate entity with separate brand identity but operational financial
control. The acquisition would improve TAFE’s geographical spread across markets like MP,
UP and Bihar where Eicher is strong — alongside Rajasthan, Gujarat, AP and Karnataka
where TAFE or stable mate Massey Ferguson are strong.

"In fact, the board of directors of EML granted approval for the sale on a going concern
basis of the tractors, engines and gears divisions of the company at Manideep, Alwar and
Parwanoo to TAFE Motors and Tractors for a total consideration of Rs. 310 crore," With the
acquisition of the Eicher unit, Tafe — the second largest manufacturer of tractors in India
— will eye market dominance. According to industry data available for the April-December
2004, Tafe registered sales of 24,191 units, while Eicher sold 13,670 tractors.
 -9-

Brief description of the units of this take over is as follows:

Eicher Tractors
 Pioneer Manufacturer in India since 1960.
 Technology from GEBR Eicher, Germany & Valtra, Finland.
 Over 3, 50,000 satisfied owners.
 Market leader in <30 HP segment.
 First Tractor Company to produce Air cooled as well as water cooled tractors.
 Current range 24, 30, 35, 42, 51 & 61 HP - Annual capacity is over 35,000 numbers.
 Two manufacturing plants – Faridabad and Bhopal
 51, 61 and 70 HP-New products under introduction.
 Exported to Europe, U.S.A., Africa & South Asia.
 First Indian company to be awarded with ISO 9001 certificate
Fully integrated R&D Center

Eicher Demm
 QS 9000, ISO 14000 & ISO 9002 certified facilities.
 Two manufacturing units – Thane and Parwanoo
 Manufactures a wide range comprising:
 Spur Bevel & Helical Gears
 Crown Wheel Pinion
 Transmission Shift & Rear Axle Gears
 Caters to OEM & Replacement Market.
 Exports to Europe, Asia & US.

Eicher Engines

 Manufacturers of automotive and stationery engines from 22HP to 42 HP

 Genets from 12.5KVA to 30 KVS

Eicher Tractors
Eicher Tractors is one of the newly added in the companies of the TMTL Group. Tractor
operations are divided in Bhopal and Faridabad manufacturing facilities, Eicher Tractors
Engineering (R&D unit) and Marketing functions. Mr. R. C. Banka is Chief Operating
Officer of the Tractor Business Unit.
 - 10 -

TECHNICAL TIE UP

 Technology transfer from Ricardo of UK for developing air-cooled engines

 Technology transfer from SISU (VELMET) Finland, for higher horsepower tractors.

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT

Comprehensive facilities for development of new tractor models including diesel engines.
Facilities at ETE include - State of art Design officers with fully networked CAD / CAE
environment, own Prototype / Tooling manufacturing facilities. Various Labs for Design
verification, Field Simulation, Product Testing and validation and Information Center
with facilities of Technical Library, Internet and Archives.

EXPORT - U.K., SRI LANKA, BANGLADESH, NIGERIA and NEPAL.

SALES & SERVICE NETWORK

Gears are sold through a network of 16 distributors each having over 250 stockiest and
retailers mainly entering to the replacement market. Company depots are located at
Calcutta, Madras, Vijayawada, Bangalore, Ahmadabad, Indore and Delhi for supplying to
distributors.

FINANCIAL STATUS:
EICHER TRACTORS had a turnover of 550 Crores in the last financial year which ended in
05. But for this financial year the proposed turnover is 750 Crores for EICHER Tractors.

EICHER MARKETING
The tractor operations are located at Bhopal plant. The combined production
capacity is about 25000 tractors per annum. Eicher tractors manufacture and markets
tractors from 24 HP to 50 HP range. Company has its own distribution network in most
agrarian states and has 350 dealers. Marketing network is spread across the country and
there are 35 area offices in smaller cities of the country. Eicher offers 2 years warranty
on the tractors against any type of manufacturing defect & efforts are made to upgrade
the service network by providing doorstep service to the farmers.
 - 11 -

The Marketing team consists of 26 executives and staff members. The group shall strive
to become truly global in its operations.
Global does not merely mean exporting our products. It means being present in all
relevant parts of the world for each product as seller and wherever practical &
economical as manufacturer.
It requires that we start thinking globally from now on while making any
important decision. It necessary assumes that global competitiveness, sound financial
health, customer orientation, superior technology, global brand recognition,
outstanding employee motivation, as well as several other vital skills and attributes. It
should result in rapid growth, both domestically and internationally.

EICHER WORK FORCE AND POLICY

The company gives high thrust to its employees, which are encouraged to
acquire knowledge in their work area and are given ample freedom. There are about
1100 employees in Eicher Tractors. There are 100 executives, 350 staff and 550
operators in the company. Eicher offers equal opportunities to learn, perform and
grow to all employees. Employees are encouraged to acquire knowledge are
permitted for job diversity within organized units of work. Specific care is exercised
for ensuring safety and health of the employees including contract employees.

TECHNOLOGY IN EICHER

Eicher has state of art R&D center at Bhopal facility, which has Pro/E, Adams, Hyper
mesh work stations, simulation rigs, mechanical test beds and mock shop for developing
new products. The manufacturing plants have very good paint shops and assembly lines,
Co-ordinate Measurement Machines and conveyers for various product lines. These
plants are very flexible to roll out any of 68 variants within a short time as low as one
week after putting an order of customized tractor. Eicher puts a lot of emphasis on
technology up gradation of its service network as well. Company uses IT as a business
excellence enabler and its home portal EPIC is widely used for all in-house daily
 - 12 -

management processes of information sharing, leave planning, performance appraisal

and progress tracking etc . ERP package of SAP was established in 1999, which helps
smooth transactions in supply chain management processes from supplier raw material
planning to tractor delivery at sales outlets and demand forecasting.

EICHER SALES

Key customer groups of Eicher Tractors have typically included the small land holding
farmer, which wanted a small tractor in past 3 decades. The company has changed its
perception now and offers tractors from smaller 24 HP to premium segment of Valtra .
The selling price of the products varies from Rs 2 lacs to 5.5 lacs depending upon the
specifications. Today 50 % revenue comes from higher horsepower models. Customers
specifically for the low cost of maintenance like Eicher’s tractors as Eicher’s tractors
consume minimum fuel in Indian farming and driving conditions.

EICHER SALES AND SERVICES

Eicher Tractors Bhopal being basically tractor assembly operations, most items except a
few critical engine parts are bought from out side suppliers to design made by Eicher.
The heavy dependence on bought out items puts a very high focus on the supplier
quality management processes, which we will discuss in detail later. Suppliers play a
valuable role in the value creation process and Eicher R&D takes suppliers input on cost
as well as manufacturability of new designs from the suppliers in concurrent
engineering environment.

Eicher has a strong supplier and customer relationship and communication mechanism.
Suppliers can access the ERP system on line and can get knowledge of their inventory
levels, production schedule adherence and tentative future production levels apart
from quality inspection status and bill payment processes. Customers have access to 24-
 - 13 -

hour help line and special service desks spread across India to serve them better.
Customer is assured of getting the tractor attended within 6 hours of his complaint.
Company is also making some channel partners such as ITC & other grain buying houses,
Fertilizer & Pesticides companies to enhance bonding with the customers and to
increase loyalty towards Eicher.

VARIOUS MODELS:

241 XTRAC:

Engine
Make & Model Eicher
HP Range 24
Type 4 Stroke Air cooled
Cylinders 1
Bore/Stroke (mm) 115 / 150
Cubic Capacity (cc) 1557
Max engine torque kgm 10.5
Back up torque% Oil Bath Type 22
 - 14 -

Transmission
Type Sliding Mesh
Clutch Type dry, single plate
Gear Box 5 Forward & 1 Reverse Speeds
Rated PTO 495

Hydraulics
Type Automatic depth & draft control
Lifting Capacity at hitch point (kgf) 800(+/- 100)
Hydraulic pump gear driven

Electrical
Battery 12 V
Alternator 12 V

Tractor
Fuel Tank Capacity 35
Tyre size front 6.00x16, rear 12.4x28
Weight kg 1675
Wheel base mm 1885
Ground Clearence mm 375
Type of steering Mechanical

Features:
- Fuel efficient engine
- Highest towing capacity in its class
- Best output in field in its class
- Strong Gear box for longer life
- Easy and low cost maintenance
- Efficient disc brakes
- Live hydraulics with draft and position control
 - 15 -

242 XTRAC:

Engine
Make Eicher
Type 4 stroked air cooled
HP Range 24
PTO hp 19.32
no of cylinder 1
Bore mm 115
stroke mm 150
SFC (gm/ptohp/hr) 176
Max eng torque kgm 10.5
Back up torque % 22
 - 16 -

Electrical
Battery 12 V
Alternator 12 V

Transmission
Type sliding mesh
clutch type dry, single plate
Brake dry disc
rated PTO rpm 1021
Gear box speed 8 forward, 2 reverse

Hydraulics
Type automatic depth & draft control
Lift capacity at hitch point (KGF) 1000 +/- 100
Hydraulic gear driven

Tractor
Fuel tank capacity 48
Tyre size front 6.00x16; rear 12.4x28
Wheel base mm 1895
Ground clearance mm 395
Type of steering Mechanical

Features
- Fuel efficient.
- Easy & low cost maintenance
- Best output in field in its class
- Attractive styling with ergonomic steering & dashboard
- Higher towing capacity
- Efficient disc brakes with easy serviceability
- Live Hydraulics with draft and position control
 - 17 -

312 SUPER DI:

Engine
Make Eicher
Type 4 stroked air cooled
HP Range 30
pto hp 30.5
No: of cylinder 2
Bore mm 100
Stroke mm 125
Engine capacity cc 1963
sfc (gm/ptohp/hr) 176
Max eng torgue kgm 12.13
 - 18 -

Back up torque % 19.26

Electrical
Battery 12 V
Alternator 12 V

Transmission
Type sliding mesh
Clutch type dry, single plate
Brake dry disc
Rated pto rpm 1331
Gear box speed 8 forward, 2 reverse

Hydraulics
Type automatic depth & draft control, mix mode, COR
Lift capacity at hitch point (KGF) 1000 +/- 100
Hydraulic pump gear driven

Tractor
Fuel tank capacity 48
Tyre size front 6.00x16; rear 13.6x28/12.4x28
Wheel base mm 1990
Ground clearance mm 370
Type of steering Mechanical

Features
- Fuel efficient. Engine with Ricardo technology
- Easy & low cost maintenance
- Best output in field in its class
- Higher towing capacity
- Life hydraulics with draft and position control
- Efficient disc brakes
 - 19 -

333 SUPER DI:

Engine
Make S 324 Simpson
HP Range 35
PTO hp 34
Type 4 Stroke, Water Cooled
P. T. O. H. P. 33.3
Bore & stroke (mm) 88.9 x 127
Engine rated rpm 2000
Displacement (cc) 2365
Max eng torque kgm 13.51

Electrical
 - 20 -

Battery 12 V
Alternator 12 V

Transmission
Type sliding mesh
Clutch type 280 mm dry type (single plate)
Gear box sliding & constant mesh gears
Gear box speed 8 forward, 2 reverse

Hydraulics
Type automatic depth & draft control, mix mode, COR
Lift capacity at hitch point (KGF) 1000 +/- 100

Tractor
Fuel tank capacity 48
Tyre size front 6.00x16; rear 13.6x28/14.6x28
Turning radius with brake (m) 3.2
Turning radius without brake (m) 3.68
Type of steering Mechanical

Features
- Fuel efficient. 3 cylinder, Simpson engine
- Easy & low cost maintenance
- Best output in field in its class
- Attractive styling with ergonomic steering & dashboard
- Higher towing capacity
- Completely water sealed for paddy operation
- Mixed mode, live hydraulics suited for heavy duty applications
- Efficient disc brakes with easy serviceability.
 - 21 -

368 SUPER DI:

Engine
Make Eicher
HP Range 35
pto hp 34
Type 4 Stroke Air Cooled
No: of cylinder 3
Bore (mm) 100
Stroke (mm) 125
Eng. capacity (cc) 2945
sfc (gm/ptohp/hr) 183
Max eng torque kgm 13.51
Back up torque % 18.30
 - 22 -

Electrical
Battery 12 V
Alternator 12 V

Transmission
Type sliding mesh
Clutch type dry, dual plate
Gear box speed 8 forward, 2 reverse
Brake dry disc
Rated pto rpm 597/1331
pto speed 540

Hydraulics
Type automatic depth & draft control, mix mode, COR
Lifting Capacity at hitch point (KGF) 1200 +/- 100
Hydraulic pump gear driven

Tractor
Fuel tank capacity 48
Tyre size front 6.00x16; rear 13.6x28/14.6x28
Turning radius with brake (m) 3.2
Turning radius without brake (m) 3.68
Type of steering Mechanical

Features
- Fuel efficient engine with Ricardo technology
- Best haulage in its class
- Easy & low cost maintenance
- Efficient disc brakes
- Mixed mode, live hydraulics suited for heavy duty
 - 23 -

380 SUPER DI:

Engine
Make Simpson S325/E1
HP Range 35
PTO HP 36.5
Type 4 Stroke Water Cooled
No: of cylinder 3
Bore (mm) 91.44
Stroke (mm) 127
Cubic Capacity (cc) 2500
sfc (gm/ptohp/hr) 180
Max eng torque kgm 14.17
Back up torque % 15.94

Electrical
Battery 12 V
Alternator 12 V
 - 24 -

Transmission
Type sliding mesh
Clutch type dry, single/double plate
Gear box speed 8 forward, 2 reverse
Brake dry disc
Rated pto rpm 597
pto speed 540

Hydraulics
Type automatic depth & draft control, mix mode
Lifting Capacity at hitch point (KGF) 1200 +/- 100
hydraulic pump gear driven

Tractor
Fuel tank capacity 48
Tyre size front 6.00x16; rear 13.6x28/14.9x28
Weight kg 2010
Wheel base mm 1905
Turning radius with brake (m) 2.97
Turning radius without brake (m) 3.45
Type of steering Mechanical

FAB FOR 380 SUPER DI

Features
- Fuel efficient engine 3 cylinders, water cooled
- Easy & low cost maintenance
- Best output in field in its class
- Attractive styling with ergonomic steering & dashboard
- Higher towing capacity
- Completely water sealed for paddy operation
- Mixed mode, live hydraulics suited for heavy duty applications
- Efficient disc brakes with easy serviceability
- Optional telescopic front axle suitable for various crops.
 - 25 -

480 SUPER DI:

Engine
Make Simpson S325/E2
HP Range 45
pto hp 39.70
Type 4 Stroke Water Cooled
no of cylinder 3
Bore (mm) 91.44
Stroke (mm) 127
Cubic Capacity (cc) 2500
sfc (gm/ptohp/hr) 180
Max eng torque kgm 15.61
Back up torque % 18.66

Electrical
Battery 12 V
Alternator 12 V
 - 26 -

Transmission
Type sliding mesh
Clutch type dry, single/double plate
Gear box speed 8 forward, 2 reverse
Brake dry disc
Rated pto rpm 597
pto speed 540

Hydraulics
Type automatic depth & draft control, mix mode
Lifting Capacity at hitch point (KGF) 1200 +/- 100
Hydraulic pump gear driven

Tractor
Fuel tank capacity 48
Tyre size front 6.00x16; rear 13.6x28/14.9x28
Weight kg 200
Wheel base mm 2075/1910
Draw bar pull unblallasted (kgf) 1612
Turning radius with brake (m) 3.05
Turning radius without brake (m) 3.45
Ground clearance mm 320
Type of steering Mechanical

Features
- Fuel efficient, 3 cylinder, water cooled engine
- Easy & low cost maintenance
- Best output in field in its class
- Attractive styling with ergonomic steering & dashboard
- Higher towing capacity
- Completely water sealed for paddy operation
- Mixed mode, live hydraulics suited for heavy duty applications
- Efficient disc brakes with easy serviceability
 - 27 -

485 SUPER DI:

Engine
Make Eicher
HP Range 41.1
Type 4 Stroke Water Cooled
No: of cylinder 3
Bore (mm) 100
Stroke (mm) 125
Cubic Capacity (cc) 2945
sfc (gm/ptohp/hr) 177
Max eng torque kgm 16.9
Back up torque % 23.50

Electrical
Battery 12 V
Alternator 12 V
 - 28 -

Transmission
Type sliding mesh
Clutch type dry, single/double plate
Gear box speed 8 forward, 2 reverse
Brake dry disc
Rated pto rpm 597
pto speed 540

Hydraulics
Type automatic depth & draft control, mix mode
Lifting Capacity at hitch point (KGF) 1200 +/- 100
Hydraulic pump gear driven

Tractor
Fuel tank capacity 48
Tyre size front 6.00x16; rear 13.6x28/14.9x28
Weight kg 2045
Wheel base mm 2075
Draw bar pull un ballasted (kgf) 1612
Turning radius with brake (m) 3.2
Turning radius without brake (m) 3.68
Ground clearance mm 395
Type of steering Mechanical

Features
- Fuel efficient engine with Ricardo technology
- Easy & low cost maintenance
- Best output in field in its class
- Attractive styling with ergonomic steering & dashboard
- Best haulage capacity in its class
- Mixed mode, live hydraulics suited for heavy duty applications
- Completely water sealed for paddy operation
- Efficient disc brakes with easy serviceability
 - 29 -

AN OVER LOOK INTO THE SYSTEM OF EICHER TRACTORS

There are following basic departments in EICHER Tractors.

1. EICHER TRACTORS ENGINEERING CENTER

This department is responsible for designing the products to be manufactured by the
different vendors. The department has been divided into different areas like
transmission, which looks after the gear designing, tractor, which looks after general
parts of the tractor, hydraulics, which is responsible for looking after the ADDC and the
components related to hydraulics, product development, which looks after the various
field issues and improving the present products.

2. FINANCE AND ACCOUNTS DEPARTMENT

This Department is responsible for all the financial transforms that are carried out in

the company such as payments for all the incoming material, salaries of all the

employees, all the records for expenditures and Credits to the company are maintained

by this department.

3. SALES AND MARKETING DEPARTMENT

This Department is responsible for consolidating the position of the company in the
market every year. Every year these people get some new strategies so as to increase
the share of the company in the market. Most of the Sales of the company are
dependent on the working of this department thus being one of the most important
departments.
 - 30 -

4. MATERIALS/VENDOR DEVELOPMENT
This department is responsible for all the incoming material from the vendor. This
department is further divided into two departments
a) Vendor Development.
All the new samples and in fact all the new components are developed by this

department. All the components developed are not consumed as a part of the

regular production but implemented as a trial only and consumed in regular

production only after these components are regularized.

b) Regular purchase Department

This department is responsible for all the incoming material brought in that is used
in regular production.

5. STORES DEPARTMENT
This department is responsible for the handling of the incoming material, supplying
the material on to the line and also the dispatch the rejected materials back to the
vendors. Thus stores have got a huge task to do and that can’t be performed as a
single association and thus has been divided into different sections as per the need
such as Incoming Material Stores named as Group 1,2,3 Stores, main stores, ETE
Stores, Rejection Stores etc. of

6. QUALITY ASSURANCE DEPARTMENT.

This department is responsible for over all Quality Control of the incoming components

and Assurance about the Quality of the Tractor to the customer. This department is

further divided into Sub-Departments, which is discussed separately later on.

Quality can be defined’ as ‘fitness for use’ when we talk of quality it means that
product should be fit for use and it is the user who judges and decides what qualities
he wants in the product.

The quality characteristics can be grouped into 4 categories:

1. Quality of design
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2. Quality of conformance

3. Availability

4. Customer service

Quality of design

The design must meet all the requirements of the customer. If he wants a motor of
say 5 HP, you can’t design your motor for 4.5 HP. The designer should aim at a
design which fulfills all the qualities, or almost all the qualities desired by the
customer. He should also make a product, which would become more competitive.

Quality of conformance

The degree or extent to which a product actually conforms to in accordance with the
specification and drawing is called the ‘Quality of Conformance’.

Availability

This includes such characteristics as reliability, maintainability and length of life. All
these indicate as to what extent the product will be available for use.

Customer Service

This includes the extent to which customer can get assistance from the manufacturer
or to keep the product in continuous use.

The quality policy of Eicher tractor is to design, develop, manufacture and service
products of such quality which ensure the customer satisfaction, this is achieved
through.
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 Continuously identifying customers needs communicating the same within

the Organization.

 Focus on design for reliability, ease of manufacture and cost effectiveness.

 Production and delivery of zero defect products of competitive prices in the

Mode l mix required by the customers.

 Timely and responsive service after sales.

The objective of a quality assurance system is to maintain the necessary standards of

quality. The important components of the quality assurance system are:

 Monitoring quality assurance program of suppliers.

 Checking the accuracy of test measuring equipment.

 Evaluating and controlling the quality of product in the field.

 Establish a feedback link about the quality-related information to the

management.

 Evaluating, planning and controlling product quality.

 Conducting special quality studies and managing the entire quality system.

The various sub departments of quality assurance department are:

(a) Metallurgical Lab

(b) Standard Room

(c) Development Cell

(d) Receipt Quality Control

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(e) Manufacturing Quality Control

Sample validation

If there are some changes to be made or any new component is to be install a lot of
five samples is to be brought to the sample room for verification purposes. Then the
sample is passed on depending upon its dimensional and other required
characteristics. The department purpose is to check the components of new vendor.

The objectives of sample validation department are

 To assure the dimensional and other characteristics of new sample are conforming to
the specification.

 To make quality standards along with materials department to ensure the

characteristics of components over long period of time.

Metallurgical Lab

This lab has all facilities to determine the chemical composition of the raw material
used for the production of various components. This lab includes Universal testing
machine, Rockwell Machine, Brinell Hardness Tester, Rubber Testing Machine,
Chemicals for determine the microstructure of the raw material, Rubber tensile
testing equipment.

The objectives of metallurgy lab

To ensure all components should be free from any sort of non-conformance relate4d
to physical chemical aspects per relevant standards. To ensure the quality of paints
rubber items.
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Standard room
These departments house all the measuring instruments and their records. It is a
fully air conditioned room with dust free environment. The room is specially made
dust proof for avoiding any measurement anomalies. CMM machine is installed here
which is used to check the components for better accuracy.

Objectives of standard room

• To perform calibration of the various instruments in various department.

• To demonstrate the confidence level of measurement system to the customer.
• Gauge planning and procurement from the vendor for calibration.

Design release department

This department deals with product development of new tractors as was valtra when
it was developed last year. Basically this department coordinates between design
and various divisions.

Objectives of DR department

• New design implementation

• To coordinate different department while new design is to be implemented
• Review of components according to quality aspects and design review.

Receipt quality control

RQC may be defined as the sum of the measures taken by the receivers to assure the
quality or material offered by vendor. This department receives the components from
the vendor and assures mainly the dimensional aspect and also the appearance of the
component. This department has a very large list of gauges and instrument, which are
duly calibrated according to date; adherence and tractability to the IS there. The
clearing of components includes evaluating the sample size from each lot; the
components are checked for various aspects and then send for confirmation or
rejection.
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Objective of RQC

• To assure the quality of a particular unit or group of units submitted

for acceptance.
• To assure quality characteristics over the long term will meet with the quality
standards.
The RQC department is sub divided into four sections as/materials these are
a) Sheet metal
b) Casting
c) Forging
d) Bar stock

Manufacturing quality control.

This department deals with the manufacturing quality. To ensure this quality,
various audits are conducted like FIFO (first in first out), tourqing, washing, sealant
application, functional audit, settings and various alignments, bearing, final product
audit etc.

• Judging the conformity/ of the process to the established standard and taking
suitable action when deviations are noted.
• To assure that these standards are implemented by conducting daily audits
and upgrading the standards as and when required.
7. PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
This Department is responsible for carrying out all the assembly operations. This

department is further sub-divided into some of the parts as per different assembly lines

such as Hydraulics Assembly line, Transmission line, Pre-painting line, Paint10 kitchen,

Post painting line, PDI etc.

(a) Maintenance department

For regular & preventive maintenance of machines & any other equipment used for
assembly this. Departments provide its services.
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(b) Store
Store assures regular and continuous supply to avoid line stopping. All the materials
purchased are stored here systematically and items that can be rusted are applied with
rust preventive oil once in a week and in season twice in a week.
The assembly line has been categorized depending upon the operations they are
performing. They are namely: -
• ADDC line
• Transmission line
• Pre painting line
• Paint shop
• Post painting line

ADDC line
ADDC stands for automatic depth and draft control. This is used for the operation of the
agriculture implements like cultivator, MB plough, disc harrow, etc. ADDC system
controls the depth of implement, depending upon the draft. Draft is resistance of the
soil, which acts against the implement. ADDC system is based on the principle of sensing
the forces on implement and hence using the hydraulic pressure to lift or lower the 3-
point linkage.

Transmission line
In this line the gear box, differential assembly, final drive assembly and ADDC
coupling is done. The gearbox assemble is called g1 and the differential assembly is
called g2. The various gear mechanisms used in tractor are:
• Sliding gear mechanism
• Synchro-mesh mechanism
Most of the models have sliding gear mechanism expect for the Eicher Valtra 6100 and
power 6100, which have got synchromesh gear and mechanism. There are 8 speeds in
forward direction- 4 in high speed and 4 in low speed, 2 gears are in reverse
direction. The high low speed is engaged by lever high-low. With the high low
provision we can increase the torque since at low speed the torque generated is
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more. Transmission assembly also consists of PTO (power transmission output) that is
used to run the pump for drawing out water and some implements like rotavator, etc.

Pre Painting line

This line includes the coupling of engine and fly wheel to the transmission assembly.
For this purpose there is a machine which ensures that proper coupling is done. Then
brakes, clutch, steering mechanism are assembled along with the other items like
front weight, pressures pipe suction pipe etc.

Paint shop
This shop is basically in 2 categories one line itself and second sheet metal paint
shop. On the line, the chassis of the tractor is painted and is then baked in over. In
sheet metal paint shop consist of thirteen tank systems, which include first cleaning
of the material, de-rusting, descalling, surface activation for better paint adhesion.

Post painting line

The post painting line involves the assembly of bonnet, dashboard, electrical air
cleaner, water radiator, tyres, etc. This also involves the filling of oils like steering, air
cleaner, gear box oil and diesel oil.

8. MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENT

This department is responsible for carrying out all the maintenance work to be carried

out in the plant. Any kind out of repair work or maintenance such as electrical

maintenance, this department carries out working of equipment on the assembly line

etc.

9. ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
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This Department is responsible for launching new technologies in the plant such as any

kind of new testing machine, implementation of new machines, layout of the plant and

reducing the overall expenditures of the plant by desiccating etc.

10. SERVICES
This department is responsible for providing all the services and repair works to the
customers after tractors have been sold. Many new methods and strategies have
been adopted in the past to provide need full service to the customers and full care
has been taken to take care of their valuable suggestions and feedback.

11. HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT:

This is the most important department of any organization. As we all know that 3 M’s
are most vital for any production unit. These 3 M’s are Men, Materials, and Machines.
Out of all the, Men or Human Resource is the most complicated or important resource
for any organization, the department which performs all the functions relating to the
human resources is known as HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT. Human resource
department is divided into 3 parts:

 Corporate HR
 Plant HR
 Marketing HR

The department is responsible for each and every function regarding the
Human resources.
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PLANT LAYOUT
5. Plant Layout & Departments
Samples room

Pre painting
Inspection

Transmission store (left)

Pre painting
Pre painting store
(right)
line
Addc

Component
Rework
Washing
PRV
Area ROOM
Washing Production
house

Sheet metal washing and painting

R.Q.C

Transmission Engg. Deptt.

Painting And SHQ
Store and
Test rig
Baking

Post
painting
Sub assy
Post painting store
Post painting
station
Air filling

store

P.D.I. and Final Inspection

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I am here in Eicher tractor, mandideep for knowing about 5150 pwer steering and
also knowing about its mechanism.
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COMPONENTS OF 5150 PS
1.Gasket gear pump
2.Pipe mounting braket
3.Tandem pump
4.Filter
5.Hex bolt