Finite Elements in Mechanics

An introduction into the FEM theory and

hands-on computer applications.
by
Luis A. Prieto Ph.D., P.E.
Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering
 Course Content
• Theory • Practice
• Fundamentals
• Basic SAP2000
• Review of Matrix Algebra
• Truss tutorial
• One-dimensional problems
• Concrete frame building
• Trusses
• Steel frame building
• Two-dimensional
• Advanced model
• Axi-symmetry
• ETABS
• Iso-parametric elements
• Student selected projects
• Beams and Frames
• Three-dimensional
 INTRODUCTION

The finite element method (FEM) is a powerful numerical solution of a wide range of
engineering problems, such as the deformation and stress analysis of aircraft, automotive, buildings,
bridges and dam structures to field analysis of heat flux, fluid flow, magnetic flux, seepage, and other
flow problems.

With the advances in computer technology and CAD systems, comple x problems can be
modeled with relative ease, and several alternative configuratio ns can be tried out on a computer before
the first prototype is built.

In this method of analysis, a complex region defining a continuum is discretized into simple
geometric shapes called finite elements. The material properties and the governing relationships are
considered over these elements and expressed in terms of unknown values at element corners. An
assembly process, duly considering the loading and constraints, results in a set of equations. Solution of
these equations gives us the approximate behavior of the continuum.
Axisymmetric analysis of a missile nose cone. Complex shape (a) is first reduced to a simple piece at (b).
Finite element triangulation of portion of nose cone.
Finite element analysis for tire inflation studies.
Today’s Kids, a toy manufacturer, used FEM to confirm the location of the
failure points when the slide is subjected to a non-linear overload.
3-D visualization of the magnetic field B surrounding a bath plate.
Iso-contours of the H-field in the rotor of a disk-brake assembly of a light
truck, are used to determine the natural frequency of vibration induced
during braking.
A V6 engine block, showing the thermal stress around the cylinde r heads.