Mole Counting the Number of Particles • Counting Atoms, Molecules, and Ion is not very practical • Reason one: is because they are to small • Reason two: is because there are large numbers of particles • (even in small samples) Mole • 1 Mole (mol) = 6.02 x 1023 particles of a substance • Avogadro’s Number = 6.02 x 1023 • Named after the man who scientifically determined the number Representative Particles • Refers to the species present in a substance • Species = atoms, molecules, formula units (AKA ions) • Representative particle of most elements is the atom • Ex. Iron made of iron atoms, • Ex. Helium is made of Helium atoms Representative Particles cont.
• H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, and I2 = RP
is the molecule • H2O, SO2 = RP is the molecule • CaCl2 ionic compound = RP is the formula unit or ion Moles to Atoms Conversion Problem • How many moles of magnesium is 1.25 x 1023 atoms of magnesium • Atoms Moles is the conversion • Conversion Factor = • 1 mole Mg / 6.02 x 1023 atoms of Mg