Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Introduction
The purpose of this tutorial is to provide guidelines to set up and run a dynamic mesh
(DM) case using the layering scheme. The tutorial models a missile being launched from a
silo. The motion of the missile is predicted using the six degree of freedom (6DOF) solver
in FLUENT.
In this tutorial, you will learn how to:
• Read a mesh file and perform a dynamic mesh calculation.
Prerequisites
This tutorial assumes that you are familiar with the FLUENT interface, and that you have
a good understanding of the basic setup and solution procedures. In this tutorial, you will
use the dynamic mesh model. If you have not used this model before, refer to Section 10.6:
Dynamic Meshes in the FLUENT 6.2 User’s Guide.
Problem Description
Consider the launch of a missile from its silo (Figure 1). The 6DOF solver is used to predict
the motion of the missile. The UDF (silo.c) is used to specify the properties of the missile
(mass and moments of inertia) as well as any body forces that are present. The 6DOF
solver applies Newton’s law to determine the acceleration of the missile.
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006 1
Missile Silo Launch
Thrust, gravity, and pressure forces are considered in the calculation, whereas the drag on
the missile is neglected. The missile engine starts to fire at t = 0 seconds but the missile is
held fixed in the silo and is not allowed to move until t = 0.1 seconds. The flow is assumed
to be inviscid and the domain is axisymmetric.
Preparation
2
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006
Missile Silo Launch
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006 3
Missile Silo Launch
5. Set the view so that the missile points upward (Figure 3).
Display −→Views...
(a) Click Camera....
4
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006
Missile Silo Launch
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006 5
Missile Silo Launch
2. Click Build.
The Information dialog box is displayed. Read the instructions carefully and click OK.
FLUENT creates the appropriate directory structure, makefiles, and compiles the code
for you. The progress of the compilation is shown in the FLUENT console window.
You can monitor the progress of the compilation for any linking errors. Alternatively,
you can also view the log file with the compilation history that will be created in the
working directory.
3. Click Load.
Step 3: Models
1. Enable the Coupled solver with Explicit formulation, Unsteady time condition, and
Axisymmetric space.
Define −→ Models −→Solver...
6
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006
Missile Silo Launch
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006 7
Missile Silo Launch
Step 4: Materials
1. Create a new fluid material named exhaust to represent the exhaust gases of the
missile.
Define −→Materials...
8
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006
Missile Silo Launch
i. Add exhaust and air (in the same order) to the Selected Species list.
ii. Remove h2o, o2, and n2 from the Selected Species list and click OK.
(d) Select ideal-gas for Density.
(e) Click Change/Create and close the Materials panel.
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006 9
Missile Silo Launch
2. Enable Gravity and set the Gravitational Acceleration to -9.81 m/s2 in the X direction.
(a) Set the Minimum Absolute Pressure to 10000 Pa and Maximum Absolute Pressure
to 2500000 Pa.
(b) Set the Minimum Static Temperature to 50 K and the Maximum Static Temperature
to 2800 K.
(c) Set the Maximum Turb. Viscosity Ratio to 1e06.
(d) Click OK.
10
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006
Missile Silo Launch
(a) Set the Mass Flow-Rate to 50 kg/s and Total Temperature to 2700 k.
(b) Set the Supersonic/Initial Gauge Pressure to 101325 Pa.
(c) Set Direction Specification Method to Normal to Boundary.
(d) Set the Turbulence Specification Method to Intensity and Hydraulic Diameter.
(e) Set Turbulence Intensity 10 % and Hydraulic Diameter to 8.4 in.
(f) Set Species Mass Fractions for exhaust to 1.
(g) Click OK.
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006 11
Missile Silo Launch
3. Ensure that the Type for zones, axis-in and axis-out is axis.
4. Ensure that the Type for zones, interface-in, interface-out-1, and interface-out-2 is in-
terface.
12
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006
Missile Silo Launch
2. Define the non-conformal interface between the moving zone (fluid-inner) and the
stationary zone (fluid-outer).
Define −→Grid Interfaces...
(a) Under Grid Interface, enter the name of the interface as sliding-interface.
(b) Select interface-in under Interface Zone 1 and interface-out-1 under Interface Zone 2.
(c) Retain the default values for the other parameters and click Create.
(d) Close the panel.
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006 13
Missile Silo Launch
14
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006
Missile Silo Launch
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006 15
Missile Silo Launch
16
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006
Missile Silo Launch
5. Define a dynamic mesh event that will hold the missile in place until liftoff at t =
0.1 seconds.
Define −→ Dynamic Mesh −→Events...
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006 17
Missile Silo Launch
18
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006
Missile Silo Launch
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006 19
Missile Silo Launch
(a) Set the discretization scheme for Flow to First Order upwind.
(b) Set the Courant Number to 0.5.
(c) Click OK.
20
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006
Missile Silo Launch
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006 21
Missile Silo Launch
22
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006
Missile Silo Launch
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006 23
Missile Silo Launch
(b) In the Display Options panel, set Active Window to 1 and click Set.
Graphics window 1 opens. It is the current active window.
(c) In the Contour Plot panel, select Velocity and Mach Number from the Contours of
drop-down list, enable Filled under Options, and click Display.
The contour plot of Mach number appears in graphics window 1.
(d) Restore the saved view, view-0 in graphics window 1.
Display −→Views...
i. Under Views, select view-0 and click Restore.
(e) Set Active Window to 2 in the Display Options panel and click Set.
Graphics window 2 opens. It is the current active window.
(f) In the Contour Plot panel, select Species and Mass Fraction of exhaust from the
Contours of drop-down list, enable Filled under Options, and click Display.
(g) Restore the saved view, view-0 in graphics window 2.
Display −→Views...
(h) Close the Display Options, Contours, and Views panels.
24
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006
Missile Silo Launch
1. Set the Time Step Size to 0.0005, Number of Time Steps to 0, and Max Iterations per
Time Step to 300.
2. Click Iterate.
FLUENT may give an error message on some systems when you iterate with Number
of Time Steps set to 0. In that case, set Number of Time Steps to 1.
4. Set Max Iterations per Time Step to 1000 and click Iterate to continue the solution.
The initial solution is completely converged at the end of 1300 iterations.
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006 25
Missile Silo Launch
Residuals
continuity
x-velocity 1e+02
y-velocity
energy
nut 1e+00
exhaust
1e-02
1e-04
1e-06
1e-08
1e-10
1e-12
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
Iterations
26
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006
Missile Silo Launch
1. View the results at the moment the rocket is released (t = 0.1 seconds).
0.1 seconds corresponds to 200 time steps.
(a) Read the data file, silo-unsteady0200.dat.gz
File −→ Read −→Data...
(b) Display contours of Mach number at t = 0.1 seconds (Figure 6).
(c) Restore the saved view, view-0.
Display −→Views...
(d) Display contours of mass fraction of exhaust gas at t = 0.1 seconds (Figure 7).
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006 27
Missile Silo Launch
2.94e+00
2.79e+00
2.65e+00
2.50e+00
2.35e+00
2.21e+00
2.06e+00
1.91e+00
1.77e+00
1.62e+00
1.47e+00
1.32e+00
1.18e+00
1.03e+00
8.84e-01
7.37e-01
5.90e-01
4.43e-01
2.96e-01
1.49e-01
1.80e-03
1.00e+00
9.50e-01
9.00e-01
8.50e-01
8.00e-01
7.50e-01
7.00e-01
6.50e-01
6.00e-01
5.50e-01
5.00e-01
4.50e-01
4.00e-01
3.50e-01
3.00e-01
2.50e-01
2.00e-01
1.50e-01
1.00e-01
5.00e-02
0.00e+00
28
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006
Missile Silo Launch
2.98e+00
2.83e+00
2.68e+00
2.53e+00
2.38e+00
2.23e+00
2.08e+00
1.94e+00
1.79e+00
1.64e+00
1.49e+00
1.34e+00
1.19e+00
1.04e+00
8.95e-01
7.46e-01
5.98e-01
4.49e-01
3.00e-01
1.52e-01
2.97e-03
1.00e+00
9.50e-01
9.00e-01
8.50e-01
8.00e-01
7.50e-01
7.00e-01
6.50e-01
6.00e-01
5.50e-01
5.00e-01
4.50e-01
4.00e-01
3.50e-01
3.00e-01
2.50e-01
2.00e-01
1.50e-01
1.00e-01
5.00e-02
0.00e+00
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006 29
Missile Silo Launch
3. Link the image sequences created during the simulation into an animation of the
unsteady flow and rocket motion.
Note: This step requires installation of third-party software.
Animations of the rocket motion are provided along with the tutorial files. These
animations can be played in any media player that supports the audio/video interleave
(AVI) file format.
Summary
In this tutorial, you used FLUENT to solve an unsteady problem using the six degree of
freedom solver along with the layering algorithm. While the six degree of freedom solver is
applicable to a three-dimensional flow domain, this tutorial illustrates that it can also be
used to predict pure linear motion.
30
c Fluent Inc. March 20, 2006